Library Consortia: Practical Guide for Library Managers

Library Consortia

Practical Guide for Library Managers

Aditya Tripathi

Jawahar Lal

Table of Contents

Cover image

Title page

Series Page

Copyright

About the Authors

Preface

List of Abbreviations

Chapter 1. Library Consortia: An Overview

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Library Cooperation

1.3. Library Consortia

1.4. Purpose of Library Consortia

1.5. Consideration of Points Before Consortia Formation

1.6. Factors Responsible for Formation of Library Consortia

1.7. Summary

Chapter 2. Origin and Development of Library Consortia

2.1. Introduction

2.2. History of Library Consortia

2.3. Development of Consortia Organizational Models

2.4. Reasons for Success of Library Consortia

2.5. Issues Concerning Consortium Purchases

2.6. The Stakeholders

2.7. Impact of Information Communication Technology in Library Consortia Functioning

2.8. Summary

Chapter 3. Library Consortia: Components and Benefits

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Needs of Library Consortia

3.3. Components of Library Consortia

3.4. Advantages of Library Consortia

3.5. Disadvantages of Library Consortia

3.6. Criteria for a Successful Library Consortium

3.7. Summary

Chapter 4. Library Consortia Models

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Library Consortia Models

4.3. Types of Library Consortia Models

4.4. Characteristics of a Successful Model

4.5. Summary

Chapter 5. Management of Library Consortia: Organization and Finance

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Governance of Library Consortia

5.3. Financial Management in Library Consortia

5.4. Information Resources Management

5.5. Summary

Chapter 6. Management of Library Consortia: Pricing and Licensing

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Pricing Models of Information Resources

6.3. Negotiations and Licensing Agreements for Consortium Deals

6.4. Summary

Chapter 7. Management of Library Consortia: Challenges

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Increasing Expectations and Static Budgets

7.3. Resource Identification

7.4. Technology Infrastructure

7.5. Pricing Issues

7.6. Access and Archiving-related Issues

7.7. Licensing and Copyright Issues

7.8. Sustainability Issues

7.9. Usage and Usability Issues

7.10. Summary

References

Index

Series Page

Chandos Information Professional Series

Series Editor: Ruth Rikowski

(email: Rikowskigr@aol.com)

Chandos’ new series of books is aimed at the busy information professional. They have been specially commissioned to provide the reader with an authoritative view of current thinking. They are designed to provide easy-to-read and (most importantly) practical coverage of topics that are of interest to librarians and other information professionals. If you would like a full listing of current and forthcoming titles, please visit www.chandospublishing.com.

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Copyright

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Notices

Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.

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ISBN: 978-0-08-100908-6 (print)

ISBN: 978-0-08-100949-9 (online)

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About the Authors

Dr. Aditya Tripathi is associate professor in the Department of Library and Information Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He has taught library science for 15  years. He has supervised five doctoral dissertations. He has taught digitization, digital libraries, digital preservation, information retrieval systems, Web applications, and library management. Dr. Tripathi earned his Associateship in Documentation and Information Science from Documentation Research and Training Centre, Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore and his Doctorate from Pune University, Pune. He has more than 50 research publications in various national and international journals and conferences and five books to his credit. He has contributed several courses in M.Lib.I.Sc, B.Lib.ISc and Post Graduate Diploma in Library Automation and Networking of Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi. He has traveled widely across India and abroad as a resource person to several conferences, seminars, and workshops. He was awarded Best Young Teacher by the Indian Association of Special Libraries and Information Centres in 2012.

Dr. Jawahar Lal earned his doctorate from Banaras Hindu University. He has worked as semi-professional assistant (contractual) in the Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. He was assistant librarian at Kashi Naresh Government Post Graduate College, Gyanpur, Sant Ravidas Nagar Bhadohi under the Directorate of Higher Education, Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad. At present, he is working as assistant librarian at Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library, Central Library, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. He is supervising the periodical, newspaper and magazines and thesis sections of the library. He has written several publications on library consortia.

Preface

Libraries are information processing organizations and are in continual interaction with the environment. Academic libraries and their services are an integral part of teaching and learning. They form a partnership with faculty, researchers, publishers, students, and funding agencies. Librarians and libraries are known for their willingness to share resources and knowledge. With the help of new technologies, libraries can now serve their patrons without barriers of time and space.

Libraries are facing increasing demands for resources and services and at the same time declining levels of human and financial resources. Libraries, therefore, are not able to provide these services successfully on their own. A natural development resulting from this situation is the development of library consortia. It has also been an opportunity to explore new ways of collaborating, and consortia have been a catalyst for promoting cooperation.

Library consortia primarily aim to fulfill the educational, intellectual, informational, and social aspirations of users through the cooperative provision of superior quality library resources and services. The main service that a consortium offers to its member organizations is negotiation of licenses with good pricing and legal conditions. Since the majority of the providers are foreign, the consortium helps to solve legal problems concerning the adaptation of the licenses to the concerned country’s law.

Libraries have a very rich tradition of sharing, and thus the consortia arrangements or resource sharing amongst libraries. Libraries are faced with several environmental circumstances (cultural, economic, political, etc.) that are unique compared to other service sectors. The emerging changes in the publishing industry and a phenomenal increase in Web-based resources as well as other organizational imperatives after 1990 have forced libraries to move toward a strategic partnership. Hence, several efforts toward formation of consortia have been made at global, national, and regional levels to provide shared Web-based electronic resources to research, academic, and technical libraries.

There are neither any defined guidelines nor any established models to help the librarians to establish a formal consortium where the members are legally bound and also protected for their decisions. This is mostly a kind of coming together for libraries facing the same difficulties toward procuring e-content. This includes formation of a body (which we call a consortium), identifying the needs, finding the suitable subscription agents, negotiating or striking the deal, licensing, and so on. The strategies are adopted based on individual experiences or previous experiences with the principle of suitability to the objective(s).

This book is attempt to provide insight into library consortia and includes topics like consortia formation models, types of e-content, pricing, negotiations, and licensing. This book will be useful for library professionals and practitioners, students, and researchers.

List of Abbreviations

AGLIN   Australian Government Libraries Information Network

AICTE   All India Council for Technical Education

AIIMS   All India Institute of Medical Sciences

AIP   American Institute of Physics

ALPSP   Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers

AMICAL   American International Consortium of Academic Libraries

AMS   American Mathematical Society

ANKOS   Anatolian University Libraries Consortium

ARL   Association of Research Libraries

ASA   Association of Subscription Agents & Intermediaries

ASP   Average Subscription Price

ASPPI   Average Subscription Price per Issue

AULC   Andalucian University Libraries Consortium (University Library Consortium of Andalucía)

AULC   Arizona University Libraries Consortium

BARC   Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

CAICO   Cape Libraries Cooperative

CALIBNET   Calcutta Library Network

CALICO   Cape Library Consortium

CALIS   China Academic Library and Information System

CARL   Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries

CASHL   China Academic Humanities and Social Sciences Library

CATNIP   Cataloguing Network in Pietermeritzbug

CAUL   Council of Australian University Librarians

CAVAL   Co-operative Action by Victorian Academic Libraries

CBUC   Consortium of Catalonia University Libraries (Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Cataluña

CCALD   Council of Connecticut Academic Library Directors

CCF   Cross-Correlation Function

CCMC   Central Connectivity Monitoring Committee

CEIRC   CAUL Electronic Information Resources Committee

CeRA   Consortium for e-Resources in Agriculture

CERL   Consortium of European Research Libraries

CIBER   Comitato Interuniversitario Basi Dati ed Editoria in Rete

CIC   Committee on Institutional Cooperation

CILEA   Consorzio Interuniversitario Lombardo per L’Elaborazione Automatica

CIPE   Center for International Private Enterprise

CISTI   Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information

CONZULAC   Committee of New Zealand University Librarians Acquisitions Consortium

COPPUL   Council of Prairie and Pacific University Libraries

COUPERIN   Consortium Universitaire des Périodiques Numériques

CPP   Core plus Peripheral

CRL   Center for Research Libraries

CSIR   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

CSIRO   Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in Australia

CONZUL   Committee of New Zealand University Libraries

CSIRO   Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization

CUP   Cambridge University Press

CURL   Consortium of University Research Libraries

DAE   Department of Atomic Energy

DELNET   Delhi Library Network

DESIDOC   Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre

DGHS   Director General of Health Services

DLR   Dynamic Language Runtime

DOS   Department of Space

DSIR   Department of Scientific and Industrial Research

DST   Department of Science and Technology

EARL   Electronic Access to Resources in Libraries

EFC   Expenditure Finance Committee

eIFL   Electronic Information for Libraries

E-RAMS   E-Resources Access Management System

ERIMS   Electronic Resources of Indian Management Schools

ERNET   Education and Research Network

ESAL   Eastern Seaboard Alliance of Libraries

ETD   Electronic Theses Databases

FinELib   Finnish National Electronic Library Consortium

FORSA   Forum for Resource Sharing in Astronomy and Astrophysics

FREELICO   Free State Library and Information Consortium

FTE   Full-Time Equivalents

GAELIC   Gauteng and Environs Library Consortium

GALILEO   Georgia Library Learning Online

HEAL-Link   Hellenic Academic Libraries Link

HELINET   Health Sciences Library & Information Network

HOLIC   Heads of Libraries and Information Centers

IARI   Indian Agricultural Research Institute

ICAR   Indian Council of Agricultural Research

ICAST   Information Centre for Aerospace Science and Technology

ICE   Information/Communications/Entertainment

ICMR   Indian Council of Medical Research

ICOLC   International Coalition of Library Consortia

ICT   Information Communication Technology

IDAL   Illinois Digital Academic Library and netLibrary

IEL   IEEE’s Electronic Library

IFLA   International Federation of Library Associations

IIA   Indian Institute of Astrophysics

IIM   Indian Institutes of Management

IISc   Indian Institute of Science

IIT   Indian Institutes of Technology

IKP   ICICI Knowledge Park

ILCSO   Illinois Library Computer Systems Organization

ILL   Inter Library Loan

ILLINET   Illinois Library and Information Network

INDEST   Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Science and Technology

INFLIBNET   Information and Library Network

INSDOC   Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre

IP   Internet Protocol

IPR   Intellectual Property Right

ISI   Indian Statistical Institute

ISO   International Standards Organization

ISRO   Indian Space Research Organization

ICT   Information Communication Technology

IUC   Inter-University Centre

IUCAA   Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics

IULC   Inter-University Library Committee

JCCC   J-Gate Custom Content for Consortium

JISC   Joint Information Systems Committee

KERIS   Korea Education & Research Information Service

LIC   Library and Information Center

LISA   Library and Information Science Abstracts

MALIBNET   Madras Library Network

MARC   MAchine-Readable Cataloging

MCI   Medical Council of India

METROWeb   Metropolitan New York Library Council

MIRACL   Missouri Research Consortium of Libraries

MIT   Ministry of Information Technology

MOHFW   Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

MoU   Memorandum of Understanding

MURST   Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica

NAFEN   National Foundation of Indian Engineers

NAIP   National Agricultural Innovation Project

NAL   National Aerospace Laboratory

NARS   National Agricultural Research System

NASA   National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NBHM   National Board for Higher Mathematics

NCLive   North Carilina Live

NELP   New Exploration Licensing Policy

NERL   North East Research Libraries

NESLI   National Electronic Site License Initiative

NISCAIR   National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resource

NISCOM   National Institute of Science Communication

NISO   National Information Standards Organization

NIT   National Institute of Technology

NKRC   National Knowledge Resource Consortium

NLR   Netherlands Leprosy Relief

NML-ERMED   National Medical Library-Electronic Resources in Medicine

NRC   National Review Committee

NSC   National Steering Committee

OCLC   Online Computer Library Centre

ODLIS   Online Dictionary of Library and Information Science

OED   Oxford English Dictionary

OhioLINK   Ohio Library and Information Network

OLIS   Office of Library and Information Services

ONERA   Office National d’Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales (French Aerospace Lab)

OPAC   Online Public Access Catalogs

OSA   Optical Society of America

OUP   Oxford University Press

PALCI   Pennsylvania Academic Library Consortium Inc.

PCT   Primary Care Trust

PDF   Portable Document Format

PEAK   Pricing Electronic Access to Knowledge

PPV   Pay-per View

PRL   Physical Research Laboratory

QGLC   Queensland Government Libraries Consortium

R&D   Research & Development

RGUHS   Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences

RISS   Research Information Service System

RLG   Research Libraries Group

RLIN   Research Library Information Network

ROI   Return on Investment

RRI   Raman Research Institute

RRL   Regional Research Laboratory

SABINET   South African Bibliographic and Information Network

SAILOR   Maryland’s Public Information Network

SALUS   South Australian Health Services Libraries