Structure 808 Webinar with Associated of Kerman

University
y ((Bahonar ) Of IRAN

Methods of Stability Analysis

for the Design of Steel Frames
(Evaluation of the ELM and the DAM Method according to AISC 360
360--2005
2005))

Mojtaba Asghari
www.Saze808.com
IRAN Kerman December 2010
IRAN,Kerman-December

1387 AISC360-05
ETABS
LRFD AISC 360-05 ETABS

::

) (
AISC 360-05

( )
Stability Analysis in Design of Steel Building
In ETABS v.9.5 with
AISC 360
360-05
05 Standard

Second Design Analysis Method
:
Order
Od M
Method
th d
Direct Analysis
Effective Length

Design Analysis
Method

Stability
Analysis in
ETABS

Limited 1st Order

General 2nd Order

Second Order
Method

Amplified 1st Order

 AISC 360-05 :
7 Method for Stability Analysis with AISC 360-05 :

Stability
Analysis
Methods

Fixed

Direct Analysis

Variable

Variable

Amplified 1st Order

Fixed

Effective Length

Amplified 1st Order

Limited 1st Order

Design Analysis Method :

Direct Analysis
AISC P

.



. .
Effective Length
AISC
.

K
Limited 1st Order

6-1-7-2-10
.

Advanced analysis or
second-order inelastic analysis for frame design:

AISC 2005

It is a state-of-the-art methodology for the structural engineering profession

for the 21st century.
7

 AISC 360 :
360-05
05
AISC 360-05
B2 = 2nd / 1st > 1.5 B2 = 2 nd / 1st 1.5
.

.
AISC 360-05 B2 = 2nd / 1st > 1.5
.

Design Analysis Method :

AISC 2005 Specification

C2 2 Design
C2.2
D i R
Requirements
i
t

Effective Length Method (C2.2a)

Limited application
pp
uses K>1.0

First-order analysis (C2.2b)

Limited application
Simplest approach

Direct Analysis Method (Appendix 7)

Applies to all buildings (K=1.0)
Preferred method

Effective Length Method ELM

Applies
pp
when

B2 = 2 nd / 1st 1.5

Notional Loads, Ni = 0.002Yi (gravity load combinations)

Second-Order Analysis
Nominal Geometry
Nominal Stiffness
K from a sidesway buckling analysis
2 nd / 1st 1.1 then K=1.0

) B2 1.5

AISC360-05
. (

 :
Effective Length


K

K
:

12

First-Order
First
Order Method
Applies when

B2 = 2 nd / 1st 1.5

And aPr 0.5Py for all lateral members

N i = 2.1 Yi 0.0042Yi
Notional Loads
L
First-Order
First Order Analysis on Nominal Geometry using
Nominal Stiffness
Apply B1 to total member moments
Use K=1.0

AISC 360-05 6-1-7-2-10 AISC 360-05
. B2 1.5

1 5

Direct Analysis Method DAM

9Applies to all structures

B 2 < 1 . 5, B 2 1 . 5

9 K=1.0
K=1 0
9 Straight-forward Analysis and Design
9 Improved Results & Less potential for error
9 Applies to all lateral systems or combination of systems w/o distinction
9 Most accurate determination of internal forces when combined with rigorous
second-order analysis

:
. B 2 < 1 .5, B 2 1 .5

.
. 1

Effective Length

)Stiffness Reductions (Inelasticity

EA* = 0.8 EA

Axial Stiffness

EI* = 0.8 b EI

Flexural Stiffness

Pr 0.5
1.0

Py

= b

Pr > 0.5
4 Pr 1 Pr
Py
Py
Py

= 1(LRFD ),
) = 1.6( ASD

Ultimately this allows for K=1.0

b =1.0 may be used for all members provided an additive notional load of
0.001Yi is applied

.
b .
.

0.8
0 8




1.0
1 0
b

Stiffness Reduction
Reduced flexural stiffness, 0.8 b EI
Generally

b = 1.0 for the following :

Beams
moment frames (low axial load)
Braced frames (flexural stiffness does not contribute)
Braces (flexural stiffness does not contribute)
Columns in braced frames (flexural stiffness does not contribute)

Can take b = 1.0 for all members if :

apply additional notional load

Ni = 0.001Yi

Eliminates iteration!
0.002

.
0.0033

. 50% 1

Procedure Summary
Model the structure (no change)
Apply Notional Loads
Perform second-order
second order analysis on nominal geometry with reduced stiffness
Design all members for resulting forces
Design compression members with K=1.0

Updates Stability Design Requirements

New requirements for analysis
Recognizes current analysis options
Addresses shortcomings of previous methods (K = ?)
Provides straight-forward methods

DAM is most general and accurate approach

Direct Analysis in CSI Programs:

Direct Analysis using ETABS v.9.6 :

Stiffness
Reduction Method Tau-b Variable



)
Tau-b
Tau b Fixed

0.001 (

Direct Analysis Method using

SAP2000 v. 11.0.7 :

Second Order Analysis in ASD - AISC 360-05 :

Carried out under 1.6 times ASD load combination

Results divided by 1.6 to obtain required strengths

In Direct second order analysis , the method already includes 1.6 factor

Initial imperfections, either

Notional Loads at each level, or
Notional Loads at each level
Ni = 0.002Yi
Yi = total gravity load on a level
Applied to all load combinations
Applied only in Gravity Combos, except for B2 1.5
Gravity load combinations:
Two orthogonal directions
Positive and negative sense
Same direction at all levels
Model with assumed out-of-plumbness

 AISC 360-05 1-2

AISC360-05 : ETABS

S
Second
dO
Order
d A
Analysis
l i:

General 2nd Order

Amplified 1st Order

Second Order Method

General 2nd Order ( P )

P

General Second-Order Analysis

Free of limitations of amplified first-order method
More accurate determination of internal forces and strength level deformations
Complex geometry
irregular lateral framing
Structure Analyzed for Load Combinations (ASD with a 1.6 factor)
Stable model required

 P ETABS
AISC 360-05

P-Delta Combination in LRFD

P ETABS
P
.

)(Amplified 1st Order

Li it ti
Limitations
off Amplified
A lifi d Fi
First-Order
tOd A
Analysis
l i :
Have to separate translation and no-translation moments
Engineering
g
g jjudgment
g
often required
q
Distribution of moments where B2 factors vary at a joint
Complex geometry cause difficulties
Sloping beams and columns
Floor levels not readily identifiable
:
B2 ETABS


.

 :
Design Analysis
Method

ETABS

Effective Length

General 2nd Order

Second Order
Method
Amplified 1st Order

5-1-7-2-10
.

) (P ETABS

) (Amplified 1st OrderETABS

Changes in AISC 2010

The next AISC specification comes out in 2010
DAM will be default method in body of code
Several Clarifications included in Specification
AISC 2010 7 AISC 360-05






Chapter C

.
) (1387
ETABS .

Refrences

:
1387 10 -

- AISC-360-2005
- AISC 2010-Draft
-ETABS AISC360-05 Manual
-Jason R Ericksen, CSC ,How To Guide for the Direct Analysis Method, 2010
-Christopher
p
m. Hewitt ,Stability
,
y Analysis
y Its not as Hard as You Think,2008
,
-CSI DAM Guide Manual

This presentation Published for this Virtual Internet Forum:

- Persian Civil Forum:
www Iransaze com
www.Iransaze.com
-

Latin Civil International Forum:

www.forum.civilea.com

And My Structural Websait:

www Saze808 com
www.Saze808.com
Email for contact with Publisher:
j
@y
mojtaba808@yahoo.com

: 808

www Saze808.com
www.Saze
com
:
mojtaba808@yahoo.com
:

www.Iransaze.com

LRFD ASD
: 1387 AISC 2005

:

- 89