:

10

66

73

77

79

80

81

90

--

--

EXTENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF
INDIVIDUAL EXPERIMENTS IN A
SYSTEMIC APPLICATION OF GREEN
CHEMISTRY VERSUS THEORETICAL
SYSTEMS IN SAUDI ARABIA,
Performing laboratory experiments for the
Curriculum of Principles of Organic
Chemistry, using the technology of green
microscale chemistry in the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia

"





"

**

-----------

1994

19th International
conference on Chemical
Education 'Chemistry
Education for Modern
World', (The foundations
,(of Chemistry
S Korea

0.25

2006

12th Asian Chemical

Congress (12ACC),
Malaysia

0.25

2007

0.25

2007

2007

----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

------

0.25

2007

2007

2009

2000
2008

2.25

0.25

-- 1 - 10:
:
)(1
:
)(2
1994

66 -- 2 -:
ASSESSMENT OF EACH EXPERIMENTS IN THE FIELD OF THE GREEN
SCIENCE EXPERIMENT. A SYSTEMIC APPLICATION BETWEEN THE
THEORETICAL SYSTEM AND THE GREEN CHEMISTRY
EXPERIMENTIAL SYSTEM At SAUDI ARABIA

:( 1)
From our experience in the application of the green chemistry program on the
experiment .Laboratories at secondary school stage in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
since 2002. We find that the use of instrument plastics which supported from South
Africa, has a good interest important in the field of the theoretical system for
chemistry, biology and physics topics. Now day all of the student want to carry the
most of investigation with the apply of the green chemistry on the topics of Faculty
of Education, and on the foundation chemistry for first year at faculty of science at
K.S.A. The promoting of this technique as a support from basidiomycetes or
underpinning everlasting improvement. The following systemic approach (S.D.I ) its
clear cut the relationship between theoretical and practical systems.
The teaching methods for the
strategies continuity between the
teacher and student
Researcher
Scientism and
theoretical
system

Scientific
experiments ,
practical system

Artistry proficiency
Handmade proficiency

Conscience collection
Thinking collection
Proficiency collection
Handmade collection

Ideological proficiency
Scientism proficiency

Student

(S.D.1)
It is clear from the convection of scientific and the information to the student in the
class with easy method, short time by using such the green experimental method in
front of the student. Moreover, with at less exhausted , and well be considered as
environmental friends .C.f. S.D. 2.
Training
Time

Economical

Teacher & Student

Environment
al

The safety and security

(S.D. 2)
In the same way we are taking with many teachers in such field and with the students
about this ideas , and we do a questionnaire with a team workers from King Abdulaziz
University together with Faculty of Education (Man or Girls) and some secondary
schools at Makkah and Jeddah (K.S.A), concerning that, the experiments could be
carrying before each quotient and before illustration of emplaced to realize success
resting an the net of questionnaire. Therefore we wish to distribute to help each
teacher per each state for use its as a reference to elevate the level of teaching.
Appraisal questionnaire of each experiment in the green scientific program
The scientism: .

course: .. The name of exp.: ..

Teacher name: . The purpose from exp.: .............

Observation: .... Results: ... Comments: .......
Put yes or no and/or other suitable symbol on the ration of percentage in the using of the
green scientific technique:

No
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

The rate of suitability exp. at your system

order school
The easy in the run of exp.
The time of demonstrated exp. With
comparable traditional method
The rate of safety and security through the
exp. Running
The rate of pollution obtained from exp.
The rate of approach realization from the exp.
The rate of the significance technique for
pupil student
The chemical quantity used in the exp. With
other method techniques
The ability of the student to accept that exp.
The rate of newness their technique
The rate of positive action at the time of
running with your student civilized action ,
with insert.
Your insert. of laying lay this technique at
your school
The rate in the use of systematic technique for
the binding between the net results of exp .
and the theoretical system
The extent of your opinion for lute of exp.
Result with conclusion study system
The rate of the student assimilation for the
theoretical part in which its supported the
experiment

easy
less in
time

medium

difficult
Long
than

2
2

3
3

4
4

5
5

equal

1
1

2
2

3
3

4
4

Medium
equivale
nt
5
5

Very
little

Little

Strong
ly

Normal

Refused

 :
:

)(2
)(3
Hassan A. H. Al Bar1, Amirah S. Al-Attas2 , Maisaa Mohmed Al-Rawi3 and Ali M.
Hadi4 - 1Dept. of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University. P.O.B. 80203, Jeddah 21589.
& & 2Dept. of Chemistry, Girls Edu. college, Jeddah, P.O.B. 16531 , Jeddah 21474
3
& Dept. of Biology, Girls Edu. college, Makkah, P.O.B. 10122, Makkah 21955
4
Chemistry teacher, Secondary School, Jeddah, P.O.B.108349, Jeddah 21351,

-- 3 - 73:
Performing laboratory experiments for the Curriculum of Principles of
Organic Chemistry, using the technology of green microscale chemistry
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia


) (1 :

2002
) ( Microscale

.

. 1

.

 2 .




.

.
.

% 80
.
.....
.
%95

.
"

" .

.

2
)(2

[
-- 4 - 77:

" "
) (1 :




.



.


.




.



.

:
)(2
:
)(3
2007 .
.
-- 5 - 79:


) (1 :


.


.
.
:
NO2

 H2 O2 -

.....
MBL


.
.

... .



.
)(2
)(3

:
:
3
1 2 -
& 2
& 2 -
-- 6 - 80:

) (1 :



.




.

.
.

.
.


.
)(2

:.

81 -- 7 -:
Performing laboratory experiments for the Curriculum of Principles of
Organic Chemistry, using the technology of green microscale chemistry in
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

:( 1)

Out of the point of cooperation between green chemistry school in Hijaz, kingdom of
Saudi Arabia, with Radmaste center in South Africa and the UNESCO. We applied
the technology of microscale chemistry in performing the experiments of the practical
curriculum of the principles of general organic chemistry including the process of
filtration, simple distillation, crystallization, chromatographic separation, Lassayn
Test , detection of functional groups in organic compounds, and preparation of some
esters by reflux. In addition, to the preparation of acetylene and ethylene gases using
the tools of microscale chemistry.
Radmaste center has provided us with modern microscale tools. The Arabic edition of
the curriculum, sponsored by UNESCO, is available to us. It will be prepared in its
final shape to be published in the website of the organization which is concerned with
the practical curricula of green microscale technology. Ola Abu Ali, Master degree
student, Hanadi Medras, PhD student, and the lecturer Taghreed Al Sufyani in Al Taif
University have performed most of the above mentioned experiments using the
Arabic edition for practical curricula sponsored by UNISCO, by the tools purchased
from Radmaste center in South Africa. The experiments were performed easily and
successfully in a relatively short time in comparison with the traditional laboratory. In
addition, to the higher safety profile of the latter. The cost of the tools is very cheap.
The practical curriculum is available free from UNESCO. The UNESCO made many
of the practical curricula available free on its website in different languages in order to
be published throughout the world. This is out of the principle of positive
globalization of education and enforcement of common concepts between the worlds
societies who are of multiple cultural and religious environments.
Two workshops have been held lately in both Riyadh (the capital of the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia) and Makkah. The opinions of specialists, educational supervisors were
distributed upon them after performing some experiments of the practical curriculum
of the principles of organic chemistry. That was during the functions of the
workshops. Some of the results will be present during the activities of the conference.
A summary of the results will be published, about the questionnaire to the specialists,
about the possibility of application of green microscale chemistry technology within
our curricula of educational and university learning.

:( 2)
:

(3)
Olaa Abu Ali , Taghreed Al-Sufiany , Hanadi Medras , Hassan A. Albar - Faculty of
Education, Om Al Qora University (Makkah), 2Chemistry Department Al Taif
University (Al Taif), 3Faculty of EducationKing Abdulaziz University, 4Faculty of
Sciences-Chemistry Department- King Abdulaziz University ( Jeddah) Saudi Arabia.
1




)(1
.2000
. .
. Zero Cost
" "
)
( ) (
.
.

)(2

2001 2002.

.
.
2001 2002 .
) (

. )
(
)
( .

.

.
) (
)(3



) 2003 . 30 -(.

.


.
. HCl
.
.


)(4
-
24/4/1425 . ) 2004
15(.

.
.
15

.

.
:
.

)(5


- - 9-6 1425
.2005


.

)(6
- 12 1426
) 2005 .(90


.
:
59 ) 4 2 2 51
(
12 1426
)
(
% 75
. % 85
.
.% 85
. % 85
% 90 .

.


:
) (1 % 85
) (2
% 90
) (3 % 95
) (4 % 97

:
) (1 .% 90
) (2 % 95
) (3 % 95
) (4 85
%
) (5 % 85
) (6 % 85
:
) (1
% 90
) (2 % 90
% 95
(1) : ) (2
) (3 ) (4 .
/
% 95

.
-
)(7
14 - .2005

.

)(8
-
14 - ) 2006 50/(.



. :

 :
14 2005

:
,
.

..................:
...................

.................:

) , , , (
)(

: .

20

14

14

12

24

24

14

3
9
3
9
3
9

: .

27

23

3
9
3
9

: :

17
19
23

22
20
16

0
0
0

0
0
0

39

27

11

39

19
18
23
21

18
20
15
18

2
1
1
0

0
0
0
0

39

39

18

20

39

.
.
.
.
.

20
19
14
15
29

16
14
18
21
9

3
6
7
3
1

0
0
0
0
0

39

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.

39
39

39
39

39
39
39
39

 15 .
16 .
17 .

30
37
33

4
2
5

5
0
1

0
0
0

: :

2
37


4
35

......................................................:
.
:. /

39/
" "
3
.


:
/
.
: :

% 90
.
%95
.
: :

.
.
: :
) (1 :
. %60
%40
.
%70
%30
. %50 %50
.
) (2 :

39
39
39


.
) (3 :

/
.
.
) (4
:

:
. . . .
: :
37 ) 39(
35 ) 39(

.
:
) (1 30 : .
) (2 29 :
.
) (3 28 :
.
) (4 25 : .
) (5 25 : .
) (6 25 : .
) (7 16 : .
) (8 :
.
) (9 : ,

)(9
- 29 - 1427
2006 ) 42 (.



.
:

1426

 20 .
:
% 80
(1
%80
.

(2
.

(3
.
101 230
231 232 .

)(10
- - / 4
1427 / 2007 )
55
(.



.
:
:

" "
4 1427

.
36 41 . 13

. 4
. .

.

CD .
) (


.

)

( .
.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

4 1427

/
/























/
/

/
/
/
/



/ /
/

1427 / 4 / 4

 36 41 ) :
(
) (1 .
) 95% (2 .
) (3 .%90
) (4
%90
) (5
%80



4/4/1427.
) (6 36
:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11

12

13
14
15
16
17

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
) .
18

/

(
) .
17

/

(
.
.
.
.
) .
(.

20
20
20

14
13
12

2
2
3

1
1

26

36
36
36
36

22
21
21
27
29
26

9
11
15
8
5
8

5
4

1
2
1

36
36
36
36
36
36
36

18

16

17

15

21
32
26
30

13
2
5
4

1
2
5
1

24

36

17 ) (
%90
) 21( ) 15( :

36
36
36
36
36

 .
.
.
.

)(1
)(2
)(3
)(4
)(5

.
) (6 .
) (7 .
) (8

.
) (9 .
) (10 .

18
) ( :
) (1 .
.
24) . (
) (2 .
.
) 21 ( ] :
%90
[
) (3 ) (
(
) (4 14) . (
) (5 ) .
14 (
) (6 .
12 (
) (7
. 12) .
(
) (8 10) . (
) (9
10) . (
) (10
6) . (
) (11 ) . (
) (12 ) . (
) (13 8) . (
) (14 ) .
(
) (15 .
.
/ 5) .0558855886

(
) (16 .
15 :
) (1 ) (


29) . /(
) (2
26) .
(
) (3 8 25) . (
) (4 / 20) . (
17) . (
) (5 8
) (6 17) . (
) (7 17) .
(
) (8
16) . ( ] :

.[............
) (9 8 15) . (
) (10 12) . (
) (11 12) . (
) (12 10) .
(
) (13 7) .
(
) (14 2 .

13 8 5 :

4 1427

:
: :

1
2
3

9
4
9

4
5
4

0
3
0

0
1
0

13
13
13

: :

1
2

7
4

3
8

2
1

1
0

13
13

1
2
3

4

/
5


6

7

8

7
8
7

6
5
4

0
0
2

0
0
0

13
13
13

10

13

12

13

13

13

13

.
%90 .
:

)(1
36) . /(

)(2

29) .
/(
) (3
.

.
26) .
( ) . . :

-25
27
(.
) (4 .
. 20) .
(
) (5 17) . (
) (6 .
. 15) . (
) (7 .
.
.
15) . (
) (8 )(.
.
15) . (

) (9
.
12) . (
) (10 .
.
.
.
.
12) . (
) (11 .
10) . (
) (12

.

........ 6) .
(
)(13 .

4 )/( :

4 1427


.
: :

1
2
3

2
1
3

2
2
1

0
1
0

0
0
0

4
4
4

 : :

1
2

3
2

1
1

0
1

0
0

4
4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

2
2
2

2
2
1

0
0
1

0
0
0

4
4
4

2
1

2
3

0
0

0
0

4
4

.
:

)(1
14) . (
.
)(2
) . (

)(3
25) . (
) (4 .



:

4 1427

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15


)(11
-
40) 2007 - (.

.

)(12

-
) .2007 100(.


.
.


.

.

)(13
-

2007 )
200 (.


.
.
/
:

)(14
- 11 2008 ) 38
(.

.