Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Larry Q. Paperwriter
Envision Academy of Arts and Technology
Winter 2015

Authors Note
This paper was prepared for World History, Period 2 taught by Mr. Kondonijakos

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Abstract
**You are essentially creating an annotated bibliography about your own paper**
Step 1: Introduce a general overview on the topic of the paper.
Step 2: Describe what the reader will find in this paper

Sample

Abstract
1.

In recent years, policymakers and medical experts have expressed

alarm about the growing problem of childhood obesity in the United States. While
most agree that the issue deserves attention, consensus dissolves around how
to respond to the problem. 2. This paper examines one approach to treating
childhood obesity: medication. The paper compares the effectiveness for
adolescents of the only two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for long-term treatment of obesity, sibutramine and orlistat. This
examination of pharmacological treatments for obesity points out the limitations
of medication and suggests the need for a comprehensive solution that combines
medical, social, behavioral, and political approaches to this complex problem.

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Section One: What factors prompted the South African government to begin
the practice of apartheid?
* You will write 2 paragraphs that following the following format
1.Topic sentence/section thesis
2. Context
3. Evidence (quote)
4. Analysis/significance
NOTE:
It is very important to establish in this section a history of the Dutch in South
Africa and define/clarify the terms Afrikaner and apartheid.
Example (one paragraph)
1.

2.

The country of South Africa has a long history of conflict and oppression.

This strife can be traced all the way back to the 1600s when the Dutch

government first began to encourage Boers (Afrikaans for farmer) to establish

settlements in the Cape of Good Hope. Though aspects of racial segregation and
white supremacy already existed, the specific policy of apartheid (Afrikaans for
apartness), however, did not begin until 1948 with the election of the Afrikaner
Nationalist Party (ANP). Feeding into the social climate and economic hardship
of the time, the Afrikaner party ran on a platform of segregation. 3. The Great
Depression and World War Two brought increasing economic woes to South
Africa, and convinced the government to strengthen its policies of racial
segregation. (Thompson, 2001) 4. The ANP scapegoated the non-white
population as the cause of their problems and repeated the message that the
only way to bring back the South African economy was to instill stricter racial
laws.

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Section Two: What effects did apartheid have in South Africa?

* You will write 2 paragraphs that following the following format
1.Topic sentence/section thesis
2. Context
3. Evidence (quote)
4. Analysis/significance
NOTE:
In this section you can focus on any of the various forms of oppression.
Examples might include, but are not limited to, a focus on legislation, culture, or
economics.
Example (one paragraph)
1.

The effects of apartheid are extensive and cover the complete scope of

the levels of oppression (internalize, external, and institutional).

2.

Throughout the

period of apartheid, the South African government would enact new legislation to
further oppress the non-white population. Many of these laws served to repress
even the most basic of human rights. One such law was the Group Areas Act of
1950. The Group Areas Act restricted where non-whites could live. 3. More
specifically, [the law excluded] non-Whites from living in the most developed
areas, which were restricted to Whites. (Foles, 2008) 4. The effect of this was
that non-whites had to commute very long distances to work. Additionally, the
areas in which the non-whites were forced to live were often very small
compared to the size of the population. This led to overcrowding and the effects
overcrowding can have on a community (i.e. increased crime, sickness, etc.).

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Section Three: What factors contributed to the abandonment of

apartheid in South Africa?
* You will write 2 paragraphs that following the following format
1.Topic sentence/section thesis
2. Context
3. Evidence (quote)
4. Analysis/significance
NOTE:
In this section it is important to tie together both the work happening inside the
county of South Africa with the pressure created by the international community.
Example (one paragraph)
1. After

decades and decades of resistance, in 1994, the wicked and immoral

system of apartheid finally came to an end. 2. While many thousands of people risked
their lives to protest this system, there are two that stand out as major contributors
to the abolition of apartheid. The first is former African National Congress (ANC)
leader Nelson Mandela. Mandela was a founder of the military wing of the ANC
known as Umkhonto we Sizwe, or Spear of the Nation. By the early 1960s many
ANC leaders were being arrested, sentenced to long prison terms, or executed.
Mandela was no different. In 1963 Mandela was imprisoned for his resistance to
apartheid and would not be released until 1990. 3. His imprisonment would draw
international attention and help garner support for the anti-apartheid cause.
(Maclin, 2003) 4. The international support would be key to ending apartheid. In
1973, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly, at the time a collection of 135
countries from around the world, passed a resolution denouncing the system of
apartheid. Later, in 1976, the UN Security Council would enact a mandatory arms
embargo on the nation of South Africa meaning that no UN nation could sell
weapons to the nation of South Africa. These acts, along with several other
voluntary boycotts of the nation would ultimately create enough pressure on the
South African government that they would end apartheid.

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Conclusion:
Paragraph 1:
Sum up your main points and most significant ideas the reader should take away
from your paper. Also be sure to clarify or simplify how your three sections
connect.

Paragraph 2:
This is the so what portion of the paper. It is important here to display that you
have thought critically and analytically about the issue of apartheid. You should
be able to make connections to the larger world, your own community, future
consequences, or humanity in general.
NOTE:
It is fine to introduce new information or quotations in your conclusions, as long
as the new points grow from your previous arguments. New points might be more
general or very specific in answering the "so what" question. Just avoid making
new claims that need a lot of additional support or evidence.

Running head: A History of Apartheid in South Africa

Annotated Bibliography

(Cut and paste your proficient annotated bibliography here)