ANT101 THE GENUS HOMO

Early homo
2.5-1.6 mya
Louis Leakey (1960)
Olduvai Gorge, Norter! "a!#a!ia
1.$ mya
Homo habilis
%ig!i&i'a!'e o& te !ame
(arly tool makers
)!'estors to moder! uma!s
Oter *lio-*leisto'e!e sites
EAST AFRICA
Omo, %outer! (tio+ia
,oo-i .ora,
,/N-(0 1120 3 0i'ard Leakey
Olduvai Gorge
SOUTH AFRICA
%terk&o!tei!
%4artkra!s
Ge!eral tre!ds o& early homo in comparison to Australopithecines
50)N6)L )N)"O/7
8rai! e9+a!sio! 600-$00 ''
"i! 4alled 3 !o 'rests
0ou!ded vault
:eakly +ro;e'ti!g ridges
<aria-le &a'ial +ro+ortio!s -et4ee! i!dividuals
KNM ER 1470 (homo rudolfensis?)
,oo-i .ora, 0i'ard Leakey (1922)
1.9 mya
252 ''
0ou!ded 'ra!ial vault
No eavy 'rests
0o-ust &a'e
8a'k teet still =uite large (-ut > australo+ite'i!es)
)sso'iated 'rude sto!e tools
/ore uma! like -rai! orga!i#atio!
(volutio!ary 0ole +layed -y early homo
"0(N?%@
6!'reased e!'e+ali#atio!
?e!tal redu'tio!
"ool maki!g
O++ortu!isti' tools 5 3 2.5 mya
/a!u+orts@ A!altered o-;e'ts 'arried some dista!'e -e&ore use
LOWER PALEOLITHIC (old sto! a"!#
)++ro9. 2.5 mya 3 to 200 kya
1. 6m+orta!t i! -rai! evolutio!
2. (m+asi#es ma!ual de9terity
B. 0e=uires a 'om+le9, a-stra't tougt +ro'ess
OL$OWAN IN$USTRIAL COMPLE%
(arliest ide!ti&ia-le sto!e tools
&'( )ya * 1'4 )ya
%ites@
lake "urka!a
Olduvai Gorge
Cadar
Omo
5ara'teri#ed -y Oldo+a C,o--." Tool (Oldo+a C,o--!r#
)ll +ur+ose 'o++i!g tool
/ade &rom smoot 4ater 4or! 'o--les
/ulti-+ur+ose
8ut'er meat, s+lit -o!es, de&e!se
Hard ,a))!r / PERCUSSION METHO$
Ha))!rsto! 3 8i+olar *er'ussio!
0o'k used to strike &lakes o&& 'o--le
A0.l 3 ?ire't *er'ussio!
Large ro'k tat you strike te 'o--le agai!st or +la'e te 'o--le o!
Co1o.dal 2ra1t3r!
*rodu'ed -y striki!g o!e sto!e agai!st a!oter
4la5!
5i+ o& ro'k o&& te 'o--le
%ar+, use&ul edges
s'ra+ers
C3lt3ral S.".2.1a1! o2 Oldo+a tool trad.t.o
Ne4 additio!s to diet@ /eat
grou+ sari!g
s'ave!gi!g
%aved time D la-or &or &ood a'=uisitio!
*ro-a-ly resulted &rom a! ada+tatio! to a !e4 e!viro!me!t
Bipedalism freed hands
Lare predatory carni!ores
%ig!i&i'a!'e o& Oldo4a! tool traditio!
(volutio! o& -rai!
/a!ual de9terity
.i!e motor ma!i+ulatio!
%et stage &or la!guage a'=uisitio!
8rai! laterali#atio!
a!ded!ess