Day 2: Periodic Functions.

, Exponential
Function, Piecewise Function

Secondary IV Mathematics: Cultural Social and Technical Option

Day 2: Functions Part II

Warm-up
Periodic Functions (MC)
Exponential Functions (LA)
Piecewise Function (SA) +

(LA)

CST Study Guide

Warm up
Which of the
following half-planes
represents the
solution set of the
inequality
Y 2/3 x +4
Answer: A

Three linear equations are shown below.

L1: y= - 4/3x + 20
0

L2: 4x + 3y 10 = 0 L3: 8x 6y +15 =

Which of the following statements is true?

A. Two lines are parallel, and the remaining line is
perpendicular to both of these

B. Two lines are perpendicular and no lines are parallel

C. Two lines are parallel, and no lines are perpendicular
D. No lines are parallel, and no lines are perpendicular

Learning Goals and Success

Criteria
Periodic Functions
To identify the period of the function
Identify where on the x axis does the graph repeat
itself

Identify the period of a

To identify various properties of the function using

the period

Periodic Functions (MC)

A periodic function is a function that has a repeating
pattern (along the x-axis).

The length of the pattern is called the period. Since

there is no rule, you must work with the period to
calculate values.

The period is the length (on the x) of one pattern cycle,

the smallest portion of the graph before it repeats.

To calculate the value of the function (y-value) for a

given x-value you cant read off the graph, count by the
period at the origin until you get close enough to get
the number you want.

Properties of Periodic Functions Video

Periodic Function
What do I need to
know to solve this
problem? Where do I
start?

Determine the period

of the function (from
the origin, where on x
does the pattern
repeat)
Period = 55

Answer = B

Periodic Functions
What do I need to know
to solve this problem?
Where do I start?
Determine the period
Period = 80 seconds

Skip count using the

period to as close to
500 as you can
480 (this is like starting
back at the origin)

Determine the amount

of time left
20 second = distance of
150 cm

Answer = C

Learning Goals and Success

Criteria
Exponential Function
To identify an exponential function
Using the formula y = acx
Exponential function is a growth or decay problem
Usually a question involves biology or economics

To identify the rule of the function

y = acx
Identify a (intial value)
Identify c (base the rate)
If c is a %
If c is something like doubles or triples

To graph the function

Exponential Functions (LA)

Rule: f(x) =acx
y = (start)(rate)x

a = initial value

(# of times it
changes)

c = base (how is changes doubles, %, + or -)

If c (base) is a %
if the situation is increasing then
base = 100 + %
100

If the situation is decreasing then

base = 100 - %
100

If c is something like doubles then c = 2

An exponential function represents a growth or decay in biology and economics

The asymptote is the line that the curve approaches but never touches
a controls the steepness of the graph
A positive a means the curve is smiling at you and a vertical stretch of the curve as the value of
a increases

A negative a means the curve is is frowning at you and a vertical compression of the curve as
the value decreases

If you are given a table of values you can determine the rate using y 2 y1
You cannot solve for x, other than using trial and error

Exponential Functions
c > 1
When the base is greater than
1, the curve is increasing
(grows) at an ever increasing
rate as the x value is increased.

0 < C < 1
When the base is between 0
and 1, the curve decreases
(decays) at an ever decreasing
rate as the x value is increased.
Introduction to E
xponential Functions Vide
o

Exponential Functions
Finding the rule of an
exponential function in the form
y=acx:
Substitute the initial value (yintercept) for the value of a
a = 3

Substitute a point of the

graph (that is not the y-int)
for x and y in the equation
y = 3cx
12 = 3c2
2 = c

Write the rule of the function

y = 3(2)x

How to Graph an Exponential

Function
Plot a few points (about 5), connect the
dots and draw the graph, using what
you know of exponential behavior:

Graph y=3x
The a value will be your y-intercept
The exponential function will get (and
stay) very close to zero on the lefthand side, so draw the graph
"skinnying along" the top of the x-axis
on the left-hand side

x
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

Exponential Function
What do I need to know
to solve this problem?
Where do I start?

Answer: 2012 was 3 years

after purchasing the cottage,
therefore the well surpassed
200 bacteria per 100 ml 4
years later in 2016

F(x
)

16

24

36

54

81

12
1

18
2

27
3

Determine the initial

value = how many
bacteria was in the well
when he bought the
cottage

a = 16, therefore
there were 16
atypical bacteria
Create a table of
values to determine
how f(x) increases,
until we surpass 200
bacteria per 100 ml.

Exponential Function

What do I need to know to solve this

problem? Where do I start?
Julians Sample

Maries Sample

Using the rule create a

table of values that
represents the number
of cells in 3 hours

Solve using the rule

f(x) = 5(8)x

f(x)

(hours
)

(cells)

40

320

256
0

Answer: Yes they are the

same, when you look at the
different time intervals

Find the rule f(x) =

a(c)x
a = 5 (initial
value)
c = cells double
c=2
F(x) = 5(2) x
Create a table of
values, but remember
that x is in 20 mins
intervals, therefore it
will take 3 intervals to
equal 1 value of
Maries sample
We can re-write the
rule for Julians
sample:
f(x) = 5(2)3x

f(x)

20
mins

(cells)

10

20

40

80

160

320

640

128
0

256
0

What do I need to know to

solve this problem? Where
do I start?
Town A
Determine the number of
years past and solve for
f(x)
2005 to 2014 (9
years)
f(x) = 16
500(1.035)x
f(x) = 16
500(1.035)9
f(x) = 22 488
Answer: 2014 Town Merge
Town A + Town B
22 488 + 29 282= 51770

Town B
We first have to determine
the rule
a = 20 000 (population
in 2010)
c is a % therefore
c = 100 + 10
100
c = 1.1
The rule for the function is:
f(x) = 20 000(1.1)x

Determine the number of

years past and solve for f(x)
2010 2014 (4years)
f(x) = 20 000(1.1)4
f(x) = 29 282

Learning Goals and Success

Criteria
Piecewise Functions
To identify the different rules (intervals) within the
function
I can identify the different types of functions
embedded in the piecewise
I can solve for y

I can solve for x

(This function can integrate constant, linear, quadratic and exponential
functions)

Piecewise functions
A piecewise function is a function
where the rule differs according
to the interval containing the
variable x.

The piecewise function on the

right is made up:
f(x
)

x2
if x < 2
6
if x = 2
10-x if 2 < x 6

Piecewise Function Video

When we evaluate the function for a value of the

variable x, we first find which interval this value
belongs to and then we use the functions rule
defined in this interval. Ex. f(1.5)=(1.5)2=2.25

 What do I need to know

to solve this problem?
Where do I start?

Determine which of the three

intervals 0.96 km/h fits into

0x5
Therefore we use the
rule f(x) = 0.06x2

Plug the speed into the rule

0.96= 0.06(x)2
X=4

Next plug the speed into the

second rule to determine where it
fits the speed again.

0.96 = -0.3X + 6
-5.04 = -0.3X
16.8 = x

Now the time elapsed is the time

between these two x values:

16.8 4 = 12.8

Answer = C

Piecewise Function
What do I need to know to
solve this problem? Where do I
start?

First you need to determine where the eagle

starts its descent
To do this use the function y = ax2
Using the point (3, 18) determine the
value for a
18 = a(3)2
2=a
Therefore the rule is y = 2x2
Then you have to determine the y
value of the constant. The constant
starts at 8 seconds therefore plug
the into the rule you just found
y = 2(8)2
Y = 128 meters
Now that we have the maximum y
value and the rule for the descending
function we can find the initial x
value
F(x) = -32x + 608
128 = -32x +608
-480 = -32x
15 = x
Therefore the descent starts
at 15 seconds
Next using the same rule find the x
intercept
F(x) = -32x + 608
0 = -32x + 608
-608 = -32x
19 = x
19 15 = 4 seconds for the eagle to