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DNA and RNA, Mitosis

DNA
Structure

RNA

Protein
Synthesis

Reproduc
tion

Mitosis

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Topic 1 10 Points
QUESTION:
What are the base-pair rules in DNA?

ANSWER:
A-T
G-C

Topic 1 20 Points
QUESTION:
What do both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain?

ANSWER:
A sugar molecule, a nitrogen base, and a
phosphate

Topic 1 30 Points
QUESTION:
What is the shape of DNA? What is the shape of
RNA?

ANSWER:
DNA is a double helix
RNA is a single chain

Topic 1 40 Points
QUESTION:
In the following picture,
DNA wraps around
proteins in a tight coil to
form:

ANSWER:
a chromosome

Topic 1 50 Points
QUESTION:
Why is the sequence of bases in DNA important
to cells?

ANSWER:
It determines the sequences of amino acids in
proteins

Topic 2 10 Points
QUESTION:
What are the base pair rules in RNA?

ANSWER:
A-U
G-C

Topic 2 20 Points
QUESTION:
In terms of RNA, what base has been replaced
with Uracil?

ANSWER:
Thymine

Topic 2 30 Points
QUESTION:
DNA and RNA both contain 3 distinct parts. What
are they?

ANSWER:
Phosphate, Nitrogen Base & a sugar molecule

Topic 2 40 Points
QUESTION:
What is the prominent difference between DNA
and RNA in term of their sugar molecules?

ANSWER:
Deoxyribose vs Ribose sugar

Topic 2 50 Points
QUESTION:
Describe primary function of mRNA and tRNA.

ANSWER:
mRNA carries the coded message from the DNA in
the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis
to begin.
tRNA takes the code from mRNA and finds the
correct amino acid

Topic 3 10 Points
QUESTION:
What is protein synthesis?

ANSWER:
The process of a proteins being
made/contructed.

Topic 3 20 Points
QUESTION:
Where does protein synthesis take place (think
cell organelles)

ANSWER:
At the ribosomes

Topic 3 30 Points
QUESTION:
Transcription is a process that happens in the
nucleus when mRNA and DNA begin to work
together. What is actually happening.

ANSWER:
RNA is constructed from the DNA strand and a
codon is made

Topic 3 40 Points
QUESTION:
How do we figure of which amino acid is created
when given a 3-letter codon?

ANSWER:
Use a chart/key

Topic 3 50 Points
QUESTION:
Put these steps in order
A : TRNA brings amino acids to the ribosomes to
meet up mRNA
B : Transcription begins and a codon is created
C: mRNA moves on to the ribosomes
D: Proteins are produced
E: DNA is used as a template for transcription to
begin

ANSWER:
1: DNA is used as a template for transcription to
begin
2: Transcription begins and a codon is created
3: mRNA moves on to the ribosomes

Topic 4 10 Points
QUESTION:
Which type of reproduction produces clones and
is very fast?

ANSWER:
Asexual Reproduction

Topic 4 20 Points
QUESTION:
Prokaryotes reproduce by the process of:

ANSWER:
Binary Fission

Topic 4 30 Points
QUESTION:
What is the main advantage of sexual
reproduction?

ANSWER:
It increases diversity in a population (adds
genes)

Topic 4 40 Points
QUESTION:
Ok, so its not reproduction, but its on the test,
so
If a DNA sequence reads AAA CCG TAA GGT,
what would happen if this is transcribed into
mRNA?

ANSWER:
The code would change to: UUU GGC AUU CCA
After that, the amino acids formed would be:
Phe, Gly, Iso, Pro

Topic 4 50 Points
QUESTION:
What is a picture of
chromosomes
called?

ANSWER:
Karyotype

Topic 5 10 Points
QUESTION:
During which phase do all the chromosomes line
up at the center?

ANSWER:
Metaphase

Topic 5 20 Points
QUESTION:
The cytoplasm divides during which phase of the
cell cycle?

ANSWER:
Cytokinesis (Telophase)

Topic 5 30 Points
QUESTION:
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA
replicate?

ANSWER:
S Phase (Synthesis Phase)

Topic 5 40 Points
QUESTION:
What factors affect the rate of mitosis?

ANSWER:
Radiation, Age, and viruses

Topic 5 50 Points
QUESTION:
Why is mitosis important? What is it used for?

ANSWER:
Growth, Cell Replacement, Reproduction

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