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FUNCTION OF RIBS

AND DIAPHRAGM

R E S P I R AT O R Y

Ribs and diaphragm


Diaphragm:
Expands downwards into the
abdominal cavity to allow for the
lungs to expand as we inhale.

Maecenas

As the diaphragm contracts the air is


expelled from the lungs.

Ribs:
The ribs protect the lungs and
expand as you inhale to facilitate
space for the lungs to expand like the
diaphragm. The ribs then contract
expelling the air in the lungs.

The diaphragm is the body is primary breathing


muscle. With each inhalation, the diaphragm
expands the chest, allowing the lungs to take in
air. The ribs and intercostal muscles support
breathing by helping the chest cavity expand and
contract. The rib cage protects the lungs and heart
as well.
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that
separates the chest and abdominal cavity. With
each inhalation, the diaphragm tightens and
moves downward, causing the suction that allows
the lungs to expand. The intercostal muscles also
contract and elevate the rib cage, expanding the
chest cavity. During exhalation, the diaphragm
and intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the size
of the chest cavity.

The respiratory system (or


ventilatory system) is a biological
system consisting of specific
organs and structures used for the
process of respiration in an
organism

S T R U C T U R E A N D F U N C T I O N O F T H E PA R T S O F T H E R E S P I R AT O R Y
SYSTEM

T H E T RACHE A

Breathing Out (Exhalation)


When you breathe out, or exhale, your
diaphragm relaxes and moves upward into the

The trachea the tube connecting the throat to the bronchi.


The bronchi the trachea divides into two bronchi (tubes). One
leads to the left lung, the other to the right lung. Inside the lungs
each of the bronchi divides into smaller bronchi.

chest cavity. !
The intercostal muscles between the ribs also

T H E BR ON CHE OL I:

relax to reduce the space in the chest cavity.!

The broncheoli - the bronchi branches off into smaller tubes


called broncheoli which end in the pulmonary alveolus.

As the space in the chest cavity gets smaller, air


rich in carbon dioxide is forced out of your lungs
and windpipe, and then out of your nose or

unless you have a lung disease or are doing


physical activity. When you're physically active,
your abdominal muscles contract and push your

The bronchi

The broncheoli

Pulmonary alveoli

Upper respiratory tract

Lower respiratory tract

Pulmonary alveoli tiny sacs (air sacs) delineated by a singlelayer membrane with blood capillaries at the other end.

mouth.!
Breathing out requires no eort from your body

The trachea

The parts of the respiratory system


Upper respiratory tract:
This includes the nose, mouth, and the beginning of the trachea
(the section that takes air in and lets it out).

diaphragm against your lungs even more than

Lower respiratory tract:

usual. This rapidly pushes air out of your

This includes the trachea, the bronchi, broncheoli and the lungs

lungs.!

(the act of breathing takes place in this part of the

system).

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