Ένταξη μονάδων παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με μεικτό ακέραιο μη γραμμικό προγραμματισμό. Διπλωματική εργασία, Ηαρακλής Α. Λατσίδης

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Abstract
During the last two decades there have been efforts both around the world and in Greece for the
liberalization of electricity markets. Nowadays, the transition from traditional monopolies to competitive
markets has become a reality. An important factor in the liberalized market is the unit commitment, as it
not only plays an important role in the daily planning of the operation of electric power systems, but also
creates economic relations between the actors that operate within the new market.
In the monopolistic environment of the past, Unit Commitment (UC) was used for the planning of
production units in order to minimize the overall operating cost of production, satisfying constraints such
as energy demand and reserve. In a liberalized environment, on the other hand, UC has become more
complex and competitive. It is known as Price-based Unit Commitment (PBUC), it is applied by the
Generation Companies (GENCOs) and it concerns the optimization of the means of production in order
to maximize the profit of the business. Therefore, electricity prices are an important factor in the decision
making process.
The present thesis is solving the problem of the PBUC by using Mixed Integer Nonlinear
Programming. The mathematical model of the problem, was solved under GAMS environment. All the
usual constraints of generating units are taken into account. Also, the thesis presents applications of the
method for GENCOs with up to 50 production units as well as it discusses the obtained results.
Keywords
Unit Commitment, UC, Price-based Unit Commitment, PBUC, Deregulated Electricity Market,
Optimization, Mixed Integer Non Linear Programming, MINLP, GAMS.

2012-2013
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1:
................................................................................ 1
1.1 ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 ............................................................................................. 2
1.3 ......................................................................................................... 2
1.4 ................................................................................................................. 3
2:

.................................................. 5
2.1 ............................................ 5
2.1.1 96/92 ..................................................................................................... 5
2.1.2 . 2773/99 ............................................................................................................ 5
2.1.3 . 2773/99.................................................................. 6
2.1.3.1 . 3175/2003 ............................................................................................... 6
2.1.3.2 . 4001/2011 ..... .... ................................... 7
2.2 ................................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 .......................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 ....................................................................................................... 8
2.2.3 (...) .................................................................. 8
2.2.4 (....) ..................................... 9
2.2.5 (.....) .... 10
2.2.6 .................................................................................................................. 11
2.2.7 & ................................................... 12
2.3 (...) ................................................... 12
2.3.1 .......................................................................................................... 12
2.3.2 ............................................................................................. 13
2.3.3 ....................................................................................... 13
2.4 ............................................................................................................... 15
3:
......... 17
3.1 ..................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 .................................................................................... 18
3.2 ..................... 19
3.3 ............................................................................ 20
3.4 ............................................................................................................... 21
4:

............................ 23
4.1 ..................................................................................................................... 23
4.2 GAMS ................................................................................ 24
4.3 SOLVER SCIP GAMS ...................................................................................... 26
4.3 optca optcr ........................................................................................... 26
4.4 ............................................................ 27
4.4.1
....................................................................................... 27
4.4.2
.................................................... 29
4.4.3
............................................................................. 30
4.4.4
................................................................................. 32
4.5 ............................................................................................................... 32
5:
- ..................................... 33
5.1 ..................................................................................................................... 33
5.2 4 8 ................................. 33
5.2.1
..................................................................................... 33
5.2.2
.............................................................................. 35
5.2.2.1 1 4x8 . ............................... 36

5.2.2.2 2 4x8 . ............................... 40
5.2.2.3 3 4x8 . ............................... 43
5.2.2.4 4 4x8 . ............................... 45
5.2.2.5 5 4x8 . ............................... 48
5.2.2.6 6 4x8 . ............................... 51
5.2.3 ................................................................................ 57
5.3 10 24 ............................. 59
5.3.1
..................................................................................... 59
5.3.2
.............................................................................. 61
5.3.2.1 1 10x24 . ........................... 62
5.3.2.2 2 10x24. ............................ 67

5.3.2.3 3 10x24. ............................ 72
5.3.3
............................................................................ 82
5.4 20 24 ............................. 84
5.4.1
..................................................................................... 84
5.4.2
............................................................................... 85
5.5 50 24 ............................ 92
5.5.1
..................................................................................... 92
5.5.2
............................................................................... 93
5.5.3
.......................................................................... 104
5.6 ............................................................................................................. 106
6:
....................................................................... 107
6.1 ............................................................ 107
1.1
(Unit Commitment)
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(Cost-based Unit Commitment, CBUC).

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(Price-based Unit Commitment, PBUC). ,

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PBUC .

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1.2
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1.4
[1.1]
[1.2]
D.K. Dimitroulas, P.S. Georgilakis, A new memetic algorithm approach for the price
based unit commitment problem, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, . 12, pp. 4687-4699,
December 2011.
C. W. Richter, Jr., G. B. Shebl, A Profit-Based Unit Commitment GA for the
Competitive Environment, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 15, No. 12, pp.
715-721, May 2000.

2

2.1
2.1.1 96/92

96/92/.
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15
. , . , . , . .
. . - 2004, 1-23. [Online] :
http://library.tee.gr/digital/techr/2004/techr_2004_5_dagoumas.pdf,
2013.
. 2773/99: " -
." ' 286, 22-12-99. [Online] :
http://www.rae.gr/old/SUB2/2_3.htm#._2773/99, 2013.
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. 3175/03: " , ."
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http://www.rae.gr/old/SUB2/2_3.htm#._3426/05, 2013.
[2.5]
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[2.6]
..,
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[Online]
:
http://www.admie.gr/uploads/media/Egcheiridio_Genikon_Diataxeon_Diaboyleysi_v6.pdf,
2013.
.., & , [Online] : http://www.admie.gr/ietaireia/apostoli/rolos-armodiotites/, 2013.
. 4001/11: ,
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179/ 22.08.2011. [Online] :
http://www.rae.gr/categories_new/global_regulation/global_national/global_national_laws/N_4001
_2011.csp, 2013.
.., , [Online] :
http://www.rae.gr/site/file/categories_new/about_rae/actions/decision/2012_A1023?p=files&i=0,
2013.
[2.7]
[2.8]
[2.9]

3

3.1
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[3.1].
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(GENCOs)
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(Profit-Based Unit Commitment, PBUC),
[3.2].
18
3.2
K. 3

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3.4

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Tabu Search,
(Ant Colony Search Algorithm, Geometric
Optimization Model, Artificial Immune Algorithm).
,

K . 3
21
,

.
3.5
[3.1] M. Shahidehpour, H. Yamin, Z. Li, Market Operations in Electric Power Systems

Forecasting, Scheduling, and Risk Management, pp. 115-160, J. Wiley & Sons, New
York, 2002.
[3.2] M. Bavafa, N. Navidi, H. Monsef, A new approach for profit-based unit commitment
using Lagrangian relaxation combined with ant colony search algorithm, Universities
Power Engineering Conference, 43rd International, 1-4 Sept. 2008, pp. 1-6.
[3.3] N. P. Padhy, Unit Commitment- A Bibliographical Survey, IEEE Transactions on
Power Systems, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 1196-1205, May 2004
[3.4] S. Sen, D. P. Kothari, Optimal thermal generating commitment: a review, Electrical
Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 443-451, 1998.
[3.5] . .
,
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, , 2005.

4

4.1

- .
GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) solver SCIP
GAMS.
(General Algebraic Modeling System GAMS)
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(Sets)

(Echo Print)
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(Model and Solve statements)
(display)

(Equation Listings)

(Status Reports)
(Results)
GAMS , (input file),

(output file)
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(text editor),
[4.1].
26
4.3
K. 4
GAMS
SOLVER SCIP GAMS
,
solver SCIP,
GAMS. SCIP
(constraint integer programming,CIP),

(constraint programming,CP), (mixed integer
programming,MIP).
solver
-
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BARON,
SCIP, ,
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[4.3].
4.4
optca optcr
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GAMS
solver SCIP optca optcr, :
Optca (absolut optimality criterion) :

, solver
K. 4
GAMS
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optca
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Optcr (relative optimality criterion) :
, solver

optcr.

GAMS
[4.1], [4.4].
4.5
4.5.1

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GAMS:
1)
Sets . Set Sets
GAMS .

GAMS .

= 0 .
, sets
, 10x24 set 1 10 set
0 24.
:
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(1) .
2)

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( ) ($/MWh).
Excel GAMS: xls2gams.
28
K. 4
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( ) (MW)
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K. 4
29
GAMS
4.5.2

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4.2.
4.2:
( , ), ($/h)
( , ), ($/h)
( , ), ($/h)
( , ), ($/h)
( , ), ($/h)
( , ), (MW)
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(1= , 0= )
( , ),
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, ( , ) = 0.
( , ),
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( , ) = 0.
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($)
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solver
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( , ), ( , 0)
30
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( , 0)
( , 0).
:
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, :
( , 0) = 0,
( , 0) =
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( )
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( , 0) = 0
( , 0) =
()
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4.5.3
GAMS
[4.5], :
:
(, )=
( , )
(, )
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(4.1)
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( ) ( , 1) [1 ( , )]
(4.3)
K. 4
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(4.4)
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[ ( , 1)
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(4.12)

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( , ) = ( , 1) ( , ) + ( , )
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4.5.4
o ,
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Microsoft Excel.
GDX utilities [4.1]. , Excel

PBUC.
.
4.6
[4.1]
GAMS A Users Guide. (Tutorial by Richard E. Rosenthal), (May 2013 GAMS

Development Corporation, Washington, DC, USA), [Online] :
http://www.gams.com/dd/docs/bigdocs/GAMSUsersGuide.pdf, 2013.
T. Achterberg, SCIP: Solving Constraint Integer Programs. Mathematical Programming
Computation, (2009) 1:141.
M. R. Bussieck and S. Vigerske, MINLP Solver Software, [Online] :
http://www.math.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/minlpsoft.pdf, 2013.
GAMS The Solver Manuals. ( May 2013 GAMS Development Corporation, Washington,
DC, USA), [Online] : http://www.gams.com/dd/docs/solvers/allsolvers.pdf,
2013.
D.K. Dimitroulas, P.S. Georgilakis. A new memetic algorithm approach for the price based
unit commitment problem, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, . 12, pp. 4687-4699, December 2011.
[4.2]
[4.3]
[4.4]
[4.5]

5

5.1
4
: 4 8
, 10 24 ,
20 50 24 .
,
, .
5.2
4 8
5.2.1

(Profit-based unit commitment PBUC) 4
8 .
4x8 [5.1].
5.1 4 , :
Pmin (MW)
Pmax (MW)
($/h), ($/MWh), C ($/MW2h) , ,

()
Tup (h)

Tdown (h)

34
K. 5
Xo (h) (
), ,
. , Xo Xo
. , Xo

Rup (MW/h)
Rdown (MW/h)
Po (MW) ,

SD ($/h)
SUP-COST($/h) .
3 4x8 ,
. 1 3
5.1.
5.1: 1 3 4x8
Pmin (MW)
27
Pmax (MW)
90
A ($/h)
47.38
B ($/MW h)
21.3913
C ($/MW2h)
0.06512
Tup (h)
4
Tdown (h)
3
38
150
43.49
19.1342
0.06124
80
230
39.67
16.2916
0.05768
115
350
36.93
17.7604
0.05957
Rup (MW/h)
Rdown (MW/h)
Po (MW)
Xo (h)
SD ($)
SUP-COST ($)
61
74
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41
45
63
72
12
127
105
82
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23
322
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(4.5). ,
5.2, 5.1, :
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K. 5
35
5.2: 4 6 4x8
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Pmin
(MW)
27
38
80
115
Pmax
(MW)
90
150
230
350
Rup (MW/h)
61
45
105
120
A ($/h)
B ($/MW h)
C ($/MW2h)
Tup (h)
Tdown (h)
47.38
43.49
39.67
36.93
21.3913
19.1342
16.2916
17.7604
0.06512
0.06124
0.05768
0.05957
4
3
4
3
3
2
3
2
Xo
(h)
-1
2
-1
2
E ($/h)
30
100
225
250
CT (h)
5
4
5
4
SD ($)
8
12
23
31
Rdown (MW/h)
74
63
82
116
Po (MW)
0
72
0
143
D ($/h)
25
105
220
255
5.3 ,
D (MW), , Pgm ($/MWh).
5.3:
4x8
h
D (MW)
Pgm ($/MWh)
214
32.1
227
44.56
238
51.47
235
48.34
225
41.18
214
34.1
210
28.4
205
22.1
5.2.2
4 8 6
( 5.4). , 3
, 3
(4.5).
T-up T-down,
Ramp-up Ramp-down. ,
SCIP solver GAMS,
36
K. 5
optca=0 optcr=0, 4. 6,
,
default SCIP
solver, optca=1-9 optcr=0,1, optca=0 optcr=0.
5.4 : 4x8
Tup
Tdown
1
2
4
5
Ramp-up
Ramp-down
start-up cost
start-up cost
(laptop)
: 4 GB RAM, intel core i5 CPU 2.53 GHz.
v. 23.9.5 GAMS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
GAMS :
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8
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optcr=0, .
K. 5
37
5.5
GAMS, 1
0 . , 5.6

1.
5.5: 1 4x8
(h)
5.6: (MW) 1
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
39.05
31.84
0.00
0.00
50.85
47.41
48.28
0.00
72.00
59.95
0.00
43.00
40.00
72.51
68.85
63.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.16
80.00
80.00
101.63
97.74
98.72
80.00
143.00
115.00
115.00
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

, , 5.5 5.6
,
.
1 :
Profit(1) = $ 25 568.21.
, ( ) :
Profit(i,t) = Revenue(i,t) - Cost_Leit(i,t) - Cost_Start_Up(i,t) - Cost_Shut_Down(i,t)
:
Profit(i,t): ($) i t
Revenue(i,t): ($) i t
(5.1)
38
K. 5
Cost_Leit(i,t): ($) i t
Cost_Start_up(i,t): ($) i t
Cost_Shut_down(i,t): ($) i t
(5.1), (Profit(i,t)) ,

. 5.7 5.1.
5.7: 1 4x8
($)
2 136.35
4 850.05
9 787.48
8 794.29
25 568.21
5.1: 1 4x8
5.7
3 4. ,
72.68% . 1
optca=0 optcr=0, solver SCIP GAMS
. ,

5.1 A, B,
C, .
K. 5
39
, 5.8

, (5.1). 5.2

, .
5.8: 1 4x8
(h)
($/h)
($)
1
1 568.52
2
4 403.20
3
6 556.03
4
5 873.72
5
3 845.68
6
2 255.28
7
1 029.94
8
35.85
25 568.21
5. 2:
1 4x8
5.2
, ,
, ,
,
.
,
. 80.9%
.
40
K. 5
solver SCIP, 12,47 sec

1 .
5.2.2.2 A 2 4x8
2 Ramp-up Rampdown
.

solver SCIP, optca=0 optcr=0, .
5.9
GAMS, 1
5.10 , ,
.
5.9: 2 4x8
(h)
0
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
5.10: 2
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.86
47.42
46.16
27.00
72.00
99.00
43.00
40.00
40.00
72.52
68.84
67.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.62
97.74
96.33
80.00
143.00
115.00
120.76
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2 :
Profit(2) = $ 25 105.09.
, ( ),
(5.1). , ,
2
4x8. 5.11 5.3.
K. 5
41
5.11: 2 4x8
($)
1 220.12
7 087.64
7 929.63
8 867.70
25 105.09
5.3: 2 4x8
5.11
2,3 4. ,
95,14% .
, 5.12

, 1, (5.1). 5.4

, .
42
K. 5
5.12: 2 4x8

($/h)
($)
1
1 464.22
2
4 297.22
3
6 369.03
4
5 873.72
5
3 845.68
6
2 255.28
7
1 031.82
8
-31.87
25 105.09
5. 4:
2 4x8
5.4 , 1,
,
, ,
,
, .
,
. 81.2%

.
2 .
K. 5
43
5.2.2.3 A 3 4x8
3 Ramp-up, Rampdown, Tup Tdown .
solver
SCIP, optca=0 optcr=0, .
5.13, ,
GAMS, 1
5.14 , ,
.
5.13: 3
4x8
(h)
5.14: 3
4x8
(MW)
0
0..00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.86
47.42
48.29
27.00
72.00
99.00
106.00
43.00
40.00
72.51
68.86
63.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
80.00
100.63
97.73
98.72
80.00
143.00
115.00
121.00
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3 :
Profit(3) = $ 25 103.21.
, ( ),
(5.1). , ,
3
4x8. 5.15 5.5.
44
K. 5
5.15: 3 4x8
($)
1 221.87
7 078.86
7 931.73
8 870.74
25 103.21
5.5: 3 4x8
5.15
2,3 4. ,
95,13% .
, 5.16

, 1, (5.1). 5.6

, .
5.16: 3 4x8

($/h)
($)
1
1 464.22
2
4 297.21
3
6 369.03
4
5 873.72
5
3 845.68
25 103.21
6
2 255.28
7
1 029.94
8
-31.87
K. 5
45
5. 6:
3 4x8
5.6 , ,
.
,
. 81.2%

.
3 .
5.2.2.4 A 4 4x8
4 Tup Tdown

. ,
(4.5).
solver SCIP, optca=0 optcr=0,
.
5.17, ,
GAMS 5.18 ,
, .
46
K. 5
5.17: 4
4x8
(h)
5.18: 4
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
1
39.05
2
31.84
3
0.00
4
0.00
5
50.86
6
47.41
7
48.28
8
0.00
72.00
59.95
0.00
43.00
40.00
72.51
68.85
63.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.16
80.00
80.00
101.63
97.74
98.72
80.00
143.00
115.00
115.00
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4 :
Profit(4) = $ 25 612.58.
, (5.1),

4 4x8. 5.19
5.7.
5.19: 4 4x8
($)
2 153.15
4 849.95
9 815.19
8 794.29
25 612.58
K. 5
47
5.7: : 4 4x8
5.19
3 4. ,
72.7% . ,
1 , 91.4%
2,3 4.
, 5.20

, 1, (5.1). 5.8

, .
5.20: 4 4x8
($/h)
($)
1
1 597.08
2
4 431.02

3
4
5
6 555.91 5 873.72 3 851.78
25 612.58
6
2 255.28
7
1 029.94
8
35.85
48
K. 5
5. 8:
4 4x8
5.8 , ,
. 80.9%

.
solver SCIP, 13.67 sec
4 .
5.2.2.5 A 5 4x8
5 Ramp-up Rampdown
.
,
(4.5). solver SCIP,
optca=0 optcr=0, .
5.21, ,
GAMS 5.22 ,
, .
K. 5
49
5.21: 5
4x8
(h)
0
5.22: 5
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.00
3
0.00
4
0.00
5
50.85
6
47.42
7
43.16
8
27.00
72.00
99.00
106.24
43.00
40.00
72.52
68.85
67.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
80.00
101.63
97.74
96.33
80.00
143.00
115.00
120.76
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5 :
Profit(5) = $ 25 102.6.
, (5.1),

4 4x8. 5.23
5.9.
5.23: 5 4x8
($)
1 217.07
7 087.64
7 930.18
8 867.71
25 102.6
50
K. 5
5.9: : 5 4x8
5.23 , ,
1 , 95.15%
2,3 4.
, 5.24

, 1, (5.1). 5.10

, .
5.24: 5 4x8

($/h)
($)

4
5
1 464.22
4 297.22
6 369.51
5 873.72
3 842.71
25 612.58
2 255.28
1 031.82
-31.87
K. 5
51
5. 10:
5 4x8
5.6 , ,
. 79.6%

.
5 .
5.2.2.6 A 6 4x8
6 Ramp-up, Rampdown, Tup Tdown . ,
(4.5). ,
default SCIP
solver GAMS ( 6.1), optca=1-9 optcr=0.1,
optca=0 optcr=0 ( 6.2), 4.
5.2.2.6.1 6.1 4x8

5.25, ,
GAMS 5.26 ,
, .
52
K. 5
5.25: 6.1
4x8
(h)
0
5.26: 6.1
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.00
3
0.00
4
0.00
5
0.00
6
0.00
7
0.00
8
0.00
72.00
99.00
106.00
43.00
88.00
97.18
122.18
75.65
38.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
147.00
127.82
82.00
0.00
0.00
143.00
115.00
121.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.1 :
Profit(6.1) = $ 23 465.52.
, (5.1),

6.1 4x8. 5.27
5.11.
5.27: 6.1 4x8
($)
0.00
8 568.76
8 717.93
6 178.83
23 465.52
K. 5
53
5.11: : 6.1 4x8
5.27 1
,
, 2,3 4, 2
3 4.
, 5.28

, , (5.1). 5.12

,
.
5.28: 6.1 4x8

($/h)
($)
1
1 464.22
2
4 297.21
3
6 369.51
4
5 446.42
5
3 719.77
23 465.52
6
1 903.62
7
284.00
8
-19.22
54
K. 5
5. 12:
6.1 4x8
5.12 , ,
. 84.5%

.
5 .
5.2.2.6.2 6.2 4x8

5.29, ,
GAMS 5.30 ,
, .
5.29: 6.2
4x8
(h)
0
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
K. 5
55
5.30: 6.2
4x8
(MW)
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.86
47.42
48.28
27.00
72.00
99.00
106.00
43.00
40.00
72.51
68.84
63.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
80.00
101.62
97.74
98.72
80.00
143.00
115.00
121.00
115.00
115.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.2 :
Profit(6.2) = $ 25 100.73.
, (5.1),

6.2 4x8. 5.31
5.13.
5.31: 6.2 4x8
($)
1 219.01
7 078.82
7 932.16
8 870.74
25 100.73
56
K. 5
5.13: : 6.2 4x8

5.31 , ,
1 , 95.14%
2,3 4. 6.1, 1
5 8 .
, 5.32

, , (5.1). 5.14

,
.
5.32: 6.2 4x8

($/h)
($)
1 464.22
4 297.21
6 369.51
5 873.72
3 842.71
2 255.28
1 029.94
-31.87
25 100.73
K. 5
57
5. 14:
6.2 4x8
5.14 , ,
. 79%

. ,
6.1 6.2. 6.2,
5
.
6.2 .
5.2.3

4 8
. 6 . ,
5.4, ,

.

T-up T-down.
, 6.2
58
K. 5
, 1 4, T-up Tdown, 1.86% 2.04%, .

.
2 5, Ramp-up Ramp-down,
6.2.
, ,
, D (MW), ,
Ramp-up Ramp-down.
,
,
, .
1
4, T-up T-down
.
4 9.6% 1. ,
, .
, ,
, 0.2%.
,
,
, .
,

, ,
, ,
,
. ,
,
. 79.6%
.
, 1
. 1 4,
,
95% 2, 3 4. ,
, 1
A, B C, 5.1 5.2,
.
K. 5
5.3
59
10 24
5.3.1

24 .
10x24 [5.2], [5.3].
5.33 10 , :
Pmin (MW)
Pmax (MW)
($/h), ($/MWh), C ($/MW2h) , ,

()
Tup (h)

Tdown (h)

Xo (h) (
), ,
.
Rup (MW/h)
Rdown (MW/h)
Po (MW) ,

SD ($/h)
SUP-COST($/h)
D ($/h)
E ($/h)
CT (h) .
60
K. 5
5.33: 10x24
Pmin (MW)
Pmax (MW)
A ($/h)
B ($/MW h)
C ($/MW2h)
Tup (h)
Tdown (h)
15
60
15
1.4
0.0051
20
80
25
1.5
0.004
30
100
40
1.35
0.0039
25
120
32
1.4
0.0038
50
150
29
1.54
0.0021
75
280
72
1.35
0.0026
250
520
105
1.395
0.0013
10
50
150
100
1.329
0.0014
120
320
49
1.264
0.0029
10
75
200
82
1.214
0.0015
Xo (h)
Rup (MW/h)
Rdown (MW/h)
Po (MW)
D ($/h)
E ($/h)
CT (h)
SD ($)
35
55
60
15
123
66
70
80
15
123
80
93
100
25
110
55
118
120
12
100
-3
143
139
30
130
-3
128
261
30
146
10
271
276
520
60
207
11
55
83
150
80
202
11
161
150
320
50
137
10
143
87
200
70
157
5.34 ,
D (MW), , Pgm ($/MWh)
[5.4].
5.74:
10x24
h
1
2
3
4
5
6
D (MW)
1 517
1 426
1 368
1 328
1 317
1 351
Pgm ($/MWh)
17.412
17.443
17.505
20.018
17.502
20.178
K. 5
61
5.84:
10x24 ()
h
D (MW)
Pgm ($/MWh)
1 398
20.576
1 351
20.974
1 317
20.735
10
1 293
23.228
11
1 238
26.234
12
1 226
27.417
13
1 203
23.228
14
1 180
20.735
15
1 170
20.974
16
1 136
17.533
17
1 113
17.502
18
1079
20.178
19
1 034
20.974
20
1 022
23.228
21
1 010
20.576
22
1 058
23.114
23
1 124
17.455
24
1 517
17.393
5.3.2
10 24 4
( 5.35).
T-up T-down, Ramp-up Rampdown. , SCIP solver
GAMS, optca=0
optcr=0, 4. 3,
,
default SCIP solver, optca=1-9 optcr=0,1,
optca=0 optcr=0.
5.35 : 10x24
Tup
Tdown
3.1
3.2
Ramp-up
Ramp-down
Optcr =0
start-up cost
62
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
K. 5
GAMS :
8
, 0 1, 0 ,
1 .
8
.
, ,
.
.
.

.
5.3.2.1 1 10x24
1 Tup Tdown

.
5.36, ,
GAMS 5.37 ,
, .
5.36: 1
10x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
2
3
4
5
6 7
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 0
1
1
1
1
1 0
0
0
0
0
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
8
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
K. 5
63
5.36: 1
10x24 ()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
(h)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
17
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
18 19 20 21 22 23
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
24
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
5.37: 1
10x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
143.00
128.00
276.00
150.00
260.00
200.00
(MW)
2
3
4
5
6
7
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
73.63
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 94.73 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 90.65 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 130.71
0.00
256.00 260.04 238.95 233.15 142.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
266.92 459.46
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
310.00 247.96 229.05 223.85 142.24 228.54
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8
60.00
80.00
100.00
116.11
0.00
128.00
341.30
150.00
175.59
200.00
64
K. 5
5.37: 1
10x24 ()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
0.00
0.00
276.00
150.00
320.00
200.00
(MW)
10
11
12
13
14
15
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
71.42
75.92
80.00
80.00
93.00
0.00
80.00
97.09 100.00 100.00
120.00 118.00
0.00
55.00 110.00 120.00
143.00 150.00 126.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
128.00 245.26 138.73 145.63 204.00 261.00
0.00
0.00
260.15 273.96 276.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
319.00 234.74 139.19 145.40
0.00
161.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
16
60.00
80.00
93.00
120.00
139.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
294.00
200.00
17
60.00
73.59
0.00
90.62
0.00
128.00
266.79
150.00
144.00
200.00
(MW)
18
19
20
21
22
23
60.00
43.74
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
43.26
79.43
77.70
78.31
80.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
120.00 58.70
96.76
94.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
72.89
0.00
0.00
139.65 150.00
0.00
95.41 151.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
469.00 250.00 284.77 279.47 281.33 318.60
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
120.00
0.00
147.88 148.71 165.40
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
24
60.00
80.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
128.00
501.58
150.00
247.42
200.00
1 :
Profit (1) = $ 542 109.87.
, (5.1),

1 10x24. 5.38
5.15.
K. 5
65
5.38: 1 10x24
($)
26 400.34
33 970.39
26 371.13
38 919.32
34 752.37
54 730.49
92 964.54
65 876.40
9
10
($)
78 937.70
89 187.20
542 109.87
5.15: : 1 10x24
5.38 1 5
,
5.33 B C 6 10,
,
.
6 10
. , 6
10 70.4% .
66
K. 5
, 5.39

, , (5.1). 5.16

,
.
5.39: 1 10x24
h
($/h)
23 023.28
21 786.61
21 027.67
23 770.62
20 265.21
24 314.23
25 783.19
25 439.77
24 268.09
10
27 108.24
11
29 851.71
12
30 911.61
13
25 387.30
14
21 973.06
15
21 272.86
16
17 416.31
17
17 004.52
18
19 468.53
19
19 312.99
20
21 590.69
21
18 619.89
22
22 195.29
23
17 289.75
24
($)
23 028.45
542 109.87
K. 5
67
5. 16:
1 10x24
5.16 , ,
. ,
55% 12 .
solver SCIP, 10 43
1 .
5.3.2.2 2 10x24
2 Ramp-up Rampdown
.
solver SCIP, optca=0 optcr=0, .
5.40, ,
GAMS 5.41 ,
, .
68
K. 5
5.40: 2
10x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
2
3
4
5
6 7
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
17
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
(h)
18 19 20 21 22 23
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
24
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
K. 5
69
5.41: 2
10x24
(MW)
1
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
75.18
71.52
70.53
73.63
77.90
73.62
100.00
100.00
96.34
92.60
91.56
94.74
99.14
94.75
110.83
98.10
92.28
88.45
87.40
90.65
95.16
90.66
150.00
144.19
133.65
126.71
124.81
130.71
138.86
130.72
171.60
153.01
144.49
138.90
137.35
142.10
148.71
142.10
325.89
288.71
271.69
260.47
257.39
266.91
280.08
266.93
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
9
10
168.68
200.00
152.00
200.00
144.37
200.00
139.36
200.00
137.97
200.00
142.25
200.00
148.15
200.00
142.23
200.00
(MW)
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
70.52
80.00
76.70
75.43
73.00
70.55
69.50
64.83
91.56
100.00
97.92
96.61
94.10
91.60
90.52
85.73
87.39
100.95
93.91
92.57
90.00
87.44
86.33
81.39
124.81
149.33
136.59
134.16
129.53
124.89
122.86
113.95
137.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
257.39
296.99
276.39
272.50
265.01
257.50
254.24
250.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
137.97
155.73
146.49
144.74
141.37
138.02
136.55
130.10
10
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
(MW)
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
58.05
54.18
48.06
46.43
44.80
51.33
59.26
60.00
61.52
56.58
48.78
46.69
44.62
52.93
63.06
80.00
82.33
77.27
69.27
67.12
65.00
73.52
83.89
100.00
77.91
72.73
64.51
62.32
60.12
68.89
79.54
120.00
107.65
98.25
83.39
79.44
75.46
91.32
110.58
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
438.05
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
125.54
120.00
120.00
120.00
120.00
120.00
127.67
218.95
10
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
70
K. 5
2 :
Profit (2) = $ 545 177.95.
, (5.1),

2 10x24. 5.42
5.17.
5.42: 2 10x24
($)
25 579.71
30 003.16
39 149.82
38 099.42
53 543.47
22 111.86
119 477.12
65 876.40
9
10
($)
62 149.77
89 187.20
545 177.95
5.17: : 2 10x24
K. 5
71
5.42 1 6
. , 7
10 61.9% .
, 5.43

, , (5.1). 5.18

,
.
5.43: 2 10x24
h
1
($/h)
23 056.58
21 891.83
21 088.07
23 808.61
20 297.59
24 437.33
25 843.11
25 512.73
24 555.45
10
27 348.20
11
29 909.73
12
31 070.58
13
25448.78
14
22 020.51
15
22 113.39
16
17 560.62
17
17 168.98
18
19 528.39
19
19 529.91
20
21 604.40
21
18 669.52
22
22 251.64
23
17 286.69
24
($)
23 175.29
545 177.95
72
K. 5
5. 18:
2 10x24
5.18 , ,
. ,
54.8% 12 .
solver SCIP, 1 48
1 .
5.3.2.3 A 3 10x24
3 Ramp-up, Rampdown, Tup Tdown 10x24.
default SCIP solver GAMS ( 3.1),
optca=1-9 optcr=0.1, optca=0 optcr=0 ( 3.2),
4.
5.3.2.3.1 3.1 10x24

5.44, ,
GAMS 5.45 ,
, .
K. 5
73
5.44: 3.1
10x24
(h)
1
10
(h)
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
10
(h)
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
10
74
K. 5
5.45: 3.1
10x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
60.00
80.00
93.00
120.00
143.00
0.00
447.72
150.00
223.28
200.00
(MW)
2
3
4
5
6
7
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 115.04 118.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
128.00 208.42 195.10 191.44 177.75 185.77
388.00 399.58 372.90 365.56 338.21 354.23
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8
60.00
80.00
100.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
9
60.00
80.00
100.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
(MW)
10
11
12
13
14
15
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 93.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00 119.31 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
520.00 443.00 376.00 350.69 420.00 410.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
16
60.00
80.00
0.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
376.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
17
60.00
80.00
0.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
276.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
(MW)
18
19
20
21
22
23
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 106.73 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
161.00 163.27 198.00 264.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
24
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
271.00
150.00
320.00
200.00
K. 5
75
3.1 :
Profit (3.1) = $ 530 678.06.
, 5.1,

3.1 10x24. 5.46
5.19.
5.46: 3.1 10x24
($)
26 710.08
35 274.56
29 714.77
43 649.57
66 247.35
18 024.82
131 002.64
65 876.40
24 990.68
10
89 187.20
($)
530 678.06
5.19: : 3.1 10x24
76
K. 5
5.46 1 6
. , 7
10 58.6% , 3%
. 7
24.7% .
, 5.47

, , (5.1). , 5.20

,
.
5.47: 3.1 10x24
h
($/h)
23 109.61
21 773.88
21 044.97
23 778.01
20 270.14
24 328.12
25 815.49
23 720.46
23 419.32
10
26 560.50
11
29 797.11
12
31 043.09
13
25 425.93
14
21 981.50
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
($)
22 078.52
17 538.60
15 977.44
15 125.41
16 258.06
21 433.61
18 699.51
22 262.07
17 255.03
21 981.68
530 678.06
K. 5
77
5. 20:
3.1 10x24
5.20 , ,
. ,
55.5% 12
12
.
, solver SCIP, 27
2 .
5.3.2.3.2 3.2 10x24

5.48, ,
GAMS 5.49 ,
, .
78
K. 5
5.48: 3.2
10x24
(h)
1
10
(h)
9
1
10
1
11
1
12
1
13
1
14
1
15
1
16
1
10
(h)
17
1
18
1
19
1
20
1
21
1
22
1
23
1
24
1
10
K. 5
79
5.49: 3.2
10x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
143.00
0.00
442.88
150.00
221.12
200.00
(MW)
2
3
4
5
6
7
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 93.00
0.00
0.00
120.00 115.15 107.51 106.74 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
375.21 338.52 316.17 313.94 392.48 424.93
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
190.79 174.33 164.32 163.32 198.52 213.07
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8
60.00
80.00
0.00
120.00
139.00
0.00
400.07
150.00
201.93
200.00
9
60.00
80.00
0.00
118.00
0.00
0.00
473.95
150.00
235.05
200.00
(MW)
10
11
12
13
14
15
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
77.17
80.00
80.00
80.00 100.00 100.00 98.38 100.00 100.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00 109.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
137.47 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
483.62 431.83 423.55 277.84 330.00 320.88
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
239.38 216.17 212.45 147.13
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
16
60.00
80.00
100.00
100.72
148.93
0.00
296.35
150.00
0.00
200.00
17
60.00
79.46
100.00
96.81
141.84
0.00
284.89
150.00
0.00
200.00
(MW)
18
19
20
21
22
23
60.00
55.82
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
70.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
66.00
97.06
79.41
91.60 100.00 100.00 100.00
93.04
74.92
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
135.02 102.23 124.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
273.88 250.00 257.50 329.64 362.79 362.79
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
121.62 138.02 170.36 185.21 185.21
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
24
60.00
80.00
100.00
0.00
143.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
264.00
200.00
80
K. 5
3.2 :
Profit (3.2) = $ 544 306.43.
, (5.1),

3.2 10x24. 5.50
5.21.
.
5.50: 3.2 10x24
($)
26 630.76
28 379.02
35 413.68
29 202.49
41 970.87
0.00
159 677.00
65 876.40
9
10
($)
67 969.02
89 187.20
544 306.43
5.21: : 3.2 10x24
K. 5
81
5.50 1 5
. , 6

. , 7 10
70.3% , 7
29.34% .
, 5.51

, , (5.1). 5.22

,
.
5.51: 3.2 10x24
h
($/h)
23 112.765
21 886.982
21 094.687
23 821.595
20 311.4
24 427.917
25 817.178
25 500.25
24 489.773
10
27 170.201
11
29 852.505
12
31 018.138
13
25 284.837
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
($)
22 003.54
22 098.224
17 550.812
17 162.507
19 526.739
19 423.476
21 626.447
18 680.141
22 242.825
17 183.476
23 020.019
544 306.43
82
K. 5
5. 22:
3.2 10x24
5.22 , ,
. ,
54.8% 12 .
solver SCIP, 5 16
1 .
5.3.3

10 24
4 . ,
5.35, . 1,
T-up T-down, 2
Ramp-up Ramp-down 3
Ramp-up, Ramp-down, Tup Tdown 10x24.
default SCIP solver GAMS
( 3.1), optca=1-9 optcr=0.1, optca=0 optcr=0
( 3.2).
1 SCIP solver GAMS
, 10 42 .

, 10
K. 5
83

.
10 42 ,
. , ,

,
.
2.15% 3.1 0.41%
3.2.
2, Ramp-up Ramp-down, 26
SCIP solver GAMS default
$ 544 537.27 1 48
$ 545 177.65, 0.12% .
, 3,
2 2.73% 3.1 0.16%
3.2.
, ,
10x24,
.
12 , .
, 54.8% 55.5%
12 .
, 7 10
. , 58.6% 2 70.3%
3.2
. , 7, ,
5.33,
, 17.15% 1 29.34% 3.2
.
84
5.4
K. 5
20 24
5.4.1

24 .
20x24, 10x24
. ,
10x24 2 .
1, 11, 2 12, ....
10x24 5.33.
5.52
, D (MW), 2 10x24,
, Pgm ($/MWh),
10x24.
5.52:
20x24
h
D (MW)
Pgm ($/MWh)
3 034
17.412
2 852
17.443
2 736
17.505
2 656
20.018
2 634
17.502
2 702
20.178
2 796
20.576
2 702
20.974
2 634
20.735
10
2 586
23.228
11
2 476
26.234
12
2 452
27.417
13
2 406
23.228
14
15
16
2 360
2 340
2 272
20.735
20.974
17.533
17
2 226
17.502
K. 5
85
5.52:
20x24 ()
h
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
D (MW)
2 158
2 068
2 044
2 020
2 116
2 248
3 034
Pgm ($/MWh)
20.178
20.974
23.228
20.576
23.114
17.455
17.393
5.4.2
-
, 20
24 . : T-up,
T-down, Ramp-up Ramp-down,
4.5 optca=0 optcr=0.
5.53, ,
GAMS 5.54 ,
, .
86
K. 5
5.53: 20x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
13
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
14
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
4
5
6
7 8 9
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1 1 1
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
16 17 18 19 20 21
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
23
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K. 5
87
5.54: 20x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
0.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
287.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
0.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
287.00
200.00
(MW)
2
3
4
5
6
7
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
75.98
71.53
70.53
73.62
77.90
100.00 97.16
92.59
91.57
94.74
99.13
120.00 93.14
88.45
87.40
90.66
95.16
0.00
135.20 126.72 124.81 130.71 138.87
0.00
128.00 138.89 137.35 142.11 148.70
434.60 274.17 260.47 257.39 266.92 280.09
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
217.40 145.49 139.35 137.97 142.24 148.14
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
75.98
71.53
70.53
73.62
77.90
100.00 97.16
92.59
91.57
94.74
99.13
120.00 93.14
88.45
87.40
90.66
95.16
0.00
135.20 126.72 124.81 130.71 138.87
128.00 145.74 138.89 137.35 142.11 148.70
434.60 274.17 260.47 257.39 266.92 280.09
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
217.40 145.49 139.35 137.97 142.24 148.14
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8
60.00
73.62
94.74
90.66
130.71
142.11
266.92
150.00
142.24
200.00
60.00
73.62
94.74
90.66
130.71
142.11
266.92
150.00
142.24
200.00
9
60.00
70.53
91.57
87.40
124.81
137.35
257.39
150.00
137.97
200.00
60.00
70.53
91.57
87.40
124.81
137.35
257.39
150.00
137.97
200.00
(MW)
10
11
12
13
14
15
60.00
58.19
57.11
55.03
52.58
51.51
68.34
61.69
60.31
57.66
54.54
53.17
89.32
82.50
81.09
78.37
75.17
73.77
85.09
78.10
76.64
73.85
70.57
69.13
120.65 107.98 105.35 100.31 94.37
91.76
133.98 123.76 121.63 117.56 112.76 110.65
250.66 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
134.95 125.78 123.88 120.22 120.00 120.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
58.19
57.11
55.03
52.58
51.51
68.34
61.69
60.31
57.66
54.54
53.17
89.32
82.50
81.09
78.37
75.17
73.77
85.09
78.10
76.64
73.85
70.57
69.13
120.65 107.98 105.35 100.31 94.37
91.76
133.98 123.76 121.63 117.56 112.76 110.65
250.66 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
134.95 125.78 123.88 120.22 120.00 120.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
16
47.86
48.52
69.00
64.23
82.90
103.49
250.00
150.00
120.00
200.00
47.86
48.52
69.00
64.23
82.90
103.49
250.00
150.00
120.00
200.00
88
K. 5
5.54: 20x24 ()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
17
45.39
45.37
65.77
60.92
76.90
98.65
250.00
150.00
120.00
200.00
45.39
45.37
65.77
60.92
76.90
98.65
250.00
150.00
120.00
200.00
(MW)
18
19
20
21
22
23
41.74
37.89
36.95
36.01
39.78
46.57
40.72
35.81
34.61
33.41
38.22
46.88
60.99
55.96
54.73
53.49
58.43
67.31
56.02
50.86
49.59
48.32
53.39
62.50
68.04
58.69
56.40
54.11
63.28
79.77
91.49
83.94
82.09
80.24
87.65 100.97
250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
200.00 190.84 187.63 184.42 197.25 200.00
41.74
37.89
36.95
36.01
39.78
46.57
40.72
35.81
34.61
33.41
38.22
46.88
60.99
55.96
54.73
53.49
58.43
67.31
56.02
50.86
49.59
48.32
53.39
62.50
68.04
58.69
56.40
54.11
63.28
79.77
91.49
83.94
82.09
80.24
87.65 100.97
250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
200.00 190.84 187.63 184.42 197.25 200.00
24
60.00
80.00
100.00
110.83
150.00
171.60
325.89
150.00
168.68
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
110.83
150.00
171.60
325.89
150.00
168.68
200.00
20x24 :
Profit (20x24) = $ 1 088 936.94.
, 5.1,

20x24. 5.55 5.23.
5.55: 20x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
($)
23 437.68
26 011.14
35 080.70
34 153.72
41 253.62
47 712.79
120 207.45
65 876.40
61 224.46
88 395.15
K. 5
89
5.55: 20x24 ()
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
($)
($)
23 437.68
26 011.14
35 080.70
34 153.72
41 253.62
49 943.53
120 207.45
65 876.40
61 224.46
88 395.15
1 088 936.94
5.23: : 20x24
5.55
, 7 17 $ 120 207.45
. 7 17
22.08%
. , 10x24, 7 10
17 20 61.7% .
, 5.56

, , (5.1). 5.24

90
K. 5
,
.
5.56: 20x24
h
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
($)
($/h)
46 218.23
43 579.01
41 838.49
47 617.22
40 595.18
48 874.66
51 686.23
51 025.45
49 110.90
54 661.18
59 771.15
62 089.96
50 840.75
43 978.43
44 161.61
35 047.09
34 257.84
38 967.93
38 960.48
43 107.04
37 235.06
44 409.26
34 496.11
46 407.71
1 088 936.94
5. 24:
3.2
K. 5
91
5.24 , ,
. ,
54.8% 12 ,
10x24.
solver SCIP, 11 24
1 .
92
5.5
K. 5
50 24
5.5.1

50
24 .
50x24, 10x24, .
, 10x24
5 . 1,
11, 21, 31 41, .... 10x24
5.33.
5.57
, D (MW), 5 10x24,
, Pgm ($/MWh),
10x24.
5.57:
50x24
h
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
D (MW)
7 585
7 130
6 840
6 640
6 585
6 755
6 990
6 755
6 585
6 465
6 190
6 130
6 015
5 900
5 850
5 680
5 565
5 395
5 170
Pgm ($/MWh)
17.412
17.443
17.505
20.018
17.502
20.178
20.576
20.974
20.735
23.228
26.234
27.417
23.228
20.735
20.974
17.533
17.502
20.178
20.974
K. 5
93
5.57:
50x24 ()
h
20
21
22
23
24
D (MW)
5 110
5 050
5 290
5 620
7 585
Pgm ($/MWh)
23.228
20.576
23.114
17.455
17.393
5.5.2
-
, 50
24 . : T-up,
T-down, Ramp-up Ramp-down,
(4.5) default SCIP solver
GAMS.
5.58, ,
GAMS 5.59 ,
, .
5.58: 50x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(h)
9
4
5
6
7 8
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
0
0 0
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
0
1
1
1
1 1
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
11
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
12
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
94
K. 5
5.58: 50x24 ()
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
14
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
3
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
(h)
9
4
5
6
7 8
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
0
0 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
0
0 0
0
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
0
0 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
0
0
0 0
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
0
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
15
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
(h)
16 17 18 19 20 21
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
23
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K. 5
95
5.58: 50x24 ()
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
13
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
14
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
(h)
16 17 18 19 20 21
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
23
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
24
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
96
K. 5
5.59: 50x24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
1
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
143.00
128.00
276.00
150.00
231.11
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
0.00
128.00
465.13
150.00
231.11
200.00
60.00
80.00
93.00
120.00
143.00
128.00
465.16
150.00
231.11
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
0.00
0.00
465.17
150.00
231.10
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
118.00
(MW)
2
3
4
5
6
7
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
229.53 256.68 238.36 246.59 267.17 280.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
143.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
229.54 256.70 238.34 246.59 267.16 280.00
441.75 496.09 459.38 475.87 517.03 520.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
229.53 256.70 238.35 246.57 267.15 280.00
441.75 496.09 459.38 276.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
143.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
128.00 256.00
441.74 496.08 459.36 475.87 517.00 520.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00 120.00
8
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
241.98
0.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
241.98
466.66
150.00
161.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
241.98
0.00
150.00
161.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
241.98
466.64
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
K. 5
97
5.59: 50x24 ()
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
1
143.00
128.00
276.00
150.00
231.11
200.00
(W)
2
3
4
5
6
7
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
229.53 256.70 238.34 246.60 267.17 261.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
220.62 244.96 228.50 235.91 254.33 293.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
231.78
200.00
9
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
161.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
276.00
150.00
237.28
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
248.13
0.00
150.00
237.29
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
(W)
10
11
12
13
14
15
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
234.96 201.41 237.80 242.56 239.03 256.34
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
234.95 201.39 237.80 242.58 239.01 256.33
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
271.00 398.89 480.10 490.72 482.86 520.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
234.94 201.39 237.80 242.58 150.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
16
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
286.66
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
286.68
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
520.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
98
K. 5
5.59: 50x24 ()
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
9
150.00
248.12
478.93
150.00
161.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
237.25
200.00
(W)
10
11
12
13
14
15
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
245.51 208.10 248.68 254.00 250.05 261.00
473.72 276.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
234.95 201.41 237.81 242.57 239.04 256.34
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00 120.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
234.96 201.39 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
16
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
286.66
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
17
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
251.85
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
251.85
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
118.00
(W)
18
19
20
21
22
23
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
93.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
118.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
128.00 236.44 280.00 280.00 175.97
0.00
271.00 455.57 520.00 520.00 334.62
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
247.08 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
93.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
118.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
247.07 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 93.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00 113.83
24
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
280.00
520.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
120.00
K. 5
99
5.59: 50x24 ()
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
17
150.00
0.00
511.46
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
251.85
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
0.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
(W)
18
19
20
21
22
23
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
128.00
500.78 371.75 276.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
118.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00 110.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
271.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
247.07 189.25 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
93.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
120.00 118.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.00
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
128.00 236.45 280.00 280.00 175.97
0.00
271.00 455.54 520.00 520.00 334.61
150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
161.00
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
24
150.00
256.00
0.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
150.00
128.00
520.00
150.00
0.00
200.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
110.00
150.00
280.00
520.00
150.00
320.00
200.00
50x24 :
Profit (50x24) = $ 2 706 345.17.
, (5.1),

50x24. 5.60 5.25.
100
K. 5
5.60: 50x24
($)
26 710.08
35 274.56
35 621.84
44 318.10
66 247.35
56 656.74
52 011.85
65 876.40
54 425.54
10
89 187.20
11
26 710.08
12
35 274.56
13
35 621.84
14
44 318.10
15
63 929.65
16
31 629.39
17
69 461.22
18
65 876.40
19
58 880.35
20
89 187.20
21
26 710.08
22
35 274.56
23
29 023.35
24
44 385.97
25
66 247.35
26
41 859.10
27
127 526.88
28
65 876.40
29
36 912.09
30
89 187.20
31
26 710.08
32
35 274.56
33
44 075.20
34
44 318.10
35
63 929.65
36
48 929.50
37
101 606.59
38
65 876.40
K. 5
101
5.60: 50x24 ()
39
($)
58 340.92
40
89 187.20
41
26 710.08
42
35 274.56
43
35 621.84
44
37 326.62
45
66 247.35
46
51 877.43
47
52 011.08
48
65 722.23
49
57 993.59
50
89 187.20
($)
2 706 354.17
5.25: : 50x24
5.60

. , 1,2 10
. ,
3,13,43 : $ 35621,84. 4,14,24,34 :
$ 44318.10. 5,25 45 : $ 66247.35,
102
K. 5
15 35 : $ 63929.65. 8, 18, 28, 38

$ 65876.4 9, 19, 39, 49 : $ 54425.54,
9, $ 58880.35, 19. ,
6 , $31912.39,
16, $ 56656.74, 6.
7 $ 52011.08, 47, $
127536.88, 27, .
10x24,
7 10, 17 20, 27 30, 37 40 47 50,
53.4% .
16.9%
10x24 3.2.
, 7, 17, 27 37, 47 14.9%
50x24, 14.44%
3.2 10 x24.
, 5.61

, , (5.1). 5.24

,
.
5.56: 50x24
h
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
($/h)
115 322.21
109 081.81
105 062.02
118 774.76
101 167.84
121 579.30
128 745.21
127 106.70
122 398.04
136 421.41
149 461.66
155 167.23
127 028.30
109 930.45
110 325.95
87 558.63
85 692.97
K. 5
103
5.56: 50x24 ()
h
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
($)
($/h)
97 530.51
96 936.22
107 940.19
91 336.65
108 410.31
85 526.33
107 849.46
2 706 354.17
5. 22:
50x24
5.22 , ,
. ,
55% 12 , 0.2%
10x24.
solver SCIP, 43
50x24 .
104
K. 5
5.5.3
5.4 5.5
20 50
24 .
: T-up, T-down, Ramp-up Ramp-down
4.5. ,
10x24 5.3.
, 20x24 50x24, , :
1. 2 5 10x24 ,
1, 11, 21, 31 41 .
2. , D (MW),
10x24.
3. , Pgm ($/MWh),
10x24.
, SCIP solver
GAMS: optca=0 optcr=0 20x24 default
, optca=1-9 optcr=0.1, 50x24,
SCIP.

10x24. ,
3.2 10x24 5.23 5.24.
5.23:
K. 5
105
5.24:
10x24
5.23 5.24, 10x24,
100.12% 20x24
397.36% 50x24.
20x24, ,
, 7 17
$ 120 207.45 . 7 17
22.08%
, 7.26% 29.34%
7 3.2 10x24 . ,
10x24, 7 10 17 20 61.7%
, 8.6% 10x24.
, 50x24,
7 10, 17 20, 27 30, 37 40 47 50,
53.4% .
16.9%
10x24 3.2., 7, 17, 27 37, 47 14.9%
50x24, 14.44%
3.2 10 x24.
106
5.6
[5.1]
[5.2]
[5.3]
[5.4]
K. 5
D.K. Dimitroulas, P.S. Georgilakis, A new memetic algorithm approach for the price
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December 2011.
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algorithm, Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp.45-55, 1997.
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Simulated Competition, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 14, No.2, pp. 472477, May 1999
BK. Pokhaler, GB Shrestha, TT Lie, S. Fleten, Profit Based Unit Commitment in
Competitive Markets, 2004 International Conference on Power System TechnologyPOWERCON 2004, Singapore, November 2004.
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Ένταξη μονάδων παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με μεικτό ακέραιο μη γραμμικό προγραμματισμό. Διπλωματική εργασία, Ηαρακλής Α. Λατσίδης

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Ένταξη μονάδων παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με μεικτό ακέραιο μη γραμμικό προγραμματισμό. Διπλωματική εργασία, Ηαρακλής Α. Λατσίδης

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5.2.2.1 1 4x8 . ............................... 36

5.3.2.1 1 10x24 . ........................... 62

5.3.2.2 2 10x24. ............................ 67

5.6 ............................................................................................................. 106

6.1 ............................................................ 107

2.1.3.2 . 4001/2011 - ..... .....

2.2.7 (...) &

[3.1] M. Shahidehpour, H. Yamin, Z. Li, Market Operations in Electric Power Systems

GAMS , (input file),

SOLVER SCIP GAMS

Optca (absolut optimality criterion) :

( ) ($/h), ( ) ($/MWh), ( ) ($/MW2h) , ,

GAMS A Users Guide. (Tutorial by Richard E. Rosenthal), (May 2013 GAMS

($/h), ($/MWh), C ($/MW2h) , ,

solver SCIP, 12,47 sec

5.2.2.6.1 6.1 4x8

5.11: : 6.1 4x8

5.28: 6.1 4x8

5.2.2.6.2 6.2 4x8

5.31: 6.2 4x8

5.13: : 6.2 4x8

5.32: 6.2 4x8

, 1 4, T-up Tdown, 1.86% 2.04%, .

($/h), ($/MWh), C ($/MW2h) , ,

Profit (1) = $ 542 109.87.

Profit (2) = $ 545 177.95.

5.3.2.3.1 3.1 10x24

Profit (3.1) = $ 530 678.06.

5.46: 3.1 10x24

5.19: : 3.1 10x24

5.3.2.3.2 3.2 10x24

Profit (3.2) = $ 544 306.43.

5.21: : 3.2 10x24

Profit (20x24) = $ 1 088 936.94.

Profit (50x24) = $ 2 706 345.17.

15 35 : $ 63929.65. 8, 18, 28, 38

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