ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION

INTRODUCTION TO NATIONAL INTERNET

BACKBONE-II (NIB-II)

No. NIB-II/I-002
No of Pages. 13
Issue No. 01
Issued By: T&D, Circle
Approved By: CGM T&D Circle
Date of Issue 28-03-2005
Amendment No (If Any) NIL
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Date of Issue

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All efforts have been made to incorporate all relevant up to date information available,
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BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

(A Govt. of India Enterprise)
TECHNICAL & DEVELOPMENT CIRCLE,
SANCHAR VIKAS BHAWAN, RESIDENCY ROAD,
JABALPUR, MP-482001

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INTRODUCTION TO NATIONAL INTERNET BACKBONE-II (NIB-II)

1. SCOPE
This Engineering Instruction presents an introduction to National Internet Backbone-II (NIB-II)
conceived by BSNL to provide infrastructure for providing number of value added services to
broadband customers countywide with guaranteed quality of service (QoS).

2. GENERAL
BSNL has planned to setup NIB-II to provide world class infrastructure to offer various value
added services to a broader customer base county-wide that will help to accelerate the Internet
revolution in India. Moreover the NIB-II will create a platform, which enables e-governance, e-
banking, e-learning, etc. with the key point of Service Level Agreements & Guarantee in tune with
Global standards and customer expectations.

NIB-II has been grouped into following three major projects.

• Project 1: - MPLS based IP Network infrastructure covering 71 cities along with associated
NMS, PMS, Firewall and Caching platforms.
• Project 2.1: Access Gateway platform using Dialup comprising of Narrow Band RAS.
• Project 2.2: Access Gateway platform comprising of Broadband RAS and DSL equipment.
• Project 3: Messaging and Storage platform and Provisioning, Billing and Customer care
and Enterprise management system.
The network shall seamlessly integrate with the already existing network infrastructure comprising
of the TCP/IP based NIB-I and MPLS VPN network. The NIB-II project comprises of Technology
solutions from different product manufacturers with the provision for future expansion.

2.1 SERVICES PLANNED IN NIB-II

2.1.1 Internet Access
i. Dialup access services/ Leased Access Services.
ii. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Access Services: Broadband “always-on-internet”
access over copper cables.
iii. Direct Ethernet Access Services: Broadband “always-on-internet” access using
Fiber-to-the-building.

2.1.2 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Services

i. Layer 2 MPLS VPN Services: Point-to-point connectivity between corporate LAN
sites.
ii. Layer 3 MPLS VPN Intranet and Extranet Services: LAN interconnectivity
between multiple Corporate LAN sites.
iii. Managed Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) Services.

2.1.3 Value Added Services

i. Encryption Services: One of the end-to-end data security features.
ii. Firewall Services: One of the security features provided to customer.
iii. Network Address Translation (NAT) Services: Service that will enable private
users to access public networks.

2.1.4 Messaging Services

2.1.5 Data Centre Services at Bangalore, Delhi and Mumbai

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2.1.6 Broadband Services through DSL & Direct Ethernet

i. Fast Internet Access Services
ii. Terminating Dialup and DSL/Direct Ethernet Customers on MPLS VPNs
iii. Multicast Video Streaming Services.
iv. Video on Demand Services

3.0 Network Architecture:

3.1 Core Network:
The NIB-II shall constitute an integrated 2-layer IP and MPLS network. The Layer 1 network will
constitute the high speed (STM-16) Backbone comprising of Core routers with built in redundancies
supporting both TCP/IP and MPLS protocols with link capacities in accordance with the traffic
justification. Its function will primarily be limited to high-speed packet forwarding between the core nodes.
The A1 nodes (5 locations), A2 nodes (3 locations) and A3 nodes (6 locations) in the NIB-II shall form the
Core layer. The five major nodes under A1 category at Mumbai, Bangalore, Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai
are configured in the full mesh with link bandwidth of STM-16. The remaining 9 nodes under A2 and A3
category at Pune, Hyderabad, Ahemdabad, Luchnow, Jullundhar, Jaipur, Indore, Ernakulam and Patna are
configured in dual mesh with link bandwidths of STM-16, (Refer Figure 1).
Route reflectors are also provided at 4 A1 locations as shown in figure 1, which are fully meshed
in the core network of NIB-II. The Route Reflector (RR) provides a mechanism for both minimizing the
number of update message transmitted within the Autonomous System (AS), and reducing the amount of
data that is propagated in each message. The deployment of Route Reflectors leads too much higher levels
of network scalability.

Fig. 1: Core Network Architecture for NIB-II

4.0 Project 1
(MPLS based IP Network infrastructure covering 71 cities along with associated
NMS, PMS, Firewall and Caching platforms.)
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MPLS based network provides a cost effective way to enhance customer networking quality rather
than setting up and managing individual point-to-point circuits between each office, customers need to
provide only one connection from their office router to a service-provider edge router. The service-
provider edge router either forwards the IP packets in the IP network or in the case of MPLS
configured access labels the packets and routes them through its MPLS core to the edge closest to
destination. IP/TCP connectivity shall be provided through Provider (P) routers and Provider Edge
(PE) routers. The city-wise categorization of nodes under NIB-II Proect 1 is given in Table 1.

Table 1: City-wise categorization of nodes under NIB-II Project 1

Node type No of Cities Name of cities Devices
A1 5 Chennai, Mumbai, Bangalore, Core router - Cisco 12416
Delhi and Kolkata Edge Router Cisco 7613
A2 3 Hyderabad, Pune and Core router - Cisco 12410
Ahemdabad Edge Router Cisco 7613
A3 6 Lucknow, Jullundhar, Jaipur, Core router - Cisco 12410
Indore, Ernakulam and Patna Edge Router Cisco 7613
A4 10 Coimbtore, Chadigarh, Core router - Juniper M40
Allahabad, Guwahati, Ranchi, Edge Router Cisco 7613
Bhuvneshwar, Raipur,
Manglore, Nagpur, and
Vijaivwda
B1 21 -- Edge Router Cisco 7613
B2 26 -- Edge Router Cisco 7613

MPLS based network shall be a 2-layer centrally managed IP backbone network designed to provide
reliable routes to cover all possible designations within and outside the country.

4.1 Network Architecture of Project 1:

The Layer - 1 Core network (A1, A2, and A3 cities) shall constitute the high speed Backbone
(STM-16) as shown in Figure 1. The Layer - 1 nodes shall consist of high end fully redundant Core
routers, and shall be interfaced to Edge routers through Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.
The Layer - 2 Edge network shall be second layer of the IP backbone network and shall
primarily support MPLS edge functionality. The function of this layer shall enforce QoS and other
administrative policies. This layer shall provide customer access through following three mechanisms,
i. Dialup
ii. Dedicated Access
iii. Broadband access.

This layer provides connectivity to secure VPNs as well as to Internet Data Centers.
Out of total 71Edge routers, 14 are connected to the Core layer locally through the Gigbit Ethernet
interfaces at the locations under A1, A2, and A3 category where core routers are provided. Remaining
57 Edge routers at locations A4, B1 and B2 locations are connected to the Core layer remotely through
dual homed STM-1 links.

The network is envisaged to provide QoS features associated with MPLS technology with all
traffic shaping and traffic engineering features. It shall provide peering interfaces to other domains and
shall serve as an Internet Exchange to ISPs. It shall support IP networking and Border Gateway
Protocol (BGP)/ Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology. The network shall support data,
voice and video applications over Layer 2 and Layer 3 MPLS VPNs.

The network architecture of NIB-II provides for integration of other networks such as NIB-I and
MPLS VPN of BSNL. It shall provide for a common Network Management System (NMS) and VPN /
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Bandwidth Provisioning System for the entire integrated IP network infrastructure. The network
infrastructure for NIB-II is intended to provide IP network access both on retail as well as wholesale
basis to dialup DSL and leased access customers. The network shall provide a common IP
infrastructure that shall support all smaller open networks and sub-networks.
4.2 The Primary objectives in setting up the MPLS based IP network
• Building a common IP infrastructure that shall support all smaller networks and subnetworks. The
platform is intended to be used for convergent services, integrating data, voice and video and shall
be the primary source of Internet bandwidth for ISPs, Corporate, Institutions, Government bodies
and retail users.
• Making the service very simple for customers to use even if they lack experience in IP routing,
alongwith Service Level Agreement (SLA) offerings.
• Make a service very scalable and flexible to facilitate large-scale deployment.
• Capable of meeting a wide range of customer requirements, including security, quality of service
(QoS), and any-to-any connectivity.
• Capable of offering fully managed services to customers.
4.3 Caching Platform:

The Caching platform makes the contents (HTTP, MMS, RTSP, FTP etc.) available at the POP/
Core locations and saves upstream International bandwidth. The Caching platform enables faster
responses from web.
The web caching solution needs to be deployed at 8 cities with International Gateways. The web
caching solution should meet the bandwidth requirements and shall be scalable to future expansions
of bandwidth at these locations.

4.4 Services planned to be offered under Project 1:

The following services shall be offered to customers using the MPLS based IP networks.

i.) Layer 3 MPLS VPN Services

• Intranet-Managed & Unmanaged
• Extranet Managed & Unmanaged
• Internet Access services
ii.) Layer 2 MPLS VPN Services
• Ethernet over MPLS
• Frame relay over MPLS
• PPP over MPLS
• Cisco HDLC over MPLS (Optional)
• VPLS (Virtual Private LAN service)
• Layer 2 Any-to-Any Interworking (Except ATM)
iii.) Encryption Services
iv.) Multicast Services
v.) Firewall Services
vi.) Network Address Translation (NAT) Services

5. Project 2
(Access Gateway Platform)
The NIB-II Access Gateway platform shall provide Internet Access at any time of the day, from
any place, using any device such as PC, analog phone, wireless or mobile phone or Personal Digital
Assistant (PDA). The Access Gateway Platform (AGP) is built around two distinct platforms, one
supporting a unified dialing network architecture that delivers voice, data and fax services through an
open programmable gateway and the other supporting a unified always-on Internet Access platform on
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Ethernet-IP. The open programmable dialing gateway is dimensioned to provide 80% plain data RAS
and 20% Universal RAS ports. The always-on Internet Access platform is built around the DSL
technology using ADSL, SHDSL and VDSL that delivers voice, data and video services over
increasingly larger bandwidths directly on Ethernet-IP local networks to residential and corporate
users, enabling applications like Broadcast TV, Video on Demand, Pay per View, Content Delivery,
Interactive gaming, Music Services, Video-Conferencing, IP-Multicasting Services, Education on
Demand, Interactive distant learning, Remote Medical Treatment, GIS based applications, IP PBX, IP
Centrex, VoIP, VoDSL, High speed Internet, MPLS VPN etc.
NIB-II Universal Access Gateway infrastructure is conceived as an open infrastructure for
carrying various services. The services shall be provided to a representative sample of customers as
specified in this document, while using the existing infrastructure for 6.5 lakhs subscribers. All
components required for the same shall be part of the supply.
The following services are proposed to be provided as part of the scope of work.
(i) Dial VPN/Internet Access service
(ii) ADSL, SHDSL & VDSL IP-Ethernet High speed services (0.5 to 50 Mbps over existing
Copper cables)
(iii) Wholesale Dial or port retailing service
(iv) Internet Call Waiting service
(v) IP based Unified Messaging Service
(vi) Teleconferencing Service
(vii) Internet Telephony Service
(viii) Hosted voice services / IP Centrex.
The implementation of the Project 2 shall be deployed in two phases.

• Project 2.1 is for narrow band access

• Project 2.2 is for broadband access

Project 2.1: - This project is for the deployment of narrow band services in 71 Cities.
Including validation nodes Kolkata (A1), Mumbai (A3), Agra (B1) and Shimla (B2). City-wise
classification of Nodes under Project 2.1 of NIB-II is given in Tables 2 and 3.
Table 2: City-wise classification of Nodes under Project 2.1 of NIB-II for L2 Bidder
(M/s. UTStarcom Inc.)
Type Number Name of City
of of Cities
Node
A1 1 Kolkata
A2 0 --
A3 5 Jallandhar, Mumbai, New Delhi, Lucknow, Patna,
A4 3 Chandigarh, Guwahati,
Ranchi
B1 6 Agra, Noida, Jammu, Amritsar, Ludhiyana, Shilong
B2 8
Jamshedpur, Durgapur, Siliguri, Dehradun,
Ferozpur, Shimla, Ghaziabad, Meerut

Table 3: City-wise classification of Nodes under Project 2.1 of NIB-II for L1 Bidder (M/s. ITI LTD.)

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Type Number Name of City

of of Cities
Node
A1 2 Chennai, Bangalore
A2 3 Hyderabad, Ahemedabad, Pune
A3 3 Ernakulam, Indore, Jaipur
A4 7 Coimbatore, Maangalore, Vijaywada (Krishana),
Bhuvneswar, Raipur, Allahabad, Nagpur
B1 15 Madurai, Trivendram, Mysore, Vizag, Bhopal,
Gwalior, Rajkot, Surat, Vadodara, Faridabad,
Gurgoan, Kanpur, Varanasi, Jodhpur, Nasik
B2 18 Trichy, Pondicherry, Cannanore, Paldgat, Trichure,
Balgaum, Hubli, Kakinada, Cuddapah, Dimapur,
Jabalpur, Mehsana, Ambala, Ajmer, Kalyan,
Aurangabad, Panjim, Kolhapur

5.1.1 Components of Narrow Band Access Network

• Narrow Band Remote Access Server
• LAN Switch
• eMS Server

5.2 Project 2.2: (Reference BSNL Let321ter No. 64-28/03-Internet dated 10.08.04)
This Project is for the deployment of broadband services in 198 cities with 69 important cities
where Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) shall be deployed. The cities are
categorized under A1 (3 cites), A2 (3 cites), A3 (6 cites), A4 (10 cites), B1 (21 cites), B2 (26
cites), and others (129 cities). Delhi and Mumbai will not have any broadband equipment under
Project 2.2 of NIB-II.
5.2.1 Services planned through Project 2.2
• Primary source of Internet bandwidth for retail users for application such as Web
brousing, e-commerce etc
• Multicast video services, video on demad etc through Broadband Remote Access Server
(BRAS).
• Allow wholesale BRAS ports to be assigned to smaller ISPs through the franchises model
wherein the later has a separate network of DSLAMs, AAA, LDAP through a revenue
scheme of BSNL.
• Dialup VPN (VPDN) user connects to NIB-II through the Narrow band RAS and is
connected to its private network through a secure L2TP tunnel established between
Narrowband RAS and Broadband RAS.
• Support for both prepaid and postpaid Broadband services.

5.2.2 Components of Broad Band Access Network

• Broad Band Remote Access Server (BBRAS)
• Gigabit and Fast Ethernet Aggregation Switches (LAN Switches)
• Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs)
• SSSS/SSSC (Subscriber Service Selection System/ Centre)
• Servers for AAA, LDAP at Pune
• Provisioning and configuration management at NOC
The city-wise deployment of DSLAM is given in Table 4.

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Table 4: DSLAM deployment plan in 198 cities

City No of DSLAM capacity requirement city wise Total Total
Type Cities 480 240 120 64 48 24 DSLAM DSLAMs
per city
A1 3 70 60 50 20 0 0 200 600
A2 3 35 30 25 10 0 0 100 300
A3 6 21 25 18 6 0 0 70 420
A4 10 12 14 8 6 0 0 40 400
B1 21 2 3 6 4 0 0 15 315
B2 26 0 2 3 3 0 0 8 208
Others 129 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 387
198 2630

5.2.3 Network Architecture of Project 2.2

All 198 cities will have DSLAMs and Tier2 LAN switches (for aggregation of DSLAM).
All A cities and Noida (Total 23 cities) will have one BRAS, one SSSS and one Tier 1 LAN
switch. There will be no BRAS, SSSS and Tier 1 LAN switch in any other cities. All DSLAM are
initially aggregated using Tier 2 LAN switch, through one pair of dark fibre. The broadband
connectivity in A cities and B cities is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively. The 240 port
DSLAM will have two numbers of FE interfaces. The FX or GBIC module in DSLAM and LAN
switch should be capable of driving up to 10kms on a single mode fibre. The SX or GBIC module
in LAN switch used for connecting Tier2 to Tier1 will support 40kms distance.
In bigger cities like A1, A2, A3 and A4, one BRAS per city will be deployed initially. There will
be no BBRAS at B1 and B2 cities. The DSLAMs in B1, B2 and other lower hierarchical cities
will be aggregated through Layer 2 switches, and will be connected to the nearest BRAS of A
cities on Ethernet over SDH. The BRAS shall terminate the PPP sessions initiated by the
customer and extend the connection further to MPLS VPN/Internet as desired by the customer.
The DSLAM will in general be colocated with existing PSTN exchange, which provides
last mile access to customers over copper wire up to average span lengths of 3 kms. All DSLAM
will be aggregated through Fast Ethernet (FE) interface except 480 port DSLAM, which will be
aggregated through Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) interface.

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Fig. 2: Broadband connectivity Diagram in A cities

Fig. 3: Broadband connectivity Diagram in B cities

5. Project 3:
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[Messaging and Storage Service Platform, Provisioning, Billing & Customer care, Enterprise
Management System (EMS) and Security System.]

The Core messaging system shall be the heart of NIB-II that will enable BSNL to add users across
varied value added services. This shall envisage design and up-gradation of the current messaging
system to grow from the existing infrastructure in NIB-I supporting 650,000 users to support
increasing user base. The messaging systems and associated Storage will be implemented in phases, in
accordance with phased induction of Access equipment.
The system shall be an integrated provisioning, billing, customer care and accounting platform and
shall support billing for the complete range of IP based services mentioned and meet next-generation
requirements as well.

The salient aspects of the projects are summarized as follows:

(i) Setting up proven, robust, scalable Messaging Solution with best in class security
components.
(ii) Roll out across the country supported by 5 Messaging & associated storage systems at Delhi,
Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai and Kolkata.
(iii) Designed with High Availability architecture with no single point of failure.

6.1 Components of the Solution:

The proposed solution shall consist of the following components with the items of functionality listed
below:
(i) Messaging
a) DNS, AAA
b) MMP
c) LDAP (Consumer, Replicator Hub, Primary and Secondary)
d) SMTP IN & OUT
e) Messaging Servers
f) Address Book Servers, etc.
(ii) Storage
a) SAN Switch & SAN Storage
b) Tape Library
c) Staging Servers, etc.
6.2 Storage platform
i. Various Applications servers placed at the 5 Messaging Storage locations
like LDAP, AAA, EMS, Messaging, UMS & Billing etc. would require
Data storage capacities for storing User’s mailboxes, Billing data etc.
Such huge storage requirements need to be met with the Fast, Reliable &
Scalable storage devices that would be deployed as “End to End High
Performance Switched Architecture Fiber Channel SAN (Storage Area
Networks) providing No Single Point of Failure”.
ii. Such storage device should be compatible with all the Servers of major
companies such as HP, IBM, SUN, Dell etc. so that choice of Application
Servers Platform remains independent of the storage device.

6.2 System Dimensioning:

The user base will be serviced through 5 Messaging and associated Storage systems that will be
set up in the 5 cities. Each of the cities will be connected through the IP Backbone. Since the proposed
user base is envisaged to increase in a phased manner the associated messaging system is also
proposed to be upgraded in phases correspondingly.

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6.3.1 The system should be designed to support:

(i) On-line services such as Internet, pay-per-view TV and video on demand or a combination of
all or some of the above.
(ii) Periodic charges, such as telephone line and cable TV rental.
(iii) One-time costs, such as connection fees.
(iv) Events, such as telephone calls, data service usage, pay-per-view TV selections, home
shopping purchases, utility metered usage – such as electricity supply (live site example)
(v) Financial services ASP services.
(vi) Telephony services.
(vii) Enterprise Backup Systems.
6.3.2 The billing system shall be capable of
i. Providing electronic versions of bills to customers over the Internet.
ii. Creation/modification of service.
iii. Processing Service requests in real time and non-real time and accounting in real time.
iv. Producing flexible billing depending upon the use of service.
6.3.3 Security Systems
These include the following.
i. Load Balancers
ii. Firewall Appliances
iii. Intrusion Detection System
iv. Antivirus system, etc.

7.0 Network Operation Center (NOC)

The NOC shall provide facility for centralized Network Management and end-to-end Provisioning
of multiple services, giving a single view of the entire network services being delivered countywide.
The servers for the NOC shall be connected through a Gigabit Ethernet link from Core router with
three zones of firewall within the Centre.
The network shall be centrally managed from Network Operation Centre NOC located at two
sites, one of them being master and the other the disaster recovery site. The main NOC is at Bangalore
with Disaster Recovery is at Pune. Interface to the NMS back-office facility shall be provided along
with Firewall security in the Data Centre. All customer databases shall reside centrally at NOC.
The NMS of NIB-II project 1 is the comprehensive NMS for entire NIB-II including NIB-I,
MPLS VPN, Project 2.1, Project 2.2, which will support entire F (Fault), C (Configuration), A
(Accounting including Access/Inventory), P (Performance) and S (Security functionality). The
conceptual view of eMS, NMS OSS/BSS for NIB-II is given in figure 4 and the connectivity
Architecture of NOC at Bangalore is shown in figure 5.

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Fig. 4: Conceptual view of eMS, NMS, EMS OSS/BSS for NIB-II

Fig. 5: Bangalore NOC Connectivity Architecture.

7.1 Service Level Agreement (SLA):

It shall be possible to support SLA i.e. the level of service that the customer can expect together
with any penalties to be levied by the service provider for failure to deliver. It should be possible to
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provide at least 4 classes of services. The SLA parameters shall include measurements of service
delivery, availabilty, latency, throughput and restoration time etc. it should be possible to generate
management reports providing information on customer node configuration and charges, faults and
achievement against the SLAs. It shall be possible to deliver network management reports via a secure
Website.

8.0 CONCLUSION:
The installation and commissioning of project 1, project 2 under NIB-II is under progress and the
centralized billing and provisioning management is planned in project 3.

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