Section 3.

1
The First English Settlements

England Seeks Colonies
England began to establish colonies in North America in the late 1500s.

Founding Jamestown
King James I backed a project to establish a colony called Virginia.

Define Charter: a document issued by a government that grants specific rights to a
person or company.

Jamestown hardly survived due to its swampy weather and people catching Malaria.

John Smith took command of Jamestown in 1608 his most important rule was
He who works not, eats not

Under John Smiths rule the colonist cut timber, built building and planted crops. To
get more food he raided the Native American Villages, this angered Pohatan.

The fall of 1609 is called the Starving Time. This was when relationships worsened
with the Native Americans and the food supply ran out during a terrible winter.

Jamestown Prospers
Jamestown found a sustainable source in the colony and started to grow tobacco.

What was the House of Burgesses?
Virginas first law making body that used a representative government

Define: Representative Government:
The form of government in which voters elect people to make laws for them.

Colonies gained slaves from the West Indies.

The Plymouth Colony
The group of people that wanted to separate from the church of England and King
Henry VIIs rule were called separatists. They first went to the Netherlands and then
sailed for Virginia.

Define Pilgrim:

The Pilgrims settled in what is today Massachusetts, on their way they signed the
Mayflower Compact. This called for a government that would make and follow just
and equal laws.

The pilgrims would not have made it through the winter of 1620-1621 if it were not
for the help of Squanto. He brought them food and taught them how to grow and
catch food. The pilgrims set aside a day to give thanks to Squanto and his people we
call this the first Thanksgiving.

Section 4.1
Governing the Colonies

Define:
Magna Carta: Colonist made king sign, it limited the monarchs right to levy taxes
without consulting nobles and protected the right to own private property, also
guaranteed a trial by jury.

Parliament: A two-house legislature, they had the power to approve new taxes

Legislature: A group of people who have the power to make laws.

Bill of rights: written list of freedoms that government promises to protect.

Habeas corpus: the principle that a person cannot be held on prison without being
charged with a specific crime.

Freedom of the press: the right of journalist to publish the truth without restriction
or penalty.

Libel: the publishing of statements that damage a persons reputation.

Section 4.2
Colonial Society

The Family in Colonial Times
Many people lived with an extended family which is family that included other
family members such as aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins.

On the farm families had many responsibilities, they were expected to plant,
cultivate, and harvest crops.

Men Woman and Children
Marriages were chosen by their parents.

Woman had many domestic responsibilities. Woman could not hold office or vote.

Young people often became an apprentice or someone who learns a trade by
working for someone in that trade for a certain period of time.

Social Classes
Define:
Gentry: upper class of the colonial society

Middle Class: mad up of small planters, independent framers, and artisans.

Indentured Servants: signed a contract to work from 4 to 10 years in the colonies for
anyone who would pay for his or her ocean passage to the Americas.

Free African Americans: were able to own property and be slaveholders.

Section 4.4
The Spread of New Ideas

Importance of Education
Puritans passed laws to promote education

What is a public school? A school supported by taxes

What is a dame school? Schools that women opened in their homes to teach girls
and boys to read and write.

What is the difference between Puritan schools and our schools today? Puritan
schools only were focused on reading writing, arithmetic, and their religion. In
schools today we focus on many subjects. (Answers may vary, one difference)

How did African Americans get education?
An angelica group ran a school for free African Americans, some of them taught
themselves in secret.

What was the first college in the English colonies?
Harvard

Roots of American Literature
Who was Anne Bradstreet?
First colonial poet, known for writing about feminism

Who was Phyllis Wheatley?
An enslaved African American who was a poet

What contribution did Benjamin Franklin make as a writer in the colonies?
He had a newspaper and an almanac

The Great Awakening
By the 1700s religion had become less strict and the Great Awakening began as a
reaction.


Jonathan Edwards, a preacher wrote Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God and was a
driving force behind the Great Awakening.

The Great Awakening led to the rise of many new churches, reinforced democratic
beliefs, and people started to believe that if they could agree on how to worship they
could therefore agree on how to govern themselves.

The Enlightenment
Europeans came together in the 1600s to believe that problems could be solved by
human reason.

John Locke argued that people have natural rights which include life, liberty and
property as well as divine rights which are rights that come to them from God.

Montesquieu favored the separation of powers which is division of the power of
government into separate branches.

Name the 13 original colonies: (power point notes and page 88)

New England Colonies (4): Massachusetts (Plymouth), New Hampshire, Connecticut,
Rhode Island

Middle Colonies (4): New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania

Southern Colonies (5): Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and
Georgia


The 13 colonies are on the east coast and are located near the Atlantic ocean.