Manelle R.

Singzon

CNS

Brain
Spinal
PNS

cord

Cranial

nerves Spinal nerves

1.

Prepare equipment: percussion hammer, tongue depressor, wisps of cotton, test tube of hot and cold water.

2. Wash hands. 3. Greet and identify client. Explain the procedure. 4. Provide for client privacy. 5. Position client appropriately. 6. Note the components of neurological examination. a. Mental status b. Cranial nerve function c. cerebellar function d. motor function e. sensory function f. reflexes

7. Assess mental status. During history taking, determine the following: a. State of consciousness. (alert, somnolent, stuporous or comatose) b. Orientation (person, place and time ) c. Memory (immediate, recent and remote) d. Cognition (calculationd, current events and response to proverbs) e. Judgement and problem solving f. Emotion (mood, affect and confruence to response)

Head Injury Classification: Severe Head Injury---GSC score of 8 or less Moderate Head Injury-- GCS score of 9 to 12 Mild Head Injury--GCS score of 13 to 15

CRANIAL NERVES I II OLFACTORY OPTIC

GENERAL FUNCTION Sensory Sensory

OTHER FUNCTIONS smell vision

III IV
V

OCULOMOTOR TROCHLEAR
TRIGEMINAL

Motor Motor
Mixed

Eyelid and eyeball movement Innervates superior oblique Turns eye downward and laterally
chewing face & mouth touch & pain turns eye laterally controls most facial expressions secretion of tears & saliva taste

VI VII

ABDUCEN FACIAL

Motor Mixed

CRANIAL NERVES VIII ACOUSTIC

GENERAL FUNCTION Sensory

OTHER FUNCTIONS hearing equillibrium sensation taste senses carotid blood pressure Gag reflex, stimulates digestive organs Trapezius muscle Sternocleidomastoid muscle and controls swallowing movements Controls tongue movement

IX

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL

Mixed

VAGUS

Mixed

XI

SPINAL ACCESSORY

Motor

XII

HYPOGLOSSAL

Motor