10th Standard Public Examination 2012-13 Tamil Nadu Board Blue Print and Model Questions

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gs;spf; fy;tpj; Jiw
10
mwptpay;
2012-13
ntspaPL
jkpo;ehL muR gs;spfy;tpj;Jiw

Government of Tamilnadu Department of School Education Page 1
www.tamilagaasiriyar.com
mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; Fiwe;j kjpg;ngz;fs; ngWk; khzth;fis milahsk; fz;LNjh;r;rpf;Fhpa kjpg;ngz;fis ngw itg;gjw;fhf gpuj;Nafkhf jahhpf;fg;gl;l ,f;ifNal;bd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; gpd; jq;fpAs;s khzth;fSk; RygkhfTk; kfpo;r;rpahfTk; mwptpay; ghlk; fw;fyhk; vd fz;Lnfhs;sr; nra;jy;. muR nghJj;Njh;T tpdhj;jhs; tbtikg;ig(Blue Print)ed;F mwpe;J Fwpg;gpl;l ghlg;;gFjpfis kl;Lk; gapw;rp mspj;J jpUk;g jpUk;g vOj itg;gjd; %yk; Njh;r;rpf;Fhpa kjpg;ngz;fis ngwr;nra;aKbAk; vd;gij czh;j;Jjy; 1 kjpg;ngz;> 2 kjpg;ngz;> 5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fis ,dk; fz;L chpagapw;rpmspf;Fk;topfisr;Rl;b fhl;Ljy;. glk; tiujy;>ghfq;fis Fwpj;jy;>kw;Wk; fzf;fPLfis jPh;g;gjd; %yk; mjpf kjpf;ngz;fis ngwr;nra;jy;.
Government of Tamilnadu
Department of School Education
Page 2
10-k; tFg;G mwptpay; fl;lfk;

10-k; tFg;G gbf;Fk; midj;J khzt khztpfSk;mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; ntw;wp ngw gaDs;s Nfs;tpfs; midj;J ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mtw;iw ed;F jahh; nra;jhy;
ntw;wp cWjp
Fwpg;G:
mwptpay; ghlk; nra;Kiwj;Njh;it cs;slf;fpaJ.10-Mk; tFg;gpw;fhd nra;Kiwg;gapw;rpfs; kpf vspikahf mike;Js;sd. ,tw;iw ed;F jahh; nra;J nra;Kiwj; Njh;ited;F vOjpdhy; 25 kjpg;ngz; vspjpy; ngw;W tplyhk;.
Blue Print-d; gb xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fNs mjpf

Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wd.. Part-II(2 kjpg;ngz;fs;). Part- III(5 kjpg;ngz;fs;) ; .Mfpatw;wpy; $l xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wd. Part-II(2 kjpg;ngz;fs;) tpdhf;fSf;F midj;J ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; FWtpdhf;fspd; ghFg;ghL (Blue Print) mbg;gilapy; khjphtpdhf;fs; kl;LNk nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Mrphpah;fs; ,k;khjphp tpdhf;fspd; mbg;gilapy; NkYk; tpdhf;fis jahh; nra;J khzth;fSf;F gapw;Wtpf;fyhk;. Part-III(5 kjpg;ngz;fs;) tphpthd tpdhf;fs; midj;Jk; 2 my;yJ 3 gphpTfshfNt nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. (Blue Print) vdNt Part-
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III((5 fl;lfj;jpy;
kjpg;ngz;fs;)
tpdhf;fSf;Fk;
khjphp
tpdhf;fs;
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.Mrphpah;fs; NkYk; tpdhf;fs; toq;fp gapw;Wtpf;fyhk;. 5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ehd;F gphpTfspy; Nfl;fg;gl cs;sd. gphpT-m ---tpyq;fpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 1>2 gphpT-M ---jhtutpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 4>7 gphpT-, ---Ntjpapay;-------- ghlq;fs; 10>13 gphpT-< ---,aw;gpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 15>17 xt;nthU gphptpYk; Nfl;fg;gLk; 2 tpdhf;fspy; tpdhtpw;F tpil vOj Ntz;Lk;. Mrphpah;fs; gpd;jq;fpa khzth;fis 1>7>10>15 Mfpa ghlq;fspy ; kw;w tpdhf;fSf;Fk; ed;F jahh;nra;jhNy mjpf kjpg;ngz;fis Rygkhf ngwr; nra;ayhk;.kw;w ghlq;fshd 2>4>13>17 Mfpa ghlq;fspy; cs;s gapw;rp tpdhf;fs; kl;Lk; jahh; nra;jy; kpFe;j gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;. cs;s gapw;rp tpdhf;fs; kw;Wk; ghlg;gFjpapd; cs;Ns vOk;
XU
glq;fs; tiutjw;Fk;> mtw;wpd; ghfq;fisf; Fwpg;gjw;Fk; ed;F gapw;rp mspg;gjd; %yk; mjpf kjpg;ngz;fis ngwr;nra;ayhk;.
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caphpay; gphpT I kuGk; ghpzkhKk;

xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;; 1.nkz;ly; Njhl;lg; gl;lhzp (igrk; rl;iltk;) nrbapy; 7 tifahd khw;W cUt NtWghLfis fz;lwpe;jhh;. fPo;fz;ltw;wpy; xU tif NtWghL khwp cs;sJ. Vjntdf;; fz;Lgpb. jz;bd; cauk;. nel;il Fl;il / tpij epwk;; kQ;rs;, gr;ir/ kyhpd; miktplk; Edp mr;R / jz;L mikg;G nkd;ikahdJ fbdkhdJ. tpil : jz;L mikg;G nkd;ikahdJ. fbdkhdJ 2. Mjp kdpjd; Njhd;wpaJ tpil : Mg;gphpf;fh 3. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ghuk;ghpaj; jd;ikf; nfhz;lJ tpil : kugZ khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;l tpe;jZ 4. ,aw;ifj; Njh;T Nfhl;ghl;il ntspapl;lth; ................... tpil : rhh;y]; lhh;tpd; 5. clw;nry; [Pd; rpfpr;ir Kiw vd;gJ ............... tpil : clw;nry;ypy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. 6. gz;G flj;jypy; gq;F ngWk; kuGg; nghUs; .............. tpil : DNA 7. ghuk;ghpa flj;Jjiy Kjd;Kjyhf ntspapl;lth; .............. tpil : fphpfh; N[hfd; nkz;ly;
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8. xU gz;gpd; ,U NtWgl;l gz;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;s [Pd; mikg;Gj; jd;ik.................. tpil : my;yPy;fs; 9. caphpj; njhopy;El;g Kiwapy; ngwg;gLk; itl;lkpd; B12 Fzg;gLj;Jk; Neha; tpil : ngh;dP~pa]; ,uj;j Nrhif. 10. clYWg;Gg; gad;ghL gw;wpa tpjpia tpsf;fpath; tpil : yhkhh;f; 11. cly; %yr; nry;fs; vtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ngwg;gLfpwJ? tpil : vYk;G k[;i[ 12. itu];fSf;F vjpuhd Gujk; tpil : ,d;lh;nguhd; 13. iel;u[d; epiyepWj;jg; gad;gLtJ. tpil : ep/g; [Pd; 14. b.vd;.V.tpd; ntl;lg;gl;l Jz;lq;fis xl;l itf;fg; gad;gLk; %yf;$W gir tpil : DNA ypNf]; 15. tpdpfh; cw;gj;jp nra;ag; gad;gLk; mkpyk; tpil : mrpl;bf; mkpyk; . 16. ........ ypg;gpLfspypUe;J ngw;g;gl;litfshFk;. tpil : ];buha;Lfs; 17. Gw;W Neha;f;F vjpuhf gad;gLk; Xhpdr; nry; vjph;g; G nghUs; tpil : khNdh FNshdpay; vjph;g;Gg; nghUs;. 18. ,d;Rypid cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; nry;fs; ............ tpil : gPl;lh nry;fs;. 19. ,uj;j FSf;Nfh]; msit fzf;fplg; gad;gLtJ ..................... tpil : caphp czhp 20. caphpay; fzpg;nghwpfis cUthf;fg; gad;gLtJ ................. tpil : caphpr;rpg;Gfs; 21. my;yPy; vd;gJ xNu [Pdpd; khw;Wntspg;ghL MFk;. 22. my;yPNyh khh;Gfs; vd;gJ my;yPy;fSila vjph;g;gz;gikg;G MFk; 23. [_d; fhuzpfs; ,aw;gpay; rhh;e;j ghuk;ghpaf; fhuzpfs; MFk;. 24. Gwj;Njhw;w gz;GfSf;F .................. vd;W ngah; tpil : gPNdhilg; 25. clYWg;G gad;ghL tpjpia $wpath; ............. tpil : [Pd; ghg;jP]; yhkhh;f; 26. ...................... tiuaiw nehjpfs; DNA ntl;l cjTfpwJ tpil : tpil : (nu];l;hpf;~d; vz;Nlh epA+f;spNa]; 27. %yr; nry; vd;gJ................... tpil : (khWghL milahj nry; FOkk;) 28. ePupopT Neha; ....................... nrYj;Jjy; %yk; FzkilfpwJ tpil : (,d;Rypd;) 29. caphpay; tpidA+f;fp vd;wiof;fg;gLgit ............... tpil : (nehjpfs;) 30. kdpj rpw;wpdj;jpd; ngah; ................ tpil : (N`hNkhnrgpad;) 31. kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs; ............................ tpil : (N`hkpdpl;Lfs;) 32. DNA njhopy; El;gk; ............................. tpil : (kuGg; nghwpapay;) vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ. 33. nkz;lypd; xU gz;G fyg;G tpfpjk; ................... tpil : (3:1) 2.Neha;jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk; gFjp m 1.rhpahd eyj;jpd; ghpzhkk; vJntdj; Njh;e;njLj;J vOJf.
tpil : jpU.K.jpdKk; jd; flikapid nra;fpwhh;. kfpo;r;rpahf cs;shh;. 2. r%fj;jpy; R%fkw;w ghpkhzj;ij Njh;e;njLj;J vOJf. tpil : rhjhuz nray;fspYk; fLikahf ele;J nfhs;fpwhh;. 3. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ghf;Bhpahthy; cz;lhFk; Neha;? tpil : ,uz[d;dp 4. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; fhw;wpd; %yk; guTk; Nehapid fz;Lgpb tpil : fhrNeha; 5. kpff; fLikahd kNyhpahf;fha;r;riy cUthf;Fk; fpUkp tpil : gpsh];Nkhbak; ghy;rpghuk;. 6. ekJ czTf; Fly; gFjpapy; Neha; cz;lhf;Fk; Ez;Z}aphp ........... tpil : vz;lkPgh `p];liybfh. 7. kiwKfkhf Neha; guTk;Kiw ................ tpil : Nehahsp gad;gLj;Jk; clikfs;. 8. gpw caphpfsplkpUe;J gphpj;njLf;fg;gl;l vjph;nghUl;fs;> kdpjUf;F Neha; jLg;G+rpahfg; Nghlg;gLfpwJ. ,J vt;tif jLg;G+rp Kiw. tpil : nraw;ifahd ke;jkhd Neha;j;jLg;G Kiw 9. gpwe;j Foe;ijf;F Kjypy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; Neha;j;jLg;G+rp tpil : BCG 10. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vjph; Njhd;wp (Mz;b n[d;) ,y;yhjJ vJ? tpil : jha;g;ghy;. 11. kdpjdpd; ,uj;j rh;f;fiu msT czTf;F Kd;dh; ............. tpil : 80-120 mg / 100ml. 12. kuhRk]; kw;Wk; Fth~pNahh;fh; Neha;f;fhd fhuzk; tpil : Guj FiwghL. 13. Njhypy; nkydpd; epwkp ,y;yhikahy; Njhd;Wk; FiwghL. tpil : my;gpNdh. 14. rhjhuz rspia Vw;gLj;Jk; itu]; ................................tpil : iuNdh 15. ,d;G@ad;rh Nehia Vw;gLj;Jk; itu]; ...........tpil: H1 N1 itu]; 16. fhrNehia (vYk;GUf;fp Neha;) cUthf;FtJ tpil : ikf;Nfh ghf;Bhpak; bA+gh; FNshrp]; 17. ilgha;L Nehia cz;lhf;Fk; fhuzp tpil : rhynkndy;yh ilg;gp 18. kNyhpah Nehia cz;lhf;Fk; fhuzp tpil : gpsh];Nkhbak; 19. mkPgpf; rPjNgjpia cUthf;Fk; Ez;Zaphp ...................... tpil : vz;lkPah `p];liybfh 20. va;l;]; Neha;f;fhd fhuzp .................... tpil : HIV itu]; 21. HIVia fz;lwpAk; Ma;T ................... tpil : viyrh. 22. clypy; cs;s rh;f;fiu msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; nry; gPl;lhnry; 23. My;gh nry;fs; FSf;Nfhfhid Ruf;fpd;wd. 4.;jhtuq;fspy; ,dg;ngUf;fk; 1. xU nry; caphpfis mkPgh kw;Wk; ghf;Bhpaq;fspy; eilngWk; ,dg;ngUf;f tiffspy; xd;W tpil : ,uz;lhfg; gpsj;jy;
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2. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspd; ghypdg;ngUf;f Kiwapy; eilngWk; Kjy; epfo;T tpil : kfue;jr;Nrh;f;if 3. fPo;fz;ltw;wpy; rhpahd $w;W vJ? tpil : G+Q;irfspy; cz;lhFk; xh; cl;fU nfhz;l efUk; jpwdw;w ghypyh ];Nghh;fs;> nfhdpbah. 4. fUTw;w R+w;ig fdp MFk;. xU kyhpd; gy ,izahj R+yf ,iyfs; nfhz;l Nky;kl;l R+w;igapypUe;J cUthFk; fdp tpil : jpus; fdp 5. ePhpy; Cwitj;j tpijia mOj;Jk;NghJ ,jd; topahf ePh; frpfpwJ. tpil : ikf;Nuhigy; 6. khq;fdp fy;Nghd;w fdp vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ. Vnddpy; ,jd; tpil: cs;Njhy; fbdkhdJ. 7. jtwhd $w;iwj; Njh;e;njL. m) ,Utpj;jpiyj; jhtu tpijapy; fhzg;;gLk; Fl;ilahd> ntz;ikahd gFjpf;F u/Ng vd;W ngah; M) ,U tpj;jpiyj;jhtu tpijapy; fhzg;gLk; kpf Ez;zpa Jisf;F ikf;Nuhigy; vd;W ngah; ,) fUtpy; jz;L cUthFk; gFjpf;F KisNth; vd;W ngah; <) fUtpy; Nth; cUthFk; gFjpf;F KisNth; vd;W ngah; tpil: ,) fUtpy; jz;L cUthFk; gFjpf;F KisNth; vd;W ngah; 8. fPo;fz;l $w;Wfspy; fhw;wpd; %yk; fdp guTjYf;fhd rhpahd $w;iwf; Njh;e;njL. tpil : biulhf;]; jhtuj;jpy;> Gy;yp tl;lk;> ghg;g]; Jtpfshf khwpf; fdp guTjYf;F cjTfpwJ. 9. %tpiztpdhy; cz;lhFk; rpR> fUtpy; tsh;r;rpf;F Cl;lk; mspf;f ty;yJ. tpil : fUT+z; 10. jd; kfue;j Nrh;f;ifapd; jPik tpil : tpijfs; Fiwe;j vz;zpf;ifapy; cz;lhfpd;wd. 11. ghiyj;japuhf khw;Wk; ghf;Bhpah ....................tpil : Nyf;Nlh Ngrpy]; 12. fl;bg; Nghl;lhy; Fl;bg;NghLk; jhtuk; ...........tpil : gpiuNah/gpy;yk. 13. i`buhtpy; eilngWk; ,dg;ngUf;fKiw ................tpil : mUk;Gjy; 14. My;fhf;fspy; fhzg;gLk; efUk; jd;ikaw;w ];Nghh;fs; tpil : VgpsNdh];Nghh;fs; 15. kyhpd; Mz;ghfk; .............................tpil : kfue;jj;jhs; tl;lk; 16. efUk; jd;ikaw;w ];Nghh;fs; .......................tpil : nfhdpbah 17. kfue;jg;igapypUe;J kfue;j J}s;fs; R+yf Kbia nrd;wilAk; nray; ...........................tpil : kfue; j Nrh;f;if 18. xU kyhpd; kfue;jj;J}s; mNj kyhpy; cs;s R+yf Kbia nrd;wilAk; epfo;r;rp ............................tpil : Ml;NlhNfkp 19. may; kfue;j Nrh;f;iff;F kWngah; tpil : my;NyhNfkp 20. gwitfspd; top kfue;j Nrh;f;iff;F ......................... vd;W ngah; tpil : Mh;dpNjh/gpyp. 21. KOikaile;j fUTw;w Kl;il ..................... tpil : irNfhl;
22. fUTWjYf;Fg;gpd; R+y; ........................ MfTk;> R+y; ciwfs; .......................... MfTk; khWk; tpil : tpij > fdp 23. fUTw;w Kjph;e;j R+w;ig ................. vdg;gLk; tpil : fdp 24. fUTwhf; fdpfs; ...................... vdg;gLk;. tpil : ghh;j;jpNdh fhh;gpf; fdpfs; 6.tho;f;if ,af;ff; nray;fs 1. khNdhl;Nuhghtpy; czTg; nghUl;fs; cwpQ;Rtjw;fhd rpwg;ghd Nth;fs; tpil : ikf;Nfhiurh Nth;fs; 2. <];l;bd; fhw;wpyh Rthrj;jpdhy; cz;lhtJ ......................... tpil : vj;jdhy; 3. ePh;j; Njitf;fhf njd;idapd; Nth;fs;> jha;j; jhtuj;ij tpl;L ntF njhiytpy; cs;sd tpil : ePh; rhh;G ,af;fk; 4. jhtuq;fspy; iryj;jpd; gzp ......................... tpil : ePiuf;flj;Jjy; 5. jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiwf;F Njitg;gLtJ CO2 ePh;> gr;irak;> R+hpaxsp> ,it midj;Jk; tpil : ,it midj;Jk; 6. nry;Yf;F ntspNa nrhpj;jy; epfOk; Fly; gFjp ............tpil: Y}kd; 7. xl;Lz;zpj; jhtuq;fs; nfhz;Ls;s rpwg;ghd Nth;fSf;F .................... vd;W ngah; tpil : `h];Nlhhpak; 8. nehjp vd;gJ ............................ tpil : caph;fphpah Cf;fp 9. fhw;wpyh Rthrk; .............................. vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. tpil : nehjpj;jy; 10. Mw;wy; ehzak; vd miof;fg;gLtJ ...............................tpil : ATP 11. kPd;fs; ........................... %yk; Rthrpf;fpwJ. tpil : nrTs;fs; 12. jhtuf; fopTfs; nry;fspy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; ,lk; ......................... tpil : thf;fpNahy; 13. neg;uhd; ,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s fopTg; nghUl;fis .......................... %yk; tbfl;LfpwJ. tpil : FNshk&y];. 14. jhtuq;fspy; ,uT Neuj;jpy; ePh; flj;Jtjw;F kpf Kf;fpakhf fUjg;gLtJ ................................. tpil : NtuOj;jk;. 15. ehskpy;yhr; Rug;gpfs; Ruf;Fk; Ntjpg; nghUl;fs; .......................... tpil : `hh;Nkhd;fs; 16. tisj;jirg; GOf;fspy; rpwg;Gf; fopT ePf;f cWg;ghf nray;gLtJ ................................. tpil : neg;hb P aq;fs; 17. xl;Lz;zpj; jhtuj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L .................................. tp];tk;,f];Fl;lh 18. rh;f;fiuf;fiury; My;f`hyhf khWk; epfo;r;rp .................nehjpj;jy; 19. nehjpj;jypy; <LgLk; Ez;Zaphp <];l; 7.Rw;Wf; R+oy; ghJfhg;G
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1. nghUl;fspd; njhFg;Gfs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;wpy; rpijtilAk; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;l njhFg;gpid Njh;e;njL. tpil : Gy;> kyh;fs;> Njhy; 2. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ czTr; rq;fpyp ? tpil : Gy;> ML> kdpjd; 3. fUg;Gj; jq;fk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ. tpil : ngl;Nuhypak; 4. nghUj;jkw;wij ePf;Ff : jhtuq;fs;> ntl;Lfpsp> jtis> Gyp> ghk;G tpil : Gyp 5. gRik Ntjpapaypdhy; cz;lhFk; nghUSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L .......... tpil : caphp gpsh];bf; 6. ........................ gRikaf thA ntg;gepiy khw;wk; kw;Wk; Gtpntg;gkhjiy Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. tpil : fhh;gd; -il Mf;irL. 7. .......................... Fsr; R+o;epiy njhFg;gpy; rpijg;gitfs; MFk;. tpil : ghf;Bhpaq;fs; 8. Nkfq;fisj; J}z;b nraw;if kio nga;a cjTk; Ntjpg;nghUs; tpil : nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL 9. gbk vhpnghUSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L tpil : fhp 10. fopTj; jhis kPz;Lk; vj;jid rjtPjk; gad;gLj;j KbAk; tpil : 54% 11. cg;G ePiu FbePuhf khw;w gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ,aw;gpay; Kiw tpil : jiyfPo; rt;T+L guty; 12. `hy[d; ,y;yhj jPaizg;ghd;fspy; gad;gLk; nghUs; tpil : rpypfhd; rhh;e;j nghUs; 13. Mrpa rpq;fk; fhzg;gLk; ruzhyak; tpil : fph;Njrpag;G+q;fh 14. vz;nza; frptpdhy; fly;ePh; kl;lj;jpy; kpjf;ff; $ba vz;nza; rpjwy;fs; ........................................ tpil: jhh;ge;Jfs;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs;. 1.kuGk; ghpzhkKk;

1. nghUj;Jf.
1. 2. 3. 4. 2. N[hfd; nkz;ly; - ghuk;ghpa flj;jy; gl;lhzpr; nrb - igrk; rl;iltk; vl;th;l; n[d;dh; - jLg;G+rp lhf;lh; Iah;d; tpy;%l; - lhsp m) clw;nry;fspy; Vw;gLk; khWghLfs; mLj;j jiyKiwf;F flj;jg;gLfpwJ. M) caphpfspy;; cs; mikg;gpd; khWghLfs; NtWghLfis cUthf;FfpwJ. jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b gpio jpUj;Jf. jpUj;jk; m) cly; nry;fspy; Vw;gLk; khWghLfs; mLj;j jiyKiwf;F flj;jg;gLtjpy;iy.
Department of School Education Page 10
3.
4.
5. 1. 2. 3.
mi) Caphpfspy; Gwmikg;gpd; khWghLfs; NtWghLfis cUthf;FfpwJ. yhkhh;f; xl;lfr; rptpq;fpapd; fOj;ij vLj;Jf; fhl;lhf nfhLf;f fhuzk; vd;d? xl;lfr;rptpq;fpapd; fOj;J %yk; mjpfg; gad;ghl;by; ,Uf;Fk; cWg;Gfs; tsh;r;rpAWk; vd;gij tpsf;fpdhh;. ,k; khw;wj;jpw;F Kf;fpa fhuzkhf tpsq;FtJ. NjitAk; vz;zKNk MFk;. cWjpgLj;Jf. m). xU gz;gpd; ,U NtWgl;l gz;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;s [Pd; mikg;Gj; jd;ikf;F my;yPy;fs; vd;W ngah; M) my;yPy;fs; ntspg;gLj;Jk; gz;gpw;F my;ypNyh khh;Gfs; vd;W ngah; rhpahd $w;iw Njh;e;njL. m) rhp M) rhp tpdhvOg;Gf: kugZ kUj;Jtk; vd;gJ clw;nry;fs; my;yJ ,dr; nry;fspy; fhzg;gLk; [Pd; FiwghLfisf; fz;lwpe;J rhp nra;tjhFk;. kugZ kUj;Jtk; vd;why; vd;d? kugZ kUj;Jtj;jpd; tiffs; ahit? kugZ kUj;Jtj;jpd; gad;fs; vd;d?
6. glj;jpy; x kw;Wk; y ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;
Tpil :X ghy;kb nry; cl;fU Y lhyp ML 7. Mjpkdpjd; Kjy; jw;fhy kdpjd; tiu nfhLf;fg;gl;l kdpj ,dq;fis thpirgLj;Jf 1. epahd;lh;jhy; kdpjh;fs; 2. N`hNkhnrgpad; 3. N`hkpNah N`gpy]; 4. N`hkpNah vuf;l]; Tpil :1. N`hkpNah N`gpy]; 2. . N`hkpNah vuf;l]; 3. epahd;lh;jhy; kdpjh;fs; 4. N`hNkhnrgpad; 8. flj;jf;$ba gz;Gfs; jd; rpw;wpdj;jpw;Fs;Sk; Nghpdj;jpw;Fs;Sk; khWgLk; fPo;fhZk; gz;Gfs; vj;jifa khWghLfs; cs;sJ vdf;Fwpg;gpLf. m. kdpjf; fz; epwk; ePyk;, fWg;G, gOg;G, gr;ir vd khWghLfs; cs;sJ. ,t;tif khWghL rpw;wpd caphpfspilNa fhzg;gLk; NtWghL vdg;gLk;. M. Kay;, ahid Nghd;wtw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; gy mikg;G khWgl;Ls;sJ. ,t;tif khWghL Nghpdj;Jf;Fs;Ns fhzg;gLk; NtWghL vdg;gLk;. 9. cWjpg;gLj;Jf , fhuzk; $Wf. m. kuG nghwpapay; Kyk; tptrhapfSf;F gad;gLk; tifapy; ep/g;[Pid ghf;BhpahTf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj;jjr; nra;ayhk;.
M. gh];gh]; tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;fr; nra;J tptrhapfSf;F cjTk;. 1. m rhp M jtW 2. m jtW M rhp 3. m. jtW M. nghUe;JfpwJ. 4. m.rhp M. rhp Tpil m. rhp M. jtW m. kuG nghwpapay; Kyk; tptrhapfSf;F gad;gLk; tifapy; ep/g;[Pid ghf;BhpahTf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj;jjr; nra;ayhk;. M. ,e;j iel;u[d; , tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;fr; nra;J tptrhapfSf;F cjTk;. 10. caphp czhp vd;why; vd;d? mjd; gad;ghl;il vOJ 1. caphp czhp vd;gJ nehjp vjph;g;Gg;nghUs;. 2. `hh;Nkhd; , epAf;spf; mkpyk; kw;Wk; caphpfspd; nry;fs; Kyk; Nghh;j;j;g;gl;;l Xh; fUtpahFk;. gad;fs; : 1. ,uj;j FSf;Nfh]; msit fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 2. clypy; cs;s er;Rj;jd;ikia fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 3. FbePhpd; khRWjiy fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 4. cztpd; kzk; kw;Wk; Ritia mstpl cjTfpwJ.
2.Neha;j; jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk;

1.xU rpwe;j eytho;f;if tho , Xt;nthU kdpjDk; ey;y cly;, kdk; , r%f eyDld; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; VNjDk; xd;W FiwTgl;lhYk; mth; NehAw;wth; vdg;gLth;. 2.jkpo;nry;td;, epwf;FULj;jd;ikia mth; je;ijaplk; ,Ue;J ghuk;ghpakhfg; ngw;Ws;shh;. ,jw;fhd fhuzpfs; kugpay; fhuzpfs; MFk;. 3.kuhRk]; kw;Wk; Fth~pNahh;fh; Neha;fs; Gujf;Fiwghl;lhy; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,jd; mwpFwpfshf KiwNa gUj;j tapW Kfj;jpy; tPf;fk; MFk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah? jtwhf ,Ue;jhy; jpUj;jp vOJf. jtW Vnddpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Neha; mwpFwpfs; Fth~pNahHfUf;F kl;LNk chpaJ. kuhRk]; Nehapd; mwpFwpfs;: 1.Foe;ijapd; vilFiwT 2.fLikahd tapw;Wg;Nghf;F 3.vYk;GkPJ Njhy; NghHj;jg;gl;lJ Nghd;w clyikT. 4. jdpahd xd;iwf; fz;lwpf: epwf;FUL> `PNkhgPypah> khiyf;fz; my;gpdprk;> fjpHmhpths;> ,uj;jNrhif Neha;. khiyf;fz; - itl;lkpd; V Fiwtpdhy; epf;NlhNyhgpah vd;w Fiwghl;L Neha; cz;lhfpwJ. ,e;Nehapd; mwpFwp khiyapy; fz;njhpahik MFk;. kw;w midj;J Neha;fSk; kugpay; Neha;fshFk;. 5. uk;ah <Wfspy; ,uj;jk; frpjy;> gy; MLjy; Nghd;w cghijfs; cs;sJ. fhuzk; cztpy; itl;lkpd; rp FiwghL Fiwghl;L Neha; : ];fHtp.
6.nghUj;Jf: tpil : itl;lkpd;fs; itl;lkpd; itl;lkpd; itl;lkpd; itl;lkpd; itl;lkpd; V gp rp B Nf
Fiwghl;L Neha;fs; epf;NlhNyhgpah nghpnghp ];fHtp hpf;fl;]; ,u;jjf;frpT
7.nghUj;Jf: tpil 5. fhrNeha;j;jLg;G+rp 6. njhz;il milg;ghd; ff;Fthd; ,Uky;> nll;ld]; Kj;jLg;G+rp 7. Gl;lhyk;ik> kPry;];> &ngy;yh 8. nll;lhd]; lhf;]ha;L 8.tpil Neha;f;fhuzp G+Q;ir itu]; ghf;Bhpah GNuhl;NlhNrhth
BCG DPT MMR TT
Neha; gil rhjhuz rsp ,uz[d;dp kNyhpah
9.ftpjhTf;F rhjhuzr; rsp> ftpjhtplk; eP vd;d Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;L ,e;Neha; cs;sij cWjpr; nra;tha;: m. jiytyp kw;Wk; fha;r;ryhf cs;sjh? M. %f;fpypUe;J rsp xOFfpwjh? 10. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Neha;fspy; xd;W nghUe;jhjJ. mijf; fz;lwpe;J fhuzk; $W? 1. fhyuh 2. ilgha;L 3. glHjhkiu 4. rPjNgjp Tpil : nghUe;jhjJ : glHjhkiu fhuzk; : glHjhkiu G+Q;irfshy; tuf;$baJ. kw;w Neha;fs; ghf;Bhpahf;fs; %yk; tUk; Neha;fshFk;.
myF 3
1.fPo;f;fz;l glj;ij tiue;J nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s VNjDk; ,uz;L ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;.
Page 13
Page 14
2.nray;fspd; mbg;gilapy; rhpahd $w;W. fizak; nehjpfisAk;> `hHNkhidAk; Ruf;fpd;wJ. 3.epug;Gf. ijuhf;]pd; - MSik`hHNkhd; ml;hPdypd; - mtruf;fhy `hHNkhd; 4.rhpahd $w;wpid vOJf. tpil : My;ghnry;fs; FSf;Nfhfhd; `hHNkhidAk;> gPl;lhnry;fs; ,d;Rypd; `hHNkhidAk; Ruf;fpd;wd. 5.Fd;wy;gFg;G eilngWk; nry;fs; ,dg;ngUf;f vgpjPypay; nry;fs; 6.mkPghtpy; eilngWk; nry;gFg;GKiw FNuhNkhNrhk; tiygpd;dypy; khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;JtJ ,y;iy 7.rhpahd xOq;FmikT Kiw nyg;NlhBd; - irNfhl;bd; - ghf;fpBd; - bg;Nshl;Bd; - laf;NdhrP]; 8.kpah]p]; nry;gphpjypd; FWf;Nf fyj;jy; eilngWk; epiy ghf;;fpBd; 9.fPo;f;zl thf;fpaq;fis ftdp $w;W (A). gpl;A+l;lhp Rug;gp ehskpy;yh FOtpd; elj;JdH vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. fhuzk; (R) - rpy ehskpy;yhr; Rug;gpfis gpl;A+l;;lhp Rug;gp xOq;FgLj;JfpwJ. rhpahd tpil : A kw;Wk; R ,uz;LNk rhpahdJ 10.ngU%isapd; gzpfs; ahit? czHT> mwpTf;$Hik> epidthw;wy;> fw;gidj;jpwd;> fhuzfhhpak; Ma;e;jwpjy; Nghd;wtw;wpd; ,Ug;gplkhfj; jpfo;fpwJ. 11.ijuhf;]pdpd; gzpfs; ahit? 1. clypd; ntg;gj;ij mjpfhpf;fpwJ. 2. tsHrpij khw;w tPjj;ij caHj;JfpwJ. 12.ml;hPdy; `hHNkhd;fspd; gzpfs; ahit? 3. ,jaj;Jbg;gpd; Ntfj;ij mjpfhpf;fpd;wd. 4. RthrtPjj;ij mjpfhpf;fpd;wd. 13.hpyhf;]pdpd; gzp ahJ? kfg;Ngwpd;NghJ ,Lg;Gg; gFjpj; jirfisj; jsHtilar; nra;J Foe;ij gpwg;ig vspjhf;FfpwJ.. 14.nghUj;Jf: 1. irl;lhd; euk;Gfs; 2. ep]py;Jfs;fs; irl;Nlhgpshrk; 3. gwf;Fk; `hHNkhd; ml;hPdy;> ehH ml;Hpdy; (rz;il `hHNkhd;) 4. Mf;]plhf;]pd; Jhpjgpwg;G
,dg;ngUf;fk;. 1.ghy;rk; jhtuj;jpy; tpijfs; jd; jha; jhtuj;ij tpl;L ntF njhiytpy; tpOfpd;wd. m. ,f;$w;W rhpahdjh my;yJ jtwhdjh fhuzk; $W. m. ,f;$w;W jtwhdJ. ghy;rk; jhtuj;jpd; fdpfs; jpBnud ntbj;J tpijfs; rpjwp guTfpwJ. M. fhuzk; : ,f;fdp fhw;wpy; ntFJ}uk; vLj;J nry;tjw;F vt;tpj GwtshpAk; ,y;iy. 2. m. glk; A kw;Wk; B ia milahsk; fhz;
4.jhtuq;fspy;
M.
A apd; ve;j ghfk; B ahf khWfpwJ.
m. glk; A R+yf tl;lk; glk; B kh-l;&g; cs; xl;L rijf;fdp M. A apd; R+y;ig B Mf (fdpahf) khWfpwJ 3. caphpdq;fSk; mtw;wpd; ,dg;ngUf;f KiwfSk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,dg;ngUf;f Kiwfis mjw;Fhpa caphpdq;fNshL nghUj;Jf. tpil : gpsj;jy; GNuhl;NlhNrhtd;fs; ghf;Bhpaq;fs; mUk;Gjy; Fop clypfs; <];l; Jz;lhjy; ];igNuhifuh jl;ilGOf;fs; 4. $l;Lf;fdp gy kyHnfhz;l xU kQ;rhpapd; midj;J kyHfspypUe;Jk; cUthfpwJ.. jpus;fdpahdJ xU kyhpd; ,izahj gy R+yf ,iyfisf; nfhz;l Nky; kl;lr; R+w;igapypUe;J cUthfpwJ. 5. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s glj;ij tiue;J fPOs;s ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;.
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m. vf;ird; M. FOha; epA+f;dpa]; glk; gf;fk; 74. 6. nghUj;Jf: tpil 1. jf;fhsp> fj;jhp 2. MuQ;R> vYkpr;ir 3. Mg;gps; 4. gl;lhzp> mtiu 5. gUj;jp 6. khk;gok; 7. $+/g;yp 8. MHdpj;Njh/gpyp 9. mdpNkh/gpyp 10. i`bNuh/gpyp 11. kfue;jjhs; tl;lk; 12. R+yftl;lk; 7. glk; tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwpg;gpLf.
ngHhp n`];nghpbak; Nghk; ny$k; miw ntbfdp / fhg;R+y; l;&g; G+r;rpfs;> tpyq;Ffs; gwitfs; fhw;W ePH G+tpd; Mz; ghfk; G+tpd; ngz; ghfk;.
Page 17
myF 5
1. nghUj;Jf tpil 1. ntsthy; xypvjpnuhspg;G 2. fq;fhU khHR+gpay; 3. rpWePufk; mtiu tpijtbtk; 4. ,izg;Gj;jpR ,uj;jk; 5. ghY}l;bfs; ghy;Rug;gpfs; 6. jpkpq;;fyk; gyPd;jl;Lfs; 7. tpy;ypak; `hHtp ,uj;j Row;rp 8. gy;kdhpthy;Tfs; gpiwtbtthy;Tfs; 2. jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b jpUj;Jf: 1. FspH fhyq;fspy; clypd; ntg;gj;ij caHj;j tpaHitr; Rug;gpfs; mjpfkhd ,uj;jj;ij ngw;W mjpfkhd rpWePiu ntspNaw;WfpwJ. 2. ,jak; RUq;fp tphpAk; nghOJ yg; kw;Wk; lg; xyp cz;lhfpwJ. 3. xU rpw;wpdj;ij rhHe;j Fl;bia kw;nwhU rpw;wpdj;ijr; rhHe;j ngw;NwhH ghJfhj;jy; ngw;NwhHghJfhg;G vdg;gLk;. 3.jpUj;jk; : 1. FspHfhyq;fspy; clypd; ntg;gj;ij caHj;j tpaHitr; Rug;gpfs; Fiwthd ,uj;jijg; ngw;W mjpfkhd rpWePiu ntspNaw;WfpwJ. 2. xU rpw;wpdj;ijr; rhHe;j Fl;bia kw;nwhU rpw;wpdj;ij rhHe;j ngw;NwhH ghJfhj;jy; FWf;Fg; guhkhpj;jy; vdg;gLk; 4. ghY}l;b my;yhj njhFjpia fz;lwpe;J vOJf. m.. lhy;gpd;> thy;u];> Ks;sk;gd;wp> Kay;> ntsthy; M. ahid> gd;wp> Fjpiu> fOij> Fuq;F ,. Mz;bNyhg;> khd;> gR> flkhd;> vUik <. eha;> G+iz> Kjiy> rpq;fk;> Gyp tpil : <. eha;> G+id> Kjiy> rpq;fk;> Gyp 5. ghY}l;bfspd; Gwj;Njhypy; fhzg;gLtJ tpil :1. Nuhkk;> czH Nuhkk;> NuhkKl;fs;. 6. xw;Wikapd; mbg;gilapy; fz;lwpf jpkpq;fyk; gyPd;jl;Lfs; ntsthy; ---------?------tpil : ntsthy; - Kd;if,wf;if 7. G+Hj;jp nra;f
1. gpsh];kh iggphpNdh[pd; - ,uj;jk; ciwjypy; Kf;fpagq;F `PNkhFNshgpd; - ,uj;jrptg;gZ Mr;rp[id vLj;Jr; nry;fpwJ. ,uj;jnts;is mZf;fs; - Neha;fpUkpfs; jhf;Fjypy; ,Ue;J cliy ghJfhf;fpwJ 8. clypd; kh];lH nfkp];l; vd;W rpWePufk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ fhuzk; fz;lwpe;J vOJf. m. clypy; ngwg;gLk; midj;J Ntjpg;nghUs;fSk; rpWePufj;jpy; ngwg;gLfpwJ. M. rpWePufk; ,uj;jj;jpd; NtjpnghUl;fspd; rkepiyia NgZfpwJ. ,. Clypy; ngWk;midj;J NtjpnghUl;fisAk; ntspNaw;WfpwJ. <. rpWePufk; clypd; midj;J Ntjpg;nghUl;f ; isAk; Nrkpj;J itf;fpwJ. tpil : rpWePufk; ,uj;jj;jpd; NtjpnghUl;fspd; rkepiyia NgZfpwJ. khWghL mile;jjpd; mbg;gilapy; xUq;fpizj;J vOJf ntl;Lk;gw;fs; - ahidapd; je;jk; Nuhkk; - Ks;sk;gd;wpapd; Kl;fs; 10. fhuzk; $Wf. m. JUtf;fubfs; fbdkhd NehiaAk; mlHj;jpahd KbiaAk; ngw;Ws;sJ. M. jpkpq;fyk; gyPd;jl;Lfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. fhuzk; Fspiu jhq;Ftjw;fhf jbj;j NjhYk; mlHj;jpahd KbiaAk; JUtf;fubfs; ngw;Ws;sd. jpkpq;fyq;fspd; jhil ry;yil Nghd;W cs;sJ. ,J kpjit (fphpy;) caphpfis ePhpypUe;J tbfl;Ltjw;F gyPd;jl;Lfs; gad;gLfpwJ. 11. epug;Gf m. czHkPir Nuhkq;fs; fhzg;gLk; tpyq;F G+id kw;Wk; eha; M. ahidapd; je;jq;fs; ntl;Lk; gw;fspd;; khWghL MFk;. 12. m. ehd;F miwfSld; $ba tapW cila tpyq;F khd; M. kdpjdpd; ruhrhp cly; ntg;gepiy 98.4F - 98.6F 13. m. kpl;uy;thy;T ,lJMhpf;fps;> ,lJ ntz;l;hpf;fps; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. M. <hpjo; kw;Wk; %tpjo; thy;tpd; gad; : ,uj;jk; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;tijj; jLj;jy;. 14.m. fhHbahf; jirapdhy; kdpj ,jak; RUq;fp tphpfpwJ. M. ruhrhp kdpjdpd; ,jaj;Jbg;G xU epkplj;jpw;F 72 Jbg;GfshFk;. 15. m. ,jaj;jpd; miw RUq;Fk; epiy rp];Nlhy;. M. ,jaj;jpd; miw tphptilAk; epiy la];Nlhy; 16. m. gwf;Fk; jd;ikAs;s ghY}l;bfs; ntsthy; M. flypy; thOk; ghY}l;bfs; lhy;gpd;> jpkpq;fyk;> ngd;Ftpd; 17. epug;Gf tpil: fopT ePf;f cWg;G ntspNaw;Wk; fopT fopTg; nghUl;fs; rpWePufk; rpWePH A+hpah> A+hpf; mkpyk; EiuaPuy; ntspNaw;wg;gLk; fhw;W fhHgd;ilMf;i]L> ePH Mtpahjy; Njhy; tpaHit mjpfkhd ePH kw;Wk; cg;Gfs;. 18. glk; tiue;J ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;
9.
6.tho;f;if
1. A,B Fwpg;gpl;l Fwpg;gpLf
,af;fr; nray;fs;
jhtuj;jz;bd; th];Fyhh; jpRf;fspd; ngah;fis
Page 20
m. A kw;Wk; B d; ngah;fis voJ M. A apd; topahf flj;jg;gLk; nghUs;fs; ahit? ,. B apd; topahf flj;jg;gLk; nghUs;fs; ahit? <. vt;thW A apd; topahf nghUs;fs; flj;jg;gLfpwJ? tpil : m. A iryk; B GNshak; M. ePh; kw;Wk; fdpkg; nghUl;fs; ,. czT kw;Wk; mkpNdh mkpyq;fs; <. ,iyfspy; eilngWk; ePuhtp Nghf;fpdhy; iryk; Foha;fs; %ykhfTk; l;uhfPLfs; %ykhfTk; nghUl;fs; ,iyfSf;F Nky;Nehf;fp flj;jg;gLfpwJ. 2. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; glj;ij ftdpf;f
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m. glk; A kw;Wk; B y; fhzg;gLk; ,af;fq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf M. vt;thW ,t;tpaf;fq;fs; njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp ,iyfspd; ,af;fq;fspypUe;J NtWgLfpd;wd? tpil : m. A jhtuk; - Gtp <h;g;G jpir rhh;G ,af;fk; B jhtuk; - xspj;jpir rhh;G ,af;fk; M. njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp jhtuj;jpy; Vw;gLk; ,af;fk; njhL czh;tpdhy; Vw;glf;$baJ. ,q;F tsh;r;rpapy;iy. ,J tsh;r;rp rhuh ,af;fk; . glk; A kw;Wk; B apy; fhzg;gLtJ tsh;r;rp rhh; ,af;fk; 3. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Cl;l KiwfNsh;L mtw;wpd; rpwg;G cWg;Gfs; kw;Wk; jf;f vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; nghUj;Jf. jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiw xl;Lz;zpfs; kl;Fz;zpfs tpil 1.jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiw gr;irak i`gp];f]; 2.kl;Fz;zpfs; ikf;Nuhiurh Nth;fs; khNdhl;Nuhg;gh 3.xl;Lz;zpfs; `h];Nlhhpaq;fs; f];Fl;lh ikf;Nuhiurh Nth;fs; gr;irak; `h];Nlhhpaq;fs; f];Fl;lh khNdhl;Nuhg;gh i`gp];f];
4. rh;f;fiu fiury; My;f`yhf khw;wkilfpwJ. m. Nkw;fz;l nraypd; vj;jifa epfo;r;rp eilngWfpwJ? nehjpj;jy; M. ve;j Ez;Zaphp <LgLfpwJ? <];l; 5. Rthrpj;jypy; FSf;Nfh]; vd;gJ 6 fhh;gd; nfhz;l Nrh;kk; , yhf;bf; mkpyk; vd;gJ 3 fhh;gd; fhpkr;Nrh;kk; 6. nghUj;Jf: 1. tp];fk; - xl;Lz;zpfs; 2. iryk; - ePh; 3. njhl;ly; rpZq;fp tsh;r;rp rhuh ,af;fk; 4. njd;id Nth; ntF njhiytpw;F nry;Yjy; - ePh;j;jpir rhh;G ,af;fk; 5. GNshak; - czTg;nghUs; 6. jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiw gRq;fzpfk; 7. ghf;Bhpaq;fs; - kl;Fz;zpfs; 8. MQ;rpNah];ngh;kfs; - ikf;Nfhiurh Nth; 7. njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp jhtuj;jpd; euk;G kz;lyNkh jirfNsh ,y;iy. Mdhy; ,j;jhtuj;ij njhl;lhy; midj;J ,iyfSk; RUq;Ffpd;wd. fhuzk; $W. fhuzk; :
jhtur; nry;fspy; cs;s ePhpd; mstpy; Vw;gLk; khWjy; NkYk; J}z;bYf;F clNd gjpy; tpid.
tsh;r;rp rhuh
,af;fk;
8. glj;jpy; ghfq;fis Fwp :
9. nghUe;jhjij Njh;e;njL : njhz;il tha; tha;f;Fop fizak; tpil : fizak;
10. kdpjdpy; Rthrf; fhw;whdJ ----------------- topahf ------------------------f;Fs; nry;fpwJ tpil : ehrpj;Jis , EiuaPuYf;Fs; 11. kPd;fspy; ePuhdJ ------- topahf clYf;Fs; nrd;W ePhpy; fiue;Js;s Mf;rp[d; ----------------- guTfpwJ. tpil :tha; > nrTSf;Fs;
7.Rw;Wr;#oy; ghJfhg;G
1; fPo;fz;l czTr;rq;fpypia gbj;J rhp nra;J mjid rh; nra;j mjid Mw;wy; gpukplhf khw;Wf czT rq;fpyp: ky;nghp - FUtp fk;gsp G+r;rp gUe;J tpil
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2.nghUj;Jf 1; 2; 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. rpijtilAk; fopT -Njhy; rpijtilahf; fopT - nefpop ,uhZt fopT - epyj;jpy;; epug;Gjy; jput fopT Mo;fpzW gha;r;Rjy; kUj;Jt fopT vhpj;J rhk;gyhf;Fjy; nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL Nkfj;jpy; J}Tjy; fUg;Gj; jq;fk; - ngl;Nuhy;
3.jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;L gpiofisj; jpUj;Jjy; 1. nefpop Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtiltjhy; ,J kl;Fk; fopT MFk;. jpUj;jk;: nefpop Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilahJ. vdNt ,J kl;fhj fopT MFk;. 2. kuf;fl;il Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilahJ. vdNt ,J kl;fhj fopT MFk;. jpUj;jk;: kuf;fl;il Ez;ZaphPfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilAk;. vdNt ,J kl;Fk; fopT MFk;. 3. fjph;tPr;R fopTfis vhpj;jy; %yk; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. jpUj;jk;: fjph;tPr;R fopTfis epyj;jpy; epug;Gjy; %yk; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. 4.tpdhf;fis vOg;Gjy;> gjpyspj;jy; 1. epyf;fhpia vhpf;Fk;NghJ ntsptUk; gRikaf thA ntg;gepiy khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. m. gRikaf thAtpw;F cjhuzk; nfhL fhh;gd;il Mf;irL
M. gRikaf thA tspkz;lyj;jpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; khw;wk; ahJ? gRikaf thA ntsptUtjhy; fhyepiy khWghl;bw;Fk;, Gtp ntg;gkhjYf;Fk; fhuzkhfpwJ. 5.czTr; rq;fpyp vd;why; vd;d? Mw;wy; czT %yk; xU caphpapypUe;J mLj;jLj;j caphpfSf;F flj;jg;gLjy; czTr; rq;fpyp vdg;gLk;. v.fh. Gy; ntl;Lf;fpsp jtis ghk;G fOF
6.caphp gpsh];bf; vd;why; vd;d? kf;fhr; Nrhsk; cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk; jhtug; nghUs;fspypUe;J jahhpf;Fk; gpsh];bf; nghUs;fs; 7.m) 1 kw;Wk; 3y; fhzg;gLk; epfo;r;rpfis vOJf. M) epfo;T 1 I tiuaW. ,) VNjDk; xU gbk vhpnghUis Fwpg;gpLf.
m. jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; Rthrpf;fpd;w NghJ fhh;gd; il Mf;i]il ntsptpLfpwJ. ,e;j fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L tsp kz;lyj;jpw;F nry;fpwJ. M. jhtuq;fs; jdf;F Ntz;ba czit xsph;r;Nrh;f;ifapd; %yk; jahhpj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,e;j xspr;Nrh;f;iff;F co2 ePh; kw;Wk; #hpa xsp Njit. co2 it tsp kz;;lyj;jpypUe;J jhtuq;fs; ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,. gbk vhpkg;nghUs; - epyf;fhp.
8. fopT ePh; Nkyhz;ik

1.m. ePhpdhy; cz;lhFk; Neha;f;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L ilgha;L > fhyuh>rPjNgjp M. gbe;j kw;Wk; kpjf;Fk; nghUl;fis ve;j Rj;jpfhpg;G Kiwapy; ePf;fyhk; ? Kjy; epiy Rj;jpfhpg;G 2. m. vJ jpUk;g ngw ,ayhj tsk; ? m) fhp M) ngl;Nuhypak; ,) ,aw;if thA <) midj;Jk; M. ,aw;if thAtpy; fhzg;gLk; Kjd;ikahd nghUs; ? kPj;Njd; 3. m. rJg;G epyq;fspy; kPj;Njd; thA fhzg;gLfpwJ. M. ANudpaj;jpypUe;J mZf;fU Mw;wy; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. 4. m. jpl>jput thA epiyapy; cs;s i`l;Nuh fhh;gd; ngl;Nuhypak; M. R+hpa Mw;wiy xsp kpd;fyk; %yk; kpd;dhw;wyhf khw;wyhk; 5. m. kPj;Njd; thAypUe;J cuq;fs; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. M. er;Rj;jd;ikaw;w ghJfhg;ghd xU vhpg;nghUs; i`l;u[d; 6. m. gNah My;f`hy; vd;gJ caphp vhp rhuhak; M. gNah Bry; vjpypUe;J jahhpf;fg;glfpwJ? jhtu vz;nza; kw;Wk; nfhOg;G 7. xU fpuhkj;jpy; 2008-2009 Mk; Mz.by; Vw;gl;l njhw;W Neha;fspd; tpguk; tl;l tiuglkhf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.mjid $h;e;J Nehf;fp fPo;fz;ltw;wpw;F tpilaspf;fTk;. ;
nlq;F fha;r;ry; rpf;fd; Fdpah fhyuh vypf;fha;r;ry;
m. ngUk;ghyhd kf;fis jhf;fpa Neha;fs; ahit? nlq;F fha;r;ry; >rpf;fd; Fdpah M. vt;thW ,e;j Neha;fs; guTfpd;wd? nfhRf;fspd; %yk; ,. kw;w ,U Neha;fis fl;LgLj;Jk; VNjDk; 3 Kiwfis vOJf. fhyuhit fl;LgLj;Jjy; : 1. khR mile;j ePiu Fbf;ff; $lhJ 2. fhyuhtpw;F jLg;G+rp Nghl Ntz;Lk;
3. ePiu nfhjpf;f itj;J Fbf;f Ntz;Lk; vypf;fha;r;riy fl;LgLj;Jjy; 1. Neha; gug;gpahd vypfis fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy; 2. jplf; fopTfis Kiwahf ifahSjy;. 3. kf;fSf;F tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;Jjy;. 14. nghUe;jhjij ePf;Ff: m. caphp My;f`hy; >gr;ir Bry;> caphp <jh>; ngl;Nuhypak; M. fhyuh >ilgha;L >nrhwprpuq;F> rPjNgjp nghUe;jhjJ m)caphp <jh; M)nrhwprpuq;F 15. Mw;wy; Nrkpf;f cjTk; rhjdq;fis fPo;fz;ltw;wpypUe;J Njh;e;njLf;fTk; 1) xspUk; gy;Gfs; 2) jhkpu kpd; ml;il 3) R+hpa ePh; R+Nlw;wp 4) kpd; ePh; R+Nlw;wp 5) lq;];ld; tpsf;Ffs; 6) kpd;dZ kpd; ml;il tpil: 1.xspUk; gy;Gfs; 2.R+hpa ePh; R+Nlw;wp 3.kpd;;dZ kpd; ml;il 16. khwpAs;s jpUk;gg; ngw ,aYk; kw;Wk; jpUk;gg; ngw rhpahf nghUj;Jf tsq;fs; jpUk;gg; ngWk; tsq;fs; jpUk;gg; ngw ,ayhj tsq;fs; tsq;fs; jpUk;gg; ngWk; tsq;fs; jpUk;gg; ngw ,ayhj tsq;fs; A fhp i`l;u[d; A R+hpa xsp Mw;wy; fhp B fhw;W ,aw;if thA B fhw;W ,aw;if thA ,ayhj tsq;fis C ngl;Nuhypak; R+hpa xsp Mw;wy; C i`l;u[d; ngl;Nuhypak;
17. jpUk;gg; ngw ,ayhj tsk; vd;gJ xU ,aw;if tsk;. ,jid kdpjEfh;tpd; Ntfj;ij tpl kpf Ntfkhf ,aw;if epfo;tpdhy; khw;wyhk;. Nkw;fz;l $w;iw gbj;J jtwhdjh my;yJ rhpahdjh vd;W cWjp nra;. jtwhf ,Ue;jhy; rhpahd $w;iw vOJ. tpil: $w;W jtwhdJ. ,aw;if tsq;fs; vd;gJ GJg;gpf;fjf;f tsq;fs;
18.
A kw;Wk; B efuq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; njhw;WNeha;fs; gl;il tiuglkhf nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ 1. nlq;F fha;r;ry; 2. vypf; fha;r;ry; 3. fhyuh 4. rpf;Fd; Fdpah 1. efuk; A y; fhzg;gLk; Neha;f;F vd;d fhuzk;? njhw;Wj; jd;ik tha;e;j ghf;Bhpah kw;Wk; itu]; cs;s ePiug; gUFtjhYk; gad;gLj;JtjhYk; ,e;Neha;fs; tUfpd;wd. 2. ve;efuj;jpw;F fopT ePf;fk; kw;Wk; J}a;ik mjpf mstpy; Njitg;gLfpwJ? efuk; Af;F fopT ePf;fk; kw;Wk; J}a;ik mjpf mstpy; Njitg;gLfpwJ 19. nghUj;Jf: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ePh;j;njhlh;Gila Neha;fs; jd; J}a;ikf; FiwghL Mw;wy; Nrkpg;G ,aw;if thA caphp vhp rhuhak; caphp Bry; gRikaf thA jpl jput thA epiy vhpnghUs; - kNyhpah - Njhy; Neha; - CFL - 90% kPj;Njd; - jhtuq;fspd; rh;f;fiug; nghUs; - jhtu vz;nza; - kPj;Njd; - ngl;Nuhypak;
5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhtpilfs;
1-kuGk; ghpzhKk;
1. kuGg;nghwpapay; vd;why; vd;d? 2. kuGg; nghwpapay; njhopy; El;gj;ij tpthp?
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3. kuGg; nghwpapaypd; ed;ikfisf; $W? tpil: 1. kuGg;nghwpapay; vd;gJ xU caphpapd; FNuhNkhNrhkpy; cs;s DNA tpy; Gjpjhf kugpay; gz;Gfisr; NrHj;Njh my;yJ Fiwj;Njh khw;wk; nra;Ak; njhopy; El;gkhFk;. 2. kugpay; njhopy; El;gk; Kjy;epiy - DNA it Jz;Lfshf ntl;LtJ ntl;lg;gad;gLk; nehjp nu];l;hpf;rd; vz;NlhepA+f;spNa]; (fj;jhpf;Nfhyhf) ntl;lg;gl;l DNA Jz;Lfis xl;litf;Fk; nehjp DNA iyNf]; 3. ed;ikfs; [Pd; mikg;G kw;Wk; nray;ghLfis mwpa mjpf mstpy; ,d;Rypid cUthf;f itu];fSf;F vjpuhf ,d;lHnguhd; cw;gj;jp nra;a kdpj tsHr;rp `hHNkhd; cw;gj;jp nra;a fhy;eil Nfhkhhp Neha;f;F vjpuhd jLg;G+rp jahhpf;f ep/[Pid ghf;Bhpahtf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj;j cjTfpwJ. 3. capH njhopy; El;gtpaypy; Ez;ZapH ngUf;fk; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;stw;iw $He;J ftdpj;J tpilaspf;fTk;. gad;fis vOJ capH vjpHg;G nghUs;fs; jLg;G+rpfs; capHnjhopy; El;gtpay; Ez;ZapH ngUf;fk; itl;lkpd;
fhpk mkpyq;fs;
nehjpfs;
gad;fs;: 1. capH vjpHg;G nghUs;fs; kdpj clypy; Neha; vjpHg;Gj; jd;ikia mjpfhpf;f> er;R Ez;ZaphpfSf;nfjpuhf kUe;J nghUs; jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ. 2. itl;lkpd;fs; Mw;wiy mspf;fpwJ. tsHrpij khw;wj;ij xOq;FgLj;JfpwJ. 3. nehjpfs; My;;f`hy; jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ. 4. fhpk mkpyq;fs; tpdpfH cw;gj;jp nra;a mrpl;bf; mkpyk; gad;gLfpwJ. 5. jLg;G+rpfs; Fwpg;gpl;l Neha;f;nfjpuhf nray;gLk; vjpHg;G nghUs;fs; (Md;bghbfs;) jahhpf;fg; gad;gLfpwJ. 3. kdpj ghpzhkk; fle;j 15 kpy;ypad; Mz;Lfspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f khw;wq;fis nfhz;ljhf cs;sJ. m. tsHr;rp ghpzhkj;ij Mz;L rhHe;J Kiwg;gLj;Jf. M Muk;gfhy N`hkpdpl;Lfs; tho;T Fwpj;J Fwpg;G vOJf.
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tpil m. ghpzhkk; Mz;L rhHe;J tifg;gLj;jy; Mz;Lfs; 15 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 3-4 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 1.5 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 1 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 75000 10000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 180000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; 10000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; kdpj ghpzhkk; kdpj clyikg;igf; nfhz;l Fuq;Ffs; > nfhhpy;yh> rpk;gd;rp kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs; - N`hkpdpl;Lfs; khkpr cz;zp N`hNkhvuf;l;l]; epahz;lHjhy; kdpjHfs; jw;fhy N`hNkhnrgpad;fs; Fiffspy; thOk; kdpjHfs; ehfhPf kdpjd;
M. Muk;gfhy N`hkpdpl;Lfs; tho;T : tho;e;j fhyk; 3-4 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; (kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs;) fpof;F Mg;gphpf;fhtf;F te;jdH. goq;fis cz;ldH fw;fshy; Md MAjq;fisg; gad;gLj;jpdH. 4 mb cauKilatHfs; epkpHe;j eil nfhz;ltHfs; 4. jz;L nry; cUthf;fk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F mjpf ed;ikia mspf;fpwJ. m. %ynry;fis tifg;gLj;Jf M. ];nlk; nry;ypd; Kf;fpa gz;Gfs; ahit? ,. %yr;nry;fs; vt;thW ngwg;gLfpwJ? tpil m. %yr;nry;fs; tiffs; 1. fUtpd; %yr;nry;fs; 2. KjpHe;j my;yJ cly;%yr;nry;fs; M. ];nlk; nry; gz;Gfs; 1. ];nlk; nry;fs; rpwg;gilahj nry;fs;> ikl;lhrp]; Kiwapy; gpsTw;W mjpf nry;fis cUthf;Fk; jd;ik nfhz;lJ. 2. %ynry;fs; xU Fwpg;gpl;l nraiyr; nra;Ak; jd;ik nfhz;lJ. v.fh. ,d;Rypd; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; gPl;lh nry;fs; ,. %yr;nry;fs; ngwg;gLjy; fU%yr; nry;: 5. Ma;tfj;jpy; clYf;F ntspNa nraw;if Kiwapy; fU cUthf;fg;gl;L mf;fUtpy; ,Ue;J ngWjy;. cly;%yr;nry; kdpjd; kw;Wk; caHtpyq;Ffspy; ,izg;Gj; jpR> jirr;jpR> vYk;GkQ;ir Nghd;w NtWghL mile;j nry;fspy; cs;s NtWghL milahj nry;fis gphpj;J ngUfr; nra;J fpilg;gJ.
2. Neha;jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk;
1. fyh Foe;ij ngw;Ws;shH. m. gpwe;j Foe;ijf;F Kjy; 6 khjq;fSf;Fs; toq;f Ntz;ba Neha;j;jLg;G+rp ml;ltiziz vOJ
M. ,j;jLg;G+rp %yk; ve;nje;j Neha;fis jLf;f KbAk;. tpil m. jLg;G+rp ml;ltiz t.vz; 1 2 3 4 5 taJ gpwe;jFoe;ij 15 ehl;fs; 6-tJ thuk; 10tJ thuk; 14-tJ thuk; jLg;G+rp BCG Nghypnahnrhl;L kUe;J DPT (Kj;jLg;G Crp) DPT & NghypNah DPT & NghypNah msT Kjy; jtiz Kjy; jtiz Kjy; jtiz ,uz;lhk; jtiz %d;whk; jtiz
M. jLg;G+rpfshy; jLf;fg;gLk; Neha;fs; 1. fhrNeha; 2. ,sk;gps;is thjk; 3. njhz;il milg;ghd; 4. ff;Fthd; ,Uky; 5. nll;ld]; 2.. cq;fs; gFjpapy; kNyhpah gutpAs;sJ. m. ,jidf; fl;Lg;gLj;j cd; gFjpapd; chpa mYtyHf;F MNyhrid toq;Ff. M. kNyhpahtpd; rhpahd Neha; mwpFwpapid NjHe;njLj;J vOJf tpil : FspH> eLf;fk; kw;Wk; fLk; fha;r;ry;> Ngjp. m. kNyhpahitf; fl;Lg;gLj;j cjTk; topKiwfs;: nfhRtsHr;rpiaj; jLf;f ePHj;Njq;fp ,Uf;Fk; ,lq;fis %lNtz;Lk;. rhf;filapy; ePH Njq;fhky; ,Uf;f rhpahd Kiwapy; tbfhy; trjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. njUf;fspy; nfhR tpul;Lthd; njspf;f Vw;ghL nra;aNtz;Lk;. kf;fs; nfhRtiy gad;gLj;j mwpTiu $wNtz;Lk;. Fsq;fspy; nfhRf;fspd; ,sk; caphp yhH;thf;fis cz;Zk; mapiu kPid tsHf;f NTz;Lk; 3. mf;NlhgH 15 iffOTk; ehshf nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. m. cd; ez;gDf;F if fOTk; ed;ikfisf; $Wf. M. xU ehspy; ve;nje;j Neuq;fspy; if fOTjy; nra;tha;. Tpil m. if fOTjypd; ed;ikfs; cs;sq;ifapy; cs;s Ez;fpUkpfSk;> khRfSk; czTld; fyg;gij jLf;fyhk;. tpuy; ,ilntspfis Rj;jkhf;fpdhy; nrhwp> rpuq;F tUtij jLf;fyhk;. tpuy; Edp> efq;fspy; efr;Rw;W tUtijj; jLf;fyhk; njhw;WNeha; fpUkpfs; jhf;Ftijj; jLf;fyhk;. M. if fOt Ntz;ba Neuq;fs;: czT cl;nfhs;Sk; Kd;Dk;> gpd;Dk; rpWePH fopj;j gpd;Gk;
foptiwf;Fr; nrd;W te;j gpd;Gk; Ma;tfg; gapw;rpf;F gpd;Gk; tpisahl;bw;F gpd;Gk; midj;J tifahd Rfhjhuf;Nflhd nghUs;fis ifahz;lgpd;.
4. jhtuq;fspy; ,dg;ngUf;fk;.
1. m. fdp cUthFk; epfo;r;rpiaf; $W. M. ,e;epfo;r;rpfis RUf;fkhf tpthp ,. ,e;epfo;tpid Fwpf;Fk; glj;jpid tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwp. tpil m. fUTWjypd; tpisthf fdp cUthfpwJ. M. fdp cUthFk; epfo;T kfue;jj;J}s; R+y; KbapypUe;J Kisf;f Muk;gpf;fpwJ. kfue;jj;J}spy; cs;s cly;nry; Kisj;J kfue;jf;FoyhfpwJ. cw;gj;jp nry; kfue;jf;Fohapy; gphpe;J Mz;NfkPl;Lfs; cUthfpwJ. kfue;jf;Foy; ntbj;J Mz;NfkPl;Lfs; fUg;igf;Fs; nry;fpwJ. mz;lj;Jld; xU Mz; NfkPl;Lk;. 2-k; epiy cl;fUTld; (epA+f;spa];) kw;nwhU Mz;NfkPl;Lk; ,izfpwJ. ,e;j ,iztpw;F fUTWjy; vd;W ngaH. KOikaile;j fUTw;w Kl;il ifNfhl; vdg;gLk;. ,J fUthf tsHfpwJ. ,. fUTWjy;
2. m. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspy; eilngWk; ghypdg;ngUf;f Kiwapy; <LgLk; ,uz;L epfo;Tfis vOJf. M. kjy; epfo;T kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; tiffis tpthpf;f. ,. mjdpd; ed;ik jPikfis vOJf. m. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspy; eilngWk; ghypdg;ngUf;f epfo;Tfs; ,uz;L. 1. kfue;j NrHf;if 2. fUTWjy;. M. Kjy; epfo;T kfue;jr;NRHf;if kfue;jj;J}s; R+y; Kbia milAk; nray; Gwf;fhuzpfs; fhw;W> ePH> G+r;rpfs; kfue;jr; NrHf;if ,uz;L tifg;gLk; 1. jd;kfue;jr; NrHf;if 2. may; kfue;jr; NrHf;if
Page 32
jd; kfue;jr; NrHf;if (Ml;NlhNfkp) xU kyhpd; kfue;jJ}s; mNj kyhpy; cs;s R+y; Kbia nrd;W miltNjh my;yJ mNj jhtuj;ijr; NrHe;j kw;nwhU kyhpd; R+y; Kbia nrd;wiltNjh jd; kfue;jr; NrHf;if vdg;gLk;. may;kfue;jr;NrHf;if (myNyhNfkp) xU kyhpd; kfue;jj;J}s; kw;nwhU jhtuj;jpd; kyhpy; cs;s R+y; Kbia nrd;wiltNjh my;yJ mNj ,dj;ijr; NrHe;j kw;nwhU jhtuj;ij nrd;wiltNjh may; kfue;jr; NrHf;if vdg;gLk;. ,.. jd;kfue;j NrHf;ifapd; ed;ikfs; : ,Ughy; kyHfspy; kfue;jr;NRHf;if fl;lhakhf eilngWk;. Gwfhuzpfs; Njitapy;iy kfue;jj;J}s; tPzhtjpy;iy jd;kfue;jr;NrHf;ifapd; jPikfs; Fiwe;j vz;zpf;ifapy; tpijfs; cUthFk;. tpijfs; kpf eyptile;j jhtuq;fisNa cUThf;Fk;. Gjpa tif jhtuq;fs; cUthf;fhJ. may;kfue;jr;NrHf;fiapd; ed;ikfs; Gjpa ufq;fs; cUthFk; jplkhd jhtuq;fs; cUthFk; ed;F Kisf;Fk; jpwDila tpijfs; cUthFk;. 3. fUTWjypd; tpisthf cUthtJ fdp> fUTWjy; eilngwhky; VNjDk; fdp cUthfpwjh? fdpfs; tifghl;bd; ml;ltiziaj; jUf. fUTWjy; eilngwhky; fdpfs; cUthFk; mf;fdpfs; fUTwhf;fdp my;yJ ghHj;jpNdhfhHgpf; fdp vdg;gLk;.
Page 33
fdpfs;tifghL fdp
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KOrijf; cs;xl;L cyHntb cyHntbahf; fdp rijf;fdp fdp fdp 1.ngHhp l;&g; 1.,UGwntb 1. mfpd; 2.n`];nghpbak; fdp(ny$k;) 3.Nghk;. 2.xUGwntbfdp 2.Nfhpahg;]p]; 4. ngg;Ngh 3. fhg;R+y; 3.rpg;nry;yh miwntbfdp jLg;Gr;RtH miwntbfdp 4. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu tpij mikg;ig tpthp (mtiu)
gpsTf;fdp 1. nyhnkz;lk; 2. fphpNkhfhHg; 3. nuf;kh
tpij jbj;J> Kl;il tbtk; nfhz;L nky;ypajhf xUGwk; tise;J fhzg;gLk;. nky;ypa tise;j gFjpapy; ePs;tl;lj;jpy; ntz;ikahd rw;W jbj;j u/Ng vd;w mikg;G cs;sJ. u/Ngapd; xU Edpapy; tsHJis my;yJ ikf;Nuhigy; vd;w rpwpa Jis cs;sJ. fUtpd; ika mr;rpy; rijg;gw;Ws;s ,Utpij ,iyfs; ,ize;Js;sd.
ika mr;rpd; xU Kidapy; KisNtUk; kw;nwhU Kidapy; Kisf;FUj;Jk; cs;sd.
5. jpus;fdp> $l;Lf;fdp jFe;j vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; xg;gpLf jpus; fdp jdp kyhpypUe;J cUthFk; jdpj;j xt;nthU R+y;ypiyAk; rpW fdpahf tsHr;rp milfpwJ. xU fhk;gpy; gy fdpfs; NrHe;J nfhj;jhf fhzg;gLk; fdpj;Njhy; ,Wf;fkhf fhzg;gLk; kyl;L kyHfs; fhzg;gLk; v.fh. nel;bypq;fk;> rPjhg;gok; $l;Lf;fdp kQ;rhpapypUe;J cUthFk; kQrhpapYs;s vy;yh kyHfSk; rijg;gw;Ws;sjhf khwp kpfTk; neUf;fkhf mike;J fdpahf cUthfpwJ. gyhf; fhk;G jbj;J rijg;gw;Wilajhf khWfpwJ. fdpj;Njhy; igNghd;W xU tpijAld; fhzg;gLk; kyl;L kyHfs; cz;Zk; G+tpjo;fSf;fpilNa fhzg;gLk; v.fh. mj;jp> gyhg;gok;
myF
gFjp - , Rw;Wr;R+oy; ghJfhg;G
- 7
1. m. fPo;f;fz;l nghUs;fis tifg;gLj;Jf. fl;il> fhfpjk;> gpsh];bf;> Gw;fs;. M. cd;Dila tifghl;bw;fhd tpsf;fj;ij jUf. Tpil: m. tifghL : 1. fl;il> fhfpjk;> Gw;fs; - capH rpijtilAk; foptfs; (kl;Fk; foptfs;) 2. gpsh];bf; - capH rpijtilahf; foptfs; (kl;fhj fopTfs;) M. tpsf;fk; : 1. fl;il fhfpjk;> Gw;fs; Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghLfshy; rpijtile;J tpLk;. vdNt ,jw;F capH rpijtilAk; fopT nghUl;fs; vd;W ngaH. 2. gpsh];bf; Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghLfshy; rpijtilahJ. vdNt ,f;fopTfSf;F capH rpijtilahf; fopTg;nghUs; vd;W ngaH. 2. cq;fSila gFjpapy; ePHjl;Lg;ghl;bdhy; kf;fs; mtjpAWfpwhHfs;. vdNt ePHjl;Lg;ghl;bid jtpHf;f vd;ndd;d Kiwfis ifahStPHfs;. Tpil ePHj;jl;Lg;ghl;bid jtpHf;f Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; eltbf;iffs;: 1. Nkfj;jpy; Ntjpg;nghUs;fs; J}Tjy; ePH NfhHj;j Nkfq;fspy; nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL Jfs;fis J}tpdhy; kionghopT Vw;gLk;. 2. cg;GePiuf; FbePuhf khw;Wjy; fly; ePiu FbePuhf khw;w jiyfPo; rt;T+L guty; Kiw gad;gLfpwJ. 3. mizfs;> ePH Njf;fq;fs;
mizfs; kw;Wk; ePH Njf;fq;fspy; mjpfkhf ePiu Nrkpj;J Foha;fs; kw;Wk; fhy;tha;fs; %yk; Njitg;gLk; ,lq;fSf;F ePiu nfhz;Lnry;yyhk;. 4. kioePH Nrfhpg;G tPLfspd; Nkw;$iu kw;Wk; ikjhdq;fspy; tpOk; kioePiu epyj;jbapy; Nrkpj;J kioePH Nrfhpg;G MFk;. ,jdhy; epyj;jb ePH mjpfhpf;Fk;. 5. njhopw;rhiyfspy; Nrkpj;jy; ,ae;jpuq;fis FspHtpf;f gad;gLj;Jk; ePiu kW Row;rp %yk; kPz;Lk; gad;gLj;jyhk; 3. Gif> Gif vq;F Nehf;fpDk; Gif kz;lyk; ,r;R+oy; cly; eyj;jpw;F Vw;wjh vd;gij Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhah? fhp vhpg;gjdhy; Vw;gLk; jPik gaf;Fk; nray;fis gl;baypLf. Tpil: Vw;Wf;nfhs;stpy;iy fhp vhpg;gjdhy; Vw;gLk; jPikfs; 1. epyf;fhpapy; cs;s fe;jfj;Jfs;fs; mkpy kioia cUthf;Fk;. 2. epyj;jb ePH kwWk; ePH ts Mjhuq;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ. 3. ePH kw;Wk; epyk; khR milfpwJ. 4. fhp khR Jfs;fs; cUthfpwJ. 5. ghjurk;> ANudpak; kw;Wk; MHrdpf; fye;j fyit kdpjDf;F jPq;F tpistpg;gNjhL R+o;epiy kz;lyj;ijAk; ghjpf;fpwJ.
Page 36
9.fiury;fs;; I. XU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs; 1. xU fiurypd; Jfs;fs; kP Ez;Nzhf;fp topNa njhptjhy; mf;fiury; $o;kf;fiury; vdg;gLk;. 2. Cg;gpd; fiujpwd; 100 fpuhk; jz;zPhpy; 36 fpuhk; MFk;.20 fpuhk; cg;G>100fp ePhpy; fiuf;fg;gl;lhy; njtpl;ba epiyia mila ,d;Dk; vj;jid fpuhk; cg;G Njitg;gLk;? 16fpuhk;. 3. ,Ukbf;fiurypy; cs;s cWg;Gf;fspd; vz;zpf;if ,uz;L. 4. Mo;fly; Kj;Jf;Fspg;gth;fs; Rthrpf;fg; gad;gLj;Jk thAf;fyit `Pypak;-Mf;]p[d; 5. xU cz;ikf; fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs; fiug;ghdhy; Md xU gbj;jhd fiury; rhf;gP]; Jfs;fs; jz;zPhpy; fiue;j fiury; gy gbj;jhd fyitahFk;.,J xU njhq;fy; MFk;. 6. Nrhbak; FNshiubd; fiu jpwd; 36fpuhk; 7. Nrhbak; iel;Nul;bd; fiujpwd; 92fpuhk;. 8. cz;ikf fiurYf;F xU v-fh jUf.rh;f;fiu fiury;>cg;Gf;fiury;. 9. fhh;gd;il ry;igilf; fiug;ghdf; nfhz;l fiury; ePuw;w fiury;(ePhpyp fiury;) 10. #hpa xsp Ek; tFg;gpd; [d;dy; topahf tUk;NghJ mjd; ghij njhptjd; fhuzk; xspapd; rpjwy; 11. Gtpapd; kzw;gug;G xU Fwpg;gpl;l mstpw;F Nky; iel;u[id jd;Ds; nfhs;s Kbahj epiy njtpl;baepiy. vdg;gLk. 12. xU ntg;gk; nfhs; nray;Kiwapy; ntg;g epiyia; mjpfhpf Fk; NghJ fiujpwd; mjpfhpf;fpwJ. 13. bz;lhy; tpisT $o;kf;fiury; Jfs;fspd; xspiaf; rpjwbf;Fk; gz;ig tpsf;FfpwJ. 14. Nrhlh ePh; ePh;kj;jpy; cs;s thA tiff;fiurYf;F Xh; v-fh. 15. Gpnusdpad; ,af;fj;Jld; njhlh;GilaJ $o;kq;fs;; 16. ePuw;w fiurypy; gad;gLk; fiug;ghDf;F XhpU v-fh jUf. ngd;rPd;> <jh;. 17. fiujpwd; kPjhd mOj;jj;jpd; tpisit tpsf;f gad; gLk; tpjp n`d;wpapd; tpjp. 18. kdpj clypy; cs;s fiury;fs; ,uj;jk;;> epzePh;. II.a) nghUj;Jf. 1. ePh;j;j fiury;-ePh; fiunghUs; 2. $o;kf;fiury;-gphpif epiyik gphpif Clfk; 3. fiury;- fiug;ghd; fiunghUs; 4. njhq;fy;-fiug;ghd; fiuahj Jfs;fs; 5. cz;ikf;fiury;-rh;f;fiu fiury; 6. ghy; -$o;kf;fiury;
7. Rz;zhk;G ePh;- njhq;fy; 8. ngd;rPd;-ePuw;w fiug;ghd; 9. $o;kj;Jfo;fspd; ,af;fk;-gpnusdpad; ,af;fk; 10. Xspr;rpjwy;-bz;lhy; tpisT b) jtWfis Rl;bf; fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf. 1. fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs;> fiug;ghdhy; Md ,Ugbj;jhd fyitahFk;. fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs;> fiug;ghdhy; Md xUgbj;jhd fyitahFk;. 2. xU njtpl;ba fiurypy; NkYk; fiu nghUis fiuf;f ,aYk;. xU njtpl;ba fiurypy; NkYk; fiu nghUis fiuf;f ,ayhJ. 3. fiujpwd;>fiug;ghd; kw;Wk; fiunghUs; jd;ikia nghUj;jJ my;y. fiujpwd;>fiug;ghd; kw;Wk; fiunghUs; jd;ikia nghUj;jJ 4 $o;kj;Jfo;fs; kPJ xspahdJ gl;L rpjWk; epiyNa gpnusdpad; ,af;fk; vdg;gLk;. $o;kj;Jfo;fs; kPJ xspahdJ gl;L rpjWk; epiyNa bz;lhy; tpisT vdg;gLk;;. c) 1. FWfpa tpilasp. Nkw;fz;l ml;ltizapypUe;J eptPh; czUk; cz;ikfis vOJf. Ntjpg;nghUs; fiujpwd;(250Cntg;g epiy) Nacl 36fp NaBr 95fp NaI 184fp 100 fp ePhpy; 36fp Nacl fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj; jUfpwJ. 100 fp ePhpy; 95fp NaBr fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj; jUfpwJ. 100 fp ePhpy; 184fp NaI fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj; jUfpwJ. 2. njtpl;ba fiurYf;Fk; njtpl;lhj fiurYf;Fk; cs;s NtWghLfis fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;l Fwpg;Gfs; %yk; jUf.m)16fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy; M)36fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy;(Fwpg;G:Nacl d; fiujpwd;36fp) t.vz; njtpl;ba fiury; njtpl;lhj fiury; 1 36fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy 16fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy; 2 fiujpwDf;Fr; rkkhd Fiwe;j msT fiu fiunghUisf; nfhz;l epiyahd nghUisf; nfhz;l fiury; fiury; 3 NkYk; fiu nghUisf; fiuf;f njtpl;Lk; epiy ,ayhJ. milAk; tiu fiu
4.
nghUisf; fiuf;fyhk;. ntg;gepiyia cah;j;jpdhy; mNj ntg;gepiyapy; NkYk; fiunghUis fiuf;fyhk; fiunghUis fiuf;fyhk;
3.rh;f;fiuia ePhpy; fiuj;J>njtpl;ba fiuriy cUthf;fpa gpd; Nkw;nfhz;L rh;f;fiuia fiuf;f KbAkh?Ek; vz;zj;ijj; jUf. mNj ntg;g epiyapy; rh;f;fiuia fiuf;fKbahJ. ntg;g epiyia cah;j;jpdhy; NkYk; fiuf;f KbAk;. 4.cz;ikf;fiuriy $o;k fiurypypUe;J NtWgLj;Jf. cz;ikf;fiury; $o;k fiury; 1 Jfs; msT 1A-10A Jfs; msT 10A-200A 2 Ez;Nzhf;fp %yk; Ez;Nzhf;fp %yk; ghh;f;fKbAk; ghh;f;fyhk; 3 4 5 XU gbj;jhdit vspjpy; guTk; Xspiar; rpjwr; nra;ahJ gy gbj;jhdit nkJthfg; guTk; Xspiar; rpjwr; nra;Ak;.
5. bz;lhy; tpisT vd;why; vd;d? xspahdJ $o;kj;Jfs;fspd; kPJ gl;Lr; rpjwbf;fg;gLk; epfo;Nt bz;lhy; tpisT vdg;gLk;. 6. gpnusdpad; ,af;fk; vd;why; vd;d? njhlh;e;J xOq;fpy;yh epiyapy; ,aq;Fk; $o;kj;Jfspd; ,af;fNk gpnusdpad; ,af;fk;. 7. fiujpwd; tiuaW. xU Fwpg;gl;l ntg;gepiyapy; vj;jid fpuhk; fiunghUs; 100fp fiug;ghdpy; fiue;J njtpl;ba epiyia milfpwNjh mJNt fiujpwd; MFk;. 8.n`d;wp tpjpiaf; $W. xU Fwpg;gpl;l gUkdsT ePh;kj;jpy; fiue;Js;s thAtpd; epiw mjd; kPJ nrYj;jg;gl;l mOj;jj;jpw;F Neh;tpfpj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;. 9.G+h;j;jp nra;f. fiu nghUs; fiug;ghd; v.fh jpz;kk; jpz;kk; cNyhff; fyit jpz;kk; ePh;kk; rh;f;fiu fiury; jpz;kk; thA Gif ePh;kk; jpz;kk; ghyilf;fl;b ePh;kk; thA Nkfk; 10.mZf;fSk;>%yf;$WfSk;
gphpT-M I.nghUj;Jf. 1)XuZ %yf;$W-epahd; 2)<uZ %yf;$W-FNshhpd; 3)%tZ %yf;$W-XNrhd; 4) gd;k mZ %yf;$W-ry;gh; 5)STP-y;; Nkyhh; gUkd;-22.4yp 6. Ntw;wZ %yf;$W ePh; 7. mNthNfl;Nuh vz;. 6.023 x 1023 8 My;gh;l; Id;];Bd; epiw - Mw;wy; - njhlh;G II. jtWfisr; Rl;b fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf. 1)xU mZ epiw myF vd;gJ c-12 mZepiwapd; 12 klq;F. xU mZ epiw myF vd;gJ c-12 mZepiwapd; 1/12 klq;F. 2)INrhNlhd;fs; epiw vz;zpy; xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. INrhNlhd;fs; epA+l;uhd;fspd; vz;zpf;ifapy; xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. 3)XNrhd; xU Ntw;W mZ %yf;$W. XNrhd; xU xj;j mZ %yf;$W. III. FWfpa tpilasp. 1.mZf;fSf;Fk;>%yf;$WfSf;Fk; cs;s NtWghl;il tpsf;Ff. mZf;fs; ;%yf;$Wfs; xU jdpkj;jpd; mbg;gil Jfs;fs; xU jdpkk;/Nrh;kj;jpd; kpf vspa mikg;gpd; myF gpizg;Gwhj Jfs; gpizg;Gw;w Jfs; jdpj;Njh my;yJ Nrh;e;Njh jdpj;Jf; fhzg;gLk; fhzg;gLk; 2.ePhpd; fpuhk; %yf;$W epiwia fz;fpLf. i`l;u[dpd; mZepiw 1fp>Mf;]p[dpd; mZepiw 16f ePhpd; %yf;$W epiw 2(1)+ 1(16)=18fp 3.Co2 thAtpd; fpuhk; %yf;$W epiwia fzf;fpLf. fhh;gdpd; mZepiw 12 Mf;]p[dpd; mZepiw 16 Co2 %yf;$W epiw 1(12)+2(16)=12+32=44fp 4.iel;u[dpd; %yf;$W epiw-28.mjd; mZepiw 14. iel;u[dpd; mZf;fl;L vz;izf;fhz;f. mZf;fl;L vz;= %yf;$Wepiw/mZepiw=28/14=2 5.iel;u[d;(N2)>Mf;]p[d;(O2) Mfpatw;iw Vd; <wZ %yf;$W vd $WfpNwhk;? iel;u[d;(N2)>Mf;]p[d;(O2) -y; xU %yf;$wpy; 2 mZf;fs; cs;sJ. vdNt ,ij <uZ %yf;$W vd;fpNwhk;. fhuzk; iel;u[d; kw;Wk; Mf;[p]d; jdpj;J ,Uf;f KbahJ. 6.mNthfhl;Nuh tpjpiaf;$W. xNu ntg;gepiy xNu mOj;jk; nfhz;l rk gUkDs;s thAf;fs; rk msT vz;zpf;ifAs;s %yf;$Wfisg; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.
7. xU jdpkj;jpd; midj;J mZf;fSk;> midj;Jg; gz;GfspYk; xj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy. Vd; fhuzk; $W INrhNlhg;Gfs; xNu jdpkkhf ,Ue;jhYk;> mjd; mZ epiw NtWghl;lhy; mjd; ,aw;gpay; gz;Gfspy; NtWghL cs;sJ. v.fh. 17Cl35 , 17Cl37
8.NfYhrhf; tpjpiaf; $W. Xj;j ntg;gepiy kw;Wk; mOj;jj;jpy; thAf;fs; xd;NwhL xd;W tpid GhpAk; NghJ tpidgL nghUspd; gUkDk;>tpid tpis nghUspyd; gUkDk; vspa tpfpjj;ijg; ngw;wpUf;;Fk;. 9.INrhNlhg;Gfs; vd;why; vd;d? Xj;j mZ vz;Zk;> NtWgl;l epiw vz;Zk; nfhz;l xNu jdpkj;jpd; ntt;NtW mZf;fs; INrhNlhg;Gfs; vdg;gLk;.v-fh 17C13517C137
10.INrhghh;fs;
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Ntjp tpidapy; <LgLk; kpfr;rpwpa Jfs; mZ. mZf;fs; gpsf;ff;$baJ.

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Ca40
2.%yf;$W epiwf;Fk; Mtp mlh;j;jpf;Fk; cs;s njhlh;ig tUtp.

xg;G %yf;$W epiw= xg;G %yf;$W epiw vd;gJ thA my;yJ Mtpapy; cs;s xU %yf;$wpd; epiwf;Fk; XU i`l;u[d; mZtpd; epiwf;Fk; cs;s tpfpjkhFk;. thAtpd; xg;G %yf;$W epiw=thA my;yJ Mtpapd; xU%yf;$W epiw XU i`l;u[d; mZtpd; epiw Mtp mlh;j;jp Mtp mlh;j;jp vd;gJ khwh ntg;gepiy kw;Wk; khwh mOj;jj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;l gUkDs;s xU Mtpapd; epiwf;Fk;>mjw;F rk gUkDs;s i`l;u[d; epiwf;Fk; cs;s tpfpjkhFk;. Mtp mlh;j;jp= xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------xU gUkDs;s i`l;u[dpd; epiw. mNthnfl;uh tpjpg;gb> xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw Mtp mlh;j;jp= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------xU gUkDs;s i`l;u[dpd; %yf;$W epiw. i`l;u[d; <uZ %yf;$W Mjyhy;> xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw Mtp mlh;j;jp= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2x1 i`l;u[d; mDtpd; epiw xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw 2xMtp mlh;j;jp= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 i`l;u[d; mDtpd; epiw 2xMtp mlh;j;jp= Mtp my;yJ thAtd; xg;G %yf;$W epiw
2xMtp mlh;j;jp= xg;G %yf;$W epiw 3. mNthNfl;uh tpjpapd; gad;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

1.thAf;fspd; mZf;fl;L vz;iz fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 2.thAr;Nrh;kq;fspd; %yf;$W tha;ghl;il fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 3.%yf;$W epiwf;Fk;> Mtp mlh;j;jpf;Fk; cs;s njhlh;ig tpsf;FfpwJ. 4.STP-y; thAf;fspd; Nkhyhh; gUkd; (22.4)yp) fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 5. NfYhrhf; tpjpia njspthf tpsf;FfpwJ.
11.Ntjp tpidfs; gphpT-m

xU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs; 1.Zn+2HCl---ZnCl2+H2 Nkw;$wpa tpid ve;j tpidiar; rhh;e;jJ? ,lg;ngah;r;rp tpid 2.nrk;gOg;G epwKs;s x vd;w jdpkj;ij fhw;Wld; ntg;gg;gLj;Jk; NghJ y vd;w fUg;G epw Nrh;kj;ij jUfpwJ. X kw;Wk; y vd;gJ Cu,Cuo 3.xU khztd; PH jhisf; nfhz;L Jh ePhpd; PHI Nrhjpj;jhd;. PH jhs; gr;;ir epwj;ij fhl;baJ.vOkpr;ir gor;rhw;iw ephpDs; tpl;lgpd; fhfpjk; rptg;G epwkhf khwpaJ.
4.Ntjp vhpkiy vd;gJ rpijTWjy; tpid 5.nyl; iel;Nul; gbfq;fis mjpf msT ntg;gg;gLj;Jk; NghJ mJ NO2 thAitf; nfhLf;fpwJ.kw;Wk; me;j thAtpd; epwk; nrk;gOg;G 6.rpy;th; iel;Nul; kw;Wk; Nrhbak; FNshiuL ePh;f;fiury;fisf; fyf;Fk; NghJ nts;is tPo;gbT fpilf;fpwJ. 7.gw;rpijit jLf;f ehk; gy; Jyf;f Ntz;Lk;.nghJthf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; gw;gir fhuj;jd;ik nfhz;lJ. 8.mrpl;bf; mkpyj;jpy; tpdpfh; cs;sJ. japhpy; cs;s mkpyk; yhf;bf; mkpyk; 9.PH=log10[H+] xU fiurypd; i`l;u[d; madp nrhpT 0.0019 vdpy; mjd; pH kjpg;G 3 10.Rl;l Rz;zhk;G ePUld; tpid Ghpe;J ePh;j;j Rz;zhk;ig cUthf;Fk; tpid xU ntg;g ckpo; tpid. 11. FSf;Nfhi] ehtpy; itf;Fk; NghJ rpy;nyd;w czh;T cz;lhf fhuzkhz tpid ntg;g nfhs; tpid. 12. nghl;lhrpak; FNshNul; ntg;g rpijT milAk; tpidA+f;fp khq;fdPR il Mf;irL. 13. czTg; nghUl;fis ghJfhf;f Nrhbak; ngd;NrhNal; gad;gLfpwJ. 14.tapw;W cghijfSf;F kUe;jhf gad; gLtJ nkf;dPrpak; i`l;uhf;irL. 15.nghl;lh\; gbfhuk; ,ul;il cg;gpw;F xh; v-fh MFk;. 16.ghhP]; rhe;jpd; %yf;$Y tha;ghL CaSO4.1/2H2O. 17.fhw;W milf;fg;gl;l ghdq;fspy; cs;sJ.fhh;ghdpf;mkpyk;. 18.,Uk;G JUg;gpbj;jy; Mf;]pNdw;w tpid. 19. FbePiu nke;ePuhf khw;w gad;gLk; Nrh;kk; ryit Nrhlh. 20.PH+POH=14 XU nghUspd; POH kjpg;G 3 vdpy mjd; PH kjpg;G 11. 21.gr;irepw jhkpu fhh;gNdl #L gLj;jpdhy; fUik epwkhf khWfpwJ. 22.mYkpdpak; ry;Ngl; fiurypy; cs;s mYkpdpa cNyhfj;ij Jj;jehfk; ,lg;ngah;r;rp nra;fpwJ.Vndd;why; Jj;jehfk; mYkpdpaj;ij tpl tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fJ. gphpT-M II.1 1)nghUj;Jf. 1.Mg;gps;- khypf; mkpyk; 2.jpuhl;ir-lhh;lhhpf; mkyk; 3.japh;-yhf;bf; mkpyk; 4.jf;fhsp- Mf;]hypf; mkpyk; 5.ghhP]; rhe;J- Kwpe;j vYk;Gfis xl;litj;jy; 6.kdpj ,uj;jk;-H P 7.35-7.45 7.ckpo; ePh;- H P 6.5-7.5 8.czTg;nghUs; ghJ fhg;G-Nrhbak; ngd;NrhNal; 2. 1. Rz;zhk;Gf; fy;iy #L gLj;Jk; NghJ 2.nkf;dPrpa ehlhit fhw;wpy; vhpf;Fk;NghJ ve;j tifahd Ntjptpidfs; epfOk? 1)rpijTWjy; tpid CaCO3CaO+CO2 2)Mf;rp[Ndw;w tpid Mg+O22MgO. 3. ed;F njhpe;j rpy nghUl;fspd PH nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ml;ltizia Ma;T nra;J fPo;fhDk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp. nghUs; PH kjpg;G ,uj;jk; 7.4
rikay; Nrhlh 8.2 tpdpfh; 2.5 tPl;L cgNahf mk;Nkhdpah 12 m) ve;j nghUl;fs; mkpyj;jd;ik cilait? tpdpfh; M)ve;j nghUs;fs; fhuj;jd;ik cilait? ,uj;jk;>rikay; Nrhlh >>tPl;L cgNahf mk;Nkhdpah 4.,Uk;G Mzpia jhkpu ry;Ngl; fiurypDs; itf;Fk; NghJ jhkpu ry;Ngl; Vd; epwk; khWfpwJ? tpsf;Ff. ,t;tpidapy; ,Uk;G>jhkpu ry;Ngl;by; cs;s jhkpuj;ij ,lg;ngah;r;rp nra;tjhy; epwk; khWfpwJ. Fe+Cu SO4FeSO4+Cu fhuzk:,Uk;G jhkpuj;ij tpl tpid jpwd; kpf;fJ. 5.rk ePsKs;s nkf;dPrpa ehlhit Nrhjidf;Foha; A kw;Wk; B apy; vLj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;. Nrhjidf;Foha; A apy; i`l;Nuh FNshhpf; mkpyj;ijAk;> Nrhjidf;Foha; Bapy; mrpl;bf; mkpyj;ijAk; Nrh;f;fTk;. ,uz;L mkpyq;fspd; msTk; nrwpTk; rkkhf cs;sd.mtw;wpy; ve;j Nrhjidf;Fohapy; tpid mjpfk; tPhpaj;jld; eilngWfpwJ.Vd;? Nrhjidf;Foha; A apd; tpid mjpf tPhpaj;Jld; eilngWk; fhuzk; i`l;Nuh FNshhpf; mkpyk; -typik kpF mkpyk;> tpid jpwd; kpf;fJ. mrpl;bf; mkpyk;(fhpk mkpyk;) typik Fiwe; j mkpyk;>tpid jpwd; FiwT. 6.xU fiurypd; i`l;uhf;]py; madpapd; nrhpT 1x10-8M vdpy; mjd; PH kjpg;G vd;d? OH=-log P 10[OH ] =-log10(1x10-8)=8 H OH P + P =14 H P =14- OH P =14-8=6 H P =6 12.jdpkq;fspd; Mth;j;jd tifg;ghL I.xU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpil 1.midj;Jk; fhpkr;Nrh;kq;fSf;Fk; mbg;gilahd jdpkk; 14 tJnjhFjpapy; cs;sJ. 2.jhJtpypUe;J cNyhfkhdJ yhgfukhd Kiwapy; gphpj;J vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.mYkpdpakhdJ ghf;irl;bypUe;J gphpe;J vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.,J jhJ vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. 3.jq;fk; vd;w jdpkk; Nrh;kkhf fpilg;gjpy;iy.,J fhw;W my;yJ ePUld; tpidg;Ghptjpy;iy. ,J jdpj;j epiyapy; cs;sJ. 4. ry;igL jhJit mlh;g;gpf;F gad;gLk;Kiw Eiu kpjg;G Kiw 5. ,Uk;gpd; kPJ Jj;j ehf Jfs;fis nky;ypajhf G+rpdhy; mjw;F Jj;j ehf Kyhk; G+Rjy; vd;W ngah;. 6. gw; Fopfis milf;f gad;gLk; ,urf;fyit Ag,Sn. ,urf;fyit. 7. %d;whtJ thpirapy; vl;L jdpkq;fs; cs;sd. mtw;wpy; vj;jid mNyhfq;fs; cs;sd? 5(C,N,O,F,Ne) 8. %d;whtJ njhFjp Kjy; gd;dpuz;lhtJ njhFjp tiuapYs;s jdpkq;fs; ,ilepiy jdpkq;fs; . 9. ,uz;lhtJ njhFjp jdpkq;fs; fhu kz; cNyhfq;fs; 10. JUtpd; Ntjpg;ngah; ,Uk;G III Mf;irL 11. mYkpdaj;jpd; jhJ ghf;irL
12. ve;j cNyhfk; ghjurj;Jld; Nrh;e;jhYk; mjid ,urf;fyit vd;fpNwhk; 13. mYkpdpak; cNyhff;fyit thD}h;jpapd; ghfq;fis jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ. 14. mzpfyd;fspd; J}a;ikia fzf;fplg; gad;gLk; tha;ghL 22/24x100 15. ,Uk;gpd; mZ vz; 26> mjd; vnyf;l;uhd; mikg;G 2>8>14>2 16. etPd Mth;j;jd tpjpapd; gb jdpkq;fspd; ,aw;gpay; kw;Wk; Ntjpay; gz;Gfs; mZ vz;Zf;F Vw;g Mth;j;jd Kiwapy; khWfpd;wd. II nghUj;Jf 1.mYkpdpak; - Mfha tpkhdk; 2. jhkpuk; - ehzaq;fs; 3. njhFjp 17 N`y[d; FLk;gk; 4. nkf;dPrpak; --gr;irak; 5. ,Uk;G -`PNkhFNshgpd; 6. fhy;rpak; - vYk;G 2. ,Uk;G JUg;Gbg;gJ thiy tb ePhpy; elf;Fkh?cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf. * thiy tb ePhpy; ,Uk;G JUg;gpbf;Fk; elf;Fk; * fhw;W kw;Wk; ePuhy; ,Uk;G JUg;gpbf;Fk; 3. mYkpdpa Mf;irilf; fhp nfhz;L xLf;Fk; Kiwapy; mYkpdpa cNyhfj;ij Vd; ngw KbahJ? *mYkpdpak; xU rpwe;j Mf;]p[ndhLf;fp *fhh;gid(fhp) tpl mYkpdpak; tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fJ. 4. ,Uk;G >mlh; HCl kw;Wk; mlh; H2SO4 cld; tpidg;GhpfpwJ. Mdhy; mlh; HNO3cld; tpidg;Ghptjpy;iy. cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf. *mlh; HNO3cld; tpidg;GhpAk; NghJ ,Uk;G Mf;irL glyk; cUyhjhy; > mUk;G jd; tpidj;jpwid ,of;fpwJ. 5. mYkpdpa cNyhff; fyit > thD}h;jpapd; ghfq;fis jahhpf;fg; gad;gLfpwJ. cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf. *mYkpdpa cNyhff; fyit ,NyrhdJ. *typikahdJ *mhpg;ig jLg;gJ 6. X vd;w nts;sp Nghd;w ntz;ik epw cNyhfk; Mf;]p[Dld; Nrh;e;J Y iaj; jUfpwJ. ,Nj Y vd;w Nrh;kkhdJ X ePuhtpAld; tpidGhpAk; NghJ i`l;u[id ntspapl;L fpilf;fpwJ. X kw;Wk; Y iaf; fz;Lg;gpb X mYkpdpak; Y: mYkpdh 4Al+3O22Al2O3 2Al +3H2O->Al2O3+3H2 7. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; : njh;ikl; gw;w itg;ghdpy; mYkpdpaj;Jld; Fe2O3 gad;glfpwJ. fhuzk; : mYkpdpaj;Js; xU typikahd xLf;Fk; fhuzp . cWjpg;gLj;Jjiy tpsf;Fk; tifapy; rhpahf cs;sjh Mk; . rhpahf cs;sJ. Vnddpy; mYkpdpak; Fe2O3 ia Fe ahf xLf;FfpwJ. Fe2O3+2Al 2Fe+Al2O3 cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; : fhg;gh; ghj;jpuq;fis J}a;ikg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy vdpy; gr;irepw gbkk; Njhd;WfpwJ. fhuzk; : ,e;j gbkj;jpw;fhd fhuzk; fhu jhkpu fhh;gNdl; tpil : cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; fhuzk; ,uz;Lk; rhp.
Page 45
8.glk; tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwpf;fTk;
A--fpuhigl; jz;Lfs; B-- fpuhigl; G+rg;gl;l,Uk;Gj;njhl;b C- kpd; gFsp D- J}a mYkpdpak; 13.fhh;gDk; mjd; Nrh;kq;fSk; gphpT - m 1.gf;kpdp];lh; Gy;yhpd; fhh;gdpd; GwNtw;Wik tbtk; 2.fpuhigl; mNyhfkhf ,Ue;jhYk; kpd;rhuj;ij flj;JfpwJ.,J jdpj;j vyf;uhd;fs; fhuzkhf flj;JfpwJ. 3. kPj;Njdpd; tha;ghL CH4 mjidj; njhlUk; mLj;j C2H6 <j;Njd;. ,J ,uz;bw;Fk; cs;s nghJthd NtWghL CH2 4.my;ifd; FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s Kjy; nrh;kj;jpd; ngah; <j;Njd; 5.fPl;Nlhd; njhFjp kw;Wk; My;bi`L njhFjpapy; tpid nray; njhFjp ,Wjpapy; cs;sJ? My;bi`L njhFjp 6.fhh;gdpd; ,idjpwd; 4. 7.fopTg;ghfpypUe;J vj;jdhy; jahhpg;gpy; gad;gLk; nehjp <];l; 8.v];luhFjy; tpidapd; tpida+f;fp mlh; H2SO4 9.ngl;Nuhy; kw;Wk; vj;jdhy; fye;j fyitapd; ngah; Mw;wy; My;f`hy; 10.my;Nfd;fspd; nghJ %yf;$W tha;ghL CnH2n+2 11.jdp My;f`hy; vd;gJ 100% Jha My;ffhy; 12.fhh;gh]pypf; mkpyj;jpd; tpid nray; njhFjp -COOH 13.vj;jdhiy fhuk; fye;j KMno4 mkpyk; fye;j k2 Cr2o7 nfhz;L Mf;]p[Ndw;wk; nra;Ak; NghJ cUthFk; mkpyk; vj;jdhapf; mkpyk;. gphpT - M
Page 46
1. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; :-fhpk Nrh;kq;fspy; cs;s gpizg;Gfs; rfgpizg;G jd;ik cilait fhuzk;: rf gpizg;ghdJ mZtpy; cs;s vyf;uhd;fs gq;fplg;gLtjhy; cz;lhfpwJ. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuzk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJ khdjhf cs;sjh? Mk; NghJ khdjhf cs;sJ. fhh;gd; jdJ 4 ,izjpwd; vyf;uhd;fs; %yk; kw;w mZf;fSld; gq;fPl;bd; mbg;gilapNyNa gpizg;ig cUthf;FfpwJ. 2. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; :-ituk; vd;gJ fhh;gdpd; GwNtw;Wik tbtkhFk;. fhuzk;: ituj;jpy; cs;s fhh;gd; ehd;Kfp tbtk; cilaJ. tpil : ,y;iy> xt;nthU fhh;gd; mZTk; mLj;Js;s 4 fhhgd; mDf;fSld; gpizg;Gw;W fbdkhd Kg;ghpkhd mikg;ig cUthf;FfpwJ. 3.cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;: Ra rfg;gpidg;gpd; fhuzkhf kpf mjpf msT fhh;gd; Nrh;kq;fs; cUthfpd;wd. fhuzk;:: fhh;gd; Nrh;kq;fs; GwNtw;Wik tbtj;jpd; gz;Gfis ngw;Ws;sd. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuzk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJ khdjhf cs;sjh? ,y;iy> fhh;gdpd; ,izjpwd; 4vd;gjhy; 4 gpw fhh;gd; mZf;fSld; Nrh;e;J gpizg;ig cUthf;f KbAk;. 4 cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;: vj;jdhy; ,ay;ig ,oe;jjhy; mJ Fbg;gjw;F Vw;wjy;y. fhuzk;:: nkj;jdhy; Nrh;g;gjhy; vj;jdhy; ,ay;ia ,of;fpwJ.Nkw;$wpa fhuzk; NghJ khdjhf cs;sjh? ,ij gUFtjhy; fz; ghh;it gwpNghjy;>caphpog;G Vw;glyhk;. 5.ituk; fhh;gDila GwNtw;Wik tbtq;fSs; xd;whFk;.mjd; fbdj;jd;ikf;fhd fhuzj;ij $Wf. ituj;jpy; cs;s xt;nthU fhh;gd; mZTk; kw;w 4 fhh;gd; mZf;fSld; gpizg;Gw;W fbdkhd Kg;ghpkhd mikg;ig cUthfpwJ. 6.Nrhjidf; Fohapy; nfhLf;fg;;gl;Ls;s X vd;w jplg;nghUis mrpbf; mkpyj;Jld;Nrh;j;J #LgLj;Jk;NghJ Y vd;w epwkw;w kzkw;w thA ntsptUfpWj. X kW;Wk; Y iaf; fz;Lgpb. x- Na2CO3 y-CO2 2CH3 COOH +Na2CO3---------->2CH3COONa+CO2+H2O (X) (Y) 7.C4H10 vd;w %yf;$W tha;ghL nfhz;l mizj;J khw;wpaq;fiAk; vOjp mjw;Fwpa IUPAC ngah;fis vOJ. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 gpA+l;Nld; CH3-CH-CH3 2-nkj;jpy; Gnuhg;Ngd;. 8.CWfha; gjg;gLj;Jtjw;F gad;gLk; A vd;w fhpkNrh;kj;jpd; %yf;$W tha;g;ghL C2H4O2 ,r;Nrh;kk; vj;jdhYld; tpdiGhpe;J ,dpa kdKila Biaj; jUfpwJ. i) A kw;Wk; B Biaf; fz;Lgpb. ii) ,k;Kiwapd; nganuOjp> mjd; Ntjp rkd;ghl;il vOJf. i) A-mrpl;bf; mkpyk; B-vj;jpy; mrpNll; ii)v];lh; Mf;Fjy; tpid
C2H5OH + CH3 COOH -----> CH3COOC2H5 +H2O vj;jdhy; mrpl;bf; mkpyk; vj;jpy; mrpl;Nll; 9. C2H6O vd;w %yf;$W tha;g;ghLila A vd;w fhpkr;Nrh;kk; fhuk; fye;j KMnO4 Kd;dpiyapy; Mf;]pNdw;wk; mile;J mNj fhh;gd; vz;zpf;ifAs;s B vd;w mkpyj;ij jUfpwJ. Nrh;kk; A MdJ kUj;Jtkidfspy; fhaq;fis Rj;jg;gLj;j gad;gLfpwJ. Nrh;kk; A kw;Wk; B ia fz;Lgpb. A ia B ahf khw;Wk; Ntjp rkd;g;hl;il jUf. A) CH3-CH2-OH vj;jdhy; B) CH3_COOH mrpl;bf; mkpyk; CH3-CH2-OH ------- >CH3COOH + H2O 10. v];luhf;Fjy; tpidia vOJf. vj;jdhy;> vj;jdhapf; mkpyj;Jld; mlh; H2SO4 Kd;dpiyapy; tpidGhpe;J vj;jpy; vj;jNdhNal; vd;w v];liuAk;> ePiuAk; jUfpwJ. C2H5OH + CH3COOH H2SO4 CH3COOC2H5 + H2O 11. nehjpj;jy; : nehjpfspd; %ykhf xU fhpkr; NrHkj;jpy; nkJthf Ntjptpid epfo;e;J rpwpa %yf;$Wfs; cUthtJ. 12. vhprhuhak; : vhprhuhak; vd;gJ 95.5% vj;jdhYk; 435% ePUk; fye;j fyit. 13. vj;jdhapf; mkpyj;jpd; gad;fs; : 1. tpdpfH jahhpf;f 2. Ma;tf fhuzpahf 3. ,ug;gH ghiy nfl;;bg;gLj;j 14. nghUj;Jf. 1. mkpyk; 2. My;bi`L 3. fPl;Nlhd; 4. My;f`hy; 5. ituk; 6. fpuh/igl; 7. epyf;fhp 8. /Gy;yhPd; COOH CHO C H O OH fbdkhdJ kpUJthdJ gbf tbtkw;wJ 60 fhHgd; mZf;fs;
gphpT , 1. nfhLf;fg;gl;l ml;ltizapy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;gTk; t.vz;. My;Nfd; My;yPd; My;Nfd; 1 2 3 C2H6 <j;Njd; C3H8 GNuhg;Ngd; C4H10 gpa+l;Nld; C2H4 <j;jPd; C3H6 GNuhg;gPd; C4H8 gpa+l;Bd; C2H2 <j;ijd; C3H4 GNuhg;igd; C4H6 gpa+l;ild;
2. gbthpirahdJ icwl;Nuhfhh;gdpd; gz;Gfis tpsf;Fk; jd;ikAilaJ. ,f;$w;iw tpsf;Ff. -gbthpirapYs;s mLj;jLj;j cWg;Gfspd; nghJ tpj;jpahrk; CH2 -%yf;$W epiw tpj;jpahrk; 14amu -xU tifj; jdpkq;fisAk; tpidj;njhFjpfkisAk; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.
Page 48
-gbthpirapYs;s midj;J cWg;GfisAk; xNu nghJ tha;g;ghl;by; Fwpf;ffyhk;. v.fh:my;Nfd; CnH2n + 2 -vy;yh Nrh;kq;fSk; xj;j Ntjptpidapy; <LgLfpd;wd. 3. gpd;tUtdtw;wpd; nghJg;ngah; kw;Wk; IUPAC ngah;fis vOJf. Nrh;kk; nghJngah; IUPAC ngah; GNuhg; g padhy; b i`L GNuhg;ngdhy; CH3 CH2 - CHO CH3-CO-CH3 il nkj;jpy; GNuhg;gNdhd; fPl;Nlhd;(mrpl;Nlhd;) CH3-CH-CH3 INrh GNuhg;igy; 2-GNuhg;gdhy; OH My;f`hy; CH3 COOH mrpl;bf; mkpyk; <j;jdhapf; mkpyk; HCHO ghHkhy;;bi`L nkj;jNdy;
,aw;gpay; 15- tpirAk; ,af;f tpjpfSk; myF - 1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10.
xU nghUspd; KLf;fj;jpw;F fhuzk; rkd; nra;ag;glhj tpir ce;j khWghl;L tPjj;jpw;Fr; rkkhd ,aw;gpay; msT tpir Xa;T epiyapYs;s fdkhd nghUspd; ce;jk; Rop Gtpg;gug;gpy; 50fp.fp epiwAs;s kdpjdpd; vil 490N caphp njhopy;El;g Crp kUe;Jfisf; Fspur; nra;Ak; njhopy;El;g mikg;Gfs; iel;u[d; xU nghUspd; Xa;T epiyiaNah my;yJ ,af;f epiyiaNah khw;Wfpd;w my;yJ khw;w Kaw;rpf;fpd;w nray; tpir vdg;gLk;. tpir xU ntf;lh; msT. mjd; S.I myF epa+l;ld; nghUspd; ,af;fj;jpw;F fhuzk; rkkw;w tpirfs; rkkw;w Gwtpirfs; nray;glhj epiyapy; nghUl;fs; jq;fs; epiyapNyNa njhlh;e;J ,Uf;Fk; gz;G epiykk; vdg;gLk;. ce;jj;jpd; myF Kgms-1
11. rha;jsj;jpy; nghUl;fspd; ,af;fj;ij Ma;T nra;jth; fypypNah 12. xU fpnyhfpuhk; epiwAs;s xU nghUspd; kPJ 1kPtp -2 KLf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpir 1 epA+l;ld; MFk;. 13. epa+l;ldpd; ,uz;lhk; tpjpg;gb F = ma 14. tpirapd; jpUg;Gj;jpwd; = F x d 15. <h;g;gpay; khwpyp G = 6.673 x 10-11 Nm2kg-2 16. re;jpuhad; 312 ehl;fs; tpz;zpy; nray;gl;lJ 17. rPdhtpd; tpz;ntsp epiyak; bahq;fha; - I 18. nghUspd; epiyk gz;G epiwiag; nghUj;jJ. gFjp M 1. fPo;f;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; xU nghUspd; epiwNahL njhlh;gpy;yhj $w;iw vOJf m) ,J xU mbg;gil msT M) ,J ,aw;gpay; jhuhR nfhz;L msf;fg;gLfpwJ ,) ,J tpy; jhuhR nfhz;L msf;fg;g LfpwJ Tpil : ,) ,J tpy; jhuhR nfhz;L msf;fg;gLfpwJ 2. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf m) tpir = epiw x KLf;fk; vdpy; ce;jk; = epiw x jpir Ntfk; M) jput i`l;u[d; uhf;nfl;by; gad;gLfpwJ vdpy; jput `Pypak; MRI glk; gpbg;gjpy; gad;gLfpwJ. 3. re;jpuhad; - I jpl;lj;NjhL njhlh;Gila rpy epWtdq;fspd; ngah;fs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Mdhy; rpy ngah;fs; mNjhL njhlh;gpy;yhjit. njhlh;gpy;yhj epWtdq;fspd; ngah;fis gl;baypLf. (,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T ikak;> ghgh mZ Muha;r;rp ikak;, ehrh tpz;ntsp ikak; INuhg;gpa tpz;ntsp $l;likg;G epWtdk; , cyf Rfhjhuikak;> vz;nza; vhpthAf; fofk;) Tpil: cyf Rfhjhu ikak;> vz;nza;vhpthAf; fofk;> ghgh mZMuha;r;rp ikak; 4. fPof;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; jtWfs; VJkpUg;gpd; rhp nra;f. m) xU epA+l;ld; tpir vd;gJ xU fpuhk; epiwAs;s nghUspy; 1ms-1 KLf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpirapd; msitf;Fwpf;Fk;. tpil : xU epA+l;ld; tpir vd;gJ xU fpNyh fpuhk; epiwAs;s nghUspy; 1ms-2 KLf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpirapd; msitf;Fwpf;Fk;. M) tpidAk; vjph;tpidAk; vg;NghJk; xNu nghUspd; kPJ nray;gLk; tpil : tpidAk; vjph;tpidAk; vg;NghJk; ,UNtWgl;l nghUl;fspd; kPJ nray;gLk;. 5. Fsphp njhopy; El;gj;jpd; Kf;fpakhd gad; Fsphp vhpnghUs; MFk;. Fsphp vhpnghUs; vd;gjd; nghUis czh;j;Jf
tpil : Fsphp vhpnghUs; vd;git kpf Fiwe;j ntg;gepiyapy; (123k f;Fk; Fiwthf) itf;fg;gl;Ls;s vhpnghUs;fs; MFk;. ,it kw;w vhpnghUl;fistpl kPj;jpwd; nfhz;lit. v.fh: jput i`l;u[d;> jput `Pypak; . 6. ,lQRop jpUg;Gj;jpwid Neh; (+) FwpapYk; tyQ;Rop jpUg;Gj;jpwid vjph; (-) FwpapYk; Fwpg;gpLtJ kuG. 7. nghUj;Jf. 1. Gtp <h;g;G KLf;fk; (g) -d; kjpg;G 9.8ms-2 2. <h;g;gpay; khwpypapd; (G) kjpg;G - 6.673 x 10-11 Nm2kg-2 3. Jg;ghf;fpRLk; NghJ mjd; ,af;fk; - epA+l;ldpd; Kd;whk; tpjp 4. Gtpad; epiw - 5.98 x 1024 kg 5. fhe;j xj;jpirT gpk;gkhf;fy; - jput`Pypak; 6. jLg;G CrpkUe;J - jput iel;u[d; 8.nghUj;Jf: 1. tpir - Kgms-2 ( or) epA+l;ld; 2. ce;jk; - Kgms-1 3. jpirNtfk; - ms-1 4. tpirapd; jpUg;Gj;jpwd; - Nm 5. gd; kjpg;G - Fj;Jauj;ijg; nghUj;Jk; Moj;ijg;nghUj;Jk; khWgLk; 6. re;jpuhad; - I kw;Wk; II - kapy;rhkp mz;zhJiu 7. ngUefuq;fspy; kpd;jpwd; mDg;g;PL - Fsphp thAf;fs; 9. jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf. m) epA+l;ldpd; ,uz;lhk; tpjpapd;gb xt;nthU tpidf;Fk; mjw;Fr; rkkhd vjph;tpid cz;L. tpil : epA+l;ldpd; %d;whk; tpjpapd;gb xt;nthU tpidf;Fk; mjw;Fr; rkkhd vjph;tpid cz;L. M) Jg;ghf;fpapd; epiw Fz;bd; epiwiatpl mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhy; Jg;ghf;fpapd; KLf;fk; Fz;bd; KLf;fj;ij tpl mjpfkhf cs;sJ. tpil : Jg;ghf;fpapd; epiw Fz;bd; epiwiatpl mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhy; Jg;ghf;fpapd; KLf;fk; Fz;bd; KLf;fj;ij tpl Fiwthf cs;sJ. ,) Jg;ghf;fp RLk;NghJ Fz;L mjpf tpirAld; Kd;Ndhf;fpgha;tJ vjph;tpidahFk;. Fz;L Jg;ghf;fpiag; gpd;Ndhf;fp js;StJ tpidahFk;. tpil : Jg;ghf;fp RLk;NghJ Fz;L mjpf tpirAld; Kd;Ndhf;fpgha;tJ tpidahFk;. Fz;L Jg;ghf;fpiag; gpd;Ndhf;fp js;StJ vjph; tpidahFk;. gFjp - , 1. m) epA+l;ldpd; Kjy; ,af;f tpjp tpirapd; gz;ig tpsf;FfpwJ. ,f;$w;iw epahag;gLj;Jf.
epA+l;ld; Kjy; tpjpg;gb rkkw;w Gwtpirnahd;W nray;gl;L khw;Wk; tiu ve;j xU nghUSk; jdJ Xa;T epiyiaNah my;yJ xNu Neh;f;Nfhl;by; mike;j rPuhd ,af;fepiyiaNah khw;wpf;nfhs;shky; njhlh;e;J mNj epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk;. v.fh: Nkirapd; kPJ itf;fg;gl;Ls;s Gj;jfk; xd;iw fUJNthk;. Tpir xd;W Gj;jfj;jpd; kPJ nray;glhjtiu Gj;jfk; Xa;T epiyapNyNa ,Uf;Fk;. vdNt xU nghUspd; Xa;T epiyia khw;w Kaw;rpf;fpd;w nray; tpir vdg;gLk;. M) 10 fpfp> 20fpfp epiwAs;s nghUs;fs; KiwNa 10 ms-1, 5ms-1 Ntfj;jpy; nry;tij glk; fhl;LfpwJ. Mit Nkhjpf;nfhs;fpd;wd. Nkhjypd;NghJ mit njhl;Lf;nfhs;Sk; Neuk; 2 tpdhbfs;. NkhjYf;Fg;gpd; mit KiwNa 2ms-1 ,4ms-1 Ntfj;jpy; nry;fpd;wd vdpy; F1, F2 ,tw;iw fhz;f.
tpil : m1 = 10kg
u1 = 10 ms-1 v1 = 12ms-1
m2 = 20 kg u2 = 5ms-1 v2 = 4ms-1
=
t = 2s
= -10N
tpid :
F1 =
vjph; tpid = F2 =
= 10N
vdNt F1 = - F2 2. m) tpz;ntsp epiyaq;fs; ePz;l ehs; tpz;ntspapy; jq;Ftjhy; kdpj clypy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfis Muhag;gad;gLfpd;wd. ,f;$w;iw epahag;gLj;Jf. 1. tpz;ntspapy; fhzg;gLk; (i) kpff; Fiwe;j kWRow;rp tPjk; (ii) mjpf fjph;tr P ;R (iii) Fiwe;j <h;g;G tpir Mfpait kdj clypy; tpisTfis Vw;gLj;Jk;.
2. ,J kdpjd; tpz;ntspapy; jq;Fk; fhyj;ij Fiwj;J mnrsfhpaj;ijAk; ePz;lehs; cly; eyg; ghjpg;igAk; jUfpd;wd. vdNt tpz;ntsp epiyaq;fs; ePz;l ehs; tpz;ntspapy; jq;Ftjhy; kdpj clypy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfis Muhag;gad;gLfpd;wd. M) F = Gm1 m2 / d2 vd;gJ epA+l;ldpd; <h;g;gpay; tpjpapd; fzpj tbtk;. epA+l;ldpd; <h;g;gpay; tpjpapid vOJf. mz;lj;jpYs;s xt;nthU nghUSk; kw;w nghUs;fis mtw;wpd; epiwfspd; ngUf;fy; gyDf;F Neh; jftpYk; ,ilj;njhiytpd; ,Ukbf;F vjph;j;jftpYk; mike;j tpirAld; <h;f;Fk;. 3.epiwf;Fk; vilf;Fk; cs;s NtWghLfs; ahit? epiw vil 1 mbg;gil msT top msT 2 nghUspy; cs;s nghUspd; kPJ nray;gLk; gUg;nghUs; msT <h;g;gpay; tpir msT 3 myF fpNyhfpuhk; myF epA+l;ld; 4 ,lj;jpw;F ,lk; khwhJ ,lj;jpw;F ,lk; khWk; 5 ,aw;gpay; jhurpdhy; tpy; jhurpdhy; msf;fg;gLfpwJ msf;fg;gLfpwJ 4.re;jpuhadpd; rhjidfs; ahit? 1. epytpd; kz;zpy; ePh; Kyf;$Wfs; mjpfg;gug;gpy; gutpapUg;gij fz;lwpe;jJ. 2. Gtpapd; KOtbtj;ijAk; Kjd;Kiwahf gjpT nra;J mDg;gpaJ. 3. epyT Kw;fhyj;jpy; Kw;wpYk; cUfpa epiyapypUg;gij cWjp nra;jJ. 4. 24-f;Fk Nkw;gl;l typik Fd;wpa #hpa xspg; Gay;fisg; gjpT nra;jJ. 5. epytpd; fdpk tsk; gw;wpa jfty;fs; ngwg;gl;lJ. 6. epytpd; JUtq;fs; kw;Wk; Kf;fpag; gFjpfs; gw;wpa jfty;fis mspj;jy;.
16.kpd;Ndhl;ltpaYk; Mw;wYk;
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 20 Xk; kpd;jilAs;s fk;gpapy; 0.2A kpd;Ndhl;lk; cUthf;fj; Njitg;gLk; kpd;dOj;j NtWghL 4V ,U kpd;tpsf;Ffspd; kpd; jilfspd; tpfpjk; 1:2 mit njhluhf xU Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wd vdpy; mit vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; Mw;wy;fspd; tpfpjk; 1:2 fpNyhthl; kzp vd;gJ kpd;dhw;wy; myF MFk;. xj;j epge;jidfspy; fUikg; gug;G kw;w gug;Gfistpl mjpf ntg;gj;ij cl;ftu;fpwJ. ,aw;iff; fjpupaf;fj; jdpkj;jpd; mZ vz; 82I tpl mjpfk;
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
kpd;Ndhl;lk; njhlu;e;J ghAk; %ba ghij kpd;Rw;W vdg;gLk; xU Rw;wpy; kpd;Ndhl;lij msf;f mk;kPl;lu; vd;fpw rhjdk; gad;gLfpwJ xU $Y}k; vd;gJ 6x1018 vyf;l;uhd;fspd; kpd;D}l;lj;jpw;Fr; rkk; kpd;dOj;j NtWghl;il msf;fg;gad;gLk; fUtp Nthy;l; kPl;lu; thzpg uPjpapy; kpd;dhw;wYf;fhd myF fpNyhthl;kzp Ntjptpid %yk; kpd;dhw;wy; ngw cjTk; kpd;fyq;fs; kpd;Ntjpapay; kpd;fyq;fs; vdg;gLk;. xU fpNyhfpuhk; epiwnfhz;l nghUs; KOtJk; Mw;wyhf khw;wg;gl;lhy; Mw;wypd; kjpg;G 9x1018J xU mZf;fU gpstpy; ,Ue;J cUthFk; ruhrup Mw;wy; 200
Mev
1 > 2 > kw;Wk; 3 kpd;jilfs; njhlupizg;gpy; ,izf;fg;gl;lhy; njhFgad; kpd;jil 6 15. Xk; tpjpg;gb V=IR 16. fjpu;tr P ;rpd; msT uhz;l;[d; vd;w myfhy; mstplg;gLfpwJ. 17. fjpu; tPrr ; pd; ghJfhg;G vy;iy thuj;jpw;F 250 kpy;yp uhz;l;[d; MFk;. gFjp - M 2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; : 1. fPo;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; Xk; tpjpNahL njhlu;gpy;yhjij vOJf. m) kpd;Ndhl;lk; / kpd;dOj;jNtWghL = khwpyp M) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL / kpd;Ndhl;lk; = khwpyp ,) kpd;Ndhl;lk; = kpd;jil X kpd;dOj;j NtWghL Tpil : M) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL / kpd;Ndhl;lk; = khwpyp 2. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf : m) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL : Nthy;l; kPl;lu; vdpy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; : mk;kPl;lu; M) ePu;kpd; epiyak; : kuGrhu; Mw;wy; vdpy; #upa Mw;wy; : kuGrhuh Mw;wy; 3. kuGrhuh Mw;wy; %yq;fspd; ngau;fs; fPNo jug;gl;Ls;sd. Mdhy; mtw;Ws; rpy jtW> jtwhdtw;iwg; gl;baypLf. (fhw;W Mw;wy;> #upa Mw;wy;> ePu;kpd; Mw;wy;> mZf;fU Mw;wy;> miy Mw;wy;> Gtp-mdy; Mw;wy;) tpil : ePu;kpd; Mw;wy;> miy Mw;wy;> Gtp mdy; Mw;wy; 4. fPo;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; cs;s jtWfisr; rup nra;f. m) rpwe;j Mw;wy; %yk; vd;gJ Xu; myF epiwf;F Fiwe;j msT Ntiy nra;af;$baJ. tpil : rpwe;j Mw;wy; %yk; vd;gJ Xu; myF epiwf;F mjpf msT Ntiy nra;af;$baJ. M) cgNahfpf;ff; $ba tbtpy; cs;s Mw;wiy kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ehk; gad;gLj;jyhk;.
tpil : cgNahfpf;ff; $ba tbtpy; cs;s Mw;wiy kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ehk; gad;gLj;j ,ayhJ. 5. vspikahd FwpaPLfisg; gad;gLj;jp xU kpd; Rw;wpd; gy;NtW cWg;Gfis ,izj;Jg; ngwg;gLk; glk; kpd;Rw;Wg;glk; vdg;gLk; gy;NtW cWg;Gfs; vd;gij vt;thW Gupe;J nfhs;ssyhk;? xU kpd;Rw;iw ,izf;fg; gad;gLk; gy;NtW cWg;Gfs; vd;gd kpd;fyk;> rhtp> kpd;tpsf;F> kpd; jil> mk;kPl;lu; Nghd;w fUtpfs; vdg; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;. 6.fPo;fhZk; tiuglk; V kw;Wk; I-d; njhu;igf; fhl;LfpwJ. glj;jpypUe;J kpd;dOj;j NtWghL 0.8X kw;Wk; 1.2X cs;sNghJ V/I-d; kjpg;Gfs; vddthf ,Uf;Fk;
V/I d; kjpg;G xU khwpypahFk;
7.
fhkhf;fjpu;fs; ,aw;iff; fjpupaf;fj; jdpkq;fshy; ntsptplg;gLk; Mgj;jhd fjpu;tr P ;rhFk;. m) ,aw;iff; fjpupaf;fj; jdpkq;fs; ntspapLk; NtW fjpu;tr P ;Rfs; ahit? tpil : My;gh () kw;Wk; gPl;lh () fjpu;fs; M) fPo;fhZk; $w;Wfis NkNy nrhy;Yk; fjpu;tr P ;RfNshL njhlu;GgLj;jp ml;ltizapLf. $w;W fjpu;fs; (i) mit kpd;fhe;j fjpu;tPr;Rfs; fhkh () fjpu;fs; (ii) mit mjpf CLUTjpwd; fhkh () fjpu;fs; nfhz;lit (iii) mit vyf;l;uhd;fs; gPl;lh ()fjpu;fs; (iv) mit epA+l;uhd;fisg; My;gh ()fjpu;fs;
ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd 8.1.5 V kpd;dpaf;F tpir nfhz;l ,U kpd;fyd;fs; 5> 10> 15 kpd;jilfs; kw;Wk; rhtp ,tw;iwj; njhluhff; nfhz;l xU Rw;W glj;jpid tUf.
9. 10.
kpd; cUfp fhupak; kw;Wk; <ak; cNyhff;fyitahy; Md fk;gp MFk;. ,J mjpf kpd; jilAk; Fiwe;j cUFepiyAk; nfhz;lJ. fPo;fhZk; Rw;Wg;glj;ij cw;WNehf;fp ABf;F ,ilNa njhFgad; kpd;jil fhz;f.
R1, R2 gf;f ,izg;ghy; cs;sd. njhFgad; kpd;jil 1/R12 = 1/R1 + 1/R2 1/R12 = 1/1 + 1/1=2 R12 = Xk; R3, R4 gf;f ,izg;gpy; cs;sd njhFgad; kpd;jil 1/R34, = 1/R3 + 1/R4
1/R34 = 1/1 + 1/1 = 2 R34 = Xk; R12 kw;Wk; R34 Mfpait njhlu;epiyapy; cs;sd. njhFgad; kpd;jil R = R12 + R34 = + R = 1 Xk;
11.
milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nrhw;fspy; cupadtw;iwj; Nju;e;njLj;J fPo;fhZk; ml;lizia epug;Gf. (Jj;jehfk;> jhkpuk;> fhu;gd;> fhupak;> fhu;gd;-il-Mf;i]L> mYkpdpak;) Neu;kpd;tha; fhupa mkpy Nrkf;fyd; vjpu;kpd;tha; nyf;yhQ;rp kpd;fyd; Neu;kpd;tha; vjpu;kpd;tha; fhupa mkpy Nrkf;fyd; nyf;yhQ;rp kpd;fyk; fhupak; Jj;jehfk;
tpil
12.
13.
nghUj;Jf: a) kpd;Ndhl;lk; Q/t b) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL W/Q c) Mw;wy; VI d) ntg;gk; VIt fPo;f;fz;l glq;fis tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwp.
Page 57
14.
kpd;fyd;> tpsf;F> mk;kPl;lu; kw;Wk; rhtp ,tw;iwf;nfhz;l xU kpd;Rw;W glk; tiuf.

15.
1> 2> 3 kpd;jilf;nfhz;l njhlupidg;gpd; njhFkpd;jiliaf; fhz;f.

R1 = 1; R2 = 2 , R3 = 3 R = 1+2+3 = 6
16.
rhjhuz kpd;fyj;jpd; glj;jpid tiue;J> ghq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;.
17.
nghUj;Jf : Xk; tpjp kpd;D}l;lk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; kpd;jil kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; ntg;gtpisT kpd;jpwd;
[hu;[; irkd; Xk; $Yk; Mk;gpah; Xk; [Py; thl;

Page 59
kpd;dhw;wy; Kjy;kpd;fyk; fjpupaf;fk; [d;];Bd;
thl;kzp Nthy;lh n`d;wp ngf;nfhuy;

E = mC2
17. kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; fhe;j tpisTk; xspapYk; gFjp-m 1. Mbapy; cUthFk; cUtg;ngUf;fk; 1/3 vdpy; me;j Mbapd; tif> Fop Mb 2. xU fk;gpr;RUNshL Nghnjy;yhk; mr;Rw;wpy; kpdfhe;jj; J}z;ly; njhlu;Gila fhe;jg;ghak; kpd;dpaf;F tpir cUthFk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; mjidr; khWk; epfo;T Rw;wp
3. cNyhff; flj;jpapy; ghAk; fhe;jg;Gyj;ij cUthf;Fk;.
4. ghu;itg;Gyk; ngUk msthf miktJ Ftp Mbapy; 5. 10 nr.kP Ftpapj; njhiyTs;s Ftpnyd;rpy; ,Ue;J 25 nr.kP njhiytpy; nghUs; itf;fg;LfpwJ vdpy; gpk;gj;jpd; njhiyT 16.66 nr.kP MFk;. 6. fhe;jg;Gyk; vz; kpjg;Gk;> jpir msTk; nfhz;ljhFk; 7. fhe;j Gyf;NfhLfs; fhe;jj;jpd; njd;Kidapy; KbtilAk;. tlKidapy; njhlq;fp
8. fj;jpapy; ghAk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ mjdhy; Vw;gLk; fhe;jGyj;jpd; msTk; mjpfupf;Fk;. 9. kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; Neu; flj;japy; cUthFk; fhe;jGyk; mjd; njhiyit rhu;e;J mikAk;. 10. tl;lr;RUspd; ikaj;ijr; nrd;wilAk; tisaq;fs; Neu;Nfhlhf mikAk;.
Government of Tamilnadu Department of School Education
NghJ
fhe;j
Page 60
11. kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; mYkpdpaj;jz;Lfhe;j itf;fg;gl;lhy; mJ tpiria czUk;.
Gyj;jpd;
kPJ
12. Nfhsf Mbapy; vjpnuhspf;Fk; gug;gpd; ikag;Gs;sp Mb ikak; vdg;gLk;. (P) 13. Mb ve;j Nfhdj;jpd; gFjpNah> me;jf; Mbapd; tisT ikak; vdg;gLk;. (C) Nfhsj;jpd; ikak;
14. Nfhsf Mb ve;jf; Nfhsj;jpd; gFjpNah mjd; Muk; Mbapd; tisT Muk; (R) vdg;gLk; 15. Mbf;Fk; gpk;gj;jpw;Fk; J}ukhFk;. cs;s njhiyT> Mbapd; Ftpa
16. Mbfspd; tisT Muk; FtpaJ}uj;jpd; ,Uklq;F MFk;;> R=2f 17. vjpnuhspf;Fk; fjpu;fs; ,Ug;gplkhFk;. ntl;bf; nfhs;Sk; Gs;sp> gpk;gj;jpd;
18. ntw;wplj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; 3x108 m/sec 19. nyd;rpd; Ftpaj; njhiytpd; jiofPop mjd; jpwd; MFk;. 20. epwq;fs; njhFg;G epwkhiy (VIBGYOR) vdg;gLk;. 21. Iup]; vd;gJ fz;ghu;itiaf; fl;LgLj;Jk; jirg;glyk; 22. fp;l;lg;ghu;it rup nra;a Fopnyd;R> J}ug;ghu;itia rup nra;a Ftp nyd;R gad;gLfpwJ. 23. i`gu;nkl;Nuhgpah vd;gJ J}ug;ghu;it MFk;. 24. nghUis njspthf fhz md;ikg;Gs;sp 25 cm mjpfkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. 25. `g;Gs; njhiyNehf;fp thdpapy; njhiyNehf;fp MFk;.
gFjp M
1. gpd;tUk; $w;wpy; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpirkhw;wpf;Fg; nghUj;JtJ
m) fhy;tdh kPl;lu; mjd; miytpyh epiyf;Fj; jpirkhw;wpia gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; M) kpd;khw;wp kpd; mOj;jj;ij cau;j;Jtjw;Fj; jpir khw;wpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; ,) kpd;Nkhl;lhu; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpiria khw;wpj;jpir khw;wpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;. tpil: kpd;Nkhl;lhu; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpiria khw;wpj; jpir khw;wpia gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;. Nfhbl;l ,lj;ij epug;gTk;. m) Nkhl;lhu;: epiyf;fhe;jk;> thzpf Kiwapyhd Nkhl;lhu; kpd;fhe;jk;. M) Ftpaj;njhiyT: kPl;lu;;: nyd;rpd; jpwd;: ilahg;lu; 3. gpd;tUk; nrhw;nwhlupy; gpiofs; ,Ug;gpd; jpUj;jTk;. m) fhe;jGyk; vz;kjpg;G kl;Lk; nfhz;l msT M) fhe;j tpirf;NfhLfs; fhe;jj; njd;Kidapy; njhlq;fp tlKidapy; KbAk;. tpil: fhe;jg;Gyk; vz;kjpg;Gk;> jpirAk; nfhz;l msthFk; fhe;j tpirf;NfhLfs; fhe;j tlKidapy; njhlq;fp njd;Kidapy; KbAk; 4. flj;jp xd;wpd; topNa xU jpirapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;NghJ fhe;j Crpapd; tlKid fpof;F Nehf;fp tpyfy; milfpwJ. kpd;Ndhl;lk; vjpu;jpirapy; ghAk;NghJ Nkw;F Nehf;fp tpyfy; milfpwJ. ,jdpd;Wk; eP mwptijf; $W. tpil: kpd;Ndhl;lk; gha;tjhy; Njhd;Wk; fhe;j Gyj;jpd; jpir kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpiria rhu;e;jJ. vdNt ,t;thW eilngWfpwJ. 5.gpd;tUk; fjpu;tiuglk; Fopahbapy; gpk;gk; Njhd;Wtijf; Fwpf;fTk; 2.
.
a) mjpYs;s jtiwf; fz;L> gpioaw;w fjpu;glk; tiuf b) cd; jpUj;jj;jpw;fhd tpdf;fk; jUf. tpil:
a)
b) Fop Mbapd; Ftpaj;jpd; topNa nry;Yk; gLfjpu;> vjpnuhspg;Gf;Fg; gpd; Kjd;ik mr;Rf;F ,idahfr; nry;Yk;. 6. Nghf;Ftuj;Jf; fl;Lg;ghl;L tpsf;Ffspy; rptg;G epw tpsf;F gad;gLj;jg;gLtjd; fhuzk; mjd; mjpfkhd miyePskhFk;. 7. fPOs;stw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; fz;zpd; ghfq;fis vOJf. a) fz; ghu;itiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; ,Udl;l jirg;glyk; Iup]; b) fz;zpy; nghUspd; gpk;gk; cz;lhFk; gug;G tpopj;jpiu 8. ikNahgpah vd;gJ fz;zpy; xsptpyfspy; Vw;gLk; fpl;lg;ghu;itf; FiwghL MFk;. ,e;jf;Fiw cs;stu;fs; mUfpYs;s nghUisj; njspthfg; ghu;ff ; yhk;. Vw;w jpwDs;s Fopnyd;R nfhz;L ,f;Fiwia rup nra;ayhk;. m) ,Nj tifahd NtW ,uz;L tiff; FiwghLfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. M) mtw;iw rup nra;Ak; Kiwia czu;j;Jf. tpil:
a) i`gu; nkl;Nuhgpah vd;gJ J}ug;ghu;it vdg;gLk; mUfpYs;s nghUs;fisj; njspthf fhz ,ayhJ. jFe;j jpwDila Ftpnyd;ir gad;gLj;jp ,ij rup nra;ayhk;. b) gpu];igNghgpah vd;gJ tajhdtu;fshy; mUfpy; cs;s nghUs;fis njspthfTk; trjpahfTk; ghu;f;f ,ayhJ. ,ij ,UFtpaf; fz;zhbfisg; gad;gLj;jp rup nra;ayhk;. 9) nghUj;Jf: a) kpd;fhe;jj; J}z;ly; ----> b) kpd;dpapw;wp ----> c) Mbr;rkd;ghL d) ];ney; tpjp ----> ----> ghuNl ve;jpu Mw;wy; kpd;dhw;wyhf khWjy; 1/f = 1/v + 1/u sin i/sin r = khwpyp
10. xU nyd;rpd; Ftpaj;J}uk; 2kP vdpy;> nyd;rpd; jpwd; fhz;f tpil: nyd;rpd; FtpapJ}uk; (f) = - 2 kP nyd;rpd; jpwd; (p) = 1/f => 1/-2 =>-0.5 ilahg;lu; 11. nghUj;Jf: a) fhu;dpah ----> tpop ntz;glyk; b) xsp czu; nry;fs; ----> tpopj;jpiu c) ikNahgpah ----> ePdl ; tpopf;Nfhsk; d) i`gu;nkl;Nuhgpah ----> rpwpa tpopf;Nfhsk; 12. a) fPo;fz;l glj;jpy; ve;j fhe;j Crp fhe;j Gyj;jpd; jpiria rupahff; fhl;LfpwJ.
b) thdpay; Ma;thsu; xUtUf;F thdk; cjhtpw;Fg; gjpyhf ,Uz;L fhzg;gLfpwJ. fhuzk; jUf tpil: a) fhe;j Crp - a b) fhuzk; tsp kz;lyk; ,y;iy vdNt xspr;rpjwy; ,y;iy.
vdNt thdk; ,Uz;L fhzg;gLfpwJ.
gFjp-,
1. fPo;ff ; z;l ghfq;fisg; glj;jpy; Fwpf;fTk; i) a) gLfjpu; b) tpyFfjpu; c) kps;fjpu; Nfhzk; e) jpirkhw;wf; Nfhzk; f) tpLNfhzk; d) tpyF
ii) ituj;jpd; xsptpyfy; vz;. 2.42> xspapd; jpirNtfj;ijg; nghWj;J ,r;nrhw;nwhlupd; nghUs; ahJ? tpil: i) PE = gLfjpu;; ; EF = tpyFfjpu; FS=kPs;fjpu; ; r = tpyFNfhdk; jpirkhw;wf; Nfhdk; e =tpLNfhzk; ii) xsp tpyfy; vz; vd;gJ Clfq;fspy; xspapd; jpirNtfj;NjhL njhlu;GilaJ. xsp tpyfy; vz; = fhw;wpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; Clfj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; ,j;njhlupy; ,Ue;J xsptpyfy; vz; ituj;jpw;F 2.42 vd;gjhFk;. d=
Page 65
a) NkNy cs;s glj;ij kPz;Lk; tiuf b) ,g;glk; Fwpg;gpLtJ c) glj;jpy; Kf;fpakhd ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;. d) ,r;rhjdk; vj;jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; nray;gLfpwJ. e) ,r;rhjdj;jpy; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpirfhDk; topia czu;j;Jf tpil:
Page 66
b) AC kpd;dpaw;wp c) ABCD ---> fhg;gplg;gl;l nrt;tf totf; fk;gpr; RUs;. NS ---> epiyf;fhe;jk; B1,B2 ---> J}upiffs; S1,S2 ---> eOT tisaq;fs; R ....> kpd;jilahf;fp d) gpskpq; tyf;if tpjp. e)1) gpskpq; tyf;if tpjpg;gb> J}z;lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpiria mwpayhk; 2) fk;gpr;RUs; ABCD topahf tyQ;Ropahf RoYk;NghJ J}z;lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lk; RUspy; ABCD jpirapy; ghAk; 3) miur;Rw;wpw;Fg; gpwF RUspy; J}z;lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lk; DCBA jpirapy; ghAk;.
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10th Standard Public Examination 2012-13 Tamil Nadu Board Blue Print and Model Questions

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Department of School Education

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

Department of School Education

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6. glj;jpy; x kw;Wk; y ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;

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BCG DPT MMR TT

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

8. glj;jpy; ghfq;fis Fwp :

9. nghUe;jhjij Njh;e;njL : njhz;il tha; tha;f;Fop fizak; tpil : fizak;

Department of School Education

8. fopT ePh; Nkyhz;ik

nlq;F fha;r;ry; rpf;fd; Fdpah fhyuh vypf;fha;r;ry;

Department of School Education

Department of School Education

Department of School Education

Department of School Education

gpsTf;fdp 1. nyhnkz;lk; 2. fphpNkhfhHg; 3. nuf;kh

ika mr;rpd; xU Kidapy; KisNtUk; kw;nwhU Kidapy; Kisf;FUj;Jk; cs;sd.

Department of School Education

ntt; NtW jdpkq;fspd;

Ntjp tpidapy; <LgLk; kpfr;rpwpa Jfs; mZ. mZf;fs; gpsf;ff;$baJ.

ntt;NtW jdpkq;fs; rpy gz;Gfspy; xj;:J ,Uf;fpd;wd.

d; gb xU jdpkj;jpd; epiwia Mw;wyhf

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Department of School Education

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Department of School Education

Department of School Education

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6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

V/I d; kjpg;G xU khwpypahFk;

Department of School Education

kpd;fyd;> tpsf;F> mk;kPl;lu; kw;Wk; rhtp ,tw;iwf;nfhz;l xU kpd;Rw;W glk; tiuf.

1> 2> 3 kpd;jilf;nfhz;l njhlupidg;gpd; njhFkpd;jiliaf; fhz;f.

rhjhuz kpd;fyj;jpd; glj;jpid tiue;J> ghq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;.

nghUj;Jf : Xk; tpjp kpd;D}l;lk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; kpd;jil kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; ntg;gtpisT kpd;jpwd;

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Department of School Education

kpd;dhw;wy; Kjy;kpd;fyk; fjpupaf;fk; [d;];Bd;

thl;kzp Nthy;lh n`d;wp ngf;nfhuy;

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