8 Math Square and Square Roots

Finish Line & Beyond
Square & Square Roots

1. If a natural number m can be expressed as n², where n is also a natural number,
then m is a square number.
2. All square numbers end with 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 or 9 at unit’s place.
All numbers have numbers from 0 to 9 at their unit place and the number at the unit
place of square of that number behaves as per the number at unit place in the
original number. Following is the illustration of this property:
0²=0 0 is the number at unit’s place

3. Square numbers can only have even number of zeros at the end.
4. Square root is the inverse operation of square.
5. There are two integral square roots of a perfect square number.
Positive square root of a number is denoted by the symbol
For example, 3² = 9 gives 9 =3
Exercise 1
1. What will be the unit digit of the squares of the following numbers?
(i) 81
Answer: As 1² ends up having 1 as the digit at unit’s place so 81² will have 1 at
unit’s place.
(ii) 272
Asnwer: 2²=4
So, 272² will have 4 at unit’s place
(iii) 799
Answer: 9²=81
So, 799 will have 1 at unit’s place
(iv) 3853
Answer: 3²=9
So, 3853² will have 9 at unit’s place.
www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

(v) 1234
Answer: 4²=16
(vi) 26387
Answer: 7²=49
(vii) 52698
Answer: 8²=64
(viii) 99880
Answer: 0²=0
(ix) 12796
Answer: 6²=36
(x) 55555
Answer: 5²=25
2. The following numbers are obviously not perfect squares. Give reason.
(i) 1057 (ii) 23453 (iii) 7928 (iv) 222222 (v) 64000 (vi) 89722 (vii) 222000
(viii) 505050
Answer: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi) don’t have any of the 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, and 9 at unit’s
place, so they are not perfect squares.
(v), (vii) and (viii) don’t have even number of zeroes at the end so they are not
perfect squares.
3. The squares of which of the following would be odd numbers?

(i) 431 (ii) 2826 (iii) 7779 (iv) 82004
Answer: (i) and (iii) will have odd numbers as their square, because an odd number
multiplied by another odd number always results in an odd number.
4. Observe the following pattern and find the missing digits.

11² = 121
101² = 10201

1001² = 1002001
100001² = 1 0000 2 0000 1
10000001² = 100000020000001
Start with 1 followed as many zeroes as there are between the first and the last one,
followed by two again followed by as many zeroes and end with 1.
5. Observe the following pattern and supply the missing numbers.

11² = 1 2 1
101² = 1 0 2 0 1
10101² = 102030201
1010101² = 1020304030201
101010101² =102030405040201
Start with 1 followed by a zero and go up to as many number as there are number of
1s given, follow the same pattern in reverse order.
6. Using the given pattern, find the missing numbers.
1² + 2² + 2² = 3²
2² + 3² + 6² = 7²
3² + 4² + 12² = 13²
4² + 5² + 20²= 21²
5² + 6²+ 30² = 31²
6² + 7² + 42² = 43²
If the square of a number is added with square of its prime factors we get square of
a number which is 1 more than the original number.
7. Without adding, find the sum.

(i) 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9
Answer: 1 + 3 = 2² = 4
1 + 3 + 5 = 3² = 9
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 4² = 16
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 5² = 25
In other words this is a way of finding the sum of n odd numbers starting from 1.
Sum of n odd numbers starting from 1 = n²
(ii) 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + I1 + 13 + 15 + 17 +19
Answer: There are 10 odd numbers in the given equation

So, sum =10²=100
(iii) 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19 + 21 + 23
Answer: Sum = 12²=144

8. (i) Express 49 as the sum of 7 odd numbers.
As you know 49=7²

So, 7² can be expressed as follows:
1+3+5+7+9+11+13
(ii) Express 121 as the sum of 11 odd numbers.
11²=1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+17+19+21
9. How many numbers lie between squares of the following numbers?

(i) 12 and 13
Answer: 12²=144
13²=169
Now, 169-144=25
So, there are 25-1=24 numbers lying between 12² and 13²
(ii) 25 and 26
Answer: 25²=625
26²=676
Now, 676-625=51
(iii) 99 and 100
Answer: 99²=9801
100²=10000
Now, 10000-9801=199
Exercise 2
1. Find the square of the following numbers.

(i) 32
Answer: 32²=32 × 32= 1024
But above method can be tough to calculate. It is easier to calculate such values by
using algebraic identities.
So, 32²=(30+2) ²
Using (a+b) ² = a²+b²+2ab
We get (30+2) ²= 30²+2²+2 × 30 × 2
=900+4+120=1024

(ii) 35
Answer: (35)²=(30+5) ²
=30²+5²+2 × 30 × 5
=900+25+300=1225
(iii) 86
Answer: 86²=(80+6) ²
=80²+6²+2 × 80 × 6
=6400+36+960=7396
(iv) 93
Answer=93²=(90+3²
=90²+3²+2 × 90 × 3
=8100+9+540
=8649
(v) 71
Answer: 71²=(70+1) ²
=70²+1²+2 × 70 × 1
=4900+1+140
=5040
(vi) 46
Answer: 46²=(40+6) ²
=40²+6²+2 × 40 × 6
=1600+36+480=2116
2. Write a Pythagorean triplet whose one member is.

(i) 6
Answer: As we know 2m, m²+1 and m²-1 form a Pythagorean triplet for any
number, m>1.
Let us assume 2m=6

Then m=3
⇒ m²+1=3²+1=10
⇒ m²-1=3²-1=8
Test: 6²+8²=36+64=100=10²
Hence, the triplet is 6, 8, and 10

Note: Most of the Pythagorean triplets are in the ratio of 3:4:5
(ii) 14
Answer: Let us assume, 2m=14, then m=7

So, m²+1=7²+1=50
And, m²-1=7²-1=48
Test: 14²+48²=196+1304=2500=50²
(iii) 16
Answer: Let us assume 2m=16, then m=8

So, m²+1=8²+1=65
And, m²-1=8²-1=63
Test: 16²+63²=256+3969=4225=65²
(iv) 18
Answer: Let us assume 2m=18, then m=9

So, m²+1=9²+1=82
m²-1=9²-1=80
test: 18²+80²=6724=82²
Exercise 3
1. What could be the possible ‘one’s’ digits of the square root of each of the
following numbers?
(i) 9801
Answer: Since 1² and 9² give 1 at unit’s place, so these are the possible values of
unit digit of the square root.
(ii) 99856
Answer: 4²=16 and 6²=36, hence, 4 and 6 are possible
(iii) 998001
Answer: Same as question 1—(i)
(iv) 657666025
Answer: 5²=25, hence 5 is possible.

2. Without doing any calculation, find the numbers which are surely not
perfect squares.
(i) 153 (ii) 257 (iii) 408 (iv) 441
Answer: Option 1 can be a perfect square, others can’t be perfect squares because
the unit digit of a perfect square can be only from 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, 9
3. Find the square roots of 100 and 169 by the method of repeated subtraction.
Answer:
Repeated subtraction:
1. 100-1=99
2. 99-3=96
3. 96-5=91
4. 91-7=84
5. 84-9=75
6. 75-11=64
7. 64-13=51
8. 51-15=36
9. 36-17=19
10. 19-19=0
We get 0 at 10th step
So, 100 =10
1. 169-1=168
2. 168-3=165
3. 165-5=160
4. 160-7=153
5. 153-9=144
6. 144-11=133
7. 133-13=120
8. 120-15=105
9. 105-17=88
10. 88-19=69
11. 69-21=48
12. 48-23=25
13. 25-25=0
We get 0 at 13th step

So, 169 = 13

4. Find the square roots of the following numbers by the Prime Factorisation
Method.
(i) 729
3 729
3 243
3 81
Answer:
3 27
39
3
⇒ 729= 3² × 3² × 3²
⇒ 729 = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27
(ii) 400
2 400
2 200
2 100
Answer:
2 50
5 25
5
⇒ 400 = 2² × 2² × 5²
⇒ 400 = 2 × 2 × 5 = 20
(iii) 1764
Answer: 1764= 2 × 882 = 2 × 2 × 441 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 147
= 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 49 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7 × 7 = 2² × 3² × 7²
⇒ 1764 = 2 × 3 × 7 = 42
(iv) 4096
Answer: 4096 = 2 × 2048

= 2 × 2 × 1024
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 512
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 256
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 128
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 64
= 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 8× 8
= 2² × 2² × 2² × 8²
⇒ 4096 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 8 = 64

(v) 7744
Answer: 7744= 2 × 3872

= 2 × 2 × 1936
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 968
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 484
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 242
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 121
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 11 × 11
= 8² × 11²
⇒ 7744 = 88
(vi) 9604
Answer: 9604 = 4 × 2401

= 4 × 7 × 343
= 4 × 7 × 7 × 49
= 4× 7× 7× 7× 7
= 2² × 7² × 7²
⇒ 9604 = 98
(vii) 5929
Answer: 5929 = 11 × 539

= 11 × 11 × 49
= 11 × 11 × 7 × 7
= 11² × 7²
⇒ 5929 = 77
(viii) 9216
Answer: 9216 = 9 × 1024

= 9 × 4 × 256
= 9 × 4 × 4 × 64
= 9× 4× 4× 8× 8
= 3² × 4² × 8²
⇒ 9216 = 96
(ix) 529
Answer:529 = 23 × 23
= 23²
⇒ 529 = 23

(x) 8100
Answer: 8100 = 9 × 900

= 9 × 9 × 10 × 10
= 9² × 10²
⇒ 8100 = 90
5. For each of the following numbers, find the smallest whole number by
which it should be multiplied so as to get a perfect square number. Also find
the square root of the square number so obtained.
(i) 252
Answer: 252 = 2 × 126

= 2 × 2 × 63
= 2 × 2 × 3× 3× 7
Here, 2 and 3 are in pairs but 7 needs a pair, so 252 will become a perfect square
when multiplied by 7.
(ii) 180
Answer: 180 = 2 × 2 × 45
= 2 × 2 × 3× 3× 5
180 needs to be multiplied by 5 to become a perfect square.
(iii) 1008
Answer: 1008 = 2 × 2 × 252

= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 63
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3× 3× 7
1008 needs to be multiplied by 7 to become a perfect square
(iv) 2028
Answer: 2028 = 4 × 507

= 4 × 3 × 169
= 2 × 2 × 3 × 13 × 13
(v) 1458
Answer: 1458 = 2 × 729

= 2 × 3 × 3 × 81
= 2 × 3× 3× 3× 3× 3× 3

(vi) 768
Answer: 768 = 2 × 2 × 192

= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 48
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 12
= 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 2× 3
6. For each of the following numbers, find the smallest whole number by
which it should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square
root of the square number so obtained.
(i) 252
Answer: 252 = 2 × 2 × 63
= 2 × 2 × 3× 3× 7
252 needs to be divided by 7 to become a perfect square.
(ii) 2925
Answer: 2925 = 5 × 5 × 117

= 5 × 5 × 3 × 3 × 13
2925 needs to be divided by 13 to become a perfect square
(iii) 396
Answer: 396 = 2 × 2 × 99
= 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 11
(iv) 2645
Answer: 2645 = 5 × 529 5 × 23 × 23

2645 needs to be divided by 5 to become a perfect square.
(v) 2800
Answer: 2800 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 10 × 10
2800 needs to be divided by to become a perfect square.
(vi) 1620
Answer: 1620 = 2 × 2 × 405

= 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 45
= 2 × 2 × 3× 3× 3× 3× 5

7. The students of Class VIII of a school donated Rs 2401 in all, for Prime
Minister’s National Relief Fund. Each student donated as many rupees as the
number of students in the class. Find the number of students in the class.
Answer: We need to calculate the square root of 2401 to get the solution
2401 = 7 × 7 × 7 × 7
⇒ 2401 = 7 × 7 = 49
There are 49 students, each contributing 49 rupees
8. 2025 plants are to be planted in a garden in such a way that each row
contains as many plants as the number of rows. Find the number of rows
and the number of plants in each row.
Answer: 2025 = 5 × 5 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
⇒ 2025 = 5 × 3 × 3 = 45
There are 45 rows with 45 plants in each of them.
9. Find the smallest square number that is divisible by each of the numbers
4, 9 and 10.
Answer: Let us find LCM of 4, 9 and 10

4 = 2× 2
9 = 3× 3
10 = 5 × 2
So, LCM = 2² × 3² × 5 = 180
Now the LCM gives us a clue that if 180 is multiplied by 5 then it will become a
perfect square.
The Required number = 180 × 5 = 900
10. Find the smallest square number that is divisible by each of the numbers
8, 15 and 20.
Answer:
8 = 2× 2× 2
15 = 3 × 5
20 = 2 × 2 × 5
So, LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 3 = 120
As 3 and 5 are not in pair in LCM’s factor so we need to multiply 120 by 5 and three
to make it a perfect square.
Required Number= 180 × 3 × 5 = 2700

Exercise 4
1. Find the square root of each of the following numbers by Division

method.
(i) 2304
Answer:
48
4 2304
4 16
88 704
8 704
0
2304 = 48
(ii) 4489
Answer:
67
6 4489
6 36
127 889
7 889
0
4489 = 67
(iii) 3481
Answer:
59
5 3481
5 25
109 981
9 981
0
3481 = 59

(iv) 529
Answer:
23
2 5 29
2 4
43 129
3 129
0
529 = 23
(v) 3249
Answer:
57
5 3249
5 25
107 749
7 749
0
3249 = 57
(vi) 1369
Answer:
37
3 1369
3 9
67 469
7 469
0
1369 = 37

(vii) 5776
Answer:
76
7 5776
7 49
146 876
6 876
0
5776 = 76
(viii) 7921
Answer:
89
8 7921
8 64
169 1521
9 1521
0
7921 = 89
(ix) 576
Answer:
24
2 576
2 4
44 176
4 176
0
576 = 24

(x) 1024
Answer:
32
3 1024
3 9
62 124
2 124
0
1024 = 32
(xi) 3136
Answer:
56
5 3136
5 25
106 636
6 636
0
3136 = 56
(xii) 900
Answer:
30
3 900
3 9
60 000
0 000
0
900 = 30

2. Find the number of digits in the square root of each of the following
numbers (without any calculation).
(i) 64 (ii) 144 (iii) 4489 (iv) 27225 (v) 390625
Answer:
n
If there are even number of digits in square then number of digits in square root =
2
If there are odd number of digits in square then number of digits in square root=
n+ 1
2
(i) 1, (ii) 2, (iii) 2, (iv) 3, (v) 3
3. Find the square root of the following decimal numbers.

(i) 2.56
Answer:
1.6
1 2.56
1 1
26 156
6 156
0
2.56 = 1.6
(ii) 7.29
Answer:
2.7
2 7.29
2 4
47 329
7 329
0
7.29 = 2.7

(iii) 51.84
Answer:
7.2
7 51.84
7 49
142 284
2 284
0
51.84 = 7.2
(iv) 42.25
Answer:
6.5
6 42.25
6 36
125 625
5 625
0
42.25 = 65
(v) 31.36
Answer:
5.6
5 31.36
5 25
106 636
6 636
0
31.36 = 5.6

4. Find the least number which must be subtracted from each of the
following numbers so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of
the perfect square so obtained.
(i) 402
Answer:
2
2 402
2 4
4 002
It is clear that if 2 is subtracted then we will get 400, which is a perfect square.
(ii) 1989
Answer:
4 1989
4 16
8 389
Here, 84X4=336 which is less than 389

And, 85X5=425, which is more than 389
Hence the required difference =389-336=53

1989-53=1936 is a perfect square.
(iii) 3250
Answer:
5 3250
5 25
10 750
Here, 107X7=749 is less than 750

108X8=864 is more than 750
Hence, the required difference = 750-749=1

(iv) 825
Answer:
2 825
2 4
4 425

Hence, the required difference= 425-384=41
(v) 4000
Answer:
6 4000
6 36
12 400

5. Find the least number which must be added to each of the following
numbers so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the
perfect square so obtained.
(i) 525
Answer:
2 525
2 4
4 125
Here, 43X3=129 is more than 125

42X2=84 is less than 125
Hence, required addition= 129-125=4
525+4=529 is a perfect square.

(ii) 1750
Answer:
4 1750
4 16
16 150
Here, 161X1=161 is 11 more than 150
So, 1750+11=1761 is a perfect square
(iii) 252
Answer:
1 252
1 1
2 152
Required difference= 156-152=4
(iv) 1825
Answer:
`
4 1825
4 16
8 225

Required difference= 249-225=24
(v) 6412
Answer:
8 6412
8 64
16 12

Here, we need 161X1=161

Required difference=161-12=149
6. Find the length of the side of a square whose area is 441 m².
Answer: Area of Square = Side²

⇒ Side = Area
441 = 3 × 3 × 7 × 7
⇒ 441 = 3 × 7 = 21
7. In a right triangle ABC, ∠ B = 90°

.
(a) If AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm, find AC
Answer= AC²=AB²+BC²
=6²+8²=36+64=100
AC= 100 = 10
(b) If AC = 13 cm, BC = 5 cm, find AB
Answer: AB²=AC²-BC²
=13²-5²=169-25=144
AB = 144 = 12
8. A gardener has 1000 plants. He wants to plant these in such a way that
the number of rows and the number of columns remain same. Find the
minimum number of plants he needs more for this.
Answer:
3 1000
3 9
6 100

Hence, the required difference= 100-61=39
Min. number of plants required= 1000-39=961

9. There are 500 children in a school. For a P.T. drill they have to stand in
such a manner that the number of rows is equal to number of columns. How
many children would be left out in this arrangement.
Answer:
2 500
2 4
4 100

So, 16 children will be left out in the arrangement.

8 Math Square and Square Roots

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

8 Math Square and Square Roots

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Finish Line & Beyond

Square & Square Roots

0²=0 0 is the number at unit’s place

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

3. The squares of which of the following would be odd numbers?

4. Observe the following pattern and find the missing digits.

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

5. Observe the following pattern and supply the missing numbers.

7. Without adding, find the sum.

Answer: There are 10 odd numbers in the given equation

Answer: Sum = 12²=144

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

8. (i) Express 49 as the sum of 7 odd numbers.

As you know 49=7²

(ii) Express 121 as the sum of 11 odd numbers.

9. How many numbers lie between squares of the following numbers?

(iii) 99 and 100

1. Find the square of the following numbers.

Answer: 32²=32 × 32= 1024

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

2. Write a Pythagorean triplet whose one member is.

Let us assume 2m=6

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Note: Most of the Pythagorean triplets are in the ratio of 3:4:5

Answer: Let us assume, 2m=14, then m=7

Hence, the triplet is 14, 48, and 50

Answer: Let us assume 2m=16, then m=8

Hence, the triplet is 16, 63, and 65

Answer: Let us assume 2m=18, then m=9

Answer: 4²=16 and 6²=36, hence, 4 and 6 are possible

Answer: Same as question 1—(i)

Answer: 5²=25, hence 5 is possible.

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

We get 0 at 13th step

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Answer: 4096 = 2 × 2048

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Answer: 7744= 2 × 3872

Answer: 9604 = 4 × 2401

Answer: 5929 = 11 × 539

Answer: 9216 = 9 × 1024

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Answer: 8100 = 9 × 900

Answer: 252 = 2 × 126

Answer: 1008 = 2 × 2 × 252

Answer: 2028 = 4 × 507

Answer: 1458 = 2 × 729

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Answer: 768 = 2 × 2 × 192

Answer: 2925 = 5 × 5 × 117

Answer: 2645 = 5 × 529 5 × 23 × 23

Answer: 1620 = 2 × 2 × 405

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

Answer: Let us find LCM of 4, 9 and 10

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

1. Find the square root of each of the following numbers by Division

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

3. Find the square root of the following decimal numbers.

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com

www.excellup.com ©2009 send your queries to enquiry@excellup.com