Form 4: Chapter 10 (Solution of Triangles)

SPM Practice
Fully Worked Solutions
Paper 2
1 (a)

3m

Step 3(Find VM)

From VRM, using Pythagoras Theorem,
VM = 22 1.56152

= 1.2497 m

P
3m

Step 4(Calculate PV)

Area of PRQ = 4 m2
1
(3)(3) sin RPQ = 4
2
8
sin RPQ =
9
RPQ = 62.73

V
1.2497 m
P

Using the cosine rule,

RQ2 = 32 + 32 2(3)(3) cos 62.73

55
2.5616 m

Using the cosine rule,

VP2 = 2.56162 + 1.24972
2(2.5616)(1.2497) cos 55
VP = 2.110 m (correct to 4
significant figures)

RQ2 = 9.75268
RQ = 3.123 m (correct to 4
significant figures)

(b) Step 1(Find PM where M is the midpoint of

QR)

(c) Step 1(Find VQP)

3.123 m

2.110 m

3m

22 + 32 2.1102
2(2)(3)
cos VQP = 0.712325
VQP = 44.58

Step 2 (Find the area of VPQ)

Area of VPQ
1
= 2 3 sin 44.58
2
= 2.106 m2

2m
55

cos VQP =

Step 2(Determine VMP)

V

2m

Area of PRQ = 4 m2
1
RQ PM = 4
2
1
3.123 PM = 4
2

PM = 2.5616 m

1.5615 m

M
1.5615 m

The angle between the inclined plane VQR

and the base PQR is 55. Therefore,
VMP = 55.
34

 2 (a)

(b) ii(i) Based on ABC, since the length of BC

is shorter than the length of AC and
BAC is an acute non-included angle,
the ambiguous case will occur.

B
9 cm
A

30

15 cm

10 cm

8 cm

Another triangle (ABC) that can be

drawn is as shown below.
B

ii(i) Based on ABC, using the sine rule,

sin ABC sin 30
=
9
15
sin 30
sin ABC =
15
9
sin ABC = 0.83333
ABC = 56.44

56.44

B
A

30

56.44

9 cm

9 cm

15 cm

i(ii) ABC = 180 56.44

= 123.56

i(ii) Based on ADC, using the cosine rule,

152 = 102 + 82 2(10)(8)
cos ADC
102 + 82 152
cos ADC =
2(10)(8)

cos ADC = 0.38125
ADC = 112.41

3 (a) In PQR, using the cosine rule,

PR2 = 102 + 72 2(10)(7) cos 75

= 112.76533

PR = 10.62 cm
(b)

(iii) Based on ABC,

ACB =
 180 30 56.44
= 93.56

8 cm

B
56.44

30
10 cm

15 cm
112.41

9 cm

40

10.62 cm

93.56
C

10 cm

7 cm

8 cm

75

Area of the quadrilateral ABCD

= Area of ADC + Area of ABC
1
= (10)(8) sin 112.41 +
2
1
= (15)(9) sin 93.56
2
= 36.9792 + 67.3697
= 104.35 cm2

In PSR, using the sine rule,

sin PSR sin 40
=
8
10.62
sin PSR = 0.85330
PSR = 58.57 or 121.43

35

PS2R

PS1R

(c)

S2

S1

10 cm

121.43
40

12.91 cm

8 cm

6 cm

45

58.57

10.62 cm

9.5 cm
B

10 cm

7 cm

In ABD,
sin A sin 45
=
12.91
9.5

sin 45
sin A =
12.91
9.5
sin A = 0.96092
First quadrant

A = 73.93
DAB = 73.93
and DAB = 180 73.93

= 106.07

75
Q

(c) ii(i) The obtuse PSR is represented by

PS1R.

In PS1R,
PRS1 = 180 40 121.43
= 18.57

In PS1R, using the sine rule,

PS1
10.62
=
sin
18.57
sin
121.43

10.62

PS1 =
sin 18.57
sin 121.43

PS1 = 3.964 cm

Second quadrant

Thus, ABD = 180 45 DAB

= 180 45 73.93
= 61.07
Thus, ABD = 180 45 DAB

= 180 45 106.07
= 28.93

i(ii) Area of quadrilateral PQRS

= Area of PQR + Area of PS1R
1
= 10 7 sin 75 +
2
1
= 3.964 10.62 sin 40
2
= 47.34 cm2

5 (a) ii(i) In ABC, using the cosine rule,

BC 2 = 162 + 72 2(16)(7) cos 55

= 176.5189
BC = 176.5189
= 13.29 cm

4 (a)
Area of DBC = 29 cm2
1
6 10 sin DCB = 29
2
sin DCB = 0.96667
Basic = 75.16
DCB = 180 75.16

= 104.84 (obtuse)

i(ii) In CBD, using the sine rule,

sin CBD sin 115
=
5
13.29

sin 115
sin CBD =
5
13.29
sin CBD = 0.34097

CBD = 19.94

(b)
BD2 = 62 + 102 2(6)(10) cos 104.84

= 166.73448
BD = 12.91 cm

36

(b) ii(i)

45.06o
5

24

cm

115o
45.06o
16 cm

25.12o

33

cm

7 cm

45
x

70
V

(a) ii(i) In RST, using the cosine rule,

RT 2 = 242 + 202 2(24)(20) cos 65
RT 2 = 570.2865
RT = 23.88 cm

i(ii) In BCD,

BCD = 180 115 19.94
= 45.06

cm
Q
x

134.94o

19.94o

55o

20 cm

13.29 c
m

C'

89.88o

65

cm

i(ii) SUP = 180 45 65

= 70

In DCC,
DCC = DCC
= 45.06
DCB =180 45.06
= 134.94

In PSU, using the sine rule,

SU
57
=
sin 45 sin 70
57
SU =
sin 45
sin 70
SU = 42.89 cm

TU = 42.89 20
= 22.89 cm

In CBD, using the sine rule,

BD
5
=
sin 134.94 sin 19.94
5 sin 134.94
BD =
sin 19.94
BD = 10.38 cm

1
(b) Area of PVQ = Area of RST
2
1 1

= 24 20 sin 65
2 2

= 108.7569 cm2
1 2
x = 108.7569

2

x 2 = 217.5139

x = 14.75

PV = 14.75 cm

Area of BCD
1
= 5 10.38 sin 25.12
2
= 11.02 cm2

(c)

CDB = 180 19.94 134.94 = 25.12

S'

37

P'

U'

Area of ABC = 112 cm2

(b) (i)

19.95

12.

cm

(ii) Using the cosine rule,
AC2 = 182 + 22.252 2(18)(22.25) cos 34
AC = 12.45 cm

34

126.05
C

53.95

53.95

(ii) Area of ABC

1
= 18 12.45 sin 19.95
2
= 38.23 cm2

(iii) Using the sine rule,

sin ACB sin 34
=

18
12.45

cm

18 cm

BC = 22.25 cm

45

12.

1
18 BC sin 34 = 112
2

45

7 (a) (i)

ACB = 53.95

38