Professional Documents
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Motion
Chapter 2 Section 1
Pages 54-61
3 different types
Shearing
Tension
Compression
Shearing
Pushes rock in two opposite directions
Cause rocks to break and slip apart or change
shape
Tension
Pulls on the rock, causing it to get thinner in the
middle
Compression
Squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
Pushes rock together
Example: Like a trash compacter
Deformation
Changes in the volume or shape of crust
Occur too slowly that you cant see
Causes Earths Crust to bend, stretch, break, tilt,
fold, and slide
Faults
Break in Earths crust where plates slip past
each other
Strike-Slip Faults
Caused by shearing
Rocks slip past each other with little up and
down movements
Normal Faults
Caused by Tension
Fault that is at an angle
One block of rock lies above the fault
Called a hanging wall
Reverse Faults
Caused by compression
Same structure as normal fault
Blocks are moving in opposite directions
Hanging wall will be higher that footwall
Low Friction
Slide past each other with out sticking
Moderate Friction
Rocks slide past and jam until small earthquake
High Friction
Lock together and do not move
Mountain Building
Fault movement can change a flat plain into a
towering mountain range
Will take millions of years to happen
Mountains formed by
Faults
Normal faults can create a fault-block mountain
Occurs when normal faults form parrallel to each
other
Mountains formed by
Folding
Plate movements can cause crust to fold
Folds are bends in rock that form when
compression shortens and thickens part of the
crust
Like a rug on floor that wrinkles up
Synclines
Folds in the crust that go downward
Your valleys
Homework
Page 61
1-3
Due tomorrow