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Look at the phone in your hand – you can thank the state for that | Rutger Bregman

We know the private sector has given us life-changing products. But we forget that it is state investment that makes innovation possible in the first place• Rutger Bregman is the author of Utopia for Realists (translated by Elizabeth Manton)
Illustration by Nathalie Lees

Who are the visionaries who drive human progress? The answer, as we all know, is the geeks, the free spirits and the crazy dreamers, who thumb their noses at authority: the Peter Thiels and the Mark Zuckerbergs of the world; the likes of Steve Jobs and the Travis Kalanick; the giants with an uncompromising vision and an iron will, as though they have stepped fresh from the pages of one of Ayn Rand’s novels.

“Innovation,” Steve Jobs once said, “distinguishes between a leader and a follower.” Now, if ever there were a prototypical follower, it would have to be the government. After all, why else would nearly all the innovative companies of

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