FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

TUTORIAL 2 (Solution)
SOLID MECHANICS 2 (BMCS 2333)
SEMESTER 2 SESSI 2005/2006
Mohrs Circle, Strain Transformation and Thin & Thick Cylinder
1.
x
= -15 MPa,
y
= 35 MPa and
x y
=
60. By using Mohrs circle,
a) find principal
stresses and their orientation planes,
and
(75MPa, -55MPa, -33.7, 56.3)
b) find maximum
shear stress and its orientation plane.
(65MPa, 11.3)
Solution
15 35
10
2
avg
MPa
+

,
2
2
15 35
60 65
2
R MPa
_
+

,
X=(-15,-60) , Y=(35,60)
a) 1
75MPa
, 2
55MPa
1
2
2(60)
2 tan 67.4
15 35

, 2
33.7

1
2 67.4 180 112.6 +
, 2
56.3
b) max
65 R MPa
2 67.4 90 22.6
s
+
,
11.3
s

2. A 45 strain rosette (see figure)
mounted on the surface of an
automobile frame that is being tested
gives the following readings: gauge A ,
6
310 10

; gauge B ,
6
180 10

; gauge C ,
6
160 10

. Determine the principal

strains and maximum shear strains.
(332 10
-6
, -182 10
-6
, 515 10
-6
)
Solution
6
0
310 10
x

,
6
90
160 10
y

,
6
45
180 10

( ) ( ) ( )
6 6 6
45 0 90
2 2 180 10 310 10 160 10
xy



+

6
210 10

2 2
6
1,2
310 160 310 160 210
10
2 2 2

1
+ _ _
1 t +

1 , ,
]
( )
6
75 257.4 10

t
6
1
332.4 10


6
1
182.4 10


2 2
6 6 max
310 160 210
10 257.4 10
2 2 2

1
+ _ _
1 +

1 , ,
]
6
max
514.8 10


45
45
x
y
O
C
B
A
(MPa)
(MPa)
X
Y

avg

1

max
0
2
2
2
1
2
s
r
(mm)
75
53
41.4
27.6
0
-13.8
(MPa)
3. A cylindrical tank containing compressed
air has wall thickness 12 t mm and inside
radius 250 r mm (see figure). The
stresses in the wall of the tank acting on
an inclined element have the values
shown in the figure. What is the air
pressure
p
in the tank?
(6.6MPa)
Solution
( )
0.25
10.42
2 2 0.012
x
P r
P P
t

,
0.25
20.83
0.012
y
P r
P P
t

,
0
xy

'
10.42 20.83 10.42 20.83
124 cos 2 0
2 2
x
P P P P

+
+ +
15.625 5.205 cos 2 124 P P .(1)
'
10.42 20.83 10.42 20.83
82 cos 2 0
2 2
y
P P P P

+

15.625 5.205 cos 2 82 P P +
(2)
Solve equation (1) and (2),
6.6 P MPa
124MPa
28MPa
82MPa
r
(mm)
75
53
41.4
27.6
0
-13.8
(MPa)
r
(mm)
416
1173
373
0
-12.6
(MPa)
-150
4. A cylinder of hydraulic jack has
diameter 150mm operated with internal
pressure 13.8Mpa. Determine thickness
of the cylinder wall if maximum tensile
stress that can be afford by the cylinder
material is 41.4MPa.
Also sketch the distribution of hoop
stress and radial stress along the
cylinder wall and determine maximum
shear stress of the cylinder.
(21.97mm,27.6MPa)
Solution
Boundary condition,
At
0.075 r m
,
0
r

At r R ,
13.8
r
MPa
At r R ,
41.4
h
MPa
where R is internal
radius
Therefore,
2
0
0.075
B
A
...(1)

2
13.8
B
A
R

..(2)

2
41.4
B
A
R
+
.(3)
Solve the 3 equations,
13.8 A
,
0.07763 B
,
0.05303 R m
Wall thickness,
75 53.03 21.97 t mm mm mm
At
0.075 r m
, 2
0
r

,
2 2
0.07763
13.8 27.6
0.075
h
MPa +
At
0.053 r m
, 1
13.8
r

,
1 2
0.07763
13.8 41.4
0.05303
h
MPa +
Maximum shear stress,
( )
max
41.4 13.8
27.6
2
MPa


5. A thick cylinder has inside diameter
of 200mm and outside diameter 300mm
was pressurized internally 60Mpa and
externally 30Mpa. Define
a) hoop stress
and radial stress on internal and
external surface of the cylinder, and
b) hoop stress
and radial stress radius r=125mm,
and
(28.56Mpa, -40.56Mpa)
c) maximum and
minimum shear stresses.
(54MPa,24MPa)
Solution
Boundary condition,
At
0.10 r m
,
60
r
MPa
At 0.15 r m ,
30
r
MPa
Therefore,
2
60
0.10
B
A
.(1)

2
30
0.15
B
A
.(2)
Solve the 2 equations,
6.0 A
,
0.54 B
a) Hoop stress, 2
0.54
6
h
r
+
Radial stress,
2
0.54
6
r
r

b) At
0.125 r m
2
0.54
6 28.56
0.125
h
MPa +
2
0.54
6 40.56
0.125
r
MPa
c) At
0.10 r m
,
60
r
MPa
,
2
0.54
6 48
0.10
h
MPa +
At 0.15 r m ,
30
r
MPa
,
2
0.54
6 18
0.15
h
MPa +
Therefore,
( )
max
48 60
54
2
MPa


( )
min
18 30
24
2
MPa


r
(mm)
75
53
41.4
27.6
0
-13.8
(MPa)
h

r
(mm)
416
1173
373
0
-12.6
(MPa)
-150
6. A compound thick cylinder has a bore diameter of 100 mm, a common diameter of
200 mm and outside diameter of 300 mm. The outer tube is shrunk on to the inner
tube, and the radial stress at common surface owing to shrinking is 10 MN/m
2
. If this
compound cylinder is subjected to internal pressure of 150 MN/m
2
, determine:
a) hoop and radial stresses, and
b) sketch the stresses distribution.
Solution
Step 1: (Inner cylinder only, 0.05 0.10 m r m )
0.05
i
R m
,
0.10
o
R m
,
0
i
P
,
10
o c
P P MPa
Boundary condition, at
0.05 r m
,
0
r

at 0.10 r m ,
10
r
MPa
Therefore,
2
0
0.05
B
A
.(1)

2
10
0.10
B
A
.(2)
Solve the two equations,
13.3333 A
,
0.03333 B
Hoop stress,
2
0.03333
13.3333
h
r

Radial stress,
2
0.03333
13.3333
r
r
+
Step 2: (outer cylinder only, 0.10 0.15 m r m )
0.10
i
R m
,
0.15
o
R m
,
10
i c
P P MPa
,
0
o
P
Boundary condition, at
0.10 r m
,
10
r
MPa
at 0.15 r m ,
0
r

Therefore,
2
10
0.10
B
A
.(1)

2
0
0.15
B
A
.(2)
Solve the two equations,
8 A
,
0.18 B
Hoop stress,
2
0.18
8
h
r
+
Radial stress,
2
0.18
8
r
r

Step 3: (Both cylinders, 0.05 0.15 m r m )
0.05
i
R m
,
0.15
o
R m
,
150
i
P MPa
,
0
o
P
Boundary condition, at
0.05 r m
,
150
r
MPa
at 0.15 r m ,
0
r

Therefore,
2
150
0.10
B
A
.(1)

2
0
0.15
B
A
.(2)
Solve the two equations,
120 A
,
2.7 B
Hoop stress,
2
2.7
120
h
r
+
Radial stress,
2
2.7
120
r
r

(MPa) h

(MPa)
R (m) 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.10 0.15
Step
1
0 -10 - -26.7 -16.7 -
Step
2
- -10 0 - 26 16
Step
3
-150 -2.6 0 1200 390 240
S1+S
3
-150 -12.6 - 1173 373 -
S2+S
3
- -12.6 0 - 416 256
S1+S3: For
0.05 0.10 m r m
S2+S3: For 0.10 0.15 m r m
r
(mm)
0.05
416
1173
373
0
-12.6
(MPa)
h
256
-150
0.10 0.15
r