AVAILABILITY OF A NON FLOW OR CLOSED SYSTEM

Consider a piston cylinder Arrangement in which the fluid at p1 ,v1,T1, expand r

eversibly to the environmental state with parameter Po ,Vo, to the following e
nergy interaction takes place.
The fluid expand and expansion works expansion is obtain from the princ
ipal of energy conservation
&Q = &W + d U
-Q = Wexp + (U0 – U1)
The heat interaction is negative as it leaves the system
Wexp = (U1- U0 ) –Q
The heat rejected by the piston cylinder assembly may be made to run a r
eversible heat engine.. so the output of the reversible engine is
W eng = Q ( 1 - To/T1)
= Q – T o (S1- S0)
The sum total of expansion work and Wexp and engine works W eng gives
maximum works obtained from the arrangement.
W max = Wexp + Weng
W max = [(U1- U0 ) –Q ] + [Q – T o (S1- S0)]
W max = (U1- U0 ) – T o (S1- S0)
The piston moving outward has to spend a work in pushing the atmosphere
against its own pressure. this works which may be called as the surrounding work
is simply dissipated and as such is not a use full so
Wsurr = Po (Vo -V1)
The maximum available use full work or net work,
Wnet = Wmax - Wsurr
Wnet = [(U1- U0 ) – T o (S1- S0)] - [Po (Vo -V1)]
Wnet = (U 1 + Po V1 –ToS1) - (U o + Po Vo –ToSo)
Wnet = A1 - A2
WHERE A= (U + Po Vo –ToS)
is known as non flow availability function
It is a composite property of the system and surrounding as it consist of 3 exte
nsive properties of the system u, v, s.
And two intensive property of the surrounding p and T.
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