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ELEMENTS,
COMPOUNDS,
AND MIXTURES
CONFUSING
THERE ARE A LOT OF TERMS THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW FOR
THIS SECTION. I CANNOT STRESS ENOUGH YOUR NEED
TO KNOW ALL OF THESE WORDS AND THE
CORRESPONDING VOCABULARY.
CHEMICAL CHANGE
ATOMS
ATOMS ARE THE SMALLEST
WHOLE PART OF AN ELEMENT
THAT KEEP THE PROPERTY OF
THAT ELEMENT.
GROUPS OF THE SAME KIND OF
ATOMS ARE CALLED
ELEMENTS.
A PURE SUBSTANCE IS A
SUBSTANCE THAT CONTAINS
100% OF THAT SUBSTANCE.
SINCE AN ELEMENT IS COMPOSED OF A GROUP OF THE
SAME ATOMS, THEN IT MUST BE A PURE SUBSTANCE.
ELEMENTS ARE ALSO HOMOGENEOUS. HOMOGENEOUS
SUBSTANCES ARE EVENLY MIXED THROUGHOUT.
MIXTURES
French Dressing,
homogeneous
SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS ARE PROBABLY THE
MOST EVENLY MIXED OF THE
MIXTURES. SOLUTIONS ARE
IMPURE. SOLUTIONS ARE MADE
WHEN A SOLUTE (SUBSTANCE
BEING DISSOLVED) IS ADDED TO A
SOLVENT (SUBSTANCE DOING
THE DISSOLVING). THE
RESULTING MIXTURE IS THE
SOLUTION. SOLUTIONS THAT ARE
EVENLY MIXED ARE
HOMOGENEOUS. SOLUTIONS
ALLOYS
AN ALLOY IS A METALLIC MIXTURE, A SOLID DISSOLVED IN A
SOLID. IT IS MADE WHEN ONE METAL IS LITERALLY
DISSOLVED INTO ANOTHER METAL. GOLD JEWELRY IS AN
EXAMPLE OF AN ALLOY. PURE GOLD IS TOO SOFT TO USE
SO COPPER IS ADDED TO GIVE STRENGTH.
BRASS IS AN ALLOY MADE BY MIXING COPPER AND ZINC.
ALLOYS
Coins are a good example
of an alloy. In the photo
below you can see that
the coin is a mixture of
copper and another metal.
Since it is an alloy, each
metal keeps its
properties. A property of
copper is that it will turn
green over time.
COMPOUNDS
COMPOUNDS ARE PURE SUBSTANCES
THAT ARE MADE WHEN TWO OR MORE
DIFFERENT ATOMS ARE CHEMICALLY
COMBINED. THIS RESULTS IN NEW
MATTER THAT HAS ALL NEW PROPERTIES.
COMPOUNDS CAN NOT BE SEPARATED
EASILY LIKE MIXTURES CAN. SINCE
COMPOUNDS ARE PURE THEY ARE ALSO
HOMOGENEOUS SUBSTANCES.
PURE SUBSTANCEELEMENTMIXTURE-
PHYSICALLY COMBINEDATOMCOMPOUND-
SOLUTIONHETEROGENEOUSALLOY-
CHEMICALLY COMBINED-