Phonics at a glance

phonics is

segmentation and blending

skills of

the alphabetic code

knowledge of

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Phonics consists of:

Identifying sounds in spoken words Recognising the common spellings of each phoneme Blending phonemes into words for reading Segmenting words into phonemes for spelling

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Definitions

A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a word.

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Definitions
Grapheme: Letter(s) representing a phoneme. t ai igh

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Definitions
Digraph: Two letters, which make one phoneme. A consonant digraph contains 2 consonants: sh ck th ll A vowel digraph contains at least one vowel: ai ee ar oy
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Definitions
Trigraph: Three letters, which make one phoneme. igh dge

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Definitions
Split digraph: A digraph in which the two letters are not adjacent e.g. make

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Blending and Segmenting

Blending
Pushing the individual phonemes together to pronounce a word. To read unfamiliar words a child must recognise (sound out) each grapheme, not each letter, then merge the phonemes together to make a word
(m-a-n) (b-ir-d )

Segmentation
Hear and say the individual phonemes within words In order to spell, children need to segment a word into its component phonemes and choose a grapheme to represent each phoneme d
ir

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m not m m m m m
Say it clearly, once, unexaggerated Appropriate coverage and practisewhats the right level

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The path
Dog, cat, man, sip, nit... Hiss, peck, back Slip, snap, plug, snuff Sheep, cheap, boy, soil, When, queen, drought, learn, barge,

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Consonant digraphs
ll ss ff zz hill, mess, puff, fizz sh ch th wh ship, chat, thin, whip ng qu ck sing, quick
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CVC Words Watch out!

Words sometimes that are wrongly identifies as CVC words ...

few saw her

bow
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CVC words containing consonant digraphs

ll ss ff zz hill, mess, puff, fizz sh ch th wh ship, chat, thin, whip ng qu ck sing, quick
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ss at the end of a word

Double ss appears at the end of a word when: a short vowel is in the middle of a one-syllable word.

a
mass lass grass

e
mess dress Bess guess Jess less Tess

i
miss kiss hiss

o
moss loss boss Ross toss

u
fuss

bus gas yes this pus

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Why has think got a k at the end and not ck or c?

k sound is preceded by a consonant eg. nk, sk ck is always preceded by a vowel
duck
kick

sock
peck

neck
rack

lock
sick

rock
clock

tick
shock

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Four Part Session

Revisit and review
Teach Practise Apply
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When planning for teaching reading

Focus clearly on developing word recognition skills through:
Phoneme awareness and phonics teaching; Repetition and teaching of tricky words.

Focus clearly on developing language comprehension through:

Talking with children; Reading to children; Teaching comprehension strategies.
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Blending and segmenting

Oral blending Rearrange the phonemes Read words with phoneme buttons Read simple sentences Generate words from a base or given word Spell words Dictation and correction Sounding out in the order of the phonemes

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Reading
Dont accidently miss out the key things you want them to do

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Tool Kit

Phoneme frames Phoneme cards High Frequency word cards Magnetic letters Whiteboards Yes / No cards Puppet
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Running records
Record what the children actually do Need to be done when we read with a child Book should be just hard enough

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Reading books
Changed several times per week Home practise on the right level is essential For older children, ensure that they read every night Let the child be in control, turn the page etc Encourage tracking Give the words if having difficulties , I havent taught you that yet.

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Children with difficulties

Barrington stoke and books that are Children should continue to have support selecting and sometimes read selected books Use running records Read and write in the same session Reading and spelling interchangeable

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Children with difficulties

Parts of words e.g. tion, ment, prefixes and suffixes Identification of syllables is important Manipulating sounds Over learning

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Easy differentiation
Sit the children in phase / ability rows Some children need catch up Try to keep everyone together- over learning is important early on Use whiteboards Add endings eg. Hop, (hopping, hopped)

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Phoneme Frames

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Sound buttons

rain
witch

bright
slaughter

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