Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Overview
In Materials Management (MM), Automatic Account Assignment assigns posting to particular G/L accounts, dependent on the transaction and several other factors. The system can e set up so that users never need to type in an account num er during a transaction, or, so that they can enter accounts during certain specific transactions. This guide e!plains ho" MM Automatic Account Assignment documents are configured in the #A$ #ystem. $urchase %rders ($%&s), for e!ample, have no direct account postings. 'o"ever, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against $%&s are affected y accounts designated in the $%&s. Goods movements, on the other hand, create a material document. (or every goods movement affecting a G/L account, an accounting document is created. The movement type is a crucial entry in MM. )hich G/L account is updated "hen a goods movement ta*es place is determined y a com ination of several varia les.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
These varia les include+ Varia9le Movement Type $lant Material Type Transaction
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E:am&le Goods ,eceipt, Goods Issue ---. ,a" Materials, #emi/finished Goods M0-. (1ost center, asset, production order, etc.)
There are nine steps to properly configure an Automatic Account Assignment+ .. 2erify at "hich level you are valuating material. This step should have een completed "hen your organi3ation level "as set up. 4. 1hec*, and, if necessary, update each material type&s 5uantity/2alue 6pdate fields from the standard delivered system. 7. Maintain the 2aluation 1ontrol 8. Maintain the Grouping for the 2aluation Areas 9. Maintain the Account 1ategory ,eference :. Maintain the 2aluation 1lasses ;. Lin* the Material Type to the Account 1ategory ,eference <. Maintain the G/L accounts for the Internal $rocessing *eys =. Maintain the G/L accounts for the Account Modifiers. The system is pre/configured "ith all the relevant valuation data, assuming standard material types and movement types are used. If you create ne" material types and/or movement types, the follo"ing ta les, corresponding to the steps a ove, are automatically created and "ill need to e configured for the Automatic Account determination to function properly. Ta le .9:#, in Ta le Maintenance (configuration information ased on movement type) Ta le .9:M, in Ta le Maintenance (5uantity strings) Ta le .9:), in Ta le Maintenance (2alue #trings) Ta le .9: in ta le maintenance Activate 2aluation Group 1ode Assign 2aluation Grouping 1ode Account 1ategory ,eference 2aluation 1lass Material Type/Account 1ategory ,eference Automatic $ostings
Copyright 2000 SAP AG. All rights reserved
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
If you "ant to use the application component $$ (production planning), or product costing and ?o /order costing, you must set valuation at plant level. >our choice of valuation level affects+ Maintenance of Material Master records+ Maintain accounting data in the material master record for each plant or for each company code @efine a valuation price for the material in each plant or in each company code G/L accounts in "hich material stoc*s are managed, and G/L accounts to "hich transactions are posted+ If material stoc*s are valuated at company code level, all plant stoc*s of a material are managed in a ?oint stoc* account for each company code. If material stoc*s are valuated at plant level, the material stoc*s for each plant can e managed in different accounts. (or each plant, you can define separate account determination.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
If several plants are to use account determination, you can group them together in 1ustomi3ing via Materials Management for 2aluation and Account Assignment.
!aintaining the Value an" #uantit$ %&"ate 'iel"s in the !aterial ($&e
Ansure your 2alue/5uantity 6pdate fields are set for each material type y maintaining those fields. >our Material Master record can e updated (2alue and/or 5uantity) for a specific plant(s), in case of goods movement for that material type. 4!+ 5ath Logistics General Logistics Master Data Material Master Material Control Data Define attributes of material type. 1hoose Change. .. Anter one of the material types you plan to use and clic* on the Enter icon. %r, dou le/clic* on a material type in the list.
4. #elect Quantity/Value. (not sho"n) 7. In the Quantity/Value p!ating field, choose one of the follo"ing for each+ "n all #al. areas "n no #al. area Diff. #aluation area
If you select Diff. #aluation area, you must indicate "hich valuation areas "ill use Buantity updating and "hich areas "ill use value updating.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
,epeat this process for all the material types you "ill e using. If you create a ne" material type, use the same menu path as a ove, and clic* the Create utton. >ou "ill need to reference a current material type in the Material type field.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
Checklist
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>ou must have activated the valuation grouping code under the menu option Valuation control. >ou must have defined the valuation level in Corporate structure$ Customi%ing. >ou must have assigned each plant to a company code in Corporate structure$ Customi%ing. The valuation areas are defined automatically "hen you assign your plants. 4!+ 5ath Materials Management Valuation an! Account Assignment Account Determination Group together #aluation areas. .. Anter the appropriate 2aluation grouping code for the 2aluation areas you are grouping together, and save your changes. >our 2aluation Group 1ode can e up to 8 alpha/numeric digits. In this e!ample, the 2aluation Area C $lant 1ode, ecause "e valuated at the plant level. )hen you create a plant, you "ill automatically see your entry in this ta le, if your valuation level is at the plant level.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
Checklist
>ou must have defined your material types. >ou must have defined the chart of accounts. >ou must have agreed "ith (inancial Accounting on "hich materials are assigned to "hich accounts.
>ou can create the account groups from your chart of accounts, using &" General Le!ger Accounting as an Account 1ategory ,eference.
E:am&le
Account 1ategory ,eference GE,+ 7--- for ra" materials 7-7- for accessory materials ;=-- for finished products
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
4!+ 5ath
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Materials Management Valuation an! account assignment Account !etermination Define #aluation classes. 1lic* the Account Category 'eference/ Material +ype utton. .. Anter the Account Category 'eference num er ne!t to the appropriate Material type description.
The system comes "ith pre/defined Account 1ategory ,eference codes. >ou may "ant to create a ne" account category reference if you create a ne" material type. It is recommended, ho"ever, that you categori3e a ne" material type into one of the e!isting account categories, so you need not add a ne" Account 1ategory ,eference.
%nly t"o rules are used "ith 0#F+ valuation modification and valuation class. The general modification rule and de it/credit indicator rules do not apply.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
Checklist
>ou must coordinate this part of the configuration "ith your (inancial team, as they "ill *no" "hich accounts need to e assigned. Although the follo"ing e!ample only "al*s you through one process *ey, the steps for other *eys are the same.
4!+ &ath Materials Management Valuation an! Account Assignment Account Determination Create automatic postings. 1hoose Account Assignment. .. #elect an appropriate process, one that your organi3ation "ill use. (or normal inventory materials, dou le/clic* on the $rocess *ey G,,.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
4. A pop/up menu "ill appear, reBuiring a chart of accounts (not sho"n). Anter your company&s chart of accounts. 7. #et up the rules for the process *ey in that chart of accounts. 8. %nce you have defined the rules for the process *ey, clic* Accounts to enter the Account Assignment information.
9. Anter the 2aluation group code, :. the 2aluation class and ;. the G/L account. )e did not select the de it/credit rule for this $rocess *ey ("hich allo"s you to post de its and credits to separate accounts), so "e have only one account column. <. ,epeat for each $rocess *ey your organi3ation reBuires.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
Account modifiers/groupings apply to $rocess *eys G00, $,@ and E%G. A list of possi le account modifiers/groupings can e found in the e!tended help documentation via Valuation an! Account AssignmentAutomatic postingA!!itional information.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
trac* from the system. #et up a spreadsheet and trac* the different account postings that occur as you perform different movements.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
If you reBuire purchase account management, you "ill first have to specify in "hich company codes purchase account management is active. >ou "ill also have to maintain Automatic Account determination for $rocess *eys AIG, AEG, and (,A. 4!+ 5ath Materials Management Valuation an! Account Assignment Account Determination Acti#ate .urchasing Account Management. .. 1lic* the .urch. acct o! for the appropriate company code (CC).
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
(rom the fields sho"n, a Buantity string and a value string are determined. Note: It is the com ination of all the appropriate fields "hich ma*es this determination. Through a seBuence of instructions, the Buantity string determines "hich Buantity fields are updated, "hile the value string determines "hich account posting *eys "ill e signaled. In order to determine "hich Buantity string is eing referenced and "hich value string is eing referenced for each goods movement, "e "ill loo* at the field definitions of Ta le .9:#, from left to right (for no", "e "ill not concern ourselves "ith the entries to the right of column (oVS)+ MvT+ Avery goods movement has a three/digit code (Movement Type) "hich must e specified. 26p+ The Value Update indicator signifies "hether or not the account posting can affect the material account. Avery material type is annotated as to "hether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. 56p+ The Quantity Update indicator signifies "hether or not material Buantities are updated during goods movements. Gote that the material type&s 5uantity 6pdate indicator and 2alue 6pdate indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated Buantity and value strings. #+ The Special stock indicator tells "ho o"ns the material and "ho receives the material. (or e!ample, the indicator for the stoc* ta*en y the user in the plant might e lan*. %r, the indicator might e / (for consignment), ecause the vendor o"ns the material, ut the stoc* is ta*en into the user&s plant.
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AcceleratedSAP
Mvt+ The Movement indicator sho"s the type of order the goods movement might e against. (or e!ample, the movement could reference a purchase order, a delivery note, or nothing at all. ,ec+ The Receipt indicator is not currently used. In the future, the specification "ill determine if the movement is for a stoc* transport order, or an outside $%. 1ns+ The Consumption posting indicator is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and defined from the account assignment category in the $%. Thus, in our previous e!ample, the account assignment of / (for cost center) in the $% ensured that the receipt de ited the cost center&s account, and not the stoc* account.
6sing the data from these entries, "e can determine Buantity and value strings, "hich comprise the ne!t t"o columns. The Buantity string and the value string are handled very similarly. 5uantity strings are maintained in Ta le .9:M, accessed via SM31, T156M, then Maintain. In the previous screen shot, the Buantity string for the top entry is MA-4. In Ta le .9:M ("hich "ill not e analy3ed here), the Buantity string indicates if orders are to e updated and other relevant Buantity information. 2alue strings are handled in Ta le .9:). The value string for the top entry in the previous screen shot "as )A-:. ,efer to Ta le .9:) as sho"n elo"+ Anter SM31. Then, T156W. 1hoose Display. .. The value string )A-: has t"o entries. These entries have different transaction/event *eys (also called account *eys). The transaction/event (t/e) *eys specify the type of account to "hich items are posted. These *eys are found in Ta le -7-. 4. )A-: specifies that t/e *ey /,S "ill e referenced first, follo"ed y *ey 0'1.
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AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
Loo* at Group$ 'M/ in the Maintain Acctng Configuration$ Automatic .ostings 2 +ransactions screen, accessed through SM31, Customi%ing T030 or, the 4!+ 5ath$ Materials Management Valuation an! account assignment Account !etermination Create automatic postings 1lic* the Account Assignment utton. .. $aging do"n this ta le, "e see that /,S signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and 0'1 signifies a G,/I, clearing account. @ou le/clic* on /,S. (Ta le is in alpha etical order, so that /,S and 0'1 are not visi le here.) 4. In the .osting -eys o! are t"o potential *eys, <. for a de it, and =. for a credit. 'o" do "e *no" "hich $osting *ey E0# "ill access for this postingH (%r, is this posting a de it or a creditH) To find out, "e loo* at Ta le .9: (T156) in SM31.
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AcceleratedSAP
7. (or movement type .-., "e see that the first entry under D/C is S. Thus, the first entry "ill e a de it. The first t/e *ey (/,S, in this case) is therefore a de it.
8. Thus, "e loo* to $osting *ey 34 (the E0# de it *ey/see step 4) and in Ta le T0#L, "here $osting *eys are configured for transaction OB41. >ou can access Ta le T0#L through SM31, or via the 4!+ 5ath+ &inancial Accounting &inancial Accounting Global Settings Document Line "tem Control Define .osting /eys 9. 0y dou le/clic*ing $osting *ey 34, you can see it sho"s a de it to a G/L account.
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AcceleratedSAP
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:. )e see that this *ey causes a de it to the specified G/L account. Thus, the account "as specified in the $% (since .-. "as a G, for a $%). 0y finding the value string in Ta le .9:#, the appropriate transaction/event *eys in ta le .9:), and then accessing the t/e *eys in Maintain Acctng Configuration$ Automatic .ostings 2 +ransactions screen, "e "ere a le to determine the appropriate account postings.
;. )hat a out 0'1H (ind the ,ME group from the Maintain Acctng Configuration$ Automatic .ostings 2 +ransactions screen, accessed y SM31, Display T030, or via the 4!+ 5ath+ Materials Management Valuation an! account assignment Account !etermination Create automatic postings. <. #elect Account assignment. (not sho"n) =. Go", ta*e a loo* at the valuation grouping code. >ou can find it using transaction OMWD, or via the 4!+ 5ath+ Materials Management Valuation an! account assignment Account !etermination Group together #aluation areas
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AcceleratedSAP
.-. (rom this screen, "e see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together "ithin a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. Go", "hat a out the valuation classH The class is attained from the accounting vie" of the Material Master (for that specific valuation area).
... (or this material, the valuation class of 7--- is chosen. Loo*ing up (F4) this field, "e see the system *ne" that for this ra" material, only certain valuation classes "ere allo"ed. The system *ne" ecause "hen the material "as created, a material type "as chosen.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
.4. Go", on to material type configuration. This can e accessed via transaction code OMS2 or the 4!+ 5ath+ Logistics General Logistics Master Data Material Master Material Control !ata Define attributes of material type .7. Clic* on Display, select '56 (for ra" materials), and then clic* on the Account assignment utton. (not sho"n) This displays the possi le valuation classes assigned to the material types. .8. The valuation class chosen for this ra" material "as 7---. )e can determine the G,/I, clearing account entry y loo*ing in Ta le -7-, under the t/e *ey 0'1 , using the valuation grouping code in Ta le --.E and the valuation class for the material (found in the Material Master). .9. )hile "e&re in the Material Type screen, let&s loo* at one more thing+ 5uantity/2alue 6pdating. This is "here "e determine if there is Buantity or value updating for each material type. (rom the previous screen (not sho"n), clic* the utton la eled Quantity/Value. .:. To restrict Buantity or value updating of this material type, clic* the utton "n no #aluation area under the headings of Quantity/Value p!ating.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
)ith the information covered in this section, "e are no" ready to trac* ho" our goods receipt posted in the last section. Let&s consider "hat "e *no" a out the goods movement + It is a goods receipt for a $%, movement type .-.. The $% has an account assignment category of /, for a cost center, and is therefore an item set for consumption. The ra" material used has a valuation class of 7---. (or ra" materials, there is oth Buantity and value updating. It is a standard stoc* item (no special stoc* type).
Loo* at Ta le .9:#. .. The third entry from the top meets all the a ove criteria. Therefore, "e "ill loo* at value string )A-: to see ho" our goods receipt posted.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
June t, jjjj
4. )A-: is found in Ta le .9:). )A-: uses Internal $rocess *eys to locate and identify postings to /,S and 0'1, noted in the +r. (Transactions) column. ()A-: has only those t"o t/e *eys.)
To recapitulate the account determination, step/ y/step+ E0#+ .. )e located E0# in Ta le -7-. 4. 6nder E0#, there are t"o posting *eys, one for a de it, and one for a credit. 7. In Ta le .9:, "e found that the first entry is a de it, so, "e selected $osting *ey <.. 8. Then, "e loo*ed at Ta le T0#L (in transaction code OB41), and chose $osting *ey <.. 9. There, "e sa" that $osting *ey <. causes a de it to a specified G/L account, in this case, the cost center account specified on the purchase order. ),F+ .. )e located ),F in Ta le -7-. 4. 6nder ),F, "e specifed a 2aluation grouping code and a 2aluation class, in order to determine the proper G,/I, clearing account. 7. In Ta le --.E, "e sa" that for our 2aluation area (6#-.) and our company code (6#-.), "e have the valuation grouping code 6#-.. 8. (rom the accounting vie" of our Material Master, "e sa" our material has a 2aluation class of 7--for the plant in "hich "e are operating (6#-.).
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
Therefore, the G,/I, clearing account is .=..-- in Ta le -7-, "ith a 2aluation grouping code of 6#-. and a 2aluation class of 7---. This is sho"n in the accounting document created for the goods receipt. There are several "ays to reach this screen, including+ 6pon completion of the Goods ,eceipt, follo" the menu path+ Goo!s 'eceipt Display Accounting Docs. %r, from any screen, clic*ing on the Accounting Docs utton.
Items %n/#creen .. @ocument num er+ accounting document num er, different from G, document num er. 4. $osting *eys, determine "hether entries are de its or credits 7. Accounts to "hich entries are posted 8. @e it/credit postings against accounts.
.eview
@etermining account postings from goods movement documents+ .. 1hec* Ta le T.9:# for the appropriate movement type. 4. (ind the appropriate movement type and value string in Ta le T.9:# ased on + "hether or not the material type is Buantity and/or value updated if the item has a special stoc* type "hat type of movement is occurring "hat type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order, stoc* account, etc.)
7. 0ased on the value string, chec* Ta le T.9:) for the seBuence of t/e *eys accessed. 8. 1hec* Ta le T.9: to determine if the seBuence from T.9:) egins "ith a de it or a credit. 9. 1hec* Ta le -7- to see the possi le postings for each of the t/e *eys.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
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(or the t/e *eys "hich have simple entries of posting *eys (as "ith E0#), chec* Ta le T0#L and see "hich account this posting *ey affects. (or the t/e *eys "hich have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account y the follo"ing + 1hec* Ta le --.E to find the valuation grouping code ased on the appropriate valuation area and company code. 1hec* Ta le T.9:F, if an account modifier must e chec*ed. 1hec* the accounting vie" in the Material Master to find the appropriate valuation class.
20179040.doc
AcceleratedSAP
20179040.doc