Engineering Note Integration of Turbogenerator Systems with Existing Exhaust Arrangements Document EN06876 Issue: 1 No.

.: Date: 3 Mar 2014 Page: 1 of 3

Engineering Note - Integration of Turbogenerator Systems with Existing Exhaust Arrangements 1. Introduction
It is normal for Bowman Turbogenerator systems to be retro-fitted into existing engine installations, which have exhaust arrangements already in place. This note explains the effects of this in relation to published engine manufacturer back pressure limits.

2.

Typical Existing Arrangements

It is usual to find an exhaust arrangement as follows (shown for a twin-turbocharger engine):

Measurements at a typical installation like this have shown back-pressure values, measured at the Turbocharger outlet, as follows: Component
Engine outlet pipe to Tee Tee & Elbow Muffler/Silencer Piping to/from SCR Unit SCR Unit (NOx reduction) Elbow Stack to terminal Total

Pressure Loss (kPa)

0.8 1 1.5 2 0.7 ~6 kPa

Bowman Power Group Ltd. The contents of this document are confidential and shall not be used for any other purpose than for evaluating the content herein, be disclosed to any person, organisation or government or be reproduced in any form, without the prior written permission of a Director of Bowman Power Group Ltd.

Engineering Note Integration of Turbogenerator Systems with Existing Exhaust Arrangements Document EN06876 Issue: 1 No.: Date: 3 Mar 2014 Page: 2 of 3

This total compares well with the typical engine manufacturers limit of 3 7 kPa. These limits are imposed as they are necessary to enable the correct operation of the turbocharger(s). If a higher back-pressure were present, the turbocharger(s) would slow down and the engine would be starved of combustion air (i.e. charge or boost air), thus reducing its efficiency.

3.

System with Turbogenerators Installed

After installation of a Bowman Turbogenerator system the layout becomes:

It can clearly be seen from this diagram that with the Bowman Turbogenerator system installed the back pressure acting at the Turbochargers is approximately 10 times the conventional limits set by the engine manufacturers. So how is this possible without affecting the generator efficiency? The simple answer is that the replacement Turbocharger(s) provided by Bowman, to replace the original manufacturer models, are configured to operate with the back-pressure from the Turbogenerators whilst still providing the correct amount of combustion air to the engine from the compressor side. The required design and configuration of Turbocharger is assessed during the early application project phase using detailed calculations of the aero-thermal performance of the engine.

Bowman Power Group Ltd. The contents of this document are confidential and shall not be used for any other purpose than for evaluating the content herein, be disclosed to any person, organisation or government or be reproduced in any form, without the prior written permission of a Director of Bowman Power Group Ltd.

Engineering Note Integration of Turbogenerator Systems with Existing Exhaust Arrangements Document EN06876 Issue: 1 No.: Date: 3 Mar 2014 Page: 3 of 3

Bowman is able to configure the Turbocharger and Turbogenerator characteristics by means of interchangeable which both govern the overall capacity of each turbine and also optimise the flow onto the turbine wheel. These can be seen in the figures below.

Nozzle Guide Vanes (NGVs)

Following the calculations, during initial testing, Bowman will also carry out detailed measurements of the system to ensure the Turbocharger and Turbogenerator configuration is optimised to provide the maximum efficiency gain whilst demonstrating the engine is operating satisfactorily.

In summary, the key requirement is that the exhaust system after the original Turbochargers can (and should) remain the same after the Turbogenerator system is installed. The Bowman team will ensure the optimum engine, Turbocharger and Turbogenerator performance is achieved.

Bowman Power Group Ltd. The contents of this document are confidential and shall not be used for any other purpose than for evaluating the content herein, be disclosed to any person, organisation or government or be reproduced in any form, without the prior written permission of a Director of Bowman Power Group Ltd.