Thames & Hudson

a e mplete sourcebook for

the home and office
alastair fuad-Iuke
(preface )
This book is intended to st imulate newways of thinking
byillust rating an eco-pluralistic approach to design that
encourages people to t read more lightly, so that future
generations may inherit a healthy planet. This eco-
pluralism is reflected in the diverse solutions realized
by designe rs and manufact urers represented in this book
from over t hirty countries worldwide. Certain solutions
reveal an awareness of the adapt ive strategies of nat ure
and the cyclicactivity of the biosphere (the living parts
of the earth) . Still others acknowledge the value of
materials and products t hat originate in the
technosphere (the parts of the earth that have been
synthesized by human techno logical expertise) . Ot her
solutions combine the best of the biosphere and of the
technosphere in products and mater ials that can be
easily disassembled and returned to their rightful '
' sphere' at the end of their lives. Green designs are as
diverse as the people who create them, partly because
of human individuality and partly because of such factors
as geographical location, habitat , culture, socio-politico-
economic system, availabilityof natural resources
including water and other regional or local peculiarities.
An eco-pluralistic approach to design, which offers
myriad solut ions, therefore seems more fitting than
the dictatorial 'one-model-fits-all' philosoph y of so
many design movements from the twent ieth century.
Eco-pluralism is evolution and revolution. Eco-pluralist
designs range from those t hat embrace minor
modifications of existing products (such as t he use
of recycled rather than virgin materials), t hrough
radical new concepts to the complete dematerialization
of existing products (making products vanish into
services).
The selection of products and materials for this
book is entirelypersona l, arguablyidiosyncrat ic and
representing a mere fraction of realityas viewed at a
particular time. But a universal thread unifies all the
chose n products and materials . Each is an attempt to
improve on the status quo, in small or large increments,
by reducing the inherent impact of product s and
mate rials on our planet and to improve our social well-
being. In this bookthe future is already shown.
Unfortunately this future is unequally distributed. It is
hoped that this book will help to distribute this better ,
'greener' future more equably.
How to use this book
Each product or material is
accompanied by a caption
and a line boxwith all or
some of the following
icons :
" The name and
nationalityof the
designer/designer-maker
(see pages 304 to 311), or
manufacturer and country
ifthe products/material s
are designed in-house (see
pages 312 to 327).
0- The name and
countryof the manu-
facturer (see pages 312to
327) or designer-maker
(see pages 304 to 311 ).
11 The main materials
and/or components
(see pages 278 to 301 for
examples of materials with
reduced environmental
impacts, i.e., ecomaterials).
,} The main eco-design
strategies appliedto
the design of the product
(see pages 328 to 331).
Q. Important design
awards recognizing
eco-design (see pages 333
to 334).
The page numbers in
the line boxes permit rapid
cross -referencingand
enable the reader quickly
to find designers/designer.
makers, manufacturers,
materials and eco-design
strategies.
(Contents )
Introduct ion: Design for a Sustainable Future 8
1.0 Objects for Livi ng 16
12
4
8
1
54
1
57
16 0
86
19
19
54
60
70
80
11 4
114
117
121
9
2
1 7
Port able 110
Bulbs and Accessories 112
1. 1 Furniture
Seat ing
Tables
Shelving and Storage
Multifunctional
Miscellaneous
1.] Other Domestic Products 169
Decorative Objects 169
Waste Disposa l 173
Ki tchen Utensils 175
Miscellaneous 178
1.3 ........;r,
Food Preparation
Cleaning
Coolin
..
-"1
" -,
"
Air
Water
Energy Generat ion 251
Water Conservation - 262
Batteries and Accessories 268
Miscellaneous 270
Lights
195
Furniture 196
Consumables
25
Electronics
27
PublicSE;.;a:.;;;ce ;;;.;s ;;....

2 .0 Objects for Working
-=292
Hard 292
Intermediate/ soft 296
Fi nishes 298
Textiles 300
4.0 Resources 302
Designers, Designer-makers 304
Manufacturers and Suppliers 312
Eco-Design Strategies 327
Green Organizat ions 331
Glossary 339
Further Reading 342
Index 344
Introduction
---)
(Design for aSustainable Future )
Nearlyfortyyears ago Rachel Carson, in her seminal book
Silent Spring, documented the devastating effects of
pesticide use on mammal s and birds in the USA. Today
traces of organo-phos phorus pest icides are found in
organisms throughout the globe, including in human beings.
At the 1967 UNESCOIntergovernmental Conference for
Rational Use and Conservation of the Bi osphere, the concept
of ecologicallysustainable development was first mooted.
Paul Ehrlich's 1968 book, The Population Bomb, linked
human population growth, resource degradation and the
environment and pondered the carrying capacity of the
planet. By1973 the Club of Rome, in its controversial report,
Limits to Growth, was predicting dire consequences for the
world if economic growth was not slowed down. This report
accuratelypredicted that the world population would reach
sixbillion bythe year 2000, although its more frightening
predictions of the exhaust ion of resources such as fossil
fuels were less accurate. Such warnings were, by and large,
ignored, with the result that during the last thirtyyears
people have continued to poison the planet with pesticides
and other toxic chemicals, which has led to the destruction
of ecosystems and the extinction of manyspecies. More
recently people have realized that theytoo are now
threatened by huma n actions . Unfettered use of the internal
combust ion engine and the burning of fossil fuels to
generate electrical power have catalyzed action on climate
change. Significant minorities in different places around the
globe face t he real risk that the land on which they depend
will be inundated by rising sea-levels.
In 1950 the world car fleet numbered fifty million
vehicles and global fossil fuel use was 1,715 millions of
tonnes of oil equivalent. Todaythe re are over five hundred
million vehicles and cons umpt ion of fossil fuels exceeds
8,000 milliontonnes of oil equivalent. For all the individual
freedom it confers, the car is making a huge collective
negative impact on the environment, specificallythe balance
of gases , particulate matter and carcinogens in the
atmos phere. For everyone of the millions of products we
use to ' improve' the qualityof our lives there are associated
environmental impacts. While some products have asmall
environmental impact, others consume finite resour ces in
vast quantities.
The ultimate design challenge of the twenty-first
century is to avoid or minimize the adverse impacts of all
products on the environment. Li ke all challenges, this
constitutes both a demand and an opportunity- to steer the
debate on more sustainable patterns of production and
consumption. Designers need to be an integral part of the
debate rather than remain on the fringe or be subject to the
whim of the political and commercial forces of the day.
Abriefhistory of green design '
Green design has a long pedigree and before the Industrial
Revolution it was the norm for many cultures. Goods such
as furniture and utility items tended to be made locally
bycraftsmen such as blacksmiths, wheelwrights and
woodland workers, from readily available local resources.
Innovation in farming machinery in Europe, particularly
Britain, destabilized the nat ural employment structure of
rural areas and in the first half of the nineteenth century
almost half of the rural population in Britain migrated to
towns to work in factories. Throughout the twentieth
centurythis pattern was repeated around the world as
countries industrialized and created new urban centres.
The founders of the British Arts and Crafts
movement (1850-1914) were quickto note the
environmental degradation associated with the new
industries. Their concerns about the poor quality of
many mass-manufactured goods and the associated
environmental damage prompt ed them to examine new
methods combining inherentlylower impact with increased
production. For various social and technical reasons ,
onlya sma ll section of society reaped the benefits of the
Arts and Crafts movement but the seeds were sown for
development of the earlymodernist movements in
Plaky tabledesigned byChristopher Connell (see p.56)
Introduction
----)
Europe, nota bly in Germa ny (the Deut sche Werkbund and
later t he Bau hau s) , Austr ia (the Secession and t he Wiene r
Werkstatte) and t he Neth erlands (De Stijl). The modern ist s
ins iste d th at th e form of an object had to su it its funct ion
and that sta nda rdized simple forms faci litated th e mass-
prod uction of goo d-qual ity, du rable goo ds at an afforda ble
price, thu s cont ributi ng to social reform.
Econ omy of mat erial and energy use went ha nd in
hand wit h funct ionalism and modernism. Marcel Breuer ,
an em inent st ude nt at the Bauha us between 1920 and 1924,
applied new lightwe ight st eel t ubin g to furn iture design,
arr iving at his celebr ated Wassi ly armc hair and B-32
ca nt ilever chai r. Breuer' s 1927 es say, ' Metal Furnit ure' ,
co nveys his ent hus ias m for the mat erials and reveals his
green credentials. He saw the opport unity to rat iona lize
and standardize compone nts , allowing the product ion of
'flat-pack' chairs th at could be reassembled (and so save
on tr ansp ort ene rgy) and were du rab le and inexpen sive
. (and so hel p improve the lives of th e masses) .
The early proponents of orga nic de sign prom oted a
hol ist ic approac h, borr owing from natu re' s own model of
components withi n systems. In t he USAt he architect
Frank Lloyd Wright was the first to blend t he functio nal ity
of buildings, inte riors and furn itur e into one conce pt.
In t he 1930Sth e Finnish architect and designer Alvar Aalto
also ach ieved a synergy bet ween the built environme nt and
his curvilinea r bent plywood furniture tha t evoked nat ural
rhythm s. At a landmark com pet it ion and exhibit ion in 194 2,
entit led Organic Design for Home Furnishings, organized
by t he Museum of Modern Art, New York, the winners,
Cha rles Eames and Eero Saa rine n, firmly established t heir
biomo rphic plywood furnit ure as a means of satisfyi ng t he
ergo nom ic and emotional nee ds of the user. These des igns
often incor porated lam inated woo d or plywood to obtain
more st ructu ral st rengt h wit h greater eco nomy. With the
rapid evolution of new materials s uch as plastics in the
1960s and 1970S mo re ambitious express ions of
biomorphism were ach ieved.
Ironica lly, one of th e early advoca tes of a more
sustainable design philosophy, Richar d Buckminst er Fuller,
orig inate d from the USA, a country renowned for bot h
prolific production and consumption. One of Buckmin ster
Fuller's early ventures, the Stockade Building Syste m,
established a met hod of wall construct ion using cem ent with
waste wood shavi ngs. Building inspectors of t he day did not
approve of this innovat ion and the vent ure faded . Not easi ly
to be deterred, he soon set up a new des ign compan y, 4-D,
whose name ma kes reference to the conse quence (to
humanity) of 3-D objects over t ime . ' Dymaxion' was the term
he coined for products that gave maximu m human benefit
from minima l use of materials and energy. His 1929
Dymaxion hou se, later developed as a comme rcial product
in t he meta l prefabricat ed Wichita house (1 945). and 1933
teardrop-shaped Dymaxion ca r were bot h radical designs.
The car had a capacity of up to a dozen ad ults, fuel
cons umpt ion of i o.ykm/l itre (30mpg) and t he ability to t urn
within its own lengt h thank s to t he arra ngeme nt of t he thr ee
whee ls. Rem arkable as it was , t he car was plagued with
serious de sign fau lts and never becam e a com me rcial reality.
The Wichita hou se could have been a runaway com mer cial
succes s as nearly forty thousand or de rs po ured in but delays
in refining th e desi gn led to t he collapse of t he company.
Buckminst er Fuller perseve red and in 1949 de veloped a
new meth od of co nst ruct ion based on lightweight polygons.
The geodesic dome was suita ble for domest ic dwellings
or multipurp ose use and its co mponents were readily
t ran sported, easily erect ed and reu sabl e. His legacy inspired
new endeavo urs such as the Eden Project , near St Austell
in Cornwall, UK(2001), in which t he world's lar gest biomes
hou se eighty t housand plant s pec ies from t ropical to
temperate climates .
From 1945 to t he mid-1950S most of Europe s uffered
from shortages of mat erials and energy su pplies. This
aus terity encou raged a rat ionalizat ion of de si gn summe d up
in t he axiom ' less is more ' . The 1951 Festival of Britain
breath ed opt imism into a de pressed society and prod uced
so me celebrated designs including Ernest Race' s Ante lope
chair, which used t he mi nimum amo unt of stee l rod in a
lightweight cu rvilinear frame.
During the 1950S European manufact urer s such as
Fiat , Cit roe n and British Leyland exto lled the virtues of the
sma ll car. Economical to build, fuel-efficient (by standards
of t he day) and accessible to huge mass markets , t hese
ca rs t ran sformed th e lives of almos t nine mil lion owners .
By cont rast, the gas-guzz ling, heavyweight , shortlived Buicks,
Cadillacs and Chevrolet s of Ameri ca may have celebrate d
American opti mis m but were th e very antit hesis of gree n
design.
The hippie movement ofthe 1960s quest ioned
co nsumerism and drew on various back-to-nat ure them es,
taking inspiration from t he dwe llings and lives of nom adic
peopl es. Do-it-yourself design books sat alongsi de
publications such as The Whole Eart h Catalog, a so urce
book of self-s ufficiency advice and too ls that is sti ll
produced annuall y. Out of th is era emerged t he ' alt ernat ive
tech nologist s' who enco uraged the applicat ion of
appropriate levels of tech nology to t he provis ion of bas ic
needs such as fresh water, san itat ion, energy and food for
populations in developing count ries. And with in Europe
young des igners experime nted with new forms using
recycled ma ter ials and exam ined alte rnative syste ms
of design, prod uction and sa les .
Introduction
l _
In 1971 the rumblings of the first energy crisis were felt
and by1974, when the price of a barrel of oil hit an all-time
high, the technologists began designing products that
consumed less energy and so decreased reliance on fossil
fuels. This crisis had a silver lining in the form of the first
rational attempts to examine the lifeof a product and its
conse quent ene rgy requirements. Lifecycle analysis (LCA),
as it became known, has since been developed further into
a means of examini ng the 'cradle to grave' life of products
to determine not onlyenergy and mater ial input s but also
associated environmental impacts .
In his 1971 book, Designf ort he Real World, Victor
Papanek confronted the design profession head on,
demanding that they face their social responsibilities instead
of selling out to commercial interests. Although he was
pilloried by mos t design establ ishments of the day, his book
was translated into twenty-on e languages and remains one
of the most widelyread books on design. Papanek believed
that designers could provide everything from simple,
'appr opriate technology' solutions to objects and systems
for communityor society use.
Bythe 1980s three factors, improved environmental
legislation, greater public awareness of environme ntal issues
and private-sector competition, ensured that 'green
consumers' became a visible force. In the UKin 1988 John
Elki ngton and Julia Hailes wrote The Green Consumer Guide,
which was purchased by millions of people keen to
understand the issues and exercise their 'cons umer power' .
Designers and manufact urers applied themselves to the task
of making their products 'environmentallyfriendly' , not
always with genuine zeal or success . Unsubstantiated claims
on product labels soo n disillusioned an already sceptical
public and green design got buried in an avalanche of
market-driven, environmentallyunfriendly products from
the emerging capitalist-driven 'global economy'. Then t he
pendulum swung back, resulting in more stringent
environment al legislat ion, greater regulation and more
uptake of eco-labelling, energy labels and environmental
management standards.
Against the grain of the high-tech, mart-black 1980s,
a fewnotable designer-makers blended post-modernism
with lowenvironmental-impact materials and recycled
or salvaged components. In London Ron Arad produced
eclectic works ranging from armchairs made from old car
seat s to stereo cas ings of reinforced cast concrete; while
Tom Dixon created organic chair forms using welded steel
rod covered with natural-rush seating, a design that is still
manufactured byCappellini SpA, Italy, today.
The green design debate gathered momentum
following the publication of the Brundtland Report, Our
Common Future, prepared bythe World Commission on
Environment and Development in 1987, which first defined
'sustainable development', and also as a result of
collaborative work between governments, industry and
academia . Dorothy McKenzie's 1991 book, Green Design,
reported initiatives by individual designers and the corporate
world to tackle the real impact of products on the
environme nt.
In the early1990S in the Netherlands, Philips
El ectronics, the Dutch government and the University of
TU Delft collaborated to develop lifecycle analysis that
could be widely used by all designers, especially those in
the industrial secto r. Their /DEMAT LCAsoftware provided
single eco- indicators to ' measure' the overall impact of a
product. IDEMATwas rapidly followed bythree commercial
options, EcoScan, Eco-lt and a higher-grade package,
SimaPro. Today there are tens of different LCAand lifecycle
inventory (LCI) packages, which can help designers
minimize the impact of their des igns from cradle to grave.
Over the last ten years academic communities
around the world have evolved new terminologyto descri be
particular types of ,green' design, such as Design for
environment (DfE) , DIX- where Xcan be asse mbly,
disassembl y, reuse and so on - eco-efflciency, ecodesign
and EcoReDesign. (Refer to the Glossary for full definitions
of these terms.)
Along with the sus ta ina ble-deve lopmen t debate has
come the concept of sustainable product design (SPD).
Most definitions ofS PDembra ce the need for des igners
to recognize not onlythe environme ntal impact of the ir
designs over time but their social and et hical impacts too.
Buckminster Fuller and Papanekwould recognize the issues
but perhaps wonder why it took so long for t he design
community at large to take them up.
Our imperilled planet
Twenty-fi ve per cent of the world's popu lation of six billion
people account for eighty per cent of global energy use,
ninety per cent of car use and eighty- five per cent of
chemical use. By 2050 there may be up to twenty billion
people on the planet, ten times more than at the beginning
of the twent ieth century. Scientists estimate that human
act ivities to date have been responsible for increases in
atmos pheric temp erature of between 1.5 and 6 Celsius
degree s (2.9- 10. 8 Fahrenhe it degrees). Global warming
on an unpr ecedented scale has melted ice caps and
permafrost, with consequent rises in sea-level by up to
60 centimet res (zft).
It is not an equable world. Atypical consumer from the
developed ' North' cons umes between ten and twenty times
more resources than a typical consumer from the developing

Introduction
__
' Sout h'. Both types of con sumer can sustain the ir lives but
the quality of those lives is subst antiallydifferent. Almost
one billion people suffer from povert y, hunger or water
shortages. At present rates of product ion and consumpt ion
the eart h can sustai n two billion people at 'Nort he rn'
stan da rds of living. Could it su pport twenty billion people
at 'Southern' standards of living? Or is there an urgent need
to address the way ' Northern' populations consume and
examine the true imp act of each product's life?
The impact ofglobal production and consumption
Between 1950 and 1997 the prod uction of world grain tripled,
world fertilizer use increased nearly te nfold, the annua l
global catc h of fish increased by a factor of five and global
water use nearly tr ipled. Fossil-fuel usage quadrupled and
the world car fleet increased by a factor of ten . During the
same period destruct ion of the envir onment progressed
on a massive scale. There was a reducti on in biodiversi ty.
For exampl e, the world elephant pop ulation decreased
from six million to just 600,000 and tota l tro pical rainforest
cove r decreased by twenty-five per cent. Average globa l
temperat ure rose from 14.86"Cto 15.32"C (58.75-59 .58"F),
largely owing to an increase in ca rbon dioxide emissions
from 1.6 billion tonnes per annum in 1950 to 7 billion tonnes
in 1997. CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) concentrations rose
from zero to three part s per billion, caus ing holes in the
protectiv e ozone layer at the North and South poles.
In the North owne rshi p of such products as refrigerators
and television s has reached almos t all households. More than
two in t hree households own a washing machine and a car .
The North is indeed a mat erial world . It also generates huge
qua ntities of was te. Accordi ng to The Green Consumer Guide,
even back in 1988 an average British per son generat ed two
du stbi ns of waste each week, used two t rees a year in the
form of paper and boa rd and disposed of 90 drink s cans,
70 food cans , 35 petfood cans, 107 bott les and jars and 45kg
(99Ib) of plast ics . By 2000 local authorities in Britain were
recycling on average onl y twenty-five per cent of domestic
waste and suc h valuable resources as glass, metal and
plast ics were shame fully neglected by disposal in land fill
sites or incineration. Furt hermore , landfill sites generate
methane and con t ribute to the accumulation of gree nhouse
gas es and rising glob al temperatures.
The big environment a l iss ues
In 1995 the European Environment Agency defined the key
environmental issues of the day as: climate change, ozone
deplet ion , acidificatio n of soi ls and surfa ce water, air
pollut ion and qua lity, was te man agement, urban issues,
inland wate r resources, coas tal zones and mar ine wate rs,
risk manageme nt (of man made and nat ural dis ast er s) , soil
quality and biodiversity. Recogn ition tha t the planet was
fast reaching a perilous state galvani zed 172 governments
to gather in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 for the United
Nat ions Conference on Environment and Develop ment.
The achievements of the 'Earth Summit' were co nsidera ble.
The Rio Declarat ion on Environment and Develop ment
set forth a series of principles defin ing the rights an d
responsibilities of states, a comprehensi ve blueprint for
global action called Agenda 21 was publi shed, guidelines
for the management of sustainable forests (Forest
Principles) were set and the UN Convention on Biodiversity
and t he UN Framework on Climate Change (UNFCC) were
rat ified. The co nference set the fou ndat ions for esta blishing
t he UN Commi ssion for Sustainable Development
(UNCSD) , which produces annual progress reports,
and adopted the Precautionary Principle, which states
that ' lack of full scientific certa inty shall not be used as a
reason for postponing cost -effective measures to prevent
environmental degradation' .
Europe's cutting-edge en vironmental legislation
In 1972 t he t hen members of t he European Economic
Community (now the European Union), recogni zing that
environmental damage transgresse s nat iona l boundaries,
agreed that a common transnational policy was requ ired in
Europe . Since then t he European output of legislation and
regulatory measures to combat environmental degradation
has been prolific.
Regulations passed by the Europea n Counci l beco me
effective law for all mem ber sta tes immediately, whereas
directives, which are also legally bindin g, do not come into
force in the member states until carried into nat ional law by
individual governme nts . Important legislati ve advances
include the Directive on Conservation of w ild Birds 1979,
the Directive on the Asse ssment of the Effects of Certa in
Public and Private Projects on the Environment 1985, the
Direct ive on the Conservatio n of Natural Habitat s and
Wild Flora and Fauna 1992 and the Directive on Integrated
Pollut ion Preventi on and Control (IPPC) 1996. A range of
ot her direct ives is of great relevance to manufacturers and
de signers , includi ng on vehicles , electr onic equ ipment,
toxic and dangerous was te and packaging and packaging
waste. The effect of the se regul at ions is felt well beyond
Europe , as t ransglobal companies manufacturing car s,
electroni c goods, packaging and chemical products have
to meet these st ringent standards .
Europe' s collaborat ive effort s to int roduce
environm ental legislat ion and regulation provide a model
to oth er regions of the world for int ernat ional coo perat ion,
for example, Nort h America and the 'Tiger' econom ies
of South-east Asia (ASEAN).

Introduction
Industry visions and reality
Although the was tage of res our ces as soc iated wit h t he
planned obso lesce nce in t he US car industry in the 1950S
is no longe r tolerated, t he lifet ime of the average family
vehicle remai ns less t han ten years. Furt hermore, the
global car industry is geared up to keep addi ng to the
existing five hun dred million ca rs worldwide at the sam e
level of prod uction. More fuel-efficient ca rs tha t ca n
be disassemb led at the end of thei r lives have been
produced and some are already on the market, but many
manufacturers will not roll out this tec hnology into new
mod els unt il they have extracted the ret urns on their capital
investment in cu rrent models . Moreover, most are
concerned to maintain their ma rket share by providing
cus to mers wit h choice, often in the form of fuel-inefficient ,
presti ge or luxury cars.
Bot h hardware and softwa re compa nies are obsessed
with dou bling the spee d of person al co mputers every
eight ee n months as chip technology continues it s meteo ric
development. Users are seduced into buying fast er
mach ines eve n though they use onlya s mall fract ion of
the computing power available. Bas ic funct ionality, such
as being able to adjust the height of a mon itor or arran ge
a keyboard to s uit individual need s, remains inadequate.
Yet the computer indu st ry co njures up a vision of a fut ure
in which we ca n programme our house to coo k the dinner
before we arrive back from work, of a wired-up ' informat ion
age' in which everyone has access to t he Inte rnet. The reality
is that ninety-fou r per cent of the world's po pulation does
Novelties and gimmicks
Many of the products available through mail order
catalogues are in fact gimmicks that will do no more
than provide temporary amusement.
Small but dangerous
Many small electronic devices, such as personal
stereos and mobile phones, have a voracious appetite for
batt eries. While more devices are offered these days
with rechargeable batteries, the older models still consign
mi llions of batteries to landfill sites, where cadmi um,
mercu ry and ot her toxic su bstances acc umulate.
In the European Union the disposal of certai n battery
types is illegal but in many pa rts of the world it
cont inues unabated.
Occasional use
The developed world's preoccupat ion with DIY home
imp rovements means that each household owns specialist
tools, such as electric drills and screwdrivers, which are
rarely used.
l _
Freedom and death
The car is the ultimate symbol of personal freedom for the
twentieth century. It confers unending choices for the user
but condemns many to death, directly as accident victims
and indirectly as the recipients of pollutants causing asthma
(from particulate matter), brain damage (from lead) and
cancer (from carcinogens) . It also contributes towards
climate change via emissions of carbon dioxide, marine
pollut ion in the event of oil tanker spillage or accidents,
and noise pollution. Most societies feel tha t the personal
freedom outweighs the collective price but recent ly several
European cities such as Paris and Milan have banned cars
on selected days .
One-way trip
Some products lead short, miserable lives, desti ned for a
one-way t rip between the retai l shelf and burial in a landfill
site. Packaging produc ts are the prime exam ple of one-t rip
product s but there are man y ot hers - kitc hen appliances,
furniture, garde n accessories and all the paraph ern alia of
the modern world.
Everyday products quietly killing
Qu ietly humm ing away in the corner of millions of kitchens
wor ldwide is t he humble refrigerator. It protect s by keeping
food fresh , but it is a killer too. Coola nts us ing CFCs
(chlorofluorocarb ons) or HCFCs (hydroc hlorofluorocarbons)
are t he main cul prits in precipitati ng rapid degradat ion
of the layer of ozone gas, which keeps out harmful radiation
from space. Not only are there substantial seasonal
holes in the ozone layer at the North and South poles
but t he layer has thinned considerably in other parts
of t he world . Thus inhabitants receive higher doses of
radiation with an increased risk of cont racting skin
afflictions and cancer.
The real lives ofproducts
Everyday inefficient products
The efficiency of prod ucts that have become a way of
life needs to be cha llenged cont inually.The European eco-
label for was hing machines lays down threshold values
for energy cons umpt ion of 0.24 kWh per kilogram and
water cons umption of 15 litres per kilogram of cloth es
(1.5ga1sjlb) . Yet on lya few co mp anies applyfor thi s eco-Iabel
and man y European ret ailers se ll machines that do not
meet the sta nda rds, even thou gh they obvio us ly have
the techn ological mea ns to do so. Failure to applythe
best techn ology avai lable means unn ecessary dai ly
con su mption of massive quantities of electric ity
and wate r.

Int roduction
not have access to the Internet. The building of ever bigger
and faster networks and workstations involves considerable
consumption of finite resources and the use of toxic
substances during manufacture and disposal.
The bra nd thing
Companies with internationally recognized bran ds aspire
to increase their market share in individual nations in order
to claim world do minance. Expectation, in the for m of the
brand promise, often de livers a t rans ient moment of
satisfaction for the purchaser. Whatever happened to
products t hat were guarantee d to 'last a lifetime? Where is
the long view in the companies that sell these brands? The
big brands have the potential to reduce the environmental
impact of their activit ies, but not if they pers ist in
encouraging their customers to consume more, not less .
Moving commerce towardsustainability
Evolving environment management systems (EMS)
The flagsh ip international sta ndar d that encourages
organizations to exami ne thei r ove rall environmental
impact arising from production (but not the impact of
the ir products during usage) is 1501 4001 compiled by
the International Standards Organization in Geneva,
Switzerland. Companies that achieve this independently
certified EMS have integrated management systems into
their business to reduce enviro nmental impact s directly
and have agreed to pub lication of an annual environmental
report from an aud ited baseli ne, so reductions in impact
ca n be measured. Ot her indep end ently certified standa rds
exist, suc h as the Eco-Manage me nt and Audit Scheme
(EMAS) for companies in EUmem ber states.
Sus ta inab le production and consumption
In 1995 the World Business Council for Sustainable
Development (WBCSD), a coalition of 120 international
companies committed to the principles of economic
growth and sustainable development, published a report
entitled SustainableProductionand Consumption: A
Business Perspective. It defined sustainable production
and consumption as ' involving business, government,
communities and households co nt ributing to environmenta l
quality through t he efficient production and use of nat ural
reso urces , the minimization of wastes and the opti mizat ion
of products and services'. The United Nat ions Commission
on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) , formed at Rio in
1992, sees the role of bus iness as crucial since it requires the
integrat ion of environmental criteria into purchasing policies
(green procurement) , the des ign of more efficient products
and services , including a longer lifespan for durable goods,
better after-sales service, increased reuse and recycling
and the promotion of more sustainable consumption by,
improved product informat ion and by the positive use of
advertising and marketing. This represents an important
change in the way businesses operate.
Model solutions
WBCSD members are encouraged to ado pt measur es
to improve t heir eco-efficiency, that is, greater reso urce
produ ct ivity, by maximizing the (financia l) value added
per unit of resource input. This means providing more
consumer performance and value from fewer resources
and producing less waste. Amory Lovins et al of the Rocky
Mountain Institute in the USAproposed the concept of
' Factor 4' - a doubling of production using half the existing
resources, with a consequent doubling of the quality of life.
Researchers at the Wupperta l lnstit ute in Ger many find
Factor 4 inadequ ate to deal with t he expected do ubling
or tr ebling of world pop ulat ion by 2050 and so propose
' Factor 10' as a more appropriat e model for the developed
Nort h to achieve equab le use of reso urces for popul ati ons
in the North and developing South.
Another model tha t is finding favou r with busi ness is
ca lled 'The Natural Ste p' (TNS). It sets out four basic
'system conditions' for businesses to adopt. First, su bstances
from the earth's crust, the lithosphere, must not be extracted
at a greater rate than they can reacc umulate - thus there
must be less reliance on 'virgin' raw materials. Secon d,
manmade su bsta nce s must not systematically increase but
should be biodegrada ble and recyclable. Third, the physical
basis for the produ ctivity and diversity of nature mu st not
be syste mat icallydimini shed - ren ewab le resour ces must
be maintained and ecosyst ems kept healthy. Fourth, we
must be fair an d efficient in mee ti ng basic human needs -
resou rces shoul d be shared in a more eq uable mann er.
Companies as diverse as car pet manufacturers, wate r
suppliers and house builde rs have taken up TNS.
Early adopters and new business models
International companies from Europe, the USAand Japan
are exploring new business models that take a long view
enmeshed with t he concept of sustainable develop ment.
For example, Mitsubishi cons ide red the eco logy of the
tro pical rainforest system, which is highly produ ctive in
terms of biomass on a fixed amount of nut ritio nal reso urces .
Waste becomes other organisms' food in t he rainforest.
Mitsubishi mimic this ecology by ensuring t heir industrial
system meets eco-efficient parameters. Where possible
waste should be consumed within the company. This model
could be extended to ensure that materials are returned to
Introduction
_
the manufacturer at the end of their lives, keeping the
materials in a closed loop and ensuring that the
manufacturer retains control of these resources. At the
same time, consumers should be discouraged from buying
products and instead encouraged to lease product services.
Philips Electronics in the Netherlands produced
two publications, Visionof the Future (1 996) and LaCasa
Prossima Futuro - The Home of the Near Future (1 999),
the latter being also the title of an exhibition at the Milan
International Furniture Fair in April 1999. Among factors
considered were the role of electronic equipment , the
introduction of networks and wireless equipment in the
home, changing social needs and interactive products .
Ecodesign is integrated into existing design, production
and development and innovation processes .
Similarly, the UK-based international oil company,
British Petroleum pic, once a companywhose revenue
derived solelyfrom fossil-fuel products, has now
repositioned itself as one of the world's leading energy
compa nies and is a keymanufacturer of solar panels
and solar-powered systems .
Designers save the earth
Designers actuallyhave more potent ial to slow
environmental degradation than economists, politicians,
businesses and even environmenta lists. The power of
designers is catalytic. Once a new, more environmentally
benign design penetrates markets its beneficial effects
multiply. Businesses spend less on rawmaterials and
production and so realize better profits, users enjoy more
efficient, better-value products, governments reduce
spending on regulatory enforcement and the net gain is
an improved environment and qualityof life. The vivid
examples in this book demonstrate the capabilityof design,
and hence des igners, to shape the future and save the earth.
Arobust tool kit
Today' s designer has a powerful array of tools to assist
him/her to meet the challenge of reducing environmental
impacts at the design stage, such as simple checklists,
impact matrices, lifecycle matrices, eco-wheels, Ufecycle
Inventory (LCI) and Ufecycle Analysis (LCA) software.
Checklists can be found in the publications included in
Further Reading (p. 346) and a full list of organizations
and agencies offering information and software to
assist designers is given in the Green Organizations
section (p. 332).
A manifestof oreco-pluralistic design ...
designs that treadlightly on the planet
The thoughtful designer of the twenty-first century will
design with integrity, sens itivity and compassion. He/she
willdesign products/materials/s ervice products that are
sustainable, i.e. theyserve human needs without depleting
natural and manmade resources, without damage to the
carrying capacity of ecosystems and without restricting the
options availablefor present and future generat ions. Aneco-
pluralistic designer will:
1. Design to satisfY real needs rather than trans ient,
fashionable or market-driven needs.
2 . Design to minimize the ecologicalfootprintof the
product/material/service product, i.e., reduce resource
consumption , including energy and water.
3. Design to harnesssolarincome (sun, wind, water or sea
power) rather than use non-renewable natural capital
such as fossil fuels.
4. Design to enable separation of components of the
product/ material/service product at the end of life in
order to encourage recycling or reuse of materials
and/or components.
5. Design to exclude the use of substancestoxicorhazardous
to human and other forms of life at all stages of the
product/material/service product's lifecycle.
6. Design to engender maximum benefitsto the intended
audience and to educate the client and the user and
thereby create a more equable future.
7. Design to uselocally available materials and resources
wherever possible (thinkinggloballybut acting locally) .
8. Design to exclude innovation lethargy by re-examining
original assumptions behind existingconcepts and
products/ materials/ service products.
9. Design to dematerialize products intoservices wherever
feasible.
10. Design to maximizea product/material/service product's
benefits to communities.
11. Design to encourage modularity in designto permit
sequent ial purchases, as needs require and funds
permit, to facilitate repair/reuse and to improve
functionality. -
12. Design tofoster debateand challenge the status quo
surrounding existing products/ materials/service
products.
13. Publish eco-pluralistic designs in the publicdomain for
everyone's benefit, especially those designs that
commerce will not manufacture.
14. '. Design to create more sustainableproducts/materials/
service products for a more sustainable future.
. '.

..
. )

1.6 Leisure and Recreation

: : = ~ ~ ~ ~ : : ~
1.7 Other Domestic Products
154
16
9
Introduction )
( Livingor Lifestyles )
In a media-driven world,
where brands promise a
lifestyle guaranteed to
satisfyyour desires , it is
difficultto step back and
honestly appraise your real
needs for living. The word
'lifestyle' implies not just a
wayof lifebut also choice.
For many people around
the globe lifestyle choices
are simplynot available,
as the basic needs of life -
clean water, clean air,
sufficient food, shelter and
medical care - are absent.
In today's global economy
international brands, such
as Coca-Cola soft drinks
and Nike trainers, rub
cheek byjowl with locallyor
nationallymade products.
Designers need to
reappraise their role in the
production of fashionable
lifestyle products or at least
strive to minimize the
impact of these ephemera l
goods, byconcentrating on
durable, multi-user, multi-
purpose designs .
Esse ntial products
The car has become the
ultimate symbol of our
freedom to move around,
yet this 'impact -use'
product , which onlytwenty
per cent of the world's
population own, impinges
on the collectivefreedom
of all people to enjoy clean
air and unpolluted water.
Over the last twenty-five
years the fuel efficiency
of the average car has
improved onlyeighteen
per cent. The car is a
classic example of design
innovation lethargy. Only
a paradigm shift in the
des ign of cars will remove
@
the environmental burden
of this product. But this
must also be accompanied
bymore innovation in
alternative modes of
mobility. Improvements
in personal modes of
transport - the push
scooter, bicycleand
motorbike or scooter-
must be accompanied
by radical improvements
in systems of public
transport, such as the
provision of flexible
mobility paths for
individual and group
users.
With increasing reliance
on electronic equipment
and networks to deliver
information, to control
t hird-partyequipment
remotelyand to entertain,
it is possible to reduce
mobility needs. Yet again
a small proportion onlyof
the world's population is
wired in to the information
networks such as the
Internet or cable TV.
Furthermore, building
and maintaining the
infrastructure of the
information superhighway
requires vast physical
resources, including
metals, chemicals and
electricity. Virtual moments
may provide some of
the needs for some of
the world's populat ion
for some of the time
but the real cost to the
environment and societies
st ill needs computing.
Eachindividual requires
different products to
sustain life. Aside from
the essential physical
resources, humans
need 'comfort' products
to achieve a levelof
emotional, spiritual and
social well-being. These
products may permit or
provide improved mobility,
specialist recreational
activities, communal
meeting-places or spiritual
contemplation. Since
comfort products tend be
used over a longish time,
rather than being
ephemeral, the design
parameters can embrace
durabili ty and therefore
judicious use of resources.
Living lightly-
a sustainable day
As the products in this
sect ion illustrate, it is
possible to tread more
lightly on the planet, to
consume and waste less,
yet to maintain or even
improve the quality of life.
Adouble responsibi lityfalls
on the developed countries
of the North. The North
must rapidlyevolve more
sustainab le patterns of
consumption and
production. Further, the
North must offer the South
the assistance and the
means to avoid bad
practice and reap the
benefits of a more
sustainable wayof life,
sooner rather than later.
Asustainable day in 2025
might involve the following
products...
Spin and Oasis chairs
Designing a chair remains
the quinte ssent ial test of
any furn iture de signer. The
imaginative form of t he
Spin/O asi s chai r ca refully
models it self like a
prosthes is, suppo rting and
cares sing the seated body.
Rigid seat and arm s are
made from one type of
polypropylene to which is
clipped a mo re flexible
polypropylene formin g the
comfortable backrest.
Easily disassembled into
comp onent part s, the PP
and metal frames ca n be
recycled.
/
RossLovegrove, UK
3
08
4)
Dtiade, Italy
3
'
5

Polypropylene, metal 295,

34
1

imp roved ergonomics
3
28
Disassemblyand
reeyclability
Seating
Agat ha Dreams
Pillet ' s elegant chaise
longue combines the
eclect icism of craft with
the technical skills of the
workers at Cecotti' s
factory, a labour force with
a long history of ' craft
techno logy'. Renewab le
materials are bought to a
sta te of refinement that
will encourage the
owner(s) t o cherish t his
de sign and confer a de gree
of longevity. High-quality
manufacturing using
nature' s materials will
always be a s ustainabl e
bus iness model, as long as
raw mater ials are procu red
from man aged forests.
/
ChristopherPillet,
39
France
4)
Ceccotti Collezioni, Italy
3
14

Layeredtimber, solid
339
cherrywood

Renewable materials
32]
."
C
...,
:s
;:1:
C
iil
Seating
Chair
Foam rubber has long
provided padding for
furniture, but Alfons Broess
has explored newfillings
made from waste wood
chips, which cushion and
adapt to individual body
shapes . The soft fill is
enclosed in the rigid
synthetic shell.
/
AlfonsBroess, graduate, 3
05
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Wastewood, synthetic 293'5

sheff, metal
339
(}
Reductionof waste 327
production
Renewable material
Slick Slick
Stackable, injection.
moulded, polypropylene
chairs are produced by
numerous manufacturers
for the contract furniture
market. Unfortunately
ugliness is often the
common des ign
denominator of this genre.
Starck rescues the concept
with this elegant design
requiring a minimum
of materials, creating
a chair suitable for
conference/officeseat ing
and domest ic use.
/
Philippe Starck, France
3
10
.,
XO, France
3
26

Polypropylene
34'
(}
Singlerecyclable
327,
material
3
29
Multifunctional
indoor/outdoor
furniture
Sprocket
Two types of shell are
available for th is
lightweight , ste el-framed
lounge chair: Gridcore ,
which is a reinforced
sheetin g made from
recycled paper, or used
plastic sheet ing.
/
Colin Reedyand Renaldi
3
09
Hutasoit, USA
e
MetaMarf, lnc., USA
3
20
.-
Gridcore orpost- 295,

consumerplastics. steel
34
1

Recycledmaterials
3
2]
Minimal materials
usage
4
IDRA award, 1996
33
2
Seating
Seating
Airbag
Since the 1960s inflatable
chairs have come and gone
but Suppanen and
Kolhonen have added an
extra comfort dimension
by placing balls of EPS
inside the nylon outer
cover, at the same time as
allowi ng the chair to be
deflated when not in use.
Nylon is tough and resists
puncturing better than
other polymers.
Basti an
Big Legs
Interlocking cutouts of 100
per cent-recycled HDPE
plastic panels create
sculpture and visual
excitement in this three-
legged chair. Newplastic
recyclates offer different
propert ies from the
plywood that would have
been the usual choice of
material for this design.
Thus the potent ial
outcomes are different too.

Henner Kuckuck, USA
3
08
.,
One.off

HOPErecyclate
34
'
,}
Recycled materials
3
2
7
Q.
lORAaward, '995
33
2

IIkka Suppanenand Pas;
3
10
Kolhonen,Finland
.,
Snow, Finland
3
2
4

Expandedpolystyrene,
34
'
nylon

Lowweight of
3
28
materials
Reduced energyused
during transport
Brownwrapping paper and
softwood, both inexpensive
renewable materials sourced
locally, are hand-crafted into
a lightweight chair with
matching footstool. Clean
lines reinforce the
simplicity of the
construction technique and
materials, borrowing from
t he long tradition of Far
Eastern wood and paper
manufacturing, but in
harmonywith a Western
design ethos.
@

RobertAWettstein,
3
10
Switzerland
.,
One-off/ smallbotch
3
10
production, RobertA
Wettstein

Paper,wood 288-9
339

Renewable, low-
34
0
embodiedenergy,
materialsand
construction
Bl otter
'Keepi ng it si mple' is the
message de livered by t his
bent-steel cha ise longue
wit h its soft, cus hioning
skin of rubb er to keep out
the cold.
Body Raft
Local wych elm is bent wit h
stea m to create a curved
frame to which further
curved lathes are attached .
This organic shape is
visually appealing. Hand-
crafted furniture of t his
kind ca n contribute to
sustain ing local
economies.
/
MarreMoerel
3' 2
(Netherlands), USA
.,
One-aff

Stainlessandmildsteel, 295,
rubber 28
3

Recyclable materials 327
Economyof materials
usage
/
DavidTrubridge, New
3
11
Zealand
.,
Prototype

Wychelm wood
339

Renewable materials
3
2
7
Seating
The Bottle-TopStool
This fiat-pack stool is
de signed for dis assembly
and is 10 0 per cent
recyclable. Legs and seat
are ma de from R-MOW
recycled plast ic sheet and
the bott om rails from
aluminium t ube and die-
cast fixings. Plastic
recyclate rep laces the
t raditional wood and can
hel p increase the amount
of the plastic reta ined in
the recycling loop.
:...
"T1
C
3
;:;.
c
m
-
/
DamianWilliamson,
3
11
UK
.,
One.off

R-MOWrecycledplastic 292,
sheet, aluminium
339

Recycledandrecyclable
3
28
materials
Designfordisassembly
Q.
lORAAward, 1997
33
2
Seating
Miss Ramirez
Granular waste from the
cork manufactu ring
industry in the Iberian
peninsula is mixed with
synthetic rubber to create a
durable material suitable
for cold moulding. This
material can be formed
into well-defined shapes
but retains some elasticity.
Roberto Feo creates an
appealing and comforta ble-
looking lounge chair. The
mate rials lookfamiliar yet
strange, creating a heavy
chair that is actua lly easily
moved around using the
front wheels. This is an
economical, functional,
ecological and mode rn
des ign.
/
RobertoFeo, 1 Ultimo
3
06
Grito, Spain
.,
One.offorsmaf/ batch
3
06
production, 1 Ultimo
Grito, UK

Corkwaste, synthetic 283,

rubber,metal, plastic
295
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
28
materials
Cold, lowenergy
manuf acturing
-
Garden bench
Bey brings nature indoors
bytaking plant waste from
the garden and using high-
pressure extrusion
containers to generate
benches of dried grass,
leaves and woody
prunings. Durability and
longevity of the seating
depend on the extent of
use and the inherent
strength of the compressed
rawmaterials. At the end of
its natural lifespan the
furniture can be broken up
and left to rot on the
Seating
'T1
C
:;
;:;:
C
ro
garden compost heap.
Perhaps Bey's designs
represent the current best
practice in biodegradable
furniture?
;#
Jurgen Bey, Droog
3
04
Design, Netherlands
.,
One-offs, Droog Design/
3
04
OM0, Netherlands
a.-
Plantwaste, resin
339

Wastematerialsfrom
3
27
renewable sources
Compostable
Bucket Seat
Adding a ready-made steel
and wood bucket handle to
this traditional seat ing
design makes the stool
eas ily portable, which in
turn is a feature the user
can enjoy. Adash of wit
revitalizes craft traditions
and helps bring this type of
furniture back into living
and work spaces.
;#
Carl Clerkin, UK
3
05
.,
Smallbatchproduction
,.. Ready-made steel, wood 295,

3
28

Renewable and
3
27
recyclable materials
Useof ready-modes
Seating
/
ProfWulfSchneider 3
10
and Partners, Germany
.,
GebruderThonet 3
17
GmbH, Germany

Beechwood, aluminium 295,

339
,}
Renewablematerials 327,
Low-energytransport
3
29
andassembly
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, Germany, ' 999
such as steamed and bent
so lid beechwood. Mode l
29oF epitomizes the Thonet
philosophy: the designers,
wulfSchneider and
Partners, use th ree pieces to
create a robust , durab le and
repa irable chai r. A single
piece of so lid bent beech
forms the front legs and
back stay, a cut-and-drilled,
mo ulded, lami nated beech
forms the back legs and
back rest , both pieces being
fixed to t he laminated seat
with cas t-al um inium angled
brackets and screws.
Ninetee nth-cent ury
examples of Thonet cha irs
turn up in the prestigious
sale rooms of Sotheby's,
Christies and Bonh am,
attest ing to their durabi lity.
It is quit e likely t hat Model
29o F will in ti me become a
so ught-after antique,
validat ing it as a good and
green design .
late nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries and
created th e definitive
archetype for the cafe chair.
' Chai r No. 14', later known
as t he 'Vienna coffee-house
cha ir' , was one of th e mo st
successfu l prod ucts of t he
nineteenth century and
probably remains th e
world' s best-sell ing cha ir,
with over fifty mi llion so ld in
' 930 alone. The roll-call of
iconic des igne rs, such as
Mies van de r Rohe, Mart
Stam , Marcel Breuer and
Verner Panton, ensured that
Thonet always explored
des igns dr iven by new
movements and schools of
tho ught. Yet Thon et rem ain
aware of th ei r t radit ions and
current ly produce modern
varia nts using well-teste d
principles and materials
Model 290 F
For over 150 year s the
manufacturer Gebruder
Thonet has mass-produ ced
elegant bentwood chairs
espousing good de sign wit h
eco nom ical use of local
(Europea n) ma ter ials,
modular 'flat -pack' de signs
facilitating distr ibution and
basic, yet customizable
options. In 1849 at
Michael Thonet' s factory in
Vienna 'Chair NO. 1', the
Schwarzenberg cha ir, made
of four prefabricated
components that cou ld be
reassembl ed in differe nt
configurat ions , was th e
precu rsor of a design idea lly
suited to indust rial
prod uction. Thonet cha irs
grace d many a cafe and
restaura nt from Paris to
Berlin and London in the
., ., ., '\ 'I ., ., ., ., 'I 'l'l
., ., 'l ., 1 ., ., .. ., , ., .,
., l ., ., ., .. 11 'l 'l "
L
Transit Cha ir
The famil iar graphical
language of road signage
adds significant character
to this cha ir fabricated
from redundant
alum inium signs from the
Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation. Available
as a flat-pack, self-assembly
kit. the cha irs are a good
example of reuse and and
potential further recycling
at the end of their lives.
/
Bori s Bally, AtelierBoris
3
0
4
Bally, USA
.,
One-off,limitedbatch
production

Recycled roadtraffic
34
'
signs

Reuseof materials
3
2
7
ct-
IDRAaward,1997
33
2
Seating
"T\
C
3
;:;:
c
n;
Seating syst em
It is clear to anyone who
works in a mode rn office
t hat t he paperless office is
st ill a figment of t he
futu rologist s' imaginat ion.
Paper consumption is
increasing worldwide , so
op port unities to
reman ufacture paper into
new mat erials deserve
explorat ion. Martijn van
Maanen believes locally
gen erated was te pap er can
be converted into new
sea ting and suggests that
gove rnme nt tax offices
might be a good place to
start such a scheme!
/
Martiijn vanMaanen,
3
11
graduate, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Paper 288

Materials recycledat
3
2
7
source
@
Seating
Gallery
This moul ded plywood
stool is a mo du le that
funct ions in its own right or
can be joi ned to others to
for m a co nti nuous bench
or rows of sea ts . Efficient
use of materials is achieved
th rough sim plicity and
st rength of form.
/
HansSandgren
3
07
Jakobsen, Denmark
.,
FredericiaFurniture
3
16
AjS, Denmark
,. Plywood
339

Economy ofmaterials 327,
usage
3
29
Renewable materials
Dualfunctionseating
Q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
@
-
HowSl owt heWi nd
Simplicity of const ructio n
ca n sti mulate eco nomy of
mat erials use, permit easy
ass embl y and disassembly
and con t ribute to a
redu ct ion in t he ene rgy
needed for fab ricat ion.
Yamanaka uses one sheet
of recyclable polypropylene,
cut and bent to slide over a
swivelling base made of
MDFand covered wit h
leather. The result is a
dynamic yet pleasing line
Seating
Impression
r--

:...
The sculpt ural
"T1
c
pos sibilities ofHDPE :;
recyclate are explored by
2".
cutt ing and shaping m
sheet s. This demonstrates
how new material s
st imulate innovat ion s in
the des ign proces s.
/
Philip Loakerand Plastics
3
08
f th IndustryLtd, UK
e
Plasticsf th IndustryLtd,
3
22
UK

Recycled HOPE
34'

Recycledmaterial
3
27
and a comfortable easy
chair equallyadapt able to
living or working spaces.
/
Kazuhiro Yamanaka,
3
11
Japan
.,
Prototype

Polypropylene, leather, 28
5.
MOF
34
1

Renewableand
327,
recyclablematerials
34
0
Low-energy
manufacturing
Seating
Maggi
Hinting at an imminent
(environmental) meltdown,
Bar and Knell'schair is
formed of plastic packaging
waste, dyed black then
surface finished with Maggi
plastic carrier bags. The
branding lives on but
not as the marketeers
intended. This chair
was made in 1995 but
the design partnersh ip
experimented with many
variants from 1993to
1997, including sofas and
furniture for children.
Their playful yet deliberate
exposure of the raw-waste
medium contrasts with the
highlycontrolled, stylized
injection- or blow-moulded
designs of the 1960s and
1970S. This reincarnation
poses the quest ion, ' How
can we throwaway such a
useful resource?'
/
BeataandGerhard Bar
3
04
andHartmut Knell,
Germany
.,
One-off, limitedbatch
production

Packaging waste
32]
(}
Recycledmateriols
32]
o
Mari lyn, I Can SeeYour
Knickers
Asingle sheet of
polypropylene is pre-formed,
then fixed to a simple
square-section steel frame.
Components are easily
assembl ed with low-energy
production techniques ,
materials usage is kept to a
minimum and easy
disassembl y permits
recycli ng.
/
EIUltimoGrito, Spoin
3
06
.,
EIUltimoGrito, UK
3
06

Polypropylene, steel ~ 5
34
1
(}
Economyof moterio/s
32]
usageandproduction
-
Origami Zaisu
Asingle sheet of plywood is
bent and cut to form a simple
floor seat. In Japanese culture
sitting on the floor is the
norm but perhaps the
practice should be adopted
more widely, since the
omission of legs that form a
conventional chair saves
materials and ene rgy.

MitsumasaSugasawa, 310
Japan
.,
TendoCo. Ltd,Japan
3
25
11
Plywood
339
(}
Economy of materials
327
usage
Renewablematerials
Seating
Mirandolina
Reviving a technique first
used by t he designer Hans
Coray, with his pressed-
aluminium ' Landi' chair
designed in 1938, Pietro
Arosio has produ ced an
economical yet elegant
stacking chair from a
single sheet of aluminium.
Cut and pressed into its
final form, the Mirandolina
shouts efficiency. The use
of one mat erial,
alumi nium, facilit at es
recycling of the waste
offcuts and ens ures it is
easy to recycle or repair.

Pietro Arosio, Italy
3
04
.,
ZanottaSpA, Italy
3
26
11
Aluminium
295
(}
Recyclable single 327,
material
3
28
Efficient materials
usageandrecycling
duringmanufacturing

Seating
Box
Originally designed in 1975,
the Box cha ir has now been
reissued with an injection-
moulded polyprop ylene
back as well as seat.
Tubular metal legs and
back frame are easil y
assembled and
disassembled, facilitating
repair, refurbishment and
recycling of any of the
components. The flat pack
and low weight reduce
distr ibution costs and total
transport emissions,
reflecti ng Mari's de sign
philosophy of
' reduct ionism'.
/
Enzo Mari, Italy
3
08
0
Driade SpA, Italy
3
15

Metal, palypropylene 295,

34
1

Designf ardisassembly
32
8
Economyaf materials
usage

( 1 Recliner
and Footstool
Utilizing st ea m-be nt
English ash wood allows
eco nomical use of
mat erials without
sacrificing strength and
ensures a low-embod ied
energy of manufacturing.
The cha ir frame is
adjustable to th ree
positions and is cus hioned
wit h padde d linen. An
alternat ive version, using
rattan, is available. Trannon
merge th e t raditions and
durab ility of bent ash with a
fres h aesthetic and a green
pol icy for the procurement
of raw materials.
/
DavidCalwellandRoy
3 5
Tam,UK
0
TrannonFurniture Ltd,
3
2
5
UK

Solidashwood,linenor 29 0 . 1,
rattan
339

Renewablematerials
327,
withstewardship
3
28
sourcing
Low-energy
constructiontechniques
Cardboard Chair
Lettingthe materials
deliver the (environmental)
message is a theme
common to furniture
designers around the world
using recycled or recyclable
materials. So Jane Atfield
(UK) speaks with plastic,
Frank Gehry (USA) with
cardboard and Lievore
(Spain) with maderon. The
Campana brothers
combine a robust , solid,
iron-rod frame with a
laminated cardboard seat
and backto create a dining
chair that demonst rates
how unpretentious
materials can encourage a
healthy hybrid of
modernism and craft.
/
FernandaandHurnberta
3
0
5
Campana, Brazil
.,
Limitedbatch
production

Iron, cardboard 288-9,

295
(}
Renewable, recyclable
3
2
7
materials
ConversationChair
Locally crafted wooden
furniture is a good
model for sustainable
manufacturing and Guy
Martin' s individually made
chairs, seating, tables and
bookshelves maintain that
tradition. Using a classic
' nail and stick' technique,
more often found in the
Appalachian mounta ins in
the United States than in
south-west England, the
frames are formed from
green ash wood obtained
from locally managed
woodlands. The willow
withies are grown in
commercial fields near by
in the Somerset levels and
waste wood or shavings are
used to generate heat and
electricityto power the
workshop. When craft skills
are merged with
contemporarydesigns the
Seating
:....
results can be refreshingly
surprising compared with
mass-produced furniture.
Martin represents the
young designers who
could become the 'green'
manufacturers of the new
millennium, echoing the
practices of Europe' s
largest steamed- beech
furniture manufacturers,
GebrOder Thonet of
Vienna, in the 1840S.
/
GuyMartin, UK 308
e
One-offandsmallbatch
production

Ashwood, willow
339
(}
Renewableand 327,
compostablematerials
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing
Locallysourced
materials

Seating
The Porcelain Stool
Hella Jongerius hijacks
materials associated with a
trad itional process or
product and reappl ies them
to a tot ally different funct ion.
Such flexible thinking is
essential for the future.
Porcelain , long noted for its
fragility and de licate
qualities, is moulded into a
robust , organic-sha ped
stool.
/
HellaJongerius,
307
Netherlands
0
CoppelliniSpA, Italy
3
14

Porcelain
295

Economyofmaterials
327,
usage
34
0
Material with low
embodiedenergy
OTO
Cut and bent from a single
shee t of laminated beech ,
Karpf' s grace ful chair avoids
t he need for any ot her
components, keeping t he
production process efficient
and reducing waste.
/
PeterKarpf. Sweden
3
08
0
Inredningsf orm/lform,
3
18
Sweden

Laminatedbeechwood
339

Single, renewable 327,

material
32
8
Lowenergy
manufacturing
-
Seating
:...
" c
...
::>
;:;:
C
ii1
Avoi ding excessive usage
or wastage of materials
should be a guiding
principle of any design
in the twenty-firstcentury.
The Ply Chair is the
latest answer to the
' Superleggera',
demonstrating restraint,
grace, economy, st rength
and character.
PlyChair
/
JasperMorrison, UK
3
09
0
VitroAG, Germany
3
26

Aeronautical-quality
339
plywood

Economyof materials
3
2]
usage
seat ing that maywell revive
the fortunes of bamboo as
a material for the new
millennium, casting off the
unwanted associations
between bamboo furniture
and colonial verandas ,
conservatories and
swimming pools. Bamboo
is here again. It is modern,
renewable, recyclable and
toxin-freeand is a ferocious
producer of biomass in the
right climate.
/
JaneAtfield, UK
3
04
0
Prototype, Float Up
3
16
VP,UK

Bamboo, plywood, steel 295.

339

Renewable materials
32]
Plyboo
In late nineteenth-century
Londonthere were over
thirty manufacturers
making furniture from
imported bamboo.
Following a theme of her
earlier designs using
recycled plastics, Atfield
lets the materials of Plyboo
givecharacter to the object,
contrast ing the random
natural characteristics of
the bamboo with the
processed, standardized,
manufactured look of the
birch plywood. Steel rods
are used to reinforce the
bamboo at critical points.
The result is durable

Seating
DeckChair
The structural properties of
recycled plastic sheet have
been thoroughly exploited
in this combined chair and
ottoman, which can also be
used as a deck chair. This
material is highly malleable
when heated, enabling
complex bending to
produce results similar to
pre-compressed wood.
"
Colin Reedy, USA
3
09
4)
MetaMorf, lnc., USA
3
20

Recycledplastic, steel 283,

295
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
q.
lORAaward, 1996
33
2
Daybed
This company has been
manufacturing furniture,
using special techniques
for weavingtwisted paper,
since the beginning ofthe
twentieth century. This
daybed combines a
contemporary sha pe with a
traditional material by
making the most of the
manufacturer's extensive
experience with this
medium.
"
NigelCoates, UK
3
0
5
4)
Limitedbatch
3
19
productionbyLloyd
Loam afSpalding, UK

Twistedpaperandsteel 288,
wire
295
(}
Renewableand
3
27
recyclablematerials
-
Seating
Diva (n) Paradox
Rushes harvested from
freshwater reed-beds are
inserted and set into a
simple frame containing
polyurethane foam.
Organic materials of
natural and synthetic origin
are juxtaposed in a visually
arresting form. Both
materials are quite durable
and when no longer
serviceable could be
incinerated or shredded for
reuse as fill material.
/
PilBredahl and Lise/otte
3
0
4
Riset', Denmark
0
One-off

Rushes, polyurethane 2]6

34'

Encouraginguseof 32]
historicrenewable
material
:...
EarthChair"
This simple sphere of
stitched denim is
despatched from the
manufacturer empty and
filled bythe buyerwith
once-used plastic shopping
bags or similar pliable
plastic fill. The designer-
makers claim that it
requires gkg (zolb) of such
fill. Perhaps the item would
be 'greener' if, instead of
plastic bags, the filling were
made of renewable or
compostable materials.
/
Earth Chair, USA
3' 5
0
EarthChair, USA
3'5

Denim 2g0

Low-energyfabrication
32
8
includesself-assembly

Seating
for the woode n part s,
while the leath er originates
from a tannerythat uses
vegetable-base d produ cts.
Easy assembly and
disassembly facilitate
repair and exten d the
life of the product s.
/
Galleri StolenAB, 31]
Sweden
e
Galleri StolenAB,
3
1
]
Sweden

timber, wool, leather, 2]6,

naturaljinishes 32]
~
Clean production
3
2
]
Modulardesign
facilitating repair, reuse
andlonl(evity
4
DesignSense awards,
33
2
Shortlist, ' 999
Spring
Modul ar compone nts can
be use d t o assemble a
range of furniture from
chairs to chaises longues,
fash ioned from wood,
wool and leather. Natural
compounds such as water-
based paints and oils and
waxes provide protection
o
o
*\ ~
!4
III
Q'
r
s:
:::3
(JQ
Pouffe
Moore explores the
sculptural possibilities
of recyclates, in this case
HDPEsheet, treating
them as new materials
ripe for experimentation.
The result is an eye-
catching take on an old
theme and an economy
of materials use.
roo-piece-kit armchair
Durable, richlypatterned ,
native British yewwood
offcuts and salvaged
pieces have been reworked
into a series of interlocking
blocks, which, once
assembled, form an
armchair with cons iderable
presence. Dolphin Wilding
breathes new life into
waste that would have
been burnt or despatched
to landfill.
/
IsabellMoore, UK
39
.,
One-off

HOPErecvciate, maple
339,
plywood
34
1

Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
Q.
fORA award.1996
33
2
Seating
/
Julienne Dolphin-
3
06
Wilding. UK
.,
One-off/ smallbatch
production

Yewwood
339

Recycledand
3
2
7
renewable material
Durability
o
o
CT
(;;'
!=l.
III
Q'
r:
S:
::l
OQ
Seating
Eco
These stackable chairs are
cut from a single piece of
veneer-faced ply and follow
in the Scandinavian
tradition of working with
bent ply, as were the designs
of Gerald Summers for the
firm of Makers of Simple
Furniture based in London
in the late ' 930s. Simplicity,
economy and functionality
meet in this award-winning
design,
/
PeterKarpf, Sweden
3
08
0
Inreningsforrn/iforrn,
3
18
Sweden

Plywood
339

Renewable material s
327,
Economyofmaterials
3
28
usageandlow-energy
production
Q.
Winnerofthe iFEcology
33
2
DesignAward, 2000
..
Eraser Chair
The innards of mo st chairs
are hidden from view but
culpepper has chosen to
celebrate the inner secrets
of the Eras er Chair, which
raise s the value of recycled
materials by bringing them
to the attention of th e
viewer. Laid bare is the
struct ural fabr ic of thi s
design, which co ns ists of
95 per cent-recycled woo d
felt att ached to a rigid
frame .
/
Michael Culpepper, USA
3
05
.,
One-off

Recycledwoodfelt
339
0
Recycledandrecyclable 32]
materials
4
IDRAaward, ' 995
332
Eric
Cardboa rd is combined
wit h lami nated and painted
plywood to produce
an armc hair requiring
low-en ergy input to
manufactur e. Wetts te in
emp hasizes the corruga ted
cons t ruct ion of the
cardboa rd and joins a
distin guish ed list of
designers such as Gehry
and th e Campana brothers,
who also ma ke th e most
of th e st rengt h of thi s
lamin at ed material.
/
Robert AWettstein,
3
11
Switzerland
.,
One-off/smallbatch
production

Cardboard, plywood
339
0
Renewable materials
3
2
]
Seating
:...
"Tl
C
;
;:;:
C
;;;

Seating
q-bac
Astr iking and comfortable
easy chair has been created
using ready-made
components, such as
aluminium ladder sections
and rubber, wit h minor
mod ifications . Exist ing
manufacturing plant and
capacity are ut ilized more
efficientl y to intro duce new
product s. At the end of ,
their lifespan , the
components can be easil y
disassembled for recycling
or reuse .
/
GabrieleAckon,David
3
1
5
Zyne Productions, UK
.,
DavidZyne Productions,
3'5
UK

Aluminiumreadv- 283,
mades, rubber
3
2
7

Useof readv-made
3
2
7
components

Ragchair
Waste rags and pieces of
cloth are bou nd over a
wooden frame using steel
bands, mimicking the
process of binding bales of
recycled textiles, to create a
comfortable yet unique
easy or lounge cha ir. Remy
has observed the texti le
industry recycling its
product s and neat ly
translated the idea into
eclectic furnitu re that
boldly states its origins .
/
Tejo Remy,Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
3
09
.,
DMD, Netherlands
3
15

Textiles, steel 290-',

295

Recycled materials 327,
Low-energy
3
28
manufacturing
--
Seating
:...
Schair
Following his
experimentation in the
1980s wit h one-offs using
salvaged mat erials, Tom
Dixon de signed th is
elegant cant ilever chair . A
stee l frame is wra ppe d with
woven rush es, creat ing a
sculptural form . At t he end
of the chair 's life mat erials
are easily sepa rate d for
recycling (st eel) or
compostin g (rushes) .
/
Tom Dixon, UK
3
06
0
Cappeflini SpA, Italy
3
14

Steel, rushes 276,

295
(}
Economyof materials
3
2
7
usage
Renewableand
recyclablematerials
RCP2
In 1992 Atfield crea ted t he
RCP2 chai r with a s imple
but robu st co nst ruct ion
tec hnique using a radical
mat eri al challengi ng the
eco logical awa reness of
designers and th e publi c
alike. New techn iques
for recycling HDPE was te
creat ed a new shee t-
like materi al whose
cons tit uents readily
divulged thei r origins . The
rawness of th e ea rlywork
of desi gners such as
Atfield and Bar and Knell
cont ras ts wit h t he more
so phist icated use of
recycled sheet HDPE
in Bopp-Leucht en 's lamps
in the late ' 990s.
Furt her innovat ion in
ma nufact uring us ing
recycled plasti cs can be
expected over the next
decade as att empts are
mad e to close t he plastic
recycling loo p.
/
JaneAlfield, UK
3
0
4
0
One-olfs andsmallbatch
production

High-density
34'
polyethylene(HOPE)
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
.,.,
c
..,
::::l
;;:
c
iil
Seating
@
Trinidad NO.3298
' Indust rial craft' production
will undoubtedly prosper in
th e twenty-first ce nt ury if
th e wor kma ns hip and
gra phical form of th is as h
cha ir are a measure of the
out put of today' s furnitu re
manufactu rers.
/
NannaDitzel, Denmark
3
06
4)
Fredericia Furniture
3
16
AjS, Denmark

Ashwood, metol z95,

339

Renewablematerial
3
27
Flying Carpet
A stee l frame with
sup porting rod s suspends
st iffened felt in mid -air to
create a seat tha t sways as
th e user moves around.
Econ omy of mat erials use
co mbines with ease of
se parat ion into pur e-grade
was te st rea ms for recycling
th e mat eri als at th e end of
the product' s life. This
imaginat ive design
explores new app lication s
of wool felt to furn itur e.
/
I/kka Suppanen, Finland
3
10
0
CappeiliniSpA, Italy
3'4

Steel,felt 29,
295

Economy of materials
3
2
7
usage
Renewableand
recyclablematerials
--
Ghos t
Purity of form and function
can often be ach ieved by
focusing on the exclusive
properties of one particular
material. Cini Boeri and
Tomu Katayanagi have taken
a single piece of t zmm-thlck
(c. l Iz-i nch) toughened
glass and cut and mou lded
it into an extraordinary
object. They juxt apose t he
contradictory characteristics
of the material - it s fragility
and toughness - and create a
durable, rather timeless
design. Ghost provides food
for thought on how other
familiar materials can be
modified or mutated to fit
new forms and functions.
Bei ng composed of a si ngle
mat erial fac ilitates recycling
at the end of t he prod uct 's
life and encourages c1osed-
loop recycling. whe re the
ma nufacturer uses it s own
recycled materials to produce
new goods.
/
CiniBoeriandTomu
3 5
Katayanagi. Italyand
Japan
e
FlamItalia SpA, Italy
3
16

Glass
295
(}
Recyclable single
3
27
material
Durability
Chair and ottoman
Slabs of heavy-grade
industrial felt , typically
used for noise insulation in
military vehicles, are bolted
together to create an
archetypal armchai r. An
olloman emerges from th e
offcuts. The orig ina l felt
slabs are tr ansfor med from
the utilitarian to th e
pur pos eful. yet reta in t hei r
honesty of or igin. Like the
Danish des igner Niels
Hvass, who has made a
Seating
similar chair from used
newspapers, Atfield reminds
us to keep it simple and
create zero waste.
/
JaneAlfield,UK
3
0
4
(
One-offs

Felt, steel 290,

295
(}
Economyof materials
327.
usage
3
28
ZeroWQste production
Seating
IKEAa.i.r .jMUJIAIR
sofas
IKEA are peering into the
future and testing the way
forward for sustainable
product design. This
example byJan Dranger
sets the stage for
manufacturing furniture
using recyclable plastics
and interchangeable
covers, as wear and tear
Bench
or fashion decrees. As
resource scarcity bites in
the twenty-first century,
manufacturers will have
not onlyto use recyclable
materials but also to
develop business models
that ensure that product
take-back keeps materials
in a closed recyclingloop.

Jan Dranger, Dranger
3
06
DesignAB, Sweden
.,
News Design DjEABfor
3
21
IKEA, Sweden

Plastics, nylonor 283,

polyester, cotton 29
'

Recyclable materials 327,
Economyof materials
3
28
usage
Low-energytransport
andassembly
In a imaginative turn-
around, paper from trees is
recycled in a 100 per cent-
waste-paper material called
' Shetkaboard' to become a
subst it ute for sawn timber
in this indoor/ outdoor
bench. Whycut down
more t rees when waste
paper will do the job nicely?
/
StanleyJ Shetka, USA
3
10
.,
One-off

Shetkaboard 280

Recycled,renewable
3
2
7
materials
Q.
IDRAaward, ' 995
33
2
Chair
This knock-down chair uses
lightweight Gridcore, made
of 100 per cent-recycled
paper honeycomb
sandwiched between
laminated paper surfaces,
for the sides and back.
Solidcherrywood is used
for the arms and rear leg.
The furnishing fabric
comes from DesignTex, a
US company knownfor
reducing the environmenta l
impact of its textile r n g ~
Seating
/
Janice Smith, USA
3
10
.,
One.off

Gridcore, cherrywood, 290-1

furnishingf abric
339
~
Recycledandrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
3
28
Selfassembly
Designf ordisassembly
4
IDRAaward, 1997
33
2
Chair
Discarded industrial pallets
are the rawmaterial for this
chair. After machining, the
individual wooden lathes
are held together using
steel bolts. The chair is
easilydisasse mbled for
repair or recycling.
/
JamesVarney, USA
3
11
.,
One.off

Recycledpollet wood
339
~
Recycledandrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
4
IDRAaward, 1998
33
2

Seating
Kids furniture
The confetti-like colours
and pattern s of the recycled
plastics in these furniture
items are tailor-made
for creating a st imulating
learning environment
for the young child.
Demonst rating this
material' s versat ility
for making robust , fun
furniture, Reedy introduces
some nice touches such
as the hand holds for
carrying the chair and
rounded edges for safety.
Knotted chair
Aloose, flexible, macrame
form of aramide fibre braid
is dipped into a solution
of epoxyresin. The resin
is hardened by drying at
high temperatures to
produce the necessary
rigidity for the purpose.
This remarkable chair is a
blend of imagination and
technology, which fits
the Factor 4 philosophy
of ,doing more with
less' . However, a few
reservations surround the
technosphere materials.
Epoxy resins need careful
handling during production
and the resultant aramide
reinforced with epoxyresin
is a composite that could
prove diffi cult to recycle.
/
Colin Reedy, Meta Moif,
3
0
9
Inc., USA
0
MetaM01'nc., USA
3
20

Recycled plastics, steel 283,

295

Recycledmaterial
3
27
q.
/ORAaward, '99 7
33
2
/
Marcel Wanders,
3
11
Netherlands
4)
Cappellini SpA, Italy
3
'4

Aramidejibrebraid, 28
4
epoxy resin
,}
Economyof materials
3
2
7
usage
---
Seating
/
SebastianBergne, UK
3
04
0
Authentics
3
1
3
ottipresent, Germany

Recycfable
295,
polyprapylene, metal
34
1
(}
Recycfable materials 327,
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
Minimaluseof
materials
Leg Over
The colourful, circular
polypropylene sea t clips
over t he powder-coat ed
st ee l frame to provide
a versatile, stackable
stool or footrest. It is
economical in its use of
materials and stylistic
languag e.
removed. The wood is
malleable at this stage and
can be bent before being
allowed to dry. Once dry it
maintains its original
strength and flexibility.
/
Erik Krogh Design,
3
06
Denmark
0
One-aff

Pre-compressedwood
339
(}
Renewablematerial
3
27
withimproved
characteristics
Krogh chair
The single-piece back
support and arms are
made of pre-compressed
wood . Many types of wood
will respond to pre-
compression treatment.
The process involves
mollifying the fibres with
st eam and then
compressing them, which
cau ses the fibres to adopt
an accordion-l ike zig-zag
st ruct ure. This results in an
overall shortening of the
wood by 20 per cent, which
reduces to 5 per ce nt when
the compress ing force is
Little Beaver
Part of Gehry's
' Experime nta l Edges'
limited edition for
Vitra, the Little Beaver
compr ises offset layers
of thick car dboa rd wit h
large corruga t ions , glued
and stood on end . Both
the mater ial and the
constr uct ion technique
reveal numerous
permutat ions for working
t hese materials and
contrast with his earlier
furn iture work with
cardboa rd in the Wiggle
series Of1972, now being
produced agai n by Vitra.
/
Frank a Gehry, USA
3
06
0
VitroAG, Germany
3
26

Cardboard, glue 287,

299
(}
Renewable and
327,
campostablematerials
33
0
StUl , SE68, 1998
An econornic al iqyos
design, which originally
used plywood seating and
back rest, has been
reproduced using
multicoloured plast ic
sheeting originating from
waste packaging. Where
renewable materials are in
short supply or costly,
recycled plastic offers a
viable alternative.
/
Professor EEiermann,
Germany
0
WildeII( SpiethGmbH,
32
6
Germany

HDPEsheeting,steel 295,
341
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
/
ijsdesigners(Bridget
3
07
Readingand Monique
vandenHurk), UKand
Netherlands
0
Limitedbatch
oroduct ion

Stainless steel, 295,

m o ~ n v 1 ..0
(}
Economy of materials
327,
usage
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing
Stool
Seating
Simplicity is the keydriver
in this design, resulting
in economical use of
materials and low-energy
input during fabrication.
Durable materials ensure
robustness and a long
life. Mahoganycan be
salvaged, obtained from a
sustainablymanaged
forest (as certified by the
FSC) or subst ituted by a
sustainable temperate
hardwood.

.....
hollowarms and 'angle-
iron' legs. Starckbrings
his usual wit and economy
of line to this chair, which
is equally happy in a
garden, an urban loft or a
cafe. As it is fabricated
entirelyfrom PPwith a
sma ll, easily removable,
stainless-steel plug
around the drainage hole
in the seat, it easy to
recycle the materials at the
end of the item's life. By
2030 manufacturers may
even be requesting that
their products be returned
bythe current custodian
for dismantling and
recycling of components
and materials. The
material content of the
Toy Chair will then be
valued as much as the
comfort and pleasure
given through its lifetime.
Seating
/
Philippe Starck, France
3' 0
0
DriadeSpA, Italy
3
1
5

Polypropylene
34
1

Recyclablesingle
3
27
material
Economyof materials
usage inmanufacturing
."
C
....
:>
;:;:
C
(i1
ToyChair
Tough, durable and
colourful, polypropylene
has been a favoured
material with designers for
nearlyhalf a century. Toy
Chair is a wonderful
celebration of technological
progress in single-piece
injection moulding, with its
Thinking Man 's Chair
Tubular and flat steel are
combined in a deliberately
'engineered' look, further
enhanced by the red oxide-
type finish complete with
written dimens ions. A
durable design for indoor
or outdoor use, which,
being made from a single
material, is easilyrecycled.
/
JasperMorrison, UK
3
09
e
Cappel/iniSpA, Italy
3'4

Steel
295

Recyclable single
3
27
material

Seating .
/
Ronaldo EdsondaSilva.
3
0
5
Brazil
.,
Papo-Papel, Brazil
3
22

Paper. cardboard, plastic 28

3
288-9
Q
Materialsfrom local
3
27
.
sources
3
28
Recycledmaterials
Low-energy
manuf acturing
ct-
First prize. Post-
Consumptioncategory,
1997Brazilianeco-design
awards
Zorg
All the raw materials to
manufacture this two-seat
sofa originate from the
Manaus free-trade zone,
Amazonia. Cardboard
finished in natural sealants
forms the main frame
supporting four
transparent plastic-bag
cushions filled with
shredded magazines . The
manufacturing technique.
which involves simple
cutting, folding and gluing,
precludes the need for
special tools or an
assemblyplant. This is an
excellent example of the
application of industriaI
ecology in a manufacturing
locality.

The Draught
Wicker is imaginatively
combined with steel for
this exciting range of
chairs. Traditional weaving
of wicker is abandoned in
favour of methods inwhich
the withies are held tightly
together with steel or
inserted into solid beech.
The results bring nature,
with all its innate variability,
into the living space.
/
PawelGrunert. Poland
3
0
7
.,
Limitedbatch
production

Steel. wicker 281,

295
Q
Renewableand
3
2
7
compostablematerials
Recyclablematerials
--
XL' kit chair
This lightweight chair,
weighing just 2.2 kg
(4.7 Ib), won the 1999
Jerwood Applied Arts Prize
coordinated bythe Crafts
Council, UK. Marriott
combines materials and
ready-made components,
which are readily available
from local builders'
merchants and DIY
stockists, into an honest ,
economical , multipurpose
chair. In the UK, DIY
interior decoration,
building and gardening are
obsessions, so it is
refreshing to see a designer
encouraging such
enthusiasts to apply
themselves to designing
furniture.
/
Michael Marriott, UK
3
08
.,
Self-assemblychair
design

Beech, birchplywood, 295,

zinc-platedmildsteel
339
(}
Renewableand
3
27
recyclablematerials
Economyof materials
usage
Useof ready-made
components
Seating
Chair
-
Wiggle series
Originally designed in 1972
as economical furniture
and manufactured byJack
Brocan in the USA, the
Wiggle side chair has been
reproduced byVitra from
1992. Each layer of
corrugated cardboard is
placed at an angle to the
next layer to provide
significantly increased
durability compar ed with
the folding cardboard
chairs bythe likes of Peter
Raacke and Peter Murdoch
in the 1960s. /
Fronk a Gehry, USA
3
06
.,
VitroAG, Germany
3
26

Cardboard, glues 287-8,

299
(}
Renewable materials
327,
Low-energy
32
8
manufacturing
Dolphin-Wilding preserves
the quirks of nature' s
patterns in her unique
wooden chairs, letting the
natural forms dictate the
structure of her hand-
crafted reincarnations. In
doing so she takes us back
to days before 'craft' work
became a highly skilled
profession or before
' industrial design'
produced technologically
refined furniture.
/
Julienne Dolphin- 306
Wilding
.,
One-off/smallbatch
production

Timber
339
(}
Renewablematerials
327,
Lowenergyfabrication
3
28

Ir
Tables
Flower pot table
Clay flower pot s are given a
fres h, sophisticated image
in th is s imple but well-
executed de sign for a
durable, functional
occasiona l or side table ,
which uses raw materials
tha t are readily available
worldwide.
/
JasperMorrison, UK
3
09
.,
CappelliniSpA, Italy
3
1
4

Clay, glass 295

Abundantmaterials
327,
fromthelithosphere
34
0
Economyof materials
usage

Ash round table

Com bining excellent
rigidity and ample leg-
room, the simplicity of t his
design relies on t he
strength of the soli d ash,
which comes from local
English woodlands. A
range of ta ble sizes to seat
t hree to te n peop le is
manufactured to the same
basic de sign. Trannon
Furn it ure successfully
blends t radit ional furn iture-
maki ng techn iques with a
mo dern aesthetic to
produce durable, quality
sea t ing, tables and she lving.
/
DavidColwellandRoy
305
Tam,UK
.,
TrannonFurniture Ltd,
3
25
UK

Solidashwood
339

..Renewable materials
327,
withstewardship
3
28
sourcing
..Low-energy
construction techniques
Mooving Image/ Sony
flat-screen coffee table
Old TVs never die, theyjust
find a new home. Jam's
TVsdon't work but they
still grab the attention.
Electronics manufacturers
are being forced to realign
their ent ire business
strategies in accordance
with EU legislation (such
as the WEEEDirective),
which encourages them to
take back their products .
Fabricating furniture from
TVtubes isn't really dealing
with the problem of
disposal (of heavymetals,
gases, glass) but it
provides an interim
solution while suitable
disposal methods are
sought.

Jam Designal.
37
Communications, UK
0
Jam Design al.
37
Communications, UK

TVtubes, steel, castors

34
1
(}
Reuseofend-of/ife
33
components
Concrete table
Concrete has a similar
embodied energy to timber,
or lower, so its use in
creating robust , durable yet
customizable furniture is
welcome.
Tables
/
Pamela Hollon, UK
37
0
One-offi

Concrete, glazed
295
ceramictiles
(}
Low-embodiedenergy 328,
Durability
340
:...

Tables
Plaky
Soph ist icated extrusion
and mou lding of t he ABS-
polycarbonate blend of
plast ic recyclate adds value
to t his waste stream by
t urning it into a desi rable
item offu rniture. The
anod ized aluminium
pede stal stem completes
the 'u p-market' effect.
/
ChristopherConnelf,
3
0
5
Australia
.,
Wharington 320 ,
InternationalPlyLtdfor
3
2 6
MAP(Merchantsof
Australia), Australia

RecycledABS-
34'
polycarbonate,
aluminium

Recycled andrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
Saita
Almost go per cent of t he
stee l in circulation has
been recycled at some
time, so it is refresh ing to
see steel being used with
grea t sculptura l panache in

this ta ble design. Long t he

preserve of archi tect ural
and str uctura l engineer s,
steel offers fresh
pers pectives for furnit ure
designers.
/
Setsu Ito,Japan
37
.,
FrontCorporation,
3
'7
Japan

Steel 295

Singlematerialforeasy
3
2
7
recycling
Extremelydurable
material
---
-rt
C
....
::>
;:;:
C
ro
Tables
/
ChristopherCannell,
3
0
5
Australia
.,
Prototype, MAP, 320
Australia

RecycledABS
34
1

Recycledmaterial
3
27
Ledge
The density and strength of
ABS, even in recycled for m,
contributes to lightn ess in
design, in Christopher
Connell's vision .
/
PaulNijland, graduate,
39
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
e
Prototype

Woad,metal 295,
339

Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing.
distributionand
assembly
Schraag
This table-cum-desk
minim izes on materials by
us ing three legs , not the
traditional four , for each
lightweight aluminium
trestle, A range of standard
2 x o.g-metre (6ft 7in x 3ft)
top s ca n be chosen from
laminated bamboo, glass
or red multiplex. Simplic ity
and ease of assembly bring
the old-fashioned trestle
table into the modern
world.
/
Martin vanSeveren,
3
11
Belgium
.,
Bulo, Belgium
3
13

Aluminiumwith 281,
bamboo, glassor
295
multiplex

Renewablematerial 327,
option
32
8
Recyclable materials
Designfordisassembly
Table 0.85x1.20m
Table design is stripped
down to the bare essentials
- a woo de n workto p,
fou r tubular met al
legs, the who le easily
disassembled, No fuss ,
minimal production costs,
easy flat pack and low-
energy production input.
Tables
Table
Hertz reveals the
workability of Syndecrete'"
in his individualistic,
sculptural tables.
"
David Hertz, USA
37
.,
Syndesis, lnc., USA
3
2
4

Syndecrete", glass
295

Recycledmaterials
327
Sidetable
Syndecrete'" is a
lightweight composite
concrete utilizing mixed
industrial and post-
consumer waste,
pulverized flyash and PP
fibre waste. The material
is well suited to detailed
moulding and can be
polished to reveal a
terrazzo-like surface.
"
DavidHertz, USA
3 7
.,
Syndesis, lnc., USA
3
2
4

Syndecrete" 295

Recycledmaterials
3
2
7

Foldingtable
Easily mass- produced, with
lowenergyinput, this
simple folding table
combines lowcost with
transportabilityand the use
of Environ and Ranger
MDFparticleboards.
"
AnnCirandand Brian
37
Champion, USA
.,
One-off

Environ, Ranger MDF 278

Recycledand
3
27
renewablematerials
Q.
lORAaward, 1995
33
2
-
Tables
Morrison's economyof
design is exemplified in
his abilityto make the
connection between the
usually separate roles of
displaying and serving
food and drinks. This
dual-function t ray-cum-
table uses the bare
minimum of materials.
.."
C
3
;::;:
c
ro

/
JasperMorrison,UK
3
09
0
Cappellini SpA, Italy
3
14

ASS, stainlesssteel 295,

34
1

Duo/functionobject
3
29
/
KsenkjaJurinec, Croatia
3
07
0
One-offs

Recycledcardboard 288-9

Recycled materials
3
27
4
lORAaward, 1997
332
\
Nested tables
TableOp-La
Jurinec sees cardboard as
a noble material with great
worth in its unrefined
naturalness, lowcost and
transient durability.
Cardboard encourages
minimalism in design and
is non-materialistic. It is
also eas ily returned to the
recycl ing loop.
Gridcore, a recycled paper
honeycomb core sandwiched
between layers of fibre
sheeting and veneer,
provides sufficient rigidity
to support a glass table top.
/
Dan Cramer,USA
3
05
0
One.off

Gridcore, glass 295

Recycledandrecyclable
327
materials
4
lORAaward, 1998
33
2
Table
Shelving and Storage
Bookcase
This co nce rtina-like
bookcase has an interesti ng
juxtaposi t ion of natural
. materials. The craft aes t hetic
has always embraced
experimentation with nature' s
prima ry material s but furt her
possibilities are emerging to
create a new ' indust rial craft'
producti on .
Chest ofdrawers
An assortment of salvaged
drawers is reincarnated as
a new chest of drawers in
Remy' s functional yet
quirkyde sign. The drawers
loo ks as if they cou ld have
been strapped on to the
back of a pick-up truck and
indeed the des igner
encourages thi s metaphor
by binding the dra wers
together wit h the webbing
and steel rat che t used by
truc kers. Chest of Drawer s
is an object su spended in
time, neither permanent
nor transient , and
de mon str at es the recycling
of dozen s of original
(drawer) designs that
fashion had consigned to
t he junk shop.
/
Tejo Remy, Droog
3
0
9
Design, Netherlands
.,
One.off/ smollbotch
3
07
production. Droog
Design, Netherlands
11
Olddrawers, webbing,
34
'
steel

Reusedandreadv-
3
27.
madecomponents
3
28
Cold. low-energy
construction
/
Jon KoningsondJurgen
3
08
Bey. Droog Design.
Netherlands
e
DMD/Droog Design,
3
07

Netherlands
3
15
11
Maplewood. paper, 288-91
linen
339

I nnovati veuseof
natural, renewable
3
27
materials
,
1
...
I
L
I
i
~
'!

- ,-
~
iJ
~
~
/
Kobi Wiesendanger,
3
11
Switzerland
e
Limitedbatch
3'3
production, Avantde
Dormir, Italy

Pinewood, cupsand
339,
saucers(usedto propup
34
1
shelfunits)
~
Reuse of ready-made
components
Renewablematerials

is well conceived and

should persist for man y
decades before it is
disassembled ready for a
new lease oflife as another
recycled product. Boox
gives plastic credibil ity and
in doing so makes us re-
evaluate the essential
worth of the material.
/
Philippe Starck, France
3
10
.,
Kartell, Italy
3
18

Thermoplastic polymer 282

~
Durable modular
3
2
7
design
Recyclablematerials
Shelving and Storage
' Boox' shouts, ' look at me ,
I'm plastic, proud of it,
cherish me, I'm a valuable
resource.' This modular
extruded and injection-
moulded shelving system
environment, even though
they have made possible
resilient, functional and
technologically advanced
products for over half a
century. Philippe Starck's
I Just Moved In
The layers of meaning are as
numerous as the shel ves in
this int riguing design, which
promotes individual ism and
juxtaposes the old, the new
and the banal. The des ign
raises a question about the
att itudes of designers:
should the construction
detai ls of Wiesen danger's
books helf be published so
that anyone can assemble a
bookshelf on similar
principles but using locally
found materials? Or is the
limited batch production an
exclusive process that
guarantees status to the
purchasers?
Boox
Plastics are the by-products
of our des ire to burn fossil
fuels and are integral to our
modern lives. Yet plastics
are perceived as a major
culprit in despoiling our
Shelving and Storage
PlugIt
Boredom is a factor t hat
consigns many an object to
the auct ion house, seco nd-
hand deale r or, in the worst
scenario, a landfill site.
Roberto Feo's modu lar
shelving syste m ensur es
that the user can rear range
and add new modu les to
refresh and restim ulate the
visual senses at the sa me
time as extending the
sto rage volume.
/
Roberto Feo, Spain 306
0
fl UltimoGrito, UK 306

MDF 292

Modular
3
29
multifunctional design
Upgradable
Modularbookshelf
- r
This dual-function
bookshelf and/or stor age
unit is pared down to
an essential modul ar
component of a box
frame and remo vable box
' drawer' . It is a simple,
vers atile system that can
be expanded to meet the
user' s needs. It offers
excellent storage capacity
in relation to its foot print
and can also double as a
screen to divide a room.
/
Giulio Polvara, Italy
3
0
9
0
Kartel/, Italy
3
18

ABS, lacquered
34
1
polyurethane

Modularstarage
3
29
system

Shelving and Storage

>
Robostacker and
Hola Hoop
Traditionally manufacturers
strive to serve specific
mcrkets and, where
poss ible, increase their
market share. Jam are a
design group focused on
developing symbiotic
relationships with
manufacturers to explore
whether their ready-made
components can be
adapted to create fresh
products for new markets.
The ' Robostacker',
produced in 1997 in
collaboration with Italian
white-goods manufacturers
Whirlpool, converts three
stainless-steel washing-
machine drums into a
storage unit. Developing
the concept further, Jam
created the Hola Hoop
shelvingusing painted or
stainless-steel-finished
drums and glass sheets.
Ready-made components
can be obtained from
pre-consumer (factory)
or post-consumer
(municipal or other
waste-disposal centres)
sources. Jam have liaised
with other well-known
manufacturers to produce
flat-screen mobile coffee
tables from components
made bySony. Reuse of
manufact ured components
seems to offer endless
possibilities but does not
absolve the designer
from examining the green
credentials of the
original components and
manufacturers' environmental
commitments.
/
Jam Design0<
3
07
Communications Ltd,
UK
.,
Jam withWhirlpool,
3
0
7
UK/ Italy

Stainlesssteel
295

Reuseorre-appli cation
327
ofready.made
manufactured
components
Shelving and Storage
Es
Nine beechwood rod s
are inserted int o fou r
plywood pan els and
locked into place using
plast ic rings. Grcic
tests the boundaries of
stabil ity wit h a design
that wobbles yet doesn't
fall over. His design
appears to fly in the
face of man 's desire
to remo ve nature
from t he process of
manufacturing, being
deliberately ma de to
look naive and in a DIY
style. The rods per mit
t he shelving to double
as a coat rack and
clot hes sta nd.
/
KonstantinGrcic,
30 ]
Germany
e
MoormannMobel,
3
20
Germany

Beechwood, plywood. 283,

plastic
339

Renewablematerials,
32] ,
economically applied
3
28
Easeofassembly/
disassembly

---
Sten
The Sten system of storage
and shelving is a series of
standard flat-pack
components, which can be
bolted together in a range of
bespoke combinat ions.
Shelving, uprights and
storage-box panels are
manufactured from untreated
Scandinavian softwood from
managed forests or IKEA's
own woodlands. Coach
screws and ties are used to fix
the individual elements into a
rigid structure and the
assemble d unit can be eas ily
disassemble d for reuse or
recycling. The shelving is
robust and capable of holding
up to sookg (r.roolb),
/
IKEA, Sweden
3
'9
.,
IKEA, Sweden
3
'9

Wood, steel 295,

339
(}
Renewable and
3
2
7-9
recyclable materials
Low-energy
manufacturingand
assembly
Customizablejurniture
Shelving and Storage
:...
Shell
Moulded aircraft-grade
plywood, just 3mm (about
'/8inch) thick, is fixed with
3-Dmetal corner fixings
to create a basic shell that
can be fitted out internally
as required with shelving
and a clothes rail. A
longitudinal hinge permits
much better access to the
contents than conventional
wardrobes.
/
Ubald Klug, France
3
08
e
Rothlisberger,
3
2
3
Switzerland

Plywood, metal
295,
339
(}
Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Lowenergy
manufacturing
r
ShelvingandStorage

Hoover
This lightweight war dro be
feat ures st retc hable s ide
panels, which provide ext ra
capacity for t hose
awkwardlyshaped objects .
Nz' s minimalist philosoph y
excludes extra neous det ail
and incor porates a
red uction ist approach to
t he use of mat erials.
/
JorgBoner, N2,
3
05
Switzerland
0
sdbindustries,
3
23
Netherlands

Various
(}
Economicaluseof 327,
materials
3
28
Greatercapacitythan
traditionaldesigns
Ecotable/ sideboar d
Joinery skills are applied to
this tab le/s ideboard, which
is made of 95 per cent
Environ , a biocom posite,
and 5 per cent Durawood ,
an HDPE plast ic lumber
recyclate. These mater ials
compleme nt the simplicity
of t he design eleme nts and
echo t he style of classic
Shaker furnit ure ma de
from Amer ican hardwoods.
/
GeorgeEttenheim,
3
06
Ettenheim Design, USA
0
EttehnelmDesign, USA
3
06

Environ, Durawood 278,

293
(}
Recycled materials
3
2
7
q.
IDRAaward, ' 995 332
-
Shelving and Storage
I
Italic
There are just two
components in this
beautifullysimple shelving
system: bent steel rods
whose ends are dipped in
natural liquid gum to
provide a good grip, and
wooden shelves. Users
/
Lorenz Wiegand,
3
11
Germany
.,
Prototype

Steel, liquidgum, wood 28] ,

295
(}
Economyofmaterials 32],
usage
32
8
Low-energyproduction
could add extra
components to expand
their existing shelving.
@
Shelving and Storage
Console and shelving
system
Bar + Knell demonst rate
the versatility of recycl ed
HDPEplastic board with
this eclectic range of
furniture. The message is
unequivocal: waste is
valuable and recycled waste
extends the palette of
materials for the designer.
/
Bdr + Knell. Germany
3
04
.,
One.affi. Blir+Knell,
3
0
4
Germany

Recycledplastic
3
2
7

Recycledcontent
3
2
7

Shelvi ng and Storage

:..
"c
s
;::;:
c
iii
--
Turris
Component s include
shelving and side panels of
Fiberbond Wallboar d ma de
from recycled newspaper
and gyps um and rolled
steel angles using 60 per
cent-recycled stee l. The
wheels that allow the
shelves to be moved are
made from use d rubber
conveyor-belts.
/
SheriShumacher, USA
3
10
.,
Smallbatchproduction

Recycfedsteel,Fiberbond 283,
Wallboord, reused
295
rubber

Recycfed andreused
327,
materials
32
8
Eosyassembly/
disassembly
q.
lORAaward, 1996
33
2
Shelfsystem
Lightweight materials
commonly use d for
packagi ng can provide a
viable alternat ive to
't radit ional' shelving
mater ials such as stee l,
alumi nium and woo d. These
shelves are const ruct ed
us ing techniques similar to
those used to manu fact ure
moulded packaging for
eggs and electro nic goods.
Part of the challenge to
de signers is t o reappraise
convent ional pract ices and
test the suita bility of
mat erials, es pecially
biocompos ites, for new
applicat ions.
/
j asperStartup, Startup
3
10
Design, UK
.,
Smallbatchproduction
11
Recycfednewspapers,
34'
reusedfruit trays

Recycfed materials
3
27
Reusedcomponents
Compostable
q.
lORAaward, 1995
332

Multifunctional
ACol lect ion of
Mammoth Pillows
Anthropometries fixes the
scale of human objects in
the home, but if you break
the rules refresh ing new
concepts can emerge. The
humble pillow scaled up to
' mammot h' size become s
a foldable sofa, an armchair
for a corn er between walls,
a mattress or a comfortable
zone on which to relax.
/
JudithKant, graduate
3
07
student 2000, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
0
Prototype

Fumishingfabric,filler 28
5

Multifunctional
3
29
furniture
/
Sanderde Klerk,
3 5
graduate student2000 ,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
e
Prototype

Various

.I mprovedf unctionolity
328,
forcomputerhardware
3
2
9
Designforneed
.,.,
t:
3
;::;:
t:
ii1

MuItifunctional
Hepworth sculpture, is a
fun, portable, wireless
computer with a touch
screen linked by an
umbilical cord to the
stool. The user can take
this charming object with
him/her to the bathroom,
kitchen or gar den . In the
twenty-first century we
should expect to see less
of the grey personalities
of existing pes and more
machines that are really
useful even if they aren' t
even switched on! Here's
a step in the right
direct ion.
Commun icat ions
furniture
The time is right for a
design revolution in the
computer industry.
Although the iMac
revitalized the styling of
computers, they st ill
remain working
machines des igned ,
primarily. for the
formality of the office
environment. San der de
Klerk's characterful stool,
remin isce nt of a Barbara
/
ShinandTamaka
34
Azumi
.,
Smallbatchproduction,
34
ShinandTamako
Azum;

Wood.metal 295,
339

Dua/Junctiondesign
3
29
Wit h a simple action this
sparse chest of drawers
ca nt ilevers gracefu llyout to
form an occasiona l ta ble.
For t he Azumis this design
reflect s Japanese cultural
needs where rooms are
often mu ltifunct ional and
fut ons and tab les are
removed or reconfigured
as required .
Table-into-chest-
of-drawers
-
Multifunctional
Dia
Adaptabilityand durability
are the two primary
prerequisites for furniture
that is intended to survive
the elements and robust
use in the garden. This
range offers a high degree
of flexibility- the chair has
an upright and a low
position, the table height
is adjustable and the
sunbed has eight possible
profile permutations .
Polished stainless steel
and strong fabric,
impregnated with
waterproofing and UV-
stabilized, ensure a long
life. Thanks to these high-
qualitymaterials, this
range of furniture is also
suitable for indoor use
and thus offers flexibility
and dual-functionality.
/
Gioia MellerMarcovicz,
3
08
UK
e
ClassiCon, Germany
3'4

Stainlesssteel,
29
0
-' ,
waterproofedjUV- 295
stobilizedfabric

Durabilit y,
329
multifunctionality
--
-
Flexipal
Thes e ident ical int erlocking
plastic modules can be
articulated and held in
fixed pos itions by
t ightening the adjusting
screws to configure a
range offurni tu re from
ta bles to chai rs, beds and
platforms as desired. This
encourages the owner to
experiment with his or her
own concepts and offers
flexible functionality.
/
JRMiles, UK
3
08
e
RetailPlace Ltd,UK
3
2
3

Plastic 283,
295
(}
Multifunctianality, 327,
easeofupgrading
3
2
9
Singlematerialta
facilitaterecycling
Multifunctional


. ' ) ,
- \
... r-

-rt
C
"' ::>
;:;:
C
;;;
Kast stoel
The joined halves of
th is inter estin g seat/shelf/
magazine rack amply
demonstrat e t he
mu ltiplicity of uses to
which a merged object
can be put.
/
Paulo Nerve,graduate
309
student 2000, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Polymer 282,
296-7
(}
Multifunctional
3
29
furniture

Multifunctional
Kokon
Old wooden furniture
is revived by covering
it wit h a PVC-based
coati ng. The
opportunities to create
quirky new cus tom
furniture are legion but
the tec hnique needs
further refinement to find
a substitute for PVC,
who se envi ronmental
track reco rd is poor.
How to isolate the
t imber of the reclaimed
furniture from int imate
contact wit h the PVC
and what to do with the
it ems at the en d of their
lives are unanswered
questions.
/
Jurgen Bey, Droog
3
04
Design, Netherlands
0
LimitedbalCh 306
production, Droog
Desi gn, Netherlands

ReclaimedfUrnit ure,
34
1
PVCcoating

Reuse ofready.made
3
27
components
NatureTechnology
Symbiosis
As civil engineers us e
plants to reinforce
geotechnical stru ct ures
(bioengineer ing) , designers
can use plants to
strengthen t hei r designs.
Edwin Wannet believes t hat
the symbios is of
tec hnological and living
elem ents in th is ' living
cabi net' raises ques t ions
about t he types of produ cts
that could be developed,
prod uct -life expectations
and emotional responses.
/
EdwinWannet,
3
11
graduate student,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
0
Prototype

Wood,glass, living 29\,

plants
339

MultiJunctionality
3
29
Living, respiringobject
..
Low Living
Revivingmaritime
techniques and skills, such
as spool knitting, creates
st rong, rhythmic textures in
this multifunctional range
of Low Living products
suitable as blankets, wraps
or cushions . Turn down the
heating and retreat to your
cocoon!
MuItifunctional
:...
/
Connie Constansia,
35
graduatestudent 2000,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
0
Prototypes

Wool 290-1
(}
Renewable materials
3
27
Pouffe
Atemporarybed, suitable
for day-time lounging or
use by an overnight guest,
unfurls out of a pouffe, the
exterior upholstery
doubling as a blanket.
/
Erik Bakker,graduate
34
student, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
0
Prototype

Various text;es 290-1,

30- 1
(}
Multifunctionality
3
29
@
Multifunctional
Wave
Two layers oHelt sa ndwich
a layer of polyureth ane to
create a flexible matt ing,
which is curved and
stiffened at one end by
cha nging the mix of
elastomers in the PU.
When not in use t he mat
can be wound arou nd the
form ed end. The result is a
unique object that can be
used as a mat, a recliner or
a cha ise long ue.
Hide-away
This intrigu ing design
invites the user to take out
a book from the shelf,
cran k the handl e to raise
the day-bed and settle
down for a good read.
/
N2, Switzerland
39
.,
Prototype, sdb
3
2
3
industries, Netherlands

Aluminium, birch 295,

plvwood. polypropylene
34
1
(}
Multifunctional
3
2
9
furniture
/
Martin Hoogendijk,
37
Netherlands
.,
DMDjDroog Design, 306,
Netherlands
3
1
5
;I
Felt, palyurethane 290-1
34
'
(}
Multifunctionalobject
3
29
MindtheGap
For those who liketo relax
with a coffee and a
magazine, ' Mind the Gap'
is the onlyaccessory
required. It combines
efficient dual functionality
with economical use of
materials and imbues the
combination with a cheeky
persona. There' s really no
need to buy a table and a
magazine rack ever again.
/
EJUltimoGrito, Spain
3
06
.,
ELUltimoGrito, UK
3
06

Rubber, steel/alloy 283,

295
(}
Multifunctionality 327,
Economyof material s
329
usage
Tablelamp and
tablechair
Dual-function design is
pared down to its ultimate
simplicityin Richard
Hutten's witty yet practical
furniture. He demonstrates
the same thoughtful
economy, bordering on the
austere, in the Table Lamp
and Table Chair, pragmat ic
and lovable designs
which will be
cherished.
MuItifunctional
/
Richard Hutten,
3
07
Netherlands
.,
Limitedbatch
323
production, REEEL,
Netherlands

Beechwood, MDF, 295,

metal
339
(}
DualjUnctiondesigns
327,
Economyof materials
3
29
usage
-rt
c
s
;:;:
c
ii1
Multifunctional
Nomad
For thos e who like not hing
better than to lounge
aro und on a deep pile
carpet here 's the ideal
solut ion that avoids the use
of all those unwanted big
cushions while giving your
back a rest. Wanders has
meta phoric ally and literally
elevated the st at us ofthe
humb le carpet well above
the tac kyexamples of shag-
pile of the 1970s.
/
Marcel Wanders,
3
11
Netherlands
4)
Cappellini SpA, Italy
3' 4

Waal,metal 290-1 ,
295

Multifimctianalobject
3
29

Wire-frame
reversible bench
Inspired by the
technological achievements
of supermar ket shopping
bas kets and 3D computer
modelling, the Azumis
were able to create this
lightweight bench , which
can be reversed to ma ke a
cha ise longue or stacked
with other benches to
provide she lving.
/
ShinandTomoko
3
0
4
A2umi,UK
4)
Smallbatchproduction,
3
04
ShinandTomoko
A2umi,UK

Nickelplatedorpowder-
295
coatedsteel

Multifunctionaldesign
3
29
--
Anna Chaise
Rat chets on t he alloy frame
permit the sides of thi s
armchai r to be lowered to
suit the occupant and
convert the armchair to a
chaise longue or day-bed .
An excellent example of
pract ical, mu ltifunct iona l
furn iture.
/
GioiaMel1u Marcovicz,
3
08
UK
.,
Habitat, UK 31]

Alloy, padding.fobric 290- 1,

295

Multifunctionality
3
29
Inexpensive materials
41-
MuItifunctional
:...
,.,
<:
:;
;:;:
<:
iil
Miscellaneous
Three and One-Half
Minutes
This lightweight screen
encapsulates fragments of
time in old processed
film stock bou nd in an
alum inium frame . Although
the aluminium is easil y
recycled at t he end of the
product' s life, a quest ion
mar k hangs over the film
stoc k impregna ted with silver
halides and othe r che mica ls.
Will fut ure processes be
Carta
Shiger u Ban creates
st ruct ures with cardboard
and succe eds in elevat ing
th is humb le materi al to a
new aest hetic level. His us e
of ca rdboar d tub es in
project s as diverse as
furnit ure , temporary
hou sing for refuge es and
buildings for communities
reveals su perb
understa nding of the
capabilities of the material.
devised to dissol ve and
separate the con stituents?
In the meantime the screen
represents an ingenious way
of storing t he non-recyclable
component.
/
j am DesignU{
37
Communications, UK
0
jam DesignU{
37
Communications, UK

Aluminium, aldjilm 295,

stock
34
1

Recycledmolerials
3
2
7
Cart a is a ran ge offurnit ure
that makes minimal use of low-
embodied-energy materials.
/
Shigeru Bon,jopan
3
04
0
Coppellini SpA, Iloly
3'4

Cardboard 288-9

Renewable materials
327
Economyofmaterials
usage
Recyclable
"
s:::
:3
;:;:
s:::
....
CD
:...

Herz
Miscellaneous
Steel reinforcing rods ,
si milar to those used in
construction wit h concrete,
are welded and bolted into
a simple frame to which a
moulded leather
breastplate is attached,
providing a funct ional ,
minimali st coat stan d. The
materials used are easily
recycled and the design is
bot h aest hetically pleasing
and durable.
/
AnthologieQuortett,
3 4
Germany
.,
Robert AWettstein,
3
26
Germany

Leother, steel 285,

295

Recyclableand 3
2
7-9
compostablematerials
Economyof materials
usage
Lowenergy
manufacturing
/
Bdr Knell, Germany
3
0
4
.,
One-off

Plastics, plastic-coated 283,

papers
295

Encouragesrecycling
327,
Low-energy
3
2
9
manufacturingvia
'self-assembly' using
locallysourced
materials
Transparent plastic
cush ions are stuffed with
discarded sweet and food
wrappings, offering a
graph ic reminder tha t
'We are what we eat'!
Frontal
extend ed its usefulness
by creat ing a universal
corn er joint t hat locks any
two or more equa l-sized
com ponents, open ing up
op port unit ies in furniture
and product manufact uring
and t imber-frame
const ruct ion.
Fasal corner joint
Fasal is a new mater ial
consist ing of wood fibres,
cornmeal and natural
resins, which can be read ily
moulded or sprayed. It
provides an alternat ive to
non-renewable materials
such as plastic polymers.
Jacqueline Andringa has
/
JacquelineAndringa,
3
0
4
graduate student,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Fasal 278

Renewableand
327,
compostablematerial
3
29
Universaljointing
system
Miscellaneous
Hulsta 'Muvado' range
Germany is undoubtedly
one of the 'greenest'
consumer markets in
the European Union and
Hulsta is a significant
manufacturer of domest ic
and officefurniture with
a proven commitment
to environmental
performance. It was one
of the first compan ies
to register to the quality
assurance standard,
ISO901, and its entire
product ion is certified
under the Blue Angel
eco-Iabel scheme. In
collaboration with Danzer,
a leading veneer company,
Hulsta initiated the 'veneer
passport ' guaranteeing that
it does not originate from a
tropical rainforest. Only
four of their current ranges

offurniture use solid wood,

again not sourced from
rainforests. Particleboard
or MDFis the primary
material. In-house
designers apply lifecycle
analysis to extend the
projected lifespan of
products, of which most
are already expected to last
between thirtyand forty
years.
/
Hulsta. Germany
3
18
0
Hiilsta, Germany
3
18

Veneers, salidwood, 278-80

particleboard

Renewable materials
3
2
7
BlueAngeleco-label
Corporate
environmental vision
andpolicy
Spiga
Mimickingan ear of corn,
this lightweight coat
rack, made of seven thin,
wave-shaped, plywood
cutouts attached to a
metal-rodframe, is an ideal
resting place for coats,
hats, umbrellas, bags,
newspapers and more
throughout its ent ire
length.
/
Ubald Klug, France
3
08
0
Rothlisberger,
3
2
3
Switzerland

Plywood,metal 295.
339

Economyof materials 327,
usage
329
Multifunctional
-
Good Morning
Miss Moneypenny
Not all waste newspapers
and magazines need to be
manhandled down to the
nearest local aut hority
recyclingpoint. Save those
special editions and insert
them into a specially cut
polypropylene tube to create
an eclectic, customized
hat and coat stand. EI
Ultimo Grito wittilycreate
a valid green design by
combining recycledand
recyclablematerials
with self-assembly. They
revitalize the ' Heath
Robinson' approach to
invention and elevate
recycling to a newart form.
Tired with the current look?
Simplyexchange the old
papers with fresh, up-to-
date material.
/
EIUltimoGrito, Spain
3
06
.,
EJUltimoGrito, UK 306

Newsprint
34
'

Reuseof domesticwaste
327,
Low-energy
3
28
constructianandself
assembly
Miscellaneous
HutAb
Aluminium fixings allow
simple machined pieces of
ash wood to articulate
around a pivot to provide a
multifunctional clothes and
hat stand, drying rack or
structure for suspending
house plants. Low-energy
requirements during
production make this an
efficientdesign at lowcost.
/
KonstantinGreic,
307
Germany
.,
NilsHolgerMoormann,
3
21
Germany

Ashwood, aluminium 295,

339

Multifunctionaldesign 327,
Renewableand
3
29
recyclablematerials
Low-energy
manufacturing

"T1
C
:3
2-.
iil
Miscellaneous
Screen
A slende r metal frame
support s a web of
interwoven plast ic st ring.
This lightweight sc reen can
be fabricated from virgin or
recycled mat erials, doesn' t
requi re special ist machinery
to const ruct and is easily
disma nt led at the end of its
life, when t he materials can
be salvaged. Fabrication can
ea si ly be ada pte d to suit
locally available materials .
/
FemandoandHumberto
35
Campana, Brazil
0
One-oJflimitedbatch
production

Metal,plasticstring 28
3.
295
(}
Economyof materials
327
usage
---
Miscellaneous
Screens, various
furniture
Des igner-maker Jason
Griffit h goe s by the
vene rable title of
' underwoods man' .
The ancient craft of the
unde rwoodsman ca n be
traced back five tho usa nd
years in Europe. Using a
wide var iety of timber ta ken
from nat ive or natur alized
coppice d t ree s (t hose
deliberate ly cut to cause
mu ltistems) . he fas hion s
everything from hazel
hurdles or screens to
ta bles, benches and chairs.
The output of the
underwoods ma n is
sust ainab le thanks to low-
energy product ion
techn iques based on
manual labou r an d locally
sourced wood as well as
encouragement of the
system of cop picing , which
helps maintain biod iversity.
/
Jason Griffiths, UK
37
0
One.offsandsmall
batl:h production

Coppiced woodofoak,
339.
ash, yew, sycamore,
34
1
lime. alder. hazel.birch,
willow, sweet chestnut
()
Renewable resources
3
27.
Encourages 328 ,
conservationand
33
biodiversity
Low-energyproduction
:...
Portable double bed
Anyone who has moved
hous e knows tha t the
most cum bersome item
is the double bed. Not so
for t his superb example.
an enti re dou ble bed that
can be neatly ca rried in
its own su itcase. Bucking
t he t rend for se lf-
as sembly furn iture to be
flat . stylist icallydrab and
infuriat ingly difficult to
/
PeterSteinmannand
3
10
Herbert 5chmid,
5witzerland
0
AtelierAlinea,
3
12
5witzerland

Beechwood, plywood. 28
3
steel.rubber
339
()
Portable, self-assembly
3
27
.
furniture
3
28
Economyof materials
usage
as semble, Steinmann
and Schmid have devised
a con struction syste m
that is not only rapid to
assemble but also
visually appea ling.
@
Coral, Polyp, Spores
Moerel demonst rates the
flexibility and hence the
beauty of her raw material
in this series of designs,
which are inspired bythe
same basic module, a
ceramic sphere. Coral and
Polyp are two variants for
unusua l pendant lights,
while Spores are individual
candleholders. Economyof
scale is possible if large-
scale production can utilize
different modular spheres
to make a range of
products.
/
Marre Moere/,
3
08
Netherlands/ USA
0
Smallbatchproduction

Clay
295
(}
Useofabundant
3
29,
materialsfromthe
34
0
geosphere
Durable
Bernini
Fabricated from Tyvek, a
HDPEfabric containing
25 per cent-recycled
content , this flouncy
chande lier illustrates the
drapability of plastic
fabrics. Water-based
adhesives and the use
of a single material
facilitate later recycling.
/
RuthMcDermott and
3
0
4.
Rina Bernabei, Australia
3
08
.,
One-off

Tyvek
3
01
(}
Portreeyclatefobric
3
27
Reeyclable
q.
lORAaward, 1996
33
2
\
-
Quentin
The designers were
inspired bythe complex
forms offolded cardboard
packaging and utilitarian
products such as egg
boxes. Working in
collaboration with a local
Glaswegian manufacturer,
theysought to create a
product utilizing pulp from
recyclednewsprint and
paper-mill waste. An
individual shade comprises
two identical but mirror-
image halves. which are
formed in a mould where
the pulp is vacuum-
drawn. These innovative
lampshades are semi-
opaque, giving a unique
/
IanCardnuffand
3"
HamidvanKaten, VK'"
CPartnership, UK
0
Universal Pulp
325
Packaf(inf<, UK

Newsprint. paperwaste
34'
,}
Recycledandrecyclable
327,
materials
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing
light output. The
shades can be deployed
individually or in groups
to form customized
arrangements. At the
end of its useful life the
lampshade can be
repulped ready for its next
reincarnation. Potentially
this product can sit within
a closed recyclingloop,
ensuring maximum
reuse of paper fibre and
minimizingthe energy
required to remanufacture
the product.

Fish-lamp
Drilling holes in a standard
pendant lamp fitting
ena bles the brass
sus pension arms to
s upport the frosted glass
pane , which acts as a
diffus er for t he down-
lighting s pot light.
/
MikalaNaur, Denmark
3
0
9
0
Limitedbatch
production

Brass, glass 295

(}
Recyclable materials
3
27
Economyof materials
usage
Flirt
Flirt is a redesigned object
using a plast ic float mad e
for commercial fishing net s
to create a dramat ic
lamp shade with two
differe nt lighting zones - a
diffuse zone from the body
and a white cone from
benea th the sha de. An
alumini um ' hat ' is the on ly
specia lly made part.
/
SergioMacchiani, Italy 308
0
Prototype

Fishingflaats, 295,
aluminium
34
1
(}
Useaf readymades 327,
Lowenetgy
3
28
manufacturing
--
-
Lampshade
Interlocking moulded
forms of corn-starch
biopolymer fit toget her to
make this organic shaped
lamps hade. This prototype
avoids the use of
adhesives , is recyclable
and/or compostable and
demonstrates t he potential
of biopo lymers to replace
non-renewa ble plastics.
/
Brian Dougherty, USA
3
06
.,
Prototype

Corn-starchbiopolymer 282

Renewable.
33
compostable
biopolymer
Q.
/ORAaward, 1998
332
Lampshade
This reversible shade
perm its a choice of two
strong light ing direct ions
depend ing upon whether
the reflector is uppermost
(for down-light ing) or on
the unders ide (for up-
light ing) . This eloquent
desig n em bodies principles
of minimal ism and dual-
functionality, bot h of
which are very relevant to
designs wit h reduced
environmental loads.
/
Sebastian Bergne. UK
3
0
4
.,
RadiusGmbH.
3
22
Germany

Steel
295

Dualjunctiondesign
3
27.
Economyof materia/s
3
28
usage
Efficient use of a single
natural material creates a
lampshade with sculptural
characteristics, perm itt ing
shafts of light and a warm
glow to penetrate the semi-
opaque natural plywood
and creat ing a dramatic
light source.
/
JasperStartup, Startup
3
10
Design, UK
.,
StartupDesign, UK
3
10

Plywood
339
,}
Renewablesingle 32] ,
material
3
28
Economyofmaterials
usage
Low-energy
manufacturing
Milk-bottle light
Since t he early ' 990S
desi gners have responded
to the challenge to consider
their ethical res ponsibilit ies
to the environment. In the
Netherlands Tejo Remy
explored the issue using
discarded plas tic milk
bott les and in the UKJane
Atfield did the same with
her Re p2 cha irs using
recycled plastic sheeting.
As a consequence the
message - that modern
design must use recycled
materials - is eloquently
delivered.
/
Tej o Remy, Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
39
.,
Droog DesignjDMD, 306,
Netherlands
3
'
5

Discardedbottles
34'

Reuseof wastereadv-
32]
modes
--
Northern Fleet
chandelier
Shards of broken glass are
painstakingly ass embled
into a cascade oflight in
this unique chandel ier. The
jagged edges of t he glass
make an exciting contrast
with the sheer beauty of the
final form and the des ign
gently mocks at the cut -
glass chandeliers of grand
houses and public
buildings. Qua lity, one-off
de signs may enjoy long
lives, since they may attract
grea ter custodia l care than
run-of-t he-mill, mass-
produce d objects .
/
DeborahThomas, UK
3
10
.,
One-off

Glass, wire
295

Recycledmaterials
3
27
Loop
Dist ributed as a flat-pa ck
pendant shade or floor
light , the Loop, made of
polypropylene, simply
sn aps toget her.
/
RoySant, UK
3
10
., RoySant, UK
I 3
10
\

Polypropylene
34
'
Q
Lightweight, recyclable
3
2
9
single material
----------- - -- -- - -- -
Bogdan li ght
Whereverthere is a power
point let there be light!
With the 'sucker' feet on
the housing of this
minimalist portable light
you can attach it to any
/
Erik Espmark, Sweden
3
06
.,
Prototype

Plastics, copperwire, 28
3.
brass 295

Multifunctionalit y
3
29
smooth surface. Except for
the bulb holder, all other
parts are readily available
fr,om existing
manufacturers.
)
Cape light
The lightweight
polypropylene structure is
asse mbled bypushing
toget her the steel studs.
Aswivelling head permits
direct down-lighting for
home-offi ce working and
up-lighting for those
romantic domes tic
encounters.
/
StephenPhilips, UK
39
.,
StephenPhilips Design,
3
09
UK

Polypropylene, steel 295,

34
1

Dualfunctionallamp
328,
Lightweight materials
3
29
Low-embodied energy
oftramport

-
N
r
ciQ'

:3
----- ------------ - - - - - - - - - - --- ------- - -----.j(JQ
'ComeBack' series
Plastic packaging waste is
reinca rnated as a beauti ful
series of shades for t able,
standard and pendant
lamp s. The diversity of
colou r of the original waste
so urce is reflected in the
random, mosaic-like
arrangement in the
manu factur ed sheeti ng
that is the base material
for t he shades .
/
Bdr Knell, Germany
3
04
0
BoppLeuchtenGmbH, 3
1
3
Germany

HDPEwaste
34'

Kecyc'eamat eflQ
3
2
7

Flamp
This wood en-bas ed
table lamp is dipped in
phosph ore scent coati ng
so t hat it abso rbs the
energy from sunl ight and
reradiates it for up to
twenty mi nutes. An idea l
' emergency' light after
sun set.
/
Marti Guixt!, Spain 30]
0
Smallbatchproduction

Phosphorescentpaint, 286-]
wood 298
(}
Solar-powerednon-
3
2
9
electriclight
Clips
A simple stai nless-s teel
frame clips over a
discarded drinks can and
supports a polypropylene
shade. As your favourite
brand of dr ink changes you
can dispose of t he old one
(at a can bank) and insert a
can t hat held t he flavour of
the mo nth.
#
BernardVuarnesson,
3
11
France
0
Sculptures-jeux, France
3
2
3

Polypropylene, stainless 295.

steel
34'
(}
Encourages reuseof 32]
readv-mades
Reductioninmaterials
usage
Corkscrew/lamp
Compl ex messages
originate from t his seemly
simple design by Carl
Clerkin. The candle set
in t he wine bottle is given
a so phist icated t urn as
ready-made com ponents
are clipped together,
giving us a new look at
the phenomenon of
electricity. This design can
encompass t he whole
social s pect rum, from wine
buffs keen to impress wit h
t heir em pty vintage bottl es
to cash -poor students.
#
CarlClerkin, UK
3
0
5
0
Smallbatchproduction

Reusedwinebottle,
34
1
corkscrew, electrical
components
(}
Reusedandready- 32] .
madecomponents
3
28
Easilydisassembled
----
Table/floor lights
Recycled car dboar d may
ca rry a print message from
it s previous incarnation as
packaging) Reuse of
car dboard in a new context,
in this case a lamp, extends
the life of this otherwise
tran sient raw material ,
which is just waiting to be
recycled. In short, this lamp
is the temporary custodian
of t he cardboard, which has
its own life to be lived over
and ove r aga in.
/
Ksenkja[urinec, Grupa
37
Dizaj nera, Croatia
0
Prototype

Recycledcardboard
34
'

Recycledmaterials
3
2
7
ct.
lORAaward, 1997
33
2
Hand (to Hold)
This lamp generates
surreal mood lighting by
combining a familiar read y-
made, a rubbe r glove, wit h
a 4W lamp unit.
/
Anette Hermann,
37
Denmark
e
Frandsen Lyskilde,
3
17
Denmark

Latex.lamp 283,
34
1

Ready-made
3
27
component
Renewable material
Floor, Table andMiscellaneeus
hands of the right designer,
the fad that the materials
are obviou sly recycled is
lost in the beauty of the
overall design.
/
RolandSimmons, USA
3
10
.,
Inte1old, USA
3
18

Recycled paper
34
1

Recycledmaterials 32]
Q.
/ORAaward, 1995 33
2
Lumalight lamp
This family of free-standing
lights , made of recycled
paper, reveals that the use
of recycled materials doe s
not inhibit creativity. In the
/
[anne0 hre, Denmark
309
.,
MOD, Denmark
3
20

Plasticdiskcases,
34
'
aluminium profiles,
wires, bulbs

Low-voltagelighting 32] ,
Ready-made
329
components
LightWaliz
A room divider mad e up
of plastic flopp y-disk
cases on a low-voltage
(12V) wiring loo m
provides a unique display
for a range of semi-
transparent pictu res
and casts a patt ern of
sha dows and light.
o
o
a-
n;'
f-- ------ - - - - - ---- - - ---- ---j
1Il

r:

:J
(Jq
e-light
The e-light integrates a
number of techno logica l
improvements over
conventional desk
lamps. The lifetime of the
light ing filament is twenty
times grea ter than that of
an incandescent bulb
and two to t hree times
t hat of a fluorescent bulb
and uses one-fifteenth
as much mercury as t he
latter. Creating a light
s pect rum simi lar to
da ylight , it is five times
brighter tha n a t ungsten
bulb. As the e-Iight
produces neg ligible
t he rma l emissions, t he
need for heat-resist ant
materials is significant ly
reduced. Components
can be eas ily separated,
facilitating recycling and
reuse . Reversi ble joints
and compact des ign
provide flexible light ing
configurations and a
s mall footprint.
/
Artemide SpA, Italy
3
12
0
Artemide SpA, Italy
3
12

Syntheticpolymers, low- 296-7,

voltagelamp
34
1

Reduction inmaterials 327,
requiredin
3
28
manufacturing
Lowenergy
consumptionduring
use
Easilyrepairedand
disassembled
q.
DesignSense awards,
332
Shortlist, '9 99
Floor, Table andMiscellaneous
Obinjo
Cand les and paraffin lamps
were the port able light
so urces usurped by the
inventi on of elect ricity and
t he t ungst en bulb. Yet
electr icity tet hered lamps to
a fixed circuit and out put
sockets. So it is refreshing
to see t hat Frits Vink has
reintroduced us to the
bene fits of portable lamps.
Obinjo recharges itself on
a base connected to the
mains su pply and is
therefore completely
portable. With this we can
wander from room to room
without having to switch
on any fixed lights.
/
FriIsVink, Nelherlands
3
11
.,
Prototvp

Various

Portable, rechargeable,
3
2
9
multifunctionol
lighting
/
PaulTopen, Designedl o 306,
a 'I',UK
3
11
.,
Designed10a 'I' , UK 306

Sleel, plastic, electrical

34'
wiring

Reuseofreadv-made
3
2
7
components
Tube
The familiar fluorescent
light gets the minima list
t reatm ent from Christ ian
Deub er. As lender synthetic
tu be protect s the light with
steel - and rubber-footed
closures, allowing the light
to be placed wherever it is
required. The use of
fluorescent bulbs , in this
case S8W, which are much
more efficient user s of
energy t han incandescent
so urces , adds to the
versa tility of this product .
/
Christian Deuber, N2, 306,
Switzerland
3
0
9
.,
Palluco, Italy
32
1

Fluorescenl lighl, steel, 283,

rubber
34
1

Mullifunctionallighl 327,
Economy ofmaterials
32
8
usage
Lowenergy
consumption
Mini desk lamp
Good ideas are often
recycled, but the Mini
Desk Lamp actually goes
one st ep further by
reusing part of an iconic
desi gn of the late '9Sos,
British Leyland ' s Austin
Mini car designed by Alec
Issigonis. Original Aust in
Mini parts for the
dist inctive side lights are
reho used in a plast ic
body, fitted wit h an
automatic on/off t ilt
switc h and painted in the
original body paintwor k
colours. The rebirth of a
mini Mini classic?
--
Floor, Table and Miscellaneotls
POg810/1OC, 11III C,
12/12C
In a clever ext rapolation
of scale, the table lamp
becomes a floor or
standard lamp. These
lightweight constructions
combine visual stimulation
and humour in an
economical design.
/
MarcelWanders, ) 11
Netherlands
e
Cappellini SpA, Italy ) 14

Wire, polymer 296-7

Economyof materials ) 27
usage
...
Pharos floor lamp
The designer has
succeeded in transforming
a garden cane with a
cylindrical papyrus shade
into an elegant, minimalist
standard lamp. Natural
variabilitywithin the
papyrus paper creates a
range of unique textures
and light patterns,
mimickingthe spun-fibre
shades of the '95 0S.
/
JasperStartup,Startup
3
10
Design, UK
e
StartupDesign, UK )10

Bamboo, papyruspaper 28 1
(}
Renewable materials )27,
Low-energy )28
manufacturing
,- - f

PO/ 99
0 2C

D
Framin g the bulb not on ly
focuses the viewer on the
light source but also
provid es a protect ive
package during distri but ion
and reta iling.
/
Jeffrey Bernett, UK
3
04
.,
Cappellin;SpA, Italy
3
1
4
11
Cardboard, lampholder 288-9,
34
1
(}
Economyof materials
3
2
7
usage
Soft Box
Special clays are fashi oned
into dur able lightin g units.
Ceramics are tr aditi onally
used for bases for table
lamps but here the
material forms the base
and the shade.
/
Marre Moerel,
3
08
Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Earthenware, porcelain
295
(}
Abundant, inorganic
327
materials
/
WojtekStachowicz,
3' 0
USA
0
One-offs, smallbatch
production

Recycled HOPE
34'
(}
Recycled materials
327
Q.
/ORAaward, ' 995
33
2
/
NeilWilson, UK
3"
.,
Lampholder2000pIc,
3'9
UK

Polypropylene, paper,
34'
wood
,}
Multifunctionaltaskor
3
29
moodlighting
floor lamp. This is proof
that the use of recyclates
does not limit or stifle
design. Indeed, it can be
argued that the constraint
of using onlyrecyclates can
generate creativity.
SailbuoyCanvas
Four coloured filters can be
fitted to the polypropylene-
paper laminate shade to
alter lighting mood. A
wooden base is fitted with
a lampholder for a lO-watt
compact fluorescent lamp
(CFL) , ensuring low energy
consumption and heat
outp ut.
Tablelamps
Inexpensive extruded t ubes
of 100 per cent-recycled
HDPEare cleverly
juxtaposed with another
extruded component to
produce an eas ily
asse mbled and att ractive
Post It lamp
Astrong cardboard tube
with plastic end caps
arrives through the post ,
the contents are extracted
and within minutes it is
asse mbled into a compact
but functional table light.
While not particularly
robust , the Post It Lamp
minimizes transport
emissions and costs, as the
packaging is used to form
the lamp base. This is a
neat idea that can be
extended to other des ign
applications.
/
2pm Limited, UK
3' 2
0
zpm Limited, UK
3' 2

Cardboard, plastic,
34
1
paper,electrical
comoonents
(}
Economyofmaterials 327 ,
usage
3
28
Reductioninenergy of
transportandassembly
--
l
Floor, Table andMiscellaneous
The Eyeof the Peacock
Plasticbottles are shredded
and reconst ituted to form
a fascinating melange
of colour and texture,
the original bott le tops
and sealing rings further
enhancingthe texture and
varietyofthis wall panel.
Illuminated from behind
withfluorescent lighting,
this wallpanel illustrates
the capacityof new
materialsto create a
visual stimulus.
/
Bdr+Knell, Germany
3
0
4
)
One.off

HDPEand LOPEbottles
34
1
(}
Recycledmaterials
3
27
Table/floor lights
Precision laser-cut Trupan
MDFis combined with
paper and steel rods with
birch ball feet to create an
intriguing form, which
exposes all the unfinished
raw materials. Economic al
use of natural coloured
materials illust rates the
ability of such products to
compete with more
established lighting
designs.
/
BurgesZbryk, E+Z 306,
Design,USA
3
11
)
E+Z Design, USA
3
06

MDF, paper, steel, 295,

birchwood
339
(}
Renewableand
3
27
recyclablematerials
q.
lORAaward, 1997
33
2
-
Table lamp
This little lamp
recontextualizes banal,
everyday objects such as
cutlery into a new,
revitalize d, sc ulpt ural form.
Exam ining the pot enti al
uses of existi ng prod ucts
has its rewar ds .
/
StichtingArt Depot,
3
10
Netherlands
.,
Smallbatchproduction
..
Reusedcutlery
34'

Reusedobjects
327,
Reducedenergyoj
3
28
manuJacturing
Q.
lORAaward, 1997
332
Lightcolumns
Plast ic pac kaging waste
offers a won derful palette
of colour s and gra phical
shapes whe n recycled and
recon st ituted into thin ,
semi -opaqu e sheeting.
Suitabl e for one-off, small-
batch and high-volume
produc t ion, t hese lon g
cylinde rs of plast ic
recyclat e illumi nate d wit h
fluorescent lamps creat e
an eclect ic ran ge of
decorative light s.
/
Biir+Knell,Gennany
3
0
4
e
Oneoff

Discardedplastic
34'
packaging

Recycledmaterials
3
27
Viva
Borrowing from the Italian
tradition of using ready-
mades espoused byAchille
Castiglioni and others, the
designers took an existing
folding umbrella, called
Knirps, and converted it
into a quirky, amus ing,
folding light. Many other
products await a similar
process of reincarnation.
/
Manuel Ribeira
3
06
Bandeira deVianna,
Brazil,andFrancisco
Gomez Paz, Argentina,
DomusAcademy, Italy
.,
Pratotype

Reused umbrella
34
1

Reuseofexisting
3
27
product
Valvestem candlest ick
This product is the
culmination of researching
local sources of suitable
salvaged manufactured
components available in
sufficient quantities for
large-scale production.
The original design was
driven bythe availability
of a stockof valvestems
from diesel engines. Other
components were tested to
see if theywould fulfi l the
required functions of
holding the candle and
collecting wax. Valve lifter
springs proved particularly
effectiveas candleholders
and are easilycleaned of
excess wax bybending
the spring.
/
R+r SustainableDesign,
3
09
USA
.,
R+rSustainableDesign,
3
09
USA

Reusedvalvestemsand
34'
liftersprings

Reuse of redundant
3
27
manufactured
components
q.
lORAaward, ' 997
33
2
----
-
Powerglass"
Asandwich of cond uctive
material, which is
complet elytr ansp arent ,
is embedded between
layers of ordin ary glass .
Single or mu ltilaminate
conducti ve glass affords
different power-carrying
capacities, so thi s patented
technology can be used
a range of appli cations
for light ing, swit che s,
electronic displays and
so on, esp ecially for low-
voltage appli cat ions.
/
Gla, Platz, Germany
3
1
7
0
ClosPlatz. Germany
3
17

Transparent conductive
295
material, glass
Q
Transparentelectrical
3
29
conductor
Wall bracket
Stripped down to its bare
essentia ls, t his wall bracket
represents an eco nomical
de sign. The elect ronic
ballast and comp act
fluorescent lamp (CFL)
holder sit on a simple
presse d-me t al bracket to
which a curved sheet of
polypropylene is atta ched.

Lompholder2000 pIc,
3
19
UK
.,
Lompholder2000 pic,
3
19
UK

Metol, polypropylene 295,

34
'

Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
29
Lowenergylighting

Delight
This decorative wall panel
doubles up as a wall lamp.
The se ductive ambience of
the light is provided by t he
coloured shade of silicon.
Individua l un it s can be
paired to create dist inct ive
floor lam ps.

Adrien Gardere, France
3
06
e
LigneRoset, France
3
19
.-
Silicon, electronics,
34
1

lamp

Multifunctiona/ity
329
o
o
e:r
Iii '

1Il

r
s:
::s
OQ
---
Helmut
This tough, colourful
outdoor lamp reveals it s
origins from the different
colou red fract ion s of HDPE
recycled plastics that are
recon stit uted in this
inte rest ing de sign, which
shows off the ir innate
character istics to
ma ximum effect .
/
Bar+ Knell, Germany
3
0
4
0
Bopp Leuchten GmbH,
3
1
3
Germany

Recycledplastic 283,
295

Recycledcontent 32]
Moonlight MFL
A robust, weatherproof,
semi-t ranslucent,
polyethylene material is
moulded in four sizes and
fitted with different sockets
to ena ble t he low-watt age
lamps (5-23watt s) to be
fixed into the ea rth or used
on hard surfa ces . Feel a
mood swing com ing on?
Simpl y cha nge the
coloured bulb filter,
choos ing from up to 250
colours. Moonl ight MFLis
a versat ile, low-energy,
'mood and colour' ,
indoor{outdoor lighting
system.
I)
Moonlight
3
20
Aussenleuchten,
Germany
Ie
Moonlight
3
20
Aussenleuchten,
Germany
II
Polyethylene
34
1

Multifunctional
3
2
9
lighting
Lowenergy
consumption
Outdoor light
Plastic recyclatefeedstock
was worked by rotational
moulding to create a
tough, translucent, granite-
like textured shade. Special
fittings were developed to
take advantage of the
energy savings of compact
fluorescent light bulbs.
Pod Lens
Most lighting is static,
irredeemably rooted to the
electric cabling built into the
fabric of the building. Pod
Lens is a modular system of
a polycarbonate pod unit
with bulb and flex and a
series of bases for standard
or floor lighting. For indoor
or outdoor use, the'pods
provide for flexibleand
decorative lighting at the
whim of the user.
/
RossLovegrave, UK
3
08
.,
Luceplan, Italy
3
20

Polycarbonates, 296-7
electri calcomponents

Multifunctional
3
29
lighting system
Upgradabilityand
repairability
/
Meta Moif, Inc., USA 320
.,
Meta Moif, Inc., USA 320

Recycledplastic,
34'
aluminiumscrap, regard
steel

Recycledmaterials 327,
Low-energylighting
3
29
system
4
lORAaward, 1997
33
2
Solar Bud
Aphotovoltaic panel
generates energy from
sunlight, stores it in a
battery and releases it to
three low-voltage, red
LEDs, all in a self-
contained unit, which is
placed in the desired
position by pushing it
into the soil or other
suitable medium. Ideal
for garden decorative or
safety lighting, the Solar
Budwould also be at
home in the window box
of an urban bedsitter.
/
Ross Lovegrave, UK 38
e
Luceplan, Italy 320

Metals, photovoltaics 295

andlightemittingdiodes
(LEDs)

Solar-poweredlighting 3
29
Very low-energyLED
bulbs
--
Tsola
Most outdoor, solar-
powered lights are above-
ground installations,
which makes them
vulnerable to the
elements, accidental
damage and vandalism.
Tsola is designed to be
installed flush with the
ground and can be walked
or driven upon without
damage. This low-
maintenance light is
equipped with a timer
that automatically
switches the light off
in extended hours of
darkness to conserve
the stored energy in the
battery.
/
SuttonVaneAssociates,
324
UK
0
Sutton VaneAssociates,
324
UK

Photovoltaic,. heavy.
295
dutygloss, ' tainless
stee', bOllery
(}
Solarpower
329
Outdoor light
Proving that form and
function are not
compromised byusing
recyclates, this outdoor
light fitting is made from
60 per cent-recycled glass
blast ing beads. Its
curvaceous form reveals an
inner glow suitable for
securityand decorative
outdoor lighting.
/
John M StOlon. USA
3
10
0
One-off

Recycledgloss
295
(}
Recycledmaterials
32]
Q.
lORAaward,1995
33
2
/
lainSinclairDesign, UK
3
18
.,
lainSinclairDesign, UK
3
18

Stainlesssteel
295

Economyof materials
3
27
usageandenergy
consumption
4
iFDesignAward. 20 0 0
33
2
Freeplay flashlight
Manufacturers of the
renowned Freeplaywind-up
radios have extended their
product range with this
hand-powered torch.
The design represents a
significant improvement on
the inexpensive but fairly
useless small torches
produced since the ' 970s,
in which squeezing a lever
by hand generates a feeble
and rather wobblylight.
Nowa fewminutes'
cranking produces a steady,
reliable light source without
the need to consume lots
of toxic batteries.
/
Freeplay EnergyEurope,
3
1
7
UK
e
FreeplayEnergyEurope,
3
1
7
UK

Plastics, rechargeable 296-7

battery, electronic
components
o
Human-poweredlight
3
29
Avoidanceof
hazardous
consumables
EON
Applications with LED
lighting technology
encourage economical use
of materials, none more so
than this credit card-sized
torch made of stainless
steel in a recyclable casing.
/
NissaEngineering,
3
21
Japan
.,
Nissa Engineering,
3
21
Japan

Polymers, electronic 296-7

components, dynamo

Renewableenergy
327,
source
3
28
Reduceswaste
(battery) production
Generating electricity by
using a hand-wound
generator is not a new idea.
The Russian army has
supp lied its conscripts with
a robust, hand-powered
torch since the ' 940S and
plastic-bodied, hand-
cranked torches have been
available since the 1970s.
But Nisso Engineering' s
design uses lighter,
modern materials to
improve the efficiency of
the design and possibly
make this an attractive
opt ion for powering other
hand-held electronics such
as mobile phones .
However, these hand-
cranked torches do not
permit anyenergystorage
in a batteryor in a wind-up
mechanism as featured in
Freeplay Energy's products.
Aladdin Power
---
Portable
/
HeddaBesse, IDEO
34,
Product Development
37 N
for BPSoiar
c:
International, UK
(JQ
4)
BPSolarInternational,
3
13 a::
UK
::J
(JQ

Photovoltaiccells,
34
1
po/ycarbonate,stainless
steel
(}
Solarpower
3
2
9
A photovolt aic panel
cha rges t he batt ery, which
can provide up to four
hours' light from one
charge. The lamp is robust
and portable and operates
in ext reme temperat ures.
SL-Torch
An 80 per cent reduct ion in
mat erials usage is achieved
by making the batt ery into
the handle in t his neat
torch design. Insert the
batt ery into a hou sing,
which holds t he bulb, and
twist to tu rn on the torch.
/
AntoineCohen, Les
35
Ateliers du Nord,
Switzerland
4)
Leclonche, Switzerland
3
19

Battery, bulb, plastic

34
1
(}
Reduction inmaterials
3
28
usage
Sol aris lant ern
Two hour s of sun provide
one hou r of light for t his
lant ern , which is capable of
function ing at -3'( (-20' F)
and alt itudes in excess of
7,000 metres (23,000 feet).
Fully cha rged, the NiMH
battery, which is free of
mercu ry, cad mium and
lead, will provide light for
six hours, but if t he batt ery
discharges go per ce nt of
its ca pacity a low-voltage
disconn ect is auto matically
t riggered. This saves
batt ery life and ens ures it
will last for up t o a
thousand recharges.
/
LightCorporation, USA
3'9
4)
LightCorporation, USA
3'9

Photovoltaics, plastics,
34'
NiMHbattery
(}
Renewable power
3
29
source
Avoidance of
hazardous substances
inthe battery
PHIUPS
c:-
EcotoneAmbiance
Sliml ine
As the process of shrinking
the compact fluorescent
lamp (CFL) continues,
Philips have developed a
matt-glass, candle-shaped
bulb with an E-14thread.
This encourages use of
CFLs in a wider range of
light fittings and so can
help save energy. Available
in 6W, 9W and ll W, the
lamps are manufactured
with a minimal amount of
mercury and lead and have
a projected lifespan of six
years or so.
/
Philips Lighting av,
3
09
Netherlands
0
Philips Lightingav,
3
09
Netherlands

Glass, metalsincluding
295
mercury andlead

Encouragingenergy
3
29
conservation
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
332
Award, 2000
Mini-LynxAmbience
Although this CFLlooks
like a conventional
incandescent bulb and is of
the same size, it uses 8 0
per cent less energy.
Making CFLs this size has
/
Sylvania Design Team,
3
10
UK
0
SLILighting. UK
3
2
4

Glass, elea ronicballast,

295
plastic

Lowenergy
3
29
consumption
been a considerable
challenge, since the
electronic ballast and
convoluted fluorescent
tubes produce bulbs that
often protrude beyond
conventional light fittings.
Sylvania have extended the
market reach by shrinking
a standard CFLinto the
recognizable shape of an
incandescent bulb and
offering the bulb in white
and, unusually, apricot
and rose.
Lampholder 2000
Compact fluorescent lamps
(CFLs) with standard
bayonet fixi ngs include
their own electronic ballast
to ' kick-start' the light.
Lampholder 200 0 is a light
fitting (in pendant, batten-
holder, flush-mounted
or down-light formats)
with an integral electronic
ballast suitable for
direct usage offour-pin-
connector CFLs. After three
changes of a four-pin CFLit
is more cost-effectivethan
the standard bayonet CFL
and reduces materials
usage in production.
/
Lampholder2000 pic,
3
19
UK
0
Lompholder200 0 pic,
3
19
UK

Various

Energy conservation
329
Reductionof materials
usage
..
Philips Ecotone
Ambiance
Although compact
fluorescent lamps consume
up to 80 per cent less
energy than incandescent
tungsten bulbs, the early
CFLdesigns included a U-
shaped tube, which often
protruded when used in
conventional fittings. Philips
have created a satisfying
compromise by reshaping
the CFLto conventional
lines and size, while still
accommodating the
electronic ballast in the
base. Bulbs to SW, gWor
llW outp ut are to the same
basic design. The only
downside of this energy-
effi cient story is that small
amounts of mercuryare
required to manufacture
each lamp.
/
Fons Boohmond Patrick 309,
vande voorde, Philips
3
11
UghtingBV,
Netherlands
., Philips Lighting BV,
39
Netherlands

Glass, plastics, 283,

electronics,mercury 295
(}
. Lowenergy
3
2
9
consumption
-Moreuniversalshape
[orstandardjittings
.Longlife
LEDDecorL ED
Li ght emitt ing diodes
(LEOs) operate on low
voltages and are very
efficient. Ledtronics offers
a range of standard Edison
base-fitting AClight bulbs
in pear, globular and spot
shapes . Abulb fitted with
17 LEOs provides full-
spectrum white light
equivalent to the
illumination provided by
a 2s-watt conventional'
tungsten bulb but
consumes only1.7 watts.
Typically these LEDbulbs
generate verylittle heat,
3.4BTUsfhr, compared
with 8SBTUsfhr for an
equivalent tungsten bulb.
Aside from offering huge
energysavings, LEOs last
up to ten times longer
than CFLsand 133 times
longer than tungsten
bulbs.
/
Ledtronics, USA
3
1
9
.,
Ledtronics, USA
3
19

LEOs, metal, glass

295
(}
Reductioninenergy
3
2
9
consumption
Extendedlifespan
Food Preparation
iChef
Induction technology
uses magnetic fields to
transfer heat from a wire
coil, generated by
electrical energy, into the
contents of a cooking
vessel. Almost 95 per
cent of t he electr ical
energy is convert ed into
heat , which is claimed to
be five t imes more
/
InducedEnergy, UK
3
18
0
InducedEnergy, UK
3
18

Metal, glass
295
(}
Improvedenergy
3
2
9
efficiency andsafety
Aga
Aga-Rayburn cookers are a
symbol of du rable, clas sic
design with over half a
million units su pplied to
the UKand exported
worldwide . 'Agas' , as they
are fondly known, have
been made near the iron-
making town ofTe lford,
Shrops hire, since the
beginning of t he Indust rial
Revolut ion. Indeed, the
Coalbrookda le foun dry,
which supplies castings
for the cooker, ma de
sections of the world's
first iron bridge in 1779
at Ironbr idge. Scrap and
pig iron are the raw
ingredients to create
the handmade cast iron
sections that form the
basic components of
the cooker. Poor -qua lity
cas ti ngs are simp ly
recycled. Originally a
solid-fuel cooker, t he
Aga-Rayburn has been
improved over the years
efficient than a gas ring
and significantly faster
than a conventional
elect ric hotplate. Glass is
used to se para te the wire
coil from t he cooking
pan or kettle but , as all
t he heat is t ransferred to
the vessel, t he glas s to p
remai ns coo l, providing
a safety adva nta ge ove r
conventional cookers.
Precise tem pe ratures
can be selected by us ing
a digital display .
to accept oil, natu ral or
propane gas or off-peak
electricity, and since the
'940S also ca n provide
domestic hot water and
central heat ing needs. Agas
are a coveted status symbol
in any domes t ic kitchen,
represent ing 'good middle-
class taste'. The re may be
more energy-efficient
designs on the market but
few can matc h the lifes pan
of an Aga, which, of course ,
can be refurbished and/or
reca st in the future .
/
DrGustafDalen,
Swedishphysicist, '92 05
0
AgoRayburn, UK
3
12

Cast;ron
295
(}
Recycledandrecyclable 327,
materials
3
29
Durability
Food Preparation
This slimline one- or two-
cup coffee maker com bines
aes thetic flair with Philips' s
high eco-stan dar ds. In-
line dr ip filters are easily
removed from the to p, the
product in stand-by mode
does not consume any
electr icityand all parts are
marked for recycling.
Cafe Duo HD 1740/ 42,
Cuci na Duo
/
Philips Design,
39
Netherlands
4)
PhilipsElectronics BV,
3
22
Netherlands

Metal, thermoplastic,
34
1
electricalcomponents

Energyefficient 328 ,
Designf ordisassembly
3
2
9
andrecycling
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
developing world who face
fuel wood shortages wit h
t he means to ster ilize water
and have hot food.
/
BernardKerrand Pejack
34
Campbell, USA
4)
SolarCookers
3
2
4
lntemationai, USA

Cardboard, reflectivef ail

34
1

Passivesolarpower
3
2
9
Solar cooker
Cardboard coated with a
specia l reflect ive surface
focuses the sun's energy
on to a dar k-colou red
cooking pot. In subt ropical
and t ropical regions it is
possible to save the
equivalent of 30 per cent of
the annual firewood
consumpt ion of a typical
household us ing this
cooker . This device
provides peop le in the
Food Preparation
Glass kett le, glass
toaster, microclimate
Stefano Mazzano,
director of des ign at
Philips Elect ronics,
coordinated a project
whose tas k was to
con sider the issue of
'an onymity in des ign' .
In the ultra -compet itive
mar ketpla ce for electronic
product s, often it is only
the brand name that
identifies t he produ ct,
alt hough companies
such as Apple Computers
have con sistently
demonstrated that eye-
catching aesthetics with
product performance will
always capt ure market
atte nt ion. Con su mer
surveys con ducted by
Philips indicat ed t hat
functionality is not the
only criterion on which
purchases are made.
Products are purc hased
because they reflect
so meth ing of the
consumer's personality.
This fact was well
established in the mid-
1990S and is catered for
by the Philips-Aless i
range of products dat ing
from that t ime on . The
challenge is sti ll to re-
engage consumers and
encourage them to re-
exami ne kitchen
applia nces . Philips see a
vita l combination of
enhanced funct iona lity,
greater application of
digital technology and
inclusion of more
' personality' into futur e
appliances. The Glass
Kettle, Glass Toaster and
Microclimate are
conceptual prototypes
that str ive to reflect thi s
new approach. The
challenge is st ill to re-
engage consumers and
encou rage the m to re-
examine kitche n
appliances.
/
Philips ElectronicsBV,
3
22
Netherlands
e
Conceptual prototypes

Glass, plastics,
295
electronics

Improvedenergy
3
2
9
performanceanduser
functionality
Potentialincreasein
longevity
--
Rondo
All components of th is
hand- held sprayer can be
separated for repa ir and
recycling. This facility also
means that customers ca n
choose the colour and
Karcher 670 M
This product incorporates
many des ign features
that will become
standard practice for
manufacturers who have a
responsible attitude to the
environment. Metal and
plastic components are
finish of the central 0.75-
litre-capacity [i .j-pint} ball.
An adjustable nozzle and
pump pres sur es up to 3
bar make this a funct ional
cleaning too l.
/
BE5T, Burofiir
3
04
Produktgestaltung.
Germany
0
Gloria-Werke, H.
3
17
5chulte-Frankenfeld,
Germany

Variouspolymers and 295-7

metals

Recyclable
327
components
discrete and easi ly
separated, the latter being
mainly ASS and PA, which
are recyclable. The
manufacturer guarantees
to take back the product
when its useful life is over.
The or iginal cardboard
packaging is kept to a
minimum, the manual is
printed on recycled paper
and the machine is virtually
maintenance-free.
/
Teams Design,
3
10
Germany
0
Alfred Karcher GmbH,
3
12
Germany

recyclable plastics. 295-7

metals

Designfor disassembly,
327.
maintenance-free
3
28
Manufacturertakes
33
0
bockproduct at endof
itslife
Minimal-packaging
efficiency
Cleaning
POLTI EcoiogicoAS81O
For those who suffe r from
asthma this vacuum
cleaner is a boon . Its wate r-
based filtration system
removes 99. 99 per cent of
dust up to 0-3 microns
includi ng pollen , dust-mite
faeces and cigarette smoke.
Paper bags are replaced
with a removable water
filter, which is emptied
after use and has an
approximate lifetime of six
months.
/
Polti,ltaly
3
22
0
Polti,ltaly
32
2

Various plastics, metals 295-7

Reduction inuseof
3
28.
consumables
3
29
Improved health
environment
Cleaning
Dyson Dual Cyclone
range
Hoover and other ma jor
manufacturers of vacuum
cleaners watched their
global market share
decrease as James Dyson 's
bagless version, using two
ultra-fast spinning
centrifugal chambers,
grabbed a significant
market share in the 1990S.
Unlike conventional
cleaners, in which suction
decreases as filters and
bags become full, the
cyclone syste m maintains
100 per cent suction and
the trou blesome task of
removing a full bag is
replaced with emptyi ng the
contents of t he ma in
chamber. The or iginal
Dyson Dua l Cyclone was
introduced to t he UKin
1986 but didn't find
commercial success until
1993, when the DC02
became the best-selling
upright cleaner. Dyson
Appliances now produce a
range of upr ight and
horizontal vacuum cleaners
and the cyclone system has
been establ ished worldwide
as other manufacturers
int roduced similar
machines to their existing
ranges. Today the principle
of centrifugal vacuum
design is well established,
eliminating the wastage of
vast quantities of paper
bags .
/
James Dysonand Dyson 306
Appliances, UK
.,
DysonAppliances, UK
3
1
5

Plastics, motor, electrics 283,

295

Avoidsuseof
3
27
consumables (paper
bags)
Improvedefficiency
withgreatere/eanliness
andhealth
Designforeasy
maintenance
POlTI Vaporetto 2400
Super-heated steam is an
effective agent in cleaning
and sterilizing carpets,
mattresses and upholstery,
which obviates the need to
use strong and/or toxic
chemical cleaners. Steam is
also a safer method than
insecticides of killing dust
mites and other insect s.
Tap wate r is heated in a
pressurized steel contain er
and dispersed via the out let
hose, which can be fitted '
with a range of brushes
and hose-ends.
/
Polti, Italy
32
2
e
Polti, Italy
3
22

Variousplastics, 283,
stainlesssteel 295

Reduction inuseof
3
27
consumables
Improvedhealth
environment
Oko-Lavarnat 86720**
Combine advanced rinse
technology (ART)
with Fuzzy-Logic
microprocessors in an
Oko-Lavarnat body and one
is close to defining one of
the world's most efficient
washing machines . Five kg
(11 Ib) of dirtycotton
laundrywashed at a 60C
(140 F) cyclerequire only
39 litres (8 gals) of water
and 0.89 kWh of electricity,
placing model 86720 in the
EU' s EnergyLabel highest-
efficiency'A' class and well
within the EU Eco-Iabel
thresholds. Water quantity,
wash temperature and
cycletime are controlled by
the microprocessor, which
can be upgraded as new
detergents and other
washing aids are
developed.
/
AEG, Germany
3
12
0
AEG, Germany
3
12

Steel, metals, rubber, 283,

electronics, motorand
295
pump

Energy andwater
3
29,
conservation
33
0
Cleaning
Titan
Ever thought of putting
your laundrybasket inside
your washing machine?
This is the solution
developed by Monotub
Indust ries, which designed
a laundrytub that is
inserted at an angle into
the machine. Water is
delivered from stainless-
steel jets embedded into
the walls of the tub, whose
load capacityis 40 per cent
higher than average
machines. With its wide-
openi ng door and push-
button control panel using
familiar symbols and
icons, the Titan meets
EU'A' ratings for wash
performance and energy
efficiency.
/
MonotubIndustries
3
20
withTKO Design and
Cocku<Hen, UK
0
Monotub Industries, UK
3
20

Polypropylene, steel, 295,

electronics
34
1

Highenergy andwater
329,
efficiency
33
0
Combinedlaundry
storageandwashing
system
Cleaning
system and large r than
average drum facilitat e
wash movement, ensu ring
that a Skg (11Ib) load takes
only 49 litres (io.Sgals) of
wate r.
/
Hoover Group, UK
3
18
4)
steel, plastics, electric 283,
pump and motor
295

Various
,}
Lowenergyand water
3
29.
consumption
330
Hoover Quattro
Whis per Easy Logic
mode lAliajo
In 1993 Hoover became the
first man ufacturer of
washing machines to be
awarded the EU Eco-label,
which sets t hres hold values
of 0.23kWh/kg for ene rgy
usage and 15litres of water
per kilogra m (l.s gais/l b) of
laund ry, with its New Wave
range of machin es. The
compa ny has stea dily built
on its repu tat ion for
efficient machines 'A' rated
und er the EU Energy Label.
The curr ent range includes
the Quattro Whisper Easy
Logic syst em, which uses
so und-abso rbing panel s
and improved sus pens ion
to redu ce op erat ional
noise. A Powerjet spray
o
~
0-
Iii '
~
1Il
Q'
r
s:
:J
OQ
Staber System 2 0 0 0
Bucking the t rend for
horizontal-axis-driven front-
loading was hing machines,
t he Staber Syst em 2000
offers a top-loaded
machine into which the
stainless-steel basket of
laundry is int roduced.
Energy-saving feat ures
include the use of a
var iable-s peed motor . Easy
acces s to the intern al
com ponents ca n be gai ned
by lifting t he front panel
and fitting a se lf-clea ning
filter, thus facilitating
ma intena nce. The
manufactu rers claim
reduced energy, water and
det ergent consumption.
/
Staberlndustries, USA
324
4)
StoberIndustries, USA
324

Stainlesssteel, steel, 284,

resinandvarious other 295
materials
~
Energyand water
33
conservation
Energyefficient to
EnergyStarguidelines
/
Planet, USA
32
2
.,
Planet, USA
3
2 2

Various

Low-voltagedevicef or
3
29
domesticrenewable-
energysystems
Planet DC
Cooling
This DC refrigerat or /
freeze r of O.33CU m (11 .6cu
ft) capacity, operates from
12Vor 24V an d can be
susta ined with any small,
domestic, rene wable -
energy syst em usin g deep-
cycle batteries, for
.exarnple, a photovolt aic
modu le capabl e of
ge ne rating 150W.
repa ir rem ai n to be seen
but an appliance with su ch
personality might just
receive a bit more car e and
attention from the owner.
The end-of-life scenario is
also important - will
Electr olux Zanu ssi be
t aking the se back?
/
Roberto Pezzetta,
309
Luciano Pesavento,
Zanussi Industrial
Design Centre, Italy
e
f /eetroluxZanussi, Italy
3' 5

Various

Improvedfunctionality
3
29
f nergyefficient
OZ23
Curvy lines and a ' rollerball'
foot to the doo r give better
access than con ventiona l
fridge -freezers to the cold
storage and freezer spa ces ,
which here have a cap acity
of 211litres (46 gallon s) .
Att ention to detail is
evident in th e use of' CFC-
free' isob utane R600A
coolant and cyclopentane
insu lation, which reduce
the imp act of harmful
aer ial emissions; in the
EU Energy Label 'A' rat ing
for appl iances; and in
the low noise level of the
compressor mot or , which
hum s along at a quiet
38dbA. Wheth er th is model
has greater longevity than
other current models and
is easy to main tain and
Cooling
/
Supercool AB, Sweden
3
24
(I
Supercool AB, Sweden
3
2
4

Thermoelectricmodule,
34
1
bismuthtelluride, plastic

Reducti oninenetgy
329,
consumption
34
0
Non-toxicrefrigeration
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
Using the alterrnative
'Greenfreeze' refrigerants,
Vestfrost remains the only
manufacturer in Europe
holding the EU Eco-Iabel
for this category of
appliances.
/
DavidLewis, UK
3
08
(I
Vestfrost, Denmark
3
25

Metal, plastics, rubber,

34'
electric motorand
compressor

Lowenetgy
327,
consumption
3
29
Clean production
Vestfrost BK350
Vestfrost is one of the
world's largest
manufacturers of
refrigerators and freezers
and took an early lead in
showing environmenta l
responsibilityby removing
all CFCsand HFCs from
its model range in ' 993.
system (l2V, Z4V)
consumes a modest lOW
to provide sufficient
cooling for a small hotel
minibar. Afurther
advantage is that the
mechanism operates
silently, unlikethe familiar
hum of conventional
coolant systems .
Supercool' "
Traditional refrigerant
manufacturing involves the
use of chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs, HCFCs) as coolants
but Supercool AS have
exploitedthe Peltier effect
of a doped bismuth
telluride thermocouple ,
which avoids using any of
the ozone-depleting gases .
Athermoelect ric panel
operated on a low-voltage
Supercool' box
Apanel of thermocouples
of doped bismut h telluride
is capable of pumping heat
and provides the cooling
for this transportable
refrigeration box suitable
for commercial or domestic
use at l2Vor 24V.
/
SupercoolAB, Sweden
3
2
4
(I
SupercoolAB, Sweden
324

Thermoelectricmodule,
34
'
bismuthtelluride, plastic

Reductioninenergy
329,
consumption
34
0
Non-toxicrefrigeration
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
Resembling a wilted flower,
the sta tionary fan comes to
life as the electric mot or
builds up speed and
centrifuga l forces unfu rl the
fabric 'blades '. Once fully
taut, the blades produce a
whorl of colour and generate
a wide-angle breeze. Unlike
conventional metal- or
plastic-bladed fans , the Soft
Fan requires no guard.
/
Paul Priestmanin
3
09
collaborationwiththe
Aeronautics
Department, Imperial
College, London, UK
0
Prototype

Fabric, plastic, electric 283,

motor 290-1

Reductioninmaterials
327
usage over
conventionaldesigns
Soft fan
/
JasperStartup, Startup
3
10
Design, UK
0
Getvasonl SpA, Italy
3
1
7

RattDn, steel, electrics 281,

295

Recyclableand 327,
composlablematerials
33
0
/
DannyGasser. Michael
3
06
Hart, BenSheperdand
QuisinhTran, Australia
0
Limitedbatch
production

Recycled PET
34
1

Recycledmaterials 327,
Reductioninenergy
3
29
consumption
q.
/ORAaward, '9 97 33
2
from an obj ect of cold
function alism to one
of playful character.
Most of the materials
can be recycled or
composted .
In the Indust rial Revolution
iron and steel usurped
natural materi als, so it is
refreshing to see the
process cleverly reversed in
t he housing of this electri c
fan, in which woven ratta n
replaces the con vent ional
pressed she et steel or
plast ic. At the sa me time
the fan is transformed
Wind
Sycamore fan
Inspiration for the form of
this mono-blade fan came
from the humble winged
seeds of the sycamo re tree .
This organic design uses
recycled PETto create a
lightwe ight blade that is
energy efficient and quiet.
Felt12 x12
Be your own fashion
des igner using
Fortunecookies' s felt
squares backed with
Velcro: assemble a
jacket, trousers , wedding
dress or any other
ga rment in your own
personal ized style.
Bored with the look?
Deconstruct your design
and sta rt aga in. Fashion
is placed back in t he
ha nds of the consumer.
tf
Fortunecookies,
3
06
Denmark
0
One.off, Fortunecookies,
3
06
Denmark

Felt, Velcro 301

(}
Moduforsyslemfor
32]
reuseof components
Renewable moten"ol
(fell)

TENCEL fashion
garments
Three internat ionally
renowned des igners
reveal the versa t ilityof a
manmade fibre usi ng
natural cellulose der ived
from managed forests .
TENCEL" is from renewable
resources and is
manufactured in a c1osed-
loop clean production
process. Wit h good
dra pa bility and a wide
choice of surface finishes
and weaves. TENCEL" fabr ics
offer the convenience and
feel of modern synthetics
and have a redu ced impact
on the environment. All
this is proof that today's
levels of comfort and
style can be mai ntai ned
without sacrificing t he
environment. TENCEL'" is
one of the modern success
st orie s of the global textile
industry.
Clothing
/
HussainChalayan,
3
0
4.
AmayaArzuaga,
3
0
5. -i>.
GaspardYurkievich,
3
09
.
-l
'"
PretaPorter 11
; .
0
Various
iil
Vl
TENCELo
III

291 ::l
o,
Renewable,
.,.,
(}
327.
III
compostoble materials
Vl
33
::r
Cleaner production
o'
::l
10939 wedding dr es s
Hess Naturtextil ien
examined how the eco -
efficiency of a typical
wedd ing dress could be
improved, bearing in mind
the extravagance of using
such a dress for a single
day only. Their solution
is to make a dress using
40 per cent woven hem p
with 60 per cent silk
with an organic cotton
undergarment and lace.
Manufacturing processes
dramat ically red uce
che mical treatments and
wate r consu mpt ion. For
the first year of its life the
dress is lent to a se ries of
happ y brides, thereaft er it
is made available for
pur chase. Hydrocarbon
dry-cleaning repl aces the
traditional cocktai l of
volatile chemicals in
between loans . And with
luck the dress will be
further reused by the
bride's friends an d relatives
before being recycled via
textile reclaimers.
/
HessNaturtextilien
3
18
GmbH, Germany
.,
HessNaturtextilien
3
18
GmbH, Germany

Hemp, silk, cotton

29
1

Hire ratherthan
3
27,
ownership
3
28
Renewablematerials
Cleanproduction
4
Design Senseawards,
33
2
Shortlist, 1999
Levis Engineered Jeans
Jeans are firmly rooted in
popular culture an d have
bee n t he workwear
garment of choice for
millions over t he last
century. Cott on fibre has
bee n t he favoured raw
mat erial for all jeans
ma nufacturers but cotton
fab rics carry a significant
raft of environment al
burd ens from pesti cide
applicati ons and ot her toxic
agents used in the textile
production process . Today
Levi Strauss, one of the
world's largest clothing
manufactu rers, uses a
special nat ural cellulose-
based,low-environmental-
impact fibre called TENCEL
for its new line of Levis
Engineered Jeans .
New Nomads
Out of the Vision for the
Futur e project originat ed by
Philips in ' 997 emerged a
collection of seventy
prototype s including a
range of New Nomads
wearable clothing and
objects for the IT age. Cent ral
to the concept of being able
to wander around like a
nomad while remaining
connecte d to the information
superhighway was the need
to recharge equipment.
Hence a mult ipocketed
waistcoat becomes a
recharging station for han d-
held electronic equipment, as
an att ached so lar panel
sto res energy in slim,
lightweight batteries.
/
Philips Design,
3
0
9
Netherlands
0
Prototypes, Philips
3
0
9
Design, Netherlands

Varioustextiles,
29
'
electronics

Solar-powered
3
29
wearablegenerator
Reductionin battery
consumption
/
Levi Strauss. Inc., USA
3
19
0
LeviStrauss, Inc., USA
3
19

TENCELe
29
'

Renewable,
3
27
campostable materials
Cleanproduction
o
o
0-
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(:l.
III
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Clothing
Sensor sportswear
Toda y's fascina tions with
fashion and electronic
technology find a meeting
point in these prototype
garments by Philips
Des ign/Philips Research.
Street-cred den im is
embedded with an audio
system in Audio
Streetwear and in-flight
communications are
integrated into the stretch
woo l lmaginair-Airline
Workwear outfits for cabin
crew. Sensor Sportswear
includes electro nics to
monitor bod ily functions,
while snowboarde rs intent
on going off-piste ca n do
so in the knowledge that the
in-built global position ing
satell ite will stop t hem from
gett ing lost. Water and
electronics don 't generally
mix, so presumablythe
electronic elements can be
detached before the
clothing is consigned to the
laundry bin.
/
Philips Design/Philips
3
09
Research, Netherlands
.,
Protatype

Textiles, electronics 291

(}
Improvedfunctionality
3
29
Titsh irt
The scu lpt ura l designs of
the likes of Issey Miyake
are well known as a source
of ins pirat ion. So it is
refreshin g to see new t alent
exami ning the pot ential of
3-D techniques such as
knitt ing to create garme nts
that litera llyem brace the
female form. Perh aps t he
days of t he Wonde rbra are
numbered.
/
Marije Vogelzang,
3
11
graduatestudent 2000,
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
.,
Prototype

Yarn 290-1
(}
Exploringmore
3
29
comfortableclothing
Footwear
/
Daniel Ohlsson, Sweden
3
09
0
Smallbatchproduction

Felt, Velcro 301

(}
Coldfabrication 327,
Renewablematerial
3
28
Economyof materials
usage
Wool felt slippers
Asingle piece of thick, 100
per cent-wool felt is wrapped
around the foot and
fastened with Velcrotape to
form a comfortable slipper.
trees in the Amazon,
thereby helping to sustain
the forest and local
economy. Components
are fixed with water-based
rather than solvent-based
glues. Deep Ee is an
excellent example of
a business whose
existence is based on the
fundamental principle
of sustainability.
/
e e p ~ USA
3
1
5
0
e e p ~ USA
3
1
5

Leather, rubber 283,

28
5
(}
Materialsfrom
3
2
7
renewable resources
Supply-chain
management
Eurocomfort...withan
edgel' "
Deep Ee is a manufacturer
of casual footwear with
a policyof using
environmentally and
socially responsible
materials. Part of the
Brazil ia collection, Euro
comfort...with an edge!' ''
are durable slip-on casuals
made from Sustana"
leather and Nativa Rubber.
Sustana" leather is from
the organically raised cattle
of the Coleman ranch,
Colorado, and is tanned in
Wisconsin with low-toxicity,
trivalent chromium,
chorine-free, water-based
dyes and finishes and with
maximum recycling and
minimum effluent. Nativa
Rubber is produced from
latex harvested from wild
/
TheBodyShop, UK
3
13
0
The BodyShop, UK
3
13

Naturalails,
34
1
conditioners, soapsand
recyclable HOPE

Reusableand 327,
recyclablecontainers
33
0
Highnatural-content
ingredients
The Body Shop range
Since it s formation in the
1970 S t he ethos ofThe
Body Shop has been to
provide a holisti c, natural
approach to body care
and hygiene, with due
considerat ion to the
environmenta l, ethica l
and socia l responsi bilities
of the business. That
approach stil l drives what
has now become the
role model for an ethic al
international bus iness.
Encour aging recycling of
packaging materials, such
as the HOPE bott les used
for many formulat ions , is
an integral part of the day-
to-day business. Having
used up the prod uct, t he
user is encouraged to take
the bott le back either for
a refill or for recycling.
Product information is
generally printed direc tly on
to t he bottles to eliminate
the need for stick-on labels
and facilit ate recycling.
/
BREECollection GmbH
3
1
3
KG, Germany
0
BREECollectionGmbH
3
13
KG, Germany

Leather, cowhide 28
5

Renewablematerials 327,
Reductionof
32
8
productionwaste
q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
DOMIN0 4
Leather offcuts from hides
processed us ing natu ral
vegetable tannins are
cleverly cut and stitched
into new bags , the smooth
surface of the leather
con t rast ing with the texture
of t he cowhide. Fas hion
emerges from the
production waste strea m in
a modern ma keover of a
classic 1970S design.
Accessories
o
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-
LaVie Prolongee
There are two s ides to the
fashi on coin : the mass-
prod uced high-st reet
brands and the unique
one-offs or limited
editions. Trachsel' s work
exemplifies the craft-
based techniques. She
takes old magazine pages,
impregnates them with
sunflower oil and encloses
them in delicate organza
fabric. These handbags
exhibit a light touch in all
sen ses of t he word.
/
Sonja Trachsel,
3
10
Switzerland
0
Small batchproduction,
3
10
Sonja Trachsel,
Switzerland

Recycledmagazines,
34
1
sunfloweroil,organZQ

EconomyoJ.usageof 32]
recycledandnatural
materials
Accessories
The Inner Tube
In the UKover 70 per cent
of all inner tub es are
incinerated or dumped in
landfill sites . McDona gh
transforms this waste into
an eclectic fashion
statement. Evironmental
concern meets c1ubbers in
the twilight zone. This
design received a UK
Millennium Product award .
/
JulieMcDonagh, UK
3
08
0
The InnerTube, UK
3
18

Rubberfromconsumer 28
3
uses

Reuse of waste
3
2]
materials
Motorized Vehicles
CitymobilC,
In May 1998, at the annual
BMW Day ofTechnology,
the Citymob il C, was
announced as a new-
concept vehicle spec ially
designed to offer individu al
mobility in cities and
metropol itan areas. Single-
occupancy cars account for
almost 80 per cent of
urban journeys. The C1 ,
launched in April 2000,
provides an alternative for
urban car drivers who are
frustrated with congested
roads. Conscious of some
of the dr awbacks of two-
wheeled transport, BMW
have st riven to imp rove
safety stan da rds and
comfort. Crash bars and
fairings and a st iff frame ,
resis tan t to twist ing,
provide front -end collision
prot ection similar to that of
a sma ll car. An ABS opt ion
ensur es skid-free braking
and a un ique curved
windshield arches ove r the
driver, providing bett er
weather protection than
conventional motorscooters.
Fuel consumption is a
respectable 2.91/lOokm
(about 97mpg) and
em issions are reduced
by a t hree-way catalyt ic
converter. Can t he C1
ca pt ure a new audie nce
wit h it s lower road tax and
operati ng cos ts , reduced
fuel consu mption an d
lower em issio ns? .lhe big
question is whether the city
su its and tren dse tters will
be lured out of the comfort
of t hei r existi ng vehicles.
/
BMW, Germany
3
13
4)
BMW, Germany
3
13

Allayframe, rubber 28\ ,

wheels, various plastics-
34
1
some recyclable,
recvcled
(}
Reductioninfuel
329
consumptionand
emissions
Alternativemodeof
transport tosingle-
occupancy cars
q.
DesignSenseawards,
332
2000
-
Ecobasic
Ifany European
manufacturing company
understands the
requirements of the low-
cost, small-car market it is
Fiat. From the Topolino
and the Fiat 500 series in
the late 1940Sand early
'9SOS to the Panda and
Cinquecento in the 1980s
and ' 990s, Fiat has always
kept true to its vision of
economical products to
ens ure that the 'freedom of
the road' really reaches a
mass market. Ecobasic is
the prototype for a
production model capable
of yielding about 3Skmflitre
(i oompg) at a price of
[3.300. This minimalist
design incorporates a steel
frame to which coloured
plastic panels and a one-
piece polycarbonate
tailgate are fixed. A1.2-litre,
sixteen-valve, four-cyclinder
Fiat JTD turbodiesel engine
is coupled with a five-
speed manual gearbox.
Selection of the 'econ'
transmission mode
automatically cuts the
engine if the car is
stationary for more than
four seconds but the
engine restarts as soon
as the accelerator is
pressed. Fixed rear side
panels can be exchanged
for doors if a four-door
version is required.
Motot:ized Vehicles
/
FiatAuto, Italy
3
16
0
Prototype, Fiat Auto,
3
16
Italy

Steel, thermoplastics, 295,

variousothermaterials
34'

Reductionoffuel
3
29
consumption
Lightweight, modular
construction
o
o
0-
ro'

1I1
Q'
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Motorized Vehicles
EVl
Launched in December
'996, the EV, was General
Motors's first production
vehicle for non-commercial
use to be entirely powered
byan electric engine. It was
an attempt to deal with the
effects of state legislation
to reduce vehicle
emiss ions, such as the
1985Californianlaw
that set a 2 per cent sales
volume of zero-emission
cars by1998. Capable
of achievingi ookm/h
(62smph) in 9 seconds
from a standing start
and with a top speed of
129km/ h (82mph), the
EV, was no slouch, but
its performance was
constrained bythe S33kg
(l ,172Ib) of batteries
needed to move the
vehicle's mass of 817kg
(l ,797Ib). Fortunately
development s in battery
technologyhave ensured
that such power-to-weight
ratios are now a thing of
the past.
/
General Matars, USA
3
17
.,
GeneralMotors, USA
3
17

Various

Zeroemissions
329
(assuming itis
rechargedfrom a
renewableenergy
supply)
Insi ght
Claimed to be the world's
most efficient petrol-
powered car, the Insight
is actuallya hybrid
petrol/electric car featuring
Honda's Integrated Motor
Assist (IMA' "). The IMA
combines a high-efficiency
99SCC petrol engine with a
lOkW ultra-thin, in-line,
brushless DCelectric
motor to achieve about
30km/ litre (83mpg) and
Sogrn/krn (4.soz/mi le)
C02 emissions (less than
half the EU2000 limit).
Connecting directlyto the
crankshaft, the electric
motor draws power from a
zokg, 144Vnickel metal-
hydride batteryvia an
electronic Power Control
Unit (PCU) when the car is
accelerating, to provide
'Motor Assist' . This
improves power output
and low-speed torque.
During deceleration the
batteries are recharged, so
the car is independent of
external electricitysources.
Reduction in kerb weight,
which is just 83Skg
(1 ,837Ib), is achieved bya
lightweight aluminium
body (borrowingdesign
principles from the Honda
NSX sports car).
/
Honda,Japan
3
18
e
Honda.japan
3
18

Various

Fuel economy
3
29
Lightweight
construction
-
Daim ler Chrysler CCV
(Composite Concept
Vehicle)
Borrowing heavily from
the remarkable low-cost
design of the Citroen 2CV
(originally designed in
1949), the CCV project of
1997focused on the need
to produce an economical
car for the markets in
developing countries
where rough roads and
excessive loading regularly
make unusual demands
of passenger vehicles.
An injection-moulded
compos ite body is made of
two halves attached with
four bolts and adhesives to
a steel frame and requires
no painting. Production
times are thus reduced to
one-third or less of those
for conventiona l cars,
which are typically twenty
hours per car. Costs of the
Motorized Vehicles
PETare between 10 and 20
per cent of conventional
material costs and reduce
bodyweight to S4Skg
(l,200Ib) and permit
reasonable fuel economy,
about 18kmf litre (sompg),
for the small two-cylinder
engine.
/
DaimlerChrysler, USA
3
1
4
0
DaimlerChrysler, USA
3
'4
(workingprototvpe}

Mainbodypanels:
34
1
recyclable polyelhylene
terephthalate(PET)

Recyclableplaslicbody 328,
panels
329,
Reductioninuseof
33
0
materialsandenergy
duringproduction
Reductioninuseof
fossilfuels
Easilydismantled01
endof life
Ggo
Innovative weight-saving
and excellent aerodynamics
give fuel economy, which is
further improved bythe
three-cylinder ECOTEC
engine developed for the
Corsa by Vauxhall Motors
Ltdin the UK.
/
General Molars, USA, 3
'7
,
wilhVauxhall Molars
3
25
LId, UK
0
GeneralMolars, USA, 3
'
7,
wilhVauxhall Molars
3
25
LId, UK

Various

Improvedfuel
3
29
efficiency
ICVS (Intelligent
CommunityVehicle
System)
The real izatio n that
transport systems need
an urgent rethin k has
prompted indust ry,
government and academia
to examine so-called
intelligent tra nsport
systems (ITS). One of the
more advanced concepts is
Honda' s ICVS (Intelligent
Community Vehicle
System) , whose working
components are three
elect ric veh icles an d an
electric/manual bicycle,
which operate within a
defined geographical
area and under sha red
co mmunity usage. The
City Pal four-five-seat er
co mpact electr ic car is a
mu lti-user opt ion and t he
other vers ions are for a
single user.Two
personal electric vehicles ,
the 'Stepdeck' and the
'Monopal ' , offer short-
distance mobility suitable
for inner -city business
users, commuters and
shoppers. Finally, the
electric- ass isted bicycle,
'Racoon ' , is an all-purpose,
uti litarian mo de of
t ransport . In the ICVS
cars and bicycles funct ion
as compleme nt ary tools
in an urban ecosystem.
/
Hondo,Japon
3
18
.,
Prototype,

Various
34
~
Communityrather 328,
thanindividual
3
29
ownership
Reductioninair
emissionsfrom vehicles
Possibilityof powering
fromrenewableenergy
sources
= ~ - - - - T - - - - - - - - - - - - -
o
o
0-
Cii '
!=1.
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~
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--
Multipla and Multipla
Hybrid Power
The Multipla is capable of
carrying six passengers, in
an upright steel space frame.
Power unit options include a
dual-fuel, 1.6-litre, sixteen-
PZOOOHFC Prodigy
Ford unveiled the fuel-cell
technologyfor the hybrid
hydrogen-fuelled electric
Prodigyfamily sedan at the
Geneva Motor Show in
' 999. In a joint programme
with Ballard Power Systems
and Daimler ChryslerAG,
Ford has developed an
advanced power unit that is
capable of delivering 7SkW
(lOOPS) from four hundred
hydrogen cells in a three-
stack Proton Exchange
Membrane (PEM)
weighing172kg.(378Ib). An
additional 9lkg (zoolb) is
added bythe electric
induction motor, which
delivers '20PS. An on-
board capacity of i .akg
(3Ib) of hydrogen gives a
range of around l 60km
(993 miles) with a
combined Urban/Highway
EPA-cycle fuel economy
equivalent to 28.skm/ litre
valve, four-cylinder engine
capable of using petrol or
methane. Methane is a clean
fuel free from benzene and
particles and gives a
(80mpg) of petrol. With a
total kerb-weight Of l ,S' 4kg
(3.330Ib). acceleration is
about '4 seconds from 0 to
i ookrn/h (62mph) with a
top speed of 14Skm/ h
(9lmph) . These HFCcars
are now being tested in a
three-year programme in
California. Other variants
of the P2000 range include
reduction of 2Sper cent in
carbon dioxide in the
exhaust emissions. Further
reductions are achieved in
the Multipla Hybrid by
a lightweight version being
developed at the Ford
Forschungszent rum
Aachen (FFA) in Germany.
Weighing just 900kg
(1,98olb) and powered by
an experirnental t.z-litre
DiATA compression-
ignition, direct-injection
engine, fuel consumpti on
is zfi .zkm/ lit re (74mpg).
Motorized Vehicles
combining a petrol engine
with electric motor system.
In hybrid operating mode
6.8 litres (l.sgals) offuel
plus 3kWhare cons umed
per iookm and in electric
mode power consumption
is about 30kWh per i ookm
(62 miles). The car produces
about half the emiss ions of
a conventional petrol-
engined version.
/
Fiat, Italy
3
16
0
Fiat, Italy
3
16

Steel, compositepanels 295

,}
Reductionin 3
2
9,
greenhouse-gas
34
0
emissions
Reductioninair
pollution
MultifUnctional
passengerrangebetter
thanaveragecar
/
Ford
3
16
USA
.-
0
Ford MotorCompany,
3
16
USA
.-
Various

Zerohydrocarbon
3
29
emissionsfromfuel
cells
Fueleconomy
Priu s
In October rqqz Toyota
became the first major
global car manufacturer to
launch a mass-produced
hybrid power system
permitting continuous
variable combinat ion of a
petrol internal-combust ion
engine and 43-kilowatt
elect ric motor. Toyota's
commitment to cleaner
technologies and
environmentally improved
products was outlined in a
twenty-page supplement
that appeared in the
November 1997 issue of
Time magazine. So, has
Toyota lived up to
expectations?To date over
ten thousand units have
been sold in Japan and the
vehicle is now being sold in
North America and Europe.
Toyota opted for a parallel
hybrid system (THS or
Toyota HybridSystem),
alternating between petrol
and electric power, as
opposed to a series hybrid
system in which the drive is
provided by an electric
motor and the (petrol)
engine is used onlyto
generate electricity. THS
provides the most effici ent
combination of the two
power sources according
to the drive pattern. If
the car starts out at low
speed the elect ric motor
operates, but during
normal driving t he petrol
engine predominates. On
acceleration the motor and
engine worktogether and
on braking or deceleration
the kinetic energy is used
to produce electricity,
which is stored in high-
performance NiMH
batteries. THS provides a
fuel effi ciencyof 28kmflitre
(90mpg; Japanese 10-15
Test Mode), which is
double that of a Toyota
Carina with automatic
transmission. Emissions of
C02 are cut by 50 per cent
and CO, HCand NOxare
reduced to 14, 8 and 12 per
cent respectively. The heart
of these environmental
gains is the Atkinson-cycle
engine coupled with a
permanent-magnet motor
and generator. Combustion
effici encyis improved with
Variable Valve Timing-
Intelligent (VVT- I)
technologyand a high
expansion ratio to improve
power conversion from
expansion to the drive
train. Recycled and
recyclable materials,
especiallythe easily
recycled Toyota Super
Olefin Polymer (TSOP) ,
are used for bumpers,
dashboard, pillar and other
interior trim. Overall body
weight has been reduced,
window glass reduces
incoming UVwavelengths
and cuts down solar
heating and end-of-life
dismantling has been
facilitated wherever
possible.
/
Toyota.japan
3
2
5
0
Toyota,Japan
325

Various
(}
Reductionof fuel 327,
consumption
329
Improved useof
recycled materialsand
disassembly
Motorized Vehicles
/
Corbin Molars . USA
3
1
4
0
CorbinMotors, USA
3
1
4

Various
~
Zeroemissions when
329
usingrenewableenergy
supplies
Weatherproof, one-
personcommuter
transport
the electric al ene rgy. A
full charge gives a range
of 96 kilometres (60
miles) at a cost of about
50 pence, making it
extremel y economical.
With side-door access
and full weat her
protection , the Sparr ow
might tempt people who
are unwilling to venture
out on a motor scooter or
motorcycle. When it is
being charged up,
howeve r, it has to be
remembered that the
vehicle is onlyas green as
t he mains electricity
supplyto which it is
connec ted.
----- - - - - ---- --- --- - -1 v,
-i
OJ
:::l
VI
""0
o
;:+
consider this new one -
seater elect ric car . With
body styling remi nisce nt of
t he ' bubble' cars of the
1960s, t he Sparrow can
achieve s peeds of up to
11 2km{h (70m ph) from the
t hirtee n batt eries tha t store
Sparrow
Those who recall the
infamo us C5 electr ic ca r
designed by Sir Clive
Sinclair in the ea rly 19805
in the UK, regar ded by
man y as a liability in fast-
moving t raffic, might just
Smart Car
In October 1998 the Smart
Car, jointly developed by
the Ger man manufact urer
Daimler-Benz and
Swatch, the renowned
man ufact urer of colourful
modern watc hes , passed
prolonged safety tests
and was launched in the
European market. This
super-compact car looks as
t hough it has been dr iven
st raight out of the pages
of a comic str ip. Measuring
a me re 2.5m (8ft zin},
it is half t he lengt h of a
standa rd car (reducing
materials cons umpt ion)
and uses one-thi rd less
pet rol (on average
zrkrn/ Iit re, or 60 mpg)
than its ma rket rivals, the
Ford Ka and Volkswagen
Polo. Althou gh the car
is designed as an urban
runabout , the tu rbo-
charged pet rol engine
provides rapid accele ration
(60km{h, or 37.5mph, in six
to seven seconds) and a
to p speed of 130 km{h
(82mph) to meet t he high
expectat ions oftoday's
mot orist s. The occupants
are protected by a strong
monocoque steel frame
and there is a range of
modular panels and
interior elements allowing
pe rsonal customization,
cater ing for changing
fas hions and facilita ting
rep air. This could herald
an important development
in the car industry in
which interchangeable
com ponents contri bute to
extending the lifespan of a
vehicle.
/
DaimlerCh'Ysler,
3' 4
Germany
0
DaimlerCh'Ysler,
3'4
Germany

Various
~
ReductioninJuel
~
consumption
Improvementsin
upgrodobility and
repairability
......
TH!NKCity
Almost twentyfiveyears
elapsed between the time
this low-environmental-
impact car was conceived
and the time when a
production model
emerged. Stimulated
bythe energy crisis in
1973, Lars Ringdaland
Bakelittfabrikkenof Norway
examined the possibilityof
building a lightweight car
with plastic panels. For
nearlytwo decades the idea
languished before it was
revived by PIVCO (Personal
Independent Vehicle
Company) in 1990. The
first prototype, which
success fully joined an
aluminium frame with a
thermoplastic body,
emerged in 1992. By1998 a
model complyi ng with all
EU safetysta ndards rolled
off the production line at
PIVCO Industries AS. The
following year the Ford
Motor Company obtained a
majorityshareholding of
the company and it was
renamed THiNKNordic
AS. Production capacity
now stands at five
thousand vehicles per
annum. Designed for urban
users, the TH!NKCityis
powered bya three-phase
electric motor with an
outp ut of 27kW or 4Sbhp.
Rapid acceleration takes
the car from to sokm/h
(31 mph) in seven seconds
and gives it a top speed
of 90km/ h (s6mph).
Nineteen nickel cadmium
batteries provide a range of
85 kil ometres (53 miles)
when fully recharged over
eight hours from a
220Vsupply. Energyis
regenerated from braking
and when the car is going
downhill. Manufacturing
practices differ from the
usual assembly line. There
are ten production centres ,
and plastic panels clip and
clamp together with the
aluminium passenger shell,
which sits on the high-
strength steel frame. The
net result is a car that
requires only425 parts
compared with the
thousands typical of
conventional cars. This
facilitates end-of-life
disassembly and recycl ing.
In short, the THINKCity
embraces the benefits of
integrating Iifecycle
assessment into the
design and manufacturing
process and perhaps sets
a blueprint for small-car
manufacturers. As the
recentlyapproved End of
VehicleLife(EVL) Directive
comes into force in the EU
in 2005, requiring 90 per
cent of a car's components
to be recycled, THINK
NordicAS is moving in the
right direction.
/
TH!NKNordic
3
2
5
AS/Ford, Norway
e
THINKNordic
3
2
5
AS/Ford, Norway

Polyethylene. 295,
aluminium, steel
34
1

Zeroemissions (if
3
27'9
electricity isobtoined
fromrenewable
energy)
Lower-than-allerage
energyconsumption
duringmanufacturing
Highreeyclability of
componentsand
batteries
-
Triax
Three propulsion options
are availablefor this third-
generation electric vehicle:
all-wheel-drive electric, all-
wheel-drive hybrid electric
and two-wheel drive
internal combustion.
/
General Motors. USA
3
1
]
.,
General Motors, USA
31]

Various

improvedfUel
3
29
efficiency
Zeroemissionsoption
VW Lupo 3LTDI
In Berlin on 16 May2000 a
Volkswagen Lupo3LTDI
commenced a journeyto
circumnavigate the world.
It was fitted with a three-
cylinder,1.2-litre (1 /4-
gal)Turbo Direct Injection
(TDI ) engine and the
objective was to break
existing records by making
this the most fuel-effi cient
car to undertake this
challenge. Atotal of
S3,m km (33,333 miles)
was travelled in eightydays
across fivecontinents
at an average speed of
8s.6km/h (S3.Smph) at a
remarkably economical fuel
consumption of 2.38litres
per 100 kilometres (0.84
gallons per 100 miles).
Production models of the
Lupo achieve 2.99 Ii tres
per 100 kil ometres (1.0S
gallons per 100 miles)
under MVEGcycletests.
The designation '3L', for
'three-litre' , here refers to
its fuel economy rather
than to the more traditional
indication of engine size.
This economytranslates
into a thousand-kilometre
(62s-mile) journey on one
full tank of fuel and carbon-
dioxide emiss ion levels
below90g per kilometre
(S.10Z per mile). Anefficient
engine is complemented
with lightweight
construction materials,
especiallyaluminium, in
body, chass is and running
gear components. An
automated five-speed,
direct-shift gearbox and
automati c stop-start
system assist in
maximizing fuel economy.
The big quest ion is: why
can't all manufacturers
produce such fuel-efficient
compact cars?
/
VolkswagenAG,
3
26
Germany
.,
VolkswagenAG,
32
6
Germany

Various

- Significant reductionin
329
Juel use
Human-powered Vehicles
NECAR4
NECAR 4 (New Electric
Car) is based on a
Mercedes BenzA-class
compact car fitted with a
hydrogen-gas fuel cell
power unit that generates
electricityfor a 7Shp (SSkW)
motor and produces
water vapour as the only
emission. This zero-
emissions vehicle has
, range of 4sokm (280
miles) on a full tank of gas,
is capable of a top speed of
144kmjh (gomph) and can
take up to fivepasse ngers.
Improvements in fuel cell
efficiency by dbb Fuel Cell
Engines GmbH (a joint
subsidiaryof Daimler
Chrysler, Ballard Power
Systems and Ford Motor
Company) generate 30 per
cent more energythan the
same-sized system used in
the NECAR2 and yield an
increase of lS per cent
energydensity (amount of
energygenerated per unit
of weight) for the NECAR
4. This is another step
towards Daimler Chrysler's
target of marketing fuel cell
vehicles by 2004.
/
DaimlerChryslerAG
3
1
4
withdbbFuel Cell
EnginesGmbH,
Germany
.,
DaimlerChryslerAG,
3
1
4
Germany

Various

Zeroemissions
3
29
--
independence" 3000
iBOT'M
Conventiona l wheelchairs,
whos e des ign has largely
remained stati c for several
cent uries, offer on ly limited
mobility. IBOT en ables
disa bled people to navigate
rough , uneven surfaces,
to ' stand' up and to
climb /descen d st airs. This
is achieved by gyroscopic
articu lation s of the frame
and t hree sets of whee ls.
Human-powered Vel1icles
/
DEKAResearchand
37,
Development and
3
'5
Independence
Technology, USA
0
Prototype

Various

Improvedfunctionality
3
29
andmobilityf or
disabledaeonle
The Bamboo Bicycle
Bamboo is hand- worked ,
strengthened wit h wood
and interlocked with
carbon-fibre joints to form
the frame of the bicycle.
Block-dyed black chrome is
also used for parts of the
frame and the front forks .
Wheel rims are crafted
from beechwood, the
seat is leat her and
handlebar grips are of
cork. The proportion
of organic, renewable,
biodegradable materials
is sign ificant ly higher
t han in a convent ionally
manu factu red bicycle but
obta ining consistent ly
high-q uality bamb oo
supplies does pose
quality-assur ance issues.
Hybrid bike
/
Antoine Fritsch, France
3
06
0
Prototypef orHermes,
3
18
France

Bamboo, beechwood, 281,

cork, leather, block-dyed 285,
blackchromeandsteel
295

Increased usageof
327,
renewablematerials
3
28
Reduction inembodied
energy ofconstruction
Prest igious car
man ufacturers are
entering the fray in the
electric-assist bicycle
market. This offer from
Mercedes Benz provides
about 30km (18.75 miles)
of assisted t ravel on a full
battery charge , which take s
five and a half hours. Build
qua lity matches the brand
name, so we can expect
this bicycle to be durable.
/
DaimlerChryslerjapan
3
1
4
Holding,japan
0
DaimlerChryslerjapan
3
1
4
Holding.japan

Various

Electricandhuman
3
2
9
power
Zeroemissionsif
rechargedfrom
renewablepower
sources
-
Human-powered Vehicles
Del it e
Astandard frame fitted
with a range of modular
components can suit eithe r
touring or racing bicycles
or a hybrid. Suspension is
provided by front fork
dampers and a damped
rear sub-frame assembly.
/
neseundmullerGmbH,
3
2
3
Germany
0
rieseundmullerGmbH,
3
23
Germany

Various
(}
Modulardesign
3
29
Nexus cycle
Reinventi on of the bicycle
as 't he mountain bike'
in the late 1980s in
Californi a led to a global
resurgence of int erest in
recreati onal cycling. Can
t he hi-tech aerodyna mic
bicycle do the sa me
for those seeking an
alternative urban
tra nsport so lutio n to
t he car? Building on the
technology developed
for spee d cycling in the
velod rome, the Nexus
comb ines striking looks
with low drag coefficie nts .
The cyclist has to ado pt a
new body post ure to make
the best use of th is vehicle.
;f
SeymourPowellLtd, UK
3'0
0
Prototype

Various
(}
Human-powered
3
29
personal transport
Electrical bike
This is a unique folding
bike with an integral batt ery
and moto r in the middle of
the frame adjace nt to t he
pedal crank and shaft drive.
Multiple seat and
handleb ar adjustme nts
permit the most
comfortable personal fit.
;f
Christophe Moinat,
3
08
Ecole cantonaled'artde
Lausanne, Switzerland
0
Prototype

Various
(}
Hybridhuman-and
329
electrically powered
vehicle
/
MarkSanders, Roland
3
10
Plastics, UK
0
RolandPlastics, UK
3
23

Glass-reinforced
34
1
polyamide, aluminium,
rubb" stainless steel
(}
Economy of materials
3
27
usage
Ease ofmaintenance
St rida 2
Unfolding the Strida z
takes ten seconds and
immediatelyreveals its
radical triangular frame, a
departure from the typical
arrangements in other
folding bicycles. It weighs
in at just i okg (zalb}, the
tubes being of aluminium
and the wheels and other
Windcheetah
Acruciform frame enables
the rider to adopt a low
centre of gravity, which,
when coupled with carbon-
fibre fairing, provides very
efficient aerodynamics.
Pinpoint accuracyof
components made from
glass-reinforced polyamide,
a strong, durable,
lightweight polymer.
Aconventional chain is
replaced by a belt drive
over low-friction polymer
cogs, makingfor an oil-free
and low-maintenance
bicycle. Tyre and belt
repairs are facilitated
bythe offset frame-wheel
arrangement. Apparently it
takes time to master the
ride as the frame is not as
tortionallystiff as other
folding bikes, but thereafter
the rider is guaranteed an
intrigued audience as s{he
sails bycar-bound
commuters.
steering is achieved by
means of a unique joystick
system that gives good
stabilityin cornering.
Lightweight materials and
precision engineering make
this the Rolls Royce of
recumbents . The efficiency
of the design has attracted
interest from courier and
local delivery companies
who wish to develop zero-
emissions transport
policies for urban areas.
/
AdvancedVehicle
3
12
Design, UK
0
AdvancedVehicle
3' 2
Design, UK

Metalalloys, rubber,
34
'
carbonfibre, Kevlar
(}
Human-powered
3
2
9
transport
/
Bramptan Bicycle Ltd,
3
13
UK
.,
Bramptan Bicycle Ltd,
3'3
UK

Rubber, steel,plastic 283,

295

Multifunctionality
3
29
Durability
folding bike is easier to
take on a train, bus or
aeroplane than a
conventional bike. Folding
bicycles make a viable
contribution towards a
more integrated and
sustaina ble transport
system.
Brompton
Folding bicycles are
not a new invention
but Brompton has
manufactured durable
products over the last three
decades and is probably
one of the most popular
brands in the UK. The
robust 'full-size' steel frame
can be folded within
twenty seconds to make a
compact package that
weighs less than i zkg
(27 Ib) and measures only
slightlybigger than the
40-cm (16-inch) wheels.
Currentlythe range
includes two three-speed
(L3, T3) models, one four-
speed (LS) and one five-
speed (TS) , all with rear
carrier and dynamo. The
T types are supplied with
lights too. Optional extras
allowcustomization
but the design remains
fundamentally little
changed since its
inception, making it less
prone to the whims of
fashion. Owning a folding
bicyclesignificantly
increases mobilityoptions
for workand pleasure.
Overall journeytimes can
be cut by combining
cycling with publicor other
private transport and a
and the forks, handlebars,
luggage carriers and fender
stays are also wound with
rattan. Al though the bicycle
st ill relies on the steel for a
rigid frame, the proportion
of organic cyclic materials
has been significantly
increased.
/
Unknown
.,
Prototype

Rattan, steel, rubber 28 1,

28
3

Renewoblematerial
3
2
7
components
Rattan bicycle
Rattan is a vigorous thorny
briar found in tropical
rainforests. Its long stems
are stripped to reveal an
inner core that, once dried,
forms an extremelydurable
cane, which can be woven
and shaped. Non-load-
bearing components of this
bicycle, such as the
fenders, chain cover,
basket and handlebar grips,
are 100 per cent rattan.
Other components
combine steel and rattan.
So the main frame is steel
covered by rattan, the
saddle is of woven rattan
Daedalus 88
/
Students, prof essorsand
3
20
alumni,Massachusetts
InstituteofTechnology,
USA
0
Students, professors and
3
20
alumni, Massachusetts
Instituteof Technology,
USA

Photovoltaics,
34
1
lightweightmetalsand
composites

Renewableenergy
3
29
Zeroemissions
Weighing just 31.4kg
(69Ib), the Daedalus
88 aircraft set a new
en durance dist ance record
for a human-powered
aircraft of 199km (129
miles) over 3 hours 54
mi nutes , from Crete to the
island of Santorini, Greece.
The feas ibility of man -
powered flight is beyond
doub t but t ranslat ing the
technological advances
into everyday t ransport
provides a significant ly
greater challenge.
Gos same r Albatros s
Powered flight was made a
reality by the Wright
Brothers but it was Paul
McCrady of AeroVironment
who pioneered hum an-
powered flight with the
Gossamer Albat ross
aircraft that ma de the
crossing of the English
Channel in 1979. Made of
lightwe ight synt het ic
mate rials, this strange craft
collates expert ise in
materials technology with
advanced aerodynamics.
This was a welcome
invention but it has proved
difficult to design larger
human-f solar-powered
passenger-car rying aircr aft.
/
PaulMcCrady,
304,
AeroVironment USA 1' 08
0
Prototype,
304
AeroVironment, USA

Carbon:fibreand 28
4
graphiteresins, Keillor

Zeroemissions
3
29
tr
the
pICkup
............ --........... ...... _-
ThePickup
City-cent re traffic in many
countries crawls along at
speeds simi lar to or
slower than cyclists .
Mot orized vehicles are
subject to entry and
parking rest riction s. So it
is timelythat Robert
Dixon gave the familiar
trlshaw/r ickshaw, so
familiar in South- east
As ia, a thorough redesign
for use in t he developed
wor ld. The Pickup
is pac ked wit h feat ures to
ensure it is comfort abl e
for its human power
so urce and adaptable
as a load carr ier. A
composite fairing
protects the semi-
recumbent ride r on t he
articu lated four -whe eled
chass is. Seven-speed hub
gea ring coupled with a
lightweight differential
ensu res t hat the drive
tra in and steering are
opti ma l for urban
condition s. Speeds of up
to 22km/h (14mph) can
be maintained and there
is an electri c-as sist faci lity
for hills. The rear of the
carrier ca n be adapted as a
peopl e-carrying taxi or a
flat bed to ca rry a standa rd
Euro-palett e giving a
capacity of 1.8 cubic
metres (63.6cu ft). The re
is also a cove red-van
configura t ion. Versati le
and affordab le, The Pickup
is even bein g co ns idered
by the US Mail service and
TNT for co urier deliverie s.
/
Robert Dixon, Advanced
3
06
Vehicle Design, UK
e
AdvancedVehicle
3' 2
Design, UK
11
Various

Zeroemissions
3
2
9
Human-powered
Ciro Magic
This st rong, compact ,
folding scooter Is a
convenient portable vehicle
for short urban journeys or
for sport s and recreation.
Faster than walking, more
portable than the smallest
folding bicycle, the scooter
can offer an intermediate
solution to personal
mobility. Polyuretha ne
wheels cushion the rider
from the road or pavement ,
a robust brake is activated
by standing on the flexible
rear bar and steer ing is
achieved byshifting weight.
/
sTRAKasPORTs
3
2
4
Giromachines GmbH,
Germany
.,
sTRAKasPORTs
3
2
4
Giromachines GmbH,
Germany

Polyurethane, metals 283,

20 <
~
Human-powered
3
2
9
transport
Skoot
Is it a suitcase? No, it's a
bicycle that unfolds in
twenty seconds and weighs
just lSkg (33Ib). The Skoot
might require some
interesting handling in
strong cross winds but it is
guaranteed to keep the
rider free of oil and grease
and so may appea l to city
slickers.
/
NovaCruz Products,
3
21
USA
.,
NovaCruz Products,
3
21
USA
~
Birchwood, aluminium, 28
3.

polyurethane 295
~
Human.powered
3
2
9
t r ~ s p r t
/
Skoot International, UK
3
2
4
.,
Skoot International, UK
3
2
4

Various
~
Lightweight bicyclef or
3
27
commutersand
travellers
Xootr Cruz
Skateboard culture meets
the bicycle in this
resurrection of the old
push scooter. Li ghtweight
aluminium frame, cast
wheels and a low-slung
laminated birchwood deck
ens ure manoeu vrability
and stability. This vehicle is
veryportable, weighing just
4.Skg (iolb) and folding to
a package less than
800mm (31in) long.
-

Tr icycle, Euro, Classic,

Mountain, Folding
Powabyke is a range of
electri c-assi st bicycles
to suit young and old,
urban commuters and
recreation al users. The
range wit hout ped al ass ist
varies from 21to 48km
(13- 30+ miles) according to
the exact model. Batt eries
are 14-amp, 36V, sea led
lead acid, which reach full
charge over eight hou rs and
drive a 150W or 200W front-
or rear-hub-drive DC moto r.
Afolding version offers
commuters an ea sy, less
energeti c sta rt to the day.
/
Powabyke Ltd, UK
3
22
0
Powabyke Ltd, UK
3
22

Various
(}
Encouraginghybrid
329
human-jelectrie-
poweredtransport
Plumber's cart
Trades peo ple wit h a local
catchment area ma y find it
a considerable adva nt age
to be able to choose
between a car and an
alternative form of
t ran sport. Michel Zillig's
bicycle tra iler holds all the
necessary equipment and
too ls a plumber needs. It is
easily unh itched from its
towing vehicle and , aided
by the rotat ing tr iple whee l,
can be read ily pu lled up
kerbs and stairs. Here is
the t railer as mob ile
workshop.
SRAM 9.051
SRAMmanufact ures
brakes, gears and gear
shifts to high standards
of aesthet ics and
funct iona lity, us ing
between 30 and 50 per
cent-recycled content
for man y of the sub-
components, which can
be disassembled for
pure-grade recycling in
the future.
/
SRAMCorporation,
324
USA
(f
SRAMCorporation,
3
24
USA

Parirecycledcontent -
34
1
rubber, metal
composites
(}
Recycledcontent
327,
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
/
Michel Zil/ig.graduate
3
11
student, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
(f
Prototype

Syntheticpolymersand 296-7
rubbers
(}
Encourages useof
3
29
human-powered
transport
Multifunctionalily
--
-
Airsaddle
Improving comfort for
cyclists in intimate contact
withtheir saddles has been
the object of des igners for
over 125 years. Here lateral
thinkinghas provided a
solution - an inflatable
rubber saddle that provides
air cushioning. The
'Airsaddle' incorporates a
conventional air valve and
can be infinitely adjusted,
employing the same pump
used to inflate the tyres, to
suit the needs of the
individuals and the terrain
being traversed.
/
Ian ThorpandSteve
3' 0,
Morris, Slough Rubber
324
Comoonv, UK
0
SloughRubber
3
24
Comoonv, UK

Rubber,steel 283,
29'

Reductioninmaterials
327,
usagecomparedto
3
29
conventionalsaddles
Improvedergonomics
LeggeroTwist
Safety features of this
bicycle trailer for children
include a lowcentre of
gravity, seat belts, a
protective plastic shell and
a warning flag. All-weather
protection allowsflexibility
of use and ensures that the
children have a good view
and can feel the breeze.
/
ChristopheApotheloz,
3
04
Switzerland
0
Brugg/iProduktionI{
3
'3
Dienstleistung,
Switzerland

Various

Encourageshuman-
3
2
9
powered tronsportfor
thefamily
/
Maritde Haas, graduate
35
student 2000, Design
AcademyEindhaven,
Netherlands
)
Pratotype

Lightweight plastic, 283,

metal
295

Animalfriendly
329,
product
33
0
Improvedusercomf ort
Wissel hors e saddle
This flexible, lightweight
plastic saddle, with a new
girth strap fitted with an
easy-to-use ratchet-strap,
sits gently on the horse
and provides comfort for
the rider. The mounting
stirrup has a clip-free
adjustment and the
covers over the plastic
saddle are changeable, so
improving hygiene and
offeringopportuniti es for
customization using covers
of different colours.
and by manufacturing
fleeces derived from
recycled plastic bottles.
Post-consumer recycled
(peR) Synchilla'" fleece was
developed with Wellman,
Inc., in 1993. Eachgarment
saves twenty-five two-litre
PET bottles from landfills.
/
Patagonia, USA
3
22
)
Patagonia, USA
3
22

Fleece, 300-1
Supplex0nylon

Recycledmaterials
327,
Reducedemissions
3
29
(comparedwith virgin
PETjibre)
Synchilla" Snap T@
In 1991 the outdoor
clothing manufacturer
Patagonia declared in their
catalogue that ' Everything
we make pollutes' . This
was the beginning of the
company's process of
reducing its environmenta l
impacts by switching to
organicallygrown cotton
-
Pod floating lounger
This clever product
embodies several guiding
principles of good green
design. It is made entirely
of recycled soda bottles,
Partek recycled plastic
lumber and other material
and components, is
easilyassembled and
disassembled allowing
easy repair (and further
recycling at end of life) and
it is economical in its use
of materials. John Amato
sees this product as part
of a continuous cyclic
process. All such objects
are ephemera l in the long
view.
SportingSupplies
/
JohnAmato, Meta 304,
MOrf, lnc., USA
3
20
.,
Meta Morf,inc., USA
32
0

Sodabottles, plastic 294,

lumber
34
'

Recycledmaterialsand 327,
components
3
28
Designfor disassembly
andeaseof repair
Lowmaterials usage
4
IDRAaward, 1995
33
2
NIGHTEYE
This lightweight headlamp
is fitted with the patented
Ultralight using a low-
energyXenon bulb with a
special reflector to provide
a quality light source. A
rear red LE Dpersonal
safety light fits to the back
of the headband. All
components, including the
polycarbonate casings, clip
together and so can be
separated for recycl ing.

PROFORMDesign,
309
Germany
.,
Nighteye GmbH,
3
21
Germany

Polycarbonate, elastic,
34
1
LEDs, Xenonbulb
Q
Lowenergy
3
29
consumption
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
SportingSupplies
Veloland
Veloland is an informat ion
provider and service
company res po nsi ble for a
netwo rk of over 6,3ookm
(4,000 miles) of national
and regional cycling tr ails
in Switzerl and. Maps,
guides and 4 website
provide wide access to
information nat ion ally and
beyond . Trails have been
linked with publ ic-tran sport
networ ks and bicycle rental
at SBBrailway statio ns and
the who le system is
covered wit h co ns iste nt,
stan da rdized signage .
/
Veloland Schweiz,
3
11
Switzerland
(f
Various

Various
(}
Encouraging
329
integrationof
recreational cycling
with public transport
Kayak
Old kayaks don't die, they
just get recycled and face
the white water again.
Ocean Kayak encourage
cus to mers to cut defunct
kayaks and sen d them as
collect freight to thei r
factory, where the
polyethlene is ground up
for recon stituting in a new
mould.
/
Tim Niemeir,USA
3
0
9
(f
Ocean Kayak, USA
3
21

Recycledpolyethylene
34
1
,}
Continuous recyclingof 327,
materials
329
Product tokeback
Skystremerzq model
This inflat able kite,
weighing 43 grammes
(lib 80z) and not much
bigger than a credit card ,
fits easily into your pocket
ready to assist you in an
emergency. Once inflated,
the kite soars high, thanks
to a unique aer ofoil system ,
making a rescu e beacon
eas ilydetect ed by sight or
by rad ar. The Skystreme
provides protecti on against
hypot hermia and can be
inflated to use as a splint
for a broken limb.
/
Skystreme UKLtd, UK
324
(f
Skystreme UKLtd, UK
3
24

Lightweight, highly 283,

reflective plastic
295
(}
Economicaluseof 327,
materials
3
29
Multifunctional
Improvedhealthand
safety
-
Terra Grass Armchair
A subtle me rging of ma n
and nat ure is embodied in
t his witty outdoor seat
reminiscent of some mini
Bronze Age burial mound.
The st uct ural framework is
provided by corrugated
ca rdboard to which locally
sourced soil is added and
grass see d ap plied. Just a
few weeks later succu lent
grass covers your very own
green thr one for the
garden.
E-tech
Gardening
/
N Fotnitore, Italy
3
21
0
N Fornitore, Italy
3
21

Corrugated cardboard, 292

grassseed, soil

Renewable,
327,
compostableand
33
0
locallysourced
materials
The E-tech two-stroke
motor for chainsaws and
str immer s combines
efficient power produ ct ion
with a new cata lytic
converter, ensuring that
these motors meet the
world's st rictest standard
for emis sions for
mot orized hand-held
garden an d forestry
equipment, the 1995
California Air Resources
Board (CARB) standard.
Elect rolux, the world's
largest manufacturer
of chainsaws, has also
forged partnerships with
petr oleu m compan ies to
develop fuel s t hat reduce
emissio ns . For example,
the Finnish compa ny
Raision offers a vegeta ble
chai n oil for chainsaws
through Husqvarna.
/
HusqvarnajThe
3
1
5
flectrolux Group,
Sweden
0
HusqvornafThe
3
15
flectrolu: Group,
Sweden

Metals, plastics 283,

295

Reductioninemissions
3
29
andconsumabJes
/
BlackwallLtd, UK
3
13
0
BlackwallLtd, UK
3
13

Plastics, tubular 283

galvanizedsteel
295

Encourageslocal
327,
composting
33
0
Recycledmaterials
Compost converter
Manufactured from 95 per
cent-recycled plastic, the
220-litre (48-gal) ca pacity
Compost Converte r is a
strong, rigid bin with a
wide top ape rture , which
facilitates disposal of
biodegradable domestic
and garden waste and it s
conversion into compost.
Awide hatch at the bottom
permit s removal of the
mature compost. Blackwall
make a range of compost
bins from 200 litres up to
708 lit res (44-156gals)
capacity for domestic use ,
from injection-moulded,
flat-pack, wood-g rain-effect ,
recycled thermoplastic bins
to blow-moulded,
cylindrical bins mounted
on a tubular galvan ized-
steel frame, permitting
aeration of t he compost by
regular inversion or
tumbling. Bins are
guaranteed for at least ten
yea rs.
colours. It looks and feels
like woo d, yet this recycled
material is water- and
rot-res istant and does
not need any toxic
preservat ives as required
by convent ional timber
t rellis.
/
Metpost, UK 320
0
Metpost, UK
3
20

Polystyrene
34
'

Recycledmaterials
327,
Reductionintoxic
3
29
consumabfes
down the stack through the
mesh in the bottom of each
tray, digesting waste and
t urning it into compost.
Nature' sChoice
trellis range
Aversatile tre llis system,
offering gardeners many
different permutat ions of
plant su pport, uses a
mater ial mad e of So per
cen t-recycled and 20 per
cent-virgin polystyrene,
which is available in four
permanent UY-stable
Can-a-Worms
Acompact self-as sembly
serie s of nested circular
trays, made from 100 per
cent post-consumer
recycled plastic, is supplied
with a coir fibre block. This
block is mo istened and
broken up, then placed in
the bottom t ray to provide
'bedding' for a colon y of
nat ive composting worm s.
As a tray is filled with
househol d or garden
was te, anot her is added to
build up t he st ack. The
worms migra te up and
/
Rein, Australia
3
23
0
Rein, Australia, with
3
23,
Wiggl yWigglers, UK
3
26

Plastics, fiveworms 283,

295

Encourageslocal 327,
biodegradationof
330
waste
Recycledand
renewablematerials
---
Pedal Lawnmower
Traditional ' push-
mowers' are fine for a
pocket-handkerchief
lawn but even these
have been usurped by
electric 'f1 ymos' and
petrol-driven, two-
stroke-engined mowers.
Pedal power in this
four-wheeled mower
ensures exercise for the
driver, easycoverage of
medium to large lawns
and zero emissions.
eartlenir:lg

Remko Killaars,
3
08
graduatestudent,
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
0
Prototype

Metals,rubber, plasties 283,

295

Zero emissions
3
2
9
Easeof maintenance
andrepair
MicroBor e
Porous piping placed in or
on the soil surface provides
a means for the precise
deliveryof water direct to
the plant root zone. The
flexible, rubber-based hose
made from shredded,
recycled tyres is perforated
with holes, allowi ng water
to trickle into the soil. Pipe
diameters varyfrom 4mm
or 7mm(1/6-1/4 inch) for
the MicroBore, which is
ideal for watering window
boxes and office plant
displays, to 13mm,16mm or
zzmm (1/z, 1/3 or 9/ 10
inch) for the HortiBoreand
Solar mower
In1997 Husqvarna
combined robotic
technologywith solar
power to create a unique
lawnmower capable of
autonomously maintaining
ProBore, which are for
commercial horticulture
and landscaping. System
accessories allowyou to
customize the irrigation
system and permit the use
of stored rainwater with in-
line filters, taps , tee-
junctions and end-stops.

Porous Pipe, UK
3
22
0
Porous Pipe. UK
3
22

Recycledlyres 28
3

Waterconservation 327,
Recycledmaterials
33
0
an area of up to 1,ZOO
square metres (l,44osq
yds). By 1998the Auto
Mower offered another
robotics-driven option able
to recharge itself from a
mains electricitysupply.

HusqvarnafThe
3
'
5
Electrolux Group,
Sweden
0
HusqvarnafThe
3
'
5
Electrolux Group,
Sweden

Photovoltaies, plasties, 283,

metals,motor, battery
295

Solar-powered
3
2
9
Zeroemissions
Consumer Electronics
V-Mailcame ra
Anadjusta ble tripod and
variable focal-length lens
permit digitization of any
flat-copy graphical or
photographic original and
3-Dscene. Linking directly
with a PCpermits instant
downloading of image files
via a user-friendly interface.
This award-winning camera
embodies Philips's des ign
ethos by using recyclable
materials.
/
Philips Design,
3
09
Netherlands
e
PhilipsElectronics,
32
2
Netherlands

Recyclable plastics and 283,

metals
295
0
Recyclablematerials
3
27
Dematerializationof
photographicprocess
4
Winner, ColdIndustrial
Design Excellence
Award, '999, Industrial
SocietyofAmerica
carrythe signal, a thin glass
diaphragm emits sound
waves, This system uses
NXTtechnologyto deliver
the sound,
Glass Sound
Chunkyspeaker cabinets
are redundant in this
ult imate minimalist sound
system, Suspe nded from
stainless-steel wires, which
l
-
o
~ I l
(ii'
~
til
~
r
::s:
:J
OQ
/
ChristopherHoser, 306,
Designteam, ClasPlatz,
3
'7
Cermanu
e
GlasPlatz, Cermany
3
17

Glass, stainless steel

295
0
Minimalusageof
3
2
7
materials
4
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
b
--
Canon IXUS
Anewfilm format,
Advanced Photo System
(APS), was introduced
worldwide bythe
photographic indust ry in
the mid-1990s. APS
encouraged new camera
designs since the filmarea
is 24 per cent sma ller than
standard 3smm film,
resulting in much smaller
cameras than conventiona l
SLRs. Other advantages
include multiformat-frame
option (normal,
intermediate or
panoramic), automa tic
mid-fil m rewind/r euse and
a strip on the edge of the
film that records exposure
details to improve printing
results. In short, APSoffers
significant reductions in
the cons umption of raw
materials, filmand prints in
the cons umer market.
Launched in 1996, the
IXUS came ra quickly
became the compact
camera to carryin your
pocket and was probably
responsible for converting
many newcomers to APS,
with its James Bond looks
and sha rp prints. The
current model is the
IXUS -Mi.
/
YasushiShiotani, 310,
Canon, Inc.,j apan
3
'4
.,
Canon, Inc.,j apan
3
1
4

Stainlesssteel,
34
'
polycarbonate, ABS .
,}
Reductioninmaterials
3
2
7
andconsumables
usage
Digit al Mavica FD73H
Digital cameras
dematerialize the process
of photography by
replacing silver halide film
with a light-sensitive digital
recorder. From the mid-
1990Sonwards a steady
trickle of digital cameras
eme rged for the consumer
market from the world's
leading photographic-
equipment manufacturers.
By1998 there were
over fifty models with
a mesmerizing range
of different PCcards
(CompactFlash, Smart-
Media and PCMCIA) ,
providing transfer media
in which to store images
prior to downloading to the
computer. Sony, st reetwise
as ever, avoided the batt le
raging between the
different storage formats
and launched the Digital
Mavica FD7, which stored
images on the ubiquitous
3.S-inch floppydisk. No
need for special PCcard
readers or camera-to-
computer cabling, simply
pop in the floppy and
instantlyviewyour
images. Sony's design is
innovative and is inherently
less demanding of
the environment since
consumers don't need
to buy newcomputer
peripherals.
/
Shin Miyashita, Sony
309,
Corporation,japan
3
24
e
SonyCorporation,
324
j apan

Plastics, metals,
34
1
electronics, CCOchip,
Jloppydisk

Encourages
3
27
dematerialization(oj
photographicfilm)
Universal storage
medium
Consumer Electronics
FreeplayS360
The or iginal BayGen
Freeplay wind-up radio was
designed for use by remo te
com munit ies in Africa.
Dem and from ret ailers in
deve loped count ries soon
led to the development of
new models for the
cons umer market. First
ca me a t riple-power opt ion
- wind-up, so lar, mains -
but it ret ained t he bulk and
weight of the original
design. Next ca me thi s
lightweight, co mpact
vers ion wit h a so lar panel,
wind-up ge ne rato r and
energy-sto rage unit
providi ng up to fifteen
hours of rad io listening.
/
Freep/ayEnergy Europe, 31]
UK
.,
Freep/ay Energy Europe, 31]
UK

Various

Renewable solaror
3
29
humanenergy
Most components
recyclable
experience an d the rapy.
The radio has been
endorsed internationally by
aid agencies and United
Natio ns prog rammes.
More recent models
developed by Freepl ay
Ener gy Europe for th e
inte rnatio nal mark et
include conte mporary
t ran sp arent plasti c casings,
a so lar pa nel for power
ge nera t ion and a ma ins
electr icity ada ptor.
If the mains electr icity.
is pur chased from a
renewabl e so urce t hese
new mode ls retai n th eir
or iginal environmen tal
se ns ibilities. However, if
everyo ne si mp ly plugs the
radi os int o a mains socket
us ing elect ricity from a
coa l-burn ing powe r stat ion,
then Freep lay ma y have
dr ifted off-ta rget. Are we
rea llytoo lazy to crank a
han dle to hear ou r
favourite radio sta t ion?
/
Freep/ay EnergyEurope,
31]
UK
e
Freep/ay Energy Europe,
3']
UK

Van"ous

Human ondforsolar-
3
2
9
powered
necessary for ga ining
access to a wide ran ge of
frequencies for maximu m
local penetr at ion of
program mes , be t hey news ,
cu ltura l items, nat ural
disas ter and health
wa rnings, or distance
learni ng and literacy
init iat ives. An ABS cas ing
was se lecte d because it
was durable , water -
resis ta nt, att ract ive and
easy to manufacture.
The radi o was or iginally
ma nufactu red in Sout h
Africa, whe re the
factory emp loyed a high
proport ion of'special
nee ds' adu lts, giving
them much-nee de d work
FreeplayFPRzand
GlobalShortwave
radios
Inventor Trevor Bayliss was
str uck by the difficulties
of t rying to infor m and
educate the societ ies of
developing countr ies us ing
th e media of television
and rad io. The absence of
mains electricity and high
cost of batt eries mean th at
million s do not have
access to medi a that th e
deve loping world t akes for
grante d. His sol ut ion was
to design a radio th at could
work by human power. Just
sixty ma nual turn s of th e
origi nal BayGen on -boa rd
ge ne rato r provided t hirty
minutes of playing time.
Provisio n of AM, FM and
SW band widt h was
Consumer Electronics
Radio
The designer of this
radio rejected the
current obsession with
miniaturizing everything
and could therefore explore
the use of non-plastic
materials, in this case
wood from old machine
boxes. MDFwas used for
inner panels and dyed
fabrics from old flour bags
for the front and back
panels. Consumer s can
choose the colour of the
fabricdye and there' s a
special button for the user
to select his/her favourite
radio station. Use of
natural materials and hand-
finished production
potentially create an object
that will resist the tide of
fashion. It can be made
in smallworkshops,
therebycreating new
rural employment and so
avoidingcentralization of
production in urban areas.
This design harks back
to the early aspirations
of the leading Arts and
Crafts designers in late
nineteenth-centu ryBritain
but updates the process
wit h a modern aesthetic
and a rechargeable battery.
The wooden case will
develop a pat ina with old
age and it is interesting to
speculate whether this will
endear it to its owner.
Plastic tends not to age
with grace.
/
SinghS Kationo,
3
08
Indonesia
e
Smallbatchproduction

Reusedwood, MDF,
34
1
fabric, rechargeable
battery

Renewableandreused 327,
materials
3
29
Rechargeableenergy
source
Antifashianandanti-
obsolescence
AElOOO Free-power
Radio
Philips have taken the
concept of the original
BayGenwind-up radios
and shrunk them to
create a pocket-sized
version. Thanks to the
built-in high-effi ciency
power generator, one
minute' s winding of t he
handle provides enough
electricityfor thirty
minutes' listening time to
AM/FM programmes. A
LEDdisplay lights up
when the charge rate
reaches opt imal speed.
No more batteries, no
more searching for the
mains adapt or, because
this handy radio needs
only muscle power.
Tykho
Tough thermoplastics
predominate in casings for
electronic goods but Marc
Berthier demonstrates that
buckingconvention
produces a newsexy look
for his VHF radio. Rubber
also confers benefits over
plastics by offeringsome
shock resistance and
weatherproofing.
/
MikeJerome, Philips
3
0
7
Electronics, Netherlands
.,
Philips Electronics,
3
22
Netherlands

Various

Renewableenergy
3
2
9
/
Marc Benhier, France
3
0
4
e
LexanDeisgnConcepts,
3
19
France

Rubber, electric 28
3
components

Renewableand/ or
3
27
syntheticmaterial
Grundig l S"ColourTV
This TVoperates on 12V
or 24V DC supply and
on 90V-26oVACsupply
at SO/60Hz, making
it sui ta ble for us e in
recreationa l vehicles and
boat s or for low-volta ge
domestic renewabl e-energy
systems. An inte rnal
satellite receiver and tun ing
system guarantee good
reception.
/
Grundig. Germany
3
'
]
.,
Grundig, Germany
3']

Various
(}
Low-voltagetelevision
3
2
9
set
FLS range
This model range, dat ing
from '997, is an exampl e
oflong-term t hinking,
which ass umes that
man ufacturers will in
future normally take back
elect ronic products afte r
the en d of t heir se rviceab le
lives. The outer casin g
is made from a single
mat erial, which facilit ate s
recycling of the mater ial
when the produ ct reach es
the end of its life. Wate r
based paints reduce
environmental load.
/
Philips Corporate
3
09
Design, Netherlands
.,
Philips Electronics,
32
2
Netherlands

Single-material, water 286-]

basedsuedepaints
(}
Designfordisassembly 32] ,
andrecycfingof
3
28
materials
SmartWood Les Paul
Gibson Guitars are
renowned for the quality
and sound of their acoust ic
and electric guitars. This
model uses hard maple,
Honduras mahogany and
chechen woods certified
under the SmartWood and
FSCschemes and supplied
by EcoTimber, Inc. There's
good evidence that
'Gibson' guitars are
cherished by their owners
and accordinglyhave an in-
built longevity. Use of
certified woods for high-
value products seems
doublyto reinforce the
message about designing
for longevityusing
materials from sustainable
sources.
Consumer Electronics
/
Gibson Guitars, USA
3
'7
0
Gibson Guitars, USA
3
1
7

Variouswoods, metal, 295,

electronics
339

Renewable materials
333
Certified SmartWood,
FSCtimber
-
The BasicBass
Modular construct ion
using standardized parts
gives this instrument
considerable flexibility. It
can be used in guitar or
standing pose and can
be configured for left- or
right-handed people.
Microphones and
electronics can be easily
removed for repair or
upgrading. Here is an
object stripped down to its
bare essent ials, minimalist
yet functional.

Jean-Remi Conti,
3
05
graduate student 2000,
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
0
Prototype

Various

Reductioninmaterials
3
27
usage
Upgradability
Universal design
ConsumerElectronics
Savvy
This feat ure-packed mobi le
phone provides a ' joystick'
cent ral control to access
men u options, which
includ e a ca lculato r, clock
wit h sto pwatch and games .
Custome rs ca n choose
from a range of coloured
plast ic components to
customize the look of their
phone. This same feat ure
ensures parts are easily
disassembled to update as
fashion dict ates or repair
or recycle. With low power
consum pt ion and a 30 per
cent reduction in the
number of components,
Philips are st riving to give
toda y's modern icon of
communication a green
conscience.
/
Phi/ips Design,
3
09
Netherlands
0
Philips Electronics,
3
22
Netherlands

Recyclable plastics 283,

295

Designf ordisassembly
328,
andrecycling
3
2
9
Lowenergy
consumption
Xenium' 939Dual
Band
Philips Electron ics are
continuously developing
the ir policy of designing
products with reduced
environmen ta l impact , as
is evide nt in their latest
mob ile phone. Wit h a
casing of punched meta l, a
35 per cent reduction in
components, reduction in
energy consumption and
use of smaller recharge
batteries, this phone has a
smaller ecologcial footprint
than previous models. At
the en d of its life it is easil y
disassembled into pure-
grade materials or material
groups. And it blends
funct iona lity with simple
good looks .
/
Philips Design,
3
0
9
Netherlands
0
Philips Electronics,
3
22
Netherlands

metal, electronics
295

Reductioninenergy
3
29
consumptionand
consumables
4
iFDesign Award, 20 00
33
2
-
ROCKETeBOOK
In a su preme irony,
Amazon.com, on e of the
most successful American
Int ernet compan ies , sells
old-fash ion ed , pa per -based
books through the electr onic
me dium of t he Int ernet.
However, it may not be long
before Amazon are poised to
delivered electr on ic books
via the Internet for
cons umers to read on a
device such as the ROCKET
eBOOK, saving vast forest s
in the process. Alt hough
many prot otype electron ic
books were st illborn in the
1990S, the cu rrent
gen er at ion of e-books
appea rs to be making the
grade. Maybe the book will
also revive the co nce pt of the
' DailyMe' newsp aper.
Consumer Electronics
/
RolfGrone and Dallas 30 ] ,
Grove, Palo AlIa
3
09
Products intemationoi,
USA
.,
NuvaMedia, USA
3
21

ABS plastic, electronics

34
1

Polentialhuge
32] ,
reductionin
3
28
consumptionof paper,
printinginks.
packagingand
transport energy
/
MrToyozoandthe Nifty
3
09
Hewlett Packard PC
user!arum,japanand
worldwide
e
Various prototypes

Various
(}
Open-access design or
3
27
design with
philanthropy'
res ponse. The outcome is
Morphy One, a palmtop PC
capa ble of run ning MS-
DOS and Linux operating
systems. Other ha rdware
deve lopers have access
to the design data and
sou rce code. Morphy One
provides a t iny lifeline to
those wish ing to main tain
a philanthropic influence
on the deve lopment of
the Informat ion Age and
ensure t hat the globa l IT
multinationals do n't dictate
the whole process.
system, to complement the
open-so urce software, was
not avai lable. Morphy One
grew out of a ded icated
Nifty Hewlett Packard user
forum where users of t he
Hp 200LX palmtop chatted
on line. Whe n prod uction of
th e HP 200LX ceased in
October 1999 t he gro up
asked t he quest ion 'what
next?' . One group member,
a Mr Toyozo (his electronic
pse udo nym), began
developing new hardware
circuitry, pu blished his
res ults to the user group
and received a fantast ic
Morphy One project
Open-source software, in
which developers have
complete access to the
source code in order
to innovat e with new
ap plications, receive d a
major boost rece ntly when
Linus Torvals launched t he
Linux operati ng system.
Unlike the pro prietary
systems of Microsoft,
Apple and ot her lead ing
ITcompanies, Linux is
avai lable free for all to use .
Yet until the adven t of the
Morphy One project, an
ope n-source ha rdwa re
-
Bob
This cold-construction
concrete vase challenges
the dominance of ceramics
and searches for new
expressions of that most
modern of materials,
conc rete. On ly a deta iled
lifecycle ana lysis will reveal
whether cera mics, wit h their
high-energy requirement to
fire the clay, are more or
less benign than concrete,
which also requi res energy
and results in em iss ions
to the air during t he
ma nufactu re of the cement.
/
Goods, Netherlands
3
17
0
Goods, Netherlands
3
1
7

Concrete
295
(}
Useof naturally 327,
abundantgeosphere
34
0
material s
Ecolo
A booklet conceived and
written by Enzo Mari and
published by the renowned
Italian manufact urer Alessi
inspires the reader to
t ransform the effluent of
consu mer culture into
de licate , beautiful objects.
Ashampoo bottle is
transformed, like a butt erfly
emerging from its pupa,
from use less spent object to
graceful flower vase. Design
is taken out of the hand s of
the s pecialists and ret urned
to the masse s.
/
Enzo Mari, Italy
3
08
0
Alessi, Italy
3
12

Postconsumer
34
1
containers
(}
Reuse of wasteobjects
32
8
Democratizationof
design
/
PamelaHatton, UK
3
0
7
e
One-oift

Concrete, reusedkitchen
295.
utensils
34'

Reuse of existing
34
0
products
Materialswithlow
embodiedenergy
Fruit holders
Take a se lection of
red und ant cut lery, insert
into a special mixt ure of
concrete, allow to set ,
then kiln-fire to produce
unique devices for holding
fruit. These whims ical
des igns allow the fruit
to take cen t re stage.
Probab ly more suited to
man ufactu ring in small
batches, the design
princip le can be easily
ada pte d to provide a var iety
offunct iona lobjects.
/
CamilleJacobs,
3
0
7
Australia
.,
Limitedbatch
production
a.
Float glass, bamboo 281,

295

Economyof materials
3
27
usage
Recyclablematerials
Wagga-Wagga
This piece balances
harmony and tension
us ing read ily available
mat er ials. The principle
can be extended to a wide
range of materials using
cold const ruct ion and /or
heat deformation.
Malvinas
/
Alfredo Haberliand
3
07
Christophe Marchand.
Italy
e
Danesesri, Italy
3'5

Steel
295

Recyclable mono
3
27
material
Steel is one of the most
efficient ly recycled met als in
t he world but is rarely found
in a decorat ive context
outsi de hand-for ged iron
furnitu re and similar
accessories. Here th is
humble ma ter ial is elevated
to an elegan t centrepiece,
s uitable for a t able,
sideboard or window sill.
sponges are ' bio-
manufactured' in neat
rows, bamboos grow to
EU regul ation size in
specially built mou lds and
bio-plast ics s ponta neo us ly
grow to predetermi ned
forms?
/
Marcel Wanders, Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
3
11
0
Wanders Wonders,
3
26
Netherlands

Naturalsponge,
295
porcelain
~
Renewablematerial
3
28
Sponge vase
Marce l Wanders
commandeers nature's
own manufacturing, adds
his own porcelain t ube
and sets vase design on
a new course . Designers
shou ld act ively seek
opportunities for
' harves t ing' nature' s
products, which, wit h
minimal energy input or
modification, ca n be reo
manufactured into new
objects. Can we look
forward to specialist
' pro duct farms ' where
l ~
9
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/
Feldmanna(
3
16
Schultchen, Germany
0
PrototypeforWerth
3
26
Forstlechnik, Germany

Plywood, stee! 295,

339
~
Reusableproduct
33
1
Spiralbaum
This flat-pack , laser-
cut , plywood square
unfolds as a helix when
suspended. It is the
ultimat e in min imalist
Christmas trees, is easil y
stored away for t he next
fest ive season and saves
ano t he r Sitka spruce
from being consigned
to the landfill site each
New Year.
-
This range of plates and
serving platters is made
from textured glass
diffusers removed from
fluorescent light fittings in
a US gove rnme nt building
that was undergoing a refit.
Challenging our
percept ions about
polymer s and the waywe
use them, Hella jongerius
experimented with flexible
rubbe rized polyurethane
to create a tra dit iona lly
styled vase . It provokes us
to quest ion howwe value
plastics. Objects made from
plast ics can be high lyvalued
in the case of'designer'
objects or regar ded as a
throwawayitem in t he case
of the ubiquitous plastic
bag. Instead of using hard
durable ceramics or tough
shiny ASS, the trad itiona l
materials for a vase,
Jongerius has chosen soft
flexible polyurethane, thus
encouraging the user to
exper iment with altering
the shape ofthe vase .
The Soft Vase
/
HellaJongerius,
30]
JongeriusLab,
Netherlands
., Droog Design,
3
06
Netherlands

Polyurethane, 283,
elastomers
295

Improveduser-
3
29
f riendliness
Durable
Recyclable
/
Anneliesde l.eede,
3
05
Netherlands
e
Oak Product Design,
3
09
Netherlands

Ceramic waste, clay

295

Recycled materials
32]
Tableware
/
Maria Ruano, USA
310
.,
Bedrock Industries, USA
3
'3

Recycledglass
295

Recycled materiols
32]
4
lORAaward, '998
33
2
Ceramic bowls
Ceramic waste from post-
consumer and indust rial
sources is ground and
mixed with fresh clayto
produce these ' nat urally'
colou red bowls. Coloration
depends upon the was te
stream.
-
Attila
Con su mers' voracious
appetite for co nven ience
drinks will ensure that the
humble steel or aluminium
drinks can will be a feature
of the twenty-first-century
landscape. While recycling
of t hes e cans improved
significantly during the
1980s, any device that
actively encourages people
to recycle more is a good
thing . Attila is a dur able
crusher that is a pleasu re
to use : simply place your
can in t he bottom of the
trans lucent column and
enjoy t hat satisfy ing
crump ling no ise as the
' anvil' crushes the can
with the downward push
of the arms.
/
Julian Brown, Studio
3
05
Brown, UK
.,
RexiteSpA, Italy
3
23

Injection-mouldedABS, 297,
polycarbonate,
34
0
Santoprene

Encourageswaste
3
28
recycling
Cricket
Consumption of bott led
water and soft drinks
contained in PET plast ic
bott les has risen
dramat ically in the last
decade, so any device that
facilitates recycling is to be
welcome d. This witty bott le
crus her makes recycling
fun and improves storage
ca pacity of containers for
collecting waste bottles.
/
JulianBrown,
3
05
Studio Brown, UK
.,
Rexite SpA, Italy
3
23

Steel, pla'tic 283,

295

Encourageswaste
3
28
recycling

LlNPAC
3
'
9
Environmental, UK
.,
LlNPAC
3
'
9
Environmental, UK

UsedHOPEbottles
34
1

Recycledmaterial s
327.
Encouragesrecycling
32
8
LINPACenvi ronmental
kerbsidecollection box
Since the introduction of
t he LI NPAC Environmental
kerbs ide co llection box in
1996 to the city of Sheffield.
UK. over twenty million
plastic bottles have been
diverted from landfill sites
to recycling plants wher e
t he plast ic is reused to
create yet more boxes.
This robust box. with high.
impact and -deformat ion
cha ract eristic s, encourages
greate r recycling by local
aut horit ies and private
contract ors.
Zago
Recycling domestic waste
has an image probl em , so
anything that can elevate
thi s act ivity into fun is
welcome. Three Zago'"
t riangul ar rubbi sh bins
made from flat-pack,
recycled cardbo ard neatly
sit toget her to form a
functional sep arator for
different was te st reams.
The photographi c exteriors
clea rly indicate each
part icular waste st ream
and reinforce the message
t hat wast e is a valuabl e
resource.

Benza, Inc. USA
3'3
0
Benza. inc., USA
3'3

Recycledcardboard
34'

Recycled materials
327.
Encouragesrecycling
3
28
-
--
Bottle stopper and
opener
Oxo have a reputation for
excellent attention to detail
and ergonomics for their
hand tools. This easy-to-
use device combines two
functions and thus
improves on conventional
products.
Cutlery
One design fits all in this
elegant example of a fork
made from bamboo, beech
or steel. Manufacturing to
this design with locally
available rather than
imported materials reduces
transport energy.
"
Patrick Laing, UK
3
08
e
Prototypes

Bamboo, beech, steel 281,

295

Universal design
3
27
suitableforlocally
availablematerials
-
"
HumanFactorsinco-
307,
development withOxo
3
21
International, USA
.,
OxoInternational, USA
3
21

Hardenedrubber 28
3

DualJunctiondevice
329
Fold
Minimal waste is generated
from the cutt ing and
stamping of this basic
range of cutlery, which is
also witty and lightweight.
/
WilliamWarren, UK
3"
.,
Smallbatchproduction,
3
26
ww.modcons, UK

Stainless steel 295

Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Reductionin
production waste
Cutlerytool
This could be the prototype
for a ' universal' cutlery
des ign as it cleverly
combines the functions of
knife, fork, spoon and
teaspoon all in one piece.
/
NinaTolstrup,
3
10
Denmark
e
Prototype

Plastic 283,
295

Multifunctional 327,
Economyof materials
329
usage
"
Erik:lan Kwakkel,
3
08
Netherlands
e
REEEL, Netherlands
3
23

Porcelain
295
~
Dualf unctiondesign 327,
Economy of materials
3
2
9
usage
Double-cup
Esp resso or capp uccino?
The choice is yours in
t his neat t ableware, in
which t he two part s are
joi ned at the hip,
o
~ I i
(j)'
~
VI
0'
~
r
~
:::l
(JQ
Disposab le cutlery
and bowl
Popl ars are so me of t he
fast est growing tr ees in
Europe whose biom ass can
be harnessed to provide
compos ta ble, disposa ble
cut lery.

MarcelWanders, Droog
Design, Netherlands
Prototypefor
Oranienbaumproject
Poplarwood
Renewableand
compostablematerial
306,
3
11
339
3
2
7
Dr inking glass
Clever cutti ng of two PET
bottle s ena bles two
sections to be rejoi ned; an
origina l screw top is used
as the clamp to form a new
glass , It remains unclear
whet her the offcuts are
recycled or can be used to
generate ot her products
such as na pkin rings ,
/
Aki Kotkas, Finland
3
08
e
Limitedbatch
production
~
PETbottles
34'

~
Reused materials
32
8
-
/
Tord Boontje.
35
Netherlonds
.,
Smollbouh production

Post-consumerg!ass 328,
bottles
34
1

Recycledmoteriols
32] ,
Lowenergy
3
28
manufacturing
Drink ing vessel
Boontje lovingly cuts,
smoot hs and blasts old
wine bottles, giving them a
minimali st makeover and a
new lease oflife. As pitcher
and dr inking glass they
serve to remind us of the
beauty of the material and
the unjustifiable waste of
one-trip packaging. as
embodied in the ori ginal
product.
This flat-pack, trian gular.
fluted polypropylene wine
rack generates no was te in
its production as the
cuto uts are supplied as
coa ste rs in the mail order
pac kage.
Wine rack
/
Stuart Bristaw, UK
35
.,
Designedto a 'I' Ltd, UK 306

Polypropylene 283,
295

Zero productionwaste 32] ,
Recyclable
3
28
Basket 2 Hands
With their range of
colourful, robust. yet
elegant household
objects, Aut hent ics have
succeeded in elevating the
stat us of plastic in t he
home. Grcic's min imalist
approach. und erstanding
of the raw mat erial and
tongue-in-cheek reference
to t raditiona l basket
design encourage respect
from the user.
/
KonstantinGrdc,
3
07
Germany
.,
Authenticsartipresent,
3
13
Germany

Recyclable 28
3
polypropylene
295

Recyclablematerial
3
27
Barnacle
In t he '990S Droog Des ign
encouraged a reth ink for
the humbl e 2-D t ile. Moerel
expan ds the theme wit h
these orga nic-shaped,
earthenware ceramic tiles.
which offer visual relief for
all those bor ing bath room
walls and provide a useful
place to hang towels and
clothes.
/
Marre Moerel,
3
08
Netherlands/USA
.,
Smallbatchproduction

Clay
295

Useof abundant
329.
materialsfrom the
34
0
geasphere
Durable
MultifUnctional

/
Thomas Liebe, Ad Rem
3
0
4
Design, Switzerland
0
Vetropack, Switzerland
3
26

Glass, metal
295

Reductionof energy
327,
consumptionduring
3
28
manufacturingand
distribution
Coffeecream bottle
Attention to detail provides
environmental benefits
for this family of bott les
designed for the central
dairyin Aargau. Asharp
internal radius and
inwardly curved rim at
the bottle' s mout h ensure
that milkdoesn 't migrate
around the screwthread.
This facilitates ster ilization
on reuse of the bott les,
which in turn saves energy.
Savings are also made on
transport energy, since the
new bottle shape can be
packed more densely.
------ --- - - - - - - - --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - --1 '-.1
Q
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El ster
Inexpensive renewable
materials are combined to
create a funnel-shaped
oblong waste paper basket
made by hand. Brown
packaging paper is
stretched taut and glued
l"""!two,, ["m,.
This simple technologyhas
been applied byWettstein
to other furniture
items such as armchairs,
footstools and chaises
longues.
/
RobertAWettstein,
3
11
Switzerland
0
One-off/ smallbatch
3
11
production, RobertA
Wettstein

Poper, woad 288-9,

339

Renewablematerials
327,
Low-energy
3
28
manuf acturing
I I
Durex Avant i
Natural or synthetic latex
has long been the preferred
material for manufacturing
condoms but the material
still suffers from an image
problem. Latex produces
its own distinctive odour
and, owing to the thickness
of material required to
ens ure full protection
during intercourse, can
result in a lackof sensitivity
to the wearer. It also
produces an allergic
reaction in some people.
After considerable research
a version of polyurethane
proved itse lf in tests. It is
as strong as latex but 40
per cent thinner, is
odourless and almost
transparent. Add a little
flavouring - do you fancy
tangerine, strawberry,
spearmint ?- and here is
a little self-help device
guaranteed to ass ist in
population cont rol and the
fight against the spread of
sexuallytransmitted
diseases including AIDS.
/
Ourex, UK
3'5
0
lRCProducts, UK
3'9

Polyurethane
34'

Anaidto reduce
3
28
populationgrowthand
improve humanhealth
Earthsleeper'
Made entirelyof Sundeala
board from recycled
newsprint with wood
corner joints, and
wood nuts and bolts,
these coffins are highly
biodegradable and make
less environmenta l
impact than conventional
wooden coffins. Coffins
are available ready-
assemb led or as flat-pack,
self-assemblyunits.
/
Vaccari l td, UK
3
25
0
Vaccari ltd, UK
3
25

Sundealaboard 292

Recycledmaterials 327,
Compostable
3
28
eco-ball' "
Those sensitive to today's
chemically based
washing powders have
an alternative method
available in the form of the
eco-ball' ". This is a plastic
ball, which cont ains ionic
powder that releases
ionized oxygeninto the
water and so facilitates
penetration of water
molecules into fabrics to
release the dirt. Alittle
washing soda helps deal
with verydirtywashing
but it is claimed that a set
of three balls will help
clean the equivalent of 750
washes before losing
their activity.
/
eco-bal!
3
15
.,
eco-bol!
3
15

Plastic, ionicpowder 28
3.
295

Reductionof usageof
3
28
woshingpowders
Ecover"
The name of Ecover, like
The BodyShop, needs little
introduct ion to those who
became green consumers
in the 1980s. Established in
' 979, Ecover has always
espoused a business
policythat recognizes that
economics must be in
harmonywith ecology. This
policy extends to product
development , the green
architecture of its main
factoryin Belgium and the
international distribution
network through twelve
thousand small health food
shops, still accounting for
45 per cent of turnover, as
well as the supermarket
giants. Company policy
dictates that product s must
originate from a natural
source with a low level of
toxicity to minimize their
burden on the environment
and they must be equally
efficient as convent ional,
more polluting products.
Ecover products are
not permitted to
include petrochemical
detergents/ perfumes/
solvents/ acids, polycar-
boxylates, phosphonates,
animal soaps, perborates,
sulphates, colourings,
phosphates , EDTA/NTA,
optical brighteners and
chlorine-based bleaches.
Animal testing is also
banned. Ecover also have
an integrated packaging
policy and encourage
consumers to reflll r-litre
(1
3
, . -gal) cont ainers of
washing-up liquid at shops
stocking zy-litre (44-gal)
bulkcontainers, which are
themselves refilled at the
factory. These polyethylene
bottles (with polypropylene
tops) have extra-wide
necks, a level indicator,
plastic labels (also
recyclable) and a life
expectancyof twenty refills
before recycling, saving on
waste and landfill space.
Ecover' s product range
includes washing powder,
bleach, water softener,
liquid wool wash and fabric
conditioner.
/
EcoverProducts,
3
1
5
Belgium
e
Ecover Products,
3'5
Belgium

Various cleaningagents,
34'
plasticcontainers

Reductionof water
3
28
bornetoxins and
pollutants
Reuseandrecyclingof
containers
Retailingsystem
gearedtosmalland
largeoutlets
given the generic labe l of
'waste'. Similar materia ls
and weaving techniques
were applied to a picn ic
box who se tabl eware was
all fash ioned from reused
or recycled materials.
/
Lois Walpole, UK
3
11
.,
One.off

Postconsumerjuice
34
1
cartons
(}
Reusedandrecycled
327,
materials
3
28
Juice carton s
In 1996 at an exhibition
ent it led ' Recycling: Forms
for the Next Centu ry-
Auster ity for Posterity',
sta ged by the Crafts
Coun cil in the UK,
craftspeople showed the ir
skill in reusing post-
consumer waste to breathe
life into new product s.
The cons ummate skill with
which t hese carto ns are
woven and stitched
together and the final
design revea l the satisfying
outcomes t hat can be
achieved with materials
Fingerma x
These finger brushe s offer
creative opportunities to
those who find holdi ng a
convent ional paint brush
difficul t. Universal fitting
is ach ieved by mould ing
a t hermoplast ic resin
polymer in a sp iral shape
wit h an ellipt ical cross-
sect ion.
/
BurofUrForm,
3
05
Germany
.,
FingermaxGbr,
3
16
Germany

Polymer 296-7
(}
Universaldesign
327,
Designf orneed
3
28
Q.
iFDesign Award, 2000
33
2

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Kango
Here' s a means of cutt ing
down on the number of
car journeys to local
supermarkets. This mono-
wheel trolley is capable of
carrying a week's worth
of groceries, is easily
manoeuvred and, after use,
is folded up into a handy
package. Ideal for regular
or casual use, for leisure or
travel purposes, the Kango
leaves all those ugly, two-
wheel, tartan leatherette
trolleysin the dark.

Feldmann+ Schultchen,
3
16
Germany
0
Patentedpratotype-
3
16
Feldmann+ Schultchen,
Germany

Cordurafabric, rubber, 28
3
plastic

Encouragesenergy-
3
2
9
efficient shopping
Magazine rack
Pared down to the bare
minimum, t he alum inium
one-piece legs interlocking
with the bent and cut ply,
this magazine rack is a
rationa l design with
minim um usage of
materials.
/
MarkRogers, UK
3
10
0
Smallbatchproduction, 3
13
BUT, UK

Birchply,aluminium 295,
339

Economyof materials
3
28
usage
/
HansSchreuder,
3
10
Netherlands
0
Muscle Power, MOY, 320
Netherlands

Plastics 283,
295

Encouragesimproved
3
2
9
health
Human-powered
for effect ive action of
fluorides. Fully wind up
t he me chanism and
exact lytwo minute s of
powe r are delivered.
Adaily drudge becomes
less taxing, especially for
chi ldren, in whom habit-
for ming hygiene needs to
be induced.
Muscle Power products
raise con su mer aware ness
at t he point of purchase by
posing the question,
' Do I really need to buy a
batt ery-powered toot h
brush? ' The co ns ume r is
confr onted wit h a choice
of energy sou rces for the
simple prevent ative health-
car e task of brushing
his/her teeth. The solution
is provided by de signing a
wind-up toothbrush , which
can be used in st atic
mode, like a convent ional
toothbrush, or can deliver
a rigorous ma ssage.
Schreuder found t hat th irty
seco nds is the average t ime
peo ple spend clea ning thei r
tee t h, but t hat up to two
minutes is rea lly requi red
Muscle Power
toothbrush
/
FrogDes;gn, Germany
3
06
.,
JunghansUhrenGmbH,
3
18
Germany

Photovoftaics, electronic
34
1
components, battery
(}
Reducedenergy
3
2
9
consumption
/
FrogDesign, Germany
3
06
.,
JunghansUhrenGmbH,
3
18
Germany

Photovoltaics, electronic
34
1
components, battery
(}
Reducedenergy
3
29
consumption
Mega Solar
This solar clock is the
mo dern equ ivalent of the
sundial, t hat anc ient device
for telling the time using
the shadows cast by the
sun. Tod ay the energy from
the sun is harnessed by
fitt ing a photovoltaic panel
coupled to a battery. Even
in no rtherl y latitudes with
cloud y days , sufficient
ene rgy is stored to power
the low-voltage digita l
display tha t gives an
acc urat e read-out of time
and date .
Mega i
There are two ma in
meth ods of providing
energy to operate a
wristwatch without t he
need to wind it up
me chan icallydaily or to
use cons uma ble batteries.
The first is kinet ic energy
in which movement of the
wear er gen erates a small
electr ic current to power
the watch . The second,
illust rat ed here, is to
ca pt ure the power of
the sun with a sma ll
photovolt aic panel linked
to a storage batt ery. Solar
wat che s are not new but
th is min imalist yet robust
desi gn sets a new
benchmark.
/
Giovanni Pelloneand
3
0
9
Bridget Means, Benza,
USA
., Benza, Inc., USA
3
'
3
-
Woolfleece. pins. clock
34
'

mechanism
(}
Renewablematerial
32
8
Pin Up clock
Reviewing default uses of
materi als for specific
produ cts encourages
experimentation. Rigid
materials are the norm for
clock face appli cations but
Benza has been ins pired to
use wool fleece pinned to
the wall.
bz
Phoeni xThermos
off-cuts of was te
cloth so urced from a
manufactu rer of yacht sails
are fabri cated into a dr aw-
top , double-l ayer bag filled
wit h ins ulat ion waddi ng,
to provide a thermal
blan ket to keep drinks
cool or hot. Breaking wit h
the con vention of a rigid
the rmo s flask, the Phoeni x
Ther mo s is ea sily kept in a
pocket or handbag, read y
to be used at any time. In
one sens e thi s design has a
down side, since it appears
to endorse the culture
of drinking read y bott led
wate r and soft drinks
conta ined in the ubiquitous
PET bottles. However , it
will work jus t as well for a
drin k made at home.
/
SMAC,Sergio
3
08
Macchioni, Italy
.,
Smallbotchproduction,
3
08
SMAC, Sergio
Macchioni, Ital
11
Sailcloth, rope, metal 290-' ,
xoo-t
(}
Recycled materials
3
27
pi
Rollerbag
This unique, one-wheeled
trolleydoubles as a
shopping bag or suitcase,
taking the strain and
coping with smooth or
rough surfaces.
/
Feldmann+Schultchen
3
16
Design, Germany
.,
Traveller, Germany
325

Various
(}
Dualjunctianobject
3
29
Miscellaneous
Pet POd
This quirkydesign makes a
comfortable shelter and
living space for a cat or
small dog. The papier
rnache gives insulation, so
the Pet Pod is the ideal
solution for pets housed in
unheated buildings.
/
Vaccari Ltd, UK
3
25
.,
Vaccari Ltd, UK
3
25

Papiermach. 288-9
(}
Recycledmaterials
327,
Compostoble
33
0
a
o
0-
n;'
~
V1
~
r
:;:;:
ciil Stat ionery goods
Reject circuit boards from
electronics manufacturers
are reused as stiff
prot ect ive covers for key
rings, ring bind ers, photo
albu ms and clipb oa rds,
As legislat ion forces
elect ronics manufactu rers
t o be more accountable for
disp osal of was te and end-
of-life di sposal of products,
thi s type of was te may no
longer be available for
recycling, On e wonders
also what happ en s to th e
reu sed circuit board s when
they are discarded by the
consumer. Does th is form
of recycling di sp erse
potential met al pollut ant s
thr ou gh municipal
landfills ? Cuto uts also
manufacture stationery
product s from plastic
sheet ing made from
recycled HDPE and LDPE,
/
Cutouts, UK
3
1
4
e
Cutouts, UK
3
1
4

Recycledcircuit boards,
34
1
plastics <,
~
Reusedandrecycled
327
materials

/
Goods. Netherlands
3
1
7
.,
Goods, Netherlands
3
1
7

Unusedbillboard
34
1
advertisements

Reuseof waste 327,
Low-energy
3
28
manufacturing
inks and special
waterproofed papers.
These latter characteristics
are ideal for certain new
products, as Goods
demonstrate with their
eye-catching waste paper
bins made out of the very
same advertising posters.
Creativeideas from a
brainstorming sess ion
often end up in the bin;
noweven the best ideas,
with a wonderful ironic
twist, become the bin!
U-Box
This multipurpose
polypropylene box offers
several compartments and
permits boxes to be
stacked. It provides a
versatile storage unit for
home. workshop or office.
/
HansjergMaier-Aichen. 308,
Authenticsanipresem,
3
13
Germany
.,
Authenticsartipresent,
3
1
3
Germany

Recyclable
34
'
polypropylene
o
Recyclable material s
327.
Multifunctional
3
29
Wast e pape r bin
The printing industry
generates vast quantities
of material that is never
actually used for the
purpose intended. Excess
print runs, abandoned
promotional literature,
pulped magazines and
books - the volume of
waste generated is high.
Forty-eight-sheet
advertising posters are
extremely diffi cult to
recycle because of high
concentrations of coloured
Litter bin
Waste metal strapping
from shipping containers is
woven and riveted into a
robust bin suitable for use
in a private gar den or
public space .
/
Arunaso siopas, USA
309
0
One.off

Metal
295

Reusedmaterials
3
28
4
IDRAaward, 1998
332
Bas ket
Newspaper twisted into a
yarn is woven with tough
vines to create durable
baskets with a unique look.
/
BrianDougan. USA
3
06
0
Oneoffi

Reusednewspoper. 281
woodyvines
34
1

Reusedandrenewable
3
27.
materials
3
28
4
IDRAaward, 1998
33
2
Talkingalarm clock
This touc h-sensit ive alarm
clock made of 70 per cent-
recycled HDPE
demonst rates imaginative
use of materials and takes
clock design into the
twenty-first century. A
clockwith personality may,
over time, encourage
greater custodial care!
/
PedroCarrasco,
35
Portugal
0
Prototype

Recycled HOPE, clock

34
1
mechanism
(}
Recycledmaterials
327
Q.
lORAaward, 1995
33
2
Clock
Post-modernism, with an
Indian flavour, is invested
in this mantel or table clock
made fre m wood harvested
from susta inable sources
and finished in coloured
lacquers,
/
AbhijitBansod, India
34
0
Titan Design Studio,
34
India

Wood, lacquer, clock

34
1
mechanism
(}
Renewableand
3
27
sustainable materials
Q.
lORAaward, 1998
33
2

Q
:::r

o
o
3
III

ri '
"1J
(3
0..
C
!+
VI
2.1 IntheOffice
2 .2 Transport
2.3 Public Spaces
2.4 Architecture
2.5 Machines
2.6 Other Products
Introduction
(Work: An Evolving Concept)
Although there is a
tendency to think of the
world as one huge post-
industrial society, the
reality is that it is a myriad
of societies, some still
firmly rooted in feudal
agrarian systems, others
heavily industrialized and
st ill others dominated by
service indust ries. It is
therefore untrue, an d
possi blyda nge rous ly
mis leading, to think that
everyone perceives
probl ems of sustai nability
and work in the same way.
In the deve loped world
' inform at ion' is just as
mu ch a raw mater ial as
t imber, iron , steel and
chem icals are in an
industria lized society. The
main difference is in t hei r
environme ntal impacts . In
the information society t he
worker needs access to a
workstation, which may be
in the office, at home or
(in the case of a laptop
computer) somewhere in
between. Mobile phone
and wireless technology
means that workstations
no longer have to be
connected to physical local
area networks (LANs) or
fixed telecommunications
points. The worker may not
nee d to trave l personally
to a physical place of work
and thus less transport
ene rgy is used. In an
indust rialized society,
however, t he worker has to
t ravel to t he factorywhere
ot her worke rs and physica l
ma terials are gat here d for
the purpose offabricating a
prod uct. But bot h t he
information and ind ustria l
workers consume finite
resources and energy and
produce waste, toxins and
hazardous chemicals. All
societies must therefore
de sign products, materials
and services that reduce
their environmental
impacts.
Work continues beyond
the workplace. Domestic
prod ucts that have become
essent ial to a way of
life, such as washi ng
mac hines an d to ilets , need
improvement s to increas e
their efficiency of energy
and wate r use. Oth er
appliances s uch as
kettl es and cookers mu st
also become more
efficient during the ir lives
as such and be cap able
of disass emb ly for recycling
of the mater ials at t he
end of their lives.
Transporting people and
distributing goods
Work involves trans porting
people, dist ribut ing goods
or bot h. While electronic
networks can reduce the
need to move people
physically, most work
involves some travel.
More efficient transport
systems are therefore
crit ical. Fuel efficiency
needs to be improved for
modes of tra nsport that
run on internal combustion
engines . At t he same
ti me , lower-imp act fuels
and tr ansport product s
powered with renewab le
ene rgy need to be
develop ed. Above all,
public transport syste ms
have to be coordi nate d to
provide peop le with t he
flexibilityand freedom.
The average super-
market, furniture store or
trade outlet, especially in
the developed northern
hemisphere, will have
product s from all over the
world. Transported over
great distances, expending
vast quant it ies of energy, a
product' s trans port energy
can sometimes exceed the
ene rgy used to make it.
Red uction in packaging
weight and volume is a
perennial challenge to
distrib utor s. Even the
smallest saving in
packaging for eac h product
can repr esent huge savings
in tr ansport energy and
wast e produ ction for t he
ret ailer or midd le-man in
the dist ributio n chain.
One-way-trip packaging
ca n often be replaced
by lightweight, reusa ble
packaging systems, and
a emphasis on local
prod ucts sol d in local
markets cou ld also
result in large savings.
Working lightly:
a sustainable day
At the office and factory
more efficient working
practi ces are aided by well-
designed, durable, eas ily
main tained prod ucts. It
is now possible to have
one office machine to serve
a network and provide
facilities to fax, photoco py,
print and sca n. Digital files
ca n be share d on local and
int ernat ional networks.
The paperless office is a
parti al reality. Offices can
be equipped with durable,
modular furni tu re systems
and ca rpets can be
replac ed under a lease-
ma inte nance contract.
Office consumables
can use recycled content
and reus ed components.
In industrial production
facilities designers,
in coordination with
environmenta l managers,
can reduce inputs of energy
and materials an d increase
efficiencies in prod uction
and distr ibution. Waste
streams provide anot her
so urce of raw material and
closed- loop recycling
of process che micals
and mat erials ens ures
improved eco-efficiency,
bett er profits and improved
worker health . Design can
help deliver a ' triple bott om
line' of redu ced imp act s
on the environment,
improved social benefits
and profitab ility.
Wor k tasks in the home
vary from washi ng the
dishes , the clothes or the
car to kee ping t he house
in good repair . Futu re
activities might include
maintenance to check
the efficacy of renewable
power ap pliances or wate r-
conservation systems or
removing compost from
the waterless toilet.
Asustainabl e working
day in 2025 might involve
some of the prod uct s tha t
follow on these pages.
Arena Vision 4
01
This oval -shaped unit is
s uitable for exterior and
interior light ing of sports
facilities. Light output has
been improved by 10-15 per
cent for the same power
input. Disassembl y allows
sep aration of the
component mat er ial s and
most parts can be recycled .
/
Phi/ip, De' ign,
3
09
Netherland,
.,
Philip, Electronics,
3
22
Netherland,

Diecast aluminium,
295
glass

Improvedenergy 328,
efficiency
3
29
De,ignfardi,assembly
XKseries
Exit signs fitte d wit h
incandescent lamps can
now be fitted wit h energy-
efficient LED lamps with
potential energy savings of
up to 90 per cent. A
retrofitting kit includes th e
appropriate scr ew bases
and sockets.

LumatechCorporation,
32
0
USA
.,
LumatechCorporation,
3
20
USA

LED,

Improvedenergy
329
efficiency
Lights
Virtual Daylight'
systems
Many office workers suffer
from fat igue and illness
as a direct res ult of the
poo r lighting in th eir
work environment.
Virtual Daylight' " Systems
use a combination of
pola rization , high
. frequency and full-
s pect rum technology to
rep roduce daylight-quality
illumination. The systems
are designed to use less
energy than con venti on al
office lighting and offe r a
sig nifican t boos t to those
prone to Sea son al Affective
Disorder (SAD) .
/
Cleatvision Lighting,UK
3
'4
e
Clearvision Lighting,UK
3
1
4

Various

Simulateddayli ghtfor
3
28
healthierwork
environment
LEDlOO-TE
The LED100-TE syste m
offer s a ran ge of
customized diffuse rs and
reflect ors for down-light ing,
which can be fitt ed into two
basic hous ings . There are
nine 'Architect ura l', four
'Deco' and six ' Eco'
diffuser / reflector options.
Each ho using incorporates
a tilti ng light holder for low-
energy bulb s and is fitted
with electronic co nt rol
gea r, saving 30 per cent
over conventional ballasts.

ConcordLighting, UK
3
14
e
ConcordLighting, UK
3
'
4

Die-cast aluminiumand
polycarbonate
,}
Energy-,aving,
3
29
cuslomizablelighting
system
Aeron
Biomorp h multi desk
Correct posture while
working at a computer is
essential for good health.
This desk permits
adjust me nt of the height of
t he platform s holdi ng the
com put er monitor and t he
keyboard and features safe,
rounded edges to all
compone nts.
/
Stephen Barlow-
3
04
Lawson, USA
.,
GroundSupport Equip-
3
17
ment (US) Ltd, USA

Paintedfibreboard, steel
339

Fullyadjustabledesk
3
29
offershealth
advantages
The Aeron chair rep resents
a st ep change in the way
office cha irs are designed.
It is man ufactured in t hree
sizes to acco mmodate
diver sity of the human
form and weight , making
it su itable for use rs up
to 136kg (zoolb) in
weight and from the first
percentile female to the
ninety-ninth percent ile
male. It has very advanced
ergonomics. Pneumatic
height adjustment, a
sophisticat ed Kinemat
tilt system and the Pellicle,
a synthet ic, breathable,
membrane, are
com ponents of t he seat
pan, which adj usts to
individual body sha pes .
The manufacturing process
use s les s energy than
convent ional foam
construc tion and the use
of discret e components
of synthetic and recycled
mat erials faci litates
disas se mb ly and ease
of repair for worn
com ponents (which are
subs equ ently recycled) .
Such des ign improves t he
long evity of the product.
Components are made
of one material rather than
a mixture of material s
to facilitate futu re reu se
and recycling.
/
BillStumpfand Don
3
05
Chadwick, Herman
Miller
.,
Herman Miller, Inc,
3
18
USA 1991topresent

Plastic (PET, ABS, nylon

34
1
andglass-Jillednylons),
steel, aluminiumand
f oam/fabric

Improvedergonomics 328,
Designfordisassembly,
329
recyclingand
remanufacturing
Singlematerial
components
a sinuous style to suit the
user and to be rolled up
when not in use.
#
Luigi Baroli, Italy
3
04
.,
Baleriltalia SpA, Italy
3
'3

Corrugatedpaperboord,
339,
aluminium, CFCfree
34
'
technopolymer

Renewableandj or
32] ,
recyclablemateria"
3
28
Cleanproduction
Cartoons
Cartoons is a flexible, free-
standing screen suitable
for partitioning in domestic
and office spaces.
Corrugated paper-board
extracted from pure
cellulose is st iffenedat
the edges with a closure
of cold-processed, CFC-
free polyurethane and
at the ends with die-
cast aluminium. This
configuration allowsthe
screen to be positioned in
produced an accessory that
improves efficiency in even
the most overcrowded
office - the Lap Desk, an
extended area on which to
rest your laptop compute r
and use as a white-board
for that vital 'to do' list.
/
Howorth, lnc., USA
31]
e
Howorth, lnc., USA 31]

Variouspolymers

MultifUnctionaloffice
3
2
9
auessory
Lapdesk
Officeworkpractices,
such as 'hot desking' and
workingremotelyvia
intra- and extra-nets, are
nowadays demanding
more flexibil ity from
equipment. Desk space
has never been at such a
premium, so Haworth have
Natura
/
GrammerAG,Germany
3
17
0
GrammerAG, Germany
3
17

Various polymet>, 295-7

metalsincluding
recycledcontent
(}
Recyclableand
327,
reusable materialsand
3
28
components
Product take-back
ap propriate accessory to
t he mount ing rail.
Different types of task
lights can be attached to
the rail and all the
accessories can be eas ily
adjusted for a ' hot des king'
role. Although there are
four ba sic variations to the
system it is also possible to
purchase eac h module
independent ly so you can
' grow' the system to su it
your needs.
/
Haworth, lnc.,USA
3
17
0
Haworth, lnc., USA
3
17

Variousmetalsand 295-7
polymm
(}
MultifUnctional
328,
modularsystem
3
29
Designforneed
Jump Stuff,
Jump Stuffll
Everybody customizes
their domestic s pace, so
why not the work space
too? Through an extended
series of pro jects and
development of conceptual
prototypes in the mid- to
late 1990S, such as the Flo
& Eddy wor kstation,
Haworth examined the
cogn itive ergon omics of
the des k area. The outcome
is the JumpStuff system,
which allows individuals to
select the compo nent s they
require to ma ximize the
functionality and comfort
of the ir own de s ks. The
spine of the syst em is a
free -standing or panel-
Jwall-mounted rail to which
t he mo du lar components
can be attached. Whatever
your regular ta sks, you can
attach and orient th e
In 1993 the company
launched a new collection
of office chairs, called
' Nat ura'. The basic premise
of the design brief was to
create a group of products
that could be taken back by
the company at the en d of
thei r act ive life and be
easily refu rbished or the
components reused.
Additional criteria were to
improve durability, use
env ironmenta lly benign
ma ter ials and exte nd
product life. Grammer had
to introduce a new system
to permit product ret urn
and worked closel y with
existing customers to make
s ure the scheme was
accepted. This product
range exemplifies producer
resp onsibil ity and the
adoption of the long view.
tv
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Ensemble BlO
This injection-moulded
seat is made of Stapron N,
a blend of ABS and PA,
which is manufactured with
integral air pockets. It is
soft and more pliable and
provides improved comfort
over polypropylene, which
is often used for this type
of chair. Stapron N is
designed to be fully
recyclable.
/
AlfredHofmann,
3
07
Denmark
0
Fritz Hansen, Denmark
3
17

Stapron N, chrome-
295
platedsteel
(}
Arecycfable plastic
3
27
Herman Miller
Office Envi ronment
Today's offices are often a
conglomeration of
products competing for
space and visual attention
and bound together by a
matrixof unruly cables.
Traditionally designers of
officespace treat flooring
and furniture as distinct
components. Not so Ross
Lovegrove, who has
considered officedesign
literally from the floor up.
The Herman MillerOffi ce
Environment exploits the
full panoplyof modern
materials to achievean
integrated, modular but
flexible system. Afloor tile
sits on a baseplate
providing a cavernous
space for ducting of service
cables and pipes. Table
supports fit into the tiles
and lightweight table tops
connect to the supports.
This 3-Dmatrixoffers a
neutral, translucent,
above-floor environment,
which can be perfectly
customized to suit clients'
current and future needs.
Precision-engineered
componen ts encourage
easy maintenance,
replacement of worn
parts, expansion of existing
faciliti es and ease of
disassembly and reuse
or recycling. As legislation
for 'producer responsibility'
gathers more momentum
in the USA other
manufacturers may be
driven to rethinktheir
existing designs . This
system is one that shows
the way.
/
Ross Lovegrove, UK
3
08
0
Conceptualprototype,
3
18
Herman Miller, USA

Technopolymers, high- 295-7

impact polystyrene,
aluminium, steel, gas-
filledpolymers
(}
Custamizable,
328,
modularsystem
3
29
Designfordurability,
maintenance and
disassembly
DrOol a
This fully adjust able
foot rest, designed for
people who spend
long hou rs at desks or
workst atio ns, is made
from recycled plast ic.
Ut ilitarian objects, such as
this footre st, are idea l
candidates for specifying
recyclates as oppos ed to
virgin materials.
/
Philippe Starck, France
3
10
4)
VitroAG, Germany
3
26

Recycledplastics
34
1

Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
Singlematerialto
facililaterecycling
Eddy workstation
Comfort and ergonomics
at the average office
workstation leave a lot to
be desired. Haworth
considered a numbe r of
concept designs in
1996-97 that embraced
cognit ive ergonomics,
i.e. making t he funct ionality
of the spa ce mirro r the
act ivity of t he human brain.
In this workstat ion,
information, working not es
and devices can be
physically grou ped on t he
most relevant area of the
curvilinear fibreglass
shelving .
/
ClarksonThorpeand 310,
Steve Beukema,
3
1
7
Haworth, USA
4)
Prototype, Haworth,
3
'7
USA

Fibreglass, Plexiglass,
leather, silicone, latex
rubber, steel

Improvedworking
3
29
environmentfor
greaterproductivity
andcomfort
Model 4070
Germany is the only
country in the world where
used laminated beverage
cartons are transformed
into dense , strong sheet ing
suitable for furniture,
displays and office
accesso ries. This set of
conference table and chairs
uses Tectan" fixed to steel
frames. Tectan" comprises
about 7S per cent paper,
20 per cent polyethylene
and Sper cent aluminium,
reflecting the original ratio
of materials in the cartons
produced by international
manufacturers such
as TetraPak. Waste is
collected under the
DSD(Duales System
Deutschland AG), then
sorted and shredded
to create downcycled
feedstockof smm (' /5 in)
particles. The feedstock is
fed into a mould where it
is subjected to suffi cient
heat and pressure to bond
the particles without
adding new adhesives.
/
Tecton, Germany
324
.,
Tecton, Germany
324

Tecton
e
, steel 292

Recycledmaterials
3
27
/
Adam Berkowitz, USA
3
0
4
.,
ArborVitae, USA
3' 2

Oakwood, hempf abric, 290 -1,

organicfinishes
339

Greenprocurement
3
27
fromcertifiedsources
Renewablematerials
/
Steelcase, Inc., USA
324
.,
Steek ase, Inc., USA
324

Recycled PET, plated

34
1
steel, polyester

Designfordisassembly 327,
andeaseof repair
3
28
Recycledandrecyclable
materials
Low-impact
manufacturing
Armchair
Organic offi ce furniture is
the aim of Adam Berkowitz,
who uses oak from
sustainably managed
forests, woven hemp
webbing and organic
citrus oils and paints
for finishing.
LeapT'"seating
Building on the lessons
learnt from the design of
the Protege Chair in ' 99
'
,
teap'" Seating is one of
Steelcase' s leading
products with respect
to recycling, waste
reduction and low-impact
manufacturing. The basic
design is verydurable
but parts can be easily
removed for repair or
upgrading if required. At
least 92 per cent of the
chair's parts are recyclable
and the cushioning used in
the upholsteryis made of
SO per cent-recycled PET.
During manufacture
adhesives and paints with
no or limited Volatile
Organic Compounds
(VOCs) and water-based
metal-plating processes
considerably reduce
aquatic and aerial
emissions. Employee
workingconditions at the
Grand Rapids, Michigan,
factoryhave also been re-
engineered to provide a
more healthy environment.
What will happen to the
chair at the end of its life
has not yet been defined,
but leasing and take-back
are options all responsible
manufacturers will have to
consider in the near future.
Furniture
X-In Balance workplace
screen
Economic use of materials
is of direct benefit to the
environment, yet achieving
this aim is often a daunting
task, in which lightness has
to be balanced against the
need to fulfi l functional
requirement s. X-In Balance
achieves this goal and more.
/
Gerald Wurz,Austria
3
11
0
NovaForm/ Kautzky 3
'9,
Mechanik,Austria
3
21

Balloonsilk,steel 290'1,
295

Economy of materials 327,
usage
3
28
Lightweight recyclable
materials
Lowenergy af
manufacturing and
transport
Pict o, Kendo Stit z,
FSrange
Wilkhahn inititated a
project in 1992 entitled
' Environmental Control'
with the support of the
Ministryfor Environmental
and Economic Affairs for
the state of LowerSaxony.
Following an audit of their
corporate eco-balance of
inputs and outputs, teams
were set up to reduce
environmental impacts in
production and to select
materials within an
integrated ITframework.
The Wilkhahnrange of
officeseat ing is designed
to minimize polluting
processes during
production. Chrome
plating of metals is avoided
and upholstery is made
from durable, wear-
resistant wool and
polyester fabrics without
gluing or welding.
Allfurniture is easily
asse mbled/ disass embled/
maintained and individual
components can be
recovered for recycl ing
upon disasse mbly.
/
Produkt Entwicklung 39
Roericht, Germany
0
Wilkhahn+ Hahne 3
26
GmbH, Germany

Pure-grade metals,
295
thermoplastics

Clean production
327,
Designfor disassembly 3
28
andrecycling
Furniture
Non-toxic
workstati on
This is ess entia llya
modular, orga nic range
of office furn iture,
which at the end of
its useful life can be
further recycled or
composted, retu rning
the constituents back
to the bios phere.
Attention to detail
ensures a flexible
working environment
with a range of furn iture
configurations.
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Office furniture
This modu lar system of
shelving, worktops an d
des ks uses t he composite
materials Homos ote and
Medex wit h the natural
look of card boar d in a
minima list design that
emphasizes the simple
virtues of t he materials.
/
Erez SteinbergandGia
3
10
Giasullo, Studioeg, USA
4)
Studioeg, USA
324

Homasote, Medex, 2]8

cardboard

Low-energymaterials
3
28
Modularsystem
/
Erez Steinberg. Studio
3
10
egoUSA
4)
ads/ Studioego USA
3
24

Organic materials,
34
1
recycled andreused
woodandpaper

Renewableand
32].
recyclablematerials
34
0
Lowenvironmental
impact
Sundeala medium
board screen
The original Sundeala
company began
manufacturi ng fibreboard
from waste cellulose in
1898 and for the last
seventy years Sundeala
board s have ut ilized
recycled newsp rint as the
primary mat erial. ' K' quality
unbleached natur al board
is for interior use, while 'A'
quality with natural binder s
and colouring to red uce
mois ture penet ration is
suitable for shelte red
exterior use.
/
Celotex, UK
3
1
4
4)
Celotex, UK
3
'
4

recycled newsprint.
34
1
natural binders

Reducedwaste disposal
32],
Recycled and recyclable
3
28
material
Viper
Eliptical cross-section
cardboard tubes made
from recycled paper are
connected to each other,
top and bottom, by
a specially moulded
plastic capping. Extensive
articulation between
adjacent tubes permits
the screen to be rolled up
when not in use.
"
HansJakobsen,
3
0
7
Denmark
.,
Fritz Hansen, Denmark
3'7

Cardboard, plastic 283,

288-9

Recycledmaterial
3
2
7
STEP
Acombination of different-
sized, lightweight, plywood
veneered tabletops can be
quickly assembled and linked
together to form flexible
arrangements as required.
Legs and connecting plates
are made of aluminium and
all the various components
can be stored on a purpose-
built trolley.
"
Karba{Karb,
308,
Switzerland, andDyes,
3' 5
Germany
0
Dyes, Germany
3'5

Aluminium,plywood
295

Lightweight,
3
29
multifunctional
furniture
Supi ne workst ati on
This bespoke workstation
was designed for a
computer specialist who
found it impossible to work
at a conventional deskfor
any length of time because
of three fused vertebrae
in his lower back. The
Center for Rehabilitation
Technologydeveloped a
workstation that can be
rolledtowards the chair
and locked in position.
Once the user is seated
the chair can be tilted
backwards and the monitor
and keyboard swung into
position.
"
Julius T. Corkranand
3
05
AlanHarp, USA
.,
Centerfor Rehabilitation
3
0
5
Technology, Collegeof
Architecture, Georgia
InstituteafTechnalogy,
USA

Various

Designfor
3
29
personalization
providingextracomfort
Curva
Reuse of existing materials
or manufactured
components requires
verylittle or no energy
input and is a quickwayof
reintroducing resources
into the materials stream.
De Denktank have come up
with a stimulating example
of reuse with their Curva
flexible yet unbreakable
ruler, made from discarded
aluminium venetian-blind
slats obtained from local
recycl ing depots. Silkscreen
printed graphics are
printed on to the original
coloured slats and 100 per
cent-recycl ed packaging is
used to protect the ruler
during distribution and
retailing. Simplicity is a
keyelement of this design.
Episola
Using a pencil as the
fulcrum, this exquisitely
simple set of scales allows
letters to be graded for
correct stamping, It also
serves as a letter opener
and involves minimal use
of materials and energy
during manufacturing.
/
De Denktank,
3
05
Netherlands
0
De Denktank,
3
05
Netherlands

Reusedaluminium
295

Reuseof materials
3
28
Lowenergy

Q.
DesignSenseaward,
33
2
1999
/
Teo Enlund, Sweden
3
06
0
Simplicitas, Sweden
3
24

Metal 295

Economyofmaterials
327,
ondlowembodied 328,
energy
34
0
Karisma
Sanford UK is part of the
Sanford Corporation, which
is the world's largest
manufacturer of pencils
based upon waste wood
products, a mixture of
wood flour and polymers.
Allwood-cased pencils
manufactured bySanford
UK use wood from
managed forests and,
where possible, pencils are
protected bywater-based
varnishes, which are
hardened by ultraviolet
light, rather than using
solvent-based inks.
Packaging and plastic
waste are recycled at the
production plant.
/
SanfordUKLtd, UK
3
23
0
SanfordUKLtd. UK
3
23

Wood, waterbased 298,

varnishes
339

Recycledmaterials 327,
Cleanproduction
32
8
Supplychain
management
GreenDisk
Ex-Microsoft program disks
are recycled by del eti ng the
dat a and triple-testin g so
as to guarantee that the y
are virus- and error-free.
A new labe l is added and
the dis ks are boxed in packs
of ten or twenty-five usi ng
recycled brown ca rdboard.
/
GreenDisk, USA
3
1
7
e
GreenDisk,USA
3
17

Recycledfloppydisks
34
'

Reusingandrecycling
327
existingproducts
/
SaveACupRecycling
3
23
Company, UK
.,
SaveACupRecycling
3
2
3
Company, UK

Polystyrene
34
1

Recycledmaterials
3
27
recyclat e is suita ble for
low-grade use s uch as
pen s, rulers and key rings .
Drinks vendi ng machines
da ilyconsume vast
quanti t ies of st anda rd
Somrn polystyrene cups to
satisfy t he t hirst of office
workers and use rs of publ ic
spaces. All t hos e s pent
cups - what a waste! Save
ACup has organi zed direct
or thir d-party collection
of use d cups in all the
maj or UKcities, using
specia llydes igned bins
and mac hines to shred
the cups . Compa nies
regist ered with the UK' s
Environ ment Agency
can obtain a Packaging
Recovery Not e (PRN)
for the to nnage recycled
to com ply wit h the
UKPackaging Wast e
Regulat ions . The feeds tock
\
SaveACup
/
BoydWillat, USA
3
27
e
WillatWriting
3
27
Instruments, USA

Metal,gel
295

Designforcomfortand
3
29
customization
/
Edward DouglasMiller, 307,
Remarkable Pencils, UK
3
2
3
.,
RemarkablePencils, UK
3
23

Recycledpolystyrene,
34
'
graphite, additives

Reduces resource
3
28
consumption
Reduces waste
producti on
Recycling
Sensan'pen
Gripping a pen for an
extended period can cause
discomfort. A soft, non-
toxic gel around the grip
area mould s itself to fit the
user' s fingers as it warms
up and co nseque ntly
improves co mfort . Once
the gel cools it ret urns to
its original shape.
Remarkable recycled
pencil
Used polystyre ne cups
from vending machines are
shredded and re-processed
into a new ' plast ic alloy' , in
which graphite and other
ma terials are mixed with
polystyrene and extrude d
in a specia l die to create
a new type of pencil.
It performs as well as
trad itiona l ' lead' pencils
and helps reduce
consumption of the timber
that traditionally encases
the lead.
EPSON Stylus Scan 2000
Convergen ce of digital
technology has enabled
Epson to combine th ree
functions in one machine,
with significant savings in
materials resources. This
small desktop mach ine
perm its printing , scanning
and copying and embod ies
a design philos ophy that is
moving toward s a Factor
4 reductio n in resource
us age. In recogniti on of the
importance of aesthet ics
in t he office, it has a range
of coloured cover panels,
allowi ng custo mers to
choo se one to complement
their local decor.
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o
33
()
fl)
modern of ailments.
Acurved keyboard and
pa lm rest ing pads ensure
less t iring movements.
Single-handed keyboard
'Access for all' is the clarion
cry of the prop onents of
the Informat ion Age but
convention al keyboa rd
design deni es access to
individuals wit h disabilit ies.
Maltron' s single-ha nded
head/m out h stick keyboard s
are too ls to help them
overcome thi s hurdl e and to
enjoy what others take for
granted . The Etype keyboard
is also a tool for t hose
suffering from repet it ive
strain injury (RSI), that most
GP225series
A photo cop ier, printer ,
fax machine and, more
recent ly, a scanner have
become the sta nda rd
compl ement of desktop
equipment for most
businesse s. Can on ' s
Networ ked Office Syste ms ,
such as the GP225 Series ,
have avoided the
/
PCD Maltron Ltd,UK
3
2 2
0
PCD Maltron Ltd, UK
3
2 2

Variousplastics.
34
1
electronics

Improveduserhealth
3
2
9
Improved au essto
informationfor those
withdisabilities
unn ecessary use of paper
when using individua l,
mono-funct ion machines
by integrat ing t he function s
into one networked
system. Prod uctivity can
be increased and use
of cons umables, such
as toner and pa per, is
reduced.
/
Seika Epson
3
10
Corporouon.j apan
0
EpsonDeutschland
3
16
GmbH, Germany

Various

Resourceefficiency
3
29
q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
/
Canon.japan
3
1
4
0
Canon,japan
3
1
4

Various

Reductionin
328,
consumablesand
3
29
energyconsumption
q.
EnvironmentalChoice
EcoLogo M eco-label,
Canada
PagePro8
This compact desktop laser
printer boasts a small
footprint and low noise
operation thanks to the
absence of a ventilation
fan. Lowemissions,
lowenergyconsumption
and a recyclable plastic
casing combine to
make the PagePr08 an
excellent example of more
environmentally conscious
manufacturing.
/
Yoshihiro Ichi, Industrial
3
0
7
DesignDivision,
Minolto,japan
(
Minolta,japan
3
20

Plasticcasing, 283,
electronics
295

Lowenergy 328,
consumption
3
29
Lowemissionof
harmfulsubstances
Lownoise
Recyclable materials
4
iF EcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 1999
ECOSYS
The current range of nine
ECOSYS laser printers
manufactured by Kyocera
constitutes a modular design
system that permits
upgrading from a simple
desktop personal printer, the
FS-680, capable of 8ppm, to
the free-standing FS-gooo,
which has an output of up to
36ppm. These printers use
specially developed long-life
drum technology rather tha n
cartridges, so onlythe toner
has to be replenished.
Consequentl y maintenance
requirement s and operating
costs are low.
/
FAPorschewith
3
09
Kyocera, japan
(
Kyocera,japan
3' 9

Various

Reductionin
3
28
consumabfes
Modularupgrade path
Xe rox" Document
Centre 470 a nd 460
series
The XeroxCorporation
was an earlyadopter of
greener manufacturing,
environmental
management systems
and product take-back.
This has meant des igning
standardized parts that are
interchangeable across a
range of products and are
clearlyidentified to assist
with reuse and recycling.
Products are also des igned
for ease of disassemblyto
facilitate reuse, recycling
or materials recovery.
Areduction inthe total
number of parts in each
machine is also cent ral
to the company's design
philosophy. The Xerox"
Document Centre 470 and
460" series are typicalof
networked, multifunctional
machines capable of
copying, printing, faxing
and scanning. The series
is EnergyStar compliant,
the sleep mode requiring
just 65watts, compared
with, ,425watts in
operational and 260 watt s
inlowpower mode.
/
Xerox Corporation, USA
3
26
e
XeroxCorporation, USA
3
26

Various

Multifunctionality 327,
Designf ordisassembly 328,
Reduction inmaterials 3
2
9
usagein
manufacturing
Product take-back
:::>
....
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(I)
o

n
(I)
/
IBMPersonal Systems
3
18
GroupDesign. IBM
Corporation, USA
., IBMCorporation. USA
3
18

Recycledplastics. 28
3
electronics 295

Recycledcontent
3
27
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
IBMInt ell iSt at ion EPro
This is the worl d's first
PC to use 100 per cent-
recycled plastics for t he
cas ings for th e mon it or.
CPU and keyboard. These
components are up to
20 per cent chea per th an
t hose made from virgin
mat eri als. A sma ll desktop
foot print is matched to
a high-specification
works tation suita ble for all
types of professiona l uses
from gra phics to financial
and business networ ks.
MultisyncLT 140
This lightweight, compact
data projector has a
PCMIA-card drive, which
permits the unit to be
used without linking up
to a Pc. The total number
of compone nt s has
been kept to a minimum
and upon disassembly
material s are easily
separated into pure-
grade s. A slot is provided
to st ore the remote
control and a peripheral
mou se enabl es
annotations to be made
on t he project ed dat a.

IDEOProduct
3
07
Development.j apan
0
NECDeutschland
3
21
GmbH, Germany

Various

Economyof materials
3
27
.
usage
3
28
Designfordisassembly

iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
Packagingand Shipping
This lightweight packaging
made of recyclable PEuses
air as the shock-absorbing
material to protect goods
in transit. Aiml air bags
are produced in standard
and bespoke sizes,
providinga viable, less
expensive alternative to
polystyrene 'chips' and
' bubble wrap' . The Airf]]
system significantly
reduces storage space
requirements and allows a
/
KayserbergPackaging,
3
1
9
France
.,
KayserbergPackaging,
3
1
9
France

Polypropylene 296-7
(}
Reusableand
3
28
recyclable
BlueAngeleeo-Iabel
Akylux
Polypropylene sheeting is
a resilient alternative to
corrugated cardboard,
especially when it can
encourage multi-trip,
reusable packaging.
Kayserberg Packaging have
designed numerous box
systems with internal
compartments , which can
be reused for distribution
of components and
finished products. Being
the onlycompo nent in this
product, the PPcan easily
be recycled when it reaches
the end of its useful life.
reduction in the thickness
of the outer packaging
material. It is also reusable,
clean and free of dust.
/
AmasecAirjil, UK
3
12
.,
AmasecAirjil, UK
3' 2

Polyethylene
296' 7
(}
Reductioninmaterials
327,
usage
3
28
Useofa recyclable
plastic
range of inflatable,
transparent nylonf PE
bags with resealable
valves, which add very
litt le to gross parcel
weight. Although the
manufacturers advise
additional external
protection with cardboard
to prevent puncture of the
polymer mix, some users
have discovered great
publicity value in allowi ng
the contents of their Ai r
Boxes to be revealed. It is
reported that IBM sent an
invitation to a breakfast
meeting with an egg
enclosed.
Airfil
Packaging materials are
dead weight, which
imposes a cost on the
sende r or recipient and
consumes transport
energy. Li ghtweight yet
st rong materials are the
nirvana to which every
packaging designer aspires.
Air Box is an off-the-shelf
Air Box
/
AirPackaging
3
12
Technologies, USA
e
AirPackaging
3
12
Technologies, USA

Nylonandpolyethyl ene 296-7

mixture
(}
Lightweight, reusable
3
28
packagingsystem
/
Cargill DawPalymers, 3
14
USA/Netherlands
0
Cargill DowPolymers,
3
14
USA/Netherlands

PLA - EcaPLA' 28
3

Biodegradable plastic
3
27
Compostable organic
refuse bag
Disposal of mun icipal
biodegradable waste,
such as leaves, grass and
weeds, is facilitated by
using this sack made
of a biodegradable
thermoplastic, polylactide
or PLA, derived from lact ic
acid. At landfill or compost
sites the bags can be
disposed of along with the
waste. These bags offer a
number of advantages over
kraft paper bags, such
as improved strength for
wet contents and easier
handling.
Natural gourd
packaging
Harnessing nature to
manufacture standardized
goods has long been the
preserve of the farmer, but
now product designers may
benefit too. Gourds, which
are traditionally used in
many tropical countries,
can be encouraged to grow
into specific shapes by
surrounding them with a
plywood mould, the final
form being controlled by
the intended usage.
/
AJ. Velthuizen,
3
11
European Design
Centre, and R. S. Wall,
RotterdamAcademyof
Architecture al, Urban
Planning. Netherlands
0
Prototype

Gourds
339

Renewable and
compostablematerials
327,
Verylow-energy 'bio-
3
28
manufacturing'
Cull-Un Pack
This is a UN-certified
packaging design for the
transport of hazardous
chemicals in glass
containers. Astrong
moulded pulp base and
top, made from used
cardboard boxes , protects
the containers, which are
enclosed in a corrugated
cardboard outer. It meets
/
RabertCullen al, Sans,
3
23
UK
0
RobertCullen al, Sons,
323
UK

100 percent-recycled 288-9

paperandboard

Recycled, renewable
327
materials
stringent safety tests,
including a 1.9m (6ft)
drop, which had previously
been met only by using
expanded polystyrene
packaging. All the materials
are from recycled sources
and the packs can be
delivered flat, saving
valuable delivery space.
(0. S4 sq ua re ft). At the end
of th ei r usefu l working lives
the polypropylene is
recycled. An eco bala nce
st udy by Ecobalance
Appl ied Resea rch Gmb H
revea led significant ly less
environmenta l impact from
the IFCO syste m t han from
convent iona l one-way
corruga ted car dboa rd
boxes.
/
International Food
3
18
Container Organization
GmbH, Germany
e
International Food
3
18
ContainerOrganization
GmbH, Germany

Polypropylene 296-7
(}
Recyclable single
328,
material
3
29
o Closed loopsystem
Reductions inunit
manufacturingand
transport energy
o BlueAngeleco-label
IFCOreturnable
t ransit packaging
Eleven sta nda rd sizes of
flat-pack, reusable plast ic
containe rs with venti late d
s ides are meant for t ransit
packaging for all types of
fres h produ ce. The IFCO
system is use d in ove r
thirty count ries and an
es t ima ted seve nty million
packag ing unit s are in
ci rculation. Compat ible
wit h loading on Euro and
ISO pallets , th e units are
of cons ta nt tare, are eas ily
clea ned and whe n folded
redu ce storage space
requireme nts by 80
per cent. Unit weight-
to -volume rat ios are
economical: tare weights
vary from 0 .6Skg (l ib 7oz)
to 1.7Skg (31b'4oz), giving
res pective storage volumes
of between 0 .01 square
met res (0.11 sq uare ft)
and o.OSsquare metres
Pallecon 3Autoflow
Made of sheet and sol id
ste el, thi s co nta ine r
is suitable for t rans porting
a wide range of
industrial liquids from
pha rmaceutical produ ct s
to foods t uffs. It is em pt ied
via a sump through valves,
which are recyclabl e, and
is easily cleaned between
consig nme nts . It can
be sto red int o one-t hird of
its original size by folding
the sides, thu s saving
valua ble ca rgo space .
Meeti ng EUsta nda rds
and with an expected
serv ice life of ten years,
the Palleco n 3 Autoflow
can be enti rely recycled at
th e en d of its use ful life.
/
LSKIndustriesPly Ltd,
3
1
9
Australia
.,
LSKIndustries Pl y Ltd,
3
19
Australia
.-
Steel
295

(}
o Singlematerialto 328,
facilitaterecycling
329
Reusableand
recyclable
o Potentialreductionof
transport energy
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
tactile. translucent
and shatter -proof
Metocene (metallocene
polypropylene) requires
46 per cent less energy
during manufacturing by
injection moulding and
reduces transport volume
by33per cent - ample
proof that this redesign
reduces environmental
impacts.
/
VarioPac Disc Systems
3"
GmbH, Germany
.,
Ehlebracht AG,
3
1
5
Germany

MetoceneX5008, 296-7

Reduction of materials
3
2
7.
usage
3
28
Reductionof embodied
andtransport energy
q.
iFEcologyDesign
332
Award,2000
Vari oPac'i"
The st ruggle to extract
CDs from their protective
covers is consigned to
the past thanks to this
well-conceived and
-manufactured product.
Simply press the lever in
the corner to eject the
CD. An assess ment by
FH Li ppe of the VarioPac
Rover conventional
cases revealed that the
Packaging Waste recovery
and recycling regulations ,
so the reduced wood
content of these pallets
lowers the costs associated
with these obligations.
Velcro" tape to keep its
sha pe and strength. Each
box is capable of up to
ten trips before recycling,
reducing materials
consumption, labour
and disposal costs.
/
WeTZalit AG+Co.,
3
26
Germany
.,
WeTZalit AG+Co.,
3
26
Germany

Waste timber,resins 284,

339

Recycledmaterials
327,
Encouragesreduction
3
28
intransport-energy
consumption
/
Rexam, UK
3
2
3
.,
Rexam, UK
3
23

Corrugatedcardboard 288-9

Reusablepackaging
3
28
Presswood pallet
Unli ke traditional timber
pallets, the ' Inka' pallets
don't need to be fixed with
staples or nails since they
are manufactured from
recycl ed timber waste
bonded with water-
resistant synthet ic resins.
Other advantages over
conventional pallets
include more compact
stackingand lower tare
weight. Standard pallet
sizes meet current
European regulations
and are recycl able. As of
January200 0 , wood is
included within the EU
Rexpak'
This multi-trip cardboard
boxis being tested bythe
food-di stribution industry
in the UK. It is a collaps ible
boxthat is reconstructed
when required by folding
and using temporary
D _
/
SchaferWerke GmbH,
3
23
Germany
0
SchaferWerke GmbH,
3
23
Germany

Stainlesssteel, 295
thermoplasti c
(}
Designfordurability, 328,
disassemblyand
3
29
recyclability
Reductionintransport
energy
4
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2 000
cardboard assists
wholesalers in product
identification while st ill
providing adequate
protection of the lamps.
This philosophy is
extended to ot her
promotional and display
material such as
catalogues, retail displays
and so on.
/
PremselaandVonk,
3
09
Netherlands
0
SylvaniaLighting
3
10
International,
SwitzerlandandUSA

Cardboard, paper, 288-9

printing inks
(}
Reduction in
330
consumption of
printing inks
Sylvania
An important part of the
turnover of Syl vania
Lighting International is
directlyto electrical
equipment wholesalers.
While retaining the strong
corporate identity with
minimal graphics (the light
beam and polar curve), the
clear technical information
printed on plain brown
and can be stacked more
eas ilythan conventional
containers , making
for space savings and
improved transport
efficiency.
polyurethane sealing
rings. All parts can be
disassembled for repair,
replacement and pure-
grade recycling. The
container is suitable for
all automated KEG plants
Ji ffy
Jiffy produce a range of
bags to protect goods
transported via postal
and courier systems . The
padding is made of]2-75
per cent-recycled, shredded
newsprint and the exterior
is a tough brown paper,
which permits the bags to
be reused.
/
JiffY Packaging
3
18
Company Ltd, UK
0
JiffY Packaging
3
18
CompanyLtd, UK

Recyclednewsprint
34
'
(}
Recycledmaterials 327,
Reusable product
3
28
Die-cast, injection-
moulded, thermop lastic
base and top clip on to
the stainless-steel body of
this beverage container,
avoiding the need to
glue in place rubber or
Schafer Eco Keg
Packaging and Shigping
Top Box
The Top Box is a versatile
storage container made
of a collapsible, flat-pack,
cardboard carcass with
a hinged plastic lid
incorporating a tamper-
proof catch and carrying
handles. It is square in
section and stackable and
so can be efficientlystored
or transported without
occupying excessive space.

SamsDesignand Reed 310
CorrugatedCases,UK
0
ReedCorrugatedCases,
3
10
UK

Cardboard, plastic 288-9

Q
Reusable,
328,
multifunctional
329
storagecontainer
Potential reductionin
transport energy
3MTM8ooo
Contamination of recycled
plastic feedstock with
unknown types of plastic
can render recyclate
unusable and damage
production plant. It is
not always possible to
create labels by embossing
the information on
components or products,
so 3Mhave produced a
stick-on label that can be
used when recycl ing ABS
and polycarbonate,
ABSfpolycarbonate mixes
and polystyrene. Such
plastics are common in the
electronics indust rywhere
identification of materials
at disassembly will become
more critical as the
EU WEEE Directive on
recycling of electronic
equipment is applied
over the next fewyears.
Biopac
This biodegradable
packaging is suitable for
pharmaceutical and
confectionery products.
Biopac is compose d of
edible starch substances.

Haasa, Austria 3
']
0
HaoSQ, Austria
3
'
]

Ediblestarch
339
Q
Biodegradable, 32]
compostable

Hiep Nguyen, Gerald
3
12
Schniedermeier,
Yolanda Grievenow,
DenSuoss, 3M
Deutschland, Germany
0
3MDeutschland,
3
12
Germany

Plastics 283,
295
Q
Faci/itatesplastics
33
identificationand
recycling
q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,1999
::J
....
:r
(1)
o
:B
n
(1)
Ray Eame s. For those who
t ravel regul arly by rail the
little to uches, such as a
padded head pillow, will
be much appreciat ed.
Land
All ison bus
An improvement in fuel
economy of So per ce nt
ove r conventional powered
units is achieved by using
the Allison Elect ric Drives
hybrid system deve loped
Allison Trans mission ,
a s ubsi diary of General
Moto rs. The syste m
also gives a significant
reduct ion in em issions
of ca rbon monoxide,
hydrocarbons, part iculate
matter and nitrous oxide .
The Allison Bus represents
an opportunity to create
clea ner public t rans port
syste ms . Awell-peo pled
bus equi pped wit h such
clea n technol ogy is pat entl y
more susta inable t ha n lots
of single-occu pa ncy ca rs.
/
General Motors,USA
3
17
e
General Motors,USA
3
17
..
Various
(}
Improvedfuel
329
efficiency
Reductioninemissions
Metropolitan express
train
In cont rast t o mos t
modern t rains, the interior
of thi s new tr ain system
is mad e of enti rely natur al
or recyclable materia ls.
Wit h mo ulded laminated
wood shells and leat her
upholst ery, thi s design
makes s ignificant reference
to the original 1956
Herman Miller Model No.
670 and 671 lounge chairs
designed by Charles and
.,
..
gmp-Architekten, 307
Germany
DeutscheBahnAGand 315
Metropalitan Express
Train GmbH German
Leather, plywood, 395
stainless steel
Renewableand 327
re elablematerial s
iFDesignAward, 2000 332
/
Mike Marczynski, UK 308
.,
Business Lines, UK
3
13
..
Plastic 283,
295
(}
Improvement inroad 328,
safety
329
Reductioninpollution
Checkpoint and
Checkt ag
Loose wheel nuts can
lead to accidents, with
loss of life and possible
spillage of pollutants
and toxins into the
environment. Check point
and Checktag are two
types of plastic cap
that are pushed over a
nut once it has been
tightened to t he correct
torque. The arrows on
each cap should be
aligned unless the nuts
have worked themselves
loose. Aqu ick visua l
check is all that is needed
to identifY a rogue nut.
Land
/
Hawtal Whiting 31]
Environmental, UK
.,
Hawtal Whiting
3
1
]
Environmental, UK

Aluminium
395

Reductionofexhaust
3
29
emissions
a paybackwithin 500
miles (800km) of the
device's being fitted to
a vehicle. EVECcan be
retrofitted to old and
newvehicles, unlike
most catalytic converters,
which work onlyon
modern , lead-free
fuel engines .
/
SensorSystems
323
Watchman, UK
.,
SensorSystems
3
2
3
Watchman, UK

Radio transmitter,
34
1
telemetrydevice, PC

Significant reductionin
3
28
transport energyto
delivergoods
EVEC
This device is fitted to
the induction side of
an internal combu stion
engine and can deliver up
to 62 per cent reduction
of carbon monoxide
and 35 per cent of
hydrocarbons in the
exhaust gases. According
to the manufacturers,
lifecycle analysis shows
Tanksignal system
Aradio transmitter
monitors the fuel level in a
storage tank and sends the
information to a telemetry
device called a Signalman
fitted to the customer's
telephone network point.
This Signalman updat es a
PCat the fuel depot, so at
anytime the supplier can
work out the best route and
volume of fuel to deliver to
his customers . This system
can be used for domestic
and industrial fuel supplies.
It is est imated that it could
save up to half of the road
journeys by delivery
vehicles.
J- '
BTMInternational Ltd,
3' 3
UK
e
BTMInternational Ltd,
3
13
UK

Recycledrubber 28
3

Recycledmaterials 32] ,
Reusablesystem
3
28
Reducedenergyof
instal1ation
reinforced resin beams and
the outer skin is made of
an aramid-epoxyresin.
Aramid textiles are specially
woven in layers with the
fibres in adjacent layers
orientated at 45 degrees to
each other, giving them
greater impact resistance
and reducing flexing.
Overall the design saves
3tonnes tare weight over
conventional designs.
/
Team ofthirtydesigners,
3
11
UniversityofTechnology,
Delft, Netherlands
.,
Conceptual prototype

Variouscomposites,
395
steel, aluminium

Reductioninfuel
33
0
consumption
With a maximum gross
weight of 40 tonnes for all
European road haulage
vehicles, any reduction in
the tare weight of an empty
vehicle means potentially
more cargo capacity. The
design team were able to
remove two longitudinal
chassis girders because
the lightweight trailer
body made of dual layers of
composites was sufficiently
rigi d. The deck layer
comprises a mixture of
aramid composite, glass
fibreand balsa wood with a
high compres sion strength,
and the underneat h layer
consists of glass fibre and
aluminium sheet with a
PVC foam infill. Side panels
are reinforced with carbon-
Cold Feather
Traffi c-calming systems
installed using
conventional techniques
requireconsiderable
manpower and cause
disruption to traffic during
installation. Flexitec, a
hard-wearing modular
system of kerbs, blocks and
ramps, manufactured from
recycled rubber, is installed
byboltingeach module to
the existing road surface.
It reduces road congestion
during installation and can
be used for permanent or
temporarytraffic calming.
Flexitec
/
Pri ns Dokkum BV,
32
2
Netherlands
4)
Prins Dokkum BV,
32
2
Netherlands

Resin, carbonji bre- 284,

reinforcedtexliles
300-1
(}
Reductioninfossilfuel
3
28
consumption
Conservation of metal
reserves
/
PowerMakersPlus, UK
3
22
4)
PowerMakersPlus, UK
3
22

Tinandothermetal 295
alloys
(}
Reductionof
3
28
emissions, improved
fue!economy
Reduction of
particulateemissions
fromdieselengines
Various
Johnson Matthey, UK

Johnson Matthey, UK
generating a cleaner
exhaust stream and
improvingfuel efficiency.
Each Fuel Catalyst is
guaranteed to last
400,000km (250,000
miles). Users have reported
reduction of exhaust
emissions between 40
per cent and 70 per cent
and fuel economy improved
by15per cent.
nitrous oxide rather than
oxygen. As a result it
is low-maintenance,
requiring the filter to be
turned in the housing
every160,000km
(100,000 miles).
Fuel catalyst
Catalytic converters reduce
the emissions from exhaust
gases when retrofitted to
internal combustion
engines. Most use rare
metals to 'treat' the gases.
The Fuel Catalyst is a
metallicalloy catalytic
material made principallyof
tin-based materials, giving
improved oxidat ion during
combustion and therefore
Cont inuously
regenerat ingtrap
(CRT)
The CRTis a catalytic
converter and particle filter
for diesel-engined city
trucks and buses operating
on lowsulphur-type fuels.
The converter oxidizes the
particulate matte r at high
temperatures using
/
TRW LucasVarity
3
25
Electrical Steering, UK
4)
TRW LucasVarity
3
2
5
Electrical Steering, UK

Various
(}
Improvedf uel
3
29
consumption,avoids
risk ofescaping
pollutants
impregnated with catalyzed
resin in a straightforward
manufacturing process.
Similar principles can be
appliedto other products
traditionally made out of
metal, such as safety
helmets using aramide-
fibre-reinforced textiles.
Wheel
Any technique that saves
weight in road-vehicle
wheels yields in-built
savings in fuel
consumption . Resin
Transfer Moulding' "
is a process of making
lightweight, composite
wheels. Textiles made of
carbon-reinforced fibres are
Electrically power -
assisted steering
(EPAS)
Most power steering
systems involve installation
of a hydraulic motor and
associated piping. EPAS
uses an electronically
cont rolleddirect-drive
electronic motor and
claims to achieve a 5
per cent improvement
in fuel economy and
easy, maintenance-fee
installation. More
importantly, it avoids the
riskof contamina tion of the
vehicle and environment
with corrosive hydraulic
fluid, which can prevent
recycling. EPAS technology
has already been sold to
sixcar manufacturers
for installation in their
newmodels.
Land
Buses
Since the mid-1 990s the
German commercial
vehicle manufacturers
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge have
been testing working
prototypes using natural
gas (CNG), liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG),
hydrogenfuel cells and a
biofuel called rapeseed oil
methylester (RM E) as an
alternative to diesel fuel.
Anarticulated bus powered
byCNGdevelops 310 bhp
but, incombination with
closed-loop catalytic
converters, conforms to
Euro 3emissions levels
proposed byGermany,
which are less than or
equal to 2 g/ kWh carbon
monoxide, 0.6 g/ kWh
hydrocarbons, 5g/kWh
nitrous oxides and 0.1
g/kWh of particulate matter
(PMlOS). These levels
showa reduction factor
Liquefiednat ural gas-
poweredvehicle
Chilledfood is delivered
dailyto each store in the
Marks & Spencer retail
chain using articulated
lorries with refrigeration
units. Following a review
of their distribution system
of between 3 and 5of the
Euro 1, 1990, exhaust
legislation. Afurther
benefit is a reduction
in noise to almost half
the normal level of a
diesel-powered bus.
MAN's commit ment to
with their lead cont ractor,
BOC, the company
examined ways of reducing
vehicular emissions and
noise pollution. This
culminated in the
development of a newfleet
reducing environmental
impacts is reflected
in their accreditation
to environmental
management standards
including EMAS and, at the
Steyr factory, ISO 14001.
of natural-gas-powered
vehicles equipped with
quiet, non-polluting cryo-
eutect ic refrigeration units.
Compared with the original
diesel-engined vehicles,
emissions from the
land
/
MANNutzfahrzeuge,
3
20
Germany
0
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge,
3
20
Germany
11
Various

Lowemissions
328,
Lownoisepollution
3
2
9
natural-gas vehicles
produce 89 per cent fewer
particulates, 69 per cent
fewer nitrous oxides and
approximately 10 to 20 per
cent less carbon dioxide.
/
Marksal. Spencerin
3
13
partnershipwithVarity
Perkins, ERF, Grayand
Adamsand BOC
DistributionServices,
with supportfrom the
EnergySavings Trust,
UK
0
Joint venturewith BOC,
3
1
3
UK
11
Various

Significant reductionin
328,
vehicle emissions and
329
noise
Pas senger informat ion
system
Saving up to 60 per cent
of the energyconsumption
of other pulse technology
displays, this modular
aluminium-framed
passenger information
/
University ofTechnology,
3"
Delft, Netherlands
0
Conceptual prototype

Various 34
1
(}
MultiJimctionoluseof 3
2
9
distribution road
vehicles
Reducedfossilf uel
consumption
Road transport
containers
Manytrailers of road
haulage vehicles workat
undercapacitysince their
'flatbed' design means
manytypes of cargo cannot
easily be accommodated.
For example, howdo you
transport a mixed load
comprising gases, fluids,
'flowable' powers and
solids? Aconceptual
solution is to store non-
solids in strong bags that
can be collapsed upon
emptying. Potent iallythis
could keep everyvehicle
operating nearer its gross
carryi ng capacityand
improve t ransport energy
efficiency.
3 cubic metres (106cu I)
capacity and provides a
range of up to 64km (40
miles) on an overnight
charge. Twenty-seven 6V
nickel cadmium batteries
power the 28kWdirect
current motor, which
permits a top speed of
g6kmJh (60mp h). Already
these vans form part of the
fleet of postal and courier
companies, including the
Royal Mail in the UK.
/
Peugeot, France
3
22
0
Peugeot, France
3
22

Various
34
1
(}
Reducedemissions (if
3
29
electricity sourcedfrom
non-renewables}
Zeroemissions (if
electricitysourcedfrom
renewables)
Noisereduction
system uses hundreds of
LEDs controlled with a
patented system. With a
legible display and clean
lines, this system conveys
information with maximum
efficiency and minimum
fuss. It is also easily
maintained by one person.
from emissions. And true
zero emissions can be
achieved if a renewable
source of electricity is
purchased. The Peugeot
Partner Electric, which
developed out of the
Peugeot 106 Electric, is
typical of the light electric
vans available. It offers a
payload of 500kg (1,1001b),
/
Inteiform Design,
3
0
7
Germany
0
LUMINOLicht
3
20
Elektronik GmbH,
Germany
11
Ceramic-coated
295
dispersionglass,
aluminium, LEOs
(}
Reductioninenergy 328,
consumption
329
Modulardesign with
easeofmaintenance
4
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
Part ner Elect ric
Land
Companies and local
authorities that regularly
deliver or work in their own
localities would do well to
examine the potential role
of electricvehicles in their
fleet. Not onlycan electric
vehicles deliver high fuel-
equivalent efficiency and
lowexpenditure but there is
no local pollution generated
/
Fosterand Partners, UK
3
06
0
Prototype, '992-94

Various, including
34
1
photovoltoicpanels
(}
Solarpowerand
3
29
reductioninuseoffossil
fuels
Solar electric vehicle
An arra y of PVcells on the
roof of the bus provides
between one-third and one-
fifth of the power, reducing
fuel co ns umpt ion of t he
conve ntional intern al
comb ust ion engine. This
desi gn demonstrates the
ability of solar power to
reduce the output of
combust ion gases and so
help reduce pollut ion,
espe cially in congested
urban area s.
Sol o
Solo takes mid i-bus
des ign to new lows - that
is, it provides a low-level
platfo rm to enable
wheelchair user s to mou nt
from pavement to bus
by an ext endable automatic
ram p. Alow cent re
of gravity also produces
less roll and a more
comfortable ride for all.
And in the absence of any
steps, buses can pick up
and drop off pas sengers
more qu ickly, enabling
them to keep accuratel y to
their specified timetables
and reduce em iss ions
while idling.
Land
/
Optare, UK
3
21
0
Optare, UK
3
21

Various
34
'
(}
Equalaccessf orall
3
28
potential usersto
publictransport
Improvedefficiencyof
passenger
loading/unloading
Air
Centurion
Following an evolutionary
trajectory started by
NASA's early1990S
Pathfinder, the Centurion is
currently the world's largest
unmanned ultra-light wing
capable of sustaining
high-altitude flights. With
an incredible wingspan
of 6l.8m (203ft) and a
wing area of lS3sq metres
(l,647sq ft) almost entirely
covered in photovoltaic
panels, the S29kg(l,1641b)
vehicle can carry a payload
of up to 272kg (S981b) to
240380 metres (Bo.oooft).
Fourteen l.SkW electric
motors are powered bythe
photovoltaics for up to
fourteen or fifteen hours in
daylight plus two to three
hours in darkness using
on-board lithium batteries.
The objective of the ERAST
programme is to extend the
performance of the craft to
enable continuous flying
even in extended periods
of darkness. Capable of
all sorts of monitor ing
activities from high
altitude, the Centurion
could provide intelligence
for a varietyof needs,
including military,
meteorological and
biological, such as
monitoring the health of
growingcrops and forests.
.,

NASA's ERAST
programme,
AeroVironment, lnc.,
andDryden Research
Center, USA
Prototype, 1999
Carbonjibre and
graphite epaxy resins,
Kevlar, hotovohoics
Solar-poweredair
transponerjorsciemijic
andmultifunctional
missions
FanWing
High speed, noise and
huge fuel bills are the
hallmarks of today's fixed-
wingaircraft. The FanWing,
currentlytested as a
workingmodel prototype,
is an aircraft with near-
vertical take-offcapabilities
that serves as a quiet, slow
but fuel-effi cient, load-
carrying transporter. In an
intriguing innovation, the
designers have introduced
a large rotor along the
entire leading edge of the
wing. The engine directly
powers the rotor, which is
capableof producing both
liftand thrust as the cross-
flow fan pulls air in at the
front and accelerates it over
the trailing edge of the
wing. Wind-tunnel testing
reveals 15kg (33Ib) of lift per
horsepower, equivalent to a
payload capacity of 1 to 1.5
tonnes for a 100-
horsepower power unit.
Moreover, it is simple and
inexpensive to construct
and therefore offers an
economical air-transport
system for everything
from disaster relief
workto fire-fighting and
reconnaissance or traffic
monitoring. Preliminary
specifications for a three-
passenger version show it
weighing in at just 350kg
(77olb)emptyand having a
top speed of 60kmjh
(37mph), a wingspan of 10
metres (33ft) and a flying
time of ten hours.
/
FanWing,UK/Italy
3
16
0
Modelprototype

Various
34
1

Improvedfuel 328,
efficiency
3
29
Simple, low-cost
construction
Helios
The Helios is an enlarged
version of the Centurion
'flying wing' . It has a
wingspan of]5 metres
(247feet), which is two
and a half times that of
the Pathfinder flying wing
and longer than that
of a Boeing747jet.
AeroVironment's ambit ion
is to enable Helios to flyat
30,500 metres (lOO,OOOft)
continuously for twenty
four hours and at 15,259
metres (50,000ft) for four
days, all under solar power.
This aircraft is known as an
uninhabited aerial vehicle
(UAV) and is suitable for
remote sensi ng and
reconnaissance with a
multiplicityof applications
for recording the weather,
changes in vegetation
cover and military
operat ions.
/
NASA, Dryden Research 304,
Center, USA,with
3
06
AeroVironment,
lnc., USA
0
NASADrydenFlight
304,
Research Center, USA,
3
06
withAeroVironmen.t ,
lnc., USA

Photavaltaicmodules,
34'
lightweight metalsand
composites

Zero emissions
329
Renewable energy
/
AxelThallemer, Festa
3
16
Corporate Design,
Germany
0
Prototype, Festa,
3
16
Germany
.-
Various
34
'

(}
Energyefficiency
3
29
Reductioninair
pollution
Air
BabyStingray
Microlights and hang
gliders are a familiar sight
but the Baby Stingray
makes a step change
for small, lightweight,
aeroplane travel. Asingle
inflatable wing, spanning
13m(42ft lin), provides an
aerodynamic, muscle-like
structure whose shape
can be altered by inflating
or deflating internal
compartments within the
wing to provide directional
cont rol. Alarger version is
current lybeing tested for
potential passenger use.
It is a hybrid design, a post-
modern airship, which
uses helium gas to provide
extra lift to the 'wing' and
has potentially high fuel
efficiency.
Trent 700
Rolls Royce, General
Electric and Pratt and
Whitney dominate engine
manufacturing for
aeroplanes. Rolls Royce
have taken the lead in
producing a fuel-efficient,
lightweight and low-cost jet
engine. Weight reduction
was achievedwith titanium
fan blades comprising three
sheets in close proximity,
which were subjected
to heat, causing flowof
material and bridging
between the layers to form
a honeycomb structure.
Other innovations include
'growing' metal by
cont rolled cooling of the
molten alloyin the mould
to align all the molecules in
one direction, forming an
extremelystrong single
crystal. The turbine blades
are made of this metal,
which can operate at almost
twice the melting point of
normal crystalline metal.
At hree-shaft design is also
more efficient and easier
to maintain and upgrade.
Aeroplanes with Trent
engines, such as the Airbus
A330, can carry more
passengers for the same
fuel consumption.
. I
e
I
.. [) I
,
" ' ..-.. -. ' .. " ,'I
. ' r:
: ~ . .\ .... ~ -:-."'>-' :
~ . . . , I
~ : : . :
/
Rolls Royce, UK 3
23
e
RollsRoyce, UK 3
23

Various 34'
o
Reductionoffossilfuel 328 ,
consumption 3
29
Reduction ofair
pollution
-'
Water
Solarshuttle 66
(Helio)and RA82
KopfAG are pioneers
in developing solar-
poweredferries for
inlandwaterways, The
Solarshuttle 66, otherwise
known as the Helio, is a
scaled-up version of a
ferry, which has operated
betweenGaienhofen,
Germany, and Stoeckborn,
Switzerland, since 1998.
With a maximum speed of
24
kmjh
(lsmph), the Helio
can operate for up to eight
hours fromthe bank of 24
batteries without needing
a recharge from the
photovoltaic panels, The
even larger RA82 has a
capacityof 120 passengers


DrHerbert Stark, Kapj
310
c-
AG, Germany
0
KopjAG,Germany
3
19
'-
Stainlesssteel, teakwood,
34
0
photovoltaics, batteries
Q
Zeroemissions
3
29
'--- Solarpower
and is in service in
Hamburg and Hannover.
Low operating costs and
negligible environmenta l
impacts could popularize
this transport mode in
urban areas served by
waterways and in
ecologically sensitiveareas.
Water
RA
RA is a zero-emissions,
solar-powered boat, which
is ideal for freshwater
transport where the
pollution of conventional
diesel or petrol motor
boats is damaging to water
quality. Built to a high
specification using
Burmese teak and stainless
steel, it contains raw
materials that are extremely
durable, low-maintenance
and 100 per cent
recyclable. Greenpeace,
the international NGO,
assisted in obtaining the
construction materials.
An added benefit of the
solar generat ion and
electric motor system is
its quietness of operat ion,
making it a more fitting
companion for aquatic
wildlife.

Kopj AG, Germany
KopjAG,Germany
Stainless steel, teakwood,
photovolta;es, batteries
Solarpower
Durability
Zero emissions
De Eurobank
Baccarne produce a range
of outdoor/ publicseat ing
excl usively from recycled
plastics, a mix of
polypropylene, polyvi nyl
chloride and polyethylene
obtained from post-
production waste streams
such as window-frame
manufact uring. Planks and
sheeting provide basic yet
tough functional furniture.
/
Baccame Design,
3
04
Belgium
., Baccamebvba, Belgium
3
13

Recycledpolypropylene,
295
polyvinylchloride and
polyethylene

Recycledmaterials
327
Furniture
Treetr unk bench
Droog Design was
commissioned bythe
KulturstiftungDessau
Wurlitzto create products
for the seventeenth-century
castle of Oranienbaum and
its environs, in a depressed
part of former East
Germany. Bey brings a
surrealist moment to
woodland walkers with
his wittybench fashioned
from local cut timber and
cast -bronze chair backs.
/
JurgenBey, Droog 304,
Design, Netherlands
3
06
e
One.off, smallbatch 306,
production, Droog
3
15
Design/ DMD,
Netherlands

Wood,bronze
339

Renewable, loco! 327,
materials
32
8
Low-energyfabrication
Furniture
Navigator series
Ecologic produce a diverse
range of indoor and
outdoor furn iture us ing a
variety of recycled plastics
or plastic co mpos ites .
The Navigator picn ic
ta ble ser ies includes an
extra-long slatted to p of
ECOlumber, which pe rmits
wheelchair access adjacent
to the conventional fixed
benches. Solid recycled
plastic forms the resilient
base for the to p and
benches. ECO+Plus indoor
Sofanco
Ston e is a mo st durab le
natural mate rial. Oscar
Tusq uets Blanca has
captured t he strength of
this materia l but rendered
it in a fluid, orga nic form
to create a design of
great poten t ial longevity,
albeit requiring moderat e
energy input dur ing
manu factu ring.
bed room and living-room
furn iture mixes solid
woo d and Environ?' , a
biocomp osit e of recycled
paper an d soy flour.
/
Ecologic, USA
3
15
.,
Ecologic, USA
3
1
5

Recycledplastic
295

Recycledmaterials
3
2
]
/
OscorTusquets Blanco
3
05
e
Escofet, Spain
3
16

Stainlesssteel,
295
reinforcedcast stone

Natura', inorganic
3
28
materials
Street furniture
Small and medi um-s ized
enterprises (SMEs) ten d
to be local employers
and make an importan t
contr ibut ion to the
furn itu re manufacturing
indu st ry. People skilled in
craft and indu st rial sm all-
bat ch prod uction typifY
t hese companies .
Pendlewood is such a
co mpa ny operat ing in the
north-west of England.
All tim ber cons umed is
recycled, reclaimed or
from sustainably managed
forests and tends to
come from local so urces.
/
Pendiewood, UK
3
22
.,
Pendlewood, UK
3
22

Hardwoods
339

Recycled, reclaimedor
32]
surtainablesources of
timber
o

Publicseating
Injection moulding is a
process usually associated
with single materials
but in this case a bespoke
biosynthetic composite
material was used,
comprising 60 per cent
ALERT ' Moistureshield'
lOPE and cedar pulp, 40
per cent polypropylene and
wood flour. This design
demonstrates the potential
of mixingplant derivatives
with plastics but does raise
questions about recycling
and/or dispos al at the end
of the product's life.
Dani/ea81ejerand Saskia 305
Bostelmann, Mexico
Prototype
LOPE, cedarpulp, 34'
polypropylene, waod
flour
Reductioninuseof 328
synthetic materials
Photovoltaicumbrella
Atilting mechanism allows
the umbrella to be angled
to capture the maximum
amount of energyas well
as shading from sunlight
on the photovoltaic panels.
Batteries are housed in a
planter that doubles as
seating and contains
lighting for night-time
illumination.
/
Cinzia Abbateforthe
3
04
ItalianEnergyAuthority
0
Prototype

Photovoltaics, batteries
34
0

Solar-powered,
3
29
multifunctional public
seatingandshading
SINEseat
Extruded plastic lumber
provides the catalyst for
this innovative public
seating, which can be
fabricated to bespoke
lengths and curvatures
depending on the client' s
requirements . Two styles of
cast aluminium frame, one
with a backrest, permit
further customization.
Achieving similar results in
hardwood would prove
more costly. Utilizing the
recycled plastic also means
that expensive resources
are released for more
valued activit ies.
/
VKa(CPartnership, UK
3
11
0
VKa(CPartnership, UK
3
11

Recycledplastics,
295
aluminium

Recycledandrecyclable
327
materials
Furniture
ComPoint
/
Landmark Designfor
3
08
Public, Switzerland,Jor
SwisscomAG
0
Landmark Designf or
3
08
Public, Switzerland

Various 34
1

Modulardesign
3
28
Designfordisassembly
Wall-mo unte d and open
or cove red free-s tan ding
communicat ions units,
equi ppe d wit h te lephon e
and informat ion syste ms ,
are assembled from basic
mo dules according to th e
services required. All
co mpone nts are des igned
for disassembl y, repair
and /or recycling. Com Point
is suitable for indoor and
outdoor use and offers a
wide range of customizable
options .
A cel lular tra nsce iver
connects t his
communications poi nt
to a cellular-tele phone
networ k. The call box is
powered by a 12Vbatt ery
fed by a phot ovolt aic pan el
mount ed on top of th e
me ta l pole. It is suita ble
for remot e locat ions and
for em ergen cy services
on highways .
Solar callbox
/
Comarco Wireless
3
1
4
Technologies, USA
0
CamarcoWireless
3
1
4
Technologies, USA I(

Polycarbanate,
34
0
phatovaltaics, steel,
battery

Solarpower
3
2
9
/
Environmental Polymers
3
16
Group, UK
.,
Environmental Polymers
3
16
Group, UK

Epochrecycled plastic
293

Recycled materials
3
27
and fixed just like wood
but is impervious to most
cor ros ive su bstances.
Epoch
Epoch is a du rabl e, t ough
mat erial made of 100 per
cent-recycled HDPE and
LDPE, offering similar
properti es to ti mb er,
me tal and conc rete. EPP
ma nufactu re a wide range
of st reet furniture includin g
benches, sea ting, picnic
t ables, plante rs, litter
bins, fenci ng, sig nage and
window boxes made wit h
Epoch, which ca n be sawn
Furniture
Metronomis
Anewrange of street
lightingbyPhilips is
speciallydesigned for
energy-saving lamps and
lowmaintenance. Modular
components are durable
and vandal-proof and
permit different design
permutations according to
customers' preferences.

Philips Design.
3
0
9
Netherlands
0
PhilipsElectronics.
3
22
Netherlands

Metal. glass, lamp

295
0
Improvedenergy
328,
efficiency
3
29
Modulardesign
Designf ordisassembly
Nimbus
Atough acrylic housing
contains a 12V/ l l SAh (amp
hour) sealed, maintenance-
free battery and a
photovoltaic array of
mono-crystalline silicon
cells capable of generating
17.svolts/77 watts at an
incoming radiation of
1,OOOW/ sq m. An inverter,
charge controller and
automa tic dusk switch
and timer provide highly
efficient use of stored
power. Conventional low-
pressure sodium lamps,
low-energyfluorescent
lamps or halogen bulbs can
be fitted according to needs.
/
SolarSolutions (UK) ,
3
24
UK
0
SolarSolutions (UK) ,
3
2
4
UK

Photovoltaicarray,
295
stainless andgalvanized
steel, acrylic
(}
Solarpower
3
2
9
Lowmaintenance
Lighting
Lumalux"
Designed for exterior
lighting, the Lumalux" is
the first high-pressure
sodium lamp to eliminate
all mercury and lead
during construction to
provide significantly
cleaner production and
reduce dispersal of toxic
substances upon disposal.
Osram Sylvania estimate
this could save up to
iyokg (3301 b) of mercury
and 14tonnes of lead
annually. The Lumalux"
Plus lamp readily meets
the Federal hazardous
waste regulations as it
contains go per cent
less mercurythan the
standard Lumalux" and
is constructe d with a lead-
free welded base.
/
Osram Sylvania, 310,
Germanyand USA
3
21
0
OsramSylvania, 310,
GermanyandUSA
3
21

Various
339
(}
Lowmercurycontent 328,
Cleanerproducti on
3
29
/
RoyFleetwood, UK
3
06
e
YKKArchitectural
3
26
Products, Inc.,Japan

Aluminium
polycarbonate, solarcells
(}
Solarpower
329
Lighting
----
of the banal visual
language of traditional
st reet lamp designs.
/
Ecke: Design, Germany 306
.,
UweBraunGmbH,
3
2
5
Germany

Photovoltaicpanel, glass,
34
0
metal, batteries
(}
Renewable power
3
29
source
Designers, challenged to
use renewable energy
sources to power street
lighting, have eloquently
met the challenge with
this striking lamp by Ecke:
Design. Tucan integrates
the capacityto generate
electricity from the
sun with the need to
radiate light. Here is an
opportunity to rid ourselves
Tucan
...
polycarbonate diffuser to
create the clean lines of
this newgeneration of
street lighting. Batteries
in the base of the upright
are capable of lighting the
18-watt fluorescent lamp
for seven days wit hout
a recharge.
Power generation using
solar cells offers an
opportunityto re-examine
the design parameter s for
familiar objects. Inthis
case the rectilinear shape
of the 3S-cell solar array
was the prime component
in configuring the
Street Light F
Almere low-cost
housing. Netherl ands
Standard 12m (40ft) steel
shipping containers form
the basic structural
framework, enabling rapid
construction of low-cost
housing. Reuse of an
industrial component for
distribution as a static
component in the built
environment is a large-
scale attempt to extend
the functionality of a
manufactured product.
Examination of the
embodied energyof
materials and the
energyconsumed during
construction and running
costs will reveal whether
this is trulya useful
housing concept with
reduced environmental
impacts.

HenkTilder, architect,
3
10
Netherlands
0
Various

Shippingcontainers
34
0

Reuseofexisting
3
28
containers
BRE, New
Envi ronme nt al Office
Designed to use 30 per
cent less energy than
current 'bes t practice' in
the UK, this building can
accommodate over a
hundred people. Cooling
is achieved by natura l
automatic ventilation at
night combined with
ground water pumped
through the concrete floors
and ceilings, which has
an efficiency of 1kWh
output for pumpin g to
an equivalent 12-1 6 kWh
cooling energy input.
Timber and steel are the
primary materials for the
structure and originate
predominantly from
recycled sources . Thanks
to a combination of
the thermal mass of the
building, nat ural cooling
and automated monitoring
systems, the building
regulates its own climate.

FeildenCleggArchitects,
3
06
BuroHappa/d, and Max
Fordham a( Partners,
UK
0
Variouscontractors

Various
34
0

Lowenergy
3
28
consumption
Increasedusageof
materialsfrom recycled
sources
Fred
Although the concept is
not new, Fred is a portable
building with some special
features. The basic room
unit is 3 x3 x3 metres (27
cubic metres, 953 cubic ft)
but the floor area can be
doubled to 18 square
met res (1 94 square feet)
bytaking advantage of
sliding wall/roof elements ,
which are electronically
cont rolled. Each unit is
equipped with a kitchen,
toilet and shower and an
area available for multi-
purpose use, but the basic
utility services have to be
connected . Afully glazed
Exhibit ion hall
Imagine a building of
3,600s q m (38,750sq ft)
floor capacitymade mainly
of paper and cardboard.
Impossible? Not in the
hands of Shigeru Ban,
the Japanese architect
and designer with over
two decades' experience
of working with these
materials to produce
furniture and hous ing for
disaster relief projects.
The building premiered at
EXPO2000 in Hanover,
where it became the first
public building in the world
wall provides excellent
natural light and thick
insulation in the walls and
roof minimizes energy
consumption.
/
KFNKaufmannProdukt
3
08
GmbH, Germany
.,
Zimmerei Michael
3
08
Kaufmann, Germany

Timber. metal, glass 295,

339

Resource-efficient
328,
mufti-usespace
3
29
o Lowembodiedenergy
of f abrication,
transportand
construction
to feature a 35m-span
(115ft) paper/pl ast ic textile
roof supported with a
latticework of tubular
cardboard. The building
is des igned to be
demountable and reused.
/
ShigeruBan,Japan
3
04
.,
Variouscontractors

Paper, cardboard, 288-9

various
o
o Renewablematerials
327,
o Areusablebuilding
33
0
Hope House
Hope House is a home,
office, energygenerator
and leisure zone. Passive
solar des ign combined
with photovoltaic
generation is sufficient
to maintain an ambient
internal climate and to
run a Citroen electric car
for up to 8,500km (50300
miles) per year, resulting
in a net saving of about
413 tonnes of carbon
dioxide per year. Mains
water usage is minimized
by using a rainwater
faucet for the toilets and
.,

laundryroom. All
greywater is reused to
irrigate the garden after
it has been passed
through a sand fil ter. Thi
project is a blueprint for
a seventy-six-unit urban
village with sun terraces
planned for London by
the PeabodyTrust, a
charitable organization
that has, since Victorian
times, been concerned
with raising the social
and environme ntal
standards of British
urban housi ng.
BillDunsterArchitecls.
MarkLovell,andOscar
Faber, UK
Various
Various
o Integratedenergy-
efficient home,
workspace and
domestictransport
system
Waterconservation
system
DesignSense award,
1999
Hooke ParkTraining
Centreand
Westminster Lodge
Untreat ed rou ndwood , of
diameter 50mm to 25
0 mm
(aboutl !5to l in) - the
thinnings from forestry
ma nage ment - forms the
basic const ruction material
for unique orga nic form s
of architecture that ta ke
advantage of the nat ural
properties of the timber.
The Hooke Park Training
Cent re is a large, free-sp an
space hous ing workshops
for The Parnham Trust ,
whose college provide s
training in furniture de sign
with emphasis on us ing
indigenous timber.
/
JohnMakepeaceand
3
07
ather'.i, HookeForest
(Construction) Ltd, UK
0
Hooke Forest
3
07
(Construction) Ltd, UK

Roundwoodtimber
339
o
Useof timberfrom
327
locai sourcesfor
construction
SU-SI
Many peopl e as sociate
mo bile or t railer homes
with hol iday parks and
du bious lifestyles. Not so
this custom izabl e twe nty-
first-ce nt ury modul ar hom e
system, which can be
erected on site with in a
Model Buildings
few hours and is easi ly
disassembled and reuse d
in ano the r locat ion. The
factory-produced modul es
meas ure 12.5 x 3.5 x 3
metres (41 x uft 6in x 9ft
roin}, each one interl ocking
with the next to create
vers at ile domest ic, office
or exhibit ion s paces.
/
KFN Kauf mann Produkt
3
08
GmbH, Germany
0
Zimmerei Michael
3
08
Kaufmann, Germany

Timber, metal, 295,

composites, glass
339

Resource-efficient
327,
reusablehomes
3
28
Lowembodiedenergy
offabrication,
transportand
construction
Q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
Energyconservation
andgeneration
AkelerDevelopments
pic, UK
AkelerDevelopments
pic, UK
Variousincluding
photovoltaicarray,
monitoringsystems
louvr es, both syst ems
being contro lled and
monitored by computer.
Pot enti al overa ll energy
savings of two-thirds are
anticipate d compared
with a conve nt ional office
building.
.,
This office is de signed to
incorporate goosq m
(g,660sq ft) of photovoltaic
ce lls into the so uth-facing
glass facade inclined at
60 degrees. This array is
ca pable of generating a
peak out put of 73kW
equivalent to 55,ooo kWh
per annum, meet ing
between one- thir d and
one-quarter of the expected
ene rgy need s of t he
building . The solar-
powered system is
compleme nted by a
natu ral st ack vent ilat ion
system with sun -shading
Solar Office, Duxford
International Business
Park
mod ulate the gree nhouse
climate. Buildings are
largely passive masses,
their product ivity being
gene rated by the activity
inside. By cont rast ,
internal act ivity wouldn't
happen in this house if
t he building were not
The Seawater
Greenhouse
Powered by the sun,
cold deep-sea wate r and
the wind , this house in
Ten er ife manufactures
fresh water and coo l air.
This enables horti cul tu ral
produce to be raised in
t he integral greenhouse.
To meet the low-cost
brief evaporators were working properl y.
made from corr ugated Architect ure reborn
ca rdboar d. Over t ime as man ufact uring ?
these are naturally
st rengt hened with
/
Char/ie Polan, Light
3
09
deposits of calcium Works, UK
car bonate from the sea
0
Variouscontractors
water. Condensers are of
aluminium and the main

Various
34
1
frame of the bui lding
is from steel , both

Freshwatergenerator
327 ,
withrenewablepower 328 ,
recyclable. Recyclable
Lawembodiedenergy
3
29
polythene covers the st eel
andrecyclable
frame and hel ps
materials
Q.
First prize, DesignSense
33
2
award, '99 9
@
Model Buildings
UNHCRshelter
In1995the United Nations
HighCommission for
Refugees adopted Shigeru
Ban's design for temporary
shelters made from 110
waterproofedcardboard
tubes. His easy-to-
assemble structures were
used in Rwanda and, with
modificationsto suit local
needs, in the aftermath of
the Kobe earthquake.
/
Shigeru Ban.j apan 3
04
0
VitraAG, Switzerland
3
26

Cardbaard, 288-9
wate'Praofingagents
0
Renewable materials 327,
Lowenergy of
3
28
manufacturing.
transport andossembly
Reusable buildings
WeobleySchools
Sustainable
Develop ment
WeobleySchools energy
managemen t system is
a test-bed to extend the
sustainable energy
initiatives of a local
aut horityin response to
Local Agenda 21. Aholistic
approach led to a
wood-fuel boiler, using
locally harvested coppice
roundwood, which was
chosen on the grounds
that it was the most
sustainable system. The
coppice suppliers are
paid according to the
heat output of the wood
(suppl ied as chips)
rather than the quantity,
encouraging quality
supplies. Insulation is
to very high standards
coupled with computerized
monitoring of the under-
floor heating and internal
environment of the
building work in tandem
with passive design
features including solar
shading, daylighting and
natural ventilation. The
net effect is a veryenergy-
efficient public building
using local resources .
/
Hereford", Worcester
3
07
CountyCouncil,UK
0
Variouscontractors

Biomassf uelfrom
339
coppice

Energyconservation
3
28
Energygeneration
usingbiomassfuels
Model Buildings
Airtecture
Weighing just 6 tonnes
and easily packed on to a
road vehicle for transport,
Festo's portable building
comprises a protected
floor space of over 357sqm
(3,81Osq ft). This is
achieved bysupporting
an inflatable cross-beamed
roof on two rows of
inflatable, r -shaped
columns. Stiffness is
given to thin cavitywall
panels by tensioning them
with pneumatic muscles,
which contract to oppose
the effect of the wind. Air
is the main insulator to
assist with internal climate
control.
/
Festa, Germany
3
16
0
Festa, Germany
3
16

Various
339

Reductionof resource 327,
consumption
3
29
comparedwith
conllentiona//y
constructedbuildings
ofequal size
Reusable andportable
buildingwith
multifUnctionalsingle
space
Ecoverfactory,
Oost malle, Belgium
Project
Growth of Ecover's
business in the early '990S
required an expansion of
the existing factorynear
Antwerp, Belgium. Using
an ecological grading
system, devised bythe
University of Eindhoven,
building materials were
selected for their minimal
environmental impact.
Structural timber was
obtained from sustainably
managed forests and bricks
from a clay-based residue
from the coal industry
provided high-insulation
material. Ahuge multi-
ridged turf roof covers the
5.30osq m (57,o50sq ft)
building, providing
excellent insulation,
controlling storm-water
runoff and helping
integrate the factoryinto
the local landscape. In
line with the company's
philosophy of balancing
commerce wit h social
and environmental
concerns , the factory
has been developed to
enhance conditions for the
workforce. Many roof-lights
create natural lighting and
there are solar-powered
showers for the workforce.
/
University of Eindhoven 311,
(Building Initiative
3
'
5
Environmental
Sklndards),
Netherlands, with
Ecover, Belgium
0
Variouscontractors

Various natural
339
materials, tuifraoJ,
bricksfrom clay-residue

Tuifroafforenergy 327,
conservationand
3
29
storm-waterrunoff
control
UseoflocoImaterial s
fromsusklinable
sources wherepossible
Naturallighting
BedZEDHousing
BedZEDis a pioneering
mixed-use and mixed-
tenure development of
housing, workspace and
publicareas, which is
being const ructed on
an old sewage works,
a ' brownfield' site, in
Beddington, Sutton,
south of London.
Thewhole scheme is
designed to meet exacting
environmental, social and
financial requirements.
Architect Bill Dunster and
environmental consultants
BioRegional have, in
collaboration with the
client, the PeabodyTrust,
adopted a holistic view
of the local needs of the
intended community,
including a green transport
systemwhichwas actually
builtinto the planning
permissionand ratifiedby
the localauthority. BedZED
hopes to cut total fossil fuel
consumption to about
halfthat of a conventional
development by reducing
the need to travel between
living, work, health-care,
shopping and recreational
facilities. Reduced
transport impacts are also
encouraged by promoting
good networking with
existing train, bus and tram
services and by providing
decent bicyclestorage
facilities, attract ive
pedestrian links and on-site
charging points for electric
vehicles. There is a ten-year
target to produce enough
solar electricityon-site
to power fortyelectric
vehicles. Materials for the
eighty-two flats and houses
for sale and rent have
been selected from natural,
renewable or recycled
sources, mainlynear by.
Each dwelling is an
energy-efficient design
using passive solar gain
and a high insulation
specification, including
triple-glazed windows. A
central combined heat and
power-generation facility
will utilize on-site tree
waste to provide all the
development's heat and
electricity requirements.
Further on-site generation
from photovoltaics will
make this the first large-
scale 'carbon neutral'
development in Europe.
Water conservation will be
encouraged by providing
up to 18 per cent of on-site
cons umption from stored
rainwater and recycled
water and by installing
water-effici ent appliances.
/
BillDunsterand
3
04
BiaRegional
0
Variouscontractors

Vorious, especially
339
locallvsourced
(}
Zero-energy
32
8
development
'Carbonneutral'
int egratedtrampon
plan
Sociallymixedhousing

R/BAaward, 'best
333
exampleofsustainable
construction', 20 0 0
Building Products
Faswall"
Apost-and-beam
structural grid is created
byfilling wall forms with
reinforced concrete. Wall
forms are manufactured
using X ~ recycled wood
waste chips. The entire
wall structure, known
as Faswall'", comprises
up to 85 per cent K-X
Aggregate (fromwaste
Eco-shake"
Made of 100 per cent-
recycledmaterials,
reinforced vinyl and
cellulose fibre, ceo-shake"
shingles are available in
four colour shades
designed to mimic
weathered wooden shakes.
The shakes qualifyunder
strict fire-rating, wind
and rain resistance and
impact tests .
/
Re-NewWood, USA
3
23
4)
Re-NewWood, USA
3
2
3

Recycledwood, recycled
339
plastics
~
Recycledmaterials
3
27
wood) bound with
Portland cement
(cont aining up to 15 per
cent fly ash content
byvolume). Afinished
Faswall shows good
R-values (thermal
insulation) of between
18 to 24 and it is an
excellent sound barrier
and substrate for drywall
or direct finishes.
Standard blockmaking
equipment permits local
manufacturing of
Faswall" components.
/
K-X Industries, USA
3
19
4)
K-XIndustries, USA
3
19

Wastewoodandflyash,
339
Portlandcement
~
Partiallyrecycledand
3
27
renewablecontent
Criss Cross
Makinga weclome change
fromthe ubiquitous
rectangular paving block,
the Criss Cross paving
system comprises four
different forms that can be
interlocked in regular or
random patterns.
Glindower Ziegelei still
fires these blocks in a kiln
dating from 1870. Natural
variation in the clay
minerals yields a range of
colours and textures.

Eck; Design, Germany
3
06
0
GlindawerZiegelei
3
'
7
GmbH, Germany

Clayminerals
295
Q
Abundant geosphere
3
2
7
materials
q.
iFDesignAward, 20 0 0
33
2
LockClad terracotta
rainscreen
Combining the aesthetics
and durabilityof fired
claytiles with ease of
installation, this rainwater
cladding on aluminium
rails is a cost-effective
method of protecting the
exterior of a building from
the elements. Eachclaytile
is locked in place on an
extruded aluminium rail,
LockRai l, which meets all
UKand Irelandwind
loadings. This minimal-
maintenance , lightweight
cladding permits extra
insulation materials to be
applied to the outer skin
of the building's structure,
improving energy
conservation. Natural
ventilation behind the
clay tiles and protection
from the sun reduce
temperature variations in
the load-bearing st ructure.
Building Products
Ersgoldbacher Linea
These tiles are designed
to interlockwith a minor
overlap to minimize
quant ity of materials per
square metre, reduce laying
time and provide greater
security in high winds.
Sinter tempering toughens
the tile, making it very
durable and suitable for
commercial and domestic
applications. It is rainproof
at roof angles of up to
25degrees.
/
Erlus BaustoffwerkeAG,
3
16
Germany
0
Erlus BaustoffwerkeAG,
3
16
Germany
;I
Sinter-temperedclay
295
Q
Abundant geosphere
3
27
.
material
3
28
Reduct ioninresource
useandenergyfor
transport
q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
/
RedBonk Manufacturing
3
23
Company, UK
0
RedBankManufacturing
3
2
3
Company, UK
;I
Clay, aluminium
295
Q
Durable, recyclable
3
2
9
materials
Improvedenergy
conservationfor
buildings
N

n
:::r
;:;:
(l)

<::
ii1
Building Products
Majestic Slate
Guaranteed to last a
minimum of fiftyyears,
these lightweight slates,
weighing just over o.gkg
(about l ib) each, are made
of 100 per cent-recycled
rubber with added plastics
to improve durability.
These slates can be easi ly
cut with a knife and are
installed by nailing in the
traditional manner and,
being flexible, are not
susceptible to damage.
/
fcostar, USA
3
15
e
fcostar, USA
3
15

Recycledrubber, 283,
polymers
295

Recycledmaterials
3
2
7
Authentic Roof"
Moulded to mimic natural
weathered slates, Authentic
Roof " tiles are made of
100 per cent-recycled
rubber with polymers
added to prolong the
lifespan. Installation is
similar to conventional
materials.
/
Crowe Building
3
1
4
Products. USA
0
CroweBuilding
3
'
4
Products. USA

Recycled rubber, 28
3
polymers
295

Recycledmaterials
327
SunPipe
Natural daylight provides a
more relaxingspectrum of
light for human vision than
artificial light sources but,
more importantly, reduces
energyconsumption in
work spaces. SunPipe is
a system of conveying
natural sunlight from
rooftops into buildings.
Eight different vers ions are
available in the SunPipe
range but the components
are similar - a trans parent
dome of UV-protected
polycarbonate is held on
the roof by an ABS/ acryl ic
universal flashing. Below
the dome is a tube made of
Reflectalite 600. silverized
coated aluminium
sheeting with 96 per cent
reflectance. Four standa rd-
diameter tubes, 330mm
up to 600 mm (1 3-24in)
and a range of elbowjoints
permit light to be directed
into the required space(s).
Azoomm-diarneter (8in)
version is being developed
for domestic spaces.
Averticallyorientated
SunPipe of 330mm can
deliver 890 Lux in full
summer sun and 430
Lux in overcast conditions
in the temperate Bri tish
climate, which is suffi cient
to provide natural daylight
to an area of approximately
' 4sq m (l SOSq ft). Doubling
the diameter of the pipe
roughlydoubles the Lux
delivered.
/
TerryPayne.
320
Monodraught Ltd. UK
.,
Monodrought Ltd. UK
3
20

ABS/ acryli c.
34
1
po/ycarbonate.
aluminium

Reduction inenergy
3
29
consumptionfor
lighting
BuildingProducts
/
Reginaldo Marinho,
3
08
Brazil
0
Prototype

Polycarbonate
295

Reusablebricks
327,
Reductionof materiols
3
28
requiredforsupporting
structures
Venetian blinds
Imagine an entire room
composed of windows
where the incoming flow
and mood of light can be
controlled using wooden
Venetian blinds. Matteo
Thun has created a 'Quiet
Room' in which the wall
and ceiling panels are
fully adjustable, manually
or automatically, using
elliptical cross -section
slats with a light and dark
side. Li ght-coloured
wood, such as basswood,
is bonded to darkwood,
such as blackwalnut,
negating the need to
introduce coloured
surface finishes but
relying on the natural
reflectivity, absorption
and colour range of the
raw materials.
/
MatteoThun, Italy
3
10
0
Prototypefor Hi-wood
3
15
projectcoordinatedby
the DomusAcademy
ResearchCentre, Italy,
andtheAmerican
Hardwoods Export
Council, USA

Hardwoods
339

Renewablematerials
327 ,
Solarlightandwarmth
3
2
9
control
easily incorpor ated in the
external face of the ' brick'.
Although further work
is required to develop
this innovation it appears
to offer considerable
potential.
assem ble and disassemble
structures, so each
Construcel is readily
reusable and offers
possibilities for temporary
buildings for disaster relief
work. Photovoltaics are
construcel
For millenniabricks for the
construction of buildings
h ve been designed around
v: riations on a basic solid
or hollowrectangular form.
While it is possible to apply
rectangular bricks to some
spectacular architectural
structures, vaulted ceilings
being a classic example,
the overriding tende ncy is
to construct rectilinear
structures. Marinho' s
triangular prism of
polycarbonate, Construcel,
offers an opportun ityto
reconsider the humble role
of bricks in buildings. Each
Construcel is an open-
sided triangular box, which
can be bolted to the next
one and so on to create
a variety of built forms.
Rectilinear structures are
easilyconstructed but this
plastic brick is especially
suited to large curved
spans, such as those
requiredfor open-span
buildings for sport,
exhibitions and similar
uses, as it does not require
anysupport ing steelwork
or concrete. It is quickto
/
TrusJoist MacMillan
3
25
(1]M), USA
.,
TrusJoist MacMillan
3
25
171M), USA

Americansoft woodsand 281 ,

hardwoads, waterproof
339
adhesives, polyurethane
resin

Efficient useofraw
32]
materials
results in a con sider able
saving on raw materials to
prod uce the same amount
of str uctural timber wit h
sawn wood. For example,
the Silent Floor" Joist
system uses one tree to
every two to three trees for
a conventional sawn-wood
joist/flooring system.
Microllam" LVLuses 30
per cent more of the timber
from each t ree an d, being
stro nger than so lid t imber ,
provides almost double t he
st ruct ural value per un it
volume of raw material
t han sawn wood . However,
quite a lot of energy is
needed to ma ke these
compos ite tim bers, so
det ailed examinat ion of the
embodied energy ofTJM
versu s tradit iona l sawn
timber should be made on
a case-by-case basis.
TJM produce a range of
patented engineered
t imbers made by drying
short or long veneer
' st rands' or sheets,
bond ing them with
adhesives or resins and
subject ing them to high
pressure and/or heat.
TJM produce three
't imbers' , Parallam "
PSL, Timberstrand" LSL,
Microllam" LVLand
a special composite
st ructu ral timber floor joist ,
t he Silent Floor" Joist. TJM
claim improved stre ngt h
and avoida nce of defect s
such as crac king and
warping for all their
t imbers. Further, than ks to
the raw veneer ingredie nts,
t hey ca n use virtually the
whole diameter of a sawn
log and/or small -diameter
second-growth trees. This
Parallam",
Tirnberstrand",
Microllam"
Building Products
Ecoplanjecoment
Freudenberg manufacture
a diverse range of rubber
flooring under the ' nora'
range but 'ecoplan' and
'ecoment' are the onlytwo
made with up to 75per
cent factory and post-
installation waste. Granite
and marbled-effect
patterns are available. All
products are free of PVC,
plasticizers,formaldehyde,
asbestos, cadmium and
CFCs and production
facilitiesfollowstringent
waste-management
procedures, minimal
packaging and a zero-
emissions environment
for the workforce.
/
Freudenberg,UK
3
17
0
Freudenberg, UK
3'7

Rubber,recycledrubber 28
3

Recycled andrecyclable 327,
materials
3
28
Cleanproduction
process
Modena
This velour carpeting range
is available in seventy-five
different colours, yet is
made with a clean
technology product ion in
which all raw mater ials
must be free of harmful
substances and wastage
is 80 per cent less than in
previous techno logies.
Texback" forms an allergy-
free backing fabric while
the ecofix'" Velcro enables
carpets to be fitted without
using adhesives.
/
Designteam, Harneln,
3
0 6
Germany
.,
Vorwerk11( Co.,
3
2 6
TeppichwerkeGmbH11(
Co. KG, Germany

Velour, texback"', ecofix" 2g 0 -1,

3
0 0
-
1

Clean production
3
27
,
processincluding waste
3
28
reduction
Fittingwithout
adhesives,Jacilitating
reuse
Flooring
EarthSquare"
Milliken & Co. operate a
closed-loop production
system for their Earth
Square' carpet tiles. Tiles
are replaced with newtiles
or reconditioned as they
become worn and the old
materials are reintroduced
into the recyclate:virgin
fibre mixture used for the
next generation of tiles.
The Earth Square received
the first Evergreen Award
from the US General
ServicesAdministration, a
government procurement
agency.
/
Millikendl. Co., Carpet
3
20
Division, USA
.,
Millikendl. Co., Carpet
3
20
Division, USA

Various naturaland
339
syntheticmaterials

Cleanproduction 32],
Recycledcontent
3
28
Closed-loopproduction
Dalsouple
Dalsouple manufacture
standard and bespoke
rubber flooring tiles in a
huge varietyof colours and
surface text ures which are
100 per cent recyclable.
All Dalsouple rubber
is free from PVC, CFCs,
formaldehyde and
plasticizers. Production
waste is virtuallyall
recycl ed within the
manufacturing plant and
emissions meet local
statutory requirements .
Service partners to
Dalsouple include Uzin
Adhesives, who offer water-
based and solvent-free
adhes ives including
polyurethane and epoxy
resins.
/
Dalsouple Direct, UK
3
14
e
Dalsouple Direct, UK
3
14

Syntheticandnatural 28
3
rubbers

Recyclable 32],
Clean, chlorine-free
3
28
productionprocess
Evergreen
Interface were the first
companyworldwide to
introduce a system of
officecarpet ing in which,
as manufacturers, they
retained ownership of the
product. When the product
is worn or needs repairing,
the company takes it back
for repair and cleaning or
for reshredding to use in
manufacturing newcarpet
tiles.
/
Interface, USA
3
18
.,
Interface, USA
3
18

Various
339

Reuse, recycling 32] ,
Leasedproducttake-
330
back
Flooring
/
RitvaPuotila, Finland
3
09
e
Woodnotes Oy, Finland
3
26

Wood(cellu/ose) fibre
339
(}
Renewableand
3
2]
recyclablematerials
refined natural hardwood
fibres, which are sintered in
a patented manufacturing
process. This material is
easyto work but is tough,
Class 1 Fire Rated, durable
and easy to maintain. And
it is completely recyclable.
/
MatrixComposites, l nc.,
3
20
USA
.,
MatrixComposites, Inc., 320
USA

2]9
(}
Renewable materials
32]
Recyclable
Made ra"
Matrix Composites spent
fiveyears developing
l.ignasil'", the composite
'bio-alloy' from which
Madera" solidflooring tiles
are made, Lignasil" is a
high-density thermal
insulator, made from
Forbo-Nairn is the largest
linoleum manufacturer in
Europe, supplying up to
25 millionsq m (269
millionsq ft) per annum.
Marrnoleurn" Iinoleums
have much lower
emissions and lower
acidificationoutput than
PVCfloorings or carpeting.
The Marrnoleum" Real
is available in thirty-
sixcolourways and
Marmoleum"' Fresco in
twelve marbled colourways.
/
Forbo-Nalm Ltd,UK
3
16
e
Forbo-NairnLtd,UK
3
16

Linseedoil,pineresins,
339
woodflour,cork,
minera/fillers,jute
(}
Renewable mat erials 32] ,
andabundant non-
3
2
9
renewables
Reductioninemissions
andtoxins
Non-toxic
Marmol eum
Real/Fresco
Truelinoleum is a
heavy.duty, durable,
allergenic floor covering
containing at least 30 per
cent linseed oil from flax
or similar renewable oils
fromplants. Linoleums are
predominantlyconstituted
fromnatural rawmaterials
such as linseed oil, rosin,
woodflour and chalk,
whichare bonded under
heat and pressure to a
backing of jute (or
occasionally polyester).
Papertex
Acotton-likeyarn is
produced from wood fibre
forming the warp in the
woven Papertexcarpet.
This tightly bound weave is
hard-wearing and easy to
clean and sits well withthe
modern Scandinavian
aesthetic.
#
SmithII{ Fong 324
Company, USA
0
Smith II{ Fong 324
Company, USA
Bamboo, adhesives 281,

287,
299

Renewable material 3
2
7
/
Interface, lnc., USA
3
18
0
Interface, inc., USAf
3
18
InterfaceEurope-Asia
Pacific, UK

Various
339

Recycledand
3
27
renewablecomponents
Reykjavik
This domesti c and offi ce
carpeting solution from
Interface, the third largest
carpet manufacturer in the
world, uses a combination
of renewable natural fibres
mixed with a recycled
synthetic component.
The basic component of all
this company's product s is
strips of bamboo measur ing
0.5x1.9 x183cm(3/1 6 x3/4
x 72in), which are extremely
durable. These strips can be
bent, woven and laminated
as required for flooring,
interior decoration/ fitti ngs
and furniture. Four-, two-
and one-plylaminates are
available.
PLYBOO
/
HugoZumbuhl and
3' 0
PeterBirifelder,
Teppich-an-Team,
Switzerland
0
Anstolten Thorberg,
3' 2
Switzerland

Paper, hemp, natural 288' 9

wax

Renewable, durable
3
27
materials
PapierTeppich 200 0
This shiny black carpet is
a sophisticated blend of
natural materials creating
a dense , durable wearing
surface that is comfortable
to bare or shod feet. Acid-
free paper is reinforced
with industrial hemp fibres
and givena protective
lustre finish with natural
waxes. The philosophy
of simple, natural design
is extended to the
sample boxes, which use
overprinted recycled
brown cardboard.
Flooring
Flooring
over twenty solid colours.
Abrasion resistance is
veryhigh and maintenance
costs are low. With
certification to ISO' 4001,
recycling pre-consumer
waste, preventing pollution
and saving energyin
product ion are high
priorities.
/
TheAmticoCompany,
3
12
UK
0
TheAmticoCompony,
3
12
UK

Dupont Surlvn",
295
mineralfi lledethylene
copolymer
(}
Cleonproduction
32
8
Stratica
Stratica is a laminated
flooring product
comprising a verytough,
durable wear layer of
chlorine-free, ionomer
coating, DuPont Surlyn",
a printed layer, a backing
layer to the print and a
final bottom layer. Surlyn"
is the finishing material on
golf balls. Stratica is
naturallyflexible but
doesn't use plasticizers
and is free of Volatile
Organic Compounds
(VOCs). Over forty-fi ve
different 'natural' surfaces
can be mimicked in the
printing process, from
stone to marbles, granites,
terrazzos and woods, plus
Silencio 6
This is a special 6mm-thick
(about '/4in) fibreboard
composed of 100 per cent-
waste softwood fibre,
which provides good
attenuat ion against impact
sound and insulation as an
underlay for wooden and
laminate floating floors.
Colorett e, Linorett e,
Linodur, Marmorett e,
UniWalton
This diverse range of
linoleum products is
fabricated from natural
ingredients, such as
linseed oil, with minerals
including chalk bonded
with heat and pressure to
a jute or hemp backing.
/
ArmstrongWorld
3
12
Industries, inc., USA
e
ArmstrongWorld
3' 2
Industries, inc., USA
Linseedoil,j/ax, pine
339

resins, woodflour, cork,

mineral fillers
(}
Renewablematerials
3
27
Abundant geosphere
materials
/
Hunton Fiber(UK), UK
3
18
0
Hunton Fiber(UK), UK
3
18

Recycledsoftwoodfibre
339
(}
Wastereduction
327,
Recycled, recyclable
3
28
materials
/
Duralay, UK
0
Duralay, UK

Recycledtyres, latex, 28
3
Baclocorpolyjute
~
Recycledmaterials 32] ,
Conservationof landfill
330
space
/
SmartDeckSystems, 324
USA
0
SmartDeckSystems/ US 324,
Plastic Lumber, USA 3
2
5

Compositewood 339
~
Recycledmaterials 32]
gives extra st ren gt h to the
und erlay. Other grades
use a mixed bac king of jute
and plast ic.
This decking is a
composite material using
oak fibre and recycled
polyethylene w ~ foam ing
compounds and additives.
Contai ning ove r go per
cent-recycled materials by
weight , it is very mo isture-
res istant and durable.
It also weathers like
co nvent iona l wood but
without any associated
rotting.
Smart Deck
Super Duralay
Over 60,000 used car tyres
are processed eac h week
at a new Duralay plant to
provide the raw mat erial
for a range of rubber
crumb und erlays suitable
for carpets and wooden
flooring. Super Dura lay is
rated for heavy domest ic
use but oth er grades are
suitable for contract usage.
Bacloc, a woven backing of
pap er an d synthetic th read,
Flooring
Three-millimetre (1{8in)
venee r is bond ed to a
t hermoplast ic shell, which
is moulded to include
ducts for unde rfloor
serv ices and a met hod of
co nnecting eac h flooring
' block' . This system is
more funct ional than
st anda rd hardwood or
parqu et flooring , is
econo mical in its use
of veneer and can be
modified to suit bespoke
requir ements. Use of a
thermoplastic recyclate
would further boost t he
credentials of this system.
Underwood
/
MarcSadler 310
0
Prototypefor Hi-wood
3
06
proj ectcoordinatedby
the Domuskademy
Research Centre, Italy,
andtheAmerican
HardwoodsExport
Council,USA

HardwoodlIeneer,
339
thermoplastic
~
Modularsystem
32],
Reductioninuseof
3
28
hardwoodmaterials
Aquair lOO,
AquairU. W.
The Aquair 100 is a water
turbinethat can be towed
behind a sailing vessel. The
Aquair U. W. is designed to
be stationaryin a moving
bodyof water. At 6 knots
(3 metres or 10ft/ second)
the Aquair U.W. generates
6 amps at 12Vwhereas the
Aquair 100 generates 5
amps continuous charge.
Durable marine-grade
materials are used with
double' 0' seals and
hydraul icfluidin the
CUAD RO
Material inputs are
significantly reduced in
this aesthetically improved
design, which combines
the dual function of roofing
component and solar
collector. Traditionally
solar collectors have been
placed over existing roofing
surfaces. The main casing
is press-moulded using
Cigelit", which is a fully
recyclable material.
alternator bodyto provide
maintenance-free turbines.
AnAquair U.W. in a fast-
running strea m can
generate up to 2.4kWper
day.
/
AmpairLtd, UK
3' 2
,
.,
AmpairLtd, UK
3' 2

Marine.grade metals
295
andplastics
(}
Water-drivenpower
329,
generators
33
Energy Gener:ation
/
AstraPower, USA
3
12
.,
AstroPower, USA
3
12

Recycledsilicon,
295
aluminium
(}
Solar-power generator
327,
Recycledmaterials
3
29
Rut l and 913
Windcharger
Weighing just 13kg (28Ib),
this wind generator has a
twenty-year pedigree and
has been well proven in a
wide varietyof climates by
yachtsmen and scientific
researchers and for military
and telecommunications
operations . Continuous
electrical generation starts
at wind speeds of 5 knots
(5.75 mph). Durable
marine-grade materials are
combined with quality
engineering, units being
manufactured to ISO gOO1 .
/
Marlec Engineering
32
Company, UK
.,
MarlecEngineering
32
Company, UK

Stainlesssteel]
295
aluminium, glass-
reinforcedpolymer
(}
Renewable windpower
3
2
9
Energy Generation
AstroPower
Single crystal solar cells are
manufactured using silicon
wafers obtained from
recycled sources in the
semiconductor industry.
Such low-embodied-energy
cells are veryefficient
energyconverters and are
mounted in aluminium
frames, which fit industry-
standard devices for
tracking the movement of
the sun.
/
AstroPower, USA
3
12
.,
AstroPower, USA
3
12

Recycledsilicon,
295
aluminium
(}
Solar-powergenerator 327,
Recycledmoterials
3
2
9
Farm 2000 ' HT' boilers
Arange of high
temperature (HT) boilers
has been designed to
accommodate typical
biomass fuels availableon
the farm, such as circular
or l-tonne rectangular
straw bales, as well as
woodchips, cardboar d and
other combustible wastes.
Heat outputs varyfrom
20kWto 300kWdepending
on the boiler and the
equivalent electricitycosts
per kwh are between 25
and 33per cent of those of
kerosene oil or natural gas.
An upper refractoryarch
encourages complete
burning of gases, improves
the overall efficiencyand
minimizes atmos pheric
emissions. Annual or short-
rotation crops for biomass
fuels absorb carbon dioxide
that is released on burning,
so this cycleis neutral and
makes no net cont ribution
to the greenhouse effect.
Furl mat ic1803
This three-phase alternator
generates 340Wat
wind speeds of lOm/s
(35km/h or 22mph) but is
capable of generating
electricityfrom wind
speeds as lowas 3 ra]. It
provides sufficient output
for off-grid domestic
lighting and any remote
site requiring power for
lighting, pumping water or
low-voltage equipment. An
automatic system produces
a furling point at 15
met res/secon d to protect
the generator from damage
by excessivewinds. Other
automatic features include
an overcharge battery
protection device, which
stalls the turbine, and a
12V or 24Vcontroller unit.
This twin-blade turbine,
diameter 1.87m (6ft),
is mounted on a
minimum 6.5m (21ft)
tower. All components
are manufactured at an
ISO gOOl -compliant
factory.
/
Marlec Engineering
3
20
Company, UK
.,
Marlec Engineering
320
Company, UK

Stainless
295,
steel/aluminium, GRP
34
'
(}
Renewable windpower
3
29
/
TeisenProducts, UK
324
.,
TeisenProducts, UK
3
24

Steel
295
(}
Acarbon-dioxide
328,
neutral heatingsystem
3
29
BiomassjUels
obtainablelocally
Fils
ol
solar collector
Waterheating in buildings
intemperate climates can
bereadilysupplemented
byinstallationof a solar
collector. Sunlight enter s
the acryliccollector, which
transmits 89 per cent of
incident light, and heats a
'Stamax' absorber plate
madeofspeciallycoated
stainlesssteel. Colourless
oxides ofchromium,
nickel and iron provide an
absorptionof0.93ofthe
incident energy, transferring
it to anaqueous antifreeze
mixture running inchannels
inthe absorber plate. This
hot aqueous mixture is
pumpedwhenever its
temperature is higher than
thewater inthe hot-water
tank, wherefurther heat
exchangeens ues.
"
Filsol, UK 3
16
.,
Filsol, UK 3
16

Stainlesssteel, 295
aluminium, alloys,
acrylic, po/y-
isocvanurate foam

Reductioninenergy 3
29
requirementf or
waterheating
Enercon E-66
Windmills have entered a
newera. Borrowing from
aeronautical engineering,
designers have introduced
newfeatures to the
Enercon E-66 wind-
powered generator. A
tape red mast permits
better load distribution on
the 100-metre-high (330
feet) monster and the wing
tips are bent to reduce
turbulence and noise
pollution. It willtake twenty
years to pay back the
investment of [ 2.5 million
each and start generating
'free' energy but with their
capacityto supply1,200
homes, and a commitmen t
bythe European Union to
increase renewable energy
to 10 per cent of overall
power generation capacity
by 2010, more of these
generators are likelyto dot
the landscape in future.
"
Fo,' er<J{ Parlners, UK
3
06
.,
Prototype

Various
339

Windpowerrenewable
3
29
energygeneration
Plastics, wirecoils, 295
electronics, battery
Human power 329
Adr;an Crisan, Compaq, 3'4
USA
Prototype, Compaq, 314
USA
o

Laptop computers use d

away from power sources
quic kly drain the power
from batteri es , but if an
electr ical current can be
generated during norm al
keyboa rd use it is pos sible
to recharge the batt eries
as t he computer is being
used . Magnets attached to
each key move over a wire
coil shaft, generati ng the
current. This pate nted
technology could either
ma ke laptops much lighte r
and/or extend the working
time away from a ma ins
power source.
Compute r-keyboa rd
generator
Energy Generation
'" 0
GFX
0
The heat within waste s:
('I)
water from domestic ()
....
shower s, bat hs and sinks
VI
Q'
ca n be reclaimed to heat
the incoming cold-wate r
Q
supply to the hot-wat er

tank . GFX is an ins ulated ::::l
OQ
spiral coil of copper
NSS (Non -Stop
tubing carrying the
Shoes)
cold supply, which is
in int imat e contact
Translating the wit h a falling-film heat
expenditure of human exchanger through which
energy into power is the waste hot water
well understood in the
context of sport, but how
f I much energy expended
in everyday activities ca n
II
be harnessed to power
iI
appliances in our dai ly
lives? Emili Padr6s
suggests that even the
I
process of walking could
!
!
generate electr icity,
i
which could be utilized
to powe r lamps and
rad ios once we retu rn
home. Developing the
mechanisms to generate
and store energy could
redefine the shoe of
the future.
/
Emili Padr6s, Barcelona,
3
09
Spain
0
Conceptual design

Various, batteryenergy
339
storage
(}
Renewable (human)
3
2
9
energygenerator
t ravels by gravity. The
system is capable of
savi ng up to 2kW of
power from each shower.
/
WaterFilmEnergy, USA
3
26
0
WaterFilm Energy, USA
3
26

Copper, insulation
295
(}
Energyconservation
3
29
Logamax plu s GB1l 2-19
(Linea)
This wall-mounted boiler
unit offers an output
capacityof between 9.6kW
and 19.1 kW. It uses an
effi cient ceramic burner to
provide more complete
combustion of the gas fuel,
resultingin emission levels
well under those specified
inthe German Bl ue Angel
eco-label scheme.
NSD(Non-Stop
Doors)
Anyrepetitive human
movement in our everyday
lives expends energy, some
of which can be captured
and stored for later use.
InpublicbUildings the act
of opening and passing
through doors is repeated
hundreds oftimes each
day. This human energy
IS transferredto stored
energy, which lights up
the frame of the door.
Potentiallythis improves
the eco'efficiency of each
individual as some of the
/
Buderus Heizteehnik
3' 3
GmbH, Germany
.,
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany

Steel, variousmetals
295
includi ngaluminium-
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burnerunit)

Energyefficient
3
2
9
BlueAngeleco-lobel
energyacquired from
primaryfood reserves is
recycled. But the real
advantage of this concept
is that renewable energy
is generated without
requiring any behavioural
or cultural changes
/
EmiliPadres, Barcelona,
3
09
Spain
.,
Conceptual design

Various, batteryenergy
339
storage

Renewable(human)
3
29
energygenerator
Logano Gt za
This free-standing boiler
unit offers an output
capacity of between
9kWand 34kW, making
it suitable for heating
single or multiple
dwellings. Akeyfeature
is the efficient ceramic
burner, which provides
more complete
combustion of the
natural or liquid gas
fuel, reducing emission
levels of nitrous oxides
and carbon monoxide
belowthe levels set by
the German Blue Angel
eco-label scheme.
Energy Generation
s::
'"
n
::r
::J
(l)
VI
/
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany
e
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany

Castiron, variousmetals
295
includingaluminium-
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burner unit)

Energy efficient
3
29
BlueAngeleco-labei
Multibrid wind energy
converter
This wind tur bine is
designed to work offshore
exposed to high-speed,
salt-laden winds, so all
components are sealed to
prevent ingress of water.
Unique aspects of the
design include slow
rotationa l movement
to ensure that the unit
can be operated without
maintenance for the first
"
Bartsch Design
3
04
IndustrialDesign Gbr,
Germany
0
aerodynEnergiesysteme
3' 2
GmbH, Germany

Various
34
0
(}
Sourceof renewable
329
energy
three years. This massive
generator, with individual
blades spanning 50 met res
(164ft). is an innovative
rotor with excellent
aerodynamics.
Paradigma epe Star
This solar collector is based
upon a modular design
allowingeasy sepa ration of
components and materials
and facilitating almost 10 0
per cent recycli ng. Material
usage has been kept to
a minimum, giving a
lightweight structure with
a high efficiencyin low
sunlight and at ambient
temperatures below
freezing point.
"
BiirojUr
35
Produktgestaltung,
Germany
0
RitterEnergie und 3
23
UmwelttechnikGmbH
KG, Germany
.-
Aluminium, glass 295

(}
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
andrecycling
4
iFEcologyDesign 33
2
Award, 2000
POWER Cell
Over 16 per cent of incident
sunlight is converted into
electrical power with these
Sunway solar cells, a very
efficient ratio compared
with conventional solar
cells. Various versions of
the POWERcells are
manufactured, including
those offering up to 30 per
cent transparency. The
transmitt ed light is white,
yet there is a range of
external colours for the
cells, using a process of
texturing that avoids the
use of chemicals. Now
solar cells can be integrated
into any aperture intended
to introduce light into a
building, such as windows
and roof lights, thereby
reducing overall
construction costs.
/
Roland Burkhardt,
3
05
Sunways, Germany
.,
Sunways, Germany
324

Siliconpolycrystaffine
'95
wafers

Dua/lunctionsolar-
3'8,
powergeneratorand
3'9
windowmaterial
as well as a TVtable-cum-
batteryholder. Lampu Lita
are hanging lamps made
of plastic. Systems can be
purchased under a monthly
payment scheme.
Photovoltaies, metal,
batteries, circuit boards
Solarpower
MSKCorporation,
Japan
MSKCorporation,
Japan
295
3
21
329
Solar Moon portable
renewable energyunit
The lid of this briefcase is a
photovoltaic panel capable
of recharging AA batteries
to operate the appliances
stored inside the case -
radio, torch and emergency
light. Included in the kit is a
lOWhigh-effi ciency bulb
capable of providing light
for up to ten hours.
PTSudimarf nerg;
Surya, Indonesia
PaulHesse1s, unknown
Low-cost solarsystems
forremotehouseholds
andcommunities
Variousplastics,
photovolta;es

Why install a photovoltaic

panel on top of an existing
roofing surface when the
job of keeping out the
weathe r and generating
energycan be combined in
one product - the Solar
Shingle?These zrn-long
(7ft). 30cm-wide (tzln),
photovoltaic panels can
be simplynailed on to the
roofing substruct ure
instead of roofing shingles,
slates or tiles. Each panel
is subdivided into 12x
30cm (5x i z in) sect ions
that visuallymimic
traditional roofing
materials. Generating 17W
each at 6V, panels can be
wired together to produce
the required capacity.
Solar Homes Systems
The archipelago of
Indonesia comprises
over 13,000 islands, so
nationwide distribution of
electricity by a conventional
overland 'grid' is not
feasible. Invented in 1988,
the Solar Homes Systems
concept is an inexpensive
solar generator, capable
of generat ing up to 250W
per day and suitable for
powering lighting,
radio and TV. Hessels
has designed lighting
specifically for the system
The Solar Shingle
SHR-17
/
Uni-Solar, USA
3
25
.,
Uni-Solar, USA
3
25

Photovoitaics, Teft el
295
glazing. stainless-steel
backing

Solar-power 328,
generation
329
Reduceduseof
constructi onmaterials
,
" ,-',
.' .. "... / .. .t
Tedlarlaminate
BPSolarex, the world's
largest manufacturer of
photovoltaic cells and
laminates, constructed
the G8 Solar house to
demonstrate the efficacyof
low-energysolar-powered
houses and offices. The
system uses a curving, .
south-facing photovoltalC
arrayOf176 laminate
modules connected to a
z4
0V
inverter wired to the
local network. This array
can meet the needs of four
energy-effici ent houses. BP
Solarex produce a diverse
range of photovoltaic
options including: screen-
printed cells capable of
converting1Z-14 per cent of
incident sunlight into
electrical energy; high-
effici ency Laser Grooved
Buried Grid (LGBG) cells,
in which alie; thin copper
gridisetched into the
surface of the silicon wafer,
resulting in a zo per cent
increase in efficiencyover
' normal' cells; and thin film
cells using amorphous
silicon at two-thousandths
of a millimetre rather than
crystalline silicon, which
must be about one-third
of a millimetre to absorb
the full spectrum. Efficiency
in the thin filmcells
does drop but high-volume
manufacturing compensates
in terms of cheapness .
BPSolarexare also now
able to produce semi-
Solar-powered service
st at i on canopy
Forecourts of most service
stations protect customers
from the weather by means
t ranspa rent photovoltaic
modules, in a special
laminate called Tedlar' ",
in which the density of the
PVcells per squa re metre
can be cust omized to meet
particular architectural
requirements.
of a canopy. BPAmoco pic,
in line with their long-term
objectives to become a
#
BPSolarex, worldwide
3'3
0
BPSolarex, worldwide
3'3

Silicon, semi-conductor
295
materials, copper, glass

Dualfunctional PV 328,
unitsforsolar.power
329
generationandglazing
clean and respons ible
energy company,
have designed special
photovoltaic arrays for
installation on canopies to
generate all the electricity
needed to pump fuel and
for lighting and so on.
This energy-neutra l
installation will event ually
be incorporated into all
newservice stations.
#
BPAmoco,UK
3'3
0
BPAmoco, UK
3'3

Photovoltaic panels
339

Conversionof specialist
32
8
buildingtoenergy-
neutral status
/
SolarCentUlY, UK
310
0
Uni.Soiar, USA
3
25

Special photovoltaic
339
panels

MultifUnctional
3
29
Solar-powered
been tota lly reroofed wit h
an insta lled ca pacity of
2kW would generate
enough capacity to burn
the toas t 800 times and
brew 350 cups of tea.
Householders can
become su ppliers of green
electricity, although a long
view is needed to make
the payback on capital
investment.
295,
JJ9
Rayotec Ltd,UK
Low-iron sodaglass,
copper, shape.memory
metal
High-efficiencysolar-
poweredhot water
system

for an average household

is about 40 per cent. All
Thermomax ma nufact uring
plants com ply with ISO
gOO1 .
ove rheating. Wate r
surrounding the condenser
absorbs heat as it flows.
Energy conversion even on
cloudy days is very efficient,
with an ove rall an nual
efficiency of over 70 per
cent. The reduct ion of gas
or electricity heating costs
Solar roof tiles, which are a
similar size to conventional
ti les or slates, can be
attached to a building
instead of conventional
photovoltaic penals,
enabling the user to renew
the actual protective
roofing layer and install
a so lar-powered energy
generator in one operation.
Each so lar t ile is a special
photovoltaic cell that is
con necte d to a batt ery
sto rage system and/or
t he local electr icity supply
netwo rk. On a typical
British day a Victor ian
ter raced house that has
Sol ar roo f t iles
Thermornax"
Flat -plat e solar collecto rs
show a reduct ion in
efficiency from 60 per
cent at an operating
temperature of 20 ( down
to abou t 40 per cent as the
temperature doubles.
Not so with vacuum-tube
solar collectors, which
can maintain efficiencies
of over 60 per cent at
temperatures of 80C.
Asemi-conductor absorber
plate sits within an
evacuated glass tube.
The special liquid-filled
heat pipe is in intimate
contact with the abso rber
plate where heat from the
sun causes the liquid to
evaporate to the top of a
condenser unit. Between
t he pipe and the condenser
sits a spring made of
shape-memory met al,
which limits heat t ransfer
through the pipe when
pre-set temperat ures are
reached, so preventing
SunCatcher
Fitting neatly inside a
standard carrying case for a
laptop PC, these twin solar
panels can triple the run
time of your PCor be used
independentlyto recharge
your spare battery. The.
deviceis compatible with
overthree hundred
models.
/
KyouraCorporation, 3
19
Japan
0
KyoceraCorporation, 3
19
Japan

Photavoltaiccells 339
0
Renewablepower 3
2
9
Topolino
Traditional wood-burning
stoves are stoked with
timber in a haphazard
fashion, causing rapid,
uncontrolled combustion
with significant heat loss
up the chimneystack.
GAAN's range of wood-
burning heaters encourage
optimal combustion
because wood is stacked
verticallyand burns from
the top, likethe wickof a
candle, producing a fuel
efficiency of 85 per cent.
As the warm combust ion
gases rise they are forced
through a double swan-
necked constriction where
heat is absorbed into the
surrounding materials.
Immediate space heating is
provided by radiated heat
from the toughened glass
door, while the remaining
heat passes into the
surrounding cast stone!
granite or steatite body
panels, where 60 per cent
of the total combustion
energyis stored and
emitted over the next sixto
eight hours. Emissions are
significantly lowerthan
required under existing EU
and Swiss regulations.
/
GAANGmbH,
3
06
Switzerland
0
Tonwerk LausenAG,
3
2
5
Switzerland

Steel, gloss, granite 295,

339

Improvedenergy
3
2
9
generation
Durableconstruction
AxorStarck
showerhead
This free-st anding shower
unit is sp ar ing in its use of
material s as part s of the
frame also act as hot- and
cold-water pipe s to deliver
to the overhe ad and hand-
held rose s. Pleating t he
polyester curtain prevent s
it from clinging to t he user .
The unit is easily plum bed
in, provides excellent
acces s for maint enance
and ca n be repositi oned
when moving hou se.
Stainless steel wou ld be a
preferred s ubst it ute for the
chromi um-pl ated stee l to
minimize the imp act s of
th is unit even further.
/
Philippe Starck, Agence
3' 0
Philippe Starck, France
0
Hans GroheAG,
3'7
Germany

Enamelledand 295
chromium-platedsteel,
polyester, polymerbase
(}
Economyof materials
3
28
usage
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
This funct ional , easy-to-
clea n mixer tap limit s wate r
out put to 7.2litres (r.Sgal)
a minute, eliminates
limescaling and has a
special sto p valve. It
combines low maintenan ce
with good looks .
AxorStarck
/
PhilippeStarck, France
3'0
0
HansGrohe, Germany
3'7

Chromium-platedsteel
295
(}
Reduceswater
33
0
consumption
Q.
iFDesignAward,1999
33
2
Clivus Multrum2
composter
This company has been
manufacturing compost ing
toilets since 1939. This
particular model, made
of 10 0 per cent-recycled
polyethylene, provides
adequate sanitation for a
three-bedroomed house.
An integral moistening
system ensu res biomass
volume reductions of 95
per cent. Water vapour
and carbon dioxide are
the only emissions.
cllvu. DryToilet System
/
Clivus Multrum
3
14
Canada, Canada
0
Clivus Multrum
3
1
4
Canada, Canada

Recycledpolyethylene
34
1
(}
Zerowater 327,
consumption
3
28
Recycledmaterials
Compostgenerator
Canadianeco-labe!
EnvironmentalChoice
EcoLogoMcertified
...... -...
=* -
= --
Columbia emergency
water system
Atriple in-line filter system
on the inlet hose removes
particles greater than or
equal to 1 micron and
provides filtration of lead,
chlorine, nitrates, radon,
mercuryand various toxic
chemicals and pesticides
as the water is hand-
pumped to the storage
container. Filtration of
Giardia, cysts, E- coli,
cryptosporidium and other
bacteria ensures protection
against water-borne
disease. The whole system
is highly portable and
can also be fitted to stat ic
water supplies.

WaterTech Industries,
3
26
USA
0
WaterTech Industries,
3
26
USA

Plastic, metal,filters
295
(}
Emergencyprovisionof
3
29
clean, safe, drinking
water
available, ergonomically
des igned to fit a huge
variety of posteriors, and
with hygienic surfaces in a
typically clean, sculptural,
Scandinavian form.
/
IjO SanitarAB, Sweden
3
18
.,
IjO SanitarAB, Sweden
3
18

Ceramics, polypropylene
295
ordurop/astic
o
Encourageswater
329,
consefVation
33
0
Improvedergonomics
If6Cera range
The humble toilet bears the
hallmark of a couple of
hundred years of traditional
industrial design but few
people knowwhat happens
inside the water cistern. In
traditional toilet designs
extravagant volumes of
water are used to flush
even small quantities of
human effluent. Today, to
meet the need for water
conservation, sanitary-ware
manufacturers such as If6
Sanitar have introduced
dual-flush cisterns
offering two- or four-litre
(o.a-o.qgal) water
deliveryand, more
recently, adjustable
flushing volumes, from
three to eight litres
(O.7-1.8gal) in the If6
Cera range. Polypropylene
or duroplast ic seating is
/
Sun-MarCorporation, 324
Canada
.,
Sun-MarCorporation, 3
2
4
Canada

Fibreglass 295,
34
()
Reductioninwater
33
consumption
Recycling of human
waste
Excel NE
With over twenty-five
years' experience of
designing composting,
waterless toilets, Sun-
Mar Corporation have
developed a range of self-
contained and central
composting toilet systems.
Most models are equipped
with an electrically driven
fan to provide an odour-
free atmos phere but the
Excel NEis totally non-
electric, using a vent
chimney instead. The
operating principle in all
Sun-Mar toilets is identical.
Amixture of peat, some
topsoil and/ or 'Microbe
Mix' is added to the Bio-
drum' and a cupful of peat
bulking mixis added
per person per day. After
use the Bio-drum is
mechanicallyturned
between four and six
revolutions everythird day
or so to aerate the mixture.
Fullydegraded compost is
removed from a bottom
finishing drawer as
required. An evaporating
chamber at the rear of the
drum ensures excess
moisture is removed.
So confident are the
manufacturers ill the
robust design of their
toilets that they offer free
parts for three years and a
twenty-fiveyear warranty
on the fibreglass body.
MisterSunnyboy
Designedfor ease of
assembly, this modular
construction uses sand-
blasted plexiglass to create
a water distiller driven by
the passive energy of the
sun. It can be suspended
or placed in the ground
and provides fresh, treated
water from a decept ively
simpleyet functional
design.
/
FrogDesign, Germany 3
06
rO
prototype, 1997

Plexiglas<, plastics 295

Passivesolarpower 328,
Provision ofsafe 3
29
drinking water
Plushtap
Conservation of resources
in public buildings ought to
be a high priority but it
often needs an innovation
to encourage capital
investment before tangible
results can be achieved.
Plush Tap is such an
innovation. It allows
existing cross-head taps
to be converted into push
taps by using an adaptor
to fit on the old tap body.
Water is conserved, as taps
cannot be accidentallyleft
running. The advantages of
push taps are especially felt
where water is metered.
/
Flow Control Water
3
16
Conservation, UK
.,
FlowControl Water
3
16
Conservation, UK

Brass, seals, stainless

295
steel

Encourages water
33
0
conservation
s:
llJ
n
:::r
:3
(J)
III
Oxfambucket
Jerrycans holding about 2 2
or 45litres (5or i ogal} are
the normal means of
providingwater carriers for
aid or disaster relief work
byagencies such as Oxfam.
But rigid jerrycans take up
a lot of valuable payload
space on aid work planes,
so Core Plastics developed
a stackable bucket with
a removablelid, which
incorporates a filler
hole/spout with snap-on
top. Anindentation in the
base helps reduce the risk
of spinal injuries when the
bucket is carried on the
head. The bucket design
Improvesthe effi cacyof
relief efforts.
/
OxfomjCore Plastics.
3
09
UK
.,
Core Plastics. UK
3
0
9

Lightweight, UV-
295
resistant plastic

Reductionintransport
3
28
energyperunitwater
carrier
, e
e
Or so rai n co llecto r
Safe Tap
As mo re households inst all
systems for recycling water
the risk of accid ental usage
of greywate r (wast e water
from was hing, bathin g,
etc) for drin king will
i ncrease. This ta p can be
opened on ly when a special
gar den hose connector is
inserted into t he greywat er
faucet
/
WeLLDesignAssociates,
3
11
Netherlands
.,
Flamco, Netherlands
3
16

Recyclable mat erials

34
'
o
Safetyf eaturefor 32] ,
greywatersystems
34
0
Recyclable mat erials
Water harvester
In a Chilean fishing village
ca lled Chun gungo a
st unninglys imple system
helps mitigat e water s upply
problems. Local conditio ns
give rise to fog whe re the air
is sat urated with moistur e.
The air borne water part icles
are encouraged to co ndense
on fine nylon me sh sc ree ns ,
providi ng up to 10,000 litres
(2,200g al) of water a day,
/
Ad-hocsystem
.,
Ad-hocsystem, Chile

Nylon net
295

Watercollectionand
33
0
conservation
Rainwater storage tan ks
Wagner & COe fabricate a mains water consumption 14001 and EMASe
range of rainwater storage can be ach ieved, At t he
tan ks from 750 to 2,000 same t ime t here is a
/
Wagnera(Coe
3
26
lit res (165-440 ga llons) co ncomitant saving in the
Solortechnik GmbH,
ca pacity, which, when fitted ene rgy and chem icals tha t
Germany
to a pump and filtrati on the wate r utility compani es
.,
Wagnera( Cae
3
26
Solartechnik GmbH,
system, supply wate r for us e to deliver drinkin g-
Germany
was hing machines, toilets, qu ality water - mu ch of

Polyethylene, various
34'
gardening and for general which ends up bein g us ed
othermat erials
cleaning purposes, for cleaning rather than

Conservationand
33
0
Potentially reductions of drinking, The compan y is utilizationa/rainwater
up to 50 per cent of normal regis te red to bot h ISO
0 CD CD
Water is t he resou rce of t he
twenty-first cent ury, Both
indust rial and domest ic
use is increas ing in mo st
nati on s . Storage of
this preciou s commodity
is essenti al but many
so lution s for s ma ll-volume
sto rage consist of little
mo re t han cylindr ical
plast ic containers with a
tap e Marc De [onghe' s Rain
Column has an attachment
point for a faucet and
garden hose. A standard
connector allows any
number of columns to be
co nnected to one anot he r
to provide increased
storage ca pacity,
/
MarcDeJonghe, 0"0
3
0
5
Design, Belgium
.,
Prototype

Plastics
295

Encourages water
3
29
.
conservation
33
0
Flexible storage system
Waterlessurinal
system
To avoid the build-up of
odours, public urinals
tend to use a lot of water
to flush the problem
away. Waterless UK think
theyhave come up with a
solution by using water-
repellent gels on the
insideof the bowl and a
specialfil ter to absorb
the urine solids and let
the remaining aqueous
waste enter the greywater
system. Afloating gel on
top of the filter prevents
anysmellyvapours
from polluting the local
atmosphere. Filters last
up to six months and
are replaced under a
maintenance contract.
Thefull environmental
costs of this waterless
Vulcan Ram
system must include the
embodied energyin the
manufacture of the
system components, the
transport energyof the
installation and
maintenance and the
disposal option when the
filters are no longer
usable. Saving money on
water may be possible
with this system but the
full environmental costs
must be computed.
/
Waterless UK, UK
3
26
0
Waterless UK, UK
3
26

Water-repellent gel,filter
34'
cartridge
(}
Reduceswater
3
28
consumption
s:
'"
n
:r
:::l
III
Vl
Aramis a water-driven
pump using a natural head
ofwaterto force water in a
small-diameter pipe uphill.
Waterflows through a pipe
takenfrom a stream or lake
feedand is accelerated as
it passes through a pulse
valve. This valve snaps shut
whensufficient pressure
buildsup in the ' input'
chamber in the ram with
the result that a p r o ~ o r t o
ofthe water is forced
through a deliveryvalve
Intothe 'output' chamber.
Typicallythere are between
forty and ninety open/ shut
cycles inthe pulse valve
each minute. Air under
pressure in the output
chamber converts the
pulsing water through the
deliveryvalve into a steady
flowto a header tank.
Rams are capable of raising
water up to 100 metres
(330ft) above the ram and
pumping 25,000 litres
(55,ooogals) in twenty-four
hours. Using traditional
cast-iron and gunmetal
production techniques,
Green & Carter have been
manufacturing rams since
1928and export worldwide.
They still repair rams
des igned and made by
Josiah and James Easton,
who installed water-
pumping schemes for
many eighteenth- and
nineteenth-century
landowners. The ram is
an example of Industrial
Revolution technologystill
proving durable, reliable
and economical.
/
Originallypatentedby
Pierre Montgolfierin
, 8, 6
0
GreenalCarter, UK
3' 7

Cast iron, metals, rubber 295,

34
0
(}
Energyand water 328,
conservation
329
Durability
Kolaps-A-Tank
This collapsible 1.340
US gallon (1,116imperial
gal) water bag is a
portable cubic package
measuring just 45cm
(18 in) on each side.
Made of tough, food-
grade vinyl, approved by
the US Food and Drugs
Administration, it is ideal
for relief workin drought
zones, being easily
transportable by road.
/
Burch, USA
3'3
0
Burch, USA
3' 3

Food-gradevinyl
295
(}
Facilitatesemergency
3
28
waterdistribution
but this separator resulted
in loss of charge and
degraded chemically.
Scimat found that if
polypropylene was
exposed to an ultraviolet
grafting technique it could
absorb water and
became hydrophilic.
This improved penetration
of the electrolyteinto
the sepa rator, improving
charge retention and
efficiency of NiMH
batteries.
/
SciMAT, UK 3
23
.,
SciMAT, UK 3
23

Uv-treated 34
1
polypropylene

Improvesefficiency 329
andlifetimeoj
rechargeablebatteries
Eco Charger
Batterylifeof NiMH, Nicad
and AlkalineAA, AAA, C
and Dcells is generally
shortened by overcharging
but the Eco Charger's LCD
allows monitoring of the
state of the charge and so
extends the number of
possible recharges.
/
Saitek, USA
3
2
3
.,
Saitek, USA
3
23

Plastic, metal, LCD

295
o
Reuseandextendedlife
32
8
[orconsumables
is also recyclate.Alifespan
of ten years is guaranteed
and thereafter many of the
components can be once
again recycled.
/
Trojan Battery
3
2
5
Company, USA
.,
Trojan Battery
325
Company, USA

Recycledplastic,
295
recycledlead

Highpercentageoj 32]
recyclotesusedin
manuJocturing
Trojan L-16
This 360Ah (amp hour),
6V-capacitybattery is
suitable for trickl e
charge from photovoltaic
generating systems but will
also accept a rapid charge
from a fossil fuel, wind or
water generator. This
makes it ideal for domestic
renewable energy systems.
All the lead is from recycled
sources and 80 per cent
of the plastic Polyon casing
/
Unknown
.,
Unknown;retoi/erJode
335
Mountain,USA

Cord, plastic, metal 295,

34
0

Reductioninraw 328,
materialsduring
3
29
production
Encouragesuseoj
rechargeablebatteries
Scimat 70 0 / 30 and
7
0 0
/35
Rechargeable nickel metal
hydride batteries (NiM H)
don't use anycadmium,
which is a highly toxic
ingredient of nickel-
cadmium (NiCad)
batteries. When NiMH
batteries were introduced
they used the same nylon
material to separate
the positive and negative
electrodes and the
electrolyte as NiCads
APT batteryadapter
Aseries of cylindrical
sleeves permits
rechargeable AA- and
C-type battery cells to be
used instead of D-type
cells.
/
Unknown
.,
SAVAWott (UK) Ltd
3
2
3

Plastic, brass, electronics

295

Reductioninenergy
32
8
consumption
Savaplug
This '3-amp, three-pin plug
will adjust the electricity
supplyto match the load
requirements of the motor
on a refrigerator and
so reduce consumption,
especiallyon older
models or large motors .
AccuPlus Ult ra
Vartawere one of the
first batterymanufacturers
to abandon the use
of mercurywith the
introduction of
rechargeablenickel
cadmium (NiCad) batteries
(or portable applianc.es in
the mid-1 ggos. ContinUi ng
their quest to reduce the
environmental impact of
their products, Varta now
offerl.2VAA, Cand D
and 8-4VPP3 rechargeable
nickel metal hydride
(NiMH) batteries. These
batteries are totallyfree
of mercury and cadmium
and offera longer life
than NiCadswith, typically,
upto a thousand charge/
discharge cycles.

Varto,Germany
325
.,
Varto, Germany
3
2
5

Nickel, metal hydride,

295
metal

Reductioninmaterials
328,
usage
3
29
Reductionintoxic
emissionsfollowing
disposal
Reuse byrecharging
Wh igh-
efficiency motor
Brook Hansen is a major
supplier of heavy-duty
electric motors to UK
industry. The 'W' High-
Effi ciency Motor uses a
newtype of steel with
improved magnetic
characteristics, which
increases electrical
effici ency by3 per cent.
Electric motors account
for over 65 per cent of the
energy usage by UK
industry, so this new motor
can potentially reduce
carbon dioxide emissions
in the UKby up to 2.5
million tonnes per annum
as existing motors are
replaced. Use of this
special steel also allows
a reduction of 30 per cent
byweight compared with
conventional steels.
/
Brook Hansenwith
3
13
ShejJieldand
CambridgeUniversities,
UK
., Brook Hansen, UK
3
13

Steel, copper, various

295
athers

Reductioninenergy
327,
andmaterials usage
3
28
Protectionoffishstocks
FishGuidanceSystems,
UK
Various
Renewable materials
Prevention of soil
erosion
VariousforABGLtd. UK
Jute, coir
Fish Guidance Systems,
UK
Unknown
using air bubbles. The
sonic barrier warns fish to
avoid the area and diverts
them elsewhere.

All types of mat can be

seeded to create a dense
sward of vegetation, which
further bonds the surface
of the soil.
BioAcoustic Fish Fence
(BAFF)
ErosamatType 1, lA, 2
Woven mats of natural
fibres placed on the surface
of the soil absorb raindrop
impact and significantly
reduce water runoff and
consequent soil erosion.
Erosamat Type 1 and lA
are made from jute fibres
while Erosamat Type 2 is a
heavier duty geotextile of
coir fibres extracted from
the husks of coconuts .
The latter takes longer to
decompose but affords
greater protection to soils
more at riskfrom erosion.
Industrial and hydroelectric
water intakes are usually
protected bya physical
grilleor barrier to prevent
fish from being drawn in
with the water. However,
these conventional barriers
reduce water flow, need
maintenance and can kill
the fish they are designed
to protect. The BAFF is a
patented technologyfor
creating a curtain of sound
cavities and is not
corroded bythe refrigerant.
Preventing leakage of
refrigerant also improves
refrigerationefficiency and
reduces consumption of
electric power.
/
3M NewProducts
3
12
DevelopmentTeam,
Germany
.,
3M, Germany
3
12

Various
339

Improved personal
3
28
healthequipment
iFDesignAward, 1999
33
2
/
UniversalMaster
325
Products, UK
.,
Universal Master
325
Products, UK

PTFE
34
1

Reduction inozone-
328,
depletinggases
34
0
Reductioninenergy
consumption
eNDOSeAL
3MSerie 9300
If masks are
uncomfortable, wearers
tend to discard them,
so compromising their
individual protection
against fine dust in the
workplace. This newmask
from 3Mhas a rigid centre
section and flexible upper
and lower flaps to provide
a better individual fit and
make speaking easier. This
three-section design also
allows the mask to be
folded flat and the interior
kept dirt-freewhen not in
use.
The debate about ozone-
depleting gases such
as CFCs in refrigeration
units overshadowed
other necessary
innovations to tackle this
problem. Leakage of gas
from flare joints on old
and new units with CFCs,
HCFCs or other gases
still makes a significant
contribution to ozone
depletion. eNDOSeAL is
a special PTFEseal that
can be easilyfitted to
provide a 100 per cent
gas-tight seal, as the
material extrudes into
'"
o
o
E: f------------------------j
I'D
!=l-
Vl
0'
,
/
X 0 2 Limitedt las
3
26
Exosect, UK
e
Exoseci, UK
3
26

Electrostatic powder, 288-9

cardboard, hormones
,}
Avoidance oftoxic
3
29
substances
Control of pestsinfood
manufacturing
N
m
Q
:::r

"U
<3
0-
c

III
fiOFlyTrap1

Exofl yTrap' "

Control of the common
house fly is essential in
food-manufacturing plants.
ExoSect has developed a
method ofkilling flies
without using insecticides
and with a self-contained
system of disposal of the
dead flies. Acardboard
box is marked with visual
stimuli and doused
with the female fly's sex
hormone. Once enticed
inside the box, the victims
cannot take a direct flight
path out and so try and
alight on the inside surface
of the box. This is coated
with an inert powder which
theycannot grip, so they
fall to the bottom of the
boxwhere they suffocate in
a layer of the same powder.
Boxes can be disposed of
by incineration or removal
to a landfill.
Mimid
Land mines planted during
militaryand civil conflicts
during the twentieth
century kill or maim
innocent civilians every
day. An est imated 10 0
million undiscovered
mines form a lethal legacy
for future generations ,
so this portable, compact
mine detector is a useful
addition to the tools
available to mine-clearance
personnel.
/
Prof Gerhard Heufler,
3
0
7
Germany
.,
P Schiebel Elektronische
3
21
CerateAG, Germany

Various
339
,}
Contributes toa
3
28
healthierenvironment
Pureprint
Conventional web-offset
printingprocesses use
waterwithabout 10 per
cent industrial alcohol,
such as IPA, to ensure
the plates staywet so the
inkscan flow. IPAis
highly mobile as it readily
evaporates and 'dissolves'
in water. It is also a
carcinogen and therefore
creates a potentiallytoxic
environment for workers.
Beacon Press avoid using
water or alcohol and
instead use silicon rubber
to ensure appropriate
'wetting' of the plates and
sharper resolution. Nor are
any chemicals used in
preparation of filmwork,
and a strong corporate
environmenta l policy
ensures that Beacon Press
operate a clean technology
printing plant in all
aspects , from supply-chain
management to car-sharing
for employees.
/
Originally developed in
JapanandUSA
0
Beacon Print. UK
3
1
3

Siliconrubber 28
3

Reductioninwater
329.
consumption
33
0
Avoidance ofuseof
toxicsubstances
/
John Sandham and
3' 0
Stan Lewis, UK
e
LewSan Ltd
3
10

Metal,plastic 295
(}
Adding
3
2
9
multifunctionalityto
existingdesign
TRISIT2000
An estimated go million
squa re metres (lO8 million
sq yds) of waste seating
fabric was generated by the
automobile indust ry. Trisit
have patented a metho d of
fab ricat ing a multilayered
text ile to thr ee-dimensi onal
patterns without generati ng
waste from cutting an d
sizing. The system can
be mod ified to bes poke
de signs and is suitable for
automobile sea t ing and
general-pur pose furnit ure.
/
Trisit Design, Germany
3
25
.,
Trisit Textiltechnologie
3
2
5
GmbH. Germany

Flame-resistantfabric 300-1
(}
Reductioninwaste
328,
output
3
29
Reductioninmaterials
andenergy
consumption
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
Stairmate
Working up ladde rs on
slopes or stai rs can be
hazardous. The Sta irma te,
a folding foot to use on
the base of t he ladder,
can improve m atters . It is
adj uste d to give a sta ble base
from which any convent iona l
ladd er ca n be safelyclimb ed.
Tensar" range
Steep const ructio n slopes
can be reinforced with
Tensar" 80 RE, a uni -axial
grid of polypropylene
with elongated apertures,
which improves the
shear strengt h of the
exposed surface layers.
Extrude d sheets of s pecia l
polyethylene are punched
with regularly shaped
apertures, then stretched
unde r heat to create a high-
st rengt h grid. When t his
geo mat is laid on the
surface it reduces soi l
ero sion by absorbing the
energy of raind rop impact
and providing an anchor
for plant roots.

Netlon, UK
Netlon, UK
Polypropyleneor
polyethylene
Protectionagainstsoil
erosion andslope
failure
Miscellal'1eolils
to look like bark an d
covere d wit h UV-resistant
plast ic foliage . Alt hough
this product dea ls with
t he question of visua l
intrusion, the real debat e
should be about the
environmental hea lth
as pects of the mass ive
netwo rk expan sion of
telecoms co mpanies .
/
Orange, UK
3
21
e
Orange, UK
3
21

Galvanizedsteel, paint,
295
Uv-tesiston: plastic

Reductionof visual
329
intrusioninthe
landscape
Tree masts
As t he te lecommuni-
cations industry extends
its networks in response
to public demand for
more mo bile phones,
Internet connections and
other pay-as- you-go
serv ices, t here is a
dem and for greater
network cove rage . This
mea ns installing new
t ransmitte r (and receiver)
masts. The masts are
visua llyint rusive, so
Orang e, the UK's largest
mo bile phone networ k
provider , has created a
ma st th at mimicks the
look of a Scot s pine tree.
Tree Masts are made of
ga lvanized-steel ' stem'
and ' branches' pai nted
infrared beams and an
electronic chi p to match
t he reflected infrared profile
of th e plast ic bei ng tes ted
aga ins t a series of known
profiles to determine its
exact type. Both t hese
devices speed up t he
process of plasti cs
ide ntificat ion and permit
mo re efficient recycling,
t hus also assisting with
supply-chain management.
/
Southompton
3' ,
Innovations, Universit yof
3
16
Southomptonand Ford
MotorCompany, UK
., Sauthampton
310
Innovations, UK

Various
34
'

Facilitatesplastics
3
28
recycfing
polyana4 20
Although t here is an
interna tionall y recognized
syste m of labelling plasti cs
to facilitate recycling, many
products and compon ents
are not suitab ly embossed
or labelled. Atypical car
can conta in as many as
thirty different plast ics.
So any device that can help
identifyplastics facilitat es
recycling. The Tribopen
is a hand -held pen de vice
with a brass tip th at
accuratel y measures the
electrost atic su rface
charge and is calibrated
to read the charge from
polycarbonates and
polypropylenes. A light
then comes on to indicate
which of these two plast ics
has been ident ified.
Polyana is a portable
detector, which use s
Materials from the
biosphere and lithosphere
Materials derived fromthe
livingcomponents of the
planet, the biosphere, are
renewable and originate
from plants, animals
and micro-organisms.
Biosphere materials include
special groups of manmade
materials such as
compostable biopolymers
and biocomposites derived
from plant matter. Such
materials are readily
returned to the cycles of
nature. Materials derived
from the lithosphere
(geological strata of the
earth's crust) fall into
two main categories. The
first categoryis widely
distributed or abundant
materials such as sand,
gravel, stone and clay,
while the second category
includes materials whose
distribution is limited,
such as fossil fuels,
metal ores and precious
metals/stones. Materials
In complex products,
such as a car, involVi ng
application of many
materials, the calculations
of embodied energy
are more involved. For
instance, using lightweight
aluminium as opposed
to steel in the chass is of a
car will ensure greater fuel
efficiencyand so reduce
the total energy use
over the lifetime of the
product. Selection of high-
embodied-energymaterials,
which are durable and
extend product life, may
be preferred to lower-
embodied-energymaterials,
which have a short product
life. So a veryimportant
consideration is the
embodied energyof the
material over the lifespan
of the product.
within an ecosystem, that is,
the energycaptured, energy
flows within the ecosystem
and energy losses. All
materials represent stored
energy, captured from the
sun or already held in the
lithosphere of the earth.
Materials also represent or
embodythe energy used to
produce them. One tonne
of aluminium takes over a
hundred times more energy
to produce than one tonne
of sawn timber, so the
embodied energyof
aluminium is comparatively
high. Materials with a low
embod ied energyare
generallythose with a
smaller rucksack of
environmental impacts.
Materials extracted direct ly
from nature and requiring
little processing tend to be
low-embodied-energy
materials, while manma de
materials tend to possess
medium to high embod ied
energy (Table2).
Ecomater ials
Anecomaterial is one that
has a minimal impact on
the environment but offers
maximum performance for
the required design task.
Ecomaterials are easily
reintroduced into cycles.
Ecomaterials from the
biosphere are recycled by
nature and ecomate rials
from the technosp here
are recycled by manmade
processes. -
Embodied energy
One measure of eco-
efficiencyis the degree of
efficiencyof use of energy
Table 1: Achecklist for selecting materials
Material att ribute Low environ- Highenviron-
mental impact mental impact
Resource availabil ity Renewable Non-renewable
and/or abundant and/or rare
Distance to source(the Near Far
closer thesourcethe less
the transportenergy
consumed) km
Embodiedenergy (thetotal Low High
energy embodied withinthe
material from extractionto
finishedproduct) MJ perkg
Recycledfraction (the High Low
proportionof recycled
content) per cent
Production of emissions Zero/Low High
(to air, water and/or land)
Production ofwaste Zero/ Low High
Production of toxins or Zero/ Low High
hazardous substances
Recyclability, reusabi lity High Low
End-of-life waste Zero/Low High
Cycl icity(the easewithwhich High Low
the materialcan berecycled)
environmental , social and
ethical issues. The checklist
in Table 1 offers a method
of considering the potential
impacts of a material.
Introduction
People first developed
methods to synthesize
materials from nat ure
at the time of the
earliest civilizations in
Mesopotamia. The
Industrial Revolution and
two worldwars accelerated
the synthesis of new
manma de materials. Today
the designer is faced with
a mind-bogglingarrayof
hundreds of thousands of
materials, some of which
have no or little impact on
the environment while
others generate a rucksack
of environmental impacts
including depletion of non-
renewable resources, toxic
or hazardous emissions
to air, water or land, and
the generation of large
quantities of solid waste.
While designers have
traditionally selected
materials on the basis of
their physical, chemical and
aesthetic properties, as well
as bycost and availability,
ot her parameters, such
as resource depletion, are
now proving important.
Designers are nowobliged
to observe legal restrictions
on the use of materials from
endangered species, as
listed in the 1973 Convention
on International Trade in
Endangered Species
(CITES) . Various voluntary
certification schemes, such
as the Forest Stewardship
Council and SmartWood
schemes, ensure that
materials originate from
sustainablymanaged
forests. Unfortunately,
designers have few
published guidelines about
criteria for selecting
materials in relation to
~
(It's AMaterial World)
Introduction
l _
Adopkdfrom Cambridgefnginu ring Selector, versionj.o, Granto Design Ltd, UK
Polymer - thermoset - melamine 120-15
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - coppervarious alloys "5-180
Green procurement
Designers can also reduce
the impacts of materials
they use if they specify
sources of materials and
minimum recycle fractions
and if they insist on
compliance with certain
standards, such as eco-
labels or voluntary industry
schemes (see Green
Organizations, p. 331).
Specifiying suppliers or
manufacturers that comp ly
with internationa lly
recognized environmental
management systems ,
such as ISO 14001 or
EMAS, is also desirable.
(gold, platinum, silver)
between 90 and 98 per
cent. Relatively inexpensive
polymers (plastics), on the
other hand, exhibit recycle
fractions of between zero
and 60 per cent , the
most commonl y recycled
plastics being PET(20-30
per cent recyclefraction),
polypropylene (25-35 per
cent), polyethylene as LOPE
or HOPE(typically 50-60
per cent) and polystyrene
(35-40 per cent) . Specialist
technos phere materials,
especiallycomposites, for
example, thermosets and
reinforced thermoplastics,
often have less than 1 per
cent recyclefraction.
Closed-loop recycling
of materials from the
technosphere significantly
reduces environmental
impacts. Metals made
entirely of recycledcontent
and recycled plastics
have an embod ied energy
that is often onlyhalf or
even as little as 10 per
cent of that of virgin metals.
Increasing the recycle
fraction in more materials,
by re-evaluating the idea
of 'waste' , will bring
savings in energy.
20-150
2-10
60D-1POO
2-8
20-25
450-]00
800-1,000
'4
0-160
6-12
5- 6
60-]2
400-600
400-600
Typical embodied
energy (M) per kg)
3
00-350
of microbes and bywater
and weather. Nature
recycles all its materials
but humans recycleonly
certain manmade materials.
Materials of lowmonetary
value tend to have low
volumes of recycling. Thus
relativelyexpensiveferrous
metal and light alloysoften
include a recyclefraction
of between 70 and 80 per
cent, non-ferrous metals
between 10 and 80 per cent
and precious metal alloys
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - lead various alloys 29-5 4
Metal - ferrous alloys - cast iron- grey
(flake graphite) 34-66
Polymer - elastomer - butyl rubber 125-145
Metal -light alloys - aluminium- cast 235-335
Foam - metal - high-density aluminium
Metal - precious metal alloys - gold 5,600 -6,000
Metal - ferrous alloys - carbon steel
Polymer - elastomer - polyurethane 90-100
Polymer - thermoplastic - polyethylene 85- 130
Materialtype
Biosphere andlithospherematerials
Foam - polymer- polyurethane
Polymer - thermoset - epoxy 100-150
Polymer - thermoplastic - ABS 85-120
Polymer - thermoplastic - polypropylene 90-1'5
Natural rubber (unfilled)
Polymer - thermoplastic - nylon 1]0-180
Ceramics - glass
Ceramics - bricks
Composites - titanium-carbide matrix
Wood composites, e.g., particleboards
Ceramics - glassfibre
Composites - aluminafibrereinforced
Technosphere materials
Composites - polymer -thermoplastic-
Nylon 6 (PA)
Wood, bamboo, cork
Composite - polymer - thermoset - epoxy
matrix - Kevlarfibre
Ceramicminerals, e.g., stone, gravel
Table 2 : Embodied energy values for common mater ials
Ceramics- carbon fibre
alloys, foamed ceramics
and unusual composites.
An exhibition called
Recycling, organized by
Craftspace Touring in the
UK in 1996, revealed the
beauty of hand-crafted
products made from
recycled materials.
Materials from the
biosphere are readily
taken back into nature's
cycles bythe process
of biodegradation , or
composting, bythe action
Cotton, hemp, silk, wool
fromthe biosphere or
lithoSphere are often .
processed bysynthesIs or
concentration to create
technosphere matenals.
Materials from the
technosphere
Technosphere materials are
generallynonrenewable.
Synthetic polymers
(plastics, elastome rs and
resins) derived from oil, a
fossil fuel, are technosphere
materials. Embodied-
energyvalues tend to be
much higher than in
biosphere materials. Most
technosphere materials are
not readily returned to
the cyclesof nature and
some, such as plastics,
ceramics (glass, glass/
graphite/carbon fibres)
and composites (ceramic,
metal), are inert to
microbial decomposition
and willnever re-enter the
biosphere. Ina world of
finiteresources we need
to be aware of the need to
recycle technosphere
materials.
Recycling
Threeexhibitions in
the 1990Sencouraged
designers to focus on
the potential of using
recycled materials
fromthe technosphere.
Rematerialize (1994),
collated byJakki Dehn
of Kingston University,
UK, displayeda diverse
selectionof contemp orary
materials made using
recycled content. ' Mutant
Materials', curated by Paola
Antonelli at the Museum
of ModernArt (MoMA)
In NewYork in 1997,
examinedthe application
of recycled thermoplastics
alongside new material
developments such as
specialist polymers, foamed
N.C.F.R. Homasote"
Homasote claim to be the
oldest manufacturer of
building board from 100
per cent-recycled post-
consumer paper in the
USA, with a pedigree
stretching back to '909. All
the products in their range
are free of asbestos and
formaldehyde additives.
For each tonne of recycled
paper there is a net
reduction of 73per cent
Gridcore"
Gridcore" is a lightweight,
chemical-free, honey-
combed solid panel made
from 100 per cent-recycled
fibres such as used
cardboard, newsprint
and jute, kenaf and wood
waste. The panels can
be curved to compou nd
or cust om radii, making
the material suitable for
interior design and
furniture.
0
GtidcoreSystems
3
'
7
International
(GS/), USA
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27.
Taxinfr ee
3
29
0
KaJUs Bia-
3
18
Composites. USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Hexf'orrn"
This compa ny is part of the
Kafus Environmental
Industries group. which
manufactures materials
from alternative crops and
recycled waste streams.
Flexform' is made from
kenaf and hemp fibres
mixed with synthetic
polymers and is particularly
suited to moulded panels
for the automobile and
construction industries.
Findlay-Form"
Jute. sisal and kenaf fibres
are the rawingredients for
Findlay-Form", a natural
fibre-based composite,
which is suitablefor detailed
mouldingespeciallyfor
automobile components .
.,
FindlayIndustries.
3
16
USA
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
/
Phenix
3
2 2
Biocomposites,
USA
.,
Phenix
3
2 2
Biocomposites,
USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
suitable for interior
decoration and furniture.
3
2
7
3
08
Renewable
materials
Prototype
designedby
Nickie Kiebaam.
graduatestudent
20 0 0, Design
Academy
Eindhoven,
Netherlands
o
Environ"
Environ is possiblythe
first example of a mass-
produced biocomposite
using a plant-based resin
to bond recycled materials.
It is manufactured from
recycled paper and soy
flour into sheets and floor
strips to provide a material,
which. it is claimed, is
harder than oakwood and
Elast ic wood
Thin sheets of plywood are
curved laterally to create a
'wave' profile, then bonded
together to form a springy,
flexi ble sheet ing suitable
for a wide range of
applications. Varyingthe
thickness of each layer and
amount of curve changes
the degree of elasticity.
/
BuchnerDesign
3
13
Studio, USA
0
GridcoreSystems
3
'7
International,
USA
(}
Renewable
327.
materials
32
8
Recycled
material s
Lowembodied
energy
DuraCane
Eco Panel
This lightweight board
comprises a layer of
Gridcore, a board made
from a honeycomb of
mixedwaste paper,
sandwiched between layers
of veneer manufactured
from timber harvested
from sustainably managed
forests.
0
AaJdiaBoord
3' 2
Company. USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Bagasse, the plant-fibre
residue from sugar cane, is
formed into a tough board,
DuraCane, suitable for a
varietyof indoor uses from
furniture to built-in units
and flooring.
0
CampakSystems 3
14
Ltd, UK
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Agricultural residues, such
as wheat and rice straw,
cotton stalks and bagasse,
sugar cane waste, are
bonded with formaldehyde-
free resins into sheeting
and panels.
General-purposepanels

r: ...
J.. __.'_ r" - --
emissions to air, 40 to
70 per cent less water
consumpt ion and 70 per
cent less energythan
virgin wood pulp
N.C.F.R. Homosote , a
multipurpose interior or
exteriorboard, is a good
insulator and a barrier to
moisture, noise and fire
(when impregnated with
fireretardants).
.,
Homasote 3
18
Company, USA

Ruycled 32] ,
materials 3
28
Lowembodied
energy
Isobord
Strawis an annual
agricultural residue that
causes environment al
problems when burnt and
can lockup soil fertili ty
upon decomposition. But
it can providesecondary
incomefor farmers when it
is used as the raw material
incomposite board
manufacturing. Isobord
is an alternativeto
conventional particle
boards. It is made under
high pressure and
temperature bycombining
strawfibres with non-toxic
isocyanurate resins to
provide a resilient high-
density board that can be
surface-finished by painting
or laminating. Isobord is
suitable for building,
exhibition and furniture
purposes.
., Isobord
3
18
Enterprises, USA

Renewoble
32] ,
materials
3
29
Non-toxic
manufacturing
Kronospan"
This Swiss company
manufactures a diverse
range of particle boards, T&
G panels, MDF, Kronoply
(an orientated strand board,
OSB), laminate flooring and
post-formed panels and
surfaces for interior use.
Laminated flooring sheets
are FSCcertified, the
formaldehyde-free, panel-
type 'Hollywood' qualifies
for a Blue Angel eco-Iabel
and the compan y is certified
to ISO'4001. Timber is
generally sourced locally.
.,
Kronospan AG.
3
19
Switzerland

Renewable 32] ;
materials 328 ,
Clean 333
production
Certificotionof
variousproducts
to FSCorBlue
Angeleco-label
Kucospan Life
Kucospan Life is a
formaldehyde-freechipboard
formed with coniferwood
thinnings and bound with
up to 5 per cent byweight
Polycarbamide (PMDI) , a
polyurethane resin.
.,
Kucospan,
3
'9
UK

Renewable waste 328 ,

content
3
29
Reductionof
toxicity and
emissions
l.ignasil"
is made from 100
per cent nat ural fibre held
in a patented bio-alloy
structure . It is an extremely
tough material and is the
primary component of
floor tiles.
.,
Matrix
3
20
Composites, Inc"
Canada

Renewable 32]
materials
Mader6n
Ground waste shells from
the almond-growing
industry are mixed with
resins to form a hard,
durable composite suitable
for furniture and panel
manufacturing.
.,
LignocelSA,
3
19
Spain
(}
Renewable 3
2
]
materiol
Recycledcontent
MasoniteCP
This tough, dense board is
made from long-fibre wood
compressed to attain a very
high density of 940kg{sq m
(192Ib{sq ft), which
makes it especially
suitable where structu ral
st rength is required. It is
manufactured to ISO9001
and guaranteed and
approved by the Swedish
National Board of Housing.
.,
Masonite
3
20
Corporation, USA
(}
Renewable
32]
materials
content
Meadowood panels
and sheeting
Compressed panels of
ryegrass st raware suitable
for all interior design,
exhibition and furniture
production.
.,
Meadowood
3
20
Industries, lnc.,
USA
(}
Renewable
32]
material
MediteZF
Medite ZFis the trade
name for an interior-grade,
medium-dens ityfibreboard
(MDF) manufactured using
softwood fibres bonded
with formaldehyde-free
synthetic resin. Free
formaldehyde content of
Medite ZF is less than
1.0mg{100g (one part in
100,000), which is
equivalent to or less than
natural wood, and
formaldehyde emissions
.,
SimplexProducts,
3
2
4
USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
.
,
Strandwood 324
Molding. Inc., USA
This is a str on g
particleboa rd using
bonded, cros s-linked
fibres of wheat stra w. It
is sui tabl e for diverse
const ruct ion an d inte rior
uses , furn iture and
kitchen fixtures .
Wheatboa rd' "
Renewable 327
materials
Wood compos ite
Thin st rands of aspen
pul pwood are rebonded in
moul ds for furn itu re and
aut omobile parts such as
legs, shells and seat backs.
Thermo-ply
These fibreboa rds are
made of 10 0 per cent-
recycled mat erials
includi ng car dboa rd, office
waste, mill was te and
production sc rap.
e
Stramit USA,
324
USA
(}
Renewable and
3
27
recycled
materials
This compos ite fibreboard
panel is made of 100
per cent wheat st raw
sandwiched betwee n a
recycled paper faci ng.
Stramit
.,
AI/Paper
3
12
Recycling, inc.,
USA
(}
Recycled 3
27
materials
.,
SchaumanWood
3
23
Oy, Finland
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Stewardship
sourcing
ShetkaBoard
This range of sheeting
materials made from
recycled was te paper is
suita ble for construc t ion
and inte rior de sign work.
Birch, sp ruce and pine
from managed forests in
Finland are used to
manufact ure a range of
plywoods suitable for
interior, ext erior and
co ncrete formwork and
as lami nboard. Specia l
tongue-and-groove
panel plywood lamin at ed
floorin gs include
Schauman Birchfioor,
Sprucefioor an d Spruce
Dek. The company is
certified to ISO 14001 .
Schauman Wisa
plywoods
.,
Rodman
3
23
Industries, USA
(}
Renewableand
327
recycled
materials
Easiboard and Easiwall
Resincore is a formal -
deh yde-free particleboard
co mposed of sawdust,
phe nolic resin and wax.
Resincore
General-purpose
particleboard
Some 14 ,0 0 0 tonnes of
waste wheat st raw annually
go to ma ke t his half-inch-
thick (r-em) , wheat- based
part icleboard suitab le for
furniture, constru ction and
interior design.
Pacific board"
.,
Pacific Northwest
3
2 1
Fiber, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
.,
Prairie Forest
3
22
Praducts, USA
(}
Renewable 3
2
7
material
Wheat st raw and Kent ucky
bluegrass are t he mai n
fibre cons t ituents of t he
particleboard man ufactu red
bythis com pany.
A range of wall panels is
man ufactured with whea t
straw.
.,
Pierce
3
2 2
International,
lnc., USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
.,
MasoniteCP, UK
3
20
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
e
BioFab LLC, USA
3
13
o
Renewable
3
27
resources
are well below general
ambient outdoo r levels. All
ot her Medit e MDF board s
are ma nufact ured to Class A
EN622 Part 1, complying
with free formal deh yde
co ntent of less tha n
g.o mg/ lOog (nine part s
pe r 100,0 00) . The company
has applied for FSC
cert ificat ion for Medite.
Oil-tempered hardboard
Natura l cellulose fibres are
t he primary const it ue nts of
thi s type of hardboard , in
which the natu ral glues
from the fibres , rat her t han
synt hetic adhesives, bond
t he fibres together .
This is a straw-based
building board suitable for
inte rior uses .
PacificGold Board
.,
Wil/amette
3
26
Europe Ltd, UK
(}
Renewable 327 ,
materials
329
Reductionin
toxicingredients
andemissions
r-- Primeboord, Inc., 3
22
0' USA
C- Renewable
32]
0
material

Bamboo
Bamboo sourced from
Vi etnam is the principal
material for strip and
laminated flooring
manufactured bythe
company, but poles and
bamboo for structural
purposes can also be
supplied.
0'
Bamboo 3
13
Hardwoods, Inc.,
USA

Renewable 32]
material
Certified tirnber
This companysupplies high-
density prepared boards
from sustainablyharvested
palmtrees. The timber is
guaranteed 100 per cent
chemical-free and is suitable
for structural, flooring and
furnitureapplications. A
wide range of North
American and tropical
hardwoods is supplied
from certified sources.
(
EcoTimber
3'5
International,
USA

Renewable 32] ,
materials
329,
Toxin-jree
333
SmartWoodor
FSCcertiJied
Timber from
sustaina blesources
Harwood Products
supp lies timber and
products from sustainably
managed forests certified
bythe FSC. Amember of
CERES.
(
Harwood
3' ]
Products, USA

Renewable 3
2
]
materials
CertiJied
materials
Microllam" and
lntrall arn"
With minimal wastage
from the forest roundwood,
TJM bond layers of aspen
wood with resin to form
high-st rength timber
composites - Microllam?"
comprising thin even layers
and Intrallarn formed
from more irregular layers
and chips.
e
TrusJoist
3
2
5
MacMillan, USA

Reductionof 32] ,
wasteoutput
3
28
Efficient useof
resources
Rubberwood
There are over ].2 million
hectares (17.8 million
acres) of cultivated rubber
trees worldwide, of which
over 5.2 million hectares
(12.8 million acres) are in
Malaysia, Indones ia and
Thailand. Declining latex
yields norma lly occur
twenty-five to thirtyyears
after planting. These
older trees are now being
harvested to provide a
growing supplyof Hevea, or
rubberwood, the dominant
species being Hevea
braziliensis. In '990 the
ASEAN (the Association of
South-east Asian Nations)
produced about 17 million
cubic met res (600 million
cubic ft) of rubberwood.
The timber is suitable for a
wide range of applications
such as flooring, particle
boards, kitchen utensils
and general furniture
woodworking.
e
Numerous
manufacturers in
tropicalcountries

Renewable
32]
resource
THL Iron Woods"
Diniza, Purpleheart,
Greenheart and
Macaranduba are very
tough, exceptionally
dense, tropical hardwoods.
Promoted under the brand
name THLIron Woods",
these sawn and planed
woods are certifed bythe
FSCand the Rain Forest
Alliance's SmartWood"
schemes as originating
from sustainablymanaged
forests . All these iron
woods are extremely
durable and do not require
anychemical treatmen ts to
prolong life.
(
Timber Holdings
3
25
Ltd, USA

Renewable 32]
materials
CertiJiedsources
Timberstrand" LSL
TJM produce a range of
engineered timbers
composed of strands or
sheets of veneer bonded
with adhesives or resins at
high pressu re and heat.
Tirnberstrand'" TSLis a
general-purpose structu ral
timber. TJM products
encourage better resource
usage than sawn timber
since almost all the sawn
log is used in the
composite t imber.
0
TrusJoist
3
2
5
MacMillan, USA

Renewable 3
2
]
material
Efficient useof
resources
Willows
This nurseryspecializes in
the cultivation of willow
species and cultivars suited
to the climate of the UK
and Europe. Over 135
species, subs pecies and
varieties of willoware listed
in the catalogue. Advice is
also given on bulk supplies
of cut osiers and willows.
(
The WillowBank,
3
26
UK

Renewable 32]
materials
32]
Polyvalplc, UK
Potentia!
reduction in
materialsusage
Jorapplicalions
usinglhe
biopolymer
Compostable
-Renewable
materials
Reusable
AvoidanceoJCFC
emissions
Eco-Foarn"
Polystyrene chi ps ,
oft en made by inject ing
chorofluorocarbon
(CFC) gases, can now
be su bst it uted with
biode grad able chips of
foamed starch polyme r,
Eco-Foam" , where stea m is
used as the blowing agent.
This biopo lymer is made of
85 per cent corn starch, so
it is biodegradable, wate r-
soluble and reusable. It is
also free of stat ic, which
makes the packag ing
proces s easier.
EnPol
Enpol is a fully
biodegradab le plas tic,
which is similar to
polyethylene (polythene)
but uses two and a half
times less material to
achi eve the sa me strength
properties.
Nationa!StarchII(
ChemicalCo., USA
Eco-Flow
Eco-Flow is an extr uded
packaging material
prima rily composed of
wheat sta rch.
depart
Derived from po lyvinyl
alco hol, dep art" is a wate r-
so luble and biodegradable
plast ic.
Biopol ymers
Eastman manufactures a
range of biodegradable
polymer s from cellulose
acetate.
.,
Environmental 3, 6
PolymersGroup
pic, UK

Compostable 32]
e
Eastman
3
15
Chemical
Company, USA

Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
.,
American
3' 2
Excelsior
Company, USA

Renewable 32]
material
Composlable
Bioplasr " and Biopur"
Capa"
Capa" is a t hermo plast ic
ma de of polycap rolactones,
which are biod egrad able.
Biopolymers
Biopolymers and indust rial
sta rches are extracted
and processed from the
corn (ma ize) plant.
Biot ec specializes in
biod egradable plastics using
vegeta ble sta rch as t he raw
ingredient. Trade product s
incl ude Biop last"' and
Biopur" . They have sim ilar
properties to polystyrene,
so they are suitable for
making disposable cup s for
vending machines and
catering companies.
.,
Biotec, Germany
3
1
3

Renewable 3
2
]
materials
Compostoble
.,
Cereslar USA,
3'4
USA

Renewable 32]
material
Compostabte
.,
SolvayPlastiques,
324
Belgium

Renewable 32]
material
Compostable
BioFoam
BioFoam is a loose-fill
packaging made of pure
starc h and is biodegradable.
.,
Johnson
3
18
Corrugoled
Products, USA

Renewable 3
2
]
materials
Biocorp: biopolymer
Corn starch is the
main ingredient of the
compostable biopolymer s
made by Biocorp.
Products include plast ic
bags and cutlery.
.,
Biocorp, USA
3
1
3

Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
EnviroFill
EnviroFili is an extruded,
biodegradable, starch-
based, loose-fill
packaging material.
0
NOTeI/Unisource, 3
21
USA

Renewable 3
27
material
Compostable
Flo-Pak Bio8
Corn, wheat or potato
starch is the raw material
for Flo-Pak Bio 8 loose-fill
packaging.
0
Free-Flow
3
16
Packaging
International,
Inc., USA

Renewable
3
27
materials
Compostable
Mater-Bi
Mater-Bi is a biodegradable
plasticfilmmanufactured
by Novamont in Italy and
Unde r licence by EnPac in a
JOint venture between
DuPont and ConAgra in the
USA. It is derived from
corn starch and is suitable
for a wide range of
applications from
packaging to refuse
disposal bags.
.,
Novamont SpA, 3' 6,
Italy/fnPac, USA
3
21
(}
Renewable
material
3
27
Compostable
MAZIN
This compostable
biopolymer is derived from
polymers extracted from
corn (maize). It is
produced in extruded
sheets for phone and ID
cards and similar printed
products.
.,
CornCard
3
1
4
International,
Inc., USA
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Compostable
Natural rubber (NR)
The historyof rubber
cultivation can be traced
back to earlycivil izations in
Central and South America
but it wasn't until the
nineteenth century that a
native species, Hevea
braziliensis, was
commerciallyexploited and
became a major export for
Brazil. The process of
vulcanization, discovered
byCharles Goodyear in
1839, rapidly expanded the
applications for natural
latex in the Industrial
Revolution, Today over 70
per cent of rubber
product ion, 5.2 million
hectares of a world total of
7.2 millionhectares (12.8
million acres and 17.8
millionacres respectively),
centres around Malaysia,
Indonesia and Thailand.
Trees have a product ive
lifetime of up to thirty
years, after which latex
production declines.
Plantations also act as a
sink for absorbing carbon
dioxide. Natural rubber is
used pure or mixed with
synthet ic rubbers and
fillersto manufacture a
huge range of products
from tyres and tubes ,
industrial components
and medical goods to
footwear and clothing.
Special grades of NR
produced by Malaysia
include SUMAR (Non-
Smelly Rubber),
ENR(Epoxidized NR) ,
DPNR(Deproteinized NR) ,
and PAj SP (Superior
Processing Rubber).
.,
Manyintropical
countries
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
material
Versatile natural
polymer
Novorr"
This is a thermop lastic
starch, containing up to 90
per cent starch derived
from plants. Additives
control the rate of
decompos ition, which
varies from fiveto forty-five
days depending on
ambient moisture and
temperature conditions
and microbial activity.
e
Novon
3
21
International,
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
Compostable
PHA
PHAsare biodegradable
plastics derived from
plants or bacteria that are
water-soluble and easily
recycled. PHAs are suitable
for medical and food-
packaging uses.
.,
Metabolix, Inc.,
32
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Compostable
andrecyclable
PLA, EcoPLA
Plastics manufacturers
all over the world are
examining the commercial
viability of making plastics
using renewable resources .
In 2000 Cargill Dow
Polymers announced
that their ' NatureWorks
Technology' had created
a newbioplastic called
polyactide (PLA) , derived
from the maize plant. A
newfactoryis scheduled
to open in Blair, Nebraska,
to supplyinitially up to
' 5,0 0 0 tonnes per
annum. Some of the
world's largest
manufacturers of plastic
food packaging, such as
TetraPak, Autobarr, Bimo
Wool bloc
Sheep' s wool is combined
with an acrylicsolution and
natural boron salts to make
lowthermal-conductivity
(0.038W/mk) insulation
batts, of 50mm, 75mmand
suppressant, helping to
clean the land, and it
is a prolifi c producer of
biomass and fibre, growing
up to 4 metres (13ft)
high in 100 days. Hemp
cultivars with minimal
active'drug' chemicals
have been grown in
Germany since 1996
specificallyfor the
production of this new
insulation material. Fibres
are extracted from the
harvested plants and
reworked into panels using
15per cent polyester for
support and 3-5per cent
soda for fireproofing. It is
suitable for insulating
between stud walls and
roofing timbers. Thermo-
Hanf"> (Thermo Hemp)
conforms to all DIN-Norm
standards and has a
therma l conductivityof
0.039W/mk for DIN
52612. It also has in-built
resistance to insect attack
from the plant' s own
natural defences.
.,
HockDistribution/
3
18
Swabian ROWA,
Germany
(}
Renewable 32]
material
Clean praduction
Hemp is an ideal crop for
all aspiring organic
farmers. It does not require
the application of any
herbicides or insecticides,
it is a good weed
insulation battens and
quilts. In the HeraflaxWP
battens and HeraflaxWF
quilt the fibres are
integrated with polyester
fibres to form sta ndard
60mm- or Somm-thick
(1/4- or '/3- inch) products.
Both materials are good
insulators with a thermal
conductivity of 0.42W/sq m.
Hypodown
Fibres from the milkweed
plant provide the raw
materials for this
company's range of
hypoallergenic down
products, Hypodown,
suitable for use in bedding
and upholstery.
.,
NaturalFibers
3
20
Corporation, USA

Renewable 32] ,
materials
3
29
Non-allergenic
Thermo-Hanf"
.,
Deutsche
3
'5
,
Heraklith GmbH,
3
21
Germany, and
Osterreichische
Heraklith Gmbh,
Austria
(}
Renewable 32] ,
materials
3
29
Energy-saving
product
e
LCDA(La
3
1
9
Chonvriere de
rAube), France
(}
Renewable
32]
moten"als
Greenwood 31]
CottonInsulation
Products, tnc., USA
Heraflax
Recycledcontent 32]
Recycledtextil e waste is
reprocessed into insulation
materials.
Longand short flax plant
fibres are separated; the
former are used for weaving
linen and the latter are
manufactured into
Insulat ion
Chanvrisol,
Chanvrilaine, Mehabit
Loose-fill and blanket
insulation is made by
combining cellulose (wood)
fibres with hemp fibre.
Chanvrisol is loose-fill
insulation, Chanvrilaine a
blanket insulation and
Mehabit a flooring underlay.
Biopol ymers and resins
This company specializes in
the manufacture of starch-
based biopolymers and
resins suitable for injection
moulding. Clean Green is
loose-fill packaging that is
water-soluble.
and Treopaphan, are
interested in producing PLA
products in the future.
.,
PlantPolymer
3
2 2
Technologies, Inc.,
USA
(}
Degradable 32]
materials
Polymeric resi ns
This company specializes
in developing engineered
polymers for the medical,
personal care and agro-
technology markets.
Their polymeric resins
are degradable.
.,
StarchTech.lnc.,
3
2
4
USA
(}
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
.,
Cargill Dow
3
14
Polymers, USA
(}
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
100mmthickness (0.2, 03
and 0.4 inch), with square-
cut ends. Manufacturing
typically consumes less
than one-fifth of the energy
required to make glass-
fibreinsulation, so the
embodied energyof
woolbloc is less than
15
0
MJ/square metre. .
Woolblocis hydroscoplc,
so it can absorb excess
moisture vapour but,
beingalso breathable, it
permits evaporation of
this moisture. Tests have
also proven that it absorbs
formaldehyde released
fromother building
materials, is a good
acousticbarrier and is
fire-resistant.
0
Klober, UK
3
19

Energy 327,
conservation
3
2
9
Clean
production
Renewable,
recyclableand
biodegradable
primarymaterial
Papers , panels,
compos ites
Kenafplant fibre is grown
and processed byArizona
Fibers Marketing ready for
a variety of commercial
uses for the paper and
construction industries.
0
Arizona Fibers
3
12
Marketing,USA

Renewable
3
27
materials
Packaging
Agricultural fibres and
residues are formed into a
diverse range of food
packaging and disposable
cutlery.
0
Enbiomass
3
16
Group, Inc., USA

Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Compostable
NativaRubber
Latex is harvested from
wild trees in the Amazon
rather than commercial
plantations . This helps
support local cultures and
economies and encourages
rainforest conservat ion.
0
Deep ECompany,
3
1
5
USA

Renewable 327,
material
33
0
Ethical
production
Encourages
nature
conservation
Sundeala and Celotex
Sealcoat
Sundeala is a soft board
manufactured from
unbleached recycled
newsprint available in a
range of natural colours.
Celotex Sealcoat Medium
Board is also made from
recycled newsprint and is
coloured with natural
mineral pigments. Both
boards are suitable for
interior applications ,
pinboards , noticeboards,
exhibition displays and
furniture.
0
Celotex Ltd, UK
3
1
4

Recycled
3
27
materials
Clean
production
Sustana" leathe r
Claimed to be the most
exclusive'eco-Ieather' in
the world, Sustana'"
originates from cattle
managed on susta inable
and humane principles,
without the use of growth
hormones, steroids or
antibiotics, on the Coleman
ranch in Colorado. Tanning
is undertaken by Cudahy
Tanning in Wisconsin
using low-toxicity trivalent
chromium and chorine-
free water-based dyes and
finishes. Protein wastes
are recycled and water
effluents treated by
biological purifying
systems. Sustana'" is
the primaryleather source
for shoes made by the
Deep ECompany.
0
DeepECompany,
3
'
5
USA

Renewable 327,
materials
33
0
Clean
production
Ethical
production

<b
3
I'll
a.

I'll
--
Vl
o
;::l>
Auro paints, oils, waxes
and finishes
Auro manufactures an
extensive range of 'organic'
paints, oils, waxes, stains
and other finishes without
the use offungici des,
biocides or petrochemicals
including white spirit (an
isoaliphate). Oils originate
from renewable natural
sources such as ethereal
oils, balm oil of turpentine
or oil from citrus
peel, so waste from the
manufacturing process
is easilyrecycledand the
potential health hazard
of the finished products
is less than in petrol
or isoaliphatic-based
manufactur ing systems.
Emulsion paints for interior
use include white chalk
and chalk casein paints,
which can be tinted using
pigments from a range of
330colours. Exterior-grade
gloss paints and stain
finishes are suitable for
applyingto wood, metal,
plaster and masonry.
0
Auro
3
12
Pjlanzenchemie
AGfAuro GmbH,
Germany
(}
Non-toxic
327
ingredients
Cleanproduction
BioShieldpaints,
stains, thinners, waxes
BioShield Paint Company
manufactures a diverse
range of paints, stains,
thinners and waxes from
natural ingredients such as
oils from linseed, orange
peel and soybean.
0
BiaShieldPaint
3
13
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Adhesives, paints,
varnishes, oils
Natural organic
constituents and abunda nt
minerals are the basis
for the entire range
of Holzwegproducts
for timbers and masonry
surfaces including
adhesives, primers, paints,
varnishes and oils.
0
Halzweg.
3
18
Germany
(}
Renewable
327
materials
Non-toxic
Livas
In '975 Livos developed
techniques for dispersing
ingredients in natural
resins. The company has
continued to develop its
range of natural-based
primers (with linseed
oil), hardening floor
agents (pine tree resins).
transparent glazes
(phytochemical oils such
as citrus), wood polishes
(beeswax), wall glazes
(beeswaxand madder root)
and varnishes pigmented
with natural soil pigments.
Livos URA Pigment Paint
comprises organically
sourced beeswax, linseed/
stand oil, orange-peel oil
and dammar mixed with
water, methylcellulose,
isoaliphate, ethanol , iron
oxide, mineral pigments,
borax and boric acid. The
amount of pigment can be
adjusted to givethe desired
st rength of colour.
0
Livas
3
'
9
Pflanzenchemie,
Germany
(}
Highcontent of 327,
natural,
339,
renewable
34
1
materials
LowornilVOC
content
EUeco-labelfor
someproducts
The Natural Choice
All paints and finishes
in The Natural Choice
collection utilize
natural oils and solvents,
originating from citrus peel
or seeds, resins from trees,
waxes from trees and bees,
inert mineral fillers and
earth pigments. Oils are
extracted bycold pressing
or with lowheat and all
products are packaged
in biodegradable or
recyclablecontainers with
an emphasis on keeping
packaging to a minimum.
0
The Naturol
32
Choice, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Minimal
pollution
monufacturing
Minimal
packaging
Nut shell"
Nutshell produces a
full range of adhesives,
paints, herb and resin oils,
varnishes and stains with
natural pigments.
0
NutshellNatural
321
Paints, UK
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Non-toxic
Clean
production
Milk-based paints
Traditional milk-based
paints, suitable for interior
design/r est oration and
furniture production, are
made bythis compa ny.
These paints follow
authentic recipes and are
free of synthetics.
0
Old Fashioned
3
21
Milk Paint
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
OS Color
Waxes from canauba and
candelilla plants and oils
Paints/Varnishes. Miscellaneous
frorn sunflower, soybean,
linseed and thistle arethe
rawingredients of a wide
rangeof natural starn s
and protective finishes for
exteriorand interior wood
surfaces. For example,
OSColorWood Stain and
Preservative is a natural
oil-based, microporous,
water-repellent treat ment
for timber exposed to the
weather. The natural oils,
water-repellent additives
and lead-free siccatives
(drying agents) form the
binder, whichcomprises
almost 85 per cent of the
solidscontent. This binder
is mixedwiththe active
(bacteria and fungi)
protective ingredients,
alipathiclow-odour
solvents (benzole-free,
diaromatized, medical-
gradewhite spirit) and
pigments (iron oxide,
titaniumdioxide). Floor
treatment, such as the
OSColor Hardwax-Oil , is
an oil-based application,
which gives a durable,
washable, surface. It
doesn't contain biocides
or preservatives.
Manufacturing plants
are covered by ISO9 001
and ISO14000 .
0
Ostermann a(
3
21
Scheiwe, Germany

Lowinsolvents
327,
andfree VOCs,
34
1
biocide,
preservativesand
citrusoils
'Natural,
renewableraw
materials
Bio T
Bio TO> is a general-
purpose cleaner derived
from terpene, which is
suitable for use in the
manufacturing indust ries
and public-sector
maintenance.
0
BioChem
3
13
Systems, USA
(}
Derivedfrom
327
renewable
materials
Biof'orrn"
This biodegradable release
agent is made from canola
oil and is suitable for
use with concrete, plastic,
PVC, silicone rubber,
steel, styrofoam and
wood.
0
LeahyWolf
3
1
9
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
Natural colo urant s
and dyes
This company bulk-
manufactures dyes from
nat ural sources to supply
other indust ries with
alternatives to synthetic
colourants.
0
ColorTrends, lnc.,
3
14
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
GlueMat e'M
Dryand green timber can
be finger-jointed using
the PRF/Soy 2000
adhesive system, which
uses Gluefvl ate'" , a
protein-based gel derived
from soybeans.
0
Hopton
3
18
Technologies, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
material
Adhesives, paint s
Potmolen make a
t raditional range of
cabinetmakers' glues and
adhesives derived from
casein, together with gloss
paints based on linseed oil
and other natural
ingredients.
0
Potmolen Paints,
3
22
UK
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Toxinfree
Rilsan
Ril san resins are derived
from castor beans and are
often used in the powder
coating of metals.
0
ElfAtochem, USA
3
16
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Soy Clean
SoyClean is a range of
biodegradable, non-toxic
cleaners and paint .
removers derived from
soybeans.
.,
SoyEnvironmental
324
Products, lnc., USA
(}
Renewable
327
materials
Toxin-free
Bean-e-c1 ean
Franmar Chemical
manufacture a
multipurpose, indust rial-
strength cleaner, Bean-e-
doo' ", and a waterless
hand cleaner, Bean-e-
clean' ", both derived from
soybeans.
0
FranmarChemical,
3
16
inc., USA
(}
Renewable
327,
materials
34'
Reductionintoxic
chemicalsand
VOCs
Papers
Continuum
Old denim jeans, worn-out
money notes and industrial
cotton waste are recycledin
a diverse range of papers.
Zenus Crane's mill has
been recyclingwaste
textiles and paper since
1801 . The tradit ion
continues with the
Continuum brand of tree-
free papers using 50 per
cent cotton fibre and 50 per
cent hemp fibre.
4)
Crane a{
3
1
4
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7.
resources
33
0
Conservationof
forestresources
Conservation, Retreeve
The Conservation range
includes 100 per cent-
recycled wove and laid
papers suitable for ink-jet
and laser printing,
corporate stationery and
general-purpose office use.
It consists of 25per cent
millwaste, 50 per cent
pre-consumer and 25per
cent post-consumer waste
and meets all the
requirements of NAPM and
Eugropa recycled marks.
Retreeveis a range of
qualitytext and cover
papers, which (excluding
Brilliant White) is 100 per
cent recycled. The company
has an environmental
policyand is certifiedto
ISO 14001 and EMAS.
4)
Curtis Fine Papers
3
'4
Ltd,UK
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27.
NAPMcertified
334
Tree-free paper
Arange of papers is made
from natural plant fibres,
such as cotton and hemp,
and post-consumer paper
waste.
4)
Green FieldPaper
3' 7
Company, USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7.
recycled
33
0
materials
Encourages
forest resource
conservation
Mult iboard Kraft,
Offset, Ecofrost
Composite sheeting and
boards are made from a
diverse range of recycled
materials, of which 55per
cent originates from used
PE-coated milkcartons,
newsprint and corrugated
paper, the remaining 45 per
cent from the industrial or
production waste st reams.
This companyis registered
to ISO gOOl , ISO14001
and EMAS.
4)
FiskebyBoardLtd,
3
16
UK
(}
Recycled 32 7,
materials
34
0
EMSpolicy
Indexpaper, board
for folders
Hurum takes back used
laminated drinks cartons
made of paper, plastic and
aluminium. The cartons are
shredded and separated
into the component
waste streams, then the
recovered paper is used to
make recycled paper for
index-card systems and
board for folders. The
aluminium fraction is sent
to another manufacturer
for reprocessi ng. The
company is certified to
ISOg OO1 , ISO14001
and EMAS.
4)
HurumFabrikker
3
18
AS. Noway
(}
Recycledcontent 3
27
.
Recycling of
3
28
recoveredmetal
Offi ce and sanitary
paper
Over four hundred tree-free
papers, made from plant
fibres and recycled waste
paper, are availablefrom
this manufactu rer.
4)
NewLeafPaper, 3
21
USA
(}
Renewable and 3
27.
recycled 33
0
materials
Conservation of
forestresources
' c ont ext' and othe r
Paperbackpapers
Thereare tens of paper
manufacturers and
distributors in the UK who
offerrecycled papers in
their range but Paperback
offersthe most extensive
rangeof gloss and matt
coated papers, uncoated
offsets, letterheads
and speciality grades
manufacturedfrom
recycled waste paper.
This process consumes
less than halfthe energy
required to make paper
fromvirgin wood pulp. The
companywas set up in
1983 when use of recycled
paperwas a fringe activity
in both the consumer and
commercial markets. It is
committed to encouraging
use of recycledpaper to
decreasethe disposal of six
million tonnes of waste
paper annually in the
UK. Boardsrange in
weight from 225gsm up to
3
00gs
m with a varietyof
finishesfrom smooth white
watermarked up to natural-
colouredmicro-fluting.
All 'context' papers and
boards contain 75 per cent-
de-inked used waste to a
~ P approved grade and
Context FSC' is made from
75per cent-de-inked fibre
and 25per cent-FSC-
endorsed pulp.
0
Paperback. UK
3
2 2
~
Recycled 327,
materials 328 ,
Reductionin 333,
embodiedenergy
334
NAPMapproved
Stewardship
sourcing, FSC
Savat ree
This compa ny produces
a vast range ofk raft,
packaging grade and
printing papers. The
Savatree range uses 100
per cent-waste paper to
create recycled papers such
as MGGreent reesaver
Kraft, MGGreen Envelope
and MGTreesaver
Plus Kraft used in the
manufacture of envelopes.
0
SmithAnderson a(
324
Co. Ltd, UK
~
Recycledcontent
3
27
Vanguard Ecoblend'
This tree-free, bond-quality
paper is manufactured
from 25per cent
agricultural crops and
75per cent post -consumer
waste paper.
0
LivingTree Paper
3
19
Company, USA
~
Renewableand 327,
recycled
33
0
materials
Conservationof
forestresources
Vi sion" and Re-
vision" printing paper
Kenaffibre is the principal
rawmaterial for the
manufacture of a range
of 100 per cent tree-free
and chlorine-free
printing papers.
0
VisionPaper, KP
3
19
Products, USA
~
Renewable
327
materials
Conservationof
forestresources
Papers. Inks
Printing inks
Alden & Ott manufacture a
range of heat-set soy-based
inks with about 20-25per
cent soy content and
colour pigments avoiding
the use of heavymetals.
0
Aldena(Ott, USA
3
12
~
Renewable
327
material
Cleaner
production
EcoPure
EcoPureis a range of inks
derived from soybeans.
The company also
produces a diverse range
of water-based flexographic
inks and specialist inks
for printing on metal.
0
Inx International
3
18
Ink Co., USA
~
Renewable
3
27
materials
Print ing inks
Anextensive range of
vegetable-based inks is
available for offset and
lithographic printing.
0
Flint Ink, USA
3
16
~
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Soybean inks
Manufacturer of a diverse
range of inks derived
from soybeans.
0
Ron Ink. USA
3
23
~
Renewable
3
27
materials
FoxFibre
Renewable 3
2
7
materials
Clean
production
NaturalCotton 3
20
Colours, Inc., USA
Renewob/e
resources
Encouraging
animal
conservation
Dalton Lucerne
RareFibres Ltd,
UK
Various
manufacturers
4)
is ma de from
organic sou rces of natural-
coloure d cott on that
don't require dyeing and
so significant ly reduce
wate r usage and effluent
production du ring
processing.
Wool from rare breeds
of animal s is sp un and
woven into a range of high-
performance yarns and
fabrics.
.,
Lyons, DesignTex, and
Lothar Pfister and Fab iola
Fornas ier, Rohn er Textil.
After sc reening over
8,300 chemicals used
in conventi on al textile
manufacturing, the de sign
con sultancy concluded that
onlythirty-eight were really
safe, being comple tely no n-
toxic and non -hazardous.
Two natura l fibres were
selected, wool for it s
wa rmth and wate r-
absor pt ion properties,
and ramie, a flax-like fibre
produced in Indone sia,
for its coolnes s and water-
repellent prop erties.
Ciba Geigy assisted with
the develop ment of
natur al dyes and t he
meth ods of processing
and manufacture of the
textile at Rohner Textil' s
mi lls. Apparently, the
effluent wate r from the
factory was cleaner after
t reat me nt than the original
imported wat er source.
4)
RohnerTextil,
3'5 ,
Switzerland,Jor
3
2
3
DesignTex, USA

Durable, 327,
recyclableand
3
28
compostoble
materials
Non-toxicand
non-hazardous
manufacturing
Reductionin
water
consumption
during
manufacturing
e
Hemp Textiles
3'7
International,
USA

Renewable
3
2
7
materiais
Furrows, Carnegie and
Wintexfabricfrom
Clirnatex" l.ifecycle"
yarn
Desi gnTex com mi ss ioned
McDonough Braun gart
Desi gn Chemist ry to create
a new biodegradable fabric
for t heir office furn iture
systems. The new fabric,
Clirnatex" Lifecycle' ", was
designed by William
McDonough and Professor
Dr Michael Braungart,
McDonough Braungart
Design Chemi st ry,
USA/ Germany, wit h Susan
mould, mildew and UV
light, and it s use in China is
documented through ten
thousand years. Tens of
different pure hemp or
hemp/natural-fibr e fabrics
are designed by Hemp
Textiles Internat ional using
the Cant iva brand
hem p fibre. Fab rics ran ge
from heavy-duty pure
hemp canvas weighing
620 g/s quare metre (18.3
oz/sq yd) to lightweight
hemp/ silk or hem p/ cotton
mixtures weighing between
92 and 1939/square met re
(2.7 and 5.7 oz/ sq yd). Bulk
or who lesa le orders are
produced in co nt ractual
arrang ements with a
Chine se mill.
Designer Jasper Mor rison
has built on a lon g Scott ish
t rad ition of weaving woollen
text iles by creating a new
range offurnishi ng fabrics
for Bute Fabr ics in vibrant ,
cont emporary co lours, yet
t he durability and warm
surface textures associated
wit h t raditional crafted
products are ret ained . Bute
Fabri cs so urce mu ch of their
raw mat erials locally and
adopt clean produ ct ion,
mini mizing the use of
harmful su bsta nces duri ng
processing, as an integral
part of their environ me ntal
po licy. These fabrics are
suitable for restorat ion
project s and for new
furn iture.
Cant iva'
Hem p is a very strong
nat ural fibre, nat urally
resi st ant to salt wate r,
.,
Bute Fabrics, UK
3'3

Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Clean
production
Argyll CF727
Textiles
i
"

il

il
,
,
,
l

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ii
1I

ji
I
'Jl
<
' 0

i*
:fa
:n
ij

:r
1
;:
unbleached textiles
D eingand bleaching both
y .' t
generate emiSSions 0 .
water and air during text ile
manufacturing, so [unichi
Arai borrowedfrom the
traditions of jacquard
woven fabrics to create
a striking series of
heavil ytextured, undyed,
unbleachedtextiles. ' Basket
Weave pockets' uses fine
cotton yarnand knitted
tapes to create a dens ely
woven fabric, while 'Korean
Carrot' is an undyed wool
weave with a felt-like finish.
junichiArai, cia 321
NunoCorp., japan
Renewable 3
27
materials
Clean
production
Recycled yarn textiles-
wool, cotto n
Mollsjo produces a range
offabrics byweaving
recycled yarns of wool and
cotton from reclaimed
denimjeans. Each fabric
run is unique and depends
on the mixture of yarns and
warp and weft settings.
0
One-ojfs, small
308
batchproduction
bydesigner-maker
Carina Mollsjii,
Sweden
Recycledcontent
3
2
7
'---
Green Cotton"
Well before 'organic'
became the adjective of
the late 1990s, compa nies
such as Novotexwere re-
examining the sustaina ble
features of their business:
Sources of rawmaterials
were analyzed and it was
discovered that hand-picked
cotton from pesticide-free
South American sources
required less cleaning
than intensivelygrown
'commercial' cotton. Long-
fibre cottons were selected
to provide a yarn that could
be woven to facilitate dyeing
with water-based dyes and
reduce chemical additives
throughout the product ion
process . As a result
Green Cotton is free of
chlorine, benzidine and
formaldehyde. Waste water
generated in processing is
chemically and biologically
cleaned in situ. Supply
chain management, cleaner
production and dust and
noise control have
also created a healthier
environment for employees
at Novotex.
0
Novotex,
3
21
Denmark

Clean
3
2
7
productionof
'organic'
naturalji bre
textiles
TENCEL
TENCEL" is a modern textile
that uses natural raw
materials in the form of
' lyocell' cellulose fibre
derived fromwood pulp
harvested from managed
forests. This lyocell fibre
is processed through
the unique TENCEL"
'closed loop' solvent
spinning process, which is
economical in its use of
water and energyand uses a
non-toxic solvent that is
continuously recycled. The
resultant TENCEL" fibre is
soft, breathable, absorbent
and fully biodegradable.
Luxurious surface finishes
are achieved by abrading the
wet fibres, a technique called
fibrillation. Awide varietyof
fibrill ated or non-fibrillated
(TENCEL AlOO) finishes
is achievable. TENCEL"
filament is suitable for
knitted and woven fabrics, is
softer in feel yet stronger
than cotton and provides a
good surface for printing
and dyeing. Many of the
world's leading fashion
designers have taken
advantage of the versatility
offa brics woven with
TENCEL" yarn.
0
AcordisFibres
3
12
(Holdings) Ltd,
UK

Renewable, 327,
compostable
3
28
materials
Clean production
Energy-efficient
production
Texti les
Terrazo Felt 'Colour
Chips '
This non-woven, needle-
punched, blanket-type fabric
fuses dye-chips into a 100
per cent-natural-coloured
alpaca-wool felt over a core
of polyester organdyto
produce unique pieces of
material.
0
Nuno
32
1
Corporation,
japan

Renewableand
3
27
recyclable
materials
Terrazo Felt ' Nuno'
Industrial-waste snippets
of various Nuno fabrics
and 'outtakes' in rawwool
are combined in a needle-
punched technique
to create an interesting
textured terazzo effect. The
constituents are 8Sper cent
alpaca wool with 1Sper cent
Nuno production waste.
0
Nuno
3
21
Corporation,
j apan

Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
Used drinks cartons are
mixed with industrial
scrap from the carton-
manufacturing plants
under the Ouales System
Deutschland scheme
to provide the ingredients
for this tough, water-
resistant board. The raw
material is shredded, then
compressed under heat
and pressure, causing the
polyethylene fraction to
melt and bond the
particles. It is suitable for
building and furniture
manufacturing.
Unicor
Unicor panel comprises
go per cent-recycled
wood fibres and particles
sandwiched between
surface layers of
polyethylene. It is used
in coach building in
the recreational vehicle
indust ry.
0
Tetrapak,
3
2
5
UK
(}
Recycfed
3
27
materials
Tectan
0
Unicor 3
25
Corporation, USA
(}
Recycfedcontent 3
27
Stokbord" and
Centriboard
Stokbord' is a smoot h or
embossed low-density
polyethylene (LOPE) sheet
available in standard sheets
in a thickness of 6, g,
12 and '4mm (between
about '/5 and 1/2in). It is
constit uted from 40-50
per cent post-consumer
waste and 50-60 per cent
industrial/ commercial
waste. Centriboard is
available in three grades:
L- a smooth LOPE sheet,
r.ymrn to 18mm thick
(about 1/ 20 to 7/lOin); H-
smooth HOPEsheet, zrnm
to 6mm thick (about 1/12
to 1/4in); and P- smooth
polypropylene sheet , zrnrn
to 6mm thick.
0
MAP(Merchants 320,
of Australia
3
26
Products)
Pty/Wharington
International Pty,
Australia
(}
Recycfedcontent
3
2
7
0
Centriforce, UK
3
1
4
(}
Recycfed 327,
materials
330,
Reduction in
340
embodiedenergy
(comparedwith
virgin plostics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Recycfed Plastics, 323
lnc., USA
EnviroSaf e 316
Products, Inc., USA
Recycfedcontent 327
Recycfed 327
materials
o
e
Duraplast
Recycl ed mixed
polyethylene (HOPEand
LOPE) is bound with resin
to form general-purpose
boards and sheets.
Eco Panel
Plast ic recyclate
MAP manufactures a
range of mixed ABS/poly-
carbonate recyclates, which
are suitable for injection-
or blow-moulding of
furniture components.
RPl's Eco Panel is made
from HOPErecycled
plastics and is available in
ten sample mixes and
patterns ranging from
neut ral greys to mixed
primarycolours.
AERT s products are
manufactured from a
mixture of recycled
polyethylene (HOPEand
LOPE) plastics and waste
wood fibre. UfeCycie
and ChoiceOekare
plank sections suitable
for decking while
MoistureShield is suitable
for door, windowand
furniture constr uction.
AERT Li feCycle,
ChoiceDekand
MoistureShield
The sourcing of this fibre
board, made from go per
cent waste fibre from
paper, wood and plastics
with10 per cent adhes ives,
makes its manufacture a
viable proposition and
reduces waste disposal
while minimizing
embodied energy of
manufacturing.
ACATfibre board
0
Advanced
3
12
Environmental
Recycfing
Technologies
(AER1J, USA
(}
Recycfed
3
27
materials
0
AlaskaCenterfor
3
04
Appropriate
Technology, USA
(}
Recycfed 327,
materialslocally
34
0
sourced
Reductionin
embodiedenergy
.....",. '"
. " '
Holloplas
To date Centriforce
has supplied more than
' 50 ,0 0 0 tonnes of recycled
finished products to
construction, industrial,
agricultural and
recreational markets in
over thirty countries. It
offers an extensive range
of hollowextruded profiles
@
0
Henne Kunststoffe
3
18
GmbH, Germany

Recycledcontent
32]
Plastic planks,
profi les, stakes
Plastic lumber in the form
of planks, profiles and
stakes is manufactured
from recycled plast ics for
indoor and outdoor use.
Plastic profil es
Avarietyof round and
square profiles and stakes
are made from recycled
plastics.
0
Hahn Kunststoffe 31]
GmbH, Germany

Recycledcontent
32]
0
Environmental
3
16
PolymerProducts
Ltd, UK

Recycled content
32]
Govaplast"
Arange of square, round,
rectangular and tongue-
and-groove profiles is
produced using recycled
polyethylene and
polypropylene plastics. A
range of colours includes
charcoal grey, grey-green
and mid-brown. The T& G
is used in everythingfrom
fabrication of equest rian
buildings to outdoor
planters.
0
GOl/aerts 31]
Recycling NV,
Belgium

Recycledand
32]
recyclable
content
Epoch
Commingled, recycled
HOPEplastics are extruded
to form rectangular, squa re
or plank sections suitable
for a multiplicityof uses in
street and garden furniture.
Plastic board
Durawood
Ourawood is a high-density
material available in a
range of rectangular
profiles, which is made
ent irelyfrom recycled
plastics. It is especially
suited to the manufacture
of street and outdoor
furniture.
0
Save Wood
323
Products Ltd,UK

Recycledcontent 32]
Recycl ed plast ic
Stakes and posts are made
from post-consumer and
production waste.
Recycled HOPEis used to
manufacture new plastic
boards suitable for a wide
variety of applications.
0
Yemm", Hart,
32
6
USA

Recycledcontent 32]
0
CabkaPlast
3
13
KunststoJJVerar-
beitungsGmbH,
Germany

Recycled 32]
materials
e
NorthWood 3
2 1
Pfastics,Inc., USA

Renewableand 32 ]
recycl ed
materials
0
Yemm", Hart,
3
26
USA

Recycledcontent
32]
Frostex
Commingled, recycled
plastics are extruded into
sheets suitable for a
widerange of uses from
packaging to surface
laminatesand for general
product-design
applications.
Wood-Com
Wood-Com is a mixtureof
recycled plastic and waste
wood particles and dust.
It is easily moulded into
panels suitable for interior
designand automotive
fittings .
us ing a blend of recycled
plastic from was te
from retail dist ribution
(40-50 per cent) and
industr ial/commercial
waste including film,
pipe and packaging (50-
60 per cent) . Standard
sections are suitable for
decking, T & G flooring ,
fencing, railings and
street furn iture .
.,
Centri f o"e, UK
3
'
4

Recycled 32] ,
materials
33
0
,
Reductionin
34
0
embodiedenergy
(comparedwith
virgin plastics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Plasticprofiles
A range of profiles is
ma nufactured from
recycled plastics.
.,
JosefMeeth
3
18
Fensterfabrik
GmbHCJ( Ca. KG,
Germany

Recycledcontent
32]
Plasticsheeting,
tubingand profiles
This company makes a
range of sheet ing for
construction and other
uses, tu bing and round
profiles from recycled
plastics.
e
MGSLGmbH,
3
20
Germany

Recycledcontent 32]
Partek
Partek manufacture profiles
and decking made from
recycled plastics.
e
Partek Insulations,
3
2 2
lnc., USA

Recycledcontent
327
Plasticprofiles
Round and square profiles
are manufactured from
recycled plast ics.
e
PlanexGmbH,
3
2 2
Germany

Recycl edcontent 32]
Plaswood
Reclaime d polythene and
polypro pylene - 30 per cent
waste from supermarkets
and 70 per cent production
factory waste - are
reblended into extrude d
profiles suitable for uses
requ iring tough, rot-free
materials .
.,
DumfriesPlastics
3
'5
Recycling

Recycled 32] ,
matetiat:
330 ,
Reductionin
34
embodiedenergy
(compared with
virgin plastics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Plastic profiles
Planks, stakes and squa re
profiles are ma de from
recycled plastics.
.,
Pofy-Beek-
3
2 2
Kunststaff-
Hande/s-GmbH,
Germany

Recycled 32]
materials
Plasticstakes
Round profiles and stakes
are manufactured from
recycled plast ics.
.,
PURUS
32
2
KunststojJWerke
GmbH, Germany
(}
Recycledcontent
32]
Recydur"
Square profiles and sta kes
are made ent irely from
recycled plasti cs.
e
LSRGmbH 320
Recycling-
Zentrum,
Germany

Recycledcontent
327
Plastic profiles
and stakes
Planks, square profi les and
stakes are fabricated from
recycled plastics .
.,
Re-Reluma
323
GmbH, Germany

Recycledcontent 32]
Plastic profiles
Consu mer was te is t he
primary co nst ituent of a
range of plastic profiles
su itable for furniture.
.,
Transform Plastics
3
25
Ltd, UK

'.Recycledcontent
3
2
7
Profiles and st akes in a
variety of roun d and square
shapes are man ufact ured
from recycled plastics.
.,
WKRAltkunst-
3
26
stoffproduktions-
u. Vertriebsgesell-
schaftmbH,
Germany

Recycledcontent
32]
Plasticlumber
Commi ngled , recycled
plastics are extr uded into
a variety of recta ngular
sect ions, making an
alterna t ive mate rial for
trad itional uses such as
decking and outdoor
furnit ure.
.,
Yemmei Hart, 3
26
USA

Recycledcontent 32]
I
'"
a
... .
' . ,
.' f
".
:.-.
, : . . ' .
"f,
.,
Syndesis, lnc.,
3
2
4
USA

Recycled
327,
materialsusage
34
Reductionin
embodiedenergy
of manufacture
.Certifiedasa
recycledproduct
bythe
Californians
Against Waste
Foundation
Syndecrete"
Syndecrete" is a chemically
inert, zero out-gasing,
concrete-like material
composed of cement and
up to 41 per cent recycled
or recovered materials from
industrial or consume r
waste, Typical wastes
include HDPE, crushed
recycled glass, wood chips
and brass screwshavings.
Pulverized fly ash (PFA), a
waste residue from coal-
fired power stations , is
added to reduce the cement
requirement by up to '5
per cent and recovered
polypropylene fibre scrap
provides a 3-D matrixto
increase the tens ile strength
of this composite recyclate
concrete. It is easilyworked
and polished to create a
contemporaryterrazzo look,
t '.
.,
Safeglass
323
(Europe) Ltd, UK

Improvedhealth
3
28
andsaf ery
Safeglass
This special glass breaks
into harmless pieces when
shattered, making it ideally
suited to any application
where there is a risk of
impact.
.,
Various

Strong,
328,
lightweight,
3
29
tough
Potentialenergy
savingsinthe
usagephaseofa
product
foamed aluminium, varying
in density from high to ultra-
low, which are suitable for
applications where weight-
saving is critical to a
product's performance.
The final group, metal
matrixcomposites,
includes substances such
as alumina (fibre- or
particulate-reinforced),
boron, carbon, iron or
siliconcarbide bonded in
a matrixof aluminium or
magnesium. All these
lightweight metals are
high-embodied-energy
materials but can potentially
significantly improve energy
efficiencyin the usage phase
of a product byreducing the
amount of mass that has to
be moved.
Withadvances in
technologyit is now
possible to produce very
lightweight but strong
metals. The first group,
light alloys, such as
aluminium, magnesium,
titanium and berylli um, are
well knownand availablein
a diverse selection of
profiles, sheets and cast
forms. The second group,
metal foams, are specialist
Lightweight metals -
metal matrix
composites, metal
foams, light alloys
FirstGl ow
Ecoplast
Europol manufactures a
range of recycled plastics
entirely from material
discarded by consumers to
create injection-moulding
grades of HDPE, LDPE, PP,
HIPSand ABS and a blow-
moulding grade of HDPE.
These glass beads shed a
luminous glowafter the
illuminating light source
has been switched off.
Road markings and lighting
systems are suitable
applications of this new
materials technology.
.,
Product 20 0 0 Ltd,
3
22
UK

Energy-efficient
3
29
lightingmaterial
.,
Europol, UK
3
16

Recycledcontent
3
27
e
Various

Very durableand 328,
inert
3
29
Potentialenergy
savings inthe
usagephaseofa
product
dedcontent 327
ded 327
erials
wall panelling
g stones are
from 10 0 per
ed glass.
anmental 316
Products,
od dust and
re combined with
o create high-
nels, tiles and
e wall sections .
rformance
s
oiz-Beton 3'8,
ational, 319
K-XIndustries,
USA
mental stone
in ceramics
gyhave
ne-tolerance
uring of
from parts
gines to
ductors and fibres
cement. Alumina,
titanium, carbide and rare
earth minerals such as
zirconia bond withthe
clayparticles to form very
toughcomposites. The
composites can be formed
byslip casting, sintering
and even a form of
injection-moulding, so they
can be appliedto diverse
manufacturing ends.
SomeCeramic composites
arelightweight and so
offerpotentiai savings in
energy consumption when
appliedto power units
and/or mobility or
transport products.

Environ
Floor tiles,
and pavin
fabricated
cent-recycl
.,
Envir
Stone
USA

Recy
mat
Faswall
WastewO
particles a
concrete t
densitypa
ready-mad
.,
insulh
Intern
inc.]
Inc.,

Recy
High-pe
ceramic
Advances
technolo
enabled f
rnanufact
everything
for car en
supercon
for reinfor
Plastic sheeting
This sheeting is
manufactured from
recycled plastics and is a
suitable grade for
construction use.
NHoOl
NHoOl fabric has
similar performance
characteristics to PVC
(polyvinyl chloride) but
there are no emissions of
chlorides, phthalates or
other toxiccompounds
during the manufacture or
use of NHoOl. For this
reason it replaced PVC as
the roofing material for the
Mill ennium Dome,
London.
e
ORBITAFilm
3
21
GmbH, Germany
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27
.,
Carrington
3
1
4
Peiformance
Fabrics, UK
(}
Cleaner
3
27
production
.,
Wellman inc.,
32
6
USA
(}
Recycledcontent
327
EcoClear"
EcoClear"' is a resin and
film made from recycled
PET, which is suitable for
beverage and food
packaging.
e
CorrexPlastics,
3
'
4
UK
(}
Recycled
3
2
7
materials
Correx
This lightweight twin-
walled PP sheet is made
from 10 0 per cent
production and customers'
returned waste. It is
utilizedfor packaging,
self-assemblystorage
systems and tree shelters.
.,
Charles Lawrence
3
1
4
Recycling Ltd, UK
(}
Recycled
327
materials
Biopol' "
The polymer structure of
Biopol' " breaks down when
exposed to ultraviolet light.
The actual material is
PHBV, which is not a
biodegradable polymer
since it is not compostable
bybiological agents and
when it degrades remains
as fine particles.
Rubber granulate
This company
manufactures rubber
granulate, o.yrnrnto 30mm
(0.02 to o.i in) diameter
particles, from 100 per
cent-reclaimed scrap tyres.
The granulate can be
bonded with virgin natural
or synthetic rubber and
elastomers and is ideal for
play surfaces or other uses
to reduce impact damage.
.,
ICI Americas,
3
18
USA
(}
Rapidphysical
33
0
degradingaf
materialat the
endofitslife
Bionelle"
Bionelle" polymer is
physically degraded bythe
action of ultraviolet light
and mechanical agents .
e
Showa
324
HighpolymerCo.,
Japan
(}
Degradable
3
27
Polymers
Agro Plastic
Agro Plastic is
polypropyleneor
polyethylene manufactured
using a filler derived from
wheat straw. It was jointly
developed by PTI and the
USDAForest Products
Laboratory.
e
Pinnacle
3
2 2
Technology,Inc.
(PT/), USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
biodegradable
components
Santoprene
Santoprene
e
is cross-linked
polypropylene (PP) and
ethylene-polypropylene-
diene-monomer (EPDM)
rubberwith a soft, yielding
texturesuitable for
moulding components for
hand-held equipment. Its
inherent qualities improve
usabili tyin items ranging
fromcameras to ski sticks
but its specialist nature
means disassembly of
Santoprene" parts is
essential to prevent
contamination of pure-
gradewaste streams .
e
Advanced
3' 2
Elastomer
Systems LP., USA
(}
Improveduser
3
29
comfort
Styradex, Propadex
Syradexis made from
recycl ed polystyrene (PS);
Propadex uses recycled
polypropylene (PP). Most
materialsare sourced from
production waste (98 per
cent) and small quanities
frompost-consumer waste
(2 per cent).
., Styradex Plastics
3
24
Recycling, UK
(}
Recycledcontent
3
2
7
Biosynthetic polymers
USSC manufactures a
range of specialist
polyurethane foams using
soybean oil. Like synthetic
PU, the USSCfoams are
suitable for everything from
loose-fill packagingand
furnishing to panels and
shoe componen ts.
.,
Urethane Soy
3
25
SystemsCompany
(USSC). USA

Renewable
3
2
7
content
Polymers
a
ro
3
ro
c...

ro
--
Vl
o
;:+>
Arange of water-borne,
vinyl polymer interior
paints cont aining less than
45 per cent volatiles is
certified with an EU
eco-Iabel. The company
is also registered with
the Spanish eco-Iabel
certification authority,
AENOR, and participates
in the Punto Verde (Green
Dot) packaging disposa l
scheme.
Pinturas Proa
.,
Pinturas Proa,
3
22
Spain
(}
EUeco-lobel 327,
Reductionin 328,
volatiles
339,
Recycledand
34
1
recyclable
packaging
Kei m paints
All the paints
manufactured by Keim use
inorganic materials that are
abundant in the geos phere,
including potassium
silicate binders, mineral
fillers and earth oxide
colour pigments. Granital
is an exterior paint with
a range of 350 colours
suitable for all mineral
substrates, Concretal
protects concrete against
corrosion and Biosil is a
water-borne, silicate-based
paint suitable for interior
applications. Ecosil is a
recently introduced
interior-qualitypaint, which
is water-based, contai ns no
chemical solvents and is
VOC-free. Keim are
certified to ISO'4001 and
ISO9001.
.,
KeirnMineral
3
19
Paints Ltd, UK

Useofabundant
3
2
7
inorganic
materials
Non-toxic
Nordsjo (Akzo
3
21
.,
NobeIOekorativ),
Sweden

EUeco-label 328,
ensuringlow
339,
VOCsand
34
1
generalreduction
intoxicity
Manufactured
with clean
technology/
eco-efficiency
practices
paints and varnishes in
the world, with zero VOC
content, independently
tested bythe US EPA
and the Swedish National
Testing & Research Institute.
The Ecos range is, however,
based upon synthet ic resins,
albeit non-allergenic,
harmless resins, processed
from crude oil, so it is not
from a renewable source.
Innetak and Bindoplast
At the paint manufacturing
plant at Malmo, Sweden,
Akzo Nobel produce over
30 million litres (6.6 million
gallons) of decorat ive
coatings and 16 million
Iitres (3.5 million gallons)
of industrial coatings.
Since '995 the company
has set itself a series of
environmental targets, such
as reducing the emissions
of solvents to the air by 50
per cent between 1995 and
1999 and reducing the total
energy consumption per
litre of paint manufactured
by 5 per cent between 1995
and 2000 . Innetak and
Bindoplast are decorative,
water-based emul sion
paints, which were the first
brand in Europe to receive
the EU eco-Iabel.
e
Lakeland Paints,
3
19
UK

Free of VOCs
34
1
andvinyl
chloride
Ecos
Biora is a range of water-
based acrylicresins
suitable for application to
walls, ceilings and other
interior surfaces. Qualifying
for the EUeco-Iabel, these
eight paints and varnishes
offer a reduction in a
variety of environmental
impacts of conventional
paints , especiallyVOCs
and toxic ingredients.
Teknos Tranemo are also
certified to ISO 9001 and
ISO 141 and are working
with the Swedish Paint
Makers Organization to
develop tools, such as
Iifecycle analysis, to make
further improvements.
Biora
Paints
This companyclaims to
manufacture the only
solvent-free odourless
.,
Teknos Tronemo,
3
2
5
Sweden

Cleaner 327 ,
production
339
EUeco-label
ensuringlow
toxicityof
constituents
ChapcOSafe-Set
The adhesives in this
professional range are low
inVOCs, non-flammable,
non-toxic and anti-
microbial and contain
no hazardous ingredients
as defined bythe
Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
(OSHA) Regulations. All
products are packaged in
recycled plasticcontainers
with printed labels on
recycl ed paper including
OSHA data on safety.
.,
Chicago Adhesive 3
14
Product'
Compony, USA
0
Non-toxicand 327,
sofe 3
28
Recycled
pockaging
materials
DasicAerostrip323
Thiswater-based paint
stripper was developed
specificallyfor the
aeronautics industry but
is suitable for removal of
paint from metals and
metal alloys.
.,
Dosie
3
15
International Ltd,
UK
0
Reductionin
3
2
9.
emissionsof
34
1
VOC,
Improved health
ond,afety
Home Strip
Powerful solvents, usually
methylene chloride
(dichloromethane or
OCM), are used in
conventional paint
st rippers. OCMis a skin
irritant and is highly
volatile, the fumes inducing
narcotic effects, and it has
recently been classified as a
Category3 carcinogen by
the EU. Home Strip is
OCM- and solvent-free, is
water-based and doesn't
give off fumes, yet is just as
effective at removing layers
of paint or varnish.
e
Eco Solution,. UK
3
15

Reductionof
3
27
toxicityand
emissions
Laybond Quickstick
Green
This synthetic rubber/res in
emulsion is a general-
purpose contact adhes ive
suitable for wall or floor
coverings and other
applications where a bond
is required to aluminium,
concrete, plaster, steel and
timber. QuickstickGreen
is water-based, non-
flammable and is much
safer to handle than
solvent-based adhesives
with VOCs.
.,
Laybond Product,
3
19
Ltd, UK

Non-toxic
3
27
Miscellaneous
(
Micro Thermal
3
20
Systems, UK

Improved
3
29
personal health
withbreathable
fabric
Stomatex
Stomatex is a breat hable
fabric ma de of a
com binatio n of neo prene
and polyeth ylen e, which
mim ics tra nsp irat ion, the
process of evaporat ion
of moist ure from leaves.
Perspirat ion vapour
generated by the activity
of the wearer is collected
in small dep ressions on
the ins ide of the fabric.
At eac h depression a tiny
pore provides an exit for
the vapour to the external
environment. Stomatex
is act ivated only when
sufficie nt body perspi ration
is generated, so this is a
responsive, 'smart' textile.
PlayItAgain Sam
DesignTex is a lead ing
man ufact urer of furnishing
fabrics . Play It Again Sam
is a polyester fabric ma de
entirely of fibres from
recycled PET bottles.
Otterskin
(
DesignTex, Inc.,
3
1
5
USA

Recycled 32]
materials
(
NunoCorporation,
3
21
Japan

Recycled 32]
materials
This 100 per cent-polyester,
non -woven, needle-
punched fabric is made
from recycled PETbottles.
Asurface coati ng of
polyureth ane provides
wind- and water-proofing,
yet t he material is
breathable and retains
body heat.
(
Eiectrotextiles Ltd,
3
15
UK

Dualfunction
3
29
material
El exTex
Cond uctive fibres are woven
with tradit ional , natu ral
yarns to create a flexible
textile su itable for a variety
of applications such as
electronic clothing, roll-up
keyboa rds and so on .
(
Wellman,lnc.,
3
26
USA

Recycledcontent
32]
Eco'Spun'"
Wellman is one of
the world's leading
man ufact ures of yarn
and textiles using PET
from recycled drinks bott les.
Wellman supply the
furnishing and clothing
industries, including
Patagonia, the outdoor
clothing com pany. Ecospun"
is a spec ialist fibre made
using recycled plastics.
(
SchollerTextil,
3
23
Switzerland

Potential health
3
29
andsafety
improvements
(
NunoCorporation, J21
Japan

Metal
32]
component ;s
recyclable
Brass Cloth
ComforTemp
' Phase Change' tec hnology
is use d in space
applications to
control temperatures.
Microcapsules woven
into fabrics moderate
temperat ures by changing
from solids to liquids. As
they convert from solids to
liquids they absorb body
heat and , conversely, when
they solid itythey release
heat , which is reabsorbed
by the body. ComforTemp
fabric is pleasantly
tactile , comfortable to
wear and illustrates
possible developments
in textiles that can
respond intelligently to
their sur roundings.
Textiles
Woven text iles combining
metals and nat ural or
synthetic yarns are
texturally and visually
striking and offer the
designer new possibilities
with shapes and ta iloring.
Brass Cloth, des igned
by Reiko Sudo, Japa n, is
part of the Metal series
manufactured by Nuno and
consists of 40 per cent
cotton and 60 per ce nt
brass from recycled wire.
Terratex
Made entirelyof recycled
pET recycled plastic
bottles, Terratex is a tough,
versatile, recyclable fabric
forfurnishing and similar
applications.
.,
Inteiface Fabrics 3,8
International,
UK/USA

Recycledand
3
27
recyclable
materials
Therrna-Pore, Ther rna-
Float, Therma-Foil
This company produces
a range of specialist
breathable fabrics suitable
for sports applications
and survival in extreme
conditions. Therrna-
Poreis a breathable
fabric, Therma-Float a
' high-buoyancy insulating
materialand Therma-Foil a
lightweight foam insulator
bondedto foil.
0
ThermaFlaat Ltd,
3
25
UK

Improvedhealth
3
2
9
andsafety
TreviraNSKjTrevira CS
This is a fabric made from
two types of polyester yarn,
Trevira NSK, which gives
strength, and Trevira (S,
which acts as a flame
retardant. Being 100 per
cent polyester, it can be
reworked by pleating,
dyeing and printing but has
the in-built advantage of
not requiring a flame-proof
coating. It is entirely
recyclable.
e
TreviraGmbH'" 3
25
Co. KG, Germany

Recyclable
3
27
Cleaner
technalaIN
4
iFDesignAward,
33
2
2000
Tyvek
With its durability and high
chemical resistance, Tyvek
was originally developed
by DuPont for protect ive
clothing but has since been
used for haute-couture
fashion and as a paper
substit ute for envelopes,
stationeryand various
printed media. Tyvek is
fully recyclable.
)
DuPont, USA
3'5

Recyclable
3
27
synthetic
material
Velcro"
Velcro" is a combination
of two nylonfabrics, one
woven with a surface of
hooks and the other with a
smooth surface with loops.
When juxtaposed the
two fabrics adhere as
the hooks take up in the
loops, creating a strong
'adhes ive' bond.
)
Velcro, USA
3
25

Temporary
33
0
bondingsystem
allowingreuse of
textiles
Textiles
w
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Designers, Designer-makers
Abbate Cinzia
Lbrgernst rasse 27 1FI, Setagaya Bernard Kerr and
.j>.
for t he It alian Ener gy CH8037 Zu rich. Switzerland
Tokyo ' 56, Japan Pejack Campbell
0
Authority: Offi cine T +4' (0)13615147 T +81(0)333246760 c/ o Solar Cooke rs
;:0
di Arch itettura di F +41(0)1361 5197
F +81(0)333246789 Int ernational <1l
1Il
Cinz ia Abbat e
Arai, Junichi
www.dnp.cojp/ millennium/ sb/
1919 zrst St, Suite 101 0
<:
Piazza S. Anast asia 3
see Nuno Corp orat ion
van.html
Sacrament o. CA95814
n
<1l 00186 Rome, It aly
Aros io , Pietro
Bansod, Abh ijit
USA
1Il
T +39 (0)66796498
Tit an Indu strie s Lt d
T +19164554498
Studio Piet ro Ar osio
F +39(0)6 69783038
Via Gaetano Giardi no 2/A
Tower A. Golden Encl ave F+19164554498
Ecinzia.abbate@flashnet.it
20053 Mu ggio (M I)
Air port Road
Esbci@igc.apc.org
Ackon , Gabriele It aly
Bangalore 560017. Indi a
www.solarcooking.org
see David Zyne
T +39 (0)39793237
T +9' 80526855'
Bernett, Jeffrey
Product ions, UK F +39 (0)39278 1088
Bar + Knell
c/o Cappell ini Arte/Capel li ni
Ad Rem Design
E studio@pietroarosio.it
7 Untere Turmgasse
SpA (see p. 314)
Indust riest rasse 25
Arzuaga, Amaya 74206 Bad Wi mpen
Berthier, Marc
CH3076 Wo rb, Swit zerl and
Irun Km 2025 Germany
Design Plan St ud io
T +4' (0)31 83207 10
934 Lerma Bur gos T +49 (0) 70636891
141 Bd St Michel
F +4' (0)3' 83207 14
Madri d, Spai n F +49 (0) 70636980
755 Pari s
AeroVironment
Einfo@amayaarzuaga.com E Baerknell@aol.com
France
www.amayaarzuaga.com www.baer-knell.de
Corpor ate HQ
T +33 (0)14326 49 97
825 S. Myrtl e Dr.
Atfield, Jane Barlow-Lawson, Stephen
F +33 (0)143 26 5462
Monrovia. CA91016, USA
244 Gr ays Inn Road Ground Suppo rt Edpstudio@wanadooJr
T +1 626 3579983
London WC1X81R, UK
Equi pment (US) Lt d
Besse, Hedda
F +16263599628
T +44 (0)20 72786971
11 Broadway, Room 1010
see IDEO Product
www.aerovironment.com
F +44 (0)2078330018
New York, NY10004. USA
Develo pment for BP
Ake ler Developments pic
Azumi, Shin and Tomoko T 888302DESKI
Solar Inte rnational
Grou nd Floor +1 212809 4323
20 Berkeley Squ are
953 Finchl ey Road
F +12128094324 BEST
London WI X5HD, UK
London NW11 7PE. UK E steve@bi omorph.com Bur o fur Produktgestalt ung
T +44 (0)20 7864 1800
T +44 (0)20 87319057
www.biomorphdesk.com Am Brogel i c
F +44 (0)20 78641801/ 2
F +44 (0)20 87317496
Baroli , Luigi
42283 Wup pert al
www.akeler.co.uk
E shin.tomoko.azumi@nifty. ne. jp
c/o Baleri It al i a
Germany
Alaska Center for http:/ / member.nifty.neip/
Via F. Cavallo tt i 8
T +49 (0)20288595
Appropriate Technology AZUMII
20122 Milan, It aly
F +49 (0)202 899 355
851 E.West Poi nt Drive
Baccarne Des ign
T +39 (0)27601 46 72
Bey, Jurgen
# 206
Baccarne bvba
F +39 (0)2760144 '9
Passerelsstraat 44A
Wasilla . AK 99654, USA
Gentbruggekouter E info@baleri-italia.com
'3 023 ZD Rott erdam 1
Amato , John ;
9050 Gent, Belgium
Bartsch Design Netherlands
Met a MorfDesign
T +32(0)9 232 44 21
Indus trial Desi gn GbR T +3' (0)104258792
2700 4th Avenue South
F +32(0)923244 30
Phi l i pp-Muller-St rasse 12 F +3' (0)104259437
Seattl e, WA98134. USA
E baccarne@planeLinternet.be
23966 Wismar
Ebey@luna.nl
T +12069036332 Bakker, Erik
Germany
Bill Dunster Architects
F +1 2062230853 Design Academy Eindhoven
T +49 (0)3841 758160
Zedfacto ry
Ecolin@metamorfdesign.com Emmasmgel ia
F +49 (0)3841 758161
Hope Hou se
And ringa,Jacqueline
PO Box 2125
Bergne, Sebastian
Molember Road
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Design Academy Ei ndhoven
Netherl ands
Bergne Design for
East Molesey
Emmastngel iz
T +3' (0)402393939
Manufactu re
Surrey KT8 9NH, UK
PO Box 2125
F +3' (0)402393940
2 Ingate Pl ace
T +44 (0)20 8339 1242
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Einfo@designacademy.nl
London sw8 3NS
F +44 (0)2083390429
Netherl ands
www.designacademy.nl
UK
Ebill.dunster@btinternet.com
T +3' (0)402393939
Bally, Boris
T +44 (0)20 76223333
www.zedfaetory.com
F +3' (0)4023939 40
F +44 (0)2076223336
E info@designacademy.nl
Atel ier Boris Ball y
Ebergne.dfm@mailbox.co.uk
BioRegi onal
www.designacademy.nl
The Rug Build i ng
Berkowitz, Adam
Development Gr ou p
3421 Bigelow Blvd
The Ecol ogy Centre
Anthol ogie Quartett
Pitt sbur gh, PA 15213
c/o Ar bor Vi tae (see p. 312)
Honeywood Wal k
49152 Bad Essen, Germany
USA
www.time.comftimefreports/
Carshalton
T +49 (0)5472 94090
T +1412 682 8118 environment/heroes/ gallery
Surr ey SM5 3NX, UK
F+49 (0)5472 940940
F +14126827244
Bernabei, Rina
T +44 (0)20 8773 2322
www.anthologiequartett.de
E Bad4Borr@aol.com
52 Regent Street F +44 (0)20 8773 2878
Apotheloz, Christophe Ban, Shigeru Paddi ngton, NSW 202 1 E info@bioregional.com
Industri al Designer
5-2-4 Mat subara Ban Bldg Aust ralia www.bioregional.com
S
Designers, Designer-makers
Blanca, Oscar Tusquets
F +44(0)1225 481737 Champi an, Brian Georgia Institute of
c/ o Escofet 1886 SA
E j ul ian@st udiobrown.com c/o International Design Technology
.p.
Resource Awards (IDRA) USA
0
Ronda Universitat 20
Buchner Design Studio
Design Resource Institute
:<J
E08007 Barcelona, Spain
1030Quesada Avenue Cramer, Dan
(l)
7406A Greenwood Avenue
V1
T +34 (0)93 3
,8
5
0
5
0
San Francisco, CA94'24, USA Golden Valley, Minnesota 0
F +34 (0)934
12446
5
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
c/o International Design
c
Burkhardt , Roland
n
Eescofet@escofet.com
c/o Sunways Gesellschaft
T +1206289 0949
Resource Awards (IDRA) (l)
www. escofet@escofet.com F +1 2067893144
Design Resource Institute
V1
fur Solartechnik mbH
Blejer, Danilea, an.d
www.designresource.org
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Macairestrasse5
Clerkin, Carl Seattle,WA 98177, USA
Bostel mann, Saskia
78467 Konstanz, Germany
14
8
Salvador Arditt i Domestic Hardware T +1 206289 0949
Sierra Chalchihie 175
T +49(0)753' 99677 0
F1 2-4 Southgate Road F +' 2067893'44
F +49(0)7531 99677 10
IBlsA 50'
E info@sunways.de
London Nl 311. UK
www.designresource.org
Lomas de Cahpultepec c.P.
www.sunways.de
Tt F +44(0)20 7249202'
Culpepper, Michael
11 000 Mexico City. Mexico
Buro fur Form
Coates, Nigel
Michael Culpepper
Boeri, Cini
Hans-Sachs-Strasse 12
Branson Coates Architecture
Architect
c/o Fiam Italia SpA
80469 Munich, Germany
23Old Street
2216West Addison Street
Via Ancona l/B
T +49(0)8926949000
London Eel V 9HL, UK
Chicago, IL60618, USA
61010Tavullia, Pesoro, Italy
F +49 (0)89 2694 9002
T +44 (0)2074900343
da Silva, Ronalda Edson
T +39 (0)721 200 51
E meekepburofurform.de
F +44(0)2074900320
c/ o Papa-papel, Brazil
F +39 (0)721
202
43
2
www.burofurform.de Colwell, David
De Denktank
Efiam@fiamitali a.it
Buro fur Praduktgestaltung
c/o Trannon Furniture
(Design Studio) Rotterdam
www.flamitalia.it
Limited
Netherlands
Boner, [org
Brendstrasse83
Chilhampton Farm
75'79 pforzheim, Germany de Haas, Marit
N2 Switzerland
T +49(0)7231 442" 5
Wilton, Salisbury
c/o Design Academy
TtF +4' (0)616934015
Ef-neuberteps.direktnet.de
Wilts SP2 OAB, UK
Eindhoven
En2@n2design.ch
T +44(0)1722744 577
Ernmasingel ia
www.n2design.ch
Cahen, Antoine
F +44(0)1722744477
Les Ateliers du Nord/
E info@t rannon.com
PO Box2125
Boontje, Tord
Antoine Cahen
www.t rannon.com
5600 CCEindhoven
tranSglass, Studio '9
PI. du Nord 2
Netherlands
33 Rushworth Street
CH1005Lausanne
Connell, Christopher
T +3' (0)402393939
London SEl ORB, UK c/o MAP (Merchants of
F +3' (0)40 2393940
TtF +44(0)20726, 9315
Switzerland
Australia Products) Pty Ltd Einfo@designacademy.nl
T +4' (0)21 3205807
Bredahl, PiI, and
F +4' (0)213205843
570 Chapel Street www.designacademy.nl
Risell, Liselott e
Eantoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch
Sth Yarra, Melbourne
De Jonghe, Marc
Denmark Victoria 3' 4' , Australia
Orso Design
Epilbredahl@get2nel.dk
Campana, Fernando and
Constansia, Conn ie Antwerp, Belgium
Bristow, Stuart
Humberto
Design Academy Eindhoven www.orso.be
Campana Objetos Ltda
c/o Designed to a ' t' Ltd
RuaBarao de Tatui 21 9
Emmasingel ia
de Klerk, Sander
11 Maxwell Gds
Sao Paulo 01226030
PO Box 21 25
c/ o Design Academy
Orpington
Brazil
5600 CCEindhoven
Eindhoven
Kent BR6 9QR, UK Netherlands
Emmasingel 14
T +55 (0)11 8253408
T +44(0)1689 831400
+55 (0)11 36674317
T +3' (0)402393939
PO Box 2125
F +44 (0)1689 609301
F +55(0)11 825 3408
F +3' (0)402393940
5600 CCEindhoven
www.daat.demon.co.uk Einfo@designacademy.nl
Netherlands
Breess, Alfons
Carrasco, Pedro
www.designacademy.nl
T +3' (0)402393939
Design Academy Eindhoven
Ruada Liberdade 37
Conti , Jean-Remi F +3' (0)402393940
Emmasingel14
10 Esq 2800
Design Academy Eindhoven
Einfo@designacademy.nl
POBox 2125
Cova da Piedade, Portugal
Emrnasingel ia www.designacademy.nl
5600 CC Eindhoven Chadwick, Don, and
PO Box2125
de Leede, Annelies
Netherlands Stumpf, Bill _5600 CCEindhoven
Oak Product Design,
T +31(0)40239 3939 Herman Miller, Inc. Netherlands
Netherlands
F +3' (0)40 2393940 855 East Main Ave
T +3' (0)402393939
c/o International Design
Einfo@designacademy.nl PO Box302
F +3' (0)402393940
Resource Awards (IDRA)
wWW.designacademy.nl Zeeland, MI 49464-032, USA Einfo@designacademy.nl
Design Resource Institute
Brown, Julian
www.hermanmiller.com www.designacademy.nl
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Studio Brown Chalayan, Hussain Corkran, Julius T,
Seattle, WA98177. USA
6 Princes Bui ldi ngs Studio B, 1st Floor and Harp, Alan
T +1 2062890949
George Street
71Endell Street Center for Rehabilit ation
F +12067893144
Bath BAl 2EO, UK
London WC2H9AI, UK Technology
www.designresource.org
T+44(0)1225 481735 F +44(0)2072405220 College of Architecture
@
Designers, Designer-makers
Deka Research & Dolphin-Wilding, Julienne Dyson, James Fleetwood, Roy

Development (USA) 34 Cecil Rhodes House Dyson Appli ances Roy Fleetwood Ltd
0
www.indetech.com Goldi ngton Street c/o 20 Shawfield Street
Offi ce for Design Strategy
;;0
ro
Design Academy Eindhoven
London NWI l UG, UK
London sw3460, UK
1St John's Innovation Park
VI
T +44(0)207380 0950 T +44(0)2078838244 Cowley Road
0
Ernrnasingel i a
s::
F+44(0)2072521778 www.dyson.com
Cambri dge c64 4NS, UK
n
PO Box 21 25
ro
5600 CC Eindhoven
Edolphin@julienne.demon.co.uk
E+Z Design
T +44(0)1223 240 074
VI
www.julienne.demon.co.uk
Eroy.fleetwood@fleetv.oodlnc.com Netherlands
at Retrospace
T +3' (0)40 239 3939 Domus Academy
1824Grand Blvd FortuneCookies
F+3' (0)40 2393940 Via Savona 97
Kansas City, MO64108, USA
[jacob Jurgensen Ravn)
Einfo@designacademy.nl 20144 Milan
Ecke: Design
Denmark
www.designacademy.nl Italy
Albrecht Ecke
Ejacob@fortunecookies.dk
Designed to a ' t' Dougan, Brian
Am Neuen Markt 10
Foster and Partners
11 Maxwell Gardens Dept of Industr ial Design
14467 Potsdam, Germany
Riverside Three
Orpington University of Southwest
T +49(0)33' 2803885 22 Hester Road
Kent 6R6 9QRUK Louisiana
F+49 (0)33' 2803890 London SW11 4AN, UK
T+44(0)1689831400 Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
Eeckedesign@snafu.de
T +44(0)2077380455
F+44(0)1689609301 c/ o International Design
www.eckedesign.de
www.fosterandparters.com
www.daat.demon.co.uk Resource Awards (IDRA)
EI Ultimo Grito
Fritsch, Antoin e
Designteam, Hameln
Design Resource Institut e
Studio 8
c/o Hermes
c/o Vorwerk & Co.
7406AGreenwood Avenue
23-28Penn Street
28 Ruedu Faubourg
Teppichwerke GmbH
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
London Nl 50L, UK
St Hono re
& Co. KG
T +I 206 289 0949
T +44(0)20 77391009
75008 Paris, France
Kulhmanst rasse 11
F+1206 789 31 44
F+44(0)20 7739 2009
T +33 (0)1 4265 0337/
31785 Hameln
www.designresource.org
E grito@ btinternet.com
+33 (0)1 40 1747I)
Germany Dougherty, Brian
Enlund, Teo
FrogDesign
T +49 (0)5'5' 103a Celery Design Collaborative
F+49 (0)5
'
5
'
103377 23156 Prince Street
c/o Simplicitas
Torstrasse 105-107
www.vcrwerk-tepprch.de Berkeley, CA 94715
Grevgatan 19
10119 Berlin
11452 Stockholm, Sweden
Germany
Deuber, Christ ian
USA
T +1 5106497155
T +46(0)8 66100 91
T+49(0)3041 714a
N2 Buro
F+46 (0)866100 97
F+40(0)3041714 36
T +1510 8486716
Breisacherstr. 64
Einfo@celerydesign.com
www.sirnplicitas.se
www.frogdesign.com
CH 4057 Basel, Switzerland
www.celerydesign.com Erik Krogh Design
GAAN GmbH
T+4' (0)61 693 4011
Douglas-Miller, Edward
Denmar k
Sonneggstrasse76
Ditzel , Nanna
c/o Remarkable Pencils Ltd
Eerkr@dk-designskole.dk
CH 8006 Zurich
c/o Fredericia Furniture A/S
Worlds End Studios Espmark, Erik Switzerland
Treldevej 183
' 34 Lot s Road c/o Royal Institute T +4' (0)1 363 52 00
7000 Fredericia, Denmark
London SWlO OR) ofTechnology (KTH) F+4' (0)136352aS
T +45 (olls 9233 44
UK Nada Einfo@gaan.ch
F+45 (0)75 9238 76
T +44(0)207351 4333 100 44 Stockholm
www.gaan.ch
E ml@fredericia.com
www.fredericia.com
T +44(0)207352 4729 Sweden
Gardere, Adrien
E info@re-markable.com www.nada.kth.se
Cardere Design
Di xon, Robert
Dranger , Jan Ettenheim Design 49 Rue au Mai re
c/o Advanced Vehicle Design
L&M Business Park
Dranger Design AB (George Ettenheim) 75003 Paris
Norman Road
Stor a Skuggans Vag 11 41 Market Str eet France
Altri ncham, Cheshire
11 54 2 Stockholm Venice, CA 90291, USA
Gasser, Danny and Michael
WA144E5, UK
Sweden
Feilden Clegg Architects Hort, Ben Sheperd and
T +44(0)161 9285575
T +46 (0)8153 929
Bat h Brewery Quisinh Tran
F+44(0)161 9285585
F+46(0)8153 926
Tol l Bridge Road c/o 5/60c RaglanStreet
Esales@windcheetah.co.uk
Ejan.dranger@newsab.se
Bath 6Al 70E, UK Mosman NSW 2088,
www.windcheetah.co.uk Droog Design
T +44 (0)1225852 545 Australia
Dixon, Tom
Keizersgracht 518 F+44 (0)1225852528
Gehry, Frank 0 ,
c/o Cappellini
1017EKAmsterdam
Feo, Roberto Frank o. Gehry &
Arte/Capellini SpA
Net herlands
EI Ultimo Grito Associates Inc
Via Marconi 35
T 03' (0)206269809
Studio 8 1520-B Cloverfleld
22060 Arosio, Italy
F031(0)20638 8828
23-28 Penn Street Boulevard
T +39 (0)3' 759 111
Egbakkengixsaall.nl
London Nl 50L, UK Santa Monica, CA 90404
F+39 (0)3
1
763322/763333 Dryden ResearchCenter
T +44(0)2077391009 USA
Ecappellini@cappellini.it USA
F+44(0)20 7739 2009 T +1310 828 6088
www.cappellini.it www.dfre.nasa.gcv Egrito@btinternet.com F+1310 828 2098
@
Designers, Designer-makers
Girand. Ann and
Champian, Brian
730East8th, #3
Moscow, 10 83843, USA
gmp_Architekten
vonGerkan Marg und Partner
Elbchaussee 139
227
63
Hamburg, Germany
T +49 (0)4
0 88
'5
'
0
F +49 (0)4
0 88
'5
'
177
Ehamburg-e@gmp-
archltekten.de
www.gmparchitekten.de
Grcic, Konstantin
KonstantinGrcic
Industrial Design
Schillerstrasse 40/ 11 Rgb
80336 Munich, Germany
Griffiths, Jason
Higher Tideford Cornworthy
Tot nes, Devon
TQ9 7Hl, UK
T +44 (0)1803712 387
F +44 (0)1803 712388
GrOne, Ralf and Dallas Grove
PaloAlto Products
International
567 University Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 9431
USA
T +1 650 327 9444
F +1 6503279446
Grunert, Pawel
c/ o AlicjaTrusiewicz
Via Bramante 22/L
06100 Perugia, Italy
T/F +39 (0)75 5726470
Ealicjet@t in.it
Guixe, Marti
Calabria 252
8029 Barcelona, Spain
T/F +34 (0)93 322 5986
Ein(o@guixe.com
WWW.guixe.com
Haberli, Alfredo, and
Marchand, Christophe
c/ o Danese sri/Alias sri
Viadei Videttei 2
Grumello del Monte
24064 Bergamo, Italy
T +39 (0)35 442 0240
F +39 (0)35442 09 96
Hatton, Pamela
58Hardel Walk
London SW2 2QE, UK
T +44 (0)20 8674 9618
Hereford &Worcester
County Council
Technical Services Department
County Hall
Spetchley Road
Worcester WR5 2NP, UK
T+44 (0)1905 766 422
Hermann, Anette,
Designer MOD
Dampfae rgevej 27-305
OK2100 Copenhagen
Denmark
T/F +45 (0)355 5 " 64
Einfo@plana.nu
www.plana.nu
Hertz, David
SENSORY(design agency)
Syndesis, Inc.
2908 Colorado Ave
SantaMonica, CA 90403-
3616, USA
T +1 310 829 9932
F +1 3108295641
www.syndesisinc.com
Heufler, Prof. Gerhard
Koroisistrasse 5
A80101Graz, Austria
T +43 (0)316672258
F +43 (0)3166722584
Hofmann, Alfred
(Denmark)
c/o Fritz Hansen A/S
Fritz-Hansen UK
20-22 RoseberyAvenue
London ECI Rasx, UK
T +44 (0) 20 7837 2030
F +44 (0)207837 2040
Eroh@f ritzhansen.co.uk
www.fritzhansen.co.uk
Hoogendi jk, Martin
c/ o Droog Design
Keizersgracht 518
1017 EKAmsterdam
Net herlands
T +3' (0)20 62 69 809
F +3' (0) 80 63 88 828
Egbakker@XS4alLnl
Hooke Forest
(Construct ion) Ltd
Pamham House
Beami nster
Dorset oT8 3NA, UK
T +44 (0)1308862204
F +44 (0)1308 863 494
Einfo@hookepark.com
www.hookepark.com
Human Factors
c/o Oxo International
230 Fifth Avenue, znd floor
New York, NY10001, USA
T +1 212 242 3333
F +1 212 242 3336
Hutasoit, Renaldi
c/o Meta Morf, Inc.
c/ o Colin Reedy
2700 ath Avenue South
Seattle, WA 98134, USA
T +1 2069036332
F +1 206 223 0853
Ecolin@metamorfdesign. com
www.metamorfdesign.com
Hutten, Richard
52 Marconistraat
3029 AKRotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0665
F +31 (0)10 4257603
E reeel @pl anet. nl
IBM Personal Systems
Group Design
IBM Corporation
3039 Cornwallis Road
Research Triangle Park
NC 27709, USA
T +1 919 254 8650
F +1 919 254 8385
EHDavid@u5,ibm.com
www.ibm.com
lchi , Yoshihiro
Industrial Design Division
Minolta, Japan
www. minolt a.com
IDEO Japan
413 Axis Building
5-17-1 Roppongi
Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
T +81 (0)35570 2664
F +81 (0)35570 2669
Ekaoru@ideojapan_co.jp
IDEO Product Development
1033 University Place
Chicago, Il 60201, USA
T +1 847 570 4350
F +1 8475704351
IDEO Product Deveopment
Pier 28 Annex
The Embarcadero
SanFrancisco, CA94105, USA
T +1415 778 4700
F +1415 778 4701
E jlevin@ideo.com
ijs designers
7 Edis Street
London NWI 8lG, UK
T +44 (0) 2079166708
F +44 (0)2079166709
Independence Technology
a Johnson &Johnson
Company, USA
www.indetech.com
Interform Design
Am Wendervvehr 3
38114 Braunschweig
Germany
T +49 (0) 53' 2337810
www.interform-design.de
Ito, Setsu/Studio
'-T.O. Design
Via Brioschi 54
20141 Milan, Italy
T/ F+39 (0)289546007
Esetsuito@mic ronetit
Jacobs, Camille
100Taman Nakhoda
Villa delle Rose
257793 Singapore
TIF +65 4753581
E3_cordenier@pacific.net.sg
alain.cordenier@bbl.be
Jakobsen, Hans Sandgren
Faergevej 3
OK8500 Grenaa
Denmark
T +45 (0)86 32 00 48
F +45 (0) 86 32 48 03
Email@hans-sandgren.
jakobsen.com
www.hans-sandgren-
jakobsen.com
JamDesign &
Communications Ltd
1Goods Way, znd Floor
London NWI l UR, UK
T +44 (0)2072783263
F +44 (0)207278 5567
Ejamdesign@compuserve.com
Jerome, Mike
c/o Philips Electronics NV
Building HWO
PO Box218
5600 MD Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 275 906 6
F +3' (0)40 275 909'
Eannemieke.froger@philips.com
www.philips.com
John Makepeaceand others
see Hooke Forest
(Constructi on) Ltd, UK
Jongerius, Hella
Schietbaanlaan 75b
3021 LERotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0253
E jong eriuslab@hotm ail .com
Jurinec, Ksenkja and
Grupa Dizajnera
Grupa Dizajnera
BarunaTrenka 5
Zagreb, Croatia
Kant, Judith
c/o Design Academy
Eindhoven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CCEindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
Einfo@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl

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Designers, Designer-makers
Karpf, Peter Korb &Korb F+44(0)1706 817 227 McDermott , Ruth
..,.
Glen tevej 8 Schossli st rasse 36A Eplasfth@msn.com 52 Regent Str eet
o
;:0
3210 Vej by, Denmark CH540 8 Ennetbaden
Lovegrove, Ross
Paddington , NSW 2021
<1l T +45(0)48 70 6) 7) Swit zerlan d
Lovegrove Stud io X
Au stral ia
Vl
F+45(0)48 70 6) 79 0 T +4' (0) 562228120
21 Powi s Me ws McDonagh, Julie
c
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Karl ono, Singh S Kotkas, Aki London Wll l i N, UK
The Inner Tube Ltd
<1l
Ar una Arutal a Hament ie '30E T +44 (0)2072297104
Un it Bl , The Wren Cent re
Vl
P OBox 187 005 60 Hel si nki, Fi nl and F+44 (0)20722970)2
Westbourn e Road
Temanggung 56200 T +)5850 5879077
E lovegroves_rmr@ Emswort h, Hampshire, UK
Centr al Java, Indonesia Eakotkas@uiah.fi compuserve.com T +44 (0)2)92 4)) 4))
Katayanagi , Tomu (Japan) Kuc kuck , Henner Macchion i , Sergio/SMAC
McDonough Braungarl
c/ o Fiam Italia SpA Nana Design Via Tom bett o 40
Design Chemistry, LLC
Via Ancona l/B 11- 55 45th Avenue 37135 Veron a, Italy 401 East Market St, Suite 201
61010 Tavull ia Long Island City, NY111 01 T/F +)9 (0)458200 279 Charl ottes vill e, VA22902,
Pesoro , It aly
USA E USA
T +) 9 (0)721 200 51
Kwa kkel , Eric-Jan Ma ier-Aichen, Hansj erg
T +1804295111
F +) 9 (0)721 2024)2
c/o REEEL Authentics artipresent Gmb H
F +1804 2951500
E fiam @fi amitalia.it
52 Marconi st rat Max Eyth St rasse 30
E info@mbdc.com
www.fiamitalia.it
3029 AK Rott erdam 71088 Holzerlin gen
www.mbdc.com
KFN Kaufmann
Netherl ands Germany Meller Marcovicz, Gioia
Produkt GmbH T +) 1(0)10 9254612 T +49 (0)70)1 6805a
102 Newark Street
Sager str asse 4
F +) 1(0)10 925760) F+49 (0)70)1680599
London El 2ES, UK
A6850 Dornbirn, Aust ria Laing, Patrick
www.authentics.de T +44 (0)20 7247 1282
T +4) (0)5572 2628) ADAPT=REACT Marczynski, Mike
F +44 (0)20 7)752668
F+4) (0)55722628)4 57 Holmesdale Road Business Li nes Ltd
Egmm@mrac.demon.co.uk
Ekfn.product@gmbh.vol.at
London N6 5TH, UK Harcou rt Street
www. rr-rac.demon.co.ukj
Kieboom, Nickie
T +44 (0)20 8)74 6665 Walkden , Wor sley
designgmm
c/o Design Academy
F +44 (0)20 8245)15) Manchest er M28 3GN, UK
Miles,) R
Eind hoven
Epatnck.adapt-reacteavrrgm.net
T +44 (0)1204 576)) 4
c/o Retail Place Ltd
Emmasi ngel 14 Landmark Design
E info@checkpoint -safety.com 34A Campden Hill Gard ens
PO Box 2125 Switzerland
www.checkpoint-safety.com
London w8 7AZ, UK
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Glarni schst rasse 8
Mar i, Enzo
T +44 (0) 20 77270486
Netherl ands
CH 8640 Rapperswil
c/o Alessi SpA
F+44 (0) 20 72217012
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9
Switzerland
Via Privata Alessi 6
Miyashita, Shin
F +)1 (0)40 2)9 )940
T +4' (0)55211 84 25
28882 Crusina llo (VB) , Italy
c/ o Sony Cor porati on
E info@designacademy.nl
F +4' (0)55211 84 28
T +)9 (0))2) 868 611
Design Center
www.designacademy.nl
Elandmark.ch@bluewin.ch
F+)9 (0))2) 866 1)2
6-7-35 Kitash inagawa
Kill aars, Remko www.landmark.nl
E pub @alessLit
Shinagawa-ku
c/o Design Academ y
Les Ateliers Du
Mari nho, Reginaldo
Tokyo ' 41, Japan
Ei nd hoven
Nord/Antoine Cahen
(Brazil)
T +81(a)) 5448 7758
Emrnasingel ia
F+81 (a)) 54487822
PI. du Nord 2
T +) 9 (olJJ8 124 6641
www.sony.co.jp and
PO Box 2125
Einventor_br@hotmail.com
5600 cc Eindh oven
CH1005 Lausanne www.sony.co.uk
Net herland s
Switzerl and
Marriott, Michael
Moerel , Marre
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9
T +4' (0)21 )2058 07
Unit F2, 2"4,
182 Hester Street No. 13
F +) 1(0)402)9 )940
F +4' (0)21 )20 584)
Sout hgate Road
New York, NY10013, USA
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Eantoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch London Nl 311 , UK
T +12122198965
www.designacademy.nl
Lewis, David (UK)
T/ F +44 (0)20 792) 0)2)
F +1 2129252371
Klug, Ubald
c/ o Vestfrost A/S
E marriott .michael @virgin.net
Emarremoerel@r cn.com
33 Rue Croulebarbe
Spangsbjerg Mel levej 100 Marlin, Gu y
Moinat, Christophe
75013 Paris, France
Post box 2079 Crown Studios
Pre-du-Marche 23
T +) ) (0)144)) 1) 882
OX-6705 Esbjerg 0 , Denmark Old Crown Cott age
CH 1004 Lausanne
F +)) (0)145)5)154
T +45(0)79 ' 4 2222
Greenham, Crewkerne
Switzerl and
F +45 (0)79'4 2) 55
Somerset TA18 8QE, UK
and
Konings, Jan
Looker, Philip
T +44 (0)1)08868122
71 Nor t hwold Road
c/ o Droog Design
c/ o Plasti cs fth Industry Ltd McCrady, Paul London E5 8RN, UK
Keizer sgracht 518
The St ables AeroVir onment T +44 (0)20 7502 0511
1017 EKAm st erdam
Sandh ol me Mill 825 S. Myrtle Dr ive
Mollsjo, Carina
Netherland s
Commercial Str eet Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
yxhammarsgat an 28
T +) 1(0)20 626 9809
Todmorden T +1626)57998)
533 1 Boras, Sweden
F +)1 (0)20 6)8 8828
Lancs 0114 5RH, UK F+1626 )59 9628
T +46 (0) )) 10 27 25
Egbakker@XS4all .nl
T +44(0)1706817 784 www.aerovironment.com
E mollsjo@hotm ail.com

1
Designers, Designer-makers
Designers, Designer-makers
Rogers, Mark Shetka, Stanley T +33 (0)14' 088282 Limited
.j>.
BUT All Paper Recycling, Inc. F+33 (0)1 4' 089665 Chilhampton Farm
0
81 Lothair Road North 10247 40th Street West
E starck@s tarckdesign.com Wilton, Salisbury
::u
London N4HR, UK Webster, MN55088, USA
www. phthppe.starck.com Wilts SP2 OAB, UK (Jl
1Il
T +44(0)2083417776 T +44(0)1722744 577 0
Shiotani, Yasushi Stark, Herbert, Dr, Kopf AG
t:
;:: Ruano, Maria c/o Canon, Inc.
Stutzenstrasse 6
F +44(0)'722 744 477
(Jl
c/o Bedrock Industries Design Centre 72172 Sulz-Borgfelden
Einfo@trannon .com
1Il
Seattle, WA, USA nO-2 Shimomaruko
Germany
www.trannon.com
Sadler, Marc
Ota-ku, Tokyo 146-8501 T +49(0)745475285 Teams Design
see Domus Academy, Italy,
Japan
Eh.stark@kopf-ag.de Hollwitzstrasse1
and American Hardwoods
T +81 (0)337582111
www.kopf-ag.de 73728 Esslingen, Germany
Export Council, USA
F +81 (0)3 5482 9711
Startup, Jasper Teppich-Art-Team
Efukujr@drc.canon.co.jp
Startup Design, NO. 4 Untere Gasse1
Sams Design
Shumacher, Sheri 126A Albion Road CH 7012Ferlsberg
103 Friern Barnet Road
Tapas London N169PA, UK Switzerland
London Nll 3EU, UK
426 N. Gay Street T +44(0)2079231223 T+4' (0)8' 252 8689
T +44(0)20836'8845
Auburn, Al 36830, USA E jasper@sta rtup design.co.uk
Thomas, Deborah
F +44(0)2083614305
E info@samsdesign.co.uk
Simmons , Roland Staton, John M 323(B) Grove Green Road
PO Box 3396 Anderson Design Leytonstone
Sanders, Mark
Santa Rosa, CA 95402, USA Associates, Inc. London Ell 4EB, UK
c/ o Roland Plastics
Smart Design in co-
175New Britain Ave
Thorp, lan, and Morris , Steve
Strida Limited
Wickham Market
development with
Plainville, CT 06062, USA
c/o Slough Rubber
Woodbridge
Oxo International
Steinberg, Erez, and Company, UK
Suffolk 1P13ooz, UK
Oxo International
Giasullo, Gia T +44(0)1753570 438
T +44(0)'728747777
230 Fifth Avenue, and Floor
Studio eg
Thorpe, Clarkson, and
F+44(0)1728748 222
New York, NY10001, USA
2431 Peralta Street
Beukema, Steve
E strida@rol andp lastics.co.uk
T +1 21 22423333
Suite 2437A
c/o Haworth, Inc.
F+' 21 22423336
Oakland, CA 94607, USA
One Haworth Center
Sandham, John, Einfo@oxo.com
Steinmann, Peter, and Holland, MI 49423, USA
and Lewis, Stan www.oxo.com
c/o LewSan Limited
Schmid, Herbert T +16, 63933000
Smith, Janice
c/o Atelier Alinea AG
www.haworth.com
3 Sutton Gardens
University of Kansas
Zahringerstrasse 14
Thun, Matteo
Hornchurch
Art and Design Building
Essex RM1 2 4LD, UK
CH 4007 Basel
c/ o Domus Academy
Room 300,
Switzerland
Via Savona 97
T +44(0)1708473842
Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
T+4' (0)61 6909797
20144 Milan, Italy
F +44(0)1708 524 389
E strnate@dircon.co.uk
Solar Century Holdings Ltd F+4' (0)61 6909790
Tilder , Henk
www.stairmate.co.uk
Unit 5, Sandycombe Centre
Stichting Art Depot
c/o Municipality of Almere,
1-9Sandycombe Road
Frans Halsstraat 3
Flevoland, Netherlands
Sant, Roy Richmond, Surrey, UK
5062 LJOisterwijk
67 Wil berforce Road T +44(0)8707358100
Netherlands
Titan Design Studio
London N4 2SP, UK F +44(0)870 735 8101
see Bansod, Abhijit
TfF +44(0)207704 1592 Ej l @solarcent ury.co. uk
Sugasawa, Mitsumasa
Tolstrup , Nina
Schneider, Wulf, Prof.,
www.solarcentry.co.uk
(J apan)
47 Warwick Mount
and Partners Southampton
Esugaeatendo-mckko.coIp
Montague Street
Schellbergstrasse62 Innovations Limited
Suppanen, IIkka
Brighton, East Sussex
70188Stuttgart, Germany
University of Southampt on
Studio IIkkaSuppanen
BN2 11Y, UK
Schreuder, Hans
Highfield, Southampton
Punavuorenkatu 1A7 b
TfF +44(0)1273 570 '79
MaY Concept & Design
Hampshire 50171B), UK
00120 Helsinki, Finland
E tolstru p@st udiom ama.com
Arnhem, Netherlands
T +44(0)23 8059 2035
T +358 9622 78737 www.studtornama.com
Einfo@moy.nl
F+44(0)2380593585
F +358 9622 3093
Topen, Paul
Einfo@sll uk.com
Esuppanen@kolumbus.fi
c/o Designed to a 'I' Ltd
Seiko Epson Corporation
www.southamptoninnovations
Sylvania Design Team 11 Maxwell Gds, Orpington
(japan) .com
Sylvania Lighting Kent BR6 90R, UK
www.epson.cojp/e/
Stachowicz, Wojtek International T +44(0)1689831400
Seymour Powell Limited 241 6 54th Place SW #15
20 Routede Pre-Bois
F+44 (0)16896093
01
The Chapel Seattle, WA 98116, USA 1215 Geneva 15 www. daat .demon.co.uk
Archei Road
Starck, Philippe
Switzerland
Trachsel, Sonja
London w14 90H, UK
Agence Philippe Starck
T +4' (0)22]170895
Av. de [ur igoz 2
T +44(0)207381 6433
27 Rue Pierre Pol;
www.sylvanta.com
CH 1006 Lausanne
F+44(0)20 73819081
92130Issy-Ies-Moulineaux Tam, Roy Switzerland
Edesign@seymourpowell.co.uk
France c/ o Trannon Furniture
T +4' (0)2'6013894
8
Designers, Designer-makers
Trubridge, Davi d
T +1 2062890949 Wannet, Edwin NE6 5TD, UK
44 Margaret Avenue
F +1 206789 J144 c/o Design Academy
TtF +44 (0)'9' 224J850
.j>.
Havelock North
www.designresource.org Ei ndhoven
Wurz, Gerard
0
New Zealand
Veloland Schweiz
Emmasi ngel 14
;;0
Tt
F
+64(0)6 87746 84
St iftu ng Veloland Schwei z
PO Box 2125
Teschniergasse 17 III
A 1170Vienna, Austri a
III
Etrubridge@dear.net.nz
Post fach 8275
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
0
c
http:/ t home.clear.nel.nzt pages.
CH301 Bern, Switzerland
Nethe rl ands
T +4J (0)40721 25
;:;
trubridge
T +4' (O)Jl J074740
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J939
Yamanaka, Kazuhiro
III
III
Univers ity of Eindhoven
Einfo@veloland.ch
F+Jl (0)40 2J93940
27 Burnley Road
(Buil di ng In it iat ive
www.veloland.ch
Einfo@designacademy.nl
London NWlOlEE, UK
Environmental St andards)
Velthuizen , A J
www.designacademy.nl
T +44 (0)20 8452 J0l8
c/o Design Academy
Warren, William
E kaz@ma.kew.net
Eur op ean Design Centre
Eindhoven
PO Box 6279
ww.modcons
Yurkievich, Gaspard
Emmasi ngel 14
5600 HG Ei nd hoven
Unit s ab + 2C
(Paris) c/o Tencel
PO Box 2125
Net herl ands
Vanguard Court
Acordis Fibr es
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
T +J1 (0) 408484848
36 Peckham Road
(Holdings) Ltd, UK
Net herl ands
F+Jl (O) 408484844
London SE5 8QT. UK
www.acordis.com
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J9J9
Einfo@edc.nl
TtF +44 (0)2077084154
www.tencel.com
F+J1 (0)40 2J9 J94
0
WeL L Desig n Associates
Zanussi Ind ustrial
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Vi nk, Frits, Ing
Hu is ter Heidewe g 56
Design Cent re (Italy)
www.designacademy.nl
Eusebiusbuitensinge l 37
3705 LZ Zeist
Elect rolux Zanussi
University of
6828 NX Arnhem
Netherl ands
c/o AB Elect rol ux
Technology Delft
Netherl ands
T +3' (0)306925544
Elect rol ux Group
j affal aan 9
Tt F +Jl (0)261684 20
Einfo@welldesign.nl
Environmental Affair s
2628 BX Delft, Netherl ands
Evink.design@atagmail.nl
www.welldesign.nl
10545 Stockholm
van de Voorde, Patrick
VK & C Part nersh i p
Wettstein , Robert A
Sweden
c/ o Phil ips Lighti ng BV
(Ian Cardnuff and
Struct ur e Design
T +46 (0)87387666
Haarmanweg 25
Hamid von Kot en)
Josefstra sse 188
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2/2 248 Woodl ands Road
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E environmental.affairs
Netherlands
Glasgow G36ND, UK
T +4' (0)1272 9725
@electrolux.se
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Tt F +44 (0)141 JJ22049
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Zbryk , Burges
F+3' (0)115684448
Vogelzang, Ma rije
Erobert.wettstetntp gmx.ch
c/ o Int ernat ional Desi gn
Erene.abein@philips.com c/ o Design Academy
www.change.tojcomfort
Resource Awards (t DRA)
van Maanen, Martijn
Eindhoven Wie gand, Lorenz
Design Resour ce Inst it ut e
c/o Design Academ y
Emmasingel ia Pool Produ cts
740 6AGreenwood Avenue
Eindhoven
PO Box 2125 Metzerstr asse 19
Seatt le. WA 98177. USA
Ernmasingel ta
5600 CC Ei ndhoven 10405 Berlin , Germany
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PO Box 2125
Netherl ands T +49 (o)Jo 440 555 16
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5600 CC Ei ndhoven
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Zi ll ig, Michel
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c/o Design Academy
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www.designacademy.nl
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Ei nd hoven
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Vuarnesson, Bernard
20121 Mi lan, It aly
Emmasingel ia
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Sculptures-j eux T +J90 (0)2 6599990
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vanSeveren, Martin
18 Rue Dom at F+J90 (0)2 657 1058
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75005 Paris
Emarina wiesendanger
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Systems GmbH
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Hangbaumst rasse '3
Walpole, Loi s Will i amson, Damia n
3
22
57 Bunde, Germany
100 Fairh ur st Road Biorneborgsvagen ' 3
T +49 (0)5221 7684 17
Londo n E3 4EH, UK 12263 Enskede
F+49 (0)52217684 20
TtF +44 (0)20 75156014 Stockholm, Sweden
WWw. variopac,com
Wan ders, Marcel
T +44 (0)20 88744046 (UK)
Varney, James Van Diemenstraat 296
T +46 (0)86 49 11 J1
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(Stockholm)
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Wilson, Neil
eSlgn Resource Instit ut e T +J1 (0)20422 1JJ9
180 Sackvil le Road
7406AGreenwood Avenue F+Jl (0)204227519
Heat on
Seatt le, WA 98177. USA
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2 Shelford Place Muggenhofer Strasse ' 35 Alfred Karcher Strasse 28-40 Post fach 1
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Lond on N16 9HS 904 29 Nuremberg
71364 Winnenden CH3326 Krauchtal,
rn UK Germany
German y
Switzerl and
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0 T +44 (0)2079230222 T +49 (0)911 3231/0
T +49 (0)711 142310
T +4' (0)34 411 1417
c
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F+44 (0)2079232467 F+49 (0)911 3232283/1770
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Arbor Vitae
til
AlineaAtelier, AG
3M DeutschlandGmbH
www.aeg hausgeraete.de
see Berkowitz , Adam
Carl-Schurz-Str asse 1 aerodynEnergiesysteme GmbH
Zahringerstrasse '4
Brooklyn, New York
4'453 Neuss Provianthausst rasse 9
CH 4007 Basel
USA
Germany 24768 Rendsburg
Switzerland
T +49 (0)2131 14 3461 Germany
T +4' (0)61 690 9797
Arizona Fibers Marketing
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All PaperRecycling, Inc.
Scottsdale, AZ85258-5040
USA
ABGLtd AeroVironment, Inc. 502 ath Avenue NW
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Unit E7, Meltham Mil ls Rd Corporate HQ New Prague, MN 56071-1141
F+1 6024434917
Mel tham 825 S. Myrtle Dr
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ArmstrongWorld
UK USA
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Industries, Inc.
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2500 Columbia Ave
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Amasec Airfil
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518Iberia Parkway
www.aeroevironment.com
Unit 1, Colliery Lane Lancaster, PA 17603
New Iberia, LA 70563 Aga-Rayburn
Exhall, Coventry USA
USA PO Box 30
Warwicksh ire cv7 9NW T +17173970611
T +13183678542 Ketley, Telford
UK
F+1 71 7396 2787
Eduracane@bellsouth.net Shropshire TFl 4DD
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www.armstrong.com
Acordis Speciality
UK
F+44 (0)1203 644325 ArtemideSpA
FibresjAcordis Fibres
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American Excelsior Company
Via Bergamo 18
(Holdings) Ltd (UK)
F+44 (0)1952 641961
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20010 Pregnana Milanese
www.acordis.com
www.aga-rayburn.co.uk
850 Ave H East
Italy
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USA
AstroPower, Inc.
Advanced Elastomer
25620 RyeCanyon Road
T +18176403563and
Corporate HQ
Systems L P
Valencia, CA913555
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461 Wyoming Road
388 S. Main St
USA
F+1817640 3570/ 1555
Solarpar k
Akron , OH 44311
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www.amerexcel.com
Newark, DE 19716-2000
USA
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T +1800 3058070
E info@airbox.com
Ampair Ltd
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F+1330 849 5599 Akzo Nobel Decorative
17Windermere Road
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Southampton www.astropower.com
Advanced Environmental
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Hampsh ire soi x 3PE
AuroPaints Ltd
Recycli ngTechnologies, Inc.
T +46 (0)40355000
UK
Unit 2, Pamphil lions Farm
801 N_j efferson Street
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Purton End, Debden
PO Box 1237 Alden& Ott
F+44 (0)2380476821 Saffron Walden
Springdale , AR72765 616 E. Brook Dr ive
E interworld@cwcom.net Essex CB11 3JT
USA Arlington Heights
AmticoCompany Ltd, The
UK
T +1 501 7501299 IL 60005-4622
Kingfield Road
T +44 (0)1799 543 077
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Coventry
F+44 (0)1799 542187
E aertsales@sat.net T +1800 552-INKS
Warwickshire cv6 5AA
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www.choicedek.com
F+1708 9566909
UK
www.auroorganic.co.uk
Advanced Vehicle Design
www.aldenottink.com
AuroPfIanzenchemie AG
T +44 (0) 24 76861400
L&M Business Park Alessi SpA
F +44 (0) 2476861552
Alte Frankfurter Str. 211
Norman Road Vi a Privata Alessi 6
Ecustomer.services
8122 Braunschweig
Alt rincham
28882 Crusinallo (VB)
@amtico.co.uk
German y
Cheshire WA14 4[ S, UK Italy
www.stratica.com
T +49 (0)53' 28
14141
T +44 (0)1619285575 T +39(0)323868611
www.amtico.com
F+49 (0)53' 28
1
4
161
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@
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Ekhobbs@biochemsys.com BOC Switze rland
www. biochemsys.com Michael House T +4' (0)71 4669494

GmbH
47 Baker Street F+4' (0)71466 94 95
o
Max Eyth Strasse 30 Biocorp ;>J
7
1088
Holzerl i ngen 2619 M anhatt an
London W1AION, UK
BTM International Ltd
tb
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Germa ny Beach Blvd
T +44 (0)20 79)5 4422
Fosseway
0
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0)1
68
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5 Redondo Beach, CA 90278 Body Shop Int ern at io nal pic Midsomer Nort on
n
F+49 (0)70)' 680599 USA Wat ersmead Bat h BA3 4AY, UK
tb
Vl
www.authentics.de T +1888206 5658 Litt leham pton T +44 (0)1761414824
Avant de Dormi r
F+1) 10 64) 1622 West Sussex BN17 6LS, UK F+44 (0)17614'9 472
Via Turat i 3
Einfo@biocorpusa.com T +44 (0)190) 7)1500
Ebtm@jarvis-uk.com
20121 Milan, Ital y
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BioFab LLC/ Paci fi c
www.bodyshop.com
Buchner Design St ud io
www.avantdedormir.com
Gold Board Bopp Leuchten GmbH 1030 Quesada Avenue
Baccarn e bvba
PO Box 990556 Postfach 1160 San Franc isco , CA94' 24
Baccarne Design
Reddi ng, CA96099 -0556 74835 Lim bach
USA
Gentbruggekout er
USA Germany T + 1 4158227300
9050 Gent
T +15)024 ) 40)2 T +49 (0)62879206 0
Buderus He iztechni k GmbH
Belgium
F+15)0244 ) 241
BP Amoco pic Sophienstrasse 30-32
T +)2 (0)92)24421
Einfo@ricestraw.com
Brita nni c House 35576 Wetzlar
F+)2 (0)9 2)244 )0
www.strawhoard.com
, Finsbury Cir cus Germany
Ebaccarne@planeU nternet.be
Bioshield Paint Company London EC2M7BA, UK T +49 (0)6441418
Baleri It ali a
'365 Rufina Circle www.bp.com F+49 (0)644145602
Via F. Cavallotti 8
Santa Fe, NM 87505
BP Solar International Bulo Office Furni t ure
20122 Milan, Ital y
USA
PO Box '9'
Industriezo ne Noord B6
T +)9 (0)2 76 0146 72 T +15054)8 )448
Cher t sey Road 2900 Mechelem, Belgium
F+)9 (0)27
6 0144 1
9
F +15054)801 99
Sunbury-on-Thames T +)2 (0)15282828
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Eedesignco@aol.com
Middlesex TW,6 7XA, UK F+)2 (0}15 2828 29
Bamboo Hardwoods, Inc.
www. bioshieldpaint.com
T +44(0) '9)277954)
Einfor@bulo.be
3834 ath Ave Sou t h
Biotec F+44(0) 19)276268 6
Burch
Seatt le, WA98134, USA
Biol ogi sche www.bpsolar.com
c/o Domestic Growers
T +'206264 24'4/ ) 610
Naturverpackungen GmbH
BP Solarex Supply
Edoug@bamboohardwoods.com
Bl inder Weg 30
630 Solarex Court Cave Junction, OR, USA
www.bamboohardwoods.com
Emmerich
Frederi ck, Mo 2' 703, USA T +154' 592 )615
Beacon Print Limited
PO Box 100220
T +1)016984200
Business Lines Ltd
Brambleside
Germany
F+1) 016984201
Harcourt St reet
Bellbrook Park
T +49 (0)282292)10
BREE Collection GmbH Walkden, Worsley
F +49 (0)28225)7265
Uckfie ld
Ebiotecgmbh@t-online.de
&Co. KG Manchester M28 3GN
East Sussex TN22 ' PL, UK
Gerberstrasse 3 UK
T +44 (0)182576811
Blackwall ltd
309,6lsernhagen/Kirchorst T +44 (0)1204576334
F+44 (0)18257680)42
10 Glover Way
Germany
Einfor@checkpoint-safety.com
Eprint@beaconpress.co.uk
Parkside, Leeds
T +49 (0)51)689760
www.checkpoint-safety.com
Bedroc k Industries
W. Yorks LSll 51P, UK
F+49 (0)51)68976 229
BUT
'401 West Garfi eld
T +44 (0)11)2761646
Ebree.collection@bree.de
81 Lothair Road North
Seattle, WA 98119, USA
F+44 (0)11) 271 )08)
www.breecollection.de
London N4 , ER, UK
T +12062 8) 762\
Eblackwall.ltd@virgin.net
Brompton Bicycle Ltd T +44 (0)20 8)417776
F+1206 28) 0497 BMWAG
Kew Bridge Distr ibut ion
Bute Fabrics Ltd
Ebedrockind@uswest.net BMW-Haus Petuelring 130
Cent re
c/o Caro Communicat ion s
www- bedrockmdustries.ccrn 80788 Munich
Lionel Road, Brent ford
First Floor
Benza,lnc.
Germany
Middlesex TW89QR, UK
49-59 Ol d Street
4'3 W. '4 St #30'
T/F +49 (0)89 )820/
T +44 (0)20 82) 28484
Lon don EClY9HX, UK
New York, NY100'4, USA
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F +44 (0)20 82)2 8181
T +44 (0)2072\1 9112
T +1 21224 34047
Ebmwinfo@bmw.de
www.bromptonbicycle.co.uk
F+44 (0}20 7490 5757
www.bmw.com
F+121224) 4689
Br ook Hansen Epr@carocom.demon.co.uk
Ehelp@ben2adesign.com BMW (GB) ltd
St Thomas Road
Cabka Plast
WWw.benzadesign.com Ellesfi eld Avenue
Huddersfi eld
Kunstst offv erarbeit ungs GmbH
BioChem Syst ems
Bracknell
West Yorkshi re HO' 30u, UK
Berkshi re RG12 8TA, UK
Neue Wei nsteige 7'
3511 N. Oh io T +44 (0)'484422 150
70,80 St utt gart, Germany
Wichita, KS 672'9
T +44 (0}1)44480 ) 20
F+44 (0)1)44 480 )06
Bruggli Produktion T +49 (0)711 2489980
USA
& Dienstleistung F+49 (0)711 248998 18
T +1 )168)8 47)9
Epress.bmw@bmwgroup.co.uk
www.press.bmwgroup.com
Hofstrasse 5 Ecabkaeorecover-group.de
F +1316 832 1211
CH 8590 Romanshorn
www.recover-group.de
8
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Campana Objetos
Rua Barao de Tat ui 219
Sao Paulo 01226030
Brazil
T +55 (0)1136 6641 52
F +55 (0) 1182 53408
Canon, Inc.
Design Cent re
3-30 -2 Shimomaruko
Ota-ku
Tokyo 146-8501
Japan
T +81 (0)3 37582111
F +81 (0)35482 9711
E fukujr@drc.canon.co.jp
Canon (UK) Limited
Wood hatch
Reigate, Surrey RHZ 8SF
UK
T +44 (0)1737220 000
F +44 (0) 1737220 022
www.canon.co.uk
Cappellini Arte/Capelli ni SpA
Via Marcon i 35
22060 Arosio, Italy
T +39 (0)3' 759 111
F +39 (0)3
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763322 / 763 333
Ecappell ini@cappell ini .it
www.cappellini.it
Cargill Dow Polymers -
EcoPLA Business Unit
PO Box 5698
Minneapolis
MN 55440-5698, USA
T +1 6127 42 6194
F +16124756208
EPublicRela tions@cargill.com
www.cargill.com
Carrington Performance
Fabri cs
Calder Works
Thornh ill Road
Dewsbury
West Yorkshire
WFl2 90 0 , UK
T +44 (0)1924 465161
F +44 (0)1924457596
www.carrington-pf co.uk
Ceccotti Collezioni sri
PO Box 90
Viale Sicil ia 4
Cascina
560 21 Pisa, It aly
T +39 (0)50 701 955
F +39 (0) 50 703 970
Einfo@ceccotti. i t
www.ceccotti.it
Celotex Ltd
Warwick House
27/3' St Mary' s Road
Ealing, London w5 5PR, UK
8
T +44 (0)2085790811
F +44 (0)20 8579 0106
www.celotex.co.uk
Cent riforce Products -
Chisho lm Plastics Ltd
14-16 Derby Road
Liverpool
Merseyside l20 8EE
UK
T +44 (0)1512076221
F +44 (0)151 2981319
E sales@centriforce.co.uk
www.centnforce.com
Centriforce Products -
Plastic Recycling Ltd
86 Blackpole Tradi ng Estate
Worcester
Worcs WR38s0, UK
T +44 (0}1905 455410
F +44 (0)1905754708
E sales@centriforce.co.uk
www.centnforce.com
Cerestar USA, Inc.
110 Indianapolis Blvd
Hammond
IN46320-1019, USA
T +12196592000
F +1 219 4736607
www.cerestar.com
Charles Lawrence
Recycling Ltd
Jessop Way
Newark Industria l Estate
Newark, Nott inghamshire
NG24 2ER, UK
T +44 (0) 1636 610 680
F +44 (0)1636 610 222
E recycling@c1gpl c.co.uk
Chicago Adhesive
Products Comp any
4658 West Seth Street
Chicago, Il 60629, USA
T +1 773 581 '300
ClassiCon
8 Perchtingger Strasse
81379 Munich
German y
E info@c1assicon.com
www.da ssicon.com
Clearvision Lightin g Limited
Unit 2
Ell iott Park Indust rial Estate
Eastern Road
Aldershot
Hampshi re GU12 4TF, UK
T +44 (0)1252344 all
F +44 (0)1252 344 066
Esales@clearvisionlighting.co.uk
Clivus Multrum,
Kingsley Clivus
Kingsley House
Woods ide Road
Boyatt Wood Tradi ng
Estate Eastleigh
Hampsh ire S050 4 ET, UK
T +44 (0)1703 615 680
F +44 (0)1703642 613
Color Trends , Inc.
5129 Ballard Ave NW
Seatt le, WA 98107
USA
T +1 206 789 1065
Columbia, USA/Comarco
Wireless Technologies, Inc.
2 Crowell St reet
Irvine, CA92618, USA
T +1 949 599 7400
F +' 949 599' 415
Ecallinfo@comarco.com
Compak Systems ltd
Toor St reet
Gainsborough
Lincolnshire ON21 2EG, UK
T +44 (0)142761 6927
Compaq Computer
Corporat ion
PO Box 692000
Hous ton, TX 77269-2000
USA
T +1 281 370 0670
F +1 281 514 1740
www.compaq.com
Concord Light ing
Avis Way
Newhaven
East Sussex BN9 OED, UK
T +44 (0)1273 515811
F +44 (0)1273 512688
E concord.intsalesja sylvania-
lightin g.com
Corbin Motors, Inc.
2350 Technology Parkway
Holli ster, CA95023
USA
T + 1831 635 1033
F +1 831 635 1039
www.corbinmctcrs.com
Corn Card Internat ion al, Inc.
PO Box 239
Chapman, NE68827
USA
T +1 3089463662
www.comcard.ccm
Correx Plastics
Madleaze Industrial Estate
Bristol Road
Gloucester
Gloucestershire, Gll 5SG. UK
T +44 (0)1452316500
F +44 (0)1452 300 436
Crane & Company
30 South Street
Dalton, MA 012 26
USA
T +14 136846495
www.crane.com
Crowe Building Products
116 Burris Street
Hamilton
ONTI BM 2JS, Canada
T +1 905 529 6818
F +1 905 529'755
www.authentic-roof.com
Curtis Fine Papers
Guardsbridge
St Andrews
Fife KYl6 OG9
UK
T +44 (0)1334 839 551
www.curt i sfi nepapers.com
Cutouts
llA Lower Boston Road
Hanwell
London W7 3SF, UK
T +44 (0)20 8567 2847
F +44 (0)20 8579 7374
E cutou ts.london@vi rgin.net
Daimler Chrysler
Epplestrasse 225
70546 Stutt gart, Germany
T +49 (0)711170
F +49 (0)7111722 2 44
Ediaolog@daimlerchrysler.com
www.daimlerchrysler.com
Daimler Chrysler (Japan)
www.daimlerchrysler.co.j p
Daimler Chrysler UK Ltd
Tongwell
Milt on Keynes
Bedfordshire MK15 8SA, UK
T +44 (0)1908 301 000
F +44 (0)1908 664 35'
www.daimlerchrysler.co.uk
Daiml er Chrysler
Corpo ration
Auburn Hills, MI48326- 2766
USA
T +1 248 576 5741
F +1 248 5764742
www.daimlerchrysler.com
Dalsouple Direct Limited
PO Box '40
Bridgewater
Somerset TA5 1HT
UK
T +44 (0)1984667233
F +44 (0) 1984 667 366
E info @dalsou ple.com
Dalto n Lucerne Rare
Fibres Ltd
The Homestea d Farm
Bakestonedale Road
Potts Shrigley
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Maccl esfi eld
New York, NY100'4 Durex T +1 5054383448
Cheshire SK'O 5RU, UK
USA
SSL Int ernat ional F +15054380199
.j:>
T+44 (0)16
2
557
2
3
81 T +1 2128868100
Toft Hal l
Eecodesign@aol.com
0
F+44 (0)162\ \7
2
3
81 +1 800 221 1540
Toft Road, Knutsford
Ecole cantonale d'art
;0
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www.dtex.com
Cheshire wA, 6 9PD, UK
de Lausanne
Vl
Danese sri
0
T +44 (0)1\65624 000
46 Rue de l'lndustrie
c
see Al ias sri
Deutsche Bahn AG

Via dei Videt t ei 2 Metropolitan Express Train
F +44 (0)1\6\ 624099
CH 1030 Bussigny n>
www.durex.com
Vl
Grumell o del Mont e GmbH, gmp
Switzerland
24
064
Bergamo, Italy von Gerkan Marg und
Dyes dLW Buroein- T +4' (0)21702 9' 11
T +39 (0 35442 0240 Partner Architeken
richtungen GmbH F +4' (0)21702 9100
F+39 (0)3\ 44
2
099
6
Elbchaussee '39
Am Deist erbahnhof 6
Ecologic, Inc.
Dasic Internatio nal Ltd
22763 Hamburg, Germany
Bad Munder
"40 Elizabet h Avenue
Winchester Hill Deutsche Heraklith GmbH
Germany
Waukegan, IL 60085
Romsey Heraklith Strasse 8
T +49 (0)\042 \ 010
USA
Hampshire
84359 Simachj l nn
F+49 (0)\042 \01 11 7
T +1800 899 8004
S05' 7YD, UK
Germany
Dyson Appl i ances +1847244 4466
T+44 (0)1794 5
12
4
1
9
E m.hchmann -maier
c/o 20 Shawf ield Str eet F +1847244 \977
F+44 (0)1794 \2234
6
@heraklilh.com
London sw3 4BD, UK
E info@ecologic.com
David Zyne Productio ns
T +44 (0)2078838244
www.ecologicfurniture.com
clo100% Rubber
DMD www.dyson.com
Ecostar, Inc.
Dalsouple Direct Lim ited
Par kweg ' 4
Earth Chair (USA)
230 Center Dr ive # 20'
PO Box ' 40
227' AJ Voo rburg
Evp@earthchair.com
Vern on Hil ls, IL 6006,
Bridgewater
Net herl ands
www.earthchair.com
USA
Somerset TA5 'HT, UK
T +3' (0)703864038
Eastman Chemical
T +1800 211 7170
T +44(0)1984667233
F +3' (0)70 387397\
Company
F+1800 780 9870
F+44 (0)1984667366 Do mus Academy
too Nor th East man Road
www.ecostarinc.com
Einfo@dalsouple.com Via Savona 97
PO Box 5"
Ecover
Deep ECompany
20'44 Milan, Italy
Kingsport, TN37662-575
UK Promotions
404 NW roth Ave
T +39 (0)2424 14001 USA
2' Cast le Street
Suite 201
F+39( 0)242 2 2\2\ T + 1 423 229 2000
Bright on
Por tland, OR97209, USA
Einfo@domusacademy.com
F+1615229"93
East Sussex BN' 2HD, UK
T +1 8882333373
www.domusacademy.com www.eastman.com T +44 (0)1273206 997
F+1\03299 628
Dri ade SpA (Aleph) eco-ball
F+44(0)1273206 973
Einfo@deepeco.com
Via Ancona '1'
Bi rchwood House
Ebeasley@pavilion.co.uk
www. deepeco.com
2012' Milan, Italy Briar Lane, Croydon
Ecover Products NV
DEKA Research & T +39(0)2 72023203
Surrey CRO 5AD,UK
Indust rieweg 3
Development Corporat io n F+39 (0)2 72002434
T +44 (0)208777 3'21
2390 Malle, Belgiu m
340 Commercial Street
Dumfries Plastics
F +44 (0)20 8777 3393
Ehlebra cht AG
Manc hester, NH 310'
Recycling Ltd
Einfo@ecozone.co.uk
Werkstra sse 7
USA
College Road
www.ecQl one.co.uk
32'3Enger, Germany
T+1603669 \139
Dumf ries DG2OBU, UK
Eco Sol ut io ns Ltd T +49 (0)\ 22318\ 192
F+1603 6240573
T +44 (0)1387 247110
Summerleaze House F+49 (0)\223 18\ '93
www.dekaresearch.com
F +44 (0)1387247109
Chu rch Road
Einfo@ehlebracht-ag.com
Design Academy Eindhoven
DuPont (UK) Limited
Wi nscombe
www.ehlebracht-ag.com
Emmasingel i a
North Somerset
Electrolux
PO Box 2'25
Wedgewood Way
BS25 ' BH, UK
AB Elect rol ux
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Stevenage
T +44 (0)1934844484
Electr olux Group
Net herl ands
Hertfordshi re SG' 4QN
F+44 (0)1934844 "9
Environment al Affairs
T +3' (0)40 239 3939
UK
Ehomestrip@ecosolutions.co.uk
105 45 Stockholm , Sweden
F+3' (0)40 2393940
T +44 (0)'438734000 www.ecosolutions.co.uk
T +46 (0)87387666
Einfo@designacademy.nl
F+44 (0)1438374836
Eco Ti mber Internati onal F+46 (0)8 738 0\ 98
WWw.designacademy.nl
DuPont (USA) ,o20 Hei nz Avenue Eenvironmental.affairs
Designed to a 't' Ltd
E info@du pont.com Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
@elect rol ux.se
11 Maxwel l Cd s
www.dupont.com T +1510\49 3000
Elect rot ext i les Ltd
Orp ingt on
Dural ay Ltd
E ecot imber@i gc.apc-org
Pinewood Stud ios
Kent BR6 9QR, UK
Broadway
www.ecotimber.org
Pi newood Road
T +44 (0)1689 831400
Hasl ingden EcoD esign Iver, Bucks SLOONH, UK
F+44 (0)1689 609 30l
Rossend ale (The Nat ural Choice) T +44 (0)8700727272
YiWW.d2at.demon.co.uk
Lancashi re BB44LS, UK '3 65 Rufin a Cir
F+44 (0)8700727273
DesignTex, Inc ,
T +44 (0)1706213 '3
'
Sant a Fe, NM 8755-2964
Eincoming@electrotextiles,com
200 Varick St, 8th floor www.duralay.co.uk
USA
www.electrotextiles.com
@
Manufacturers andSuppliers
Elf Atochem
84088 Neufahrn Fiat Auto UK
Float Up VP
.j:o.
2000 Market St Germany
Fiat House 244 Grays Inn Road
0
Ste 2200
T +49 (0)8773 18' 33
266 Bath Road, Slough Lon don WC1X 8jR, UK
;0
Technica l Polymers Division
F +49 (0)8773 18140
Ber kshi re Sl1 4H/, UK T +44 (0)2072786971
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1I1
Phi ladel phia, PA '9103-3399 E info@erlus.de
T+44 (0)1735 511 43' F+44 (0)2078330018
0
c
USA
www.erlus.de
F +44 (0)1735511 471 Efloatupvp@ BTinternet.com ('j
(ll T +1800 2257788
Escofet 1886 SA
Filsol Limited Flow Control Water
1I1
F +'2154'97400
Ronda Universitat 20
Unit '5 , Pont henr i
Conservation
www.etf-alochem.com
E 08007 Barcelona
Indust rial Est ate
Cons ervation House
Enbiomass Group, Inc .
Spain
Pont henr i
Bright on St reet
2229 Mason Poi nt Place
T +34(0)933185050
Carmart henshi re SA15 5RA
Walla sey
Wi lmington, NC28405-5276
F +34(0)934124465
UK
Merseysi de CH44 6Qj
USA
Eescofet@escofet.com
T+44 (0)1269860229
UK
T +19102563998 www.escofet@escofet.com
F +44 (0)1269860 979
T+44 (0)1516388811
EnPac
Europol
Einfo@f1lsl.co.uk
F+44 (0)151 6384137
34355Vokes Drive Unit ' 9A
Findlay Industries
Forbo-Nairn Ltd
Eastl ake, OH44095-0047 Hilt on Industr ial Estat e
PO Box 1
USA
Sutt on Lane, Hil ton,
4000 Fostoria Ave
Kirkcaldy
T +180093672 29 Derbyshir e
Find lay, OH45840
Fife KYl 2SB
F +1440 9750047 oE655fE
USA
Scot land , UK
E info@e npak.com UK T +1419422132
T+44 (0)1592 643 111
www.enpac.com
T +44 (0)1283730355{730 354
Fingermax Gbr
F +44(0)1592 643999
Environmental Polymers
Etjackson@polytec.co.uk
Pestalozzistrasse 54
Ford Motor Company
Group pic FanWing 80469 Munich
Customer Relationshi p
4 Cranford Court P. Pebbles
Germany
Center
Hardwick Grange Via Mandriola 10
T{F+49 (0)89 267417
PO Box 6248
Warrington
00193 Rome
www.ftngermax.de
Dearborn, MI 48126
Cheshire WAl 4RX Italy
Fish Guidance Systems
USA
UK
T/F +39 (0)67 136263
Chase M ill
www.ford.com
T+44 (0)1925859 300 Einfo@fa nwing.co m
Winchester Road
Frandsen Lyskilde AS
F +44 (0)1925 859311 www.fanwing.com
Einfo@epgplc.com
Feldmann & Schultchen
Southampt on
8-10lndustrivej
Hampshire S032 lAH
OK-874 Braedstrup www.epgplc.com
7 Ti mmerm annstr asse
UK Denmark
Environmental Stone
22299 Hamburg
T +44 (0)1489893323 T +45(0)76581818
Products
Germany
F+44 (0)1489893831 F +45(0)76 5818'9
PO Box 904
T +49(0)40 5'0000
Efgs@f1shguide.com www.frandsen-lyskrlde.dk
6600 Midland Cou rt
F +49 (0)40517000
www.fish-guide.com
Franmar Chemical, Inc. All enton, WI 5302 www.fsdesign.de
USA
Festo AG & Co.
Fiskeby Board Ltd 105 East Lincoln
T+1888629 1629
Corporat e Design
Lloyd Berkeley Place
PO Box 92
Ewebmaster@
KC-Cl , Heugasse 1
Pebble Lane
Nor mal, IL 61761
environmentalstone.com
73726 Essl i ngen
Aylesbury
USA
www.environmentalstone.com
Germany
Buckinghamshir e HP20 2jH
T+13094527526
Env iroSafe Products, Inc .
T +49 (0)711 3473880
UK
T+1800 5385069
www.franmar.com
81 Winant Place
F +49 (0)711 3473889
T +44 (0)1296426219
Staten Island Etem@festo.com F +44 (0)1296482682 Fredericia Furniture AIS
New York, NY10309 -13" www.festo.com www.frskeby.com Trelde vej 183
USA
Fiam Italia SpA Flamco
OK-7000 Freder icia
T+17189847272
Vi a Ancona l IB
PO Box " 5
Den mark
F +17189841083
61010 Tavull ia
2800 AC Gouda
T +45(0)759233 44
www.voicenet.com/- rusw/ prc/
Pesor o
Net herl ands
F+45(0)7592 3876
rpg{plaslumb.htm
It aly
T +3' (0)182591800
Eml@fredericra.com
www.fredericia.com
Epson Deutschland GmbH
T +39(0)7212005'
F+3' (0)182522557
Free-Flow Packaging
Zulpicher Str asse 6
F +39 (0)721 202432
Flint Ink
40549 Dusseldorf Efiam@fiamitalia.it International , Inc .
Germany
www.f ia rnitaha.it
245 East Marie Ave
1090 Mills Way
T +49 (0)211 56030
Fiat Auto Spa
West St Paul, MN 55118
Redwood Cit y, CA 94063
F +49 (0)211 5047787
USA
USA
Corso G Agnel l i
www.epson.de
10010 Tonno, It aly
T+16515523217
T +18008883725
Erlus Baustoffwerke AG
T +39(0)11 685""
F +16514552611
T +16503611771
Esfleld@ninlink.com
Etsutton@fpintl.com
Haupt str asse 106
F+39 (0)11 6837591
www .flmnnk.corn
www.fpintl.com
8
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Freepl ay Energy
E gervasoni@ud.nettuno. it USA Habitat
Europe Limited
www.mfotech.ttr gervasc n!
T +1651552 )217 196 Tott enham Court Road
.j>.
Cirencest er Busi ness Park
Gibson Gu itars
Ejeff@greenfieldpaper.com London W1P9LD, UK
0
Love Lane 309 Plus Park Blvd
www.greenfieldpaper.com
;:0
T+44 (0)207255)6)6 I1l
Gloucester Nash vil le, TN 37217
VI
GreenDisk
F+44 (0)20 7255600 2
0
GLl l XD USA
<:
16398 NE85th Street
Epresscahabrtat.co.uk
n
UK T+16158714500
Suite 100
I1l
T+44 (0)
1285
659559
F+16158895509
Hahn Kunststoffe GmbH
VI
F+44(0)1
285
659559 www.gibson.com
Redmond, WA98052
Flugplatz Hahn
USA
Efreeplay@lineone.net
Glas Platz
Cebaude 1027
www.freeplay.net
T+142588) 9165
55483 Lautzenhausen
Freuden berg Bui ldi ng
Eckenhagener Strasse 16
+1800 )05 )475
Germany
51580 Reichshof-Allenbach
F+142588) 0425
Systems (Division of
Germany
www.greendisk.com
T +49 (0)654) 9886 a
Freuden berg Nonwovens LP)
T+49 (0)2261 55557
F +49 (0)654) 9886 97
Lutt erwort h
F+49 (0)226156717
Greenwood Cotton
Einfo@hahnkunststoffe.de
Leicestershi re
Eglas-platz@mail.oberberg.de
Insulation Products, Inc .
Hans Grohe GmbH
lE174DU PO Box 1017
UK
Glindower Ziegelei GmbH
Greenwood, sc 29648-1017
& Co. KG
T+44(0)1455261 240
Alpenstrasse 47
USA
Aues trasse 5-9
F+44 (0)145555
6
5
z9
14542 Glindow
T + 1800 5461))2
77761 Schiltach
Enorauk@freudenberg.com
Germany
F+18009424814
Germany
Fritz Hansen A/S
T+49 (0)))27 66490
T +49 (0)78)6511211
F+49 (0)))2742662 Gridcore Systems
Fritz-Hansen UK
E info@glindowerziegelei.de International (GSI)
F +49 (0)78)651 1170
20-22 Rosebery Aven ue
www.glindowerziegelei.de
'4Canal Avenue
Epressestelle@hansgrohe.com
London ECl R4SX
Gloria-Werke
Long Beach, CA 90813
www. hansgrohe.com
UK
see H. Schu lte-Frankenfeld
USA Harwood Products
T+44 (0)20 78)7 20)0
F+44 (0)20 78)7 2040
GmbH & Co. T +15629011492 PO Box 224
Eroh@fritzhansen.com.uk
Goods
Ground Support
Branscomb , CA95417
www.fritzhansen.com.uk
218 Prinsengracht Equipment (US)
USA
Front Corporat ion
1016 HD Ams terdam 11 Broadway, Room 1010 T +17079846181
3-13-1Takadanokat a
Neth erl ands New York, NY 10004 F +1707984 66)1
Shinju ku-ku 169
T +)1 (0)206)85908 USA www.harwoodproducts.com
Tokyo
F+)1 (0)206204457
T +12128094)2)
Haworth, Inc.
Japan
Egoods@goods.nl
F+12128094)24
One Hawor t h Cente r
T+81 (0)) ) )60 ))9'
Govaerts Recycling NV
Ebiomorph@wa lrus.com
Holl and, MI 49423
F+81 (0)) ))62 6)6)
Kolmenstraat '324
www.biomorphdesk.com
USA
Galleri Stolen AB
Industriepark Kolmen
GrundigAG
T +1616)9) )000
Birger )arlsgat an 57
3570 Aiken
Kurgartenstr. 37
www.hawort h.com
11356 Stockhol m
Bel gi um
90762 Furth
Sweden T +)2 (0)11 590160
Germany
Hawlal Whiting
T+46 (0)8 4429150
F+)2 (0)11 ) 14) 0)
T +49 (0)911 70) 8149
Environmental
F+46 (0)8 442 9151
GrammerAG
F+49 (0)911 7087)6
Phoenix House
Einfo@galleristolen.se
Post fach 1454
Elessmann.lennart@grundig.com
Christopher Martin Road
www.gallertstolen.se
92224 Amberg
ornandzik.andreas@grundig.com
Basildon
GebrUder Thonet GmbH Germany
H. Schulte-Frankenfeld
Essex ss14 3EZ
Michael Tho net Strasse 1 T +49 (0)9621880216
UK
35066 Frankenberg F +49 (0)9621880 )87
GmbH &Co.
Diestedder Strasse 39
T +44 (0)12685)1 ' 55
Germany Einfo@grammer.de
F +44 (0)126827) 555
T+49 (0)64515080 www.grammer.de
59329 Wadersloh
F+49 (0)6451508108
Green & Carter
Germany
Esb)o@dlal.pipex.com
Einfo@thonet.de
Vulcan Wo rks
T+49 (0)252) 77a
www.hawtalwhiting.com
WWw.thonet.de
Ashbr ittl e
F+49 (0)252) 77295 Hemp Textiles International
General Motors (USA) Near Well i ngt on
Edgoetze@gloria.de
Corporation (HTI)
WWw.gm.com Somerset TA21 OlQ
www.gloria.de
3200 30th St
Gervason i SpA
UK Haasa Bell ingh am, WA98225-8360
Zona Indu st ri ale Udenese
T +44(0)182) 672)65 Biop ac GmbH USA
33
0
50 Pavia di Udine
F+44(0)182) 672950 Ebrichsdorfer St rasse 18 T +1)606501684
Italy
Green Field Paper Company
A 2512 Tri buswi nkel F +1)60 650052)
T+)9 (0)4) Z675377
' 330 G St
Aus tria
Ehti@cantiva.com
F+)9 (0)4) 2 675755 San Diego, CA92101 T +4) (0)225280) 472)
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,
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Henne Kunststoff GmbH Einro@huelsta.de T +46 (0)40 303610 www.isobord.com
.j>.
Am Bahnhof 2 www.huelsta.de F +46 (0)40302288 www.isobordenterprises.com
o
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' 729' Gollmitz
Hunton Fiber (UK) Ltd
Einfo@iform.net
Jiffy Packaging Company Ltd
ro Germany
22A High Street
www.iform.net
Road Four Indus t ri al Estate
til
T +49 (0)39852700 50 0
Irt hli ngborough IKEA of Sweden Winsford
c
F +49 (0)3 98 52700 51
n
Nort hant s NN9 5TN, UK Box 702 , Almhult Cheshi re CW7 3QR, UK
ro
Herman Miller, Inc, T +44 (0)1933 651 811 343 81 Srnaland T +44 (0)1606 5)1221
til
855 East Mai n Ave F +44 (0)1933652747 Sweden F +44 (0)1606 592 634
PO Box 302 Ehunton@compuserve.com
T +46 (0)47 68 10 00
Johnson Corrugated Products
Zeeland, MI 49464-0302
Hurum Fabri kker AS
F +46 (0)4761 5123
Box 246 , Rte ' 93
USA
Postboks , 33
www.ikea.corn
Thompson, CT 062 77
www.hermanmiller.com
3481 Toft e, Norway I nduced Ener gy Ltd USA
Hermes (France) T +47 (0)3279 9500 Sould ern Manor T +18609239563
www.hermes.com
Husqvarna
Bicester F +186092325 31
Hess Naturtextil ien GmbH see Elect rol ux
Oxfordshire ox 27 91T, UK
Einfo@jcpc.com
Marie-Cur ie Str. 7
l ain Sinclair Des ign
T +44 (0) 1869345746
www.jcpc.com
35510 Butzbach, Germany
Willow House
F+44 (0)1869 346 05'
Johnson Matthey
E hess@hessn atur .com
Hi ldersham
In ner Tube Ltd
Catalyt ic System Division
www.hess-natur.com
Cambridge cei 6av
Un it B,
Orchard Road
Hock Vertriebs GmbH UK
The Wren Cent re
Royston
& Co. KG T +44 (0)1223803363
Westbou rne Road
Hertfords hi re 5G8 9HE, UK
Industriestrasse 7 F +44 (0)1223892 611
Emswort h T +44 (0)1763253 370
76297 Stutensee-Spock Ekam75@dial.plpex.com
Hampshire
F +44 (0)1763253011
Germ any
IBM Corporation
UK
www.matthey.com
T +49 (0)7249 94 71 0
IBM Per sonal Systems
T +44 (0)2392433433 Josef Meeth Fensterfabri k
F+49 (0)7249947125
Group Design
Ins ulholz-Beton
GmbH &CO, KG
Ehock@thermo-hanfde
3039 Cornwal lis Road
I nternational , Inc.
Mont real
Holzweg (Germany) Research Tri angle Park
57' Oak Ridge Club Rd
54533Laufeld , Germa ny
c/o Cons t ruction NC27709
Windsor, sc 29856-2146
T +49 (0) 6572 810
Resources Ltd USA
USA
F+49 (0)657281148
, 6 Gr eat Gu il dford St reet T +19192548650
T +1803642 9346 Junghans Uhren GmbH
London SE, OHS, UK F +19192548385
F+1803642 6361 Geisshaldenstrasse 49
T +44 (0)20 74502211 E HDavid@u s.ibm.com
Eraswall@faswall.com
787'3 Schr amberg
Homasote Company ICI Am ericas
www.faswall.com Germany
PO Box 7240 Concord Plaza
Interface, Inc,
T +49 (0)742218360
West Tr ent on 3411Silversi de Rd
Corporat e Headquart ers
F+49 (0)742218 667
NI 08628-0240 , USA Wilm ing ton , DE '98' 0
2859 Paces Ferr y Road
Ebirgit.binder@junghans.de
T +1609 8833300 USA Suite 2000
www .j unghans.de
F +160988 33497 T +13028875858 Atlanta, GA30399 Kaf us Bio-Composites
www.homosote.com
F+13028875857
USA 4955 Beck Dr.
Honda (Japan)
EcL antonelli@ici.com T +17704376800 Elkhart , IN 465,6, USA
www .honda.com
www.l ci.com www.int erfaceinc.com T +12192953777
Hoover Group
IFCO, International Food Interfold
Egbalthes@kafus.com
Pent rebach, Merthyr Tydfil
Container Organisation PO Box 3396
www.kafus.com/divisicnsf
Mid Glamorgan CF48 4TU
GmbH Santa Rosa, CA95402
biocomposites .html
UK
Zugspitzst rasse '5 USA Kafus Envi ronmental
T +44 (0)1685721222
82049 Pull ach
Inx International Ink Co,
Industries
F+44 (0)1685725696
Germany
65' Bonn ie Lane
270 Bridge St reet
Hopton Technologies
T +49 (0)89 7449 '3 11
El k Gr ove Vi llage, IL 60007
Dedham, MA0202 6
Albany, OR, USA
F+49 (0)897449 ' 392
USA
USA
T +1800 346 525'
If o Sanitar AB T +18479819399
T +1888 3335377
Ejeffr@hoptontech.com
295 22 Bromol la F+1847 9819447
F +17813265105
www .hopt ontech.com
Sweden E moravec@inxintl.com
Etfrancel@kafus.com
www .kafus.com
Hulsta -Werke
T +46 (0)456480 00 www .inxink.com
Hul s GmbH &Co. KG
F +46 (0)456 480 48
Isobord Enterprises
Kartell SpA
Postfach 12'2
E info@ifo. se
'3 00 SW Fifth Avenue
Via delle Industri e ,
48693 Stadt loh n
www.ifo.se
Suite 3030
No viglio
Germany
If or m AB/lnredningsform Portland, OR 97201
20082 Milan, Italy
T +49 (0)22 6386 1273
PO Box 5055 USA
T +39 (0)2 9000121
F+49 (0)226386 '400
Davidshallsgat an 20
T +15032427345
F +39(0)2 9053316
200 7' Malmo, Sweden E isobord@ isobord-sale s.com
www.kart eIJ.i t
8
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Kautzky Mechani k
T +4' (0)41494 94 94 Leahy Wolf Company Maderon Ronda
schbffelgasse 26'28
F+4' (0)41 49404 49 1951 Nort h zyth Avenue San Pedro 583-2
-l'-
A,,80 Vienna
E s.wiederkehr @kronospan.ch Franklin Park
E08010 Barcelona
0
www.kronospan.ch
Il 60' 3
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3595 Spain
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Austria I't1
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T+43(0)147
2
4
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5
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Kucospan Sales UK Ltd
USA
L1NPACEnvironmental
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Kayserberg Packagi ng SA
Peverel House
T +18888735327
l.eafleld Way n
The Green
F+1 8474555700 I't1
nS Plast iques
l.eafield Industri al Estate
Vl
Route de Lapout roie
Hatfield Peverel
www.ia-usa.org/ aoo 14ht m
Corsham
BP27
Essex CM3 21F, UK Leclanche
Wi ltshi re SN139UD
68240 Kayserberg T +44(0)1245382168 48 Avenue de Grandson
UK
France
F+44(0)1245382207 CH 1401 Yverdon
T +44(0)1225 816 500
T+33 (0)3897830 00
E pjcart er@kucospan.co.uk
Swit zerland
F+44 (0)1 225816501
F+33(0)3
8
947
18
5
6
KX Faswall Corp
T +4' (0)24 4472272
www.linpac-environmental.com
www.kpsaplastics.com
PO Box 18o
F+4' (0)24445 2442
Keim Mineral Paints Windso r, SC 29856 Ledtronics
Living Tree Paper Company
Muckley Cross, Morville USA USA
' 430 Willamette St
Near Bridgend T +18004917891 www.ledtronics.com
Ste 367
Shropshire MV16 4RR F+1 8036426361
Levi St rauss & Co.
Eugene, OR 9741'449
UK www.faswall.com
Global Headquarters
USA
T+44(0)1746 7
1
4 543
Kyocera Corporati on
" 55 Battery Street
T +1800309 2974
KFN Kaufmann Japan and UK San Francisco, CA9411 1
F+15416877744
Produkt GmbH www.kyocera.com USA
E info@livingt reepaper.com
Sagerstrasse 4
La Chanvri ere de I' Aube
www.levistrauss.com
www.livingtreepaper.com
A6850 Dornbirn
(LDCA mat eriaux]
www.levi.com Livas Pflanzenchernie
Austria
Ruedu General de Gaulle Lew San Limi ted
Auengrund 10
T+43 (ol 557226 283
10200 Bar sur Aube 3 Sutton Gardens
29568 Weisen
F+43 (0)5572 26283'4
France Hornchurch
Germany
Eoffice@kaufmannkaufmann.
T +33 (0)325923195 EssexRM12 4l D
T +49(0)5825880
com
F+33 (0)3252735 48 UK
F+49 (0)58258860
www.kfnproduct.com
Echanvriere.auberpwanadoo.fr
T +44(0)1708473842
Lloyd Loom of Spaldi ng
Klober Limit ed
www.chanvre.com
F+44(0)1708524389
Wardentree Lane
Pear Tree Industri al Estate
Lakeland Paints
E stmate@dircon.co.uk
Pinchbeck, Spalding
Upper Langford
Unit 19
www.stairmate.co.uk
Lincs PEll 3SY
North Somerset 8S40 5DI
Lake District Business Park Lexon Design Concepts UK
UK
T+44(0)1934 853 224/5
Kendal 98 ter. Boulevard Heloi se
T +44 (0)177571 2111
F+44(0)1934853221
Cumbr ia LA9 6NH BP103
F+44(0)1775710571
Esupport@klober.co.uk
UK 95103 Argenteuil Cedex
Einfo@lIoydloom_com
www.klober.co.uk
T +44(0)1539 732866 France
www.lloydloom.com
KopfAG
F+44(0)1539 734 400 T +33(0)1 39470400
LRCProducts
Stutzenst r. 6
Lampholder 2000 pic
F+33 (0)1394707 59
c/o Durex
7
2172
Sulz-Borgfelden
Unit 8, Express Park
E world@lexon-design.co m
SSLInternati onal
Germany
Garrard Way
www.lexon-desl gn.com
Toft Hal l
T+49(0)745475285
Telford Way Industr ial Light Corporat ion
Toft Road
Eh.stark@kopf-ag.de
Estate (South) 14800 172ndAvenue
Knutsford
www.kopf-ag.de
Kettering Grand Haven, MI 49417
Cheshire WA16 9PD
KPProducts
Nort hamptonshire USA
UK
NN168m T +1 616842 5100
POBox20399
UK F+1616 846 2144
T +44(0)1565624000
Albuquerque
T +44(0)1536 520 101 Einfo@lightcorp.com
F+44 (0)1565624099
NM 87154-399
F+44 (0)1536523014 www.lightcorp.com
www.durex.com
USA
T +1 505294 0293
Laybond Product s ltd Ligne Roset SA
LSK Indust ries Ply
Ekenafman@aol,com
Riverside Serrieres de Briord
92 Woodfield Boulevard
WWw.visionpaper.com
Saltney 01471 Briord
Caringbah
Kronospan AG
Chester CH4 8RS France
NSW 2229
Dekorative Holzwerkstoffe
UK T +33 (0)47436 1700
Australi a
CH6122Menznau
T +44 (0)1244674774 F+33(0)474 361695 T +61 (0)295258544
Switzerland
F+44(0)1244 681601
Lignocel SA
+61 (0)295257601
c/ o Offi cina de Promocion
8
1IIh _
Manufacturers andSuppliers
LSRGmbH Recycling- Masonite Corporation Metpost Limi ted
Moonlight Aussenleuchten
....
Zent rum
1South Wacker Drive Mardy Road
GmbH
0
Wachstedter Str. 1-5
36th floor
Cardiff CF3 8EX
Gewerbegebiet Hemmet
;a
rtl 3735' Dingelstadt Chicago, IL60606
UK
79664 Wehr
VI
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USA 0
T +44(0)2920777877
Germany t:
T +49(01J6075 J81 0

T +1 312 750 0900
F+44(0)2920779295
T+49(0)7762 1018
rtl F+49(0)J6075 J81 18
F+1 J12 750 0958
VI www.metpost.com
F+49 (0)7762 220J E Isr-dingelstaedt@t-online.de
Ecomrn@ipaper.com
www.lsr-recydur.de
MGSL GmbH
www.moonlight.
Masonite CP
Deichstrasse 6
outdoorlighting.de
Luceplan SpA
West Wing
25335 Elmshorn
Via E.T. Moneta 44/46
Jason House
Germany
Moormann Mabel
20161Milan
Kercyhill
An der Festhalle 2
T +49(0)4121 260717
Italy
Hosforth
F+49(0)4121 260779
83229 Aschau im
T +J9(0)2662421
Leeds
Esteffens@mgsl.de
Chiemgau
F+J9(0)26620J400
West Yorkshire LS18 4JR
Eluceplan@luceplan.it
UK Michael Kaufmann Zimmerei
Germany
www.luceplan.it
T +44(0)l1J2 587 689
Baien 116
T +49(0)8052 4001
Lumatech Corpor ation
F+44(0)l1J2 590015 A6870 Reuthe
F+49(0)80524J9J
41636 Enterprise Circle
Massachusetts Instit ut e
Austr ia
MSK Corporation
North, Suite C
ofTechnology
T +4J(0)55142209
Japan
Temecula, CA 9259
77 Massachusett s Avenue
F+4J(0)55'4J275
www.sLeduj ndmj exhibj sunj
USA
Cambridge, MA02139 Mic ro Thermal Systems 4jkk.html
T +18009J206J7
USA
Tregonce Cliff
F+1 800J45 5862 Mu scle Power, MOY
www.lumatech.com
T +1617 2531000
St Issey
Concept and Design
http:/ /web.mit.edu
Wadebridge
Netherlands LUMINO Licht
Matrix Compos ites, Inc Cornwall
Elecktronik GmbH
Einfo@moy.nl
47799 Krefeld
6310 Shawson Drive PL277Q3
Mississauga UK National Starch &
Germany
ONT L5TlH5 T+44(0)1208 81J028 Chemical Company
T +49 (0)2151819625
F+49(0)2151 819659
Canada F+44(0)1208 81J 026 10 Finderne Ave
Emfullert@lumino.de
T +1 800767 4495 Estomatex@compuserve.com
Bridgewater, NJ08807-3300
www.lumino.de
www.maderatile.com
Milliken & Co. USA
MAN B& W Di esel AG
MOD (Denmark)
Carpet Division T+1800797 4992
MAN Nutzfah rzeuge
www.mdd.dk
USA
F+1 9084175696
Aktiengesellschaft
Meadowood Industri es, Inc. T +1 7068805511 Ebill.greenhalgh@nstarch.com
Postfach 5006 20
33242 Red Bridge Rd SE www. rnillikencarpet.com
www.nationalstarch.com
80976 Munich
Albany, OR 97321-9769
Minolt a (Japan)
Natural Choice, The
Germany
USA
www.minolt a.comrjapanr
USA
T +49(0189 15 0801
T +154'259lJOJ
Monodraught www.cikcs.cornj naturak hoice www.man-nutzfahrzeuge.de
F+1 54' 259 lJ55
www.mbd.man.de
Estrawboard@proaxis.com
Halifax House
jindex.htm
MAP (Merchant s of www.meadowoodindustries.com
Cressex Business Park
Nat ural Cotton Colors, Inc.
Aust ralia Products) Ply Ltd
Met a Morf Inc.
High Wycombe
PO Box 66
570 Chapel Street
c/o Colin Reedy
Buckinghamshire
Wickenburg, AZ 85358
Sth Yarra
2700 4th Avenue Sout h
HP123SE
USA
Melbourne, Victoria 3141
UK
Seatt le, WA 98134
TjF +1 520 6847199
Australia
USA
T +44 (0)1494 897700
Marlec Engineering Co, Ltd
F+44(011494 5J2 465
Enodyes@foxfibre.com
T +1 20690J6JJ2
Einfo@monodraught.com www.foxfibre.com
Rut land House
F+1 20622J 085J
Trevit hick Road Ecolin@metamorfdesign.com
sunpipe@monodraught.com
Natural Fibers Corporation
Cor by
www.metamorfdesign.com
Monotub Industries Airport Road
Northamptonshi re
Metaboli x, Inc,
212 Piccadilly
Box830
NN175XY
303 3rd St
London WIV 9LD
Ogallala, NE69153
UK
Cambridge, MA 02142-1126
UK
USA
T +44(0115J6 201588
USA T+44(0)207917 186J
T +1 J08284840J
F+44(0)15J6 400 211
T +1 6174920505 F+44(0)2079'7188J
Eogallala@megavision.com
Esales@marlec.co.uk
F+16174921996 www.monotub.com
www.marlec.co.uk www.ogallaladown.com
Einfo@metabolix.com
@
Manufacturers and Suppliers
NEC Deutschland GmbH
6-1, l -Chome, Kanda
EnOlJotex@green-cott on.dk
Danvers, MA01923
Stei nhei lst rasse 4-
6 Kinbo-cho, Chiyoda-ku www.green-cotton.dk
USA
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85737 Ismani n
Tokyo 101
Nuno Corporation
T +1978777'900
0
Japan
;:0
Germany Axis Buildi ng Bl F
E+19787502152
(J)
T '49 (0)89 9
62
74 37
6 T +8, (0)332969313/9204
5-17-1 Roppong i
www.sylvania.com
V1
0
F+49 (0)89 9
62
74547
F+8, (0)332969250
Mi nat o-ku Ostermann & Scheiwe
c
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wYfW.nec.cOm
Nordsjo (Akzo Nobel Tokyo 106 Hafe nweg 31 (J)
Netlon Group Limited, The
Dekorativ) Japan 48155Munster
V1
New Wellington Street 2051 ]'Malmb T +8, (0)335827997 Germany
Blackburn
Sweden F+81(0)335893439 www.ost ermann-scheiwe.com
Lancashire BB2 4PJ T +46 (0)40 355000
Nutshell Natural Paints Ostermann & Scheiwe
UK
F '46 (0)4060152 23
Hamlyn House UK Ltd
T +44 (0)1254 26243
'
Norel/Unisource
Mardle Way Osmo House
F' 44 (0)'254266868
223 Gates Road
Buckfastleigh Un it 2
Ecustomerservices@tensar.co.uk
Little Ferry, NJ07643
Devon ron ONR, UK Pembr oke Road
New Leaf Paper
USA T +44 (0)13647380' Stocklake Industri al Est ate
215Leidesdorff St T +1 201 44 4400
E nut s@nu t shellpaint s.
Aylesbury
Suite 4
F +1 201 440 9292
freeserve .co.uk Bucks HP20 lOB, UK
San Franci sco, CA94111 E sales@norel.com
NuvoMedia, Inc ,
T +44 (0)1296481 220
USA
www.norel.com
310 Villa Street
www.ostermann-scheiwe.com
T +14' 5 291 9210
North Wood Plast ics, Inc. Mountain View Osterreichische
FT1 4'529' 9353
103 Water Street CA9441 USA Heraklith AG
Einfo@newleafpaper.com
Baraboo, WI 53913-2446 T +' 650314 ' 200 Postfach 31
www.newleafpaper.com
USA F +1 6so 314 1201 A9586 Furnitz, Austr i a
News Desi gn DfE AB T +1 6083554100
E info@nuvomedi a.com
T +49 (0)42573370 0
Stora Skuccanas V. 11
Nova Cruz Products LLC
www .nuvomedia.com
F+49 (0)42573370 57
11 542 St ockhol m
'537 Hami lton Avenue
Ocean Kayak (USA) Oxo International
Sweden
Palo Alto , CA94301
www.oceankayak.com 230 Fift h Avenue
T '46 (0)8 153929
USA
Old Fashioned Milk
znd Floor
F+46 (0)8 153926
T +1 60386837081
Paint Company
New York, NY10001, USA
N Fornitore +1888 3534464
436 Main St
T +' 212242 3333
Italy Esales@novacruz.com
Groton, MA01450-1232
F+1212 2423336
c/o Purves and Purves www.xootr.com
USA
Einfo@oxo.com
220-224 Tott enham
Nova Form T +1978 448 6336
WWW. QXQ.c o m
Court Road
Schbrgelgasse 21 F+19784482754 P T Sudimar Energi Surya
London WlT 7QE
A-801OGraz
www.milkpaint .com
[alan Banyumas 4
UK
Austr ia
Optare International
Jakarta 10310
T +44 (0)2075808223
T '43 (0)3' 6 82 2263
Ma nstone Lane
Indonesia
Nighteye GmbH F+43 (0)316 82 2334
Leeds
T +62 (0)2' 390407
Daimlerstrasse '3-15 Enovaform@novaform.com
W. Yor ks LS15 8su
F+62 (0)21 361639
73249 Wernau www.novaform.com
UK P. Schiebel Elektronische
Germany
Novamont SpA T +44 (0)113 2645182 GerateAG
T '49 (0)7153 937833
Novara, It aly F+44 (0)11 3260 6635 Margarete nstrasse 112
F+49 (0)7153937832
T +39 (0) 321699611
Orange
A 1050 Vienn a
Einfo@nighteye.de
E relazioni .esterne@nova
Orange Media Centre
Au stria
www.nighteye.de
mont.corn
50 George Street
T +43(0)1548260
Nils Holger Moormann www.novament.com
London W1H 5Rf
F+43(0)15452339
Mobel Produktions- und
Novon Internat ional
UK Pacific Northwest Fiber
Handels GmbH
181Coope r Avenue T +44 (0)20 79842000 PO Box 610
Kirchpl at z
Tonawanda, NY14150-664 F+44 (0)2079842001 Plummer, ID 83851
83229 Aschau
USA
E medi a.cent re@o range.co. uk USA
Germany
T +' 7,6874 8696
www.media.orange.net
T +' 208686 6800
T '49 (0)8052 9045
F T1 7168748699
ORBITA Film GmbH
F+120868 668 10
F'49 (0)80524393
Einfo@n ovonintl. com
kothner St r. 11
Eccntacrgi pacificfiber.ccm
Einfor@moormann.de
www. novonintl.com
063 69 Weissand t-Gblzau
www.padficflber.com
WWW.moormann.de
Novotex A/S
Germany Palluco ltal ia SpA
Nissa Engi neeri ng
Ellehammervej 8 T +49 (0)34078270 Vi a Azzi 36
Co Ltd (NSE)
7430 tkast F+49 (0)3407827376 Cast agnole de Paese
Nob uhi ro Sait o
Denmark
Osram Sylvan ia
31040 Treviso
Tokyo Taki i Bldg.
T '45 (0)96 60 6800
No rt h Amer ica HQ
It aly
F+45(0)96606810
100 Endicott Street
T +390 (0)422438800
@
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Papa-Papel Phenix Biocomposites T +1619 5495' 30 PowerMakers Plus
.j:>.
c/o Enderecoda PO Box 609 F +1619 5495133 Limited
0
;;0
Fiesp/Ciesp Mankato, MN 56002-0609
Plastics Fth Industry Ltd
Croft Business Park
(J) Av_Paulista, 1.313 USA
The Stables
Bromborough
III
Cerqueira Cesar T +1 50793' 9787
Wirral
0
Sandhoime Mill
c
Sao Paulo/sP-CEP +1 8003248147
Commercial Street
Cheshire cH62 3RB
;:;
(J)
01311-923 F +150793' 5573
Todmorden
UK
III
Brazil E sales@pheni xllc.com
Lancashire 0L14 5RH
T +44 (0)1513430080
T +55(0)11 252 4499
www.phenebccc rnposues.ccrn
UK
F +44 (0)151 3430081
Paperback
Philips Electronics NV T +44(0)1706817784 Prairie Forest Products
Unit 2
Building HWD F +44(0)1706817227 200 SObee Rd
BowTriangle
PO Box 218 Eplasfth@msn.com Hutch inson, KS67501
Business Centre
5600 MD Eindhoven
Polti SpA
USA
Eleanor Street
Netherlands
Via Verloni 83
T +1316 6657000
London E3 4NP
T +3' (0)402759066
22070 Bulgarograsso (CO)
Primeboard, Inc.
UK
F +3' (0)40275909'
Italy 2lll North 3M Drive
T +44 (0)2089805580
Eannemieke.froger@philips.com
T +39 (0)3' 939 III
Wahpeton, ND58075-3019
F +44(0)208980 2399
www.philips.com
F +39 (0)3' 890513
USA
Partek Insulations, Inc.
Pierce International, Inc. Econtabil ita@polti .it
T +17016421152
40' West park Drive 202
PO Box4871 www. polti.it
F +1 701642 1154
Peacht ree City, GA 30269
Englewood, co 80155
Poly-Beek-Kunststoff.
Esales@primeboard.com
USA
USA
Handels GmbH
www. primeboard.com
Patagonia
T +133792 0719
Schmidest r. 34
Prins Dokkum BV
239 W. SantaClara Street
F +13037996469
26629 Grossefehn
Rondweg 35
Ventur a, CA 930 1
Pinnacle Technology, Germany
PO Box4
USA
Inc. (PTI)
T +49 (0)494391990
9100 AA Dokkum
619 East 8th, Suite D
F +49(0)49434744
Netherlands
T +18056438616
Lawrence, KS 66044 Einfo@polybeek.de
E prinsdokkum@niv-
www.patagonia.com
USA
webhosting.com
P.C.D. Maltron Ltd
T +17858328866
Polyval pic
www.prins-dokkum.nl
'5 Orchard Lane
F +1 785 749 9214
Priors Hal l
Stebbing
Product 2000 Ltd
East Molesey
Einfo@pinnaclet.com
Dunmow
Archfarm Industrial Estate
Surrey KT8 OBN
www.pinnaclet.com
Essesx cM6 3sW
Whitsbury Road
UK
Fordingbridge
Pinturas Proa
UK
T +44(0)2083983265
Industri as Proa SA
T +44(0)1371 856 791
Hampshire sp6lNQ
E sales@malt ron.com
SanSalvador de Budirio
F +44(0)1371856 791
UK
www. maltron.com
T +44 (0)1 425 652226
Canderas de Prado
Porous Pipe Ltd
Pendlewood 36475 Perrino (Pontevedra)
F +44(0)1425 657288
The Old Officers Mess Spain
Standroyd Mill
PURUSKunststoffwerke
Barton Aerodrome
T +34 (0)986 346525
Cottont ree, Col ne
GmbH
Barton
F+34 (0)986346589
Lancashire
Am Blatterrangen 4
Salford
BB8 7BW
95659 Arzberg, Germany
Planet
UK
Manchester M30 7SA
c/ o Creative Energy
T +44(0)1282 871 778
T +49(0)9233 7755
UK
Technologies
F+49(0)9233775550
T +44(0)161 789 4441
Main St
F+44(0)1282871785
E purus-kunststoffwerke
F +44(0)161 7877400
Summit , NY12175
Potmolen Paints
@pur usarzberg.de
Peugeot USA
27 Woodcock
Radius GmbH
Industri al Estate
France www.cetsolar.comyplanetdc.htrn
Warminster
145Weisser Strasse
www.psa.fr
Planex GmbH
Wiltshire BA12 9DX
50999 Cologne
Peugeot Motor Co. Pic
Steinauer Weg
UK
Germany
Aldermore House 91589Aurach
T +44(0)1985213931
T+49 (0)2232763632
F +49(0)22327636 30
PO Box 227
Germany
F+44(0)1985 213 960
E radius.design@netcologne.de
Aldermore Lane
T +49 (0)9804 1780
Coventry
F+49 (0)98047207
Powabyke Ltd
Rayotec Limited
Warwickshire cvj 1LT
E rost@planex.com
6 Riverside Business Park
London Road
UK
Plant Polymer
Bath BA2 3DW
Sunningdale
UK
Berkshire sl 5 ODJ
T +44(0)24 7688 4212 Technologies, Inc.
T +44 (0)1225443737
UK
F+44(0)247688 4122 9985 Businesspark
F+44(0)1225446 878
www. peugeoLco.uk Ave, Suite A
T +44(0)1344 874 747
San Diego, CA 92' 3' -1102
E sales@powabyke.com
F+44 (0)1344 872030
USA
www.powabyke.com
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Recycled Plast ics, Inc.
Gate House F +44 (0)1332249 936 Isle of Wight P03' 7UT, UK
Cast le Estate
www.rolls-royce.com
T+44(0)1983 299935
.j>.
609 Co. Rd 82 NW
0
Garfield, MN5
6
33
2 Turnpike Road
Ron Ink Company
F+44(0)1983 299069
High Wycombe EAAaxylon@ao1. com
Al
USA 200 Trade Court III
Buckinghamshire
VI
T +13208342293 Rochester, NY ' 4624-477' Schafer Werke GmbH 0
c
F+13208342290
HP123NR, UK
USA Pfannenbergstrasse 1
n
Egipo@gctel.com
Rexite SpA T +1 800833 7)83 57290 Neunkirchen
III
VI
www .giporpi.co
m
Via Edison 7 F +1 7165293519 Germany
RedBank Manufactur ing Ltd 20090 Cusago
Rothl isberger
T+49(0)2735 787 273
Atherstone Road
Milan, Italy
Schreinerei AG
F+49(0)2735787284
Measham T+39(0)29039 0013
Dorfstrasse 73
Eh.schlabach@
Swadlincote F+39(0)290390018
CH 3073Cumligen
schaefer-werke.de
Derbyshire OE1 2 7EL
ri ese und muller GmbH
Switzerland
www.schaefer-werke.de
UK
Erbacher Strasse 1Z3 T +4' (0)3' 95' 41 17 Schauman Wood Oy
T+44(0)1530 270 333/54
2
64287 Darmstadt F +41 (0)3' 95' 16 52/3563 Niemenkatu 16
ReedCorrugated Cases Germany
Safeglass (Europe) Ltd
PO Box 203
see Sams Design T+49(0)6151 424034
James Watt Building
15141 Lahti
REEEL
F+49(0)6151 424036
Scott ish Enterpr ise
Finl and
52 Marconistr at
Eteam@r-m.de
Technology Park
T +358 2041511 3
3029 AK Rot terdam
www.r-m.de
East Kilbride
F+358 20415 112
Netherlands Ritter Energie und Glasgow G75 ooo, UK
E schaum anwood@
T+3' (0)10925 4612 Umwelttechnik T+44 (0)1355272438
upm-kymmene.com
F+3' (0)10 9257603 GmbH &Co. KG F+44(0)' 355272 555 Scholler Text il AG
Rein
Ettlinger St rasse 30
Einfo@safeglass.co.uk
Bahnhofst rasse
(Australi a with Wiggly
76307 Karlsbad
www.safeglass.co.uk
CH 9475 Sevelen
Wigglers, UK)
Germany
Saitek Indus tri es Ltd
Switzerland
Lower Blakemere Farm
T +49 (0)72029220
2295Jefferson St reet
T+4' (0)81 7860835
Blakemere
F+49(0)7202922100
Torrance, CA9501
Sci MAT Limited
Herefordshire
E ritter @paracligma.de
USA
Dorcan 200
HR2 9px, UK
www.paradigma.de
T +131 0 212 5412
Murdock Road
T +44(0)1 981500 39
'
Robert Cullen & Sons F +1 310 212 0866
Dorcan
F+44(0)1981500 108
Limited
E info@sait ekusa.com
Swindon
www.wigglywigglers.co.uk
10 Dawsholm Avenue www.sartekusa.com
Wiltshire SN3 SHY, UK
Remarkable Pencil s Ltd
Glasgow G20 OTS, UK
Sanford UK
T +44(0)1793 511 160
Worlds End Studios T +44 (0)'4' 945 2222
Berol House F+44(0)1793 533 352
134Lots Road F+44(0)1419453567
Oldmeadow Road
E sales @scimat.co.uk
London SW10 ORI, UK
Esales@cullen.co.uk
King's Lynn
www.sci mat.co.uk
T+44(0)207351 4333
www.cullen-packaging.co.uk
Norfol k PE30 41R, UK
Sculptures-Jeux
F+44(0)2073524729
Rodman Industr ies T +44(0)1553761221
18 rue Dornat
Einfo@remarkable.com
PO Box 76 F +44(0)1553 766534
75005 Paris, France
Re-NewWood Marinette, WI 54143
Email@sanford.co.uk
T +33 (0)1 435420 39
104 N. 8th USA
SAVAWatt (UK) Ltd F +33 (0)1 43548332
PO Box 1093 T +1 7157359500
SAVA Buil ding
Esculptures.jeux@wana dooJr
Wagoner, OK74467, USA
Rohner Textil AG
Waterl oo Industrial Estate
sdb Industries BV
T+1800 4207576
CH 9435 Heerbrugg
Bidford on Avon
PO Box 2197
F+1 9184855803
Switzerl and Warwickshi re 650 41H, UK
5202 CD's-Hertogenbosch
www-renewwood.corn
T +4' (0)61 722 2218 T/F +44(0)1789490
Netherlands
Re-Reluma GmbH F +4' (0)617227152
Eenquiries@savawatt. com
T+3' (0)7) 6333 91 33
Bahnhofst r. 32a
Roland Plastics
www.savawatt.com
F+3' (0)7J 63133 85
09518Crossruckerswalde/
Strid a Limited Save A Cup
Einfo@sdb-indu5tries.nl
Steckewalde, Germany
Wickham Market Recycling Company www.sdb-industries.nl
T +49(0)37369 136 0
Woodbrid ge Suite 2, Bridge House
Sensor Systems Watchman
F+49 (0)37369 136 66
Suffolk IP' 3 ooz, UK
Bridge St reet
Shaerf Drive
Ereluma.t-online.de
T +44 (0)1728747777
High Wycombe
Lurgan, Craigavon
Retail Place Ltd
F+44(0)1728748222
Buckinghamshire
County Armagh
34ACampden Hill Gardens E stri da@rolan dplastics.co.u k HPll 2EL, UK
Nort hern Ireland
London w8 7AZ, UK
Rolls Royce
T +44 (0)1 494510167
6T66 8DE, UK
T+44(0)20 77270486
PO Box 3'
F+44 (0)1494 510,68
T +44(0)1762 321 111
F+44(0)207221 7012
Derby
Save Wood Products Ltd F+44(0)1762 324444
Rexam
Derbyshire OE24 861. UK Amazon Works Esales@s enso rsystems.com
c/o Recycled UK
T +44(0)1332 242424
Three Gates Road, Cowes www.sensor-systems.com
@
I
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Showa Highpolymer Co. T +' 6\0872 1184 Southampton T +' 906487 9768
.j>.
Kanda Chuo Bldg F+' 6\0872 118\ Innovations Limited F+' 9064879770
0
3-20 Kanda Ni shiki-cho Einfe@plybee.cem Universit y of Southampt on www.strandwood.com
;>:J
Chiyod a-ku www.plyboo.com Highfi eld, South ampton
Stud io eg
"'
VI
Tokyo 101, Japan
Smith Anderson & Co. Ltd
Hampsh i re S017 181, UK
2431 Peralt a Street
0
<:
T +8, (0)332938844
Fettykil Mills
T +44 (0)2380\9203\
Suit e 2437A
n
"'
F +81 (0)332330137
Lesli e
F+44 (0)2380\9 3\8\
Oakland, CA 94607, USA
VI
Fife Ky63AQ, UK
E info@sil-uk.com
Simplex Products
www.southamptoninnovations
Styradex Plastics Recycling
PO Box 10 T +44 (0)' \92 746000
Unit A, Burn foo t Industrial
Adr ian, MI 49221-0010
.com
Estate Snow
USA
Fi nland
Soy Environmental
Hawick T09 8Sl , UK
T +' \172638881
c/o Stud io IIkka Suppanen
Products, Inc .
Sun-Mar Corporation
Simplicitas Punavuor enkatu 1 A7 b
8855 N_Black Cano n Fwy
600 Main Street
Ste 2000
Gr evgatan 19 00120 Hel si nki, Fi nland
Phoenix, AZ85021, USA
Tonawanda, NY1415-0888
11 4 52 Stockho lm T +3\8 9 62278737
USA
Sweden F+3\8 9 6223093
T +1 602674 \100
T +190\ 332 '3' 4
T +46 (0)8 66, 00 91 E suppane n@ko lumbus.f1
www.soyclean.com
F+' 90\ 332 '3'\
F+46 (0)8 661 00 97
Solar Century Holdings Ltd
SRAM Corporation
E compost@s unmar.com
www.simplicitas.se
Uni t 5
Gl obal Headqu art ers
www.sun-mar.com
Skoot International Limited Sandycombe Centre
361 West Chest nut St
Sunways Gesellschaft fur
24 Peartree Business Cent re 1-9 Sandycombe Road
Chicago , Il 60610, USA
Solartechnik mbH
Peartree Road Richmond, Surrey, UK
T +13' 26648800
Macairestrasse 5
F+13'2 664 8826
St anway T +44 (0)870 73\ 8100
Edavidz@sram.com or
78467 Konstan z, Germany
Essex co j 5JN, UK F+44 (0)8707 3\ 8'01
Ekselberg@sram.cem
T +49 (0)7\3' 996770
T +44 (0)'206 \42 \42 Ejl@selarcentury.ce.uk
F+49 (0)7\319967710
F+44 (0)' 206 \ 42 \ 43 www.solarcentry.co.uk
Staber Industries, Inc .
Einfo@sunways.de
Skystreme UK Ltd Solar Cookers International
4800 Homer Ohi o Lane
www.sunways.de
Groveport , OH 43125
367 High Street 1919 zrst St, Suite 101
USA
Supercool AS
Brent ford Sacramento, CA 95814
T +' 614836\99\
Banehagsgatan 1 8
Middlesex TW8 080, UK USA
F+16148369\24
4145 1Gothenburg
T +44 (0)20 8\60 6872 T +19164\1 4498
www.staber.com
Sweden
F+44 (0)208\698\81
F+' 9'64\1 4498
Starch Tech, Inc.
T +46 (0)3' 42 0\ 30
Ekas09@dial.pipex.com E sbci@igc .apc.org
F+46 (0)31 247909
www. skystreme.uk.net hllp :j j solarceeking.org
720 Florida Ave S.
www.supercool.se
SLI Lighting Ltd Solar Solutk -ns (UK) Ltd
Golden Valley
Sutton Vane Associates
MN55426-174, USA
Otley Road Unit 06
T +' 612\4\ \400
Brit annia Hou se
Charlestown Capel Her. dre
F +1 612\4\ 94\0
1Glentho rne Road
Shipley, West Yorkshire Industrial Est ate
Esti@starchtech.com
London w6 OlH, UK
8017 7SN, UK Capel Hen dre
www.starchtech.com
T +44 (0)208\639370
T +44 (0)1274\37777 Ammanford F+44 (0)208\63937'
F+44 (0)'274 \97 683 Carmarthenshir e
Steelease , Inc .
www.sva.co.uk
Slough Rubber
sA,83SJ
6100 E Paris Ave SE
Syndesis, Inc .
Company Ltd
UK
Caledonia, MI 49316-9790
2908 Color ado Ave
USA
441 Perth Avenue
TjF +44 (0)1269844 670
www.steelcase.corn
Santa Monica
Slough Trading Est ate
Esunset@connectwales.co.uk
CA 90403-3616, USA
Slou gh
Solvay Plastiques SA
sTRAKA sPORTs
T +' 3'8299932
Berkshir e Sll 4TS, UK
Rue du Prince Albert 33
Niebuhrstr asse 62
F +1 310829\641
T +44 (0)17\3\70438 1050 Brussels
10 629 Berl i n, Germany
www.syndestslnc.com
F+44 (0)17\3 \30 '78 Belgi um
T +49 (0)332701616
Tectan
www.sloughrubber.co.uk
T 32(e)2 \09 6111
F+49 ()3327016 '7
Ent wicklungsgesell schaft
Es.straka@ciro.de
SmartDeck Systems
F32(0)2 \09 69 18
www.ciro.de
fur Verbun dmat erial
2600 W. Roosevelt Road
Sony Corporation Diez Gm bH
Chicago, Il 60608
Design Center
Stramit
Indust riest rasse ' 7-2
USA
6-7-35 Kitashin agawa
East Loop 143
65582 Diez, Germany
Einfo@smartdeck.com
Shinagawa-ku
Perr yt on, TX7970, USA
Teisen Products Limited
www.smartdeck.com
Tokyo '4' , Japan
T +1 80643\ 9303
Bradley Green
Smith & Fong Company
T +8, (0)3\448 77\8 Strandwood Molding, Inc .
Reddit ch
Plyboo Bamboo Produ ct s
F+8, (0)3 \448 7822 53' Highway M-26
Wo rcestershi re
601 Grandview Drive S.
www.sony.co.jp and PO Box 360
896 6RP, UK
San Franci sco, CA94080
www.sony.co.uk Hancock, MI 4993-360,
T +44 (0)1\27821488
USA
USA
F+44 (0)1\27821 66\
0
,
Manufacturers andSuppliers
Tekno s Tranemo AB
Toyota (GB) pic F+1562906 40JJ Etechsupport@smartdeck.com
Limmaredsvagen 2
The Quadrangle Emarketing@trojanbattery.com www.smartdeck.com
Box 211
Redh il l www.trojanbattery.com
Uwe Braun GmbH
0
5
14 24
Tr anem o
Surr ey RHI l PX, UK
Trusjoist MacMillan (TJM) Herr Braun Lange Felder
AI
(l)
T +44 (0)17J7 768585
VI
Sweden Cor porate Headquart ers
19309 Lenzen (El be)
0
F+44 (0)17J7771 728
200 East Ma ll ard Dr ive
Germany
c
T+46 (0))2570770
www.toyota.co.uk ii
F+46 (0)J
25
76754 Boise, ID83706
T +49 (0)J8792 9850 (l)
VI
www.teknos.se
Toyota Mot or Corpo rat ion
USA
Einfo@uwe-braun.de
Tendo Co. Ltd
1Toyot a-cho
T +1208 J64 1200 Vaccari Lim ited
471.8571Toyot a City
F+1208 J64 ijoo 27 Prospec t Way
1'3. 10 Midarekawa
Aichi Prefect ure
www.tj m.com Lapford, Cred it on
Tendo 994 Japan
Devon EX1 7 6QB
Yamag ata www.toyota.com
TRW Lucas Var ity
UK
Japan
Trannon Furniture Limited
Electrical St eering (UK)
T +44 (0)IJ6J 8J115
T+8' (0)2J65JJ' 2'
Chilhampton Farm
c/o TRW, Inc.
F +44 (0)'J6J 8J849
F+81(0)2J6 5JJ454 Wi lt on
USA
Einfo@vaccari.co.uk
www.tendomokko.co.jpJ
Sali sbury
www.trw.com
www.vaccari.co.uk
Tetrapak Ltd
Wilts SP2 OAB, UK
Unicor Corporat ion
VarioPac Disc Systems
24271 Larkwood Lane
1 Longwalk Road
T +44 (0)1722744577
Lake For est, CA92630
GmbH
Stockley Park
F+44 (0)'722744 477
Hangbaumstr asse 13
Einfo@trannon.com
USA
32257 Bund e
Uxbridge
www.trannon.cam T +' 7'4 7708494
Germany
Midd lesex UB11lDL
UK
Transform Plastics Ltd Un iSolar
T +49 (0)522' 7684 '7
T +44 (0)870 442 6000
Pott er Place 1110West Mapl e Road F+49 (0)5221768420
We st Pimbo Troy, MI 48084
www.variopac.com
F+44 (0)870442 6001
Indust ri al Est ate USA
Varta Batteries AG/Varta AG
www.letrapak.com
Skel me rsdale
T +' 248 J624170 Press and Publi c Relati on s
Therma-Float Ltd Lancashire
F+1248J624442 Sven Kremser
PO Box 8 WN89PW
Eunlsolartnfogpovonic.com Am Lei neufer 51
Beech Lane House
UK
www.uni-solar.com 3419 Hannover
Alderl y Edge
T+44 (0),695 51J99
Un iversal Master Products
Germ any
Cheshire SK9 5ES
F +44 (0)16955'J9J
23 St at ion App roach
T +49 (0)5" 79oJ 8 2'
UK Traveller
Hayes, Bromley
F+49 (0)511 79 o j 7 '7
T+44 (0)' 62525' 000
Germany
Kent BR2 7EQ
Epress@varta.com
c/o Feldmann &
www.varta.com
F+44(0)1625 524584
UK
Etherrna-float.ltdgi
Schult chen
T +44 (0)20 84620222
Vau xhall Motors
dial.pipex.com
7 Ti mmermannst rasse
F+44 (0)208462 7746
Limited/General Motors
22299 Hamburg
Griffin House
TH!NK NordicAG
Ger many Un iversal Pulp Packaging
Osborne Road
Norway/ Ford Mot or
T+49 (0)40 510000 Mi lton of Campsie
Lut on
Company, USA
F +49 (0)405 '7000 Glasgow G65 8EE
Bedfor dshi re LUI 3YT
THIN K Mob il ity, LLC www.fsdesign.de
UK UK
5920 Pasteur Court
Trevi ra GmbH & Co. KG
T +44 (0)IJ60 JIOJ22 T +44 (0)158272' 122
Carlsbad, CA92008
Lyoner Strasse 38A
F +44 (0)IJ60 Jll 975 F +44 (0)'582427400
USA
60528 Frankfurt
Epulppack@aol.com
Velcro (USA)
WWW.thinkmobility.com Germany www.pulppack.co.uk
www.velcro.com
Timber Hol di ngs Ltd
T +49 (0)69 J055756
Urethane Soy Systems
Veloland Schweiz
2400 W. Corn ell
F +49 (0)69 J051642
Company (USSC)
Sti ft ung Velola nd Schweiz
Milwaukee, WI 5329
Trisit Textiltechnologie
PO Box 569 Post fach 8275
USA
GmbH
Pri nceton, IL 61356 301 Bern
T+' 4'4445 8989
Trisit Design
USA Switz erland
F+14' 4 4459' 55
Stutt gart er Strasse 73
T +18885'49096 T +4' (0)J' J07 4740
EinfO@ironwQods.com
73230 Kirchh ei m
F +'8'5 64J 2998
F+4' (o)J' J0747 48
'NWw.ironwoods.com
Germany
Ejohnwawak@yahoo.com
Einfo@veloland.ch
Tonwerk Lausen AG
T +49 (0)702' 9J5175 US Plastic Lumber Ltd
Vestfrost A/S
CH4415 Lausen
F+49 (0)702' 9J5JJ9 Smartd eck Systems
Spangsbj erg Malleve] 100
SWitzerl and
Eroellf@recaro.de
2600 W. Roosevel t Road
Postb ox 2079
T+4' (0)6192795
Trojan Battery Company
Chicago, IL 60608
DK6705 Esbjerg 0
Denmark
F+41(0)6, 92795
USA USA
T +,800 42J6569 T +' 8887JJ2546
T +45(0)79 ' 4 22 22
+1562946 8J8,
F +45(0)79 '4 2J 55
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! Manufacturers andSuppliers
Vetropack F+16Jl 75804J8 T (Freephone. UKonly)
London SE5 8QT, UK
.j>.
Schutzenmattstr, 266 EGFXCH@msn.com 0800216990
T +44 (0)2077084154
0
CH8,80 Bul ach www.ofkos.ccmj gfx F +44 (0)1981 500108
Xerox Corporation ;0
Swit zerl and www.wigglywigglers.co.uk /1)
Waterless UK Ltd
800 Long Ridge Road III
0 T +4' (0)186J JJ7J
6 Bladon Close Wilde &Spieth GmbH &Co
St amford, CT06904
c
F +4' (0)186J J4 J5

Woodstock Road Zeppeli nst r. 126 USA
/1)
Vision Paper Oxford 73730 Essl i ngen T (Freephone, USonly)
III
see KP Produ ct s Oxfordshire OX28AD, UK am Neckar, Germany +1800 JJ46200
Vitra (International) AG
www.waterless.co.uk
T +49 (0)711 J19710 www. xerox.com
22 KlUnenfel dstrasse Water Tech Industries
F +49 (0)711 J17111
Xerox (UK) Ltd
CH4127 Bir sfelden 12665 NE Marx Street Wilkhahn + Hahne Bridge House
Swit zerl and Port land, OR9723, USA GmbH a ce. Uxbr idge
T +4' (0)61J77' 509
T +18882548412 Postfach 2035 Middl esex us8 l HS, UK
F +4' (0)61J77'5 10 +150J 2548412 31844 Bad Mu nder T (Freephone. UKonly)
E info@vitra.com F +150J261 9118 Germany 0800 787787
www.vitra.com E marketing@watertech,com
T +49 (0)5042 9990
www.xerox.co.uk
VK &C Partnership
www.watertech.com
F+49 (0)5042999 226
XO
2/ 2 248 Wood land s Road Wellman, Inc.
Einfo@wilkhahn.de
RN '9
Gl asgow G3 6ND, UK 2'2 7t h St
www.wilkhahn.com
77' 70 Servon
TfF +44 (0)141JJ22049 Jersey Ci ty, NJ 07302 Willamette Europe Ltd France
Volkswagen AG
USA
roth Floor T +JJ (0)160 6260 60
Envi ron ment Indust rial
E home@well maninc.com
Maitland Ho use F+JJ (0)160 62 60 62
Safety and Tr affi c Systems
Eaboutus@wellmaninc.com
Wa rrio r Square
X02 Limited (Trading
Lett er box 174
www.wellmanwlm.com
South end-on-Sea
as Exosect)
38436 Wol f sburg Werth Forsttechnik
Essex 55' 21Y, UK
Ad ministr at ion
Germany Reidelbach 22
T +44 (0) 1702 619044
Build ing (SIL)
Volkswagen (UK)
66687 Wadern
www.willamette-europe.com
Un iver sit y of Southampton
Yeomans Dr ive
Germ any
Willat Writing Instruments Highfield
Blakelands
T +49 (0)68 712029
8548 Washington Blvd
Southampto n
Mil ton Keynes
F+49 (0)68 715555
Cul ver Cit y, CA9232
Hampshi re 5017 ' SI, UK
Buckinghamshire
Eww@werth-weihnachts-
USA
E info@exosectuk.com
MK14 5AN, UK
welt .de
T +1 310 202 6000
www.exosect uk.com
T +44 (0)1908601777
www.werth-weihnachts-welt.de
F +1 310 202 0405
Vemm &Hart Ltd
F +44 (0)190866J 9J6 Werzalit AG + Co.
www .sensa.ccm
Gr een M ateria ls
www.volkswagen.co.uk Ger ma ny
Willow Bank , The
RR1 Box '7 3
Vorwerk &Co. Teppichwerke
seeInka Presswood
PO Box 17
Marquand, MO63655. USA
GmbH &Co, KG
Pall et s
Ma chynll et h T +157J78J5454
Kulhmanst rasse 11 Wettstein , Robert A Powys SY20 8WR, UK
F+157J78J 7544
31785 Hamel n, Germany Josefstr. 188 T +44 (0)1686 4JO510
Einfo@yemmhart.com
T +49 (0)5151IOJ 0 CH8005 Zur ich www.tefecerure.ccmjwrllow;
www.yemmhart.com
F +49 (0)5
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IOJJ77
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YKK Architectural
www.vorwerk-teppich.de T +4' (0)12729725
WKR Altkunststoffproduk
Products, Inc.
Wagner &Co.
F +4' (0)1 2720717
tions- u, Vertriebsgesell.
1, Kanda lzu mi-cho
Solartechnik GmbH Wharington International schaft mbH
Chiyod a-ku
Ri ngst rasse 14 Ply Ltd Entenpfuhl io
Tokyo 101-00 24
3591 Col be 48-50 Hargreaves St reet 67547 Wo rms . Germany
Japan
Germ any Huntingdale T +49 (0)62414J451
T +81 (o)J J6258844
T +49 (0)64 21 8007-0 Victoria 3166 F+49 (0)624149579
F+81 (o)J 56108199
F +49 (0)6421 8007"J Aust ral ia Ekontakt.wkr@t-online.de Zanotta SpA
Wanders Wonders BV
T +61 (0)J 954455Jl
Woodnotes Oy
Via Vitt orio Veneto 57
Jacob Cat skade 35
F+61(O)J954J1907
Tallber gi nkatu 8
2005 4 Nova Milanese (Mi)
1052 BT Am sterd am
Esales@wharington.com.au
00180 Hel si nki
It aly
Neth erlands
www.wharington.com.au
Finland
T +J9 (0)J62 J68 JJO
T +Jl (0)20422 'JJ9 Whirlpool T +J58 694 2200
F+J9 (0)J6245' oJ8
F+Jl (0)204227519 seeJam Design & F+J58694 2221
Ezanottaspa@zanotta.it
Ejoy@wanderswonders.nl Commu nicat ions Ewoodnotes@woodnotes. r. Zanussi
Waterfilm Energy Wiggly Wigglers
www.woodnotes.f see Elect rol ux
PO Box '28 Lower Blakemere Farm ww.modcons Zimmerei Michael Kaufmann
Medford, NY11763 Blakemere Units zb-c see KFN Kaufmann
USA Herefordshi re Vanguard Court Prod ukt GmbH
T +16Jl 7586271 HR29px, UK 36 Peckham Road
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Eco-Oesign Strategies
The design strategies described
witheach product in Objects
for Livingand Objectsfor
Working arelisted below. They
are grouped accordingto one
offive lifecycle pha,ses - "".
production, including materials
select ion; manufactunng/
making/f abrication;
distribution/ transportation;
functionality and use; and
disposal/end.of life. Other
strategies that do not easily fit
into thisproduct lifecycle are
described underthe heading
Miscellaneous, Extended
descriptions of eachdesign
strategy aregiven where
appropriate, Referenceshould
also be made to the Glossary
of eeo-design terms (p. 339) ,
PRE-PRODUCTION PHASE
Anti-fashion - a design
that avoids temporary,
fashionable styles,
Anti-obsolescence - a design
that is easily repaired,
maintained and upgraded
so it is not made obsolete
withchanges in technology
or taste,
Dematerialization - the
process of converting
products into services,
Agood example of
dematerialization through
timeshare of a product is
a local communitysharing
a car ' pool' in which
allindividualshave the
opportunity to use/hire a
car when needed rather
than own a car that stands
idle for a large part of its
life, Other examples include
digital cameras where silver
halidefil m is replaced by
CCD chips, dematerializing
part of the consumables
cycle, Designing products
used in the context of a
dematerialized service may
place unusual constraints
On the design such as
concentration on
maintenance and longevity
of parts,
Open accessdesign- design
that allows other designers
to see howsoftware
hardware and other '
electronic products are
coded and constructed,
Product take-back - a
system under which
manufacturers agree to
take backa product when
it has reached the end
of its useful life so that
components and/or
materials can be reused
or recycled (see also
Producer responsibility).
This can fundamentally
change the essence of
the design and engage
the designer in examining
design for assembly
(OfA), disassembly
(DfD)and remanufacture,
Reusable product- a product
that can be reused at the
end of its initial lifespan
for an identical, similar or
newuse.
Universaldesign- the
application of widely
accepted practices,
components, fixtures,
materials and technologies
suitable for a wide range
of end-uses,
PRE-PRODUCTION:
MATERIALS SELECTION
Abundantmaterialsfrom
the llthospherergecsphere -
inorganic materials, such
as stone, clay, minerals and
metals from the earth's
crust.
Biodegradable - decom-
posed bythe action of
microbes such as bacteria
and fungi,
Biopolymers- plastics made
from plants, Biopol ymers
can be composted and
returned to nature.
Certifiedsources - materials
that are independently
certifiedas originating
from sustainablymanaged
resources, from recycled
materials or conforming to
a national or international
eco-Iabel.
Compostable - can be
decomposed by microbes
such as bacteria and fungi
to release nutrients and
organic matter.
Durable/extremelydurable-
tough, strong materials
that do not breakor wear
and survive the life of the
product or well beyond,
Lightweight - materials with
a highstrength-to-weight
ratio.
Locally sourced materialsare
those in close proximity to
the point of manufacturing
or production,
Non-toxic/Non-hazardous -
not likel yto cause loss of
life or ill health to man
and/or degradation of
living ecosystems,
Reclaimed - materials
saved for reuse on
demolition of the
built environment.
Recyclable components -
components of products
that can be used in a new
product.
Recyclate - material that has
been made into a new
material comprisingwholly
or partially recycled
materials, Analternative
term is ' recycled feedstock',
Recycled - materials that
have been processed
(such as cleaned, graded,
shredded, blended),
then remanufactured
Recycled content - materials
that include some recycled
and some virgin content. If
a material has 100 per
cent-recycl ed content, it is
a recycledmaterial.
Renewable - a material that
can be extracted from
resources which absorb
energy fromthe sun to
synthesize or create matter.
These resources include
primaryproducers, such as
plants and bacteria, and
secondaryproducers, such
as fish and mammals,
Singleor mono-materials -
consist of pure materials
rather than mixtures, This
facilitates recycl ing,
Stewardship sourcing -
materials from certified
sources and supplychain
management.
Supply-chainmanagement
(greenprocurement) is the
process of specifying that
the goods/mate rialsof
suppliers meet minimum
environmental standards.
The specification may be
that the goods will come
fromcertified sources (e.g.
the Forest Stewardship
Council, national or inter-
national ceo-labels]. carry
recognized accreditation
(e.g, ISO14001, EMAS) or
meet trade association
standards (e.g. National
Association of Paper
Manufacturers' recycled-
paper logo in the UK) ,
Sustainable/from
sustainable sources -
materials that originate
from managed resources
which are forecast to last
for a verylong time and/o r
are renewableresources
(see above),
Wastematerials- materials
fabricated from production
(factory) or consumer
waste,
MANUFACTURING/MAKING/
FABRICATION PHASE
Production processes
Avoidanceoftoxic/
hazardous substances -
avoiding substances liable
to damage human health
and living ecosystems,
Bio-rnanufacturing- using
nature to help fabricate
products in situ, For
example, ' manufacturing'
natural gourds bytraining
them in specialshapes
for later use as packaging;
growing plants to produce
biopolymers (natural
plastics),
Cleanproduction systems are
put in place to reduce the
impact of manufacturing
goods byminimizingthe
production of waste and
emissions to land, air and
water. Closed-loop
recycling (see below)
technologies are often
incorporated into clean
production.

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Closed-loop recycling/
production is the process
of introducing waste
streams backinto the
manufacturing process in
a continuous cycl e without
loss of waste from that
cycle. The textileand
chemical industries often
recycle chemical
compounds used in
processing their end-
products, resulting in
cleaner production.
Cold fabricat iommanu-
facturing - methods that
require no heat or pressure
and hence reduce energy
consumpt ion and facilitate
disassembly.
Design for assembly (DfA) is
a method of rationalizing
and standardizing parts to
facilitate the fixi ng together
of components during
production or manufacture.
Design for disassembly
(DID)is a method of
designing products to
facili tate cost-effecti ve,
non-destructive breakdown
of the component parts of
a product at the end of its
lifeso that theycan be
recycled and/or reused.
Efficientuse of raw and
manufactured materials -
reducing materials used
and minimizingwaste
production.
Lightweight construction -
reducing materials used
but maintainingstrength.
Low-energy manufacturing/
production/construction
techniques/assembly-
reducing the energy
required to make
components and/ or
products.
Reduced resource con-
sumption - reducing
materials used, especially
rawmaterials extracted
from the environment.
Reduction in use of
consum ables - reducing
consumables used during
the manufacturing process.
Reduction in materials usage
- efficient use of materials
compared with
conventional/t raditional
designs
Reduction of production
waste is achieved by more
effi cient designs and/ or
manufacturing processes.
Reusable buildings -
demountable, modular
buildings, which can be
transported and
reassembled in new
locations.
Self-assembly - the final
assembly is done bythe
consumer, therebysaving
energyin the fabrication
process.
Simple, low-cost const ruc-
tion - manufacturing with
simple, inexpensivexooling
and low-energyprocesses.
Zero waste production - the
elimination of waste from
the production process.
Recyclingand reuse
Design for recyclability (DfR)
is a design philosophythat
tries to maximize positive
environmental attributes of
a product, such as ease of
disassembly, recyclability,
maintenance, reuse
or refurbishment, without
compromising the
product's functionality
and performance.
Design for recycling (DfR)
considers the best
methods to improve
recycling of rawmaterials
or components by
facilitating asse mblyand
disassembly, ensuringthat
materials are not mixed
and appropriately labelling
materials and components.
Materials labelling
assists with improved
identificationof materials
for recycling.
Materials recycled at source
- use of office, factoryor
domest icwaste to make
new products in situ.
Reuse of end-of-life
components (remanufac-
tur ing) - taking backworn-
out or old components/
products and refurbishing
them to an 'as-new'
standard for resale.
Reuse of materials -
reusing materials without
changing their original
state. Bycomparison,
recycling involves some
reorganizationor partial
destruction of the material
followed byreconstitution.
Reuse of redundant compo-
nents - components formally
manufactured for another
use are re-employed in a
new product.
Re-used objects - any
complete object reused
in a newproduct.
Single material compone nts
- components made of
one material (a mono-
material component).
Use of ready-madesj ready-
made components -
components made for one
product reapplied to a new
or different type of product.
DISTRIBUTION/TRANS-
PORTATION PHASE
Flat-pack products -
products that can be stored
nat to maximize use of
transport/storage space.
Lightweight products -
products that have been
designed to be lightweight,
yet retain full functionality,
and as a result require less
energy to trans port.
Reduced energy use during
t ransport/reduction in
t ransport energy - this can
be achieved bycareful
design of products to
maximize packing per unit
area and minimize weight
per product.
Reusable packaging -
packaging that can provide
protection on more than
one trip.
Self-assembly - designs that
are assembled bythe
consumer, therefore saving
valuable space in transport
and storage.
FUNCTIONALITY AND
USE PHASE
Socially beneficial designs
Alternative modes of
transport for improved
choice of mobility- reduces
dependency on high.
environmentalimpact
products such as the
car and affords improved
mobility options for
minoritygroups, such
as the disabled.
An aid to reduce population
growth - helps keepthe
balance between population
and resource availability
and so slows environmental
degradation, social
exclusionand other
problems.
Communityownership -
encourages group rather
than individual ownership
and so improves the
efficiencyof product
usage.
Design for need - Aconcept
that emerged in the '9 70S
and was promoted by
exponents such as the
design academic Victor
Papanekand by a landmark
exhibition at the Royal
College of Art, London,
in ' 976. Design for need
concentrates on design
for social needs rather
than for creating ' lifestyle'
products.
Emergency provision/ distri-
bution of clean, safe water -
products designed to
reduce human mortality
and disease.
Encourages recycling -
products designed to
facilitate recycling.
Equal access for public
services - products to enable
minoritygroups, such as
the disabled, full access
to publicservices, such
as transport.
Hire rather than ownership -
products designedfor
hire rather than for personal
ownership, receiving
more efficient and
economical use.
Eco-Design Strategies
Eco-Oesign Strategies
Recycling and reduction of essence of the design and inclusion of environmental
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wasteproduction engage the designer management systems
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in examining design and/o r the use of basic
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recycled. Recycling- products that Scheme (EMAS) - an
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Reduction in use of
are designed to be easily independent lycertified
consumables - products that
recyclable by being made of environmental
reduce the use of
single materials or by being management system,
consumable s such as
easilydisassembled into which operat es in the
paper, inks, batteries, oils
materials or components European Union.
and detergents.
which can be recycl ed. Certification is awarded
Remanufacture -
by national bodies in
Reusable packaging/
products that are easily
individual EU countr ies
containers - packaging and
disassembled for
verifiedbythe EMAS
containers that can be
refurbishment to
organization.
reused for repeat trips.
remanufacture new ISO14001 - an international
products. standard for environmental
Designs to improve
Reuse - products that are
managemen t schemes
water usage
easilyreused for the same
maintained by the
International Standards
Water conservation -
or a new purpose or are
Organization (ISO) in
products that reduce water
easilydisassembled for
Geneva, Switzerland.
usage, and/o r facilitate
the components and/o r
Newstandards are
water collection.
materials to be reused.
emerging for lifecycle
Water generation assess ment (ISO14040 )
(freshwater) - products MISCELLANEOUS STRATEGIES
and eco-Iabellingand
that generate fresh water
Certification of products
environmental labels
from contaminated surface
(see also Green Organizations,
(draft ISO 140Z1).
or ground water, seawater
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)
ISOgool - an international
or water-saturated air.
standar d for quality
Eco-Iabels - labels attached
assurance maintained by
to products which confirm
the International Standards
DISPOSAL/END-OF-L1FE that the manufacturers
Organization (ISO) in
PHASE conform to independently
Geneva, Switzerland.
Conservation oflandfill
certified standards in terms
Certification is granted by
space - products that
of reduced environme ntal
independent national
decompose to release
impacts.
organizations accredited
landfill space or products Independently certified labels
bythe ISO.
that can be reycled, reused - a varietyof labels
or remanufactured to avoid applied to products which
being landfilled. signifythat the products Biodiversity
Encouraging local com-
meet specificcriteria for
Animal-friendlyproducts -
post ing/local biodegradation
reduced environmental
products that are
of waste - products that can
impacts, inclusion of
manufactured without
be locallydecomposed by
recycled materials, and/
harm to animals.
the owner, so saving on the
or materials/products
Encouragement of conserva-
from sustainable
transport energy of waste
sources.
tion and biodiversity -
collection and landfill
products that assist in
space.
promoting conservation
Product take-back - a
Environmental management and diversityas a result
system under which
and business systems of a corporate environ-
manufacturers agree to
Corporate environmental
mental or supply-chain
take back a product when
policy- a written
management policyor
it has reached the end
statement defining a
bysourcing materials
of its useful life so that
company's position on the
from habitats managed to
components and/or
environment with an on-
maintain diversity.
materials can be reused or
going audit of progess over Protection against soil
recycled (see also Producer
time. Existence of a erosion - products used to
responsibility).This can
corporate environmental avoidor reduce soil
fundamentally change the
policyusuallyindicates erosion bywater or wind.
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Protection of fish stocks _
products used to enhance
the survivalof fish stocks.
Green Organizations
ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH
Art and Designand the Environment Conscious ARCHITECTURE
Centre for Desi gn at Royal
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American Institut e
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Melbourne Inst it ute of
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GPO Box 247
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The AlA publishes the
for England, Wales and
Centre for Envi ronmental Northern Ireland.
European Design Centre Environment al Resou rce
Assessment of Prod uct and
Design Academy Eindhoven
PO Box 6279 Guide. in cooperation with the
Material Syst ems (CPM)
5600 HG Eindhoven US Environmental Protection
Chalmers Universit y of
Emmasingel ia
Net herlands Agency (US EPA). which
Technology
PO Box 2125
T +3' (0)402393009
includes articles
Gothenburg, Sweden
5600 CC Eindhoven
F +3' (0)4023939'0
and case studies of the
T +46 (0)3' 772 564
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Nether lands
Einfo@edc.nl environmental impacts and
F+46 (0)3177
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649
T +3' (0)402393939
www.edc.nl resource issuesfor different
EChri st ian Nan j i
F +3' (0)40 2393940
Promotes high-quality buildingmethodsand
chrnan@vset.chalmers.se
Einfo@designacademy.nl
integrated product materials.
www. cpm.chalmers.sej
www.designacademy.nl
development by provision
Centre for Sust ai nable Design
Design for Environment ofeducational facilities. Association for Environment
Surrey Institute of
Research Croup (Dfe) a databaseand support Conscious Building (AECB)
Art &Design
Department of Mechanical for engineers, product PO Box 32, Llandysul
Farnham, Surrey, UK
Engineering, Design designersand industrialists. Carmar thenshire
T +44 (0) 1252 892 772
and Manufacture
Inst it ut e for Engineering
SA44 5EI . UK
F +44 (0)1252892 747
Manchester Metropol itan
Design - Austrian Ecodesign
E admin@aecb.net
Ecfsd@surrart.ac.uk
University
Information Poi nt
www.aecb.net
www.cfsd.org.uk
John Dalton Building
Aust rian Ministry of Center of Excellence for
Chester Street
Consortium on Creen Design
Manc hester Ml 5GD. UK
Transport . Innovation and Susta inable Development:
and Manufacturi ng (CCDM)
Technol ogy wit h the
Affo rdable Ho using (USA)
Civil and Envi ronment al
E N.Caluwe@mmu.ac.uk
Vienna Uni versity of www.eren.doe.gov/ buildings
S.J.Poole@mmu.ac.uk
Engineering Depart ment
http:// sunl.mpce.stu.mmu.ac.u
Technology Jumpingoffpointfor
2158 McLaughlin Hall
k/pages/projects/dfe/dfe.html
Austria
information ongreen housing
University of California at
Design for Sustainabil ity
www.ecodesign.atjecodesign_engj
andbuilding, including the
Berkeley Instit ute for Sustainable
Energy Efficiencyand
Berkeley. CA94720-1712
Program
Design
RenewableEnergy Network
USA
TU Delft Subfaculty of
Campbell Hall
(EREN) 'Buildings of the 21st
http:// greenmfg.me.berkeley.edu/
Industrial Design
Universit y of Virgini a
Century'. Office of Building
green2/ Home/ lndex.hlml
Engineer ing Technology, Stateand
)affalaan
PO Box 400122
DEMI- Design for the
92628 BX Delft
Charlottesville
Community Programs.
Environment Multimedia
Netherlands
VA22904-4122
Centre for Alternative
Implementat ion Project
T +3' (0)'52782738
USA
Technology
c/o Depart ment of
F +3' (0)152782956
T +1804 924 6454
Mach ynlleth
Design Studies
www.io.tudelfl.nl/ research/dfs/
F +1804 982 2678
Powys SY20 9AZ. UK
Golds miths College
index.html
Euva-isd@virginia.edu
T +44 (0)1654702400
13Laurie Grove
Designit ion
www.virginia.edu
F +44 (0)1654 702 782
New Cross
Interduct /Clean Techn ology
Einfo@cat.org.uk
London SE14 6NW. UK
Design Facult y
www.cat.org.uk
T +44 (0)2079'9 7788
University of Kingston
Inst it ute (CTI)
Established in 1975os a
Einfo@demi.org.uk
Knights Park
Delft Universi ty of
resource centreto encourage
www.demLorg.uk
Kingston-upon-Thames
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DEMI i s 0 consortium of
Surrey KT1 201.UK
Netherlands
of living. CATnowoffers
institutions comprising CTf
T +44 (0)20 8547 7165
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substantive physical evidence
Art <J[ Design, the Design
F +44 (0)2085477365 IVAM Environment al
of waysin whichbuildings.
Council. Falmouth College of
Edesignition@kingston.ac.uk
Research renewable-energytechnology
Arts, Forum for the Future.
www.designition.org
University of Amsterdam and wastewater treatment
Goldsmiths College (lead EcoDesign C@mpus
1001 ZB Amsterdam can reduce environmental
institution). the Open Coordinator. Luigi Bistanino
Netherlands impacts. CAThas also
University. the Royal Society
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for the Encouragement of Tur in. Italy F +3' (0)205255850 and professional guides
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Elanzavecchia@araxp.polito.it Eoffice@ivambv.uva.nl on all aspects of lowimpact
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Centrefor Sustainable San Francisco, CA 94105
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Awardfrom April ' 998,
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T +61(0)2 9\ 64 0721
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Eenquiries@bre.co.uk
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ind ex.html Associati on category, the Ecology
CommunityEco-Design
PO Box 2001 Lygon St Design Prize, is awarded
Network (CEN)
North Brunswick
AWARDS
to products with reduced
PO Box 6241
Victo ria 357, Au str ali a
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impact on the environment,
Mi nneapol is, MN 55406
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CH4901 Langent hal Messegelande
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Switzerland
30521 Hannover
www.cedn.org EcoDesign Association T +4' (0)6292) 0) 33 Germany
Ecological Design
The Brit ish School
F +4' (0)6292316 22
T +49 (0)\ 11 89 32400
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Edesignpreis@designNet.ch
F +49 (0)\1189 32401
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www.designNet.ch
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of Architecture
Gl5 1QW, UK
DesignSense
www.ifdesign.de
Faculty of Design
T +44 (0)14\) 76\ \7\
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This is one of the most
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London SE1 2YD, UK
designawards in Germany,
Gart hdee Road Ecodesign Foundation
T +44 (0)2079408790
Categories include a special
Aberdeen AB92QB, UK PO Box 369, Rozell e
F+44 (0)2073786\40
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T +44 (0)1224 26) 713 NSW 2039, Australi a
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T+19,6 4865999
environmentally responsible
The European Commi ssion
subtropical and tropical
F+1 916 4865998
forest products in North
Brussels, Belgium
regions spanning thirtyf our
Einfor@globalfforg
America. The CFPC
countries. A companion
www,globalff.org!
endorses the 'well-managed'
http:/ / europa.int.eu/ comm/ Directory of Manufacturers
standards defined bythe
environment jemas
of FSC Endorsed Product s
International Institute of EU Energy Label Schemel
WorldWide, Spring 2000,
Sustainable Development
Forest Stewardship Council.
Membersinclude suppliers,
The Save Programme
includes 825manufacturers
(IISD)
manufacturers, specifiers
European Commission
fromforty-three countries.
Head Office
andindividuals,
Brussels, Belgium
Products include sawn
161 Portage Avenue East http:/ / europa.eu.inl / comm/
timber, veneers andfinished
6th floor
.......
energy!tibrary! save2000.pdf
products. Thechainof
Winnipeg
custody is also inspected by
Manitoba R3B OY4, Canada
S'I II . "Ilse.,
J;;S
the FSC, ensuring that the
T+1 204 9587700
endorsement with the FSC
F+1 2049587710
Duales System Deutschland
FSC
logo is not abusedby agents,
Einfo@iisd.ca
AG- The Green Dot (Der distributors, wholesalers
http:/ / iisd.ca/
Grune Punkt)
FSCForest Stewardship
orretailers. The extent of
National Cent re for
Frankfurter Strasse720-726
Counci l, UK
manufacturers' certification
Busi ness and Sustainabil ity
51145 Cologne (Porz Eil)
UK Working Group
is most advanced in the
The Peel Building
Germany
Unit D, Station Building
Netherlands (seventyjive
University of Salford
T+49 (0)22039370
L1 ani dloes sn8 6EB, UK
manufacturers), the
Greater Manchester
F+49(0)2203 937190
T+44(0)1686 413916
UK(158) and the USA
M54WT, UK
Epressestelle@gruener-punkt.de
F+44(0)1686412176
(185).
T+44 (0)161295 5276
www.gruener-punkt.de
Ehannah@fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
F+44(0)1612955041
Founded in 1990, this non-
www.fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
FSCForest Stewardship
EIhencbs@lhencbs.co. uk
profitorganization
Founded in 1993, the
Council , USA
www.thencbs.co.uk
administers Der Grune
Forest Stewardship Council
1155 30th Street NW
Punkt (the Green Dot)
(FSC) is an independent,
Suite 300
World Business Council for packaging recycling scheme
non-profit, non-govern-
Washington, DC 20007
Sustainabl e Development to complywith the 1991
mental organization,
USA
160, Route de Florissant GermanPackaging
which is responsiblefor
T+1877 372 5646 (loll free)
Conches, CH 1231Geneva Ordinance. Any packaging administering, monitoring
F+12023426589
SWitzerland markedwiththe GreenDot and tracking a programme
Einfo@foreststewardship.org
T+41(0)228393100 isacceptable for recycling. All to certifY timber produced
www.fscus.org
F+41(0)228393131 typesof packagingare from well-managed Global Ecolabelling
Eelleboode@wbcsd.ch accepted includingglass, woodlands and labelling Netwo rk (GEN)
WWW,wbcsd.ch wood, ceromics.Ierrous and for products originating GEN Secretariat
@)
Ter ra Choice Envi ronment al NAPM-approved recycled whichencourages F+44 (0)1372802245
-J>.
Servi ces, Inc. paperand boards are environmentallyand socially
E info@act in.co. uk
0
Z781 Lancaster Road guaranteedto containa responsibleforestry www.actm.co.uk
Al
Suite 400 minimum of 75 percent- management. SmartWood
ro
ATHENA'M Sustainable
1I1
Ottawa, ONT KIB1A7 recycledfibre contentfrom has certified up to one
Materials Institute 0
c
Canada genuinepaperand board hundredoperations
Canada
r>
ro
T +16132471900 waste, not mill waste. worldwide, which produce a
E wbtru sty@fox.nstn.ca and
1I1
F+1613247 2228 wide rangeof certified
Pan European Forest E jkmei l @fox.nst n.ca
Egensecretariat@terrachoice.ca
Certification (PEFC)
lumberand product s. The
www.athenasmi.ca
www.gen.gr.jp
PEFCCoun cil asbl
Forest StewardshipCouncil
BioComposites Centre, The
GENis not accredited to
zerne Etage
hasaccredited SmartWood
issue eco-Iabels but keeps the for its certificationofforestry
Universit y of Wal es
most up-to-date list of all
17 Rue des Girondi ns
operations. The SmartWood
Bangor
L-16z6 Merl-Hollerich
Gwynedd LL57 ZUW, UK
eco-Iabelling organizations
Luxembourg
Rediscovered Program
worldwide on its website and
T +352 (0)262590 59
certifies salvaged orrecycled
T +44 (0)1248370 588
details of the type of
F+352 (0)26259258
woodfrom demolished
F +44 (0)1248370594
products and materials
Epefc@pt.lu
buildings or waste sources.
Ebiocomposites@bangor.ac.uk
currently covered. GENlinks
www.bc. bangor.ac.uk
directly with most eco-
www.pefc.org

Specializes in industrial
labelling organizations'
The PEFC isa newscheme g
contract research on the
websites.
initiated by the private
processing of woodand plant
forestrysector. Forests (and
materials tof acilitate the
Group for Efficient theirtimber and wood
Soil Association
production of newmaterials.
Appliances (GEA) productoutput) arecertified
Bristol House
www.gealabel.org/ by independent auditors t o
40-56 Victoria Street
Building Research
An association of energy be managedin accordance
Bristol BSI 6BY, UK
Establishment (UK)
labelling authoritiesin with the Pan European
T +44 (0)1179290661
www .bre.org.uk
European countries (includes Criteria on the Protection of
F+44 (0)1179252504
The BREholds the National
Austria, Denmark, Forests in Europe, which
E info@soilassociat ion.org
Database of Environmental
Finland, France, Germany, wereresolved at the Helsinki
www.soilassoci at ion.org
Profilesfor a widerange of
Sweden, Netherlands and and Lisbon Ministerial
WoodMarkis the name of
common building and
Switzerland), the European Conferencesin 1993 and
the Soil Association's
construction materials.
Energy Netwarkand the 1998. It is a schemethat
internationalforestry and
These Environmental Profiles
EuropeanAssociation offers a common European
chainof custodyscheme.
document the material's
of Consumer Electronics framework, in contrast to the
The Soil Association is an
inputs, outputs andlifecycle
Manufacturers (EACEM) . FSC scheme, whichis
accreditedorganization t o
assessment, enabling architects
Labels areavailable for appliedtoforestsworldwide.
the Forest Stewardship
and theirclients, specifiers
a range of electronic

Council and is permitted to

and manuf acturersto assess
equipmentfrom PCs to TVs.
inspect and certifYf orests
the impacts of different
International Organization and theirproducts as
materials. Full access to the
for Standardization (ISO) sustainably managedunder
database is subject to afee.
Central Secretariat
ReSy GmbH
the FSC scheme. It is also Carbohydrate Economy
1 Rue de v arern be
Post fach 101541
the leading organization Clearinghouse, The
Case posta Ie 56
64Z15 Darmstadt, Germany
in the UK that independently clo The Inst itute for Local
CH lZ11 Geneva zo
T +49 (0)615192 94 22
certifiesfarm produce as Self-Reli ance
Swit zerland
F +49 (0)615192 94522
beingorganicallygrown and 1313 5th Street SE
T +4' (0)22 7490111 www.resy.dej ind-eng.htm
certified to bear the Soil Minneapoli s, MN 55414-1546
F +4' (0)22733 34 30 This companycertifies that
Association logo. USA
E cent ral@iso.c h
the content of paperand
US EPA Energy Star
T +16123793815
www.iso.ch
corrugated boardpackaging
Office Equipment
F+1612379 3920
f "
is suitablefor recyclingin the
USA
Ekmullen@ilsr.org
c- i' German paperindustry. The
www.carbohydrateeconomy.org 1'.
Elabelling@energystar.gov
ReSylogois usedwith the
www.energystar.gov Center for Environmentally
international recycling logo
Energy Starlabelsfor olfice Appropriate Materials
National Association of
af the Mabius loop.
equipment, buildingsand Department of Work
Paper Merchants (NAPM) SmartWood Program more. Envi ronment
Hamilton Court
Rainforest Alliance Universit y of
Gogmore Lane,
65 Bleecker Street Massachusetts Lowell
Chertsey New York, NY 10012, USA
ECOMATERIALS
One Un iver sity Avenue
Surre y KT16 9AP, UK
T +1212677 '900 Alternative Crops Technology Lowell, MA01854. USA
T +44 (0)1932 569797 www.smartwood.org and Interaction Network (ACTIN) T +19789343250
F +44 (0)1932 569749 www.rainforest-alliance.org Pi ra House F+19784525711
Einfo@napm.org.uk
SmartWoodisa programof l.eatherhead, Surrey, UK E Director , Dr Ken Geiser:
www.napm.org.uk
the Rainforest Alliance T +44 (0)13728020\4 kgeiser@turLorg
0
Green Organizations
y/ww.uml.eduf DeptfWEfcenters. the USA Information includes Di rectory. suchos biofuels. materials. Data include type
htm contact details. product or biocomposites and of material. percentage of
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material type, environmental biopo/ymers. post-consumer waste or
0
certified Forest
benefits and examples of recovered material, brand
;U
Products Counci l
Pan European Forest
f1)
applications. The publishers names, accreditationand
III
14780 SW Osprey Dr ive Certification (PEFC) 0
of the Directorywork closely contactdetailsof suppliers.
c
Suite 285
PEFC Council asbl
n
Beaverton, OR 97007
withthe California-integrated
zerne Et age
f1)
Waste Management Board to
III
USA
17 Rue des Girondins
ECOSHOPS
T +1503590 6600
revise keywords tofacilitate
L-1626 Merl- Hollerich
F +1503590 6655
identificationof products that
Luxembourg
Centre for Alternative
Einfo@certifiedwood.org
comply withUSgovernment
T +352 (0)26 2590 59
Technology
www.certifiedwood.org
ecological procurement
F +352 (0)26 2592 58
Machynlleth
criteria.
Powys SY20 9AZ, UK
Co-op America' s
Epefc@ptlu
Institute for Local www.pefc.org
T +44 (0)1654702400
Wood Wise Di recto ry
Self Reliance (USA)
F +44 (0)1654702782
USA Proterra BV
www.coopamerica.orgf
www.ilsr.org
PO Box 188
E info@cat.org.uk
wood wisef di rectory.ht m
The ILSR mointoinsan online
6700 AD Wageni ngen
www.cat.org.uk
Aimedat providing
databaseof moterials called
Net herl ands
EcoMall
informationf or consumers,
The Carbohydrate Economy,
T +3' (0)317467661
New York, USA
the WoodWise Directory
which lists state bystote the
F+3' (0)317467660
E ecomall@ecomall.com
publishes on online directory
companiesin the USA that are
E info@prot erra.nl
www.ecomal1. com
of paperand wood products
manufacturingmaterialsfrom
www.proterra.nl The Green Stat ionery
biologicalsources. Thisincludes
fromcertified and recycled
biof uels, biocomposites,
Salvo (UK)
Company
sources of'raw' materials. It
biopolymers, points,finishes
www.salvo.co.uk
Stud io One
also lists suppliersof
and cleaners with examples of
Established in 1992, Salvo
11 4 Walcot Street
'alternative' non-wood and
the use of waste or recycled raw
is Europe'Sonlyassociation
Bath SAl SSG
non-paper products.
materials.
coordinating the activities
UK
EcoDesign Resource Socie ty
Material ConneXion
of architectural salvage
T +44 (0)1225480 556
PO Box 3981
4 Columbus Cir cle
companiesand reclaimed
F+44 (0)1225481211
Mai n Post Offi ce buildingmoterials suppliers.
Ejay@greenstat.demon.co.uk
Vancou ver sc v6s 3Z4
New Yor k, NY10019-1100
Although membersare
http:/ / greenstat.ebusiness.co.uk
USA
Canada predominantlyfrom the
Jade Moun tain
T +16042552049
T +12124458825
UK, listingsinclude
PO Box 4616
F+121 24458950
F+1604 2552079
www.materialconnexion.com
companiesin Australia,
Bou lder , CO80306, USA
Epenner@infoserve.net
MaterialConneXion
Belgium, Canada, France,
T +1800 4421972
www.ecodesign.bc.ca/
maintains a database af over
Ireland and the USA
F+13034498266
product.htm
three thousand materials, SmartWood Program
Einfo@jademountain.com
FSC Fores t St eward shi p
including materials derived Rai nfor est All iance
www.jademountain.com
Council , UK
from ar cantainingrecycled 65 Bleecker St reet
Millennium Whole
UK Wor ki ng Group
content. This privately New Yor k, NY 10012
Earth Catalog
Unit D, St at ion Bui ldin g
operated databaseis available USA
Whole Eart h
L1anidloes SY1 8 6ES,UK
online and can be visitedin T +1 212 677 1900
PO Box 3000
T +44 (0)1686 413 916
NewYork. www.smartwood.org and
Denvill e, NJ 07834-9879
F+44 (0)1686 412 176
New Uses Council
www.rainforest-alliance.org
USA
Ehannah@fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
295 Tanglewood Drive Waste Watch and National T +18887326739
www.fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
East Greenwich Recycl ing Forum
Einfo@wholeearthmag.com
FSC Forest Stewardshi p
R102818-2210 Europa House
www.wholeearthmag.com
Counci l, USA
USA Ground Floor
Natural Coll ect io n
113429th Street NW
T +14018858177 13-17 Ironmonger Row
Eco House
Washingt on, DC 20007
F+14018215789 Lon don EClV 3QN, UK
Mon mout h Place
USA
Einfo@newuses.org T +44 (0)2072536266
Bat h SAl 2DQ, UK
T +1877372 5646
www. newuses.org
F+44 (0)2072535962
T +44 (0)8703 3
'3
333
F+1202 342 6589
The NewUsesCouncil is Einfo@wastewatch.org
F +44 (0)1225469673
Einfo@foreststewardship.org
dedicated to developing www.wastewatch.org.uk/
www.naturalcollection.com
www.fscus.org
andcommercializingnew The UK Recycl ed Product s
Real Goods
Harris Directory, The
industrial, energy and Guide wasjointlypublished
USA
nonfood consumer uses by the National Recycling
USA
www.harrisdirectory.com
of renewable agricultural, Forum and Waste Watch in
www.realgoods.com
This directoryhasbeen revised
f orestry, livestock andmarine
1998. It i s available as a Sustainability Souce?" , Inc .,
annuallysince 1992 andnow
products. It publishes an
bound copyoronlineat USA
listsfivethousandrecycled
extensive online listingof bio-
www.nrforg.uk and lists over Einfo@sustainabilitysource.com
productsandmaterialsfrom
products, The BioProdu cts
a thousand products and www.sustainabilitysource.com
@
.j:>.
ENERGY Internet informationservice US Environmental Attn : Peter Hi ndle
0
Amazing Environmental
about renewableenergy. Protection Agency Temselaan 100
;;0 Organization Web Directory - International Network for
1200 Pennsylvania 1853 Stomberk-Bever
fll
VI
Alternative Energy Environment Management
Avenue NW Brussels
0
California, USA
Washington DC, 20460
c
(INEM)
F+)2 24562849
n
www.webdirectory.comfScience Osterstrasse 58
USA www.spold.orgj FAQ.html
fll
jEnergyjAlternat,v<-Energy
VI
20259 Hamburg
www.epa.gov
British Wind Energy
Germany
LCA SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Association , The
T +49 (0)4049071600
26 Spring Street
F+49 (0)404907 '601
L1FECYCLE ANALYSIS AND SUPPLIERS
London W2 l JA
Einfo@inem.org
LINKSAND ORGANIZATIONS
Boustead Consulting
UK
www.inem.orgf
Dr Kohmei Halada's LCA Black Cottage,
T +44 (0)207402 7402
and ecodesign links East Gri nstead, Horsham
F+44 (0)2074027407
National Research Institute West Sussex RH137BD, UK
E info@bwea.com
INTERNATIONAL, NATIONAL for Metals, Japan T +44 (0)140) 864 561
www.bwea.com
AND FEDERAL AGENCIES www.nrim.go.jp:8080j ecomatj F+44 (0)140) 865284
Promotes the useof
Department ofthe
LCAj links.htm Einfo@boustead-consulting.co.uk
renewable wind power
Environment, Food and
An eclectic mixture of links www.bousteadconsulting.co.uk
and hason extensive listof
Rural Affairs
for LCA and ecodesign. Boustead Model version 4 is
publicationsforcommercial
Eland Hou se Life-Cycle Links by
the most extensive, up-to-
and domesticgeneration,
Bressenden Place Thomas Gloria
date, lifecycleinventorytool
plus a list of members and
London Etgloria@tufts.edu
on the market today,
suppliers. SW1E 5DC
www.life-cycle.orgj Academia.htm
drawing on over twenty-
Centre for Sustainable
UK Acomprehensivelist of
seven years' experience to
Energy
T +44 (0)2079 44 )000
the linksfor LCAfrom
defi ne inputs and outputs
Create Centre
www.detr.gov.uk academia, research
f or thousands of rawand
Smeat on Road Envirowise
institutes, government and
manufacturedmaterials
Bristol BS1 6XN UK
international organizations,
and processes.
UK www.envirowise.gov.uk
together withcompanies
Cambridge Engineering
T +44 (0)11 7 929 9950 Asource of practical
applying LCA.
Selector (CES3)
F+44 (0)1179299114 environmental advicefor
SETAC (Society of
Granta Design Ltd
Einfo@cse.org.uk business, a government
Environmental Toxicology
Trumpingt on Mews
www.cse.org.uk programme run by the
and Chemistry), USA
40BHigh Street
CSEprovides research, Department of the
1010 Nort h i zth Avenue
Tru mpi ngt on
consultancy, education Environment.
Pensacol a, FL32501-3367
Cambridge CB2 2LS, UK
and training in sustainable
European Environment
USA
T +44 (0)122) 518895
energy technalogy T +' 850469 '500
F+44 (0)'22) 5064)2
and systems. It also
Agency
Esales@grantadesign.com
hasexperience of delivering
Kongens Nytor v 6
F+18504699778
www.grantades lgn.com
local and regional initiatives
1050 Copenhagen K
Esetac@selac.org
Cambridge Engineering
and lobbying to assist
Denmark
www.setac.orgj
Selector permits
developmentof appropriate
T +45(0)JJJ67100
SETAC, Asia/Pacific simultaneous selection of
energy policies.
F+45(0))))6 7199
CSIRO Centre for Advanced material, manufacturing
Energy Efficiency and
Eeea@eea .eu.int
Analytical Chemistry process and shapefrom three
Renewable Energy
www.eea,eu,int /
Private Mailbag 7 interlinked comprehensive
Network (EREN) (USA)
Un ited Nations
Bangor NSW 2234, Australia databases. An accompanying
www.eren.doe.govj buildingsj
Environment Programme
F+61(0)29 71068)7 CD-ROM provides access to
builders.htm
Wo rking Group on
Egrahambatley@syd.dcel. onlinedocumentationand
Sustainable Product
csiro.au web links. Recently a new
Development
www.setac.orgf Eco-doto module has been
GENERAL
UNEP-WG-SPD
SETAC, Europe
developed by researchersat
Cent er for Renewabl e Energy Nieuwe Achtergracht 166
Avenue E Maunier 83
Cambridge University
and Sustainable Technlogy J.J. van't Hoff Institute,
Boq
together with connector
(CREST)and Renewable B-315
1200 Brussels
software, whichallows
Energy Policy Program (REPP) 1018 WV Amsterdam
Belgium
interconnectivity with
1612 K St NW, Ste 202 Netherlands
T +) 2 (0)27227281
Boustead Consulting's
Washington, DC20006 EUNEP@UNEP.uva.nl
F+)2 (0)2770 5) 86
Version 4 Life Cycle Analysis
USA http:/ / unepJrw.uva.nl
Esetac@pi ng.be
programme.
T +120229) 2898 This Working Grouphas
www.setac.org/
DFE Research Group
F+' 20229) 5857 beenwoundup but an Society ofthe Promotion
Depart ment of Mechanical
Emkcampbell@repp interesting gallery of of Life.Cycie Assessment
Engineeri ng, Design
www.CREST.org products isavailable on Development (SPOLD)
and Manufacture
CREST operates Sol st ice, an the web site. SPOLD European Centre
Manc hester Metropol it an
@l
University
John Dalton Building
Chester Street
Manchester M1 5GD, UK
EN.Caluwe@mmu.ac.uk
http:/ / sunl .mpce.stu.mmu.ac.
ukj pagesj projectsjdfej
pubsjdfeJJj list.htm
This is an online eco-tools
manual providinga
comprehensive reviewof
twenty-six LCA/ LO tools,
seven DfEtools and nine
pol/ution, Prevention and
WastePrevention toolsby
Nilsde Caluwe,j uly 1997-
PRe Consultants BV
Plotterweg 12
J821 BB Amersfoort
Netherlands
T +Jl (o)JJ 4555022
F +Jl (o)JJ 4555024
Einfo@pre.nl
www.pre.nl
Suppliers of ECO-it and
entrylevel LCAsoftware and
SimaPro, a professional
package basedupon the Eco-
indicator 99 methodology.
TNO Institute of
Indust rial Technology
PO Box5073
2500 GBDelft
Netherlands
T +Jl (0)15260 8745
F+Jl (0)152608756
Eecoscan@ind.tno.nl
www.ind.tno.nljenj product
develcpmentjecoscanj
prodinfo.html
Suppliers of EcoScanJ o
entrylevel LCA software
baseduponthe Eco-indicator
95and 99 methodologies.
RECYCLI NG
Alucan, Aluminium Can
Recycl ing Association (ACRAl
5GatsbyCourt
176 Holliday Street
Birmingham S1 lTl, UK
T +44 (0)1216JJ4656
F+44 (0)1216JJ4698
Ealucan@dial.pipex,com
www.alucan.org.uk
Alucan is a national
organization dedicated to
the col/ection and recycling
of aluminium drinks cans. It
claims a recycling rate of ]6
per cent (1998 data) of 01/
the aluminium cans sold,
which means that this
'material is the most recycled
type of packaging in the UK.
Amazing Environmental
Organization Web Directory
- Recycling
California, USA
www.webdirectory.comj Recycling
American Plastics Council
'3 Wilson Boulevard
Suite 800
Arlington, VA 2229, USA
htt p:/ / sourcebook.plasticsresour
ce.com
TheCouncil maintainsan
online databaseof sources of
recycled plastics and plastics
feedstock in the USA and
Canada in cooperauon
with the Environment and
Plastics IndustryCouncil
(EPIC) of Canada.
BritishGlass, The Manufac-
turers Confederation
Northumberland Road
Sheffield
South Yorkshi re SlO 2UA, UK
T +44 (0)1142686201
F+44 (0)114 2681073
Erecycling@britglass.co.uk
www.britglass.co.uk
In1998 glass recycling in the
EUexceeded8 mil/ion metric
tonnes, of which British
glass constituted 6 per cent,
or476, 000 tonnes. The
Conf ederation encourages
post-consumer collection
and recycling of gloss.
British Metals Federation
and Textile Recycling
Association (TRA)
16 High Street
Brampton, Huntingdon
Cambs PE28 4TU, UK
T +44 (0)1480455249
F +44 (0)148045J680
Eadmin@britmetfed.org.uk
www.bntmetfed.org.uk
The British Metals
Federation encourages
recycling offerrous and non-
ferrous metals in the UK.
It publishes a directoryof
members and provides links
to otherassociations and
organizationsin the
metals recycling industry
worldwide. The TRA
coordinates the activities
of somefortyfour members
whospecialize in recyclmg
textiles in the UK.
Bureau oflnternational
Recycling
24 Avenue Franklin
Roosevelt
1050 Brussels, Belgium
T +J2 2 627 5770
F+J2 2 627 577J
Ebir@bir.org
www.bir.org
BIRis on internationaltrade
associationof the recycling
industries.
Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
Kunststoff-Recycling mbH
Germany
www.dkr.de
DKR recycled around
600,000 tonnesof plastics in
1998 collectedfrom plastic
packaging under the Green
Dot system (see Duales
SystemDeutschlandAG)
and encourages recycling
and reuse of this waste.
DKR maintains an online
database of mainlyGerman
companiesthat manufacture
materials and products
from recycled plastics. The
organizat ionworks closely
with the designagency Bar+
Knell and organizes touring
exhibitions of their diverse
range of furniture, lighting
andfittingsusing recycled
plastics.
Industry Council for
Electronic Equipment
Recycl ing (ICER)
6 Bath Place
Ri vington Street
London EC2A31E, UK
T +44 (0)20 77294766
F +44 (0)2077299121
Epg.bscngobpf.cc.uk
www.icer.org.uk
The ICER is a cross-industry
groupexaminingthe best
way to improverecyclmg and
reuse of end-oflifeelearonic
equipment.
RECOUP
9 Metro Centre
Welbeck Way
Woodston
Peterborough
Cambridgeshire
PE2 7WH, UK
F+44 (0)17JJ J90 0J'
Eenquiry@recoup.or g
www.rccoup.org
RECOUP is the UK's
nationalplastic-bottle
recyclingorganization with
seventy:JVe members
including plastics
manufacturers, beverage
companies, retailers and
local authorities.
Textile Environment
Network (TEN)
c/o National Centre for
Business Ecology
Peel Building
Universityof Salford
Greater Manchester
M5 4WT, UK
T +44 (0)1617455276
F +44 (0)1617455041
Waste Watch and National
Recycling Forum
Europa House
Ground Floor
'3-' 7 Ironmonger Row
LondonEC1V3QN, UK
T +44 (0)20 725J 6266
F +44 (0)20 725J5962
E info@wastewatch.org
www.wastewatch.org.uk
WasteWatchpublishes an
online directory of products
and materials in the UK
madefrom recycled
materials. WasteWatch also
managesthe independent
Notional Recycling Forum,
whichpromotes recycling.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Centre for Environmental
Strategy
Universityof Surrey
Guildford
SurreyGU2 5XH, UK
www.surrey.ac.ukjCESjhome.htm
European Foundation for the
Improvement of Livingand
WorkingConditions
Ireland
http:/ / susdev.eurofound.ie
International Institute of
Sustaina ble Development
(IISD)
Head Office
161 PortageAvenue East,
6th Floor, Winnipeg
Manitoba R3B OY4, Canada
T +1204958 7700
F +12049587710
E info@iis d.ca
htlp:j j iisd.ca
National Councils for
Sustainable Development
The NCSD Network
-l>-
o
Al
I'll
VI
o
c
n
I'll
VI
Also referto Leo-Design
Strategies (p. 327)
SRs is a concept withfive
cornerstones aimed at
reducing the impact of
design, manufacturing
and products on the
environment - to reduce,
remanufacture, reuse,
recycle and recover (energy
byincineration]. 'Reduce'
impliesdesigningto use
fewer rawmaterials and
less energy.
Agenda 21 is a comprehensive
blueprint for global action
drafted bythe 172
governments present at
the 19 9 2 Earth Summit
organized bythe United
Nations in Rio de janiero,
Brazil. It is often interpreted
and implemented at a local
level in ' Local Agenda 21'
plans.
Atmosphere refers to the
gaseous components at
and above the world's
surface including the
important gases oxygen,
hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, methane and
ozone.
Biosphere is the term for the
living components of the
world that meet the seven
characteristics of life-
movement, feeding,
respiration, excretion,
growth, reproduction and
sensitivity.
Carcinogens are chemicals
that are definiteor potential
agents in causing cancer in
humans. Theyare classified
bythe World Health
Organization accordingto
their perceived risk. Group
1 chemicals carryclear
evidence of risk, Group 3
chemicals mayhave some
associated risk.
Carryingcapacity is a finite
quantity (K) that equates to
the ecosystem resources of
a defined area such as a
locality, habitat, region,
countryor planet. Agiven
carryi ng capacitycan
support a finitepopulation
of organisms. Stable
populations in harmony
with the carryingcapacity
are sustainable, but
excessivepopulation
growthcan lead to sudden
decline and/or permanent
reduction in the carrying
capacity.
Clean design is the
systematic incorporation
of lifecycle environmental
considerations into
product design.
Design for environment
(OO) is the analysis
and optimizationof the
environmental, health and
safetyissues considered
over the entire life of the
product. DfE permits
resource depletion, waste
production and energy
usage to be reduced or
even eliminated during the
manufacture, use and
disposal or reuse of the
product.
Design for manufacturing
(DfM) examines the
relationship between
resource usage and product
design using computer-
aided design (CAD)
and computer-aided
manufacturing (CAM)
tools for cost-effectiveness
and reduced environmental
impacts.
Design for manufacturing
and assembly (DfMA) is a
combination of DfA and
DfM thinkingand practice.
Design for X(OO) is a
genericterm where X
denotes the specific
focus of a design strategy,
such as DfD.(Design
for Disassembly) or DfE
(Design for Environment).
Downcycling refers to the
recycli ng of a waste stream
to create a newmaterial
that has properties inferior
to those of the original
virgin materials. Agood
example is recycled plastic
(HDPE) panels made
of multicolouredwaste
sources.
Eco-efficiency embodies the
concept of more efficient
use of resources with
reduced environmental
impacts resultingin
improvedresource
productivity, i.e., doing
more with less.
Eco-Iabel refersto labels
applied to products and
materials that conform
to standards set by
independent organizations
to reduce environmental
impacts. Thereare national
and internationaleco-Iabels
- see p. 333 for a detailed
listing.
Ecc-wheel, or ecodesign
strategywheel, is a means
of identifying strategies
that will assist in
making environmental
improvements to existing
products. It embraces eight
strategies: 1) selection of
low-impact materials; 2)
reduction of materials
usage; 3) optimization of
production techniques; 4)
optimization of distribution
system; 5) reductionof
impact during use; 6)
optimization of initial
lifetime; 7) optimization of
end-of-life system; and 8)
newconcept development.
Eco-tools: Ageneric name
for softwareor non-
software tools that help
with the analysisof the
environmental impact of
products, manufacturing
processes, activities and
construction projects.
Tools generally fall into
several main categories:
Lifecycle analysis,design
or environment, environ-
mental management or
eco-audits and energy
flow management.
Ecodesign is a design
process that considers the
environmental impacts
associated with a product
throughout its entire
life from acquisition
of rawmaterials through
production/manufacturing
and use to end of life. At
the same time as reducing
environmental impacts,
Glossary
ecodesignseeks to improve
the aesthetic and functional
aspects of the product
withdue consideration to
social and ethical needs.
Ecodesign is synonymous
with the terms design for
environment (DfE), often
used bythe engineering
design profession, and
Iifecycle design (LCD) in
North America.
Ecc-indicator is a single
numericvalue used to
denote the environmental
impact of a material,
process or product
used in specific
softwareapplications
and their databases . Eco-
indicators are calculated
in a two-step process, first
using empirical data,
then applying a weighting
calculated bymaking
subjective decisions as
to the degree of importance
of different types of
environmental impact.
For example, many
software applications rate
ozone depletion as more
important than acid rain
or pesticide pollution. Eco-
indicators are veryuseful
for determining the relative
environmental impacts
of differentmaterials,
processes or products,
but care must be exercised
when comparing eco-
indicators originating
fromdifferentsoftware
applications and databases.
Ecomaterials are materials
that have minimal impact
on the environment at the
same time as providing
maximumperformance for
the requireddesign task.
Ecomaterials originating
fromcomponents from
the biosphere are
biodegradable and cyclic,
whereas ecomaterials
originatingfromthe
technosphere are easily
recyclable and can be
contained within 'closed-
loop' systems.
EcoReDesign (ERD) was
first coined bythe Royal
.j>.
o
;0
(I)
1I1
o
C

(I)
1I1
Glossary
Melbourne Institute of wider environmen t. Thi s is efficient and Group G are efficient movement of
.j:>.
Technology, Australia, design to correct or the least efficient. Thi s people.
0
to denote the redesigning min imize a problem. scheme is due to be
Lifecycle analysis or Lifecycle
;:0
of existing products to expanded to other types (I)
Environment conscious assessment (LCA) is the
VI
reduce the environmental ofappliances.
0
manufacturing (ECM) is the process of analyzing the
c
impact of one or
(1
application of green Geosphere consist s of environmental impact of a
(I) more components
engineering techniques the inorganic, geological produc t from the cradle t
VI
of t he product.
to manufacturing to compo nents of the world o the grave in four major
Ecological footprint is a encourage greater efficiency such as mineral s, rocks phases: production,
measure of the resource and reduction of emissi ons and stone, sea and fresh transportrd istribution/
use by a population with in
and waste. water.
packaging, usage, disposal
a defined area of land,
Environmental impact Greendesignis a design
or end of life/des ign for
incl uding imported
assessment (EIA) is process in which the
disassembly/design for
resources. Assessment
a complex process of focus is on assessing and
recycling.
of the ecological footprint s
predicting and deAning the dealing with individual
Lifecycle inventory(LCI)
of nation states or
possible enviro nmental environmental impacts of a
is the pract ice of analyzing
other defined geographic
effects of public- and product rather than on the
the environmental
areas reveals the true
private-sector projects in product's enti re life.
consequences of inputs
environmental impact of
advance of implementat ion
Greenhouse gases are
required and outputs
t hose states and t heir ability
and of examining how to
any manmade gaseous
generated during the life
to survive on their own
mitigate the predicted
emissio n that cont ributes
of a product.
resources in the long term.
impacts. Or iginating in
to a rise in the average
Lifecycle matrix is a tool
The term ecologcial
North America in the 1970s,
footprint can also be EIAs are typical ly applied to
temperat ure of the earth, a
or checklist to analyze
applied to products but is constr uction , forestry,
phenomeno n known as
potential environ mental
more commonly referred infrastructure and housing
global warming, by trapping
impacts at each phase
the heat of the sun in the
in the product 's lifecycle.
to as the environ mental projects . In Europe and the
earth's atmosphere. The key
' rucksack' associated with UK public enqui ries and
Different types of indust ry
product manufact uring. local government planning
greenhouse gases include
create specific Iifecycle
carbon dioxide, mainly from
mat rices related to
Embodied energy is the total
department processes
fossil-fuel burning activi ties;
t he peculiarities of the
energy stored in a product
generally take the place of
methane from landfill
manufacturing process
or material and includes
EIAs.
sites, agriculture and coal
of their produ cts.
the energy in the raw Environmental management production; chlorofluoro-
Lithosphere is the geological
materials , transport to the systems (EMS) are carbons (CFCs), hydro-
place of product ion, energy aimed at improving the chlorof uorocarbons,
strata that make up the
in manufacturing and environmental performance (HCFCs) and hydrofluoro-
earth's crust.
(sometimes) transpo rt of organizations in a carbons (HFCs), used in Mobility path describes a
energy used in the systematic way integrated refrigerants and aerosols; route an indiv idual can
distribut ion and retail chain. with legislative and nitrous oxide from nylon take travelling between two
It is measured in MJ per kg compliance requi rements. and nitr ic acid producti on, poi nts using one or more
or GJ per tonne .
The international bench- fossil -fuel burning and forms of transport which
Endoflife (Eol) describes
mark for EMS is the agricultu re; and sulphur
are, preferably, integrated
both the end of the life
Internati onal Standard hexafluoride from the
into a flexible system (see
of the actual product
ISO 14001, which more chemical industry.
ITS).
and the cessation of t he
and more organizations
Greywater is the waste
Non-renewable resources are
environmenta l impacts
each year are meeting , but
water from personal or
those in finite supply that
associated with t he
nat ional EMS standards
general dome stic washing
cannot be regenerated or
also play a significant
product. Disassembly and
role, such as the Brit ish
activit ies.
renewed by synt hesizing
recycling of components
Standard for Environmental
Industrialecology is a holistic
the energy of the sun. Such
and/or mater ials at a
Management , BS7750.
approach that considers
resources i nclude fossil
product's Eol are
Other independent ly
the int eracti on between
fuels, metal s and plastics.
preferable to disposal via
certi fi ed systems exist,
natural, economic and
Improving the rate of
landfi ll or incineration.
such as EMAS operated in
indust rial systems. It is
recycling will extend the
Endof pipe (EoP) solution is the European u nion.\
also termed industrial
longevity of these
another term given to EU Energy label is a
metabolism. resources.
pol lutio n control in which classificat ion applied to Intelligenttransportsystem Off-gasing is t he term for
the by-products of domestic appli ances such (ITS) is a seri es of inte-grated emissio ns of volati le
manufacturing processes as washing machines and transport networ ks in compounds to the air
that are toxic or hazardous refrigerators according to which indivi dual networks from synthetic or natural
emissionsor wastesare their energy use, expressed use specific tr ansport polymers. Emi ssions
treated or neutralized as kWh per year. Group A modes but allow easy usually derive from the
before being released to the are t he most energy- interconnection to facili tate addit ives, elastomers, Allers
8
and residual chemicals
from the manufacturing
process rather than from
the long, molecular-cha in
polymers.
Post consumer waste is
waste t hat is collected
and sorted after the product
has been used by the
consumer. It includes glass,
newspaper and cans from
special roadside 'banks'
or disposal facil ities. It is
generally much more
variable in composit ion
than pre-consumer waste
(see below).
Preconsumer waste is
waste generated at the
manufact uring plant or
product ion facility.
Producer responsibility (PR)
prescribes the legal
responsibilities of
producers/ manufacturers
for their products from the
cradle to the grave. Recent
European legislation for
certain product sectors,
such as electronic and
electrical goods, packaging
and vehicles, sets specific
requirements regarding
'take-back' of products
and targets for recycling
components and materials.
Product lifecycle (PLC) is
the result of a lifecycle
assessment of an individual
product , which analyzes its
environmental impact.
Renewable resources refer
to those resources that
originate from storage
of energy from the sun by
livi ng organisms including
plant s, ani mals and
humans. Providing that
suffi cient water, nutrients
and sunshine are available,
renewabl e resources can be
grown in continuous cycles.
Smart product s are those
wi th in-built sensors to
cont rol the function of t he
product automatically or to
make the user aware of the
condit ion of the product.
Sustai nable is an adjective
appl ied to diverse subjects
including populat ions,
cities, development,
businesses, communities
and habitats ; it means
that the subject can
persist a long time into the
future .
Sustainable development:
According to the most
widely quoted definition,
published in the 1987report
'Our Common Future'
by the World Commission
on Environment and
Development chaired by
Gro Harlem Brundtland, the
Norwegian prime mi niste r,
sustainable developmen t is
development that meets
the needs of the present
without compromising the
ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.
The term contains within
it two keyconcepts:
the concept of 'needs', in
part icular the essential
needs of the world's poor,
to which overri ding priority
should be given; and the
idea of limitations imposed
by the state of technology
and social organization on
the envi ronment's abi lity
to meet present and
future needs.
Sustainable product design
(SPO) is a design phil osophy
and practice in which
products contribute to
social and economic
well-being , have negligible
impacts on the environment
and can be produced from a
sustainable resource base.
It embodies the practice
of eco-design, with due
attentio n to environ menta l,
ethical and social factors,
but also includes economic
considerations and
assessments of resource
availabil ity in relation to
sustainable production.
Sustainable products serve
huma n needs without
depleti ng natural and
manmade resources,
without damage to the
carrying capacity of
ecosystems and without
restricting the options
available to present and
futu re generations .
Technosphere consists of the
synthetic and compo-
site components and
materials formed by
human interventionin re-
ordering and combining
components and mater ials
of the biosphere, geo-
sphere and atmosphere.
True technosphere
mater ials cannot re-enter
the biosphere through the
process of biodegradation
alone. Synthetic polymers
such as plastics are
examples of such mater ials.
Transport energy is t he
energy expended to
transport or distribute
a product from the
manufacturer to the
wholesaler or retailer.
Locally manufactured and
locally purchased produc ts
tend to have much lower
transport energies than
imported products. The
unit of measure is M) per
kilogram .
use-Impact products are
consumer products
that create (major)
environmental impacts,
such as cars and electrical
appliances.
Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) are natural and
synthetic organic chemicals
that can easily move
between the solid/liquid
and gaseous phase.
ACRONYMS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
Materials, chemicals
ABS acrylonit ril e-but adiene-
styrene
CFCs chlorinated
fluorocarbons -
compounds containing
chlorine, fluorine and
carbon
CO carbon monoxi de
C02 carbon dioxide
HC hydrocarbon
HCFCs
hydroch lorofluorocarbons -
compounds containing
hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine
and carbon
HFCs hydrofluorocarbons-
compounds containing
Glossary
hydrogen, fluorine and
carbon
HOPE high-density
polyethylene
LOPE low-density
polyethylene
GRP glass-reinforced plastic
(polyme r)
NO nitrous oxide
NO
x
oxides of nitrogen
NiMH nickel metal hydride
NiCd nickel cadmium
o ozone
polyethylene (polythene)
PETpolyethylene
terephthalate
PP polypropylene
PS polystyrene
PU polyurethane
PVC polyvinyl chloride
VOC volatile organic
compound
Miscellaneous
EVelectric vehicle
LED light emitt ing diode
PV photovolt aic
CFL compact fluo rescent
lamp
UV ultraviolet light
DC direct current
AC alternating current
PM10S particulate matte r
(dust , acids and other
types) suspended in the air
and measuring less than
O.OOOO1 mm diameter
PV photovol taic module
PRN packaging recovery note
Further Reading
Books
Materialsand Components Hawken, P A B, Lovins and Henstock, M, Designfor
.j:>.
(1998), BREReport 351 , L H Lovins , Natural Recyelability (1988),
o
Building Research Capitalism: Creating the Instit ute of Metals, London.
;:0
Cb
EARLYVISIONARIES
Establishment , UK. Next IndustrialRevolution
Krause, F. and Helmut
III
(1999), Litt le & Brown,
0 Carson, Rachel, Silent Spring
Jones, David Lloyd, Jansen (eds). Life Cyele
c
Boston, and Earthscan,
n
(1962), Hamish Hamilt on,
Architectureand the Modellingfor Innovative
Cb
UK.
Environment: Bioelimatic
London.
Products aI. Processes (1 996),
III
Ecologist, The, editors of,
Building Design (1998), Institute of Materials and Chapman & Hal l, London.
A Blueprint f or Survival
Lawrence King Publishing, Glasgow Caledonian
Lyle, John, Regenerative
(1972), Penguin Books, UK/
Londo n. University, Manufacturing
Designfor Sustainable
Australi a.
Siessor , Catherine, EcoTech:
and the Environment
Design, (1994) , Wiley, New
Fuller , Richard Buckminster,
Sustainable Architectureand
(1997), Institute of
York.
Operating Manualfor
High Technology (1997).
Materials, London.
MacKenz ie, Dorothy , Green
Spaceship Eart h (1969),
Thames & Hudson, Kirkwood, RC, and A J
Design: Designfor the
Feffer & Simons, London
London. Longley, CleanTechnDlogy
Environment (1991). Rizzol i,
and Amsterdam. Vale, Robert and Brenda,
and the Environment (1995),
New York.
GreenArchitecture: Design
Blackie Academic &
Papanek, Victor, The Green
Meadows, Donella , Dennis
Professional, London.
Meadows, [ergen Randers
f ora Sustainable Future
Imperative: ECDIDgy aI. Ethics
and William Behrens III , The
(1991), Thames & Huds on, in Designand Architecture
Limits to Growth, A Report
London.
ECODESIGN, GREEN DEStGN,
(1995), Thames & Hudson ,
f or the ClubDf Rome's Wines , James (and Phil ip
00, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT
London.
Project on the Predicament [odldio [edl], Green DESIGN
Van der Ryn, Sim & Stuart
DfMankind (1972), Earth Architecture (2000),
Balcioglu, Tevfik (ed), The
Cowan , EcolDgical Design
Island, London. Taschen, Cologne.
Rote DfProduct Designin
(1996), Island Press,
Meller, James (ed) , The Woolley, Tom, Sam
PDSt Industrial SDciety
Washington D.C.
BuckminsterFuller Reader Kimmins, Paul Harrison and (1998). Middle East
van Hinte , Ed and Conny
(1970), Jonathan Cape, Rob Harrison , Green Building
Technical University Facult y
Bakker, Trespassers:
London. Handbook, A guide to
of Archite ct ure Press,
lnspirationsfDr Ecoefficient
Packard, Vance, The Hidden
building products and their
Ankara, and Kent Inst it ute
Design (1999), 010
Persuaders (1957). Penguin
impact on the environment
of Art & Design, Rochester, Publ ishers, Rotterdam.
Books, UK.
(1997), E& F N Spon,
UK.
Whi t eley, Nigel . Design For
London .
Beukers, Adriaan and Ed van Society (1993), Reaktion
Packard, Vance, The Waste
Makers (1960), Penguin
Hinte, Lightness: The Books, London.
Books, UK/ Aust ralia. BUSINESS AND
Inevitable Renaissance Df
Minimum Energy Structures
Papanek, Victor,
SUSTAINABILITY
(1999), 010 Publishers,
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Designf or the RealWDrld, Allenby , B, and D Richards,
Rotterdam.
AND DATA
Human ECDlagy and Social (eds). The Greening Df
Bill astos, Samir and Nadi a A
Brundtland, Gro Harlem
Change(1972), Thames & Industrial Ecasystems
Basaly, Green Technology and
et ai, Worl d Commission
Hudson, London. (1994), Nat ional Academy
Designfor the Environment
on Environment and
Wri ght , Frank Lloyd, The
Press, Washington, D.C.
(1997),
Development ,
Natural House (1 963). Charter, Martin and Ursula
Taylor and Francis,
Our CDmmDn Future
Hori zon Press, New York. Tischner (eds), Sustainable
Washington D.C.
(1987), Oxford Uni versity
Solutions: Developing
Brezet, Han and Carolein
Press, UK/USA.
Products and ServicesfDr the
van Hernel , Ecodesign. A
Curran, Susan, Environment
ARCHITECTURE
Future (2001), Greenleaf
Handbook (1998), The
Promising Approach to
Baggs, Sydney and Joan, The Publishing, UK.
Sustainable Production
Stationery Office, UK.
Healthy House (1996),
Datsc hefski, Edwin,
and Consumption (1997), Lees, Ni gel and Helen
Thames & Hudson,
Sustainable Products: The
United Nat ions Wool st on, Environmental
London.
Trillion DDllar Opportunity
Environment Programme, InformatiDn: A Guide to
Behling , Sophia and St efan, (1999), ) L Publishing, Paris, France. Sources (1997). The British
Soiar PDwer: The EVDlution Hitchin, UK.
Burrell , P, Product
Library, London.
oj Sustoinabte Architecture
Davis, John, Greening DevelDpment and the McLaren, Dunc an, Simon
(2000), Prestel Verlag,
Business: Managingf Dr
Environment (1996),
Bulloc k and Nus rat Yousuf.
Mun ich.
Sustainable Development Design Council & Gower TDmDrrDw's World,
Howard, Ni gel and David (1991), Blackwell, Oxford. Publ ications, London.
Britain's Share in a
Sheirs, The Green Guide to
Fussier, Claude with Peter Commission of the European
SustainableFuture (1998),
SpecificatiDn, An
James, Driving Leo-innovation Communities, Green Paper
Eart hscan, London.
Environmental PrDfiling
(1996), Pitman Publishing, on IntegratedProduct Policy
Systemfor Building
London. (2001), COM, Brussels.
@)
Further Reading
GENERAL
on sustainable bui lding ECODESIGN, GREEN DESIGN,
A quarterly hard-copy and
Antonelli , Paola, Mutant
design. D1X, SUSTAINABLEPRODUCT
onl ine journal published by

Materials in Contemporary
www.greendesign.netj greenclips DESIGN
MIT, which encompasses
0
mater ial and energy-fiow
;u
Design (1995), Museum of
The Biothinker
(J)
studies, lifecycle analysis,
III
Modern Art , New York.
BUSINESS AND
(Biothinking International ,
0
design for the environment,
c
Counsell , Si mon, TheGood
SUSTAINABILITY
UK)
product stewardship and
n
Wood Guide (1996) , Friends
A newsletter that promotes
(J)
Business and the Environment
the philosophy of cycl ic,
much mo re. Although
III
of the Eart h, London .
(Cutter, USA)
solar and safe pract ices in
aimed at academia, it i s a
Elkington, John and Julia
A hard-cop y and onl ine
relat ion to the design of
good source of technical
Hailes, The GreenConsumer
resource for business
products and services.
informati on, stat ist ics and
Guide (1988), Gollanc z,
executives worldwide to
www.biothinking.com
contacts .
London.
keep abreast of the debate
Ecocycle
http:/ / mitpress.mit.eduIJIE
Nat ional Recycling Forum/
on environmental
j ournalof Sustainable
management issues.
An onl ine newsletter
Waste Watch, UKRecycled
dedicated to product li fe-
Product Design
Products Guide (1998) ,
http:// eutter.eom/ bale
cycle management (LCM)
(The Centre for Sustainable
National Recycling Greener Management and the dissemination of
Desi gn, UK)
Forum/ Waste Watch, UK. Internat ional- Thejournal of information on pol icy and
A quarterly publicat ion
Philips Design, La Casa
Corporate Environmental technical i ssues.
that incl udes contri butions
Prossima Futura (The Home
Strategy and Practice www.ec.gc.cajecocycle
from academia and
of the Near Future)
(Greenleaf Publi shing, UK)
Eco Design
indu st ry to encourage
exhibition (1999) , Royal
A quarterly journal, which
business towards
Phi lips Elect ronics,
discusses t he develop-
(Ecological Design
sustainable pract ices,
Netherlands.
men ts around key stra-
Associ ation,UK)
products and services.
tegic envi ronme ntal and
This is the j ournal of t he
www.cfsd.org.ukjjournal
Philips Desi gn, Vision of the
sustai nabi lity issues and
Ecologi cal Design
Future (1996) , Philips
their effects on public- and
Association, serving its
ENVIRONMENTALNEWS,
Design and V+K Publ ishing,
pr ivate-secto r organi zatio ns.
membership of over 1,500
POLICY AND INFORMATION
Netherlands.
in the UK and overseas.
http:/ /www.greenleaf
Issues tend to be based
ENDSReport, The
Powers, Alan, Naturein publishing.eom
upon themes such as
(Environmental Data
Design (1999), Conran
Sustain
transpo rt , eco-products
Services Ltd, UK)
Octopus, London.
(World Business Counci l for
and self-build, but each
In continuous publication
Ramakers, Remy and Gils
Sustainable Development ,
incorporates di verse
since '978, The ENDS
Bakker (eds), Droog Design.
Switzerland)
editorial matte r from
Report is a comprehensive
Spirit of the Nineties (1998),
Quarterl y magazine
lifestyle to semi -technical.
monthl y print and web
010 Publi shers, Rotterdam.
providing examples of
www.edaweb.org
media journal offering
Taylor , Louise et ai , Recycling,
how members are tackling
International journal of
news, analysis and features
Formsfor the Next Century
the issue of sustainable
Environmentally Conscious
on environmental policy
- Austerityfor Posterity
development and
Design and Manufacturing
and business , with a UK
(1996), Craftspace Touring,
discussing current
(ECDM Lab, University of
focus informed by
Birmingham.
issues .
Windsor, Canada)
developments in the EU.
www.wbesd.eh
Examines the short- and
www.endsreport.com
Magazines,
Tomorrow
long-term effects of design ENDS Environment Daily
joumals, e-zines
(Tomorrow Publishi ng,
and manufacturing on the (Environmental Data
and news letters
Sweden)
environment and reports Services Ltd, UK)
A print and web media
recent trends, advances A daily electronic news
journal informing about
and research results. service focusing on
ARCHITECTURE
corpo rate environmental
www.ijecdm.com environmental policy
Environmental Design issues, providing analysis
j ournal of Life Cycle
developments in Europe.
Construction (USA) and offering pract ical Assessment
www.environmentdaily.com
A magazine covering all solutio ns. A journal devoted ent irel y to
aspects of environmentally www. tomorrow-web.ccm LCA for pract itioners, GENERAL
sound building design and
Sustainable Business
prod uct managers and all
GreenFutures
const ruct ion.
(USA)
t hose interested in reducing
(Forum for the Future, UK)
www.edcmag.com
A mo nthly online magazine,
the ecological bur dens of
Magazine that focuses on
GreenClips: Sustainable which collates news,
produ ct s and systems.
issues of sustai nable
Building Design News features and regular
www.ecorned.dej joumalsj
development illustrated by
Digest (USA) columns from the growing
lcajlca.htrn
case studies and init iat ives
An e-mail newsletter and arena of sustainable journal of Industrial Ecology
in business, ind ustry and
web resource providing a business. (Massachusetts Institute of local government.
summary of the latest news www.sustainablebusiness.com Technology , USA)
www.forumforthefuture.org.uk
8
Further Reading/Index
.j>.
o
;;0
(l)
til
o
C
;:;
(l)
til
Itch (magazine)
(Sustainable Solut ions
Design Associati on,
Denma rk)
A quarterly magazine,
whi ch focuses on
sustainability and fashion
for designers of textiles
and clothes.
www.psddk.comj_psd_htmj
info.htm
( Index
zpm Ltd 101 , 312
3MDeutschland GmbH 2'5,3 '2
3M, UK 270
3MTM 8000 215
3MSerie 9300 270
teo-Piece-KitArmchair 39
10939 Wedding Dress 126
Abbate, Cinzia 229. 304
ABG Ltd 270,3' 2
Acadia Board Company 278,3'2
ACATfibre board 292
AccuPlus Ultra 269
Ackon, Gabriele 42, 304
Acordis Speciality FibresfAcordis
Fibres (Holdings) Ltd 29',3' 2
Ad Rem Design '79, 304
Advanced Elastomer Systems
LP 297, 3'2
Advanced Environmental Recycling
Technologies, Inc. 292, 312
Advanced Vehicle Design '4 6,
' 49,3' 2
AElOOO Free-power Radi o 163
AEG Hausgerate GmbH "9, 3' 2
Aerodyn Energiesysteme GmbH
256,3'2
Aeron 196
AeroVironment, Inc. 148,222,223.
304,3'2
AERT LifeCycle, ChoiceDekand
MoistureShield 292
Aga-Rayburn "4,3'2
Agatha Dreams 19
Agro Plastic 296
Air Box 210
Air Packaging Technologies. Inc.
210,312
Airbag 22
Airfil 210
Airsaddle ' 53
Airtecture 238
Akeler Developments 236, 304
Akylux 210
Akzo Nobel Decorative Coatings
AB(Nordsj5) 298,3'2,32'
Aladdin Power 110
Alaska Center forAppropriate
Technology 292, 304
Alden& Ott 289, 3'2
AlessiSpA ,69,3'2
Recycler's World
(RecycieNet Corpo rat ion,
Canada)
Thi s is a worldwide tr ading
site for informati on about
reusable and recycl able
produ cts, by-produc ts and
materials.
www.recycle.net
Recycling World
(Tec Publ icat ions, UK)
)
Alfred Karcher GmbH & Co. "7,
3' 2
Alinea, Atelier, AG 85,3' 2
All Paper Recycling, Inc. 280, 3'2
Alliancefor BeverageCartons and
the Environment 338
Allison Bus 216
Almerelow-cost housing 233
Alternative CropsTechnology
Interaction Network (ACTIN)
334
Alternative Energy 336
AlternativeTechnologyAssociation
33
2
Alucan, AluminiumCan Recycling
Association 337
AmasecAiml 210,312
Amato, John ' 55, 304
AmazingEnvironmental
Organization Web Directory-
Alternative Energy 336
Amazing Environmental
Organization WebDirectory -
Recycling 337
AmericanExcelsior Company 282,
3' 2
AmericanHardwoods Export
Counci l 243, 250
American Institute of Architects
33
'
American PlasticsCouncil 337,338
Ampair Ltd 25',3'2
AmticoCompany Ltd, The 249,
3'2
Andringa, Jacqueline 81,34
AnnaChaise 79
Anstalten Thorberg 248,3'2
AnthologieQuanett 81,304
Apotheloz, Christophe '53, 304
APT BatteryAdapter 268
Aquair 100, Aquair U. W. 251
Arai, Junichi 291,34
Arbor Vitae 201,312
ArenaVision401 195
Argyll CF727 290
ArizonaFibers Marketing 285,312
Armstrong WorldIndustries, Inc.
249,3' 2
Arosio. Pietro 31,304
Artemide SpA 97,3'2
Trade magazine, whi ch
examines the latest
developm ents in
recycli ng technology and
new init iatives in the
UK and Europe and offers
a resource for tr ading
recycled materials
called Recyclers'
Corner .
www.teeweb.corn/recyde
Arzuaga,Amaya 125, 304
Asga 114
Ash Round Table 54
Association for Environment
Conscious Building (AECB) 33'
Association of Plastics
Manufacturers Europe(APME)
33
8
AstroPower 252
AstroPower, Inc. 251, 252, 312
Atfield, Jane 35, 43, 45,304
ATHENN
M
SustainableMaterials
Institute 334
Attila ' 73
Auropaints, oils, waxesand
finishes 286
AuroPaints/ Aura Pflanzencherme
AGjAure GmbH 286,3' 2
AustrianEcodesign Information
Point 331
Authentic Rooft'' 242
Authentics arti present GmbH 49,
'7
8, 189,3
'3
Avant de Dorrnir 61,313
AxorStarckDusche 262
Axor Starckmixer tap 262
Azumi, Shin andTomoko 71, 78,
34
BabyStingray 224
Baccarne bvba 227,304, 313
BaccarneDesign 227, 3' 3
Bakker, Erik 75, 304
Baleri l t ali a 197,313
Bally, Boris 27, 304
Bamboo Bicycle, The '44
Bamboo Hardwoods, Inc. 281,313
Ban, Shigeru 80,234,237 ,304
Bansod, Abhijit '9' ,304
Baohm, Fons 113
Bar + Knell (Beata andGerhard Bar
and Hartmut Knell) 30,68 ,8' ,
93,102,103, 107,304
Barlow-Lawson, Stephen 196, 304
Barnacle 178
Baroli, Luigi 197, 304
Bartsch Design 256, 304
Basi c Bass, The 165
Basket 2 Hands 178
Bastian 22
BdsjStudio eg 203
Beacon Print ltd 271 ,313
Bean-e-clean' v 287
Bedrock Industries 172,313
BedZEDHousing 239
Benza, Inc. '74 , ,85, 3'3
Warmer Bulletin
Focuses on resource
recovery and waste
managemen t, incl uding
reports on legisl ative,
technical and policy
developments around the
world .
www.residua.com/ WB.html
Bergne, Sebastian 49, 89, 304
Berkowitz, Adam 201, 34
Bernabei, Rina 86,304
Bernard Kerr andPejackCampbell
"5 ,3
04
Bernett, Jeffrey 100, 304
Bernini 86
Berthier, Marc 163,34
Besse, Hedda 111,304
BEST Buro fur Produktgestaltung
"7,3
0
4
Bey, Jurgen 25, 60, 74,227,304
Big Legs 22
Bill Dunster Architects 234, 239,
304
Bindoplast 298
BioT 287
BioAcouSliCFish Fence (BAFF)
270
BioChem Systems 287,3'3
BioComposites Centre, The 334
Biocorp 282, 313; polymer 282
BioFab LLCjPacific Gold Board
280,3'3
BioFoam 282
BioForm 287
BiomorphInteractiveDesklt d
'96
Biomorph Multi Desk '96
Bionelle 296
Biopac 215
Bioplast 282
Biopol'" 296
biopolymers 282-84
Biopur 282
Biora 298
BioRegional Development Group
239,304
Bioshield PaintCompany 286,313
BioShieldpaints,stains, thinners,
waxes 286
Biotec 282,3'3
Blackwall Ltd '58,3 '3
Blanca, OscarTusquets 228, 305
Blejer, Danilea, andSaskia
Bostelmann 229, 305
Blotter 23
BMW '32,3 ' 3
boards and composites 27880
boards and sheeting 292-93
Bob 169
BOC Distribution Services 21 9, 313
BodyRaft 23
BodyShop International pic ' 30,
3'3

BodyShop. The. range 1JO

Boeri, Cini 45.305
BogdanLight 92
Boner. Jorg 66. J05
gocntje. Tord 177. J05
Boox 61
Bopp LeuchtenGmbH 9J, 107. J1J
Boris Bally, Atelier 27
Bostelmann, Saskia (see Bleier,
Danilea,and Saskia
Bostelmann)
Bottle Stopper & Opener 175
Bottle-Top Stool. The 2J
Boustead Consulting JJ6
Boxchair 32
BPAmoco pic 259.J1J
BPSolar International 111 ,313
BPSolarex 259,J1J
Brass Cloth JOO
BRE. New Environmental Office
2JJ
Bredahl, Pil, and Liselotte Risell
J7.J05
BREE CollectionGmbH & Co. KG
l JO, J1J
Bristow, Stuart 177.305
British GlassManufacturers
Confederat ion, The JJ7
British MetalsFederationand
Textile RecyclingAssociation
(TRA) JJ7
British Plastics Federation 338
BritishStandards Institute 333
BritishWind EnergyAssociation
JJ6
Broess, Alfons 20, 305
Brompton BicycleLtd '47, J1J
Brompton 147
Brook Hansen 269.313
Brown. julian/StudioBrown 173,
J05
Bruggli Produktion&
Dienstleistung 153.313
BTMInternational Ltd 217. J1J
Buchner DesignStudio 278, 305.
J1J
Bucket Seat 25
Buderus HeiztechnikGmbH 255.
J1 J
BuildingResearch Establishment
JJ4
Bulo Office Furniture 57,J1J
Burch 267, J1J
Bureau of International Recycling
JJ7
Burkhardt. Roland 257. J05
Buro fur Form 182,35
Buro furProduktgestaltung 117,
256. J05
Buro Happold seeFeilden Clegg
Architects
Business Lines Ltd 216,313
BUT 184. J1J
Bute FabricsLtd 290. J1J
( 1 Recliner and Footstool 32
CabkaPlast Kunststoff-
verarbeitungsGmbH 293,313
CafeDuo HD 1740/42 "5
Cahen, Antoine 111,35
Calstart JJ8
Cambridge Engineering Selector
(CESJ) JJ6
Cambridge University 269
Campana, Fernando and
HumbertorCampana Objetos
Ltda JJ. 84. J05.J14
Canon IXUS 161
Canon. Inc./Canon (UK) Ltd 161.
207. J14
Can-a-Worms 158
Cantlva 290
Capa 282
CapeLight 92
Cappellini Arte/Capeum! SpA J4,
4J, 44, 48, 5' . 54, 59. 78. 80. 99.
100 ,314
Carbohydrate Economy
Clearinghouse,The JJ4
Cardboard Chair JJ
Cardnuff Ian seeVK&C
Partnership
Cargill Dow Polymers 211.284,
J
1
4
Carnegie fabric 290
Carrasco, Pedro 191,305
Carrington Performance Fabrics
296. J14
Carta 80
Cartoons 197
Ceccotti Ccllezioni srl '9.314
Celotex Ltd 20J. 285. J14
Celotex Sealcoat 285
Centerfor Environmentally
Appropriate Materials 334
Center for Renewable Energy and
Sustainable Technology
(CREST) and Renewable
Energy PolicyProgram (REPP)
JJ6
Center of Excell ence for
Sustai nableDevelopment:
Affordable Housing JJl
Centrefor Alternative Technology
JJ'.JJ5
Centrefor Design at Royal
MelbourneInstituteof
Technology JJl
Centrefor Environmental
Assessment of Product and
Material Systems 331
Centrefor Environmental Strategy
JJ7
Centrefor Sustainable
Construction (CSC) JJ2
Centrefor Sustainable Design 33'
Centrefor SustainableEnergy JJ6
Centriboard 292
Centriforce Products . Plastic
Recycling Ltd 292.294 , J14
Centurion 222
Cerestar USA, Inc. 282,314
CertifiedForestProducts Council
JJJ.JJ5
Chadwick. Don. and Bill Stumpf
seeHerman Miller, Inc.
Chalayan, Hussain 125,305
Champian, Brian58, 305
Chanvrisol, Chanvrilaine 284
Chapco Safe-Set 299
Charles Lawrence Recycling Ltd
296, J14
Checkpoint 216
Checktag 216
Chestof Drawers 60
Chicago Adhesive Products
Company 299, J14
ChoiceDek 292
CiroMagic '50
Citymobil C, 1J2
ClassiCon 72, 3'4
ClearvisionLighting Ltd '95, J14
Clerkin,Carl 25,94, J05
Climatex@ 290
Clips 94
ClivusMultrum2 Composter 263
ClivusMultrumCanada/Kingsley
Clivus 26J, J14
Coates. Nigel J6. J05
Cock& Hen "9
Cold Feather 217
Collection of Mammoth Pillows, A
70
ColorTrends, Inc. 287,314
Colorette 249
ColumbiaEmergency Water
System 26J
Columbia (seeComarco Wireless
Technologies. Inc.)
Colwell, David J2, 54, J05
Comarco Wireless Technologies,
Inc. 2JO, J14
'Comeback' series 93
ComforTemp 300
Communications Furniture 71
CommunityEco-Design Network
(CEN) JJ2
CompakSystemsLtd. 278.J14
CompaqComputerCorporation
254. J14
ComPoint 230
Composite Panel Associat ion
(CPA)and CompositeWood
Council (CWC) JJ8
Composite Wood Council (CWC)
JJ8
CompostConverter 158
Concord Lighting '95, J14
Connell, Christopher 56, 57,J05
Conservation 288
Consortium onGreen Design and
Manufacturing (CGDM) JJl
Constansta. Gonnie 75,305
Construcel 243
'context' andotherPaperback
papers 288
Conti, [ean-Rerni 165,35
Continuously Regenerating Trap
(CRT) 218
Continuum 288
Conversation Chair 33
Co-opAmerica's WoodWise
Directory JJ5
Coral 86
CorbinMotors, Inc. '39,3'4
Core Plastics 265
Corkran, JuliusT, andAlan Harp
204. J05
Corkscrew/ Lamp 94
CornCard International, Inc. 283,
J
1
4
CorrexPlastics 296,314
Correx 296
Corrugated PackagingAssociation
JJ8
CPM (Centrefor Environmental
Assessment of Product and
Material Systems) JJl
Cramer,Dan 59,305
Crane& Company 288.J14
Cricket 17J
Crisan, Adrian 254
CrissCross 241
Crowe Building Products 242,3'4
CRT (Continuously Regenerating
Trap) 218
CUADRO 25'
Cucina Duo 115
Cull-Uri Pack 211
Culpepper. Michael 4'. J05
CurtisFine Papers Ltd 288,3'4
Curva 205
Cutouts 188,314
da Silva. Ronaldo Edson 52. J05
Daedalus88 148 .
Index
Daimler Chrysler 'J5, lJ9. 142.
'44,J
'4
Daimler ChryslerCCV 'J5
Dalen, Dr Gustaf 114
Dalsouple Direct Ltd 246. J14
Dalsouple 246
DaltonLucerne Rare Fibres Ltd
290. J14
Danesesri 1]0,315
Dasic Aerostrip 299
Dasic International Ltd 299,316
David ZyneProductions 42,315
Daybed J6
De Denktank (DesignStudio) 205,
lOS
De Eurobank 227
de Haas, Marit '54, J05
De [onghe. Marc 266. J05
de Klerk, Sander 71. J05
de Leede, Annelies 1]2,35
DeckChair J6
Deep ECompany 129,285. J15
DEKAResearch & Development
Corporation 143,306 ,315
DELIGHT 196
Delite 145
DEMI JJl
depart 282
Department of the Environment,
Food and Rural
Affairs JJ6
Design Academy Eindhoven 20,
2),5). ) 0. 7', 7J, 74. 75,81.128,
'52, '54, '59. 165, 278,J06, J15,
JJl
Design for Environment Research
Group JJl
Designfor Sustainability Program
JJl
Designfor the Environment
MultimediaImplementation
Project 331
DesignPreis Schweiz 332
DesignSense 332
Designedto a '1' Ltd 98. '77, J06.
J
1
5
Designiticn 331,338
Designteam 160,245. J06
DesignTex, Inc. 290,300,315
Deuber, Christian g8,306
Deutsche BahnAG 216, J15
DeutscheCesellschaft fur
Kunststoff-Recycling mbH JJ7
DeutscheHeraklith GmbH 284,
J
1
5
DFEResearch Group 336
Dia ]2
Digital Mavica FD7JH 161
Ditzel, Nanna 44,36
Diva (n) Paradox J7
Dixon. Robert '49. J06
Dixon,Tom 43,36
DMD 25,42,60.76,9,227. J15
Dolphin-Wilding, Julienne J9, 5J.
J06
DOMIN041JO
DomusAcademy 104,243, 250,
J06. J15
Double-cup 176
Dougan,Brian 190,36
Dougherty, Brian 89. J06
Douglas-Miller, Edward 206. J06
Dr Kohmei Halada' s LCAand
ecodesign links 336
DrOola 200
Dranger, Jan(Dranger DesignAB)
46. J06
Draught, The 52
-l:o
o
;;0
(l)
V1
o
C
;:;
(l)
V1
Index
Driade SpA(Aleph)'9.32, \'.3'\
Drinking Vessel 177
o Droog Design 2\. 42, 60. 74. 76.
;0 . 90, ' 7
'
, '72, '76. 227. 306
Dryden ResearchCenter 222, 223,
o 306
C Duales System Deutschland AG-
The Green Dot (Oer Gruner
rJ: Punkt) 333
DumfriesPlastics Recycling ltd
294.3
'\
DuPont (UK) Ltd/ DuPont. USA
3
01.3
'\
DuraCane 278
Duralay 2\0,3'\
Duraplast 292
Durawood 293
Durex Avant! 180
Durex 180,315
Dyes 204. 3' \
Dyson Dual Cyclone range 118
Dyson. James/ Dyson Appliances
118.306,3
'\
E+Z Design 102,306
Earth Chair 37,3'\
Earth Chair 37
EarthSquare' 246
Earthsleeper'''' 180
Easiboard and Easiwall 280
Eastman Chemical Company 282,
3
1
\
Ecke, Albrecht/Ecke: Design 232.
241. 306
Ecochair 40
EcoCharger 268
Eco Panel (Buchner Design
Studio) 278
Eco Panel (Recycled Plastics. Inc.)
292
Eco Solutions Ltd 299.3'\
eco table/sideboard 66
EcoTimber International 281,3'5
eco-ball ,81,3'\
eco-ball' " 181
Ecobasic ' 33
EcoClear 296
EcoDesign Association 332
EcoDesignC@mpus 331
Ecodesign Foundation 332
EcoDesign Resource Society 332,
33\
EcoDesign seeNatural Choice,
The
Eco-Flow 282
EcoFoam 282
Ecole cantonale d'art de Lausanne
'4\.3
'\
Ecolo ,69
Ecologic, Inc, 228,315
Ecological Design Group, The 332
Ecology Design Prize 332
EcoMall 33\
EcoPLA 283: EcoPLA Business
Unit (seeCargill DowPolymers)
ecoplanjecornent 245
Ecoplast 29\
EcoPure 289
Ecos 298
eco-shake 240
EcoSpun 300
Ecostar, Inc. 242,315
ECOSYS 208
Ecotone Ambiance Slimline 112
Ecover factory, Oostmalle, Belgium
Project 238
Ecover/Ecover Products NV 181,
238.31\
Ecover 181
EddyWorkstation 200
Ehlebracht AG 2'3.3'\
Eiermann, Prof. E 50
EIUltimo Gnto 24. 30. 62. 77.83,
3
06
ElectricallyPowerAssisted Steering
(EPAS) 218
Electrolux, Electrolux Zanuss! 121,
'\7.
'
\ 9. 3' \
Electrotexliles Ltd 30.3'\
Elex Tex' 300
ElfAtochem 287.3'6
e-light 97
Elster 179
EMASEco-Management andAudit
Scheme 333
EMAS, EU 333
EnbiomassGroup, Inc. 285,316
eNDOSeAL 270
Enercon E066 2\3
EnergyEfficiency andRenewable
Energy Network (EREN) 336
Energy Savings Trust 219
EnergyStar Program 333
Enlund, Teo 20\.36
EnPac 283.316
EnPol 282
Ensemble Bio 199
EnviroFil1 283
Environ'" 278
Environment Conscious Design
and Manufacturing Lab
(ECDM) 331
Environmental Design Research
Association (EDRA) 332
Environmental PolymersGroup pic
230.282.293,3,6
Environmental StoneProducts
29\.316
Environmental Stone 295
EnviroSafe Products, Inc. 292,316
Enviro$en$e 333
Envirowise 336
EON 110
EPAS(Electrically Power Assisted
Steering) 218
Episola 20\
Epoch 293
Epson Deutschland GmbH 207.
3
16
EPSONStylus Scan 2000 207
Eraser Chair 41
ERF 219
Eric 41
Erik KroghDesign 49. 306
Erlus Baustoffwerke AG 241,316
Erosamat Type 1, iA, 2 270
Ersgoldbacher Linea 241
Esshelving 64
Escofet 1886SA 228.3,6
Espmark. Erik 92. 306
E-tech 1\7
Ettenheim, George/Ettenheim
Design 66. 306
EUEnergyLabelSchemefThe Save
Programme 333
Eurocomfort...with an edgelt''
12
9
European Design Centre 211,311
European Envi ronmentAgency
33
6
European Foundation for the
Improvement of Livingand
Working Conditions 337
Europol 29\.3'6
EVI ' 34
EVEC 217
Evergreen 246
Excel NE 264
ExoFly TrapTM 271
Exosect (X02 Ltd) 271
Eye of the Peacock,The 102
Faber, Oscar (Bill Dunster
Architects) 234
FanWing 223
FanWing 223.3, 6
Farm 2000 'HI' Boilers 252
Fasal corner joint 81
Faswall 29\
Faswall 240
Federal Environment Agency 333
FeildenCleggArchitects 233.306
Feldmann &Schultchen '7', 183.
18
7. 3' 6
Felt 12 x12 124
Feo, Roberto 24. 62. 306
Festo AG& Co, 224.238,3,6
Fiam Italia SpA 4\ .3,6
Fiat Auto SpA/Fiat Auto UK 133.
137. 316
fillers/insulation 284-8\
Filsol Ltd 2\3.3,6
Filsol Solar Collector 2\3
Findlay Industries 278,316
Findlay-Form 278
FingermaxGbr 182,316
Fingermax 182
First Glow 295
FishGuidance Systems 270,316
Fish-lamp 88
Fiskeby Board Ltd 288. 3' 6
FL\ Range 164
Flamco 266.316
Flamp 94
Fleetwood. Roy 232, 306
Flexrcrm".. 278
Flexipal 73
Flexitec 217
Flint Ink 289.316
Flirt 88
Float UpVP 3\.316
Flo-Pak Bio 8 283
FlowControl Water Conservation
26\.3 16
Flower Pot Table \4
Flying Carpet 44
Fold 17\
FoldingTable \8
Forbo-Naim Ltd 247.316
FordMotor Company 137,140,
273.316
Fortunecookies (Jacob Jurgensen
Ravn) 124.36
Foster &Partners 221,253,36
FoxFibre 290
Frandsen Lyskilde AS 9\.316
FranmarChemical, Inc. 287,316
Fred 234
FrederfctaFurniture A/S 28,44 ,
316
Free-Flow Packaging International ,
Inc. 283,3,6
FreeplayEnergyEurope Ltd 110,
162.317
FreeplayFlashlight 110
FreeplayFPR2 162
Freeplay5360 162
Freudenberg Bausysteme, Asto
GMbH (Divisionof
Fredeunberg Nonwovens LP)
24\ .3
'7
Fritsch, Antoine 144.306
Fritz HansenA/S 199.204, 317
FrogDesign 18\ . 26\ . 306
FrontCorporation 56,31]
Frontal 81
Frostex 293
FSC Forest Stewardshi p Council,
UK 333,33\
FSCForest StewardshipCouncil,
USA333,33\
FS-Linie 202
Fuel Catalyst 218
Furlmatic 1803 252
Furrows, Carnegie andWintext
fabric 290
Future \00. The 333
G9
0
'3\
GMN GmbH 261,306
Galleri Stolen AB 38,3'7
Gallery 28
Cardere, Adrien 106.306
Gasser, Danny and MichaelHort,
BenSheperd andQuisinh Tran
12
3. 3
06
Cebrnder Thonet GmbH 26. 3'7
Gehry, Frank0 49. \3. 306
General Motors 134.135,141, 216,
3
'7
GeorgiaInstitute ofTechnology
204
Gervasoni SpA 123,31]
GFX 2\4
Ghost 4\
Giasullo, Gia (seeSteinberg, Erez,
and Gia Giasullo)
GibsonGuitars 165,31]
Girand, Annand BrianChampian
\8.307
GiromachinesGmbH 150
Glas Platz 10\, '60.3'7
GlassKettle 116
Glass Sound 160
Glass Toaster 116
GlindowerZiegelei GmbH 24'. 3' 7
Global EcolabellingNetwork
(GEN) 333
Global Futures Foundation and
The Future \00 333
Global Shortwave radio 162
Gloria-Werke. H, Schulte-
Frankenfeld GmbH& Co, 117.
3
17
GlueMate
M
28]
gmp-Archttekten 216,37
GomezPaz, Francisco 104
Good Design Award- Ecology
Design Prize 332
GoodMorningMiss Moneypenny
83
Goods 169.189.3'7
Gossamer Albatross 148
Govaerts Recycling NV 293,3' 7
Govaplast 293
GP225 series 22]
Grammer AG 198.317
Grayand Adams 219
Grcic,Konstantin 64, 83, 1]8, 30]
Green&Carter 26],31]
GreenCotton@ 241
Green Dot, The 333
GreenField PaperCompany 288,
3
17
GreenStationery Company, The
33\
GreenDisk 206
GreenDisk 206.3'7
Greenwood CottonInsulation
Products, Inc. 284,31]
Gridcore Systems International
(GSI) 278.317: Cridcore'" 278
Cnffiths. Jason 8\
Grone, Ralfand DallasGrove 16],
3 7
Ground Support Equipment (US)
'9
6
. 3' 7
Groupfor Efficient Appliances
(GEA) 334
Grundig '5" Colour TV '64
GrundigAG'64, 3'7
Grune Punkt. Der 333
Grunert. Pawel 52. 307
GrupaDizajnera (see Jurinec,
Ksenkja)
Cutxe. Marti 94.307
H. Schulte-FrankenfeldGmbH &
Co. (see Gloria-Werke)
Haasa 215.3'7
Haberli, Alfredoand Christophe
Marchand ' 70. 307
Habitat 79.3'7
Hahn KunststoffeGmbH 293,3'7
Halada. Dr Kohmei 336
Hand (to Hold) 95
Hans Grohe GmbH &Co. KG
262.3'7
Harp. Alan(seeCorkran, JuliusT
and Alan Harp)
HarrisDirectory. The 335
Harwood Products 281 ,317
Hatton. Pamela 55.'70, 307
Haworth, Inc. '97,198,200,317
Hawtal WhitingEnvironmental
2'7,3'7
Hellos 223
Helmut 107
HempTextilesInternational
Corporation (HTI) 290.3'7
Henne Kunststoffe GmbH 293,
3,8
Heraflax 284
Hereford &Worcester County
Council 237,307
Herman Miller, Inc. 196. '99, 305.
3,8
Hermann Miller Office
Environment 199
Hermann, Anette, Designer, MOD
95,307.3 09
Hermes 144,318
Hertz. David 58, 307
Herz 81
Hess Naturtexlilien, GmbH 126,
3, 8
Hessels, Paul 258
Heufler. Prof. Gerhard 271,307
HockVertriebs GmbH & Co. KG
284. 3,8
Hofmann. Alfred '99,307
Hola Hoop 63
Holloplas 293
Holzweg 286.3,8
Homasote Company 279.318
Home Strip 299
Honda '34. '36. 3,8
Hocgendljk. Martin 76, 307
HookeForest {Construction} Ltd
235.307
Hooke ParkTrainingCentreand
WestminsterLodge 235
Hoover Group 120,318
Hoover QuattroWhisperEasy
Logic model AE230 120
Hooverwardrobe 66
Hope House 234
Hopton Technologies 287.3'8
Hoser, Christopher 160
How Slowthe Wind 29
Hulsta 'Muvado' range 82
Hulsta-Werkej Huls GmbH & Co.
KG 82.3,8
Human Factors 175,37
Hunton Fiber (UK) l td 249.3,8
Hurum Fabrikker AS 288,3,8
Husqvama/The Electrolux Group
'57, '59, 3,8
Hut Ab 83
Hutasoit. Renaldi 21,307
Hutten, Richard 77.307
Hybrid Bike' Fahrrad' '44
Hypodown 284
I Just Moved In 6,
lainSinclair Design 110,318
IBM IntelliStationE Pro 209
IBM Personal Systems Group
Design/IBMCorporation 209,
307.3,8
lBOI'" '43
iChef 114
lchi, Yoshihiro 208,307
ICI Americas 296.3,8
ICVS (IntelligentCommunity
VehicleSystem) '36
IDEOJapan 307
IDEO Product Development 111,
20
9. 307
lORA(International Design
Resource Awards) 332
iF (lndustrieForumDesign
Hannover) 332
IFCO Returnable TransitPackaging
2'2
IFCO seeInternational Food
Container Organization
IfoCera range 264
He Sanitar AB 264,3 ,8
IformABjlnredningsform 34. 40,
3,8
ijsdesigners 50, 307
IKEA a.i.r. 46
IKEA of Sweden 65,3,8
Impression 29
Independence Technology 143,
37
INDEPENDENCE'" 3000 '43
Index
Induced EnergyLtd "4,3,8
Industrie ForumDesign Hannover
(iF) 332
Industry Council for Electronic
Recycling (ICER) 337
inks 289
Inner Tube Ltd 13', 3,8
InnerTube,The 131
Innetak 298
Inredningsform (see tform
ABjlnredningsform)
Insight '34
lnstitut de la Duree 338
Institutefor EngineeringDesign -
Austrian Ecodesign Information
Point 331
Institute for loca l Self Reliance 335
Institutefor Sustainable Design
33'
Institute of Packaging. The 338
insulation 284-85
Insulholz-Beton International, Inc.
295.3,8
Intelligent CommunityVehicle
System (ICVS) '36
lnterduct/Clean Technology
Institute (CTI) 33'
Interface, lnc.ylnterface Europe-
Asia Pacific 246.248.301.3,8
Interfold 96.3,8
InterformDesign 220,307
International Design Resource
Awards (IDRA) 332
InternationalFoodContainer
Organization GmbH (IFCO)
212,318
International Human Powered
Vehicle Associat ion338
Internat ional Inst itute of
Sustainable Development
(liSD) 333.117
International Networkfor
Environment Management
(INEM) 336
International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) 334
lntratlarn'" 281
InxInt ernational Ink Co. 289,318
ISO (International Organization
for Standardization) 334
Isobord Enterprises 279.3,8:
Isobord 279
ItalianEnergy Authority 229
Italic 67
Ito, Setsu/Studio I.T.O. Design 56.
307
[VAM Environmental Research 331
Jacobs. Camille '70.307
Jade Mountain 268, 335
Jakobsen, Hans Sandgren 28, 204,
37
JamDesign & Communications
ltd 55.63, 80, 307
Jerome. Mike ,63.307
Jiffy PackagingCompany ltd 2'4.
3,8
Jiffy 2'4
John Makepeace and others (see
Hooke Forest Ltd)
johnsonCorrugated Products 282,
3,8
Johnson Matthey 2,8.3,8
[onger ius. HellalJongeriuslab 34,
'7
2.307
Josef Meeth FensterfabrikGmbH
& Co. KG 294.3,8
juiceCartons 182
Jump Stuff. Jump Stuff II '98
Junghans Uhren GmbH ,85.3,8
jurinec,Ksenkja/Grupa Dizajnera
59,95.307
Kafus Environmental
l ndust ries/ Kafus Bio-
Composites 278,3,8
Kango ,83
Kant, Judith 70,37
Karcher 670 M 117
Karisma 205
Karpf, Peter 34. 40. 308
Kartell SpA 6, .62 .3,8
Kartono, Singh S ,63,308
Kaststoel 73
Katayanagi, Tornu 45,38
Kautzky Mechanik 202,319
Kayak '56
KayserbergPackaging SA 2'0.3'9
Keirn MineralPaints 298,319
Keirn Paints 298
Kendo Stitz 202
Kerr, Bernard andPejack Campbell
(seeBernard Kerr andPejack
Campbell)
KF N Kaufmann Produkt GmbH
234,235.308,3'9,320
Kids Furniture 48
Kieboom, Nickie 278,308
Killaars, Remko '58.38
Kloberltd 285.3'9
Klug, Ubald 65.82.308
KnottedChair 48
Kokon 74
Kolaps-n-Tank 267
Index
Kolhonen, Pasi 22
Kontngs. Jan 60.38
KopfAG 225,226.3'9
Korb& Korb 204. 308
Kotkas, Aki '76 .308
KPProducts 289.3'9
KroghChair 49
Kronospan AG 279.3'9:
Kronospan 279
Kuckuck, Henner 22, 308
Kucospan (Kunz) 279,3'9:
Kucospan Life 279
Kwakkel, Eric-Jan '76.308
K-XFaswall Corporation, KX
Industries 240. 295, 3' 9
Kyocera Corporation 208, 261, 319
48 SolarLantern 111
LaChanvrierede l'Aube (lDCA
materiaux] 284,319
LaVie Prolongee 131
Laing. Patrick '75.308
lakeland Paints 298. 3' 9
lampholder 2000 pic '01.106 .
112,319
Lampholder 2000 112
Landmark Design 23,38
lap Desk '97
laybond Products Ltd 299,3'9
laybond QuickstockGreen 299
LeahyWolfCompany 287.3'9
Leapt" Seating 201
Ledanche 111,319
l ED,ooTE '95
lED Decorl ED 113
ledge 57
Ledtronics 113,319
leg Over 49
Leggero Twist 153
LesAteliersdu Nord/Antoine
Cahen 111 ,308
Levi Strauss, Inc. 127,319
Levis Engineered Jeans 127
lew San Ltd 272.3'9
Lewis, David 122,38
Lewis, Stan(seeSandham, John
and StanLewis)
LexonDesign Concepts 163,319
liebe, Thomas/AdRemDesign
' 79
Life-Cycle Links byThomas Gloria
33
6
LifeCycie 292
ufecycle' yarn 290
LightColumns. '995 '03
LightCorporation 111,319
LightWall 2 96
LightWorks (CharliePaton) 236
Ligne Roset SA 106,3'9
Lignasil 279
LignocelSA 279,3'9
linodur 249
linorette 249
1I NPAC Environmental kerbside
collect ionbox 174
lINPACEnvironmental '74.3'9
liquefiedNaturalGas-Powered
Vehicle 219
little Beaver 49
living Tree PaperCompany 289,
3'9
livos Pflanzenchem!e 286,319
Livos 286
lloyd loom of Spalding 36,3'9
LockClad Terracotta Rainscreen
24'
logamax plus GB112"9 (Linea)
255
.j:>
o
;0
(])
III
o
C

(])
III
Index
LaganaC124 255
Looker, Philip 29, J08
o Loop 91
:::0 Lovegrove, Ross 19.108.199.308
a: Lovell, Mark (Bill Dunster
o Archit ects) 2J4
Low Living 75
n LRC Products 18o, J1 9
a: LSKIndustries Pty Ltd 212,J19
LSRGmbH Recycli ngZentrum
294, J20
LuceplanSpA 108, J20
Lumalight Lamp 96
Lumalux 231
Lumatech Corporation 195.320
LUMINO Licht ElecktronikGmbH
220.320
Macchioni,Sergio/SMAC 88, 186,
J08
Madera 247
Mader6n 279
Maggi JO
Maier-Aichen, Hansjerg 18g.308
Majestic Slate 242
Makepeace, John, and others (see
Hooke Forest Ltd)
Malvinas 1}0
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge B& W Diesel
AG 219, J20
MAP (Merchants of Australia
Products) Pty Ltd 56, 57, 292,
J20
Marchand, Christophe (see
Haber!i, Alfredo and Christophe
Marchand)
Marczynski, Mike 216,308
Mari, Enzo 32,169.308
Marilyn.I CanSeeYour Knickers
JO
Marinho, Reginaldo 24J, J08
Marks&Spencer 219
Marlec Engineering Co. Ltd 251,
252 , 320
Marmoleum@Real/Fresco 247
Marmorette 249
Marriott , Michael 5J, J08
Mart in, Guy JJ, J08
MasoniteCorporation/Masonite
CP 279, 28o, J20
Massachusetts Instituteof
Technology '48 , J20
Mater-Bi 283
Material Connexion 335
MatrixComposites, Inc. 247,279.
J20
MaxFordham&Partners 233
MAZIN 283
McCrady, Paul '48, J08
McDermott, Ruth 86, J08
McDonagh, Julie l Jl , J08
McDonoughBraungart Design
Chemistry, LLC 290, J08
MDD 96, J20
Meadowood Industries. Inc.
279, J20
Meadowood panels and
sheeting 279
Medite ZF 279
Mega 1 185
Mega Solar 185
Mehabit 284
Meller Marcovicz, Gioia 72.79.
J08
Meta Morf, Inc . 21, J6, 48, 108,
'SS' J20
Metabol ix, Inc. 28J, J20
Metpost Ltd '58, J20
Metronomis 231
Metropolitan ExpressTrainGmbH
seeDeutsche Bahn AG
Metropolitan ExpressTrain 216
MGSL GmbH 294, J20
Michael Kaufmann Zimmerei see
KFN Kaufmann Produkt GmbH
MicroThermal Systems 300,320
MicroBore 159
Microclimate 116
Microll am 244,281
Miles, J R 7J, J08
Milk-bottle Light 90
MillenniumWholeEarth Catalog
JJ5
Milliken &Co. 246, J20
Mimid 271
Mind the Gap 77
Mini Desk Lamp 98
Min-LynxAmbience 11 2
Minolta, Japan 208, 320
Mirandolina 31
Miss Ceiling Light 90
Miss Ramirez 24
Mister Sunnyboy 265
Miyashita. Shin 161 . 308
Model 290Fchair 26
Model 4070 furniture 201
Modena 245
Moerel. Marre 23,87, 100,178,
J08
Moinat, Christophe ; 45, J08
MoistureShield 292
Molls]o, Carina 29' , J08
Monodraught Ltd 242, J20
Monotub Industries 119,320
MoonlightAussenleuchten GmbH
107,320
Moonlight MFL 107
Moore, Isabelle J9, J09
MoormannMabel Produktions-
und Handels GmbH 64, J20,
J21
Moormann, Nils Holger
(Moormann Mobel) 83, J21
Mooving Image 55
Morphy One project 168
Morris, Steve (seeThorp, Ian and
Steve Morris)
Morrison, Jasper J5, 5' , 54, 59, J09
MrToyozo (seeToyozo, Mr)
MSKCorporation 258.320
MUJlAIRsofas 46
Mult fboard Kraft, Offset, Ecofrost
288
Multibridwind energyconverter
256
Multipla, Multipla Hybrid Power
lJ6
Mullisync LT140 209
MusclePowertoothbrush 184
MusclePower, MOY 184,320
'Muvado'range 82
N2 66,76,98, J09
N.C.F.R. Homasote 278
N Fornitore 157.321
NASA 222, 22J, J09
NationalAssociation of Paper
Merchants (NAPM) JJ4, JJ8
National Centrefor Business and
Sustainability JJJ
NationalCouncils for Sustainable
Development 337
National Recycling Forum 335,
JJ7
NationalStarch & Chemical
Company 282, 320
Nativa Rubber 285
Natura 198
Natural Choice, The (EcoDesign)
286, J15, J20
Natural Collection JJ5
NaturalCottonColours. Inc. 2g0,
J20
Natural FibersCorporation 284.
J20
Natura! Gourd Packaging 211
Nature Technology Symbiosis 74
Nature'sChoiceTrellisRange 158
Naur, Mikala 88, J09
Navigator series 228
NECDeutschland GmbH 209, J21
NECAR 4 142
Nervo, Paulo 7J, J09
Netlon Group, The 272, J21
New LeafPaper 288,321
NewNomads 127
New Uses Council JJ5
News Design DfEAB 46, J21
Nexus Cycle 145
NHoOl 296
Niemeir,Tim 156, 309 .
Nifty Palmtop Users Group/ Nifty
Hewlett Packard PCuserforum
168, J09
NighteyeGmbH 'SS' J21
NIGHTEYE '55
Nijland, Paul 57,J09
Nils Holger Moormann Mobel
Produktions- und Handels
GmbH seeMoormannMobel
Nimbus 231
Nisso Engineering Co Ltd (NSEI
110,321
Nomad 78
Non-Stop Doors (NSD) 255
Non-Stop Shoes(NSS) 254
Nordsjo seeAkzoNobel
Dekorativ
Ncr elj Unisource 283.321
North Wood Plast ics, Inc. 29J,
J21
Northern Fleet Chandelier 91
NovaCruz ProductsLLC 150,
J21
Nova Form/Kautzky Mechanik
202, 321
NovamontSpA 283.321
Novon International 283.321;
Novon 28J
Novotex A/S 29' , J21
NSD [Non-Stop Doors) 255
NSS(Non-Stop Shoes) 254
Nuna Corporation 291,300,32 1
Nutshell Natural Paints 286, J21
Nutshell 286
NuvoMedia, Inc. 167,321
02 Network JJ2
Oak Product Design 172,309
Oasischairs 19
Obinjo 98
Ocean Kayak '56, J21
Ohlsson, Daniel 129, J09
0hre, [anne 96, J09
Oko-Lavarnat86720"" 119
Old FashionedMilk Paint
Company 286, J21
OptareInternational 221, 321
Orange 27J,J21
ORBITA Film GmbH 296, J21
Origami Zaisu 31
Orso Design (Marc De Jonghe)
266
Orso Rain Collector 266
OS Color 286
Oslapas. Arunas 190.309
OsramSylvania 231 .321
Ostermann & Schefwe 287, 321
Osterreichische Heraklith AG 284,
J21
OTO chair J4
Otterskin 300
Oxfarn/Core Plastics 265, J09
'Oxfam bucket' 265
Oxo International 175. 310, 321
OZ2J 121
P2000 HFC Prodigy lJ7
PT SudimarEnergi Surya 258,321
P. Schi ebel Elektronische Cerate
AG 27' , J21
P.C.D. Maltron Ltd 207, J22
PHA 28J
PLA 28J
Pacific Beard" 280
PacificGold Board 280
Pacific Northwest Fiber 280,321
Padr6s, Emili 254, 255, J09
PagePr08 208
paints/ varni shes 286.87,298' 99
Pallecon 3Autoflow 212
PallucoItalia SpA 98, J21
PaloAlto Products International
167, J09
Pan European Forest Certification
(PEFC) JJ4, JJ5
Papa-Papel 52, J22
Paperback papers 288
Paperback 289, J22
papers 28889
Papertex 247
Papier Teppich 248
Paradigma CPCStar 256
Parallam 244
Partek Insulations, Inc. 294,3 22
Partek 294
Partner Elect ric 220
Patagonia 154, 322
Paton, Charlie 2J6, J09
Payne, Terry 242
Pedal Lawnmower 159
Pellone. Giovanni and Means,
Bridget/ Benza, Inc. 185, J09
Pendlewood 228, J22
Pesavento, Luciano and Roberto
Pezzetta 121,309
Pet Pod
T
'" 187
Peugeot/Peugeot Motor Co pic
220,3 22
PharosFloor Lamp 99
Phenix Biocomposites, LLC 278,
J22
Philips CorporateDesign 11 5, 127.
128, 160,164, 166, '95, 2Jl , J09
Philips EcotoneAmbiance "3
Philips Electronics NV 11 5, 116.
160, 16J,164, 166, '95, 2Jl, J22
Philips Lighting BV 112, "J, J09
Philips, Stephen/Stephen Philips
Design 92, J09
PhoenixThermos 186
Pickup, The 149
Picto 202
Pierce International, Inc. 280.322
Pillet, Christopher '9, J09
Pin Up Clock 185
Pinnacle Technology, Inc. (PTI)
296, J22
Pinturas Proa 298, 322
Plaky 56
Planet DC 121
Planet 121,322
PlanexGmbH 294, J22
Plant Polymer Technologies, Inc.
284, J22
plastic profiles 29J'94
Plastics fth Industry Ltd 29, J22
Plaswood 294
PlayIt AgainSam JOo
Plug It 62
Plumbers' Cart 152
Plush Tap 265
PlyChair J5
Plyboo J5
PLYBOO 248
P0/9902CD 100
P0 98 l0 /lOC, " /"c' 12/12C 99
Pod Floating Lounger '55
Pod Lens 108
POLTI Ecologico AS810 117
Polti SpA 117,118, J22
POLTI Vaporetto 2400 118
Polvara, Giulio 62, J09
Polyana 420 27J
Poly-Beek-Kunststoff-Handels-
GmbH 294, J22
polymers 296'97
Polyp 86
Polyvalpic 282, J22
Porcelain Stool, The J4
Porous Pipe Ltd '59, J22
Porsche, FA 208, J09
PostIt Lamp 101
PotmolenPaints 287, 322
Pouffe (by Erik Bakker) 75
Pouffe (by Isabell Moore) J9
PowabykeLtd ' 5' , J22
Powabyke range 151
POWER Cell 257
Powerglass 105
PowerMakers PlusLtd 218,322
Prairie Forest Products 280, 322
PReConsultants BV JJ7
Premsela & Vonk 214, J09
Presswood Pallet 213
Preta Porter 125, 39
Priestman, Paul 123,309
Pnmeboard. Inc. 281,322
Prins DokkumBV 218, 309. 322
Prius 138
Product 2000 lt d 295. 322
Product-LifeInstitute, The JJ8
Produkt Entwicklung Roericht 202,
J09
PROFORMDesign '55, J09
Propadex 297
Proterra BVJJ5
Puot ila, Ritva 247.309
Pureprint 2]1
PURUS KunststoflWerke GmbH
294, J22
q-bac 42
Quentin 87
RH Sustainable Design 104,39
RA 226
RA82 225
Radius GmbH 89, J22
Ragchair 42
Rattan bicycle 147
Rayotecltd 260, J22
RCP2 4J
RealGoods JJ5
RECOUP JJ7
Recycled Plastics, Inc. 292, 323
Recydur 294
Red Bank ManufacturingCompany
24
',
J2J
Reed Corrugated Cases 215, 323
Reedy. Colin 21, J6, 48, J09
REEEl 77.176, J2J
Rein '58, J2J
Remarkable Pencils Ltd 206, J2J
Remarkable Recycled Pencil 206
Remy, Tejo 42,60.90, J09
Re-NewWood 240, 323
Renewable Energy Policy Program
(REPP) JJ6
Re- RelumaGmbH 294. J2J
Resincore 280
ReSy GmbH JJ4
Retail Place lt d 7J. J2J
Retreeve 288
Re-vislon' v printingpaper 289
Rexarn 213,323
Rexite SpA 17J, J2J
Rexpak'" 213
Reykjavik 248
RIBASustainabilityAward 2000
JJJ
RibeiroBandeiradevienna .
Manuel 104
nese undmullerGmbH 145,323
Rilsan 287
Ritter Energie-undUrnwelttechnik
GmbH & Co. KG 256, J2J
Robert Cullen &Sons l td 211 , J2J
Robostacker 63
ROCKET eBOOK 167
Rocky Mountain Institute 338
Rodman Industries 280,323
Rogers, Mark 184. JlO
Rohner Textil AG 290, J2J
Roland Plastics. Strida ltd ' 46,
J2J
Rollerbag 187
Rolls Royce 224, J2J
Ron InkCompany 289. J2J
Rondo 117
Rothli sberger Schrelnerei AG 65,
82, J2J
RotterdamAcademyof
Architecture &UrbanPlanning
211
Royal Insti tute of British Architects
JJ2
Royal MelbourneInstitute of
Technology JJl
Ruano, Maria 172, 310
Rutland 913Windcharger 251
5 Chair 4J
Sadler, Marc 250,310
Safe Tap 266
Safeglass (Europe) lt d 295, J2J
Safeglass 295
SailbuoyCanvas 102
Sait 56
Saitek Industries Ltd 268,323
Salvo JJ5
Sams Design 21S, 310
Sanders, Mark 146,310
Sandham, John and Stan Lewis
272, 310
Sanford UK 205, J2J
SantoRoy 9' , JlO
Santoprene 297
Savaplug 268
Savatree 288
SAVAWatt (UK) ltd 268, J2J
Save ACup RecyclingCompany
206. J2J
Save ACup 206
Save Programme, The JJJ
SaveWood Products ltd 29J, J2J
Savvy 166
SCHAFER ECO KEG 214
Schafer WerkeGmbH 214, J2J
Schauman Wood Oy 280. J2J;
SchaumanWisa 280
Schmid, Herbert (see Steinmann,
Peter and Herbert Schmid)
Schneider, Wulf, Prof. and Partners
26, Jl0
Scholler Textil JOo, J2J
Schraag 57
Schreuder, Hans 184,310
Scimat 700/Jo and 700/J5 268
SciMAT l td 268, J2J
Scottish EcoDesignAssociation
(SEDA) 332
Sculptures-Jeux 94, J2J
sdb Industries bv 66,76, J2J
Seawater Greenhouse,The 236
Seiko Epson Corporation 207,310
SensaTlo! Pen 206
Sensor Sportswear 128
Sensor Systems Watchman 217,
J2J
SETAC (Societyof Environmental
Toxicologyand Chemistry), USA
JJ6
SETAC, A'ia/PaCifi c JJ6
SETAC, Europe JJ6
Seymour Powell ltd '45, JlO
SheffieldUniversity 269
Shelf System 69
Shell 65
Shetka, Stanley 46, JlO;
ShetkaBoard 280
Shiotani, Yasushi 161,310
Showa Highpolymer Co. 296, 324
Shumacher, Sheri 69. JlO
Silencio 6 249
Simmons,Roland 96,310
SimplexProducts 280, J24
Simplicitas 20S, 324
SINEseat 229
Single-handed Keyboard 207
Skoot International Ltd 15,324
Skoot '50
Skystreme 729 model 156
Skystreme UKlt d '56, J24
SU li ghting lt d 112, J24
SlickSlick 20
Slough Rubber Company l td '5J,
J
2
4
SL-Torch 111
SMAC 186, J08
Smart Car 139
Smart Deck 250
Smart Design seeOXQ
International
SmartDeck Systems 250, 324
SmartWood les Paul 165
SmartWood Program JJ4, JJ5
Smith & Fong Company 248, J24
Smith Anderson & Co. ltd 289,
J
2
4
Smith. Janice 47. Jl0
Snow 22,324
Society for Responsible Design
(SRD) JJ2
Society of Environmental
Toxicology andChemistry
(SETAC) JJ6
Society of the Promotion of Life-
CycleAssessment (SPOLD)
JJ6
Sofanco 228
Soft Box 100
Soh Fan 12J
Soft Vase, The 172
Soil Association 334
Solar Bud 108
Solar Century Holdings ltd 260,
Jl0, J24
Solar Cooker 115
Solar Cookers International 115,
J
2
4
Solar ElectricVehicle 221
Solar Homes Systems 2S8
Index
SolarMoonPortable Renewable
EnergyUnit 258
Solar Mower 159
SolarOffice, Duxford International
BusinessPark 236
Solar Powered Service Station
Canopy 259
Solar Shingle-SHR" 7, The 258
Solar Solutions (UK)ltd 2Jl,324
Sotans" Lantern 111
Solarshuttle 66 (Helio) and RA82
225
Solo 221
Solvay Plastiques SA 282, J24
SonyCorporation Design Center
161, J24
Sony nat-screen coffee table 55
Southampton InnovationsLtd
27J, JlO, J24
SoyClean 287
SoyEnvironmental Products, Inc.
287, 324
Sparrow 139
Spiga 82
Spinchairs 19
Spiralbaum 171
SpongeVase 171
Spores 86 .
Spring J8
Sprocket 21
SRAM 9.0 sl '52
SRAMCorporation 1S2, 324
Staber Industries, Inc. 120,324
Staber System 2000 121
Stachowi cz, Wojtek 101 , 310
Stairmate 272
Starch Tech, Inc. 284. J24
Starck, Philippe 20,51 , 61, 20 0,
262, JlO
Stark, Herbert Dr, Kopf AG 225.
JlO
Startup, JasperlStartup Design 69,
90,99, 12J, Jl0
Staton, John M 109, JlO
Steelcase, Inc. 201, 324
Steinberg, Erez andCia
Giasulio/Studio eg 20J, JlO
Steinmann, Peter, andHerbert
Schmid 85, JlO
Sten 65
STEP 204
StichtingArt Depot 10J. Jl0
Stokbord" 292
Stomatex 300
sTRAKA' PORTs '50, J24
Stramit 280, 324
Strandwood Molding, Inc. 280,
J
2
4
Stratica 249
Street light F 2J2
Strida2 146
Studio Brown (seeBrown, Julian)
Studio eg (Steinberg, Erez, and
Giasullo, Gia) 20J, J24
Stul, SE68. 1998 50
Stumpf, Bill. and Don Chadwick
(see Herman Miller, Inc.)
Styradex Plastics Recycling 297,
J
2
4
Styradex 297
Sugasawa, Mitsumasa 31,310
Sun Catcher 261
Sundeala Medium Board Screen
202
Sundeala 285
Sun-Mar Corporation 264, 324
SunPipe 242
Sunways Gesellschaf t fur
-l>-
o
;:0
t'D
Vl
o
C
n
t'D
Vl
Index
Solartechnik mbH 257.324
Super Duralay 250
o Supercool AB , 22. 324
;:;:0 Supercool'" box 122
Supercool' 122
o Supine Work Station 204
<:: Suppanen. llkka 22.44.3'0
n SUSI 235
Sustainability Source?", Inc., USA
335
SustainabihtyWeb Ring 338
Sustana leather 28S
Sutton Vane Associates 109, 324
Swabtan ROWA 284
Sycamore Fan 123
Sylvania Design Team/Sylvania
lighting International 112,214,
310
Sylvania 214
Synchilla Snap T '54
Syndecrete 295
Syndesis, Inc. 58.295, )24
THLIronWoods 281
Table 0.85x t. aom 57
Table Chair 77
Table Lamp 77
Table ce-u 59
Table-into-Chest -of-Drawers ]1
Tam, Roy 32.54,310
Tank Signal System 217
Teams Design 117,310
Tectan 201, 292,324
Tedlar" laminate 259
Teisen Products Ltd 252,324
TeknosTranemoAS 298, 325
Tellus Institute 338
TENCELfashion garments 125
TENCEL 241
Tendo Co. Ltd 3'. 325
Tensar range 2]2
Teppich-Art-Team 248.310
Terra Grass Armchair 157
Terratex 301
TerrazoFelt'Colour Chips' 291
Terraza Felt 'Nuno' 291
Tetrapak Lld/Tetrapak, Germany
292,325
TextileEnvironment Network
(TEN) 337
Textile Recycling Association (TRA)
337
textiles 290-91, 300-01
TH!NKCity 140
TH!NKNordic AS/ THINK
Mobility ' 40, 325
Thallemer,Axel/Festa Corporate
Design 224
Therma-Float Ltd 301.325
Therma-Pore.Therrna-Hoat,
Therrna-Foit 301
ThermoHanf 284
Thermomax@ 260
Thermo-ply 280
ThinkingMan's Chair 51
Thomas. Deborah 9' . 3'
Thorp. Ian, and Steve Morris 153,
3'
Thorpe, Clarkson andSteve
Beukema seeHaworth, Inc.
ThreeandOne-Half Minutes 80
Thun, Matteo 243,310
Tflder. Henk 233. 310
Timber Holdings Ltd 281.325
timbers, specialist 281
Timberstrand@ 244;
Timberstrand LSL 28,
Titan Design Studio 191,310
Titan 119
Titshirt 128
TKO Design 119
TNO Institute of Industrial
Technology 337
Tolstrup. Nina 175,310
TonwerkLausen AG 261,325
Top Box 214
Topen, Paul 98.310
Topelino 261
ToyChair 51
Toyota (GB) plcfToyotaMotor
Corporation 138,325
Toyozo, Mr (Nifty Palmtop Users
Group) 168
Trachsel, Sonja 131,310
Trannon Furniture lt d 32,54,325
Transform Plastics ltd 294,325
TransitChair 27
Traveller 187.325
Tree Masts 273
Treetrunk Bench 227
Trent 700 224
Trevira GmbH & Co. KG 301,325
Trevira NSKjTrevira CS 301
Triax 141
Trinidad No. 3298 44
TRISIT2000 272
Tnsit Textiltechnologie
GmbHfTrisit Design 272,325
Trojan Battery Company 268.325
Trojan L-1 6 268
Trubridge, David 23. 311
Trusjcist MacMillan (TJM) 244.
281,325
TRW lucasVarityElectrical
Steering 218,325
Tsola 109
Tube 98
Tucan 232
Turris 69
Tykho ' 63
Tyvek 30'
u-sox 189
Umweltbundesamt 333
Underwood 250
UNHCRshelter 237
Uni Walton 249
UnicorCorporation 292, 325
Unicor 292
Uni-Solar 258.260,325
United Nations Environment
Programme 336
United NationsSustainable
Development 338
Universal Master Products 270,
325
Universal Pulp Packaging 87, 325
Universityof Technology. Delft
21],220,311
Universityof Eindhoven(Building
InitiativeEnvironmental
Standards) 238,3"
Universityof Southampton 273
UrethaneSoy SystemsCompany
(USSC) 297. 325
US Environmental Protection
Agency 336
US EPA EnergyStar Office
Equipment 334
US GreenBuilding Council 332
Uwe Braun GmbH 232.325
vaccan Ltd 180. 187.325
Valvestem Candlestick 104
vande Voorde, Patrick 113,311
van Koten. Hamid (see VK&C
Partnership)
van Maanen, Martiijn 2] , 311
vanSeveren, Marlin 57,311
Vanguard Ecoblend' ... 289
VarioPacDisc Systems GmbH
21
3, 3" . 325
VarioPac@ 213
Varity Perkins 219
Varney, James 47,3 11
varta Batteries AG/Varta AG 269.
325
Vauxhall Motors Ltd/General
Motors '35.325
Velcro 301,325
Velcro 30'
Veloland Schweiz ' 56, 3", 325
Veloland '56
Velthuizen, A J 211,311
Venetian blinds 243
Vestfrost A/S 122,325
Vestfrost BK350 122
Vetropack ' 79,326
vink. Frits. Ing. 98.311
Viper 204
Virtual Daylight' " Systems 195
VisionPaper 289,326
vts ton'v printingpaper 289
Vitra (International) AG 35,49, 53.
200, 237. 326
Viva 104
VK & C Partnership (Ian Cardnuff
and Hamid vanKoren) 87,229,
3".3
26
V-Mail Camera 160
Vogelzang, Marije 128,3 11
Volkswagen AG/Volkswagen (UK)
141, 326
Vorwerk&Co, Teppichwerke
GmbH & Co. KG 245.326
Vuarnesson, Bernard 94. 311
VulcanRam 26]
VW Lupo 3LTDI 141
'W' High Efficiency Motor 269
Wagga-Wagga 170
Wagner & Co. SolartechnikGmbH
266,326
Wall Bracket 106
Wall, RS 211
Walpole, loi s 182,311
WandersWonders BV 1]1,326
Wanders. Marcel 48,78.99.17' .
176, 311
Wannet, Edwin 74,311
Warren, William 175,311
WasteWatchand National
Recycl ing Forum 335. 337
WaterTech Industries 263.326
WaterFilmEnergy 254, 326
Waterless UKLtd 267, 326
Waterless Urinal System 267
Wave 76
Wegtauchen 76
Well Design Associates 266,311
Wellman PET Resins
Europe/Wellman, Inc. 296.
300.3 26
Weobley Schools Sustainable
Development 23]
Werth Forsttechnik 1]1. 326
We".lit AG+ Co. 213. 326
Westminster l odge and Hooke
ParkTrainingCentre 235
Wettstein. Robert A 22,41,81,179,
3" .3
26
Wharington International Pty ltd
56, 292,326
Wheatboard
t
... 280
Whirlpool 63. 326
Wiegand, lorenz 67,311
Wiesendanger, K6bi 61,311
Wiggleseries chairs 53
WiggyWigglers '58,326
Wilde & Spieth GmbH & Co. 50.
326
Wilkhahn + Hahne GmbH& Co.
202, 326
Willamette Europe Ltd 280.326
wtllat, Boyd/ Willat Writing
Instruments 206,311,326
Williamson, Damian 23,311
WillowBank. The 281.326
Wilson, Neil 101,311
Wind 123
Windcheetah 146
Wintext fabric 290
Wire Frame Reversible Bench 78
'Wissel' Horse Saddle. The '54
WKRAltkunststoffproduktions-
und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
294.326
Wood-Com 293
Woodnotes Oy 247,326
Woolbloc 284
WorldBusiness Council for
SustainableDevelopment 333
World Resources Institute 338
Worms @ Work (see Wiggly
Wigglers)
Wuppertal lnstitute 338
Wurz, Gerard 202,311
ww.modcons(Warren, William)
3
26
Xenlum' v 939 Dual Band 166
XeroxCorporation/ Xerox (UK) Ltd
208. 326
Xerox@Document Centre470 and
460 series 208
X-In Balanceworkplace screen
202
XKSeries 195
'XU' KitChair 53
XO 20, 326
X02 Ltd (Trading as Exosect) 27',
32
6
XootrCruz 150
Yamanaka, Kazuhiro 29,311
Yemm&Hart Ltd 293.294.326
YKK Architectural Products, Inc.
232,3 26
Yurkievich, Gaspard 125,311
Zago' 174
Zanotta SpA 3' , 326
Zanussi Industrial DesignCentre
(seeElectroluxZanussi)
Zbryk. Burges 103.3"
Zillig, Michel '52.3"
Zimmerei Michael Kaufmann 234,
235
Zorg 52
Zumbuhl, Hugo, and Peter
BirsfelderfTeppich-Art-Tearn
248
--