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Geography Notes

Ryan Chow - Grade 7 Amber


1. Maps - basic tools for Geographers.
2. Globes - spherical model of the earth
3. Imaginary lines on the globe and maps, making a grid.
4. East west lines are Latitude. Example: equator 0 degrees.
5. North south lines are Longitude. 0 degrees prime meridian. 180 degrees
international date line.
6. Hemisphere - North, South, East, West
7. Continents - Giant Land Mass
8. Islands - Land surrounded by water.
9. Map projections. Cylinder Projection, Conic Projection, Flat plane projections
10. Title - Subject of map
11. Compass rose - Arrows pointing in 4 directions.
12. Bar scale - Gives distance in miles and kilometres.
13. Legend - Key that shows what symbols on maps mean.
14. Locater map - Shows where in the world is the area of located.
15. Social science - a field that studies people and the relationships among them.
16. Region - Part of the world that has one or more common features that
distinguish it from the surrounding areas.
17. Environment - Includes its land, water, climate, plants and animals.
Five Themes
18. Location - where something is (e.g. Mt Fuji)
19. Place - describes features that make a place unique (e.g. Shanghai)
20. Region (e.g. Middle East (Gulf States)
21. Movement - Transportation (e.g. airplanes/airports)
22. Human-Environment Interaction (e.g. farming)
23. The World in Spatial Terms
- Use maps and other tools (data)
24. Places and Regions
- Physical/Human Characteristics of places
25. Physical Systems
- Physical processes (e.g. earthquakes, typhoons, folding)
26. Human Systems
- Human processes (e.g. population, migration)
27. Environment and Society
- Connection between environment and humans
28. Uses of Geography
- Apply Geography to past, present, future
29. Haciendas. Huge expanses of farm or ranch land
30. Sequencing. A particular order in which related things follow each other

31. Influence. The capacity to have an effect on the character, development,


or behaviour of someone or something, or the effect itself
32. Summarising. Give a brief statement of the main points of something
33. Solar Energy - Energy from the sun
34. Rotation - One Spin of Earth (1 Day)
35. Revolution - One trip around the sun (1 Year)
36. Tilt - The angle the Earth is tilted (23.5 degrees)
37. Landforms - Shape of the Earth (e.g. hills or mountains)
38. Continents - Large land masses (e.g. Asia)
39. Plate Tectonics - Earth divided into slow moving plates)
40. Lava - Magma (molten rock) that reaches the Earths surface.
41. Earthquakes - Sudden Violent Movements of Earths crust.
42. Weathering - Rock is broken down into smaller pieces (no movement)
43. Erosion - Movement of sediment
44. Weather - Short Term
45. Climate - Long Period of Time

Prevailing Winds
46. Prevailing Winds that blow over large areas in the same direction.

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