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Anthony, Fatima, Travis, and Monique


STALIN MASTER PACKET
Directions:
Please rename your document with ALL group members first names and your block with
Master Packet 2 -> YOUR DICTATORS NAME.
You must share your document with each group member and Mrs. Babcock
(eleni.babcock.bhs@gmail.com) and allow for editing by all group members including Mrs.
Babcock. (click on the share button in the upper right hand corner and enter all participants
email addresses.)
Group Directions:
If you are using multiple sources within each box E, please make sure that YOU CITE EACH
AND EVERY SOURCE DIRECTLY AFTER YOU COPY THE QUOTES.
Make sure that you are copying WORD FOR WORD from packet 1.
For each question, make sure that EVs 1 & 2 are 2 different pieces of information that answer
the question.
See the handout in Edmodo entitled Master Packet #2 Dictator Groups Assignment Directions
for additional information/directions.

Assertion 1 Idea: The Rise of Stalin


ASS 1, Q1: What was the state of Russia prior to Stalin coming to power?
Box 1 EV 1:
Peasant farmers complained about the economic gulf between themselves and the
landowners, who kept most of the crop money. The peasants regarded anyone who did
not work as a parasite, and they threatened a violent peasants revolt unless the
landowners handed the land over to them. The czar of Russia, Nicholas II, a member of
the ruling Romanov family, autocratically ruled the nation. He rejected the peasants
demands and threatened violence of his own if their protests persisted. Many students,
Stalin included, supported the peasants, while the priests supported the czar. (James
Barter/ PG 18-19)
The vast Russian Empire is thrown into turmoil in March 1917 after Tsar Nicholas II
abdicates and the Imperial Government is replaced by a Provisional Government led by
moderate socialist Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kerensky.
Source #: 1, 3

Citation: James Barter/ PG 18-19, http://www.moreorless.net.au/killers/stalin.html


/Background
Box 2 EV2: APPROVED
By 15 March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated from the Russian throne, World War I had
been raging for three years and the Russian people were tired and demoralized. The
Bolsheviks finally came to power on 7 November 1917 but it was neither a smooth
transition nor a smooth ride once they were in power, for when Russia withdrew from
World War I in 1918, the Bolsheviks had to fight a bitter civil war with the White Army who
were Tsarist sympathizers. (PG 44-45)
Source #: 6
Citation: Shelley Klein / PG 44-45
ASS 1, Q2: How did Stalin move up through the ranks of the communist party?
Box 3 EV1: APPROVED Stalin becoming friends with Lenin
The meeting with Lenin in Finland was Stalins first of many strategic stepping-stones to
assuming absolute authority over the Soviet Union. Stalin arrived filled with high
expectations for making his mark on the party. The meeting would introduce Stalin to the
major figures in the party he would work with a variety of tasks as he rose from a minor
participant to a major party force and finally to the supreme leader of the Soviet Union.
(pg. 24)
Source #: 1
Citation: James Barter/ PG 24
Box 4 EV2: Stalin out maneuvering his rivals
Stalin was given a series of relatively minor positions such as acting Inspector General of

the Red Army and Cabinet Minister for Nationalities Stalin made it his duty to back
Lenin in everything he said and did Rather than push himself forward, Stalin preferred
to remain in the background and thus was quite happy heading up the Orgburo
(Organizational Bureau) whose main concern was friends and political allies as he
could,nearly always choosing men who came from humble backgrounds and who had
little or no education because these men were more easily manipulated. (Source #6)
Source #: 6
Citation: Shelley Klein / PG 45
ASS 1, Q3: How did Stalin solidify power and ultimately become dictator?
1Box 5 EV1: APPROVED
Stalin takes charge of the whole party administration when he is given the newly created
post of general secretary of the Central Committee, a position that gives him control over
party appointments and allows him to develop his power base. He will consolidate his
influence further by spying on his colleagues, a tactic that will become a hallmark of his
dictatorship. (Source #3)
During these years, Stalin had continued to move up the party ladder, and in 1922 he
became secretary general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, a role that
enabled him to appoint his allies to government jobs and grow a base of political support.
(Source #5)
FIX CITATION AND SOURCES
Source #:3
Citation: http://www.moreorless.net.au/killers/stalin.html \ 1922
Box 6 EV2: Stalin becoming dictator APPROVED
"Stalin remains as general secretary when Lenin died on 21 January 1924." (Source #3)

By the time Lenin died, Stalin was the undisputed master of the Soviet Union. Stalin
consolidated his power by murdering or secretly discrediting his rivals so that there was
no one who could challenge his authority. Stalin proceeded to dismantle the NEP and
eliminate his opposition. He ordered a series of purges from the late 1920s through the
1930s that resulted in the deaths of as many as a million Soviet citizens (some ten million
were arrested). Opponents of the regime were often sent to labor camps (known as
gulags) in remote areas such as Siberia. The survival chance rates in gulags were very
low. (Source #10)

Source #: 3 10
Citation: http://www.moreorless.net.au/killers/stalin.html \Background and 1922 & Toms
Lanford PG 31

Assertion 2 Idea: Stalins Maintenance of Power


ASS 2, Q1: How did Stalin improve Russia?
Box 7 EV1: Economy APPROVED
The state takes control of the economy, introducing a program of rapid industrialisation
and agrarian consolidation and setting unrealistic goals for development. ( Source #3)
Soon after assuming power, Stalin replaced Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) of the
1920s, which allowed for some privatization, with Communist Party guided Five-Year
Plans in 1928 ...the Soviet Union made significant progress from its former status as a
predominantly peasant society to the status of a major world power by the end of the
1930s. (Source #5)
Source #: 5,3

Citation: http://www.history.com/topics/joseph-stalin / Joseph Stalin


http://www.moreorless.net.au/killers/stalin.html / 1928
Box 8 EV2: Agriculture APPROVED
Starting in the late 1920s, Joseph Stalin launched a series of five-year plans intended to
transform the Soviet Union from a peasant society into an industrial superpower. His
development plan was centered on government control of the economy and included the
forced collectivization of Soviet agriculture, in which the government took control of farms.
Millions of farmers refused to cooperate with Stalins orders and were shot or exiled as
punishment. The forced collectivization also led to widespread famine across the Soviet
Union that killed millions. (Source #7)
Stalin forced rapid industrialization and the collectivization of agricultural land, resulting in
millions dying from famine while others were sent to camps. (Source #8)

WATCH YOUR REPETITION


FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 7, 8
Citation: http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-stalin-9491723 / Synopsis
ASS 2, Q2: How did Joseph Stalin maIntain control over the people?
Box 9 EV1: Propaganda APPROVED
Additionally, Stalin built a cult of personality around himself in the Soviet Union. Cities
were renamed in his honor. Soviet history books were rewritten to give him a more
prominent role in the revolution and mythologize other aspects of his life. He was the
subject of flattering artwork, literature music, and his name became part of the Soviet

national anthem. His government also controlled the Soviet media.


Source #: 7
Citation: www.history.com/topics/joseph-stalin / The Soviet Union under Josef Stalin
Box 10 EV2: Military APPROVED
Stalin ruled by terror and with a totalitarian grip in order to eliminate anyone who might
oppose him. He expanded the powers of the secret police, encouraged citizens to spy on
one another and had millions of people killed or sent to the Gulag system of forced labor
camps. During the second half of the 1930s, Stalin instituted the Great Purge, a series of
campaigns designed to rid the Communist Party, the military and other parts of Soviet
society from those he considered a threat. (Source #7)
Joseph Stalin did not mellow with age: He prosecuted a reign of terror, purges, executions,
exiles to labor camps and persecution in the postwar USSR, suppressing all dissent and
anything that smacked of foreignespecially Westerninfluence. (Source #5)
FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 7, 5
Citation: http://www.history.com/topics/joseph-stalin / Joseph Stalin

Assertion 3: Stalins Involvement in WWII


ASS 3, Q1: Who did Josef Stalin ally himself with at the beginning and end of WWII? Why?
Box 11 EV1: Beginning
On August 23, 1939, Hitler and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin signed a surprising treaty of
nonaggression; an invasion of Poland seemed likely. Great Britain and France, uniting as the
core Allied powers, promised retribution. (Source #11)

On September 17, the Soviet Union invaded eastern Poland, revealing that the Soviets and
Germans had agreed to partition the country in their pact. (Source #11)
One advantage of Germany waging war against the Soviet Union had been a new cooperation
between Allied and Soviet forces. However, the relationship became strained. Stalin intended
to keep control of Soviet-occupied Poland and was interested in other German-held territories as
well. The Allies wished to stop the spread of Communism, yet needed the strength of the Soviet
Red Army. On November 1943, Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin met in Cairo, Egypt. It was
decided that Eisenhower would take Allied forces into France while The Soviet Red Army would
simultaneously attack the German Eastern Front. (Source #11)
The progress of the Soviet armies on the Eastern Front made it imperative for the Allies to come
to terms with Stalin about the fate of the eastern Europe. (Source #11)
FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 12
Citation: ww2history.com/ Stalin and the West
Box 12 EV2: End
Stalin is named 'Time' magazine's person of the year for 1939 for switching the balance of
power in Europe by signing the nonaggression pact with Hitler, a decision that is described as
"world-shattering". "Without the Russian pact," the magazine says, "German generals would
certainly have been loath to go into military action. With it, World War II began." (Source #3)
Stalins relationship with his wartime Allies Britain and America was dominated by two issues
which were to cause almost endless conflict. One was the question of the second front by
which Stalin meant the invasion of France via D Day and the next was the thorny subject of
the post-war boundaries of the Soviet Union, and the extent to which the Soviets could influence
or control the border states nearby. (Source #12)

FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 3, 11
Citation: http://www.moreorless.net.au/killers/stalin.html \ 1931
ASS 3, Q2: How did the nations involvement in WWII Josef Stalin affect the country as a whole?
Box 13 EV1: community
During the postwar reconstruction period, Stalin tightened domestic controls, justifying the
repression by playing up the threat of war with the West. Many repatriated Soviet citizens who
had lived abroad during the war, whether as prisoners of war, forced laborers, or defectors, were
executed or sent to prison camps. The limited freedoms granted in wartime to the church and to
collective farmers were revoked. The party tightened its admission standards and purged many
who had become party members during the war.

FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 8,13
Citation: http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-stalin-9491723 / Death and Legacy
http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Soviet2.html / Soviet Union 1945-1985

Box 14 EV2: Economy APPROVED


Although the Soviet Union was victorious in World War II, its economy had been devastated in
the struggle. Roughly a quarter of the country's capital resources had been destroyed, and
industrial and agricultural output in 1945 fell far short of prewar levels. To help rebuild the
country, the Soviet government obtained limited credits from Britain and Sweden but refused

economic assistance proposed by the United States under the Marshall Plan. Instead, the
Soviet Union compelled Soviet-occupied Eastern Europe to supply machinery and raw
materials. Germany and former Nazi satellites (including Finland) made reparations to the Soviet
Union. The Soviet people bore much of the cost of rebuilding because the reconstruction
program emphasized heavy industry while neglecting agriculture and consumer goods. By the
time of Stalin's death in 1953, steel production was twice its 1940 level, but the production of
many consumer goods and foodstuffs was lower than it had been in the late 1920s.
FIX YOUR CITATIONS! PUT THE SOURCE AND CITATIONS DIRECTLY UNDER THE
INFORMATION
Source #: 13

Citation: http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Soviet2.html / Soviet Union 1945-1985

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