Unit 3 Chemistry Lab Activity: Chemical Writing and Chemical Names The purpose of this activity is to combine different

ions and observe whether they come together to form a precipitate. You can then name the new compound formed and write the formula for this compound. Procedure: 1. Take the laminated chart (as shown below) and combine two drops of cation solution with two drops of anion solution in the appropriate grid square. 2. Observe the reaction (if any) and record your observation on the data table below. 3. Repeat the steps until you have combined all twelve possible reactions. Observations: a) Use as Y or N to indicate if a precipitate (cloudiness) formed. b) Fill in your observations of all precipitates formed (color and level of cloudiness eg. Slightly cloudy, or very cloudy) Ions Ag+ Cl1. Yes Thick cloudy Formed in the middle 4. No Pink in Color 7. No Yellow in color 10. No Light blue CO322. Yes Yellow cloudy Located in the middle 5. No Pink precipitate formed in center 8. No Clear 11. Yes Darker blue precipitate in center OH3. Yes Brown precipitate formed in center 6. Yes Blue precipitate formed in the center 9. No Clear 12. Yes Light blue precipitate in center

Co2+

Fe3+ Cu2+

Names and formulas of all compounds formed 1. AgCl Silver Chloride 2. Ag2CO3 Silver Carbonate 3. AgOH Silver Hydroxide 4. CoCl2 Cobalt (II) Chloride 5. CoCO3 Cobalt (II) Carbonate 6. Co(OH)2 Cobalt (II) Hydroxide 7. FeCl3 Iron (III) Chloride 8. Fe2(CO3)3 Iron (III) Carbonate 9. Fe(OH)3 Iron (III) Hydroxide 10. CuCl2 Copper (II) Chloride

11. CuCO3 Copper (II) Carbonate 12. Cu(OH)2 Copper (II) Hydroxide Photo of spotplate:

Questions: 1. What is happening at the molecular level for a precipitate to form? (google this) When you mix two solutions of different ionic compounds that individually are soluble compounds, they form an new insoluble compound which produces precipitate. 2. Suggest a logical reason why the ions in one compound would separate from each other (eg. Dissolve in water), while they wouldn't be dissolved in another compound (as they come together in forming a precipitate.) eg. What forces could be at play here? Water dissolves ionic compounds because water molecules have partially charged atoms. Water is a polar molecule that surrounds the ion, while oxygen forms a negative. When both are combined, it dissolves the ions. Non-polar molecules do not dissolve in water. 3. In making formulas of compounds, why would you use parentheses sometimes? You would use parentheses when there are multiple polyatomic ions.

i.e. Fe2(CO3)3 4. At what time do you use roman numerals? Is this used in naming, or making formulas of compounds? You use roman numerals to name compounds that have a variable charge. i.e. Copper (II) Chloride 5. A) What letters do we use after a formula to indicate the state of the compound? We use solid (s), aqueous (aq), gas (g) and liquid (l) b) When a compound dissolves in water, how do indicate this with the formula of the compound? (aq) for aqueous c) At the molecular level, describe the ionic compound when it is dissolved in water. The attractions of the polar water molecules are stronger than the attractions the ions have for each other. Due to high temperature, ionic compounds dissolve more and faster, this is because of the fast moving particles and the water molecules spread out slightly providing more space to hold the ions. Brief reflection statement of what you learned in this activity. After doing this lab, I learned the process of forming precipitate. I also learned how to properly represent aqueous in a chemical formula.