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Physics Grade X:

Chapter 2: Vectors
Notes & Exercise

By: Devilim, SMA IBC


(credit to Serway, Physics 6th ed)

pretest
What is a vector?
Give three examples of quantities that are
vectors.
What is a scalar?
Give three examples of quantities that are
scalars.

Vector vs Scalar
What is the difference?
> Jessica walks 5 meter
> Jessica walks 5 meter to east
Scalar magnitude + unit
Vector magnitude + unit + direction

Symbol of Vector
How to write & draw vector?
How to write magnitude of vector?
How about negative of vector?

COMPONENTS OF VECTOR
Just like Cartesian Coordinate (x and y)

Addition of Vectors
METHOD : GRAPHING
PARALLELOGRAM
POLYGON

METHOD : ANALYTICAL

Find the resultant of vectors


A vector
magnitude of vector?

Quiz
Draw the vector in Cartesian.

1. = 2 + 3

5.

2.

6. = 2

=3 2

= +3

3. = 2 4

7. = 4 + 5

4.

8.

= 2 3

=2 2

Find the components of vector


Vector A has magnitude of 2 meter and
direction of 30o from +x direction
What is the components of vector A?
Use trigonometry: sine, cosine, tangent

Find x and y component of the vector

1. = 4 , 210

5.

2.

= 6 , 240

6. = 2 , 315

3. = 8 , 300

7. = 4 , 135

4.

8.

= 10 , 330

= 6 , 120

= 20 , 270

Find the magnitude and direction of


the vector
1. = 2 3 2

5.

2.

6. = 5 3 5

=3 3

= 3 +

3. = 2 2 3

7. = 4 4

4.

8.

= 2 2

= 10 10 3

By drawing, find the magnitude and direction of:


1. +
2. +
Try several combinations of addition or subtraction using
the vectors above. Try it out yourself.

More about addition of vectors using


analytical method
Consider the following vectors:
= 2 2 , 225
=3 2
Find the resultant of : +

APPLICATIONS OF VECTORS
Find resultant of velocities
Find force needed to hang a picture (tension)
Velocity and direction of a boat when it needs
to cross river a Ferry in Kapuas River
Shooting aim for the target
Parasailing or glider
Playing angry birds

EXERCISE:

1. You go for a walk and take 20 steps in the


north direction (90).
a) Draw the vector represented your steps.
b) Next, you turn left and walk 10 steps to the
west. Add the two vectors. How far from where
you started did you end up?

2. You are going for a drive, but a detour takes


you out of the way of your destination. You
drive north for 10 miles, turn right and drive
east for 5 miles, turn to the north and drive
for 3 miles, drive west for 10 miles, and arrive
at your destination.
a) How far from where you started did you end
up?
b) If you wanted to travel directly to your
destination without following the streets (as
the crow flies), what angle would you take?
What direction would a compass read?

3. You are flying a hang glider at 14 mph in the


northeast direction (45). The wind is blowing at
4 mph from due north.
a) What is your airspeed?
b) What angle (direction) are you flying?
c) The wind increases to 14 mph from the north.
Now what is your airspeed and what direction
are you flying? If your destination is to the
northeast, how would you change your speed or
direction so you might make it there?

In Figure P3.66 a spider is resting


after starting to spin its web. The
mass of spider is 0.20 newton down.
The spider is supported by different
tension forces in the two strands
above it, so that the resultant vector
force on the spider is zero. The two
strands are perpendicular to each
other, so we have chosen the x and y
directions to be along them. The
tension Tx is 0.173 newton. Find (a)
the tension Ty , (b) the angle the x
axis makes with the horizontal, and
(c) the angle the y axis makes with
the horizontal.

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