SABP-A-033 Materials & Corrosion Control Standards

Best Practice
SABP-A-033 Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual 30 March 2013 Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents
Foreword...... 2 1 References. 4 2 Definitions.. 6 Part 1: Basic Requirements and Deployment Activities 1 Introduction.... 8 2 Policy and Strategies..... 11 3 Organization.... 14 4 Deployment Methodology..... 18 5 Review.. 30 6 Central Engineering Review (Appendix 3).. 31 Appendix 1 - Plant Information Required. 33 Appendix 2 - Corrosion Loops Development.. 35 Appendix 3 - CMP Checklist for Self and Central Engineering Reviews.... 37 Part 2: Manage Corrosion Work Processes...... 42 Introduction. 43 Attachment 1 - Manage Corrosion at Design... 47 Attachment 2 - Manage Corrosion at Procurement and Construction..... 47 Attachment 3 - Manage Corrosion at Operate and Maintain. 47 Attachment 4 - Manage Corrosion at Decommissioning 47 Part 3: Damage Mechanism Narratives.. 48 Introduction.... 49
Previous Issue: New Next Planned Update: TBD Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right margin Primary contacts: Sami M. Al-Ghamdi on 880-9573 and/or Abdelhak Kermad on 880-9529
CopyrightSaudi Aramco 2013. All rights reserved.
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Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee SABP-A-033 Issue Date: 30 March 2013 Next Planned Update: TBD Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual
Foreword Corrosion management represents a key component of Saudi Aramcos overall strategy to safeguard plant integrity, reliability and safety. It is founded on the following integrated elements: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Work Processes (Core, Strategic, Tactical, Elemental and Atomic) Risk-Assessment Competency and Training Roles and Responsibilities Technologies Performance Measurement Reviews and Continuous Improvement
The Corrosion Management Program (CMP) is an integral part of Element 5 Asset Integrity of the corporate Safety Management System (SMS). SMS and CMP are integrated tools developed by Saudi Aramco to manage asset performance and maximize plant reliability and utilization without compromise to safety and the environment. This Corrosion Management Program Manual represents the what and how to for deploying corrosion management strategies throughout Saudi Aramco operational facilities. It provides generic guidelines and principles that will require customization to specific plants or units. Process fluids, operating conditions and materials differ from one plant to another. Accordingly, appropriate corrosion control and mitigation strategies will be required to manage corrosion throughout the asset life cycle, i.e., at design, procurement and construction, operation and maintenance, and at decommissioning. Specifically, this manual addresses the operation and maintenance phase of the asset life cycle; however, its contents may also be adapted to address corrosion management during the other phases of the life cycle. It is noted that the biggest impact a corrosion management program may have on the long-term integrity and reliability of a plant is during the design phase. Accordingly, Saudi Aramco documents such as SAEP-14 Project Proposal, SAEP-122 Project Records and SAES-L-133 Corrosion Protection Requirements for Pipelines, Piping and Process Equipment stipulate the development of a CMP for every new project or capital program at the earliest possible stage, based on established guidelines and principles given in these documents. Corrosion failure prevention is best achieved by focusing on the early stages of performance degradation or incipient failure; these stages, termed non-critical failures, will result in critical failures if left unattended or addressed too late. Accordingly, a key theme of CMP is proactivity; this is evident in the development of proactive leading/lagging indicators and Plant Integrity Windows (PIW). These performance metrics and variables represent the Dashboard of corrosion management across Saudi Aramco facilities. Therefore, diligent corrosion prediction and monitoring technologies play a critical role to safeguard the proactive nature of CMP.
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CMP development follows the plan-do-check-act approach. Essentially, corrosion management activities must first be rigorously planned; this planning must be according to the strategies set out by management. Another term for do is strategize. The plans developed must then be followed through or implemented. Another term for do is implement. Once the plans have been put into action, checks must be carried out to ensure that the desired results are achieved, i.e., in the context of CMP, this means Manage Corrosion. Another term for check is analyze. Finally, if analyses or checks show problematic system performance, then rectification is required to restore performance to the desired level or target. This final step would also involve system improvement by deployment of new technologies and updated knowledge. Another term for act is rectify or improve. It is well-established that, without an integrated approach to corrosion management, equipment and piping failures will continue to occur, thus representing potentially major adverse risk to facilities, personnel, environment and company reputation. It is thus paramount that engineers in core engineering disciplines such as process/operation, inspection and reliability/maintenance are conversant with the impact of process operations, inspection and maintenance activities on corrosion. Work processes together with risk assessment, performance measurement, competency/training and performance reviews are developed with integration in mind so that corrosion management becomes everybodys business. The essence of a corrosion management program lies in the deployment and management of procedures and systems to control the day-to-day corrosion related activities. Management of corrosion operates simultaneously at various levels within our organization/facilities, and includes:

a policy and management structure to deal with corrosion issues as part of the overall management process for the facility, documentation and procedures for engineers and managers with responsibility for corrosion as part of the strategy or corrosion plan for the facility, planning and implementation of corrosion control and monitoring activities provision of means for the collection and assessment of site inspection and monitoring data, and a system to review corrosion related activities on a regular basis.
These procedures and systems include engineering reviews, adequate quality assurance and quality control of various aspects of design and construction, recording and trending of monitoring and inspection data, use of condition based strategies and use or risk assessments. This document is considered ever-green. Lessons learned shall be captured and anomalies rectified, thus driving a process of continuous improvement. CMP work processes, technologies, KPI and PIW targets shall be subjected to periodic reviews to ensure incremental improvement in this program.
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References 1.1 Saudi Aramco References Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures SAEP-14 SAEP-20 SAEP-122 SAEP-325 SAEP-343 SAEP-1135 Project Proposal Equipment Inspection Schedule Project Records Inspection Requirements for Pressurized Equipment Risk-Based Inspection On-Stream Inspection Administration
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards SAES-A-007 SAES-H-001 SAES-L-108 SAES-L-132 SAES-L-133 SAES-L-136 SAES-W-011 Hydrostatic Testing Fluids and Lay-Up Procedures Coating Selection and Application Requirements for Industrial Plants and Equipment Selection of Valves Material Selection for Piping Systems Corrosion Protection Requirements for Pipelines, Piping and Process Equipment Pipe, Flange and Fitting Material Requirements Welding Requirements for On-Plot Piping
Saudi Aramco Best Practices SABP-A-001 SABP-A-013 SABP-A-014 SABP-A-015 SABP-A-016 SABP-A-018 SABP-A-019 SABP-A-020 SABP-A-021 Polythionic Acid SCC Mitigation Corrosion Control in Amine Units Atmospheric Oil Degassing, Spheroids and Stabilizers Corrosion Control Chemical Injection Systems Crude Unit Corrosion Control GOSP Corrosion Control Pipeline Corrosion Control Corrosion Control in Sulfur Recovery Units Corrosion Control in Desalination Plants
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SABP-A-025 SABP-A-026 SABP-A-029 SABP-A-036 SAER-2365 SAER-5573 SAER-5659 SAER-5883 SAER-5942 SAER-6403 SAER-6344 SAER-6353 SAER-6384 SAER-6416 1.2
Corrosion Control in Vacuum Distillation Units Cooling Systems Corrosion Control Corrosion Control in Boilers Corrosion Monitoring Best Practice Saudi Aramco Mothball Manual Crude Distillation Unit Overhead Corrosion Study Guidelines for Setting Acceptable, Alarm and Shutdown Vibration Limits Cost of Corrosion in Existing Saudi Aramco Operations Ammonium Bisulfide Corrosion in Hydrocracker and Refinery Sour Water Service Corrosion Control Document JNGLF Fractionation and Treating Modules 1/2/3/4 Corrosion Control Document - ShGP CCD-1 ShGP Gas Treating Units 1/2/3/4 Corrosion Control Document - Yanbu Refinery Continuous Catalytic Regeneration (CCR) Platformer Plant V11 Corrosion Control Doc. - ABQ South Stabilizers Plant 120 Corrosion Control Document JRD Crude Distillation Unit CDU-2
Saudi Aramco Engineering Reports
Industry Codes and Standards American Petroleum Institute API RP 571 API RP 580 API PUB 581 API RP 584 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry Risk Based Inspection Risk-Based Inspection Base Resource Document Integrity Operating Windows
1.3
Publications Saudi Aramco Safety Management System, Loss Prevention Department Qualitative Risk Assessment, Guide Number 02-002-2010, Saudi Aramco Safety Management Guide, Loss Prevention Department, 24 July 2010
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Guidance for Corrosion Management in Oil and Gas Production and Processing, Energy Institute, the Health & Safety Executive (HSE), London, May 2008 2 Definitions Corrosion Loop (CL): A section of a plant defined mainly on the basis of similar process conditions, materials of construction or active/potential damage mechanisms. Corrosion Loop Diagram (CLD): A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) or Materials Selection Diagram (MSD) that is color-coded to reflect the developed corrosion loops. Corrosion Management Program (CMP): Corporate Program developed by CSD/ME&CCD aimed at reducing company cost of corrosion, predicting and preventing failures, improving plant availability, optimizing inspection and monitoring methods, promoting corrosion knowledge management, sustaining and enhancing corrosion prevention improvement, development and deployment of new and existing technologies, corrosion talent development and training, integration with other disciplines such as process, operations, inspection, maintenance and loss prevention. Damage mechanisms (DM): Types of corrosion and materials degradation a corrosion loop may be susceptible to potentially or during operations. Dashboard: Visual display of performance metrics or KPIs with color-codes and drilldown features. Key Performance Indicator (KPI): A measure associated with a specific activity; could be Financial, Internal or Result. Could be categorized as Leading or Lagging. Management of Change (MOC): A systematic process aimed at evaluating and documenting all plant changes and their impact on plant safety, integrity and profitability. Plant Assessment: Engineering review or condition assessment of a specific plant covering operations, inspection, corrosion, maintenance, pressure vessels, piping, fire equipment, electrical and reliability practices. Plant Integrity Window (PIW): A chemical or physical plant parameter with established minimum and maximum values; may be categorized as Safety PIW, Operational PIW or Integrity PIW. Safety Management System (SMS): Corporate document aimed at safeguarding company assets, personnel safety and the environment throughout the full life cycle; based on 11 Elements (including Asset Integrity-Element 5) with objectives, expectations and deliverables Work Process (WP): Series of activities or steps aimed at achieving a set objective, with input and output.
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Part 1: Basic Requirements and Deployment Activities
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Introduction The Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual is structured in three (3) parts as follows:
Part 1: Basic Requirements and Deployment Activities Part 2: Manage Corrosion Work Processes Part 3: Damage Mechanism Narratives 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this manual is to provide guidance to Saudi Aramco operating organizations and engineers involved in the development and implementation of corrosion management systems for upstream and downstream facilities. Effective corrosion management shall result in:

Improved plant integrity and safety Reduced corrosion failures Maximum plant availability Optimized mitigation, monitoring and inspection expenditure Reduced loss profit opportunity
1.2
Scope This manual addresses both upstream and downstream operational facilities. In this document, corrosion management is defined as the part of the overall management system that develops, implements, reviews and maintains the corrosion management policy and strategy. The policy provides a structured framework for corrosion risk identification and the development of appropriate cost-effective mitigation solutions. Corrosion management addresses the management of threats to mechanical integrity arising from mechanisms of material degradation, corrosion and failure, including but not limited to:
Mechanical and metallurgical failure mechanisms graphitization, spheroidization, temper embrittlement, creep, thermal fatigue, vibrationinduced cracking, sigma phase embrittlement, dissimilar metal weld cracking, brittle fracture, etc. Uniform or localized thinning galvanic corrosion, caustic corrosion, CO2 corrosion, amine corrosion, corrosion-under-insulation, microbiologicallyinduced corrosion, etc.
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High temperature corrosion sulfidic corrosion, oxidation, carburization, metal dusting, fuel ash corrosion, etc. Environmental-assisted cracking chloride/caustic/amine/ammonia stress corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, etc.
These mechanisms are all covered in the damage mechanism narratives given in Part 3 of this manual. Importantly, CMP is considered proactive and risk-based. The proactive nature of this program lies in addressing early signs of mechanisms leading to corrosion or partial loss of function of the asset. Accordingly, corrosion prediction and prevention via leading proactive measures or integrity operating windows is paramount to preventing critical failures (Figure 1).
Figure 1 - Failure Classification 1.3 CMP Framework It is important that corrosion management activities are carried out within a structured approach that is visible, understood by all parties and where roles and responsibilities are clearly defined. This manual focuses on corrosion management in the operate & maintain phase of the life cycle. However, it also acknowledges the importance of the design phase in planning and implementing corrosion risk control barriers. The management system model advocated in this manual (Figure 2) is based on the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) model for the management of safetyrelated activity.
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The essential elements of this framework are: 1. Clear Policies and Objectives of the organization (Saudi Aramco) 2. Organizational Structure and Responsibilities of managers and staff within the organization (Central Engineering or Proponent) 3. Corrosion Risk Assessment and Planning of activities according to risk 4. Implementation and Analysis of planned activity and its reported outcome 5. Measure System Performance against pre-determined criteria or targets 6. Systematic and Regular Review of system performance; this provides a feedback loop to improve performance via making appropriate adjustments to policies, objectives, organizational structure/responsibilities, planning, implementation/ analysis or performance measures The first five steps are concerned with the setting up a basic management system, whilst reviews, the sixth step, forms part of a verification system. These elements are addressed in detail in the subsequent sections.
Successful Corrosion Management

Best Practices Engineering Standards Industry Standards Accountabilities Competency Training Likelihood & Consequences Criticality Inspection & Maintenance Plans Corrosion Management Strategy
Policy & Strategies
Organization & Responsibilities
Risk Assessment
Planning & Implementation
Review, Correct Update
Management of Change
Monitor Trends Anomaly Tracking Key Performance Indicators Review
Performance Measurement Review of Performance
Yes Satisfactory Performance
No
Figure 2 - Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Framework
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Policy and Strategies Effective policy and strategies set a clear direction for the Saudi Aramco organization to follow, aiming at the elimination of corrosion failures and an improvement of mechanical integrity and safety. CMP policy reflects the vision of Saudi Aramco and a genuine commitment to action. Strategies provide the means by which the policy is implemented. Policy and strategies should be widely communicated in awareness campaigns. 2.1 Saudi Aramco Corrosion Management Policy Saudi Aramco is committed to preventing and managing corrosion of its plants and assets to ensure that the Company's vision is to remain the most reliable supplier of energy to the World and a steward of safety and the environment. The management of corrosion shall be led by a formalized strategy resulting in an integrated Corrosion Management Program (CMP). Saudi Aramco will deploy the most effective and modern predictive, diagnostic and data management techniques to ensure that the risks associated with the corrosion failure of plant are fully understood and maintained As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) throughout the asset life-cycle. To achieve this, Saudi Aramco shall ensure that:

The roles and responsibilities associated with planning, implementing, maintaining and improving corrosion management are clearly defined. The competencies required to perform these roles and discharge these responsibilities are defined and the staff fulfilling these roles are fully competent and fully aware of their responsibilities. The risks associated with the corrosion failure of plant are identified and managed so as to remain ALARP. Assets are designed, procured, fabricated, installed and commissioned in accordance with approved processes, specifications and standards. The handover of new plant to operations is effectively managed through Management of Change (MOC) processes, including the provision of appropriate documentation and training requirements required to operate the plant safely and effectively. Plant assets are operated within their design envelope and proactive detection technologies are utilized to ensure that any deterioration or noncompliance that could affect the integrity of assets are reported, assessed and actions taken. Activities designed to manage threats to the corrosion of assets are not unduly compromised by cost, scheduling or production targets.
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Management of Change processes are used so that corrosion risks associated with any changes (e.g., hardware, software, processes, procedures or manning levels etc.) that might affect the integrity of the assets are assessed and approved prior to implementation. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are developed to model and measure the effectiveness of the corrosion management processes and facilitate the implementation of proactive corrosion management methodologies. All corrosion failures, incidents or near misses related to corrosion are thoroughly investigated to determine root causes and any lessons learnt are communicated across the Company. Contractors and manufacturers/suppliers are regularly surveyed and selected so that they share our corrosion management program goals and can perform their assigned duties and tasks safely and effectively. Corrosion management processes are subject to regular reviews. Corrosion data visualization and knowledge management systems are implemented to allow for both continuous improvement and effective knowledge sharing.
2.2
Strategies Most practices and procedures employed for the control of corrosion in operational facilities involve proven technology that is generally accepted worldwide. These can be considered as the tactical aspects or corrosion control options:

Materials Selection (steels, corrosion resistant alloys, non-metallics) Chemical Treatments (caustic, neutralizers, inhibitors, biocides, cleaning) Coatings (metallic, non-metallic and organic paints) Cathodic Protection (galvanic or impressed current) Process & Environmental Control (capacity, flaring, waste water treatment) Corrosion Monitoring (coupons, probes, process variables)
Other tactical processes include Failure Analysis to identify root causes of asset deficiencies and modes of failure, with the objective to prevent failure recurrence. In addition, risk assessment methods such as Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) are aimed at inspection optimization based on corrosion risk levels. This practice is undertaken on new builds to identify corrosion threats and formulate corrosion mitigation barriers. It is also undertaken on existing facilities for inspection optimization and risk reduction. Other special assessment methods include Fitness-For-Service (FFS) and Remaining Life Assessment (RLA); these methods
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are deployed to assess metal loss, crack/defect significance and predict remaining useful life of assets operating under time-dependent damage mechanisms. All above options are used either singly or in combination; the selection depends on the specific application (the structure/materials & loads, service life) and the corrosivity of local environments (crude slate, atmosphere, seawater, process fluids, etc.). Saudi Aramco corrosion management strategies are mapped out in multi-level work processes, namely, strategic, tactical, elemental and atomic. The processes for the operate & maintain phase are given in Part 2. Processes for other phases of the asset life cycle, i.e., design, procurement & construction, and decommissioning are also included in Part 3 of this manual for appropriate usage. In addition to the above corrosion control strategies, Saudi Aramco is committed to ensure that talent development shall play a key role in CMP deployment. Accordingly, competency maps (CMaps) and career path plans have been developed to ensure that central and plant corrosion engineers benefit from a rich program of training, coaching and mentoring to reach specialist development status after a period of approximately 10 years; this is achieved through the Specialist Development Program (SDP). Training is regularly offered through the companys Professional Engineering Development Division (PEDD). The Corrosion Engineering Development Program (COE-300) is an all-in corrosion course offered to Plant Engineers over a period of three months. Saudi Aramco continuously encourages engineers to obtain certification with reputable materials and corrosion bodies such as NACE International and ASM International. Accordingly, engineers are routinely enrolled to obtain appropriate certifications, as follows:

Corrosion Specialist - NACE Corrosion Senior Technologist - NACE Internal Corrosion Technologist - NACE Corrosion Technologist - NACE Chemical Treatment Specialist - NACE Material Selection/Design Specialist - NACE Protective Coatings Specialist - NACE/SSPC Protective Coating Technologist - NACE/SSPC Protective Coating Inspector - NACE/SSPC Cathodic Protection Specialist - NACE Cathodic Protection Technologist - NACE Cathodic Protection Technician - NACE
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Cathodic Protection Tester - NACE Material Selection and Design - ASM Failure Analysis - ASM Heat Treatment - ASM Non Metallic Testing and Characterization - ASM Metallic Coatings - ASM Metallography - ASM Welding - AWS/TWI(CSWIP)
Knowledge sharing and knowledge management complement the above training and development activities. Saudi Aramcos knowledge sharing portal ShareK provides a platform for Communities of Practice (CoP) to discuss and share corrosion issues and company major corrosion challenges. ShareK also serves as repository or library for corrosion technical literature, reports and presentation material. Engineers have also access to multiple electronic materials and corrosion resources through the companys Technical Information Center (TIC), e.g., SAI Global, ASM online, Corrosion Source, Energy Institute, Emerald, Engineering Encyclopedia, Metalinfo, ScienceDirect, OnePetro; and through corporate memberships with TWI, EPRI and PRCI. Technical exchange meetings at local and regional level are also routinely held to allow engineers from central engineering and plants to network and exchange ideas. Corrosion technology development is another mature strategy employed at Saudi Aramco through the companys technology program. Engineers are encouraged to develop Technology Items (TIs) via local research and development or via partnering with outside organizations through single or Joint Industry Projects (JIPs). To complement the above strategies, a focus on company major corrosion challenges is a must. Chronic corrosion issues pausing disruption risks to plant operations or safety shall be addressed as a matter of priority and recommendations developed to eliminate these problems and prevent recurrence. 3 Organization 3.1 Introduction Effective management structure and corrosion management practices are essential requirements for the delivery of policy and strategies. The establishment of a vibrant corrosion culture invariably leads to improved asset integrity and personnel safety.
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The management of corrosion is a concern which extends beyond the responsibilities of corrosion and materials engineers. Whilst they should provide advice during both the design and operational phases, they are dependent upon the co-operation of other disciplines if an installations projected design life is to be achieved. The model below (Figure 3) provides a framework for that co-operation and for optimizing the contribution the corrosion and materials engineers make to an organization.
Figure 3 - Corrosion Information Flow in Projects 3.2 Deployment Structure CMP deployment to operating facilities shall be structured along the guidelines given below. A CMP deployment organization chart is given in Figure 4 below. Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and engineers from the following disciplines shall be involved, as appropriate: Central Engineering

Corrosion Materials & Welding Coatings Chemical Treatment Cathodic Protection

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Proponent

Corrosion Inspection / OSI Risk Based Inspection Coordination Process & Operations Technical Support
Corrosion Specialist
Materials & Welding Specialist
CMP Team Leader
Coatings Specialist
Chemical & Water Treatment Specialist
Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Champion (CSD/ME&CCD Division Head)
Cathodic Protection Specialist
Plant Corrosion Engineer
Plant Inspection Engineer/OSI Coordinator
Plant CMP Leader
Plant RBI Coordinator
Plant Process/ Operations Engineer
Plant Technical Support Engineer
Figure 4 - CMP Deployment Organization Structure 3.3 Roles and Responsibilities Central Engineering CMP Team:
CMP Team Leader Reports to CMP Champion, tasked with overall CMP deployment coordination, execution and single point of contact proponent champion; responsible for delivery of CCD and CMP training to facility.
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Corrosion Specialist (may also play the role of CMP Team Leader) Reports to CMP Team Leader; tasked with addressing all corrosion issues; works with all other engineers on materials / corrosion / welding / coating / chemical & water treatment / cathodic protection / inspection / operations issues, development of corrosion loops, undertaking of plant assessment and development of recommendations, PIWs, KPIs and dashboard, customization of damage mechanism narratives and development of CCD. Materials & Welding Specialist (may also play the role of CMP Team Leader) Reports to CMP Team Leader; tasked with addressing all materials & welding issues; works closely with central engineering corrosion specialist and proponent representatives on matters listed in 3.3.2 above. Coatings Specialist Reports to CMP Team Leader; tasked with addressing all coating issues; works closely with central engineering corrosion specialist and proponents representatives on corrosion / chemical treatment / inspection / maintenance / operations issues. Chemical & Water Treatment Specialist Reports to CMP Team Leader; tasked with addressing all chemical cleaning and water treatment issues; works closely with central engineering corrosion specialist and proponent representatives on corrosion / chemical & water treatment / inspection / maintenance / operations issues. Cathodic Protection Specialist Reports to CMP Team Leader; tasked with addressing all cathodic protection issues; works closely with central engineering corrosion specialist and proponent representatives on corrosion / inspection / maintenance / operations issues.
Proponent:
Plant CMP Leader Reports to Plant CMP Champion and acts as the single point of contact, tasked with coordination of all CMP deployment activities in conjunction with the Central Engineering CMP Team Leader; responsible for delivery of all plant information/data/logistics to Central Engineering CMP Team Leader and execution/self-review of future CMP deployment. Plant Corrosion Engineer (may also play the role of Plant CMP Leader) Reports to Plant CMP Leader; tasked with provision of updated corrosion documentation and data, development of major corrosion challenges list, corrosion historical review, joint development of corrosion recommendations with the central engineering corrosion specialist, development of PIWs/KPIs/dashboard, participation in corrosion loop development and RBI study, customization of damage mechanism narratives, review of CCD and deployment of CMP to other units.
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Plant Inspection Engineer/OSI Coordinator Reports to Plant CMP Leader; tasked with compiling inspection history review, provision of updated equipment and piping inspection/OSI data, participation in RBI study and review of CCD. Plant RBI Coordinator Reports to Plant CMP Leader; tasked with provision of RBI data and results to the Plant CMP Leader. Plant Process/Operations Engineer Reports to Plant CMP Leader; tasked with provision with all process information, access to PI system, participation in corrosion loop development, development of PIWs/KPIs/Dashboard and review of CCD. Plant Technical Support Engineer Reports to Plant CMP Leader; tasked with provision of maintenance history, welding repair recommendations and T&I history.
Deployment Methodology CMP deployment must follow the Plan-Do-Check-Act approach so that lessons learned are captured/exploited and continuous improvement achieved at subsequent deployments. For this, the corporate CMP Database is designed to capture major corrosion challenges, potential damage mechanisms, performance measures, corrosion management strategies, technologies and recommendations. This database also serves as a tracking system for reviews and recommendation implementation. Deployment activities are listed below (Figure 7). 4.1 Pre-Deployment

Appoint team leader Form a team Assign roles and responsibilities Develop scope of work and timeline (Example Gantt chart is given in Figure 5) Plan logistics Request plant information (Appendix 1) o o o o Asset list; critical equipment list Inspection history, post-T&I reports Process Description, PFDs, P&IDs Material Selection Diagrams (MSDs), corrosion circuits, corrosion monitoring reports o Chemical injection/treatment programs, controls and historical performance data from chemical alliance
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o o o o o
Internal/external/consultant reports Incident investigation, failure/root cause analysis reports Risk-Based Inspection reports Life assessment reports Corrosion review reports
Conduct CMP Introductory Presentation Prior to deployment, the CMP Team Leader shall conduct an awareness presentation, covering the following: o o o o o o o o CMP Objectives CMP Methodology and Benefits CMP Strategies CMP Framework CMP Deliverable Unit-specific Corrosion Control Document Deployment Plan Proponent Requirements CMP Deployment Timeline
4.2
Deployment 4.2.1 Work Process Gap Analysis Perform Operate & Maintain work process gap analysis, focusing on:

Procedures Competency Roles & Responsibilities
This activity shall contrast existing corrosion management work processes with those described in Part 2 of this CMP Manual. This exercise shall involve the participation of Central Engineering and Proponent Engineers in a workshop discussing all operate & maintain work processes and documenting gaps that may exist at the facility. The deliverable from this activity shall list all gaps identified and an action plan to address these gaps. These gaps may consist of procedural rectifications, tools & technology implementation, performance measurement or human resources development. It is noted that some of the manage corrosion work processes for operate & maintain include the following:
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Develop corrosion management strategy Perform corrosion risk assessment Plan for process stream monitoring Develop corrosion control strategy Develop corrosion monitoring strategy
The full work processes are given in process maps in Part 2 of this CMP Manual. 4.2.2 Plant Information Review Review plant information, focusing on:

Major corrosion challenges Inspection/Repair/Replacement failure history Incident investigations Process upsets Process variables Operational practices
4.2.3
Plant Assessment Perform plant assessment, focusing on major corrosion challenges, locations exhibiting corrosion classes 0 and 1 (SAEP-1135), chronic fouling areas and equipment/piping nearing their end of life. The following lists key relevant items to check:

Corrosion monitoring systems, performance reports Changes in process operating parameters, capacities and any future plans regarding feed quality Maintenance and reliability reports, bad actor lists, failure reports and other statistics including replacement frequencies Comparative analysis between operating and design parameters (temperature, pressure, flow and composition, etc.) Coatings and non-metallics use and performance Cathodic Protection performance
This exercise shall also include trending of critical operational/integrity variables such as:

metal temperatures process temperatures/pressures/delta T/delta P

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flow rates water wash rates corrosion inhibitor dosage rates corrosion/erosion/thinning rates excess oxygen for fired equipment Stream analysis (pH, H2S, CO2, NH3, Cl-, O2, pH2, salts, etc.)
The deliverable from this plant assessment task shall include appropriate recommendations addressing proactively all corrosion, materials degradation and fouling issues encountered in this exercise.
Figure 5 - Example Gantt Chart for a CMP Deployment 4.2.4 Corrosion Risk Assessment In this CMP Manual, risk and criticality are used interchangeably. Risk assessment is an integral part of CMP. This permits the prioritization of assets based on their criticality levels and the development of appropriate integrity strategies. In assessing risks, the following aspects shall be considered:

Safety Financial
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Environmental Reputation
Two methods are proposed to address risk assessment:

Apply RBI (Quantitative) study results, if available, or Apply Loss Prevention Department Qualitative Risk Assessment Guide No. 02-002-2010. It is noted that this guide is qualitative in nature and as such considerable corrosion expertise is required to adequately identify probability of corrosion failure.
A generic 5x5 risk matrix is shown in Figure 6 below. Tables 1 and 2 provide the definition of likelihood and consequence/severity required to estimate the risks. Table 1 provides guidance for frequency estimation for each identified hazard that will be based historical data as well as engineering judgment. Table 2 provides guidance for consequence estimation of each identified hazard, in terms of impact on people (safety), environment, financial, reputation, all estimated using engineering judgment. Once the frequency and consequence are analyzed, a risk level can be obtained for each hazard, by plotting the frequency and consequence in the risk matrix. This risk can be compared against risk criteria given in Table 3, so that its tolerability can be judged.
Figure 6 - Risk Matrix
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Table 1 - Likelihood / Frequency
Table 2 - Severity / Consequence
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Table 3 - Risk / Tolerability Criteria (applies to Risk Matrix)
4.2.5
Corrosion Loops (Appendix 2) Develop corrosion loops as follows:

Review process, operating/design/start-up/shutdown/catalyst regeneration/upset conditions, contaminants Identify the materials of construction Identify active and potential damage mechanisms Develop corrosion loops
4.2.6
Plant Integrity Windows (PIWs) Develop PIWs focusing on mechanical and chemical variables affecting corrosion/material degradation, e.g., metal temperature, velocity, differential pressure, pH, contaminant or corrodent concentration (chlorides, H2S, CO2, caustic, oxygen, ammonium chloride, ammonium bisulfide, ammonium chloride, hydrogen partial pressure, etc.). Attention shall also be given to operating conditions at start-up, shutdown or end of run scenarios which may be life limiting. API RP 584 provides guidance on PIW or Integrity Operating Windows (IOWs).
4.2.7
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Develop KPIs relevant to corrosion performance measurement, focusing on number of critical failures, Thickness Measurement Locations (TMLs) showing Corrosion Classes 0 and 1, lost profit opportunity,
4.2.8
Damage Mechanism Narratives The active and potential damage mechanisms derived during the Corrosion Loop workshop require customization. For this, the generic damage mechanism narratives given in Part 3 of this CMP Manual shall be
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used as a basis but modified to address specific asset issues such as material of construction, corrosion control measures, inspection / monitoring techniques, KPIs and PIWs. 4.2.9 CMP Dashboard The CMP Dashboard is a visual display of the KPIs and PIWs showing targets, compliance, impact of deviations and actions to rectify these deviations and restore integrity. Ideally, three CMP Dashboards shall be developed as follows:

Vice President Dashboard (Highest Level) Manager Dashboard (High Level) Superintendent Dashboard (Medium Level) Supervisor and Engineer Dashboard (Detailed Level)
Examples of previously developed CMP Dashboards are given in Tables 4 7. They show the compliance/deviation of 4 parallel gas treating (GT) units. 4.2.10 Corrosion Management Strategies and Technologies Appropriate corrosion management strategies, beyond those already existing and practiced at the plant, shall be identified together with any new or existing technologies that will make an impact on the proactive corrosion management process at the facility. These may include, but not limited to, corrosion monitoring, corrosion protection (organic coating, strip lining, weld overlay, thermal spray coating, cathodic protection), corrosion prediction (software), life assessment, material selection, statistical analysis, etc. 4.2.11 Closure Presentation CMP deployment activities at proponent site shall conclude with a closure technical presentation highlighting to plant management preliminary findings and the following key points:

CMP methodology Work Process gap analysis findings Major historical corrosion challenges Key corrosion threats, identified via the corrosion loop workshop Risk assessment findings Preliminary PIWs/KPIs
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Corrosion management strategies & technologies Path forward (remaining activities/assessments, action plan to replicate CMP on other units at facility (including prioritization criteria)
4.2.12 Draft Corrosion Control Document (CCD) A draft CCD shall be developed and submitted for plant proponent review. 4.2.13 Final CCD - Main CMP Deliverable Upon receipt of proponent review comments from the draft CCD, a final CCD shall be developed and submitted to proponent as main CMP deliverable. This deliverable shall then be posted on Saudi Aramco Standards website for access within the company and future reference.
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Figure 7 - CMP Deployment Chart

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Table 4 - Vice President CMP Dashboard VP Dashboard

# Performance Measure % of RBI studies completed compared to plan Lost Profit Opportunity (LPO) resulting from Corrosion Failures Timescale Target Method GT# 1 GT# 2 GT# 3 GT# 4 Deviation Impact
Yearly
100%
Operating Plan
Integrity, Safety
Yearly
Manufacturing & Planning
Profitability
Table 5 - Manager CMP Dashboard Manager Dashboard

# Performance Measure % of RBI studies completed compared to plan Lost Profit Opportunity (from corrosion failures) ($MM) Corrosion Failures (critical) (#) Timescale Yearly Target 100% Method Operating Plan GT# 1 GT# 2 GT# 3 GT# 4 Deviation Impact Integrity, Safety
Semiannually Semiannually
Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report
Profitability Mechanical Integrity, Plant Utilization, Plant Availability
Table 6 - SuperintendentDashboard CMP Dashboard Superintendent

# Performance Measure % of RBI studies completed compared to plan Lost Profit Opportunity (from corrosion failures) ($MM) Corrosion Failures (critical) (#) PIWs within Limits (%) Timescale Target Method GT# 1 GT# 2 GT# 3 GT# 4 Deviation Impact
Yearly
100%
Operating Plan
Integrity, Safety
Semiannually Semiannually Daily
Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report PIW Dashboard
Profitability Mechanical Integrity, Plant Utilization, Plant Availability PIW Dashboard Erosion-Corrosion, Amine Corrosion, General Corrosion, Under-Deposit Corrosion, Sour Water Corrosion
3 4
0 100
TMLs > 5MPY (Class 0, 1, 2) (%)
Quarterly
UT Scanning
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Table 7 - Supervisor/Engineer Dashboard CMP Dashboard Supervisor/Engineer

# Performance Measure % of RBI studies completed compared to plan Lost Profit Opportunity (from corrosion failures) ($MM) Corrosion Failures (critical) (#) PIWs within Limits (%) Timescale Yearly Target 100% Method Operating Plan GT# 1 GT# 2 GT# 3 GT# 4 Deviation Impact Integrity, Safety
Semiannually Semiannually Daily
Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report PIW Dashboard
Profitability Mechanical Integrity, Plant Utilization, Plant Availability PIW Dashboard Erosion-Corrosion, Amine Corrosion, General Corrosion, Under-Deposit Corrosion, Sour Water Corrosion Erosion-Corrosion Amine Corrosion Amine Corrosion Amine Corrosion, Amine SCC Amine Corrosion, Amine SCC Amine Corrosion Amine Corrosion
3 4
0 100
TMLs > 5MPY (Class 0, 1, 2) (%)
Quarterly
UT Scanning
Sour Feed Gas Throughput (MMSCFD) Lean DGA Strength 7 (%) Rich DGA Strength 8 (%) Lean DGA Acid Gas 9 Loading (mole/mole) Rich DGA Acid Gas 10 Loading (mole/mole) 11 Oxygen in DGA (ppb) 12(1) pH of Lean DGA 6
Daily Monthly Monthly Monthly
550 (max) 50 50 0.07
Flow Meter
Acid-Base Titration Acid-Base Titration
Monthly
Monthly Monthly
0.4
5 9.5 Oxygen Sensor pH Meter
Mainly Sea Water Chemical Treatment
Significant (negative) deviation from target Moderate (negative) deviation from target Compliance with or exceeds target
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Review 5.1 Performance Review Performance review refers to the overall review of the Corrosion Management Program. Systematic reviews of performance based on data from corrosion monitoring and other enablers permits Saudi Aramco to continuously improve the CMP program via constant development of the policy, strategies and work processes. This will also ensure compliance with the changing business and operational plans and changing production requirements. Facilities, via the Plant CMP Leader, are required to conduct periodic (monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually) performance reviews on their facilities. The scope and frequency of this performance review shall be as follows:
Performance reviews shall involve all key players, including contractors or chemical suppliers Performance reviews shall include: o o o o o o o
Procedures and work processes PIWs deviation and corrective actions KPIs deviations and corrective actions Talent development/competency/training assessment Technology deployment/Corrosion management systems Asset condition/integrity Documentation and knowledge management
The benefits of new techniques or technology shall also be considered Performance review report shall include all good performance and promote good practices.

Performance review report shall include all corrective actions for the program and feedback into the strategy. Performance review report shall be shared with all participants in the corrosion management activity both down the line and upwards to management within the facility. The plant manager shall receive a copy of the report or an executive summary. Performance review report shall also be sent to Central Engineering CMP Team Champion at least 1 month prior to the Central Engineering CMP Review.
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5.2
Self Review 5.2.1 Perform CMP self-review after 2 years from the first deployment and every 2 years thereafter, using check-list (Appendix 3). This self-review shall be carried out by the plant proponent at least 2-months prior to the Central Engineering review, focusing on:
CMP Dashboard (KPIs/PIWs) deviation and corrective actions i. ii. iii. Asset condition/integrity Proactive performance detection Plant availability, performance and utilization
Technology deployment Corrosion Human Resource (HR) review Documentation and knowledge management
5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4

Note:
Perform Central Engineering review, focusing on the above items Issue Central Engineering review report Update Central Engineering CMP Database
For CMPs deployed locally by facilities themselves, the self-review shall be carried by the plant proponent and the review by Central Engineering.
Central Engineering Review (Appendix 3) The purpose of the reviews is to ensure that the CMP is efficient, effective and reliable, and that the work processes and activities are being implemented in accordance with the procedures. Review findings shall be used to improve the CMP and, where appropriate the corrosion management strategies. 6.1 The scope of the reviews should provide:
Assurance that the CMP includes all essential elements as stipulated in this CMP Manual Assurance that the implemented activities provide suitable barriers to the corrosion threats and suitable monitoring to measure performance Assurance that the CMP activities are implemented in accordance with their documented procedures, and Input into reviews of performance. 6.2 Reviews shall be carried out in accordance with the checklist given in Appendix 3 and on the basis of objective evidence of compliance.
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6.3 6.4 6.5
Both internal and contractor led activity, e.g., chemical vendor, should be subject to this review. Self-reviews shall be carried out by the Plant CMP Leader or plant corrosion engineer. Reviews shall be carried by the Central Engineering CMP Team Leader or Corrosion Subject Matter Expert assisted by another engineer, both with competence in review practice and understanding of corrosion management strategies. The Central Engineering CMP review team shall be independent of both operational and functional teams that are directly involved in implementing the CMP for the facility concerned. Reviews shall be carried out on a planned schedule developed by Central Engineering CMP Champion, as follows:
6.6
6.7
Reviews shall be carried out every 2 years Self-reviews shall also be carried out every 2 years, 2 months prior to the review by Central Engineering. 6.8 Central Engineering may bring forward a review if there is evidence of serious non-compliance that poses a threat to the effectiveness of the CMP and safety. In the event that non-compliance is detected, corrective action shall be agreed with the plant CMP leader or corrosion engineer and their management. Review reports shall be made available to the facility management and Central Engineering CMP Champion, his management, i.e., in this case Consulting Services Department (CSD) Manager and supervisors of the review team. Corrective action shall be recorded in the Central Engineering CMP Database that enables implementation, overdue actions and close out to be identified and tracked. Facility management and those responsible for actions shall receive regular reports from the Central Engineering CMP Champion on progress towards close out.
6.9
6.10
30 March 2013
Revision Summary New Saudi Aramco Best Practice.
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Appendix 1 - Plant Information Required A1. Materials, Welding and Corrosion Periodic Corrosion Control and Chemical Treatment Vendor Reports Corrosion Monitoring Locations/Data Fitness for Service / Life Assessment Study Reports Listing of PIW or Integrity Operating Windows (IOW) with targets Corrosion, Cracking and Fouling Problems Historical CP Surveys Coatings Performance and Repair Boiler Condition Assessment reports Corrosion loops, annotated with damage mechanisms Leakage history Injection point program Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) strategy and plan List of past failures associated with materials, welding or corrosion A2. Inspection Requirements Critical Piping list List of Piping class Equipment inspection history and piping replacement Documentation for all inspection programs, dead legs, small bore piping/nipples and drains, corrosion under insulation Access to SAIF & corrosion isometrics drawings Inspection unit audit reports Post/Latest T&I reports A3. Process Engineering Operating Manuals and process description Design feed characteristics Product specifications and properties Material and Heat Balances Battery limit conditions Process upset history
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A4. General Process Flow Diagrams (PFD), P&IDs Plant Equipment List Equipment technical information, SIS, design drawings, as built drawings Complete list of changes made in system within the past 5-10 years. Failure Analysis Reports Incident Investigations and near miss reports Risk Based Inspection/Assessments Studies Due Diligence Reports Engineering Service Agreement Reports Insurance Survey Reports Integrity and Reliability Studies Bad Actor/Problem List Critical Equipment Plans Previous assessment reports Historical Capacity/Process Changes Previous engineering recommendations and status of implementation Loss Prevention Compliance Reviews Safety Management System Reports HAZOP Studies
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Appendix 2 - Corrosion Loops Development A1. Definition A corrosion loop (CL) is a section of a plant defined mainly on the basis of: similar process conditions or materials of construction or active/potential damage mechanisms
Thus, a CL may contain different materials of construction and operational conditions, but common damage mechanisms. On the other hand, a damage mechanism (DM) is a type of corrosion and materials degradation a CL may be susceptible to potentially or during operations. The damage mechanisms (DMs), defined in Part 3 of this CMP Manual, are applicable to Saudi Aramco are based on international standards but were customized to account for our operational experiences and to include other Saudi Aramco upstream processes. During CMP deployment, damage mechanisms are usually customized to account for individual units process streams, metallurgy, operating conditions, and inspection findings. Since there are continuous efforts to enhance our plants safety and profitability, the CLs/DMs need to be evergreen (continuously reviewed and updated) to account for these changes to be effective. A2. Use of Corrosion Loops Corrosion Loops are used by Corrosion, Inspection and Process Engineers to assure Mechanical/Operational integrity of the plant, more specifically to aid in developing and deploying CMP. They are also used in Risk-Based Inspection (RBI), Plant Integrity Windows (PIW), On-Stream Inspection (OSI) Optimization and Saudi Aramco Chemical Optimization Program (SACOP). A3. When is a Corrosion Loops developed? Since 2009, the development of corrosion loops has been mandated, as part of new projects Corrosion Management Program, as mandated in SAES-L-133 Corrosion Protection Requirements for Pipelines, Piping and Process Equipment. For facilities existing prior to 2009, Central Engineering CMP Team is developing/reviewing the corrosion loops in two (2) units per year with the intent to train Plant CMP Team to develop the corrosion loops and deploy CMP in other major units within their facilities.
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A4. Corrosion Loop Development Corrosion loops are considered the heart of CMP. The corrosion loop methodology is implemented at Saudi Aramco to break down a plant into manageable sections that can also be used in a RBI study, PIW development, OSI optimization and SACOP. For each corrosion loop, information is provided addressing the following: Brief process description (fluids, corrosives, temp., pressures, control measures, etc.) Corrosion loop description Major equipment and pipings materials of construction Listing of all applicable damage mechanisms A corrosion loop diagram (CLD) is a color-coded drawing of the unit showing main process streams, major equipment/piping, materials of construction, and applicable damage mechanism. An example of a typical CLD is shown in Figure A1 below. For examples of corrosion loops, please refer to already developed online Corrosion Control Documents (SAER-6344, SAER-6353, SAER-6384, SAER-6403, and SAER-6416).
Figure A1 - Example Corrosion Loop Diagram (CLD)
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Appendix 3 - CMP Checklist for Self and Central Engineering Reviews This section details the process of self and central engineering reviews of the CMP. The purpose of the reviews is to ensure that the CMP is efficient, effective and reliable, and that the work processes and activities are being implemented in accordance with the procedures. Review findings shall be used to improve the CMP and, where appropriate the corrosion management strategies. A1. The scope of the reviews should provide: Assurance that the CMP includes all essential elements as stipulated in this CMP Manual Assurance that the implemented activities provide suitable barriers to the corrosion threats and suitable monitoring to measure performance Assurance that the CMP activities are implemented in accordance with their documented procedures, and Input into reviews of performance. A2. Reviews shall be carried out in accordance with the checklist given in Table A1 and on the basis of objective evidence of compliance. A3. Both internal and contractor led activity, e.g., chemical vendor, should be subject to this review. A4. Self-reviews shall be carried out by the plant CMP Leader or plant corrosion engineer. A5. Reviews shall be carried by the Central Engineering CMP Team Leader or Corrosion Subject Matter Expert assisted by another engineer, both with competence in review practice and understanding of corrosion management strategies. A6. The Central Engineering CMP review team shall be independent of both operational and functional teams that are directly involved in implementing the CMP for the facility concerned. A7. Reviews shall be carried out on a planned schedule developed by Central Engineering CMP Champion, as follows: Reviews shall be carried out every 2 years Self-reviews shall also be carried out every 2 years, 2 months prior to the review by Central Engineering. A8. Central Engineering may bring forward a review if there is evidence of serious noncompliance that poses a threat to the effectiveness of the CMP and safety. In the event that non-compliance is detected, corrective action shall be agreed with the plant CMP leader or corrosion engineer and their management. A9. Review reports shall be made available to the facility management and Central Engineering CMP Champion, his management, i.e., in this case Consulting Services Department (CSD) Manager and supervisors of the review team. A10. Corrective action shall be recorded in the Central Engineering CMP Database that enables implementation, overdue actions and close out to be identified and tracked. Facility management and those responsible for actions shall receive regular reports from the Central Engineering CMP Champion on progress towards close out.
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Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee Issue Date: 30 March 2013 Next Planned Update: TBD
SABP-A-033 Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual
Table A1 - CMP Review Checklist

Corrosion Management Program Review Date: Item Facility: Question Yes/No By: Supporting evidence/ references and comments
A. Corrosion Management System

A1 Is there a documented corrosion system based on the corporate strategic work process Manage Corrosion at operate & maintain phase of life cycle? Are you aware of the Corrosion Management Program policy defined in the CMP Manual?
A2
B. Corrosion Competency
B1 B2 Is there a trained and experienced corrosion engineer at your facility? Are you using a Competency Map (CMap) to monitor development, training and competency of your corrosion engineer? Does your facility have a plan of succession for your corrosion engineer?
B3
C. Risk Assessment
C1 C2 C2 C3 C4 Has your facility developed corrosion loops and identified the damage mechanisms for all your plants/units? Does your facility perform corrosion risk assessments? Does your facility conduct investigations to identify root cause of all corrosion incidents? Has your facility adopted a risk-based inspection (RBI) program? Does your facility have a trained RBI facilitator?
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Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee Issue Date: 30 March 2013 Next Planned Update: TBD Item C5 Question Does your facility maintain a list of critical equipment and piping? Yes/No
SABP-A-033 Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual Supporting evidence/ references and comments
D. Corrosion Monitoring
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 Does your facility have a Computerized Corrosion Management System (CMS)? Does your facility monitor corrosion using: Process variables (physical, chemical)? Probes? Coupons? In-Line Inspection/Smart Pigging? Does your facility maintain a fully functional SAIF system? Does your facility trend corrosion rate data and report this to management on a regular basis, e.g., monthly, quarterly, semiannually, annually? Has your facility developed and makes use of Plant Integrity Windows to monitor corrosion management performance?
D9
E. Chemical Treatment
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 Does your facility monitor chemical and water injection rates and correlate with thinning/failure rates? Do you hold regular (weekly, monthly, quarterly, annually) review meetings with your Chemical Vendor? Are there KPIs targets defined for your Chemical Vendor? If yes, is your Chemical Vendor meeting the KPI targets? Do you investigate Chemical Vendor KPI target deviation?
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Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee Issue Date: 30 March 2013 Next Planned Update: TBD Item Question Yes/No
F. Corrosion Protection
F1 F2 Does your facility have a coating (internal & external) and lining management program? Does your facility maintain a cathodic protection system?
G. Inspection
Does your facility maintain the following inspection programs: G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 a. b. c. d. e. Injection Point? Corrosion under Insulation? Dead Leg? Positive Material Identification? Welding inspection?
Does your facility apply the appropriate inspection method to the relevant damage mechanism? Are your Thickness Measurement Locations (TMLs) adequately defined and subject to periodic reviews?
H. Technology
H1 Do you think your facility has deployed sufficient/relevant technologies to manage corrosion?
I. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

I1 Has your facility developed and makes use of key performance indicators to manage corrosion failures?
J. Knowledge Management (KM)

J1 Is there a Corrosion Knowledge Management Program at your facility?
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Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee Issue Date: 30 March 2013 Next Planned Update: TBD Item J2 Question Does your facility share failures or good corrosion engineering practices with other facilities? Yes/No
K. Documentation
K1 Does your facility maintain an electronic document management system (inspection reports, post-T&I reports, failure analysis reports, corrosion monitoring/trending, reports, etc.)? Does your facility keep updated documents, as follows? K2 K3 K4 a. b. c. SIS sheets PFDs P&IDs
L. Management of Change (MOC)

L1 Do you include all modifications (equipment, piping, water wash rate, inhibitor injection rate, welding repair, material changes, etc.) impacting corrosion in your MOC procedure?
M. Reviews
M1 M2 M3 Does your facility initiate a failure analysis request (to CSD) for all corrosion/mechanical failures? Does your facility keep an updated corrosion-related recommendation and technical alert tracking system? Does your facility perform internal periodic corrosion reviews to monitor compliance and eliminate corrosion failures?
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Part 2: Manage Corrosion Work Processes
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Introduction This part describes the Manage Corrosion work processes. Although the current CMP Manual addresses the operate & maintain phase of the asset life cycle (Attachment 3), work processes for all phases of the life cycle are included in this part, i.e., Design, Procurement & Construction, Decommissioning. These are presented here for completeness and future reference. However, for the gap analysis task at commencement of CMP Deployment, only the operate & maintain work processes (Attachment 3) shall be used. It is noted that work processes were developed in 2010 by Saudi Aramco subject matter experts in conjunction with an outside consultant. This exercise was undertaken to develop a corporate asset integrity management system initially referred to as Plant Integrity Assurance Framework (PIAF), then later changed to Asset Performance Management (APM). Four strategic work processes were initially developed for the following disciplines, as depicted below in Figure 8: Inspect Assets (Inspection) SWP-04-03 Maintain Assets (Maintenance & Reliability) SWP-04-04 Manage Corrosion (Materials & Corrosion) SWP-04-05 Manage Operations (Process/Operations) SWP-04-06
For ease of understanding of the process maps in Attachments 1 4, the nomenclature and descriptions used are illustrated in Figures 9 & 10.
Figure 8 - Strategic Work Processes These work processes (highest level) are then decomposed into Tactical (TWP), Elemental (EWP) and Atomic (AWP) (lowest level), as depicted in the process maps given in Attachments 1 4. For systematic purposes, these processes are structured to follow the PlanDo-Check-Act format to ensure continuous improvement. These work processes will require periodic updating to ensure alignment with other company work processes and business needs.
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An example of work process gap analysis is shown in Table 8 for illustrative purposes. The gap analysis workshop shall be carried at commencement of every CMP Deployment as follows:
1. 2.
3. 4. 5.
Operate & Maintain work process maps are shown on screen projector in sequential format. Central Engineering CMP Team Leader describes the steps in the first work process to CMP participants and asks Proponent CMP Leader and other plant participants whether the subject work process or similar work process exists at the plant. Plant participants provide comments and share their work process or procedures if these exist. Gaps are then identified and documented for inclusion in the CMP Corrosion Control Document (CCD). Recommendations are then developed to address these gaps and improve corrosion management at the plant. These recommendations shall be documented in the CCD.
Note: Work processes may be categorized as either fully performed, partially performed or not performed.
Table 8 - Example Work Process Gap Analysis Work Process EWP 04-05-03-01 Corrosion Data Assessment Gap Identified at Plant X This work process is not fully reflected in RTR activities. However, Failure Analysis is performed by CSD; RCA is performed by RTR systematically as given by GI using TAPROOT and metallurgical examinations are performed on a certain percentage. The SARCOP quarterly review considers interrelated factors and unusual data There is no comprehensive Corrosion Review but OSI data is reviewed periodically Best practices should be integrated with the PIW team Gap Identified in CMP There is no corporate procedure reflecting this WP. There is a gap in procedure for the quality checking of all data.
EWP 04-05-03-02 Corrosion Management Review
The two WPs (Data Assessment and Management Review) should be combined. There is no standard for a comprehensive corrosion management review. (Though there is a quarterly SARCOP review).
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Plant Integrity Assurance Framework Map Key and Glossary
Work Process Symbols
Work Process Hierarchy
Start / Finish Process
GWP XX-XX-XX Title
SGWP XX Title
Global Activity Number
Support Global Work Process
Action Addressee Process Activity Informed Addressee(s)
SWP XX-XX-XX Title
SSWP XX-XX Title
Strategic Decision? TWP XX-XX-XX Title
Support Strategic Work Process
STWP XX-XX-XX Title
External Process
Tactical
Support Tactical Work Process
Document
EWP XX-XX-XX Title
SEWP XX-XX-XX Title
Record to be maintained
Elemental
Support Elemental Work Processes
Off-page Reference for Navigation
AWP XX-XX-XX Title
SAWP XX-XX-XX Title
SAIF
SAIF Data Management System
Atomic
Support Atomic Work Processes
SAP
SAP Data Management System
Figure 9 - Process Map Nomenclature

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This process is a Tactical Process so label is TWP and its title is at the top of the page Reference link to the Strategic Process from which this Tactical Process flows
TWP-03-03-01: Plan Inspections during Procurement & Construction Incoming links for navigation purposes The next level of process is an EWP 3
OIU PID PMT VID Operations Inspection Unit Projects Inspection Division SA Project Management Team Vendor Inspection Division
SWP 03-03 Manage Inspection during P&C
Responsible for process
*VID/QA for Vendor/SUP/Manufacturer qualification VID QC for Cat B VID QM for monitoring in Supplier Premises of Cat A
SWP 02-03 Establish Inspection Strategy
Inspection Strategy Type of Equipment? Cat B
SAP Draft SATIP Cat S
Review Certificates and Documentation from Supplier
VID_ QC
Aramco Approval of Equipment
Cat A - MPA SAEP-1150 Inspection Coverage on Projects
Cat C
A
SAER-1972
EWP 03-03-01-01 Plan Inspection on Supplier premises during Fabrication
VID*/ PMT
Inspection Schedule
3.1.1
Project Proposal/ Detailed Design
A
Manage QA Project Quality Plan
EWP 03-03-01-02 PQM Plan Inspection on Receipt of Materials at Aramco Construction/ Installation Site
2
Inspection Schedule
3.1.2
Supplier/ Contractor Quality Plan Schedule Q Inspection Schedule
This is an output from the process it is connected to
This is a simple step so does not have a process number
EWP PQM 03-03-01-03 /PMT Plan Inspection during Construction on Aramco Site
Requests For Inspection
3.1.3
4 SA Inspection Procedures
These are inputs to the steps they are linked to
EWP 03-03-01-04 Plan PreCommissioning Inspection
PQM/ PMT
3.1.4
On-Stream Inspection Schedule Reports
A
OSI Administration
Plan On-Stream Inspection during Commissioning
OIU
Requests For Inspection
3.1.5
TWP 03-03-02 Implement Inspections during P&C
Reference of the next process in the sequence
3.2 This is an out-going link to the next process. This link is not provided if the process flow returns to the parent
Figure 10 - Process Map Items Description

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Attachment 1 - Manage Corrosion at Design

Adobe Acrobat Document
(Double click to open the PDF document)
CorManPro Design_10 integrated 1
Attachment 2 - Manage Corrosion at Procurement and Construction

CorManPro_PCC_8 1
Attachment 3 - Manage Corrosion at Operate and Maintain

CorManPro_14 integrated 1
Attachment 4 - Manage Corrosion at Decommissioning

Manage Integrity during Decommissioning 1

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Part 3: Damage Mechanism Narratives
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Introduction This part describes generic narratives for damage mechanisms encountered or likely to be encountered at Saudi Aramco upstream and downstream facilities. These are provided here for use at future CMP deployments; however, these require customization to actual plant service conditions. These narratives have been derived from API RP 571 and other Saudi Aramco / Industry documents. They have been structured to address the damage description, the affected materials, control methodology, corrosion monitoring and inspection techniques. A full listing of the narratives is given in Table 9. These have been assigned an SA (Saudi Aramco) reference number as well as the actual number given in API RP 571, as appropriate. The damage mechanism narratives are given in the PDF attachment below:

Note:
Damage Mechanism Narratives

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Table 9 - Damage Mechanism Narrative List
SA # 1 2 3 4 5 6 (NA) 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 (NA) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Description Sulfidic Corrosion (Sulfidation) Wet H2S Damage (Blistering/HIC, SOHIC, SSC) Creep/Stress Rupture High Temp H2/H2S Polythionic Acid Cracking Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Ammonium Bisulfide Corrosion Ammonium Chloride Corrosion HCl Corrosion High Temperature H2 Attack Oxidation Thermal Fatigue Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic) Refractory Degradation Graphitization Temper Embrittlement Decarburization Caustic Cracking Caustic Corrosion Erosion/Erosion Corrosion Carbonate SCC Amine Cracking Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC) Carburization Hydrogen Embrittlement Steam Blanketing Thermal Shock Cavitation Graphitic (see De-alloying) Short Term Overheating Brittle Fracture Sigma Phase Embrittlement 885F Embrittlement Softening (Spheroidization) Reheat Cracking Sulfuric Acid Corrosion
API RP 571 # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
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SA # 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74
Description Hydrofluoric Acid Corrosion Flue Gas Dew Point Corrosion Dissimilar Metal Weld (DMW) Cracking Hydrogen Induced Cracking in HF Dealloying CO2 Corrosion Corrosion Fatigue Fuel Ash Corrosion Amine Corrosion Corrosion under Insulation (CUI) Atmospheric corrosion Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) Cooling Water Corrosion Boiler Water/Condensate Corrosion Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) Liquid Metal Embrittlement Galvanic Corrosion Mechanical Fatigue Nitriding Vibration Induced Fatigue Titanium Hydriding Soil Corrosion Metal Dusting Strain Aging Sulfate Stress Corrosion Cracking Phosphoric Corrosion Phenol (carbolic acid) Corrosion Ethanol Stress Corrosion Cracking Oxygen-enhanced Ignition and Combustion Organic Acid Corrosion of Distilled Tower Overhead System General Corrosion Pitting Corrosion Crevice Corrosion Sweet Corrosion Weight Loss Sour Corrosion Acid Corrosion (Acidization) Oxygen Corrosion Elastomer Failure
API RP 571 # 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
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SA # 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85
Description Heat Checking Thread Failure (Mech. F) Tensile Overload (Mech. F) Collapse (Mech. F) Top of the line Corrosion Under-deposit Corrosion Acid Condensate Corrosion Elemental Sulfur Corrosion Casing Wear Fretting Corrosion Overlay Disbonding
API RP 571 # NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
This color denoted that the damage mechanism narrative is under development.
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Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

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Part 1: Basic Requirements and Deployment Activities

Successful Corrosion Management

Policy & Strategies

Organization & Responsibilities

Planning & Implementation

Review, Correct Update

Monitor Trends Anomaly Tracking Key Performance Indicators Review

Performance Measurement Review of Performance

Yes Satisfactory Performance

Figure 2 - Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Framework

Corrosion Materials & Welding Coatings Chemical Treatment Cathodic Protection

Materials & Welding Specialist

CMP Team Leader

Chemical & Water Treatment Specialist

Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Champion (CSD/ME&CCD Division Head)

Cathodic Protection Specialist

Plant Corrosion Engineer

Plant Inspection Engineer/OSI Coordinator

Plant CMP Leader

Plant RBI Coordinator

Plant Process/ Operations Engineer

Plant Technical Support Engineer

Procedures Competency Roles & Responsibilities

metal temperatures process temperatures/pressures/delta T/delta P

Two methods are proposed to address risk assessment:

Figure 6 - Risk Matrix

Table 1 - Likelihood / Frequency

Table 2 - Severity / Consequence

Table 3 - Risk / Tolerability Criteria (applies to Risk Matrix)

Corrosion Loops (Appendix 2) Develop corrosion loops as follows:

Figure 7 - CMP Deployment Chart

Table 4 - Vice President CMP Dashboard VP Dashboard

Manufacturing & Planning

Table 5 - Manager CMP Dashboard Manager Dashboard

Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report

Profitability Mechanical Integrity, Plant Utilization, Plant Availability

Table 6 - SuperintendentDashboard CMP Dashboard Superintendent

Semiannually Semiannually Daily

Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report PIW Dashboard

TMLs > 5MPY (Class 0, 1, 2) (%)

Table 7 - Supervisor/Engineer Dashboard CMP Dashboard Supervisor/Engineer

Semiannually Semiannually Daily

Manufacturing & Planning Inspection Report PIW Dashboard

TMLs > 5MPY (Class 0, 1, 2) (%)

Daily Monthly Monthly Monthly

550 (max) 50 50 0.07

Acid-Base Titration Acid-Base Titration

Mainly Sea Water Chemical Treatment

5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4

6.3 6.4 6.5

Revision Summary New Saudi Aramco Best Practice.

Figure A1 - Example Corrosion Loop Diagram (CLD)

SABP-A-033 Corrosion Management Program (CMP) Manual

Table A1 - CMP Review Checklist

A. Corrosion Management System

I. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

J. Knowledge Management (KM)

L. Management of Change (MOC)

Part 2: Manage Corrosion Work Processes

EWP 04-05-03-02 Corrosion Management Review

Work Process Symbols

SABP-A-033 Materials & Corrosion Control Standards

SABP-A-033 Materials & Corrosion Control Standards