Developments

Previous Knowledge From

Developments
Point View method
Cube

Cylinder Development

Cylinder Development

Cone Development

Cone Development

Pyramid Development

Rebattment Method

Radial Method

REBATTMENT

Draw the development of a

Truncated pentagonal prism
given its plan and elevation

CHANGE

REBATTMENT
REBATTMENT

DEVELOPMENT OF TRUNTCATED PRISM

What is Ducting?

Air Ducts

Agriculture

Construction

Guttering

Automotive

Intersecting Ductwork and Pipework

60
70
X

A rectangular section duct is to

intersect a square duct at an
angle of 45 degrees as shown in
the figure. Find the surface
development of each ducting
piece.

50

40

ELEVATION

PLAN

CHANGE

CHANGE

Joining Pipes and Ducts of Equal

Diameter

The elevation of a double elbow

joint for a circular duct is shown.
Develop the surface of the
section marked A.

30

CHANGE
40

60

10

11

12
7
1

Development of A

2
5

3
1

10

11
12

The diagram shows a Y joint

between three 50mm diameter
pipes. Develop the surface of
the section marked A

A
45

50

45

50

CHANGE

CHANGE

2
1

3
4
5

A
7

1
2

3
4
5
6
7
6
5
4

3
2

CHANGE

A pipe P intersects a larger pipe

at right angles. Draw the given
end view and complete the front
elevation. Develop the surface
of the pipe P.

A circular duct pipe intersects a square

duct pipe as shown.
i.
Draw a front elevation and end
view showing the line of
intersection.
ii. Develop the surface of the
cylindrical duct.
iii. Show the true shape of the hole to
be cut in the square duct.

50

20

40

The diagram shows the end view of a T-junction

joining a 40mm diameter pipe and a 50mm diameter
pipe. One side of the smaller pipe is tangential to the
larger pipe as shown.
(i) Draw the given view and find the front elevation
showing the line of intersection.
(ii) Develop the surface of the 40mm diameter
pipe.
(iii) Develop enough of the 50mm diameter pipe to
show the true shape of the hole to be cut in it.

6,2

7,1

8,12

5,3

3,11
2,12

9,11
10

4,10

5,9
6,8
7

10

11

12

Development of smaller pipe

a
b
c
d

e
f
g

Partial development showing

the true shape of the hole to
be cut in in the larger cylinder

225

250

The diagram shows the plan and elevation of two

intersecting air conditioning ducts. The ducts
intersect at an oblique angle
(1) Draw the plan and elevation of the ducting.
Showing the line of intersection.

100

(2) Project an end elevation.

(3) Develop the oblique duct and show the
true shape of the hole.

1,11
2,10
3,9

4,8

5,7
6

End Elevation

Front Elevation

a b

10,8
f
11,7

Partial development of
250mm duct showing true
shape of hole

0,6

c
1,5

b
a
3

2,4

Plan

(1) Draw the plan and elevation of the ducting.

Showing the line of intersection.
(2) Project an end elevation.

(3) Develop the oblique duct and show the true

shape of the hole.

Development of 200mm duct

The plan and incomplete elevation

of two ducts are shown. One duct is
circular in cross section, while the
other is square in cross section.
i.
ii.

Find the line of intersection between the

two ducts and project an end view.
Develop the surface of the square duct

Transition Pieces

Triangulation Method
Used to develop transition pieces
Divides surfaces into a number of triangles
These triangles are used to build up the development

100

22

15

59

22

15

75

15

To determine the development of the funnel

piece between two rectangular ducting
pieces.

35

30

35

35

25

15

100

Given the plan and elevation of a sheet, metal

hopper. Find the complete development of the
surfaces.

25

25

50

4,3

1, 2

True Lengths

True Lengths

5, 6

8, 7

2
7

5
1

6
5
8
4

100

15

75

15

To determine the development of a funnel piece

between two rectangular ducting pieces

22

15

59

22

Elevation

35

30

Plan

35

2, 7

5, 6

1, 2

4, 3

3
4

2
1

8
8

 Given the plan and elevation of a sheet,

metal hopper. Find the complete

development of the surfaces using the
Rebattment method.

80

40

60

To develop the surface of the

transition piece connecting two
circular pipes.

8
0
7
6
5

Partial
Development
4
3
2
1
0

Elevation
8

10
11

7
6

0
1

5
4

Plan

16

80

40

50

To develop the surface of the transition piece

connecting two circular pipes whose axes
are not aligned.

60

To develop the surface of the transition piece connecting

ducting of square section and rectangular section

20

60

30

10

Elevation

Plan
60

This development could be solved by rebattment or by triangulation.

It will be solved by triangulation in this example.
When finding true lengths, care must be taken that the correct
heights are used

5, 6

8, 7
4

3
1, 2

4, 3
7,
3

Elevation

8,
4

5,
4

8, 6,5,
3 21

True lengths

7, 6,
2 1

8
7

3
6

Plan

Development
4

To Develop the Transition piece connecting a

square duct and a rectangular duct.

1. Draw the given plan and elevation.
2. Divide the surface into triangles.

3. Index the corners.

4. Find the true lengths of all the edges of these triangles
5. Complete the development in the usual way.

Transition Pieces: Circular to Rectilinear

60
70
120

To find the development of the

transition piece connecting a circular
pipe and a rectangular pipe on the
same axis.

70
70

110

The diagram shows a transition piece joining a square duct to a

circular duct. The ducts lie on different axes. Make a development of
the transition piece.

74 5 6 2,3

4 3

10 12
11 9 10 8

11 10

12

3
6

2
7

A,D

C
7

11 10

10

3
2

12

B,C

11
1

12

Shown is a transition piece joining

a square duct to a circular duct.
The ducts lie in different axes.
Make a development of the
transition piece.
The true shape of the seam joining the
transition piece and the cylindrical pipe must
be found. It will be elliptical in shape because
the cylindrical pipe is cut at an angle.

70
100

The drawing shows a transition piece

connecting two cylindrical pipes of
different diameters and on different
axes. Find a half development of this
transition piece

2
3

1
2

4
6

True Lengths

Heights

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

76
7 6

5 6 7

3
3

2
21

Elevation
Lengths of elements in the plan
set out from the vertical
1

1
2
3

2
1

7
1

7
6

2
3

5
3

7
4
5

Plan

Half Development

25
40
35

100
50

i.
ii.
iii.

Find the intersection between the ducting

systems.
Find the complete development of the
rectangular duct.
Make a half-development of the oblique
cylindrical duct.

Shown is a rectangular duct

intersecting with an oblique
cylindrical section of
ductwork.

10

20

80

10

60

The diagram shows a square duct intersecting with an

oblique cylindrical section of ductwork.
(i) Draw the given views and project a plan.
(ii) Show the line of intersection in all views.
(iii) Develop the surface of the square ducting section
A.
(iv) Develop the surface of the oblique cylindrical
duct.

Development of
oblique cylinder

Development of
duct section A

e,h

The projections of the transition piece of the unit are

given

f,g

a,d

Complete the development of this transition piece

using triangulation

b,c

c
d

a
f

The projections of the transition piece of the unit are given

e,h

f,g

Complete the development of this transition piece using

triangulation

a,d

b,c

c
d

The true shape of cdhg is shown in the

elevation

e
a

f
e
h

Lines ad, eh, fg, bc, ef and ab all appear as

true lengths in plan