Science

Final Review

What is included in the final

exam

What is matter?
Particle model
Mixtures
Periodic Table of Elements
Energy
Sustainable Energy
Fluid
Sensory Organs
GMOs
Global Warming
Greenhouse Effect
Food Inc.

Matter (page 6-7)

What is Matter?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYFAj50c7xM

What are the 3 states of matter?

Solid, Liquid and Gas

Describe each of the 3 states of matter.

What do the particles look like in each state?
Solid (very close together)
Liquid (more room between)
Gas (very far apart)

The Particle Model (page 6)

The particle model states that all matter is
made up of particles which are in constant
motion.
The 3 main points of the particle theory can
be summarized as follows.
1. All matter is made up of particles.
2. The particles are in constant motion
3. The particles are attracted towards on another.

Molecules vs. Atoms (page

7-8)
Amoleculeis the smallest particle in a
chemical element or compound that has the
chemical properties of that element or
compound.Molecules are made up of atoms
that are held together by chemical bonds.
Atomsare the basic building blocks of matter
that make up everyday objects. A desk, the
air, even you are made up ofatoms! There
are 90 naturally occurring kinds ofatoms.

Mixture vs. Pure Substance (page 910)

Mixturesare physical combinations of pure
substances that have no definite or constant
composition the composition of a mixture
varies according to who prepares the mixture.
Apure substancehas a definite and constant
composition like salt or sugar. A pure
substance can be either an element or a
compound, but the composition of a pure
substance doesnt vary. All elements are
pure substances.

Mixture vs. Pure Substance

Real world examples
Pure substance: gold, oxygen, water,
diamond, tin, salt, sugar
Mixture: oil and water, coffee and
milk, cookie ingredients, pizza, cereal
and milk

Different kinds of Mixtures (page 1920)

Decantation
Real world examples: wine, liquid from mustard, separating
fat from beef

Filtration
Real world examples: brita water filter, coffee, draining water
from pasta

Evaporation
Real world examples: sweating, rain.

Distillation
Real world examples: salt water into water, alcohol.

Chromatography
Real world examples: forensic testing, drug testing,
fingerprinting, bomb detection

Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous

(page 10-12)
Aheterogeneous mixtureis a mixture where
the components of the mixture are not uniform
or have localized regions with different
properties. Different samples from the mixture
are not identical to each other. There are always
two or more phases in a heterogeneous mixture,
where you can identify a region with properties
that are distinct from those of another region,
even if they are the same state of matter
Real world examples:
Pizza, cereal with milk, vegetable soup, ice in soda

Heterogeneous vs.
Homogeneous
Ahomogeneous mixtureis a
mixture where the components that
make up the mixture are uniformly
distributed throughout the mixture.
The composition of the mixture is the
same throughout.
Real world examples:
Air, sugar water, steel, vodka, rain
water, dishwater detergent

Periodic Table of Elements (page 2122)

Periodic Table of Elements

Make a list of 15 elements that you
believe are important to everyday
life.
Beside each element give at least 1
example form the real world that
would use the element.
Example: Fe Iron golf clubs,
building materials, pans,

Mechanical vs. Chemical Energy

(page 38-41)
Mechanical energy is the energy that is
possessed by an object due to its motion or
due to its position.
Mechanical energy can be either
kinetic energy(energy of motion) orpotential
energy (stored energy).
Objects have mechanical energy if they are in
motion.
Real world examples: steam train, electric
engine, hammering a nail, walking, running,
rolling an object, rubbing hands together.

Mechanical vs. Chemical

Energy
Chemical energyisenergy that is
stored in chemicals.
chemicalenergyis
thatpartoftheenergyinasubstanc
ethatcanbereleasedbyachemical
reaction.
Real world examples: lighting a
match, car motor, streetlights
lighting up.

Physical vs. Chemical Changes

(page 43-52)
Chemical changeis any change
that results in the formation of new
chemical substances.
Examples: rust, milk souring, eggs
cooking, banana going brown.
Physical changerearranges
molecules but doesn't affect their
internal structures.
Examples: boiling water, dissolving
sugar in water, dicing potatoes.

Fluid (page 66-67)

A substance that has no fixed shape
and yields easily to external
pressure; a gas or a liquid.
Real world examples: water,
Gatorade, coffee, salt water, tea,
steam, gas, hydrogen, air.

Sensory Organs (page 213220)

Human sensory organs such as
theeye,ear, nose,
skinandtongueare central in the
processing of sensory information
from all the stimuli that bombards
the body continuously. Without
sensory organs we would not be able
to make sense of our environment
and surroundings.

Ear
The ear is used for 2 main things: hearing and balance.

You will need to label this diagram!

Eye
The eye allows us to see amazing
things, colours and shapes!
What is the function of the iris?
Regulates the amount of light coming into
the eye

You will need to label the diagram on

page 213.

Nose
The nose allows us to smell great
things like apple pie and cookies and
not so great things like dog poo and
sour milk.
Nerve cells sensitive to odours are
located in the upper wall of the nasal
cavity.
You need to know the diagram on
page 219 and be able to label it.

Skin
The skin is the largest organ in the
human body.
There are 3 layers:
The outer layer Epidermis
The middle layer Dermis
The inner layer Hypodermis
You will need to label a diagram of
the skin.

Mouth
The receptors for taste, called taste
buds, are situated chiefly in the
tongue, but they are also located in
the roof of the mouth.
They are able to detect 5 basic
tastes:
salty, sweet, bitter, sour and umami.

Food Inc.
What were the themes?
What did you learn?
What was interesting? Why?

GMOs (page 245-246)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
8z_CqyB1dQo
What are they?
Agenetically modifiedorganism
(GMO) is a living organism that has its
DNA modified through genetic
transformation to provide it with traits it
would not otherwise have.

Good vs. Bad

Animals vs. Plants

Global Warming
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
xcVwLrAavyA
Good? Bad? Why?
Remember the documentary:
An Inconvenient Truth

Greenhouse Effect
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B
PJJM_hCFj0
Explain how it works with a diagram
Good vs. Bad

Sustainable Energy (page

35)
What are the different kinds?
Wind, Water, Solar, Geothermal & Plant
Biomass

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U
qjD26kz5fU