ANALISIS Y DISEO DE LOSAS ALIGERADAS

TIPO DE ALIGERADO :

TIPO 1

e losa
h lad.

0.10 m
Determinacin del Espesor de la Losa

h
luz =

bw

l. lad.

bw

esp. Losa =
h ladrillo =

0.05 m
0.20 m

l. lad.

luz
25

5m
Se toma =

0.30 m

_ h=
0.25 m

0.2 m

Determinacin de la Carga Ultima

Peso propio de la losa
P. Losa =
120 kg/m2
P. Vigueta = 120 kg/m2
P. Ladrillo = 120 kg/m2

P.P. =

Wcm =

360 kg/m2

924 kg/m2

Wcv =
Wcu =

Vigas =
Columnas =

0.3 x 0.5
0.3 x 1.00

Peso muerto
Carga de tabiquera equivalente
Sobrecarga

1349 kg/m2

425 kg/m2

100 kg/m2
200 kg/m2
250 kg/m2

5.35 m

6.3 m

Verificaremos si es que es aplicable los coeficientes del ACI:

1. Nmero de tramos =
3
OK
2. Diferencia de longitud =
Tramo 1 - Tramo 2 =
Tramo 2 - Tramo 3 =
3. Relacin Carga Viva / Carga Muerta = 0.38
OK

0.18
-0.15

5.35 m

OK
OK

No es aplicable los coeficientes

ANALISIS
I. Carga Ultima
1.349 Tn/m2

5.2 m
1.000
-3.040
0.390
2.650

6.3 m
0.548
3.040
0.779
1.325
-0.510

0.452
-4.462
0.643
-0.394
-0.421

5.2 m
0.452 0.548
4.462 -3.040
0.322
-0.788 -0.955

1.000
3.040
-0.478
-2.562

0.000

4.634 -4.634

3.995 -3.995

###

0.000

###

###

###

###

II. Combinacin de Carga N 01

1.349 Tn/m2

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

5.2 m

6.3 m

1.000
-3.040
0.004
3.035

0.548
3.040
0.009
1.518
-0.829
3.737

0.000

0.452
-3.056
0.007
-0.005
-0.684
-3.737

0.452 0.548
3.056 -3.040
0.004
-0.009 -0.011
3.051 -3.051

###

###

5.2 m

###

###

###

1.000
3.040
-0.006
-3.034
0.000

III. Combinacin de Carga N 02

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

0.924 Tn/m2

5.2 m
1.000
-2.082
0.652
1.430

6.3 m
0.548
2.082
1.304
0.715
-0.030
4.071

0.000

0.452
-4.462
1.076
-0.660
-0.025
-4.071

0.452 0.548
4.462 -2.082
0.538
-1.319 -1.598
3.681 -3.681

4.07 Tn-m/m

###

5.2 m
1.000
2.082
-0.799
-1.283
0.000

3.68 Tn-m/m

###

###

IV. Combinacin de Carga N 03

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

5.2 m
1.000
-3.040
0.390

6.3 m
0.548 0.452
3.040 -4.462
0.779 0.643

5.2 m
0.452 0.548
4.462 -2.082
0.322

1.000
2.082

2.650

1.325 -0.611
-0.391 -0.323
4.753 -4.753

0.000

-1.221 -1.480
3.562 -3.562

4.75 Tn-m/m

-0.740
-1.342
0.000

3.56 Tn-m/m

2.18 Tn-m/m

2.54 Tn-m/m
1.34 Tn-m/m

V. Combinacin de Carga N 04
1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

5.2 m
1.000
-2.082
0.267
1.815
0.000

6.3 m
0.548
2.082
0.534
0.908
-0.468
3.055

5.2 m

0.452
-3.056
0.440
-0.053
-0.386
-3.055

0.452 0.548
3.056 -3.040
0.220
-0.107 -0.130
3.169 -3.169

3.06 Tn-m/m

1.60 Tn-m/m

3.17 Tn-m/m

1.47 Tn-m/m

2.97 Tn-m/m

1.000
3.040
-0.065
-2.975
0.000

Envolvente:
###

###

###

wl
24

###

wl
24
2

2.69 Tn-m/m

2.82 Tn-m/m

3.03 Tn-m/m

DISEO DEL REFUERZO DE LA LOSA

A. Para Momentos Positivos:
Mu =
fy =
rec. =
=

b
5 cm

###
###
2 cm
5/8 ''
_

d=

f'c =
b=
h=
A=

210 kg/cm2
100 cm
25 cm
2 cm2

22.21 cm

20 cm

Posicin del eje neutro:

A s=

asumir que:

c = hf = 5 cm
As =

Mu
0 . 9f y( da /2)

4.00 cm2/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Area de acero en un metro de aligerado:

a=

A sf

a = 4.25 cm

0. 85f 'cb

As =
a=

5 cm2/m

1.18 cm
c = 1.38 cm

1
As =

1.60 cm2

c=
<

hf = 5 cm

1.38 cm

5/8 ''
2 cm2

El eje neutro est en el ala y se analiza como viga rectangular.

a
2

( )

Mr=Asfy d
Tramo 1 - 2 :

Mr =

4085.80 kg-m/m

As
5 cm2/m

2690.90 kg-m/m
4085.80 kg-m/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Tramo 2 - 3 :

2817.22 kg-m/m
4085.80 kg-m/m

As = ###

1.32 cm2

As
5 cm2/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

1
As =

5/8 ''
2 cm2

1
As =

5/8 ''
2 cm2

As = ###

1.38 cm2

B. Para Momentos Negativos:

5 cm

Mu =
fy =
rec. =
=

###
###
2 cm
1/2 ''

f'c =
bw =
h=
A=

210 kg/cm2
37.5 cm
25 cm
1.29 cm2

20 cm
_

d=

22.37 cm

bw
Asumir:

A s=

a = 0.15d

Mu
0 . 9f y( da / 2)

a=

a=

A sf

0. 85f 'cb

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 1:

1519.87 kg-m/m
4752.54 kg-m/m

3.35 cm
As =
As =
As =

6.08 cm2/m
6.15 cm2/m
6.15 cm2/m
2
As =

2.46 cm2
As
###

a=
a=
a=

As = ###

1/2 ''
2.58 cm2

3.81 cm
3.86 cm
3.86 cm

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 2 :

3994.93 kg-m/m
4752.54 kg-m/m

0.79 cm2

As
###

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 4 :

1519.87 kg-m/m
4752.54 kg-m/m

As
###

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

C. Acero por temperatura:

Astemp =

2
As =

1/2 ''
2.58 cm2

1
As =

1/2 ''
1.29 cm2

1/4 ''

0.90 cm2

A =
s=

_ Usar:

1/2 ''
1.29 cm2

As = ###

0.79 cm2

Astemp = 0.0018*b*hf

As = ###

2.07 cm2

1
As =

35.56 cm

1/4 ''

@ 36 cm

1.58 m

1.58 m

1.34 m

0.80 m

1/2 ''

1/2 ''

1 1/2 ''

D. Distribucin del refuerzo:

0.80 m

1.34 m

1 1/2 ''

5/8 ''

5/8 ''

5/8 ''

0.32 cm2

VERIFICACION POR CORTANTE

V1

V'' 2

V'' 3

V' 2

V' 3

V4

A. Determinacin de los momentos nominales:

As/vig =

Mr1 :

1/2 ''

a=
As/vig =

Mr2 :

1.11 cm
1/2 ''

a=
As/vig =

Mr3 :

1/2 ''

As/vig =

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

1/2 ''

a=

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

B. Determinacin del cortante:

Vi=

WuiLi
Mi+ Mj

2
Li

3.55 cm2

2851.71 kg-m/m
As = 1.775 cm2

Mr4 =

V1 =
V' 2 =
V'' 2 =
V' 3 =

3.55 cm2

2851.71 kg-m/m
As =

Mr3 =

1.11 cm

1463.22 kg-m/m
As =

Mr2 =

2.23 cm

As = 1.775 cm2
Mr1 =

2.23 cm

a=

Mr4 :

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

3774.42 kg
3240.38 kg
4249.35 kg
4249.35 kg

1463.22 kg-m/m

Vi=

WuiLi
Mi+ Mj

2
Li

V'' 3 =
V4 =

3240.38 kg
3774.42 kg

Cortante a una distancia "d":

Vud =

3947.65 kg

Corte que toma el Concreto:

Vc=0 .53 f ' cbd

Vc =

Verificar que Vc > Vud :

6441.48 kg
CORRECTO

_Vc = 5475.26 kg

ANALISIS Y DISEO DE LOSAS ALIGERADAS

TIPO DE ALIGERADO :

TIPO 1

e losa
h lad.

0.10 m
Determinacin del Espesor de la Losa

h
luz =

bw

l. lad.

bw

esp. Losa =
h ladrillo =

0.05 m
0.20 m

luz
25

5m
Se toma =

0.30 m

_ h=
0.25 m

0.2 m

Determinacin de la Carga Ultima

Peso propio de la losa
P. Losa =
120 kg/m2
P. Vigueta = 120 kg/m2
P. Ladrillo = 120 kg/m2

P.P. =

Wcm =

360 kg/m2

924 kg/m2

Wcv =
Wcu =

Vigas =
Columnas =

0.3 x 0.5
0.3 x 1.00

1349 kg/m2

3.15 m

5.65 m

Verificaremos si es que es aplicable los coeficientes del ACI:

1. Nmero de tramos =
3
OK
2. Diferencia de longitud =
Tramo 1 - Tramo 2 =
Tramo 2 - Tramo 3 =
3. Relacin Carga Viva / Carga Muerta = 0.38
OK

0.79
-0.26

No es aplicable
OK

ANALISIS
I. Carga Ultima
1.349 Tn/m2

3m

5.65 m

1.000
-1.012
0.842
0.170

0.653
1.012
1.683
0.085
0.243
3.023

0.000

0.347
-3.589
0.894
-0.458
0.129
-3.023

4.05 m
0.418
3.589
0.447
-0.915
3.120

###

###

###

###

###

II. Combinacin de Carga N 01

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

3m
1.000
-1.012
0.472
0.539
0.000

5.65 m
0.653
1.012
0.945
0.270
-0.058
2.168

0.347
-2.458
0.502
-0.181
-0.031
-2.168

4.05 m
0.418
2.458
0.251
-0.361
2.348

###

###

###

###

###

III. Combinacin de Carga N 02

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

0.924 Tn/m2

3m
1.000
-0.693
0.946
-0.253

5.65 m
0.653
0.693
1.891
-0.126
0.468
2.926

0.000

0.347
-3.589
1.004
-0.590
0.249
-2.926

4.05 m
0.418
3.589
0.502
-1.181
2.910

2.93 Tn-m/m

2.91 Tn-m/m

###

###

###

IV. Combinacin de Carga N 03

1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

3m
1.000
-1.012
0.842
0.170
0.000

5.65 m
0.653
1.012
1.683
0.085
0.322
3.102

0.347
-3.589
0.894
-0.579
0.171
-3.102

4.05 m
0.418
3.589
0.447
-1.158
2.878

3.10 Tn-m/m

2.88 Tn-m/m

-0.03 Tn-m/m

2.39 Tn-m/m

V. Combinacin de Carga N 04
1.349 Tn/m2
0.924 Tn/m2

3m
1.000
-0.693
0.576
0.117

5.65 m
0.653
0.693
1.153
0.058
0.087
1.992

0.000

4.05 m

0.347
-2.458
0.612
-0.192
0.046
-1.992

0.418
2.458
0.306
-0.384
2.380

1.99 Tn-m/m

2.38 Tn-m/m

0.04 Tn-m/m

1.50 Tn-m/m

Envolvente:
###

###

###

wl
24

1
0.43 Tn-m/m
DISEO DEL REFUERZO DE LA LOSA

3
2.46 Tn-m/m

A. Para Momentos Positivos:

Mu =
fy =
rec. =
=

b
5 cm

###
###
2 cm
5/8 ''
_

d=

20 cm

Posicin del eje neutro:

A s=

asumir que:

c = hf = 5 cm
As =

Mu
0 . 9f y( da / 2)

3.25 cm2/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Area de acero en un metro de aligerado:

a=

a=

A sf

As =
a=

0. 85f 'cb

5 cm2/m

1.18 cm
c = 1.38 cm

<

El eje neutro est en el ala y se analiza como viga re

a
2

( )

Mr=Asfy d
Tramo 1 - 2 :

433.67 kg-m/m
4085.80 kg-m/m

Mr =

4085.80 kg-m/m

As
5 cm2/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Tramo 2 - 3 :

2464.82 kg-m/m
4085.80 kg-m/m

As =

0.21 cm2

As
5 cm2/m

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

As =

1.21 cm2

B. Para Momentos Negativos:

5 cm

Mu =
fy =
rec. =
=

###
###
2 cm
1/2 ''

20 cm
_
bw
Asumir:

a = 0.15d

a=

3.35 cm

d=

A s=

Mu
0 . 9f y( da /2)

a=

As =
As =
As =

A sf y
0. 85f 'cb

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 1:

505.88 kg-m/m
3120.44 kg-m/m

1.61 cm2

As
###

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 2 :

3120.44 kg-m/m
3120.44 kg-m/m

921.96 kg-m/m
3120.44 kg-m/m

As
###

As
###

As =

0.48 cm2

Astemp = 0.0018*b*hf
Astemp =

As =

1.61 cm2

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

C. Acero por temperatura:

As =

0.26 cm2

A cada vigueta le corresponde (As/2.5) =

Apoyo 4 :

3.99 cm2/m
4.03 cm2/m
4.03 cm2/m

1/4 ''

0.90 cm2

s=

_ Usar:

1/4 ''

@ 36 cm

1.41 m

1.41 m

1.05 m

1/2 ''

D. Distribucin del refuerzo:

0.47 m

0.79 m

1 1/2 ''

5/8 ''

5/8 ''

1/2 ''

VERIFICACION POR CORTANTE

V1

V'' 2

V'' 3

V' 2

V' 3

A. Determinacin de los momentos nominales:

As/vig =

Mr1 :
a=
As/vig =

2
a=

As/vig =

2
a=

As/vig =

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

1/2 ''

Mr2 =
(Ao =0.71 cm2)

3.34 cm

Mr4 :

1/2 ''

Mr1 =

3.34 cm

Mr3 :

(Ao =0.71 cm2)

1.67 cm

Mr2 :

1/2 ''

a=

1/2 ''

Mr3 =
(Ao =0.71 cm2)

1.67 cm

Mr4 =

B. Determinacin del cortante:

Vi=

WuiLi Mi+ Mj

2
Li

Cortante a una distancia "d":

V1 =
V' 2 =
V'' 2 =
V' 3 =
V'' 3 =
V4 =

2467.65 kg
1579.35 kg
3810.93 kg
3810.93 kg
2402.73 kg
3060.72 kg

Corte que toma el Concreto:

Vc=0.53 f ' cbd

Vc =

Verificar que Vc > Vud :

4294.32 kg
CORRECTO

ALIGERADAS

l. lad.

Peso muerto
Carga de tabiquera equivalente
Sobrecarga
425 kg/m2

100 kg/m2
200 kg/m2
250 kg/m2

4.2 m

o es aplicable

No es aplicable los coeficientes

0.582
-1.844

1.000
1.844

-1.277

-0.638
-1.206
0.000

-3.120

1.349 Tn/m2

0.582
-1.844

1.000
1.844

-0.504

-0.252
-1.592
0.000

-2.348

0.582
-1.263

1.000
1.263

-1.647
-2.910

-0.824
-0.439
0.000

0.582
-1.263

1.000
1.263

-1.615

-0.807
-0.456
0.000

-2.878

0.46 Tn-m/m

0.582
-1.844

1.000
1.844

-0.536

-0.268
-1.576
0.000

-2.380

1.58 Tn-m/m

###

wl
24
4
1.59 Tn-m/m

f'c =
b=
h=
A=

210 kg/cm2
100 cm
25 cm
2 cm2

22.21 cm

4.25 cm

1
As =

1.30 cm2

c=

1.38 cm

hf = 5 cm

n el ala y se analiza como viga rectangular.

###

1
As =

5/8 ''
2 cm2

1
As =

5/8 ''
2 cm2

###

f'c =
bw =
h=
A=
22.37 cm

210 kg/cm2
25 cm
25 cm
1.29 cm2

5/8 ''
2 cm2

a=
a=
a=
2
As =

1/2 ''
2.58 cm2

1
As =

1/2 ''
1.29 cm2

2
As =

1/2 ''
2.58 cm2

1
As =

1/2 ''
1.29 cm2

3.76 cm
3.79 cm
3.80 cm

###

###

###

A =
35.56 cm

0.63 m
1 1/2 ''

5/8 ''

0.32 cm2

V4

As = 1.775 cm2
1444.54 kg-m/m
As =

3.55 cm2

2776.98 kg-m/m
As =

3.55 cm2

2776.98 kg-m/m
As = 1.775 cm2
1444.54 kg-m/m

Vud =

3509.22 kg

_Vc = 3650.17 kg