SOLUTION AND ITS

CHARACTERISTIC::
ACID, BASE AND SALT

Solution SBI 2008 1

 Definition of Solution
Solution is a mixture of homogenous of the
solute and solvent.
Solute: the substance dissolved
Solvent: the liquid to dissolve to solute
The number of solute is relatively less than the
solvent.
Example:
Solution of HCl(aq): the solute is HCl and the solvent
is water
The solution of sugar: The solute is sugar
(C12H22O11) and the solvent is water.Solution SBI 2008 2
 Definition of solution (Cont’d)

Colligative Properties of solution are the

properties of solution which only
depends on the concentration of
solution.

The solution concentration can be

express as:
1. Molarity (M) 2. Molality (m)
3. Mole fraction (X) 4. Normality (N)
5. Percentage (%) Solution SBI 2008 3
 Definition of solution (Cont’d)

Let’s check the definition one

by one:
W 1000
1. Molarity (M) is the amount M= x
of mole of solute in 1 liter Mr V
of solvent.
M = mole/L M = molarity (mole/L)
The unit of M is mole/L or W = the mass of the substance
Mr = the molecule relative mass
mmole/mL
V = volume of solution in mL)
As 1 mol = 1000 mmol; 1 L =
1000 mL
Or we can also write as:

Solution SBI 2008 4

 Definition of solution (Cont’d)

Example:
What is the molarity of 4 gram of NaOH
in 100 mL solution? (Mr NaOH= 40)
Answer:
M = 4/40 x 1000/100
= 1 M (1 mole/L)
Question 1: How many grams of KNO3
which has been dissolved in 5.4 L
solution to get concentration of 2.5 M
(Mr KNO = 101) Solution SBI 2008 5
 Definition of solution (Cont’d)
1. Molality (m) is the
amount of mole of W 1000
solute in 1000 g or M = x
1 kg of solvent. Mr g
m = mole/kg m = molality (mole/L)
W = the mass of the substance
The unit of m is mole/LMr = the molecule relative mass
or g = mass of solution in gram)

mmol/mL
Solution SBI 2008 6
 Definition of solution (Cont’d)
Example:
What is the molality of 34 gram of AgNO3
in 2.5 Kg water? (Mr AgNO3 = 170)
Answer: 2.5 kg = 2500 g
m = 34/170 x 1000/2500
= 0.08 m
Question 2: How many grams of NaCl
which has been dissolved in 2 kg
solution to get concentration of 5 m
(Mr NaCl = 58.5)
Solution SBI 2008 7
 Definition of solution (Cont’d)

4. Percentage (%)
There are two types of this concentration
a. Mass Percent: the percent by mass of the solute
in the solution
Mass percent = (mass of solute) x 100%
(mass of solution)
b. Volume percent: the percent by volume (mL) in
every 100 mL of solution
Mass volume = (mL of solute) x 100%
mL of solution