EP-209 Thermodynamics

Tutorial I; Year: 2014

1.

The limiting value of the ratio of pressures of a gas at the steam point and at the triple point of
water when the gas is kept at constant volume is found to be 1.365854. What is the ideal-gas
temperature of the steam point?
2. The length of the mercury column in the old fashioned mercury-in-glass thermometer is 15.00
cm then the thermometer is in contact with water at its triple point. Consider the length of the
mercury column as the thermometric property X and let be the empirical temperature
determined by this thermometer.
a) Calculate the empirical temperature when the length of the mercury column is
19.00 cm.
b) If X can be measured with a precision of 0.01 cm, can this thermometer
distinguish between the normal freezing point of water and the triple point of
water?
3. The resistance R of a particular carbon resistor obeys the equation
log R'
= a + b log R'
T
where a=-1.16 and b=0.675
In a liquid helium cryostat, the resistance is found to be exactly 1000 s. What is the
temperature?
4. For any thermodynamic (PVT) system in equilibrium, can isotherms for different temperatures
intersect?
5. A constant volume gas thermometer contains a gas whose equation of state is
a

i. P + 2 ( v b) = RT ,
v

and another, of identical construction, contains a different gas which obeys the ideal gas law,
Pv= RT, where v is the molar volume. The thermometers are calibrated at the ice and steam
points. Show that they will give identical values for a temperature.
6. Suppose that a numerical value of exactly 492 is assigned to the ice point temperature, and the
ratio of two temperatures is defined as the limiting ratio, as Pi 0, of the corresponding
pressures of a gas kept at constant volume. Find (a) the best experimental value of the steam
point temperature on this scale, and (b) the temperature interval between the ice and steam
points.
7. The pressure of an ideal gas kept at constant volume is given by the equation P = AT , where T
is the thermodynamic temperature and A is a constant. Let a temperature T* be defined by
T * = B ln CT , where B and C are constants. The pressure P is 0.1 atm at the triple point of water.
The temperature T* is 0 degree at the triple point and T* is 100 degree at the steam point. (a)
Find the values of A, B and C. (b) Find the value of T* when P= 0.15 atm. (c) Find the value of
P when T* is 50. (d) What is the value of T* at absolute zero? (e) Sketch a graph of T* vs. the
Celsius temperature t for -200C < t < 200C.
[Ans: (a) A = 3.66 10 4 atm K 1, B= 321 degree, C = 3.66 10 3 K 1, (b) 130 degree, (c) 0.12
atm, (d) .