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Truncation Errors:
1.3.1. Exercises: Following are some known results about the sum of certain infinite series: Evaluate
the first eight partial sums and the corresponding truncation errors in each case and complete the table.
1 1 1 ( 1) n1 1 1 1 1 2
(a) 1 ln 2 (c) 1 2
2 2 2
2 3 4 n 2 3 4 n 6
1 1 1 ( 1) n1 1 1 1 1 6
(b) 1 (d) 1
3 5 7 2n 1 4 36 56 76 ( 2n 1) 6 960
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
( 1) n1 tn
tn Sn
2n 1
S /4 S Sn
1 tn
tn
n2 Sn
S 2 /6 S Sn
1 tn
tn
( 2n 1) 6 Sn
S 6 / 96 S Sn
1.3.2. Exercises: Using the results in each of the the previous table, obtain approximate values for
(a) ln 2 (b)
1.3.3. Exercises: Taylor series expansions for the functions e x and sin(x ) , together with truncation
errors are:
x x2 x3 xn e
(e) ex 1
1! 2 ! 3 ! n! ( n 1) !
x3 x5 x7 x 2 n 1 ( 1) n sin( )
(f) sin( x ) x , where is some number in (0, x ) .
3! 5! 7! ( 2n 1) ! ( 2n ) !
1
Hence obtain, values of e and sin correct to ten decimal places.
2