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Literature review on fashion industry trends

This report presents the literature about fashion and designers motivation, inspiration including
academic theories and concepts which grounded my research. The literature review starts with the
concept of fashion from different academic approaches and the definition of fashion trend and
fashion cycle. In order to understand the evolution of the current fashion trend the literature
review continues with an overview on the revival of this trend throughout the Hungarian history
and the development of the use of cultural heritage elements in fashion. The literature review
ends with the presentation of academic findings about the possible designer motivations,
inspirational sources.

MERCHANDISING
In the textile business, merchandisers have a particularly strong role because of
the intensive nature of product range. The process of buying and selling goods and
services are termed as merchandising. In other wards, the area of a company that
develops strategies to have the right merchandise, at the right places, at the right time and
at the right locations to meet the needs and wants of the target customers. Effective
merchandising saves time and money. It coordinates various departments in the
organization. Merchandising forms an effective liaison with the buyers. It identifies and
develops potential new buyers. It builds good relationship with the buying houses and
merchandiser attends to queries, order processing and evaluation of apparel products. So
merchandising is of greater importance in apparel industry.
The term merchandising means simply to buy and sell commodities for a profit.
The role of merchandising varies depending upon whether it is performed in retail or
manufacturing context, Merchandising involves the conceptualization, development,
procurement of raw materials, sourcing of production and delivery of product to buyers.
The merchandiser must combine logical and analytical thinking with initiative and
expressive creativity.
LITERATURE REVIEW:
Literature review stands out as the main tool of the research study. Data related
to the textile sector was meticulously collected. Sources of data include books
newspapers and internet. Wide range of research reports on the textile sector of
the economy have been examined..

assessments of sourcing strategies


There has been an increasing trend of global sourcing garment supply from South-East Asia
but the challenges confronting retailers sourcing commodity and seasonal garments from
countries such as China are less well understood. A supplier evaluation model developed
from the Kaufmann and Hedderich (2005) framework assesses the delivery, flexibility, cost,
quality, reliability and culture sourcing challenges from China using a case study approach of
a UK-based garment sourcing company using a fuzzy logic method. The results have
identified that the highest challenges include unforeseen risk in delivery process, rigid
negotiability, language barriers and Chinese-style business customs. The most important

challenges are improvement, sourcing location, languages barriers, unforeseen delivery risks
and customer services.

lead time readuction in garments

In this phase the entire project will be separated in to two separate areas.

NGP time study related to productivity and critical to capacity


constrains.

KANBAN implemtation& integration to achieve reduction in overall


lead time.

As both capacity and lead-time plays an vital role in converting an industry


into lean-centric and operational excellence industry in every sector.

IMPACT OF LIBERALIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION


ON EXPORTS OF
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
ABSTRACT
This paper highlights the review of literature regarding the impact of
globalization and liberalization on
exports of textile industry. Some studies predict a substantial increase in
the size of exports as a result of
phasing out of quota regime while others predict a very cautious approach
to be undertaken by
developing countries. Few studies have also been conducted to estimate
the impact of ATC (Agreement
on Textiles & Clothing) expiry on textile trade. It was found that the small
scale textile industry had not
been able to absorb the benefits of ATC phase out. Also, the overall
competitiveness of textile industry
had not enhanced due to lack of productivity, quality control etc. However,
impact of ATC on textile
exports was positive, though insignificant.
Key Words:
Export Behavior, Industry study, textiles
INTRODUCTION
The textile industry has witnessed different policy setups after
independence. From the controlled

regime up to 1980, it experienced deregulation during 1980s and further


doses of liberalization in 1991
and onwards. During 1980s, deregulation was carried out especially
following the announcement of
1982 as the productivity year. Liberalization of industrial controls gathered
further momentum during
1985 and 1986 and textile industry was no exception. The government
needed, due to prolonged textile
strike (1981-83), to see the reasons and reexamine its textile policy.
Towards this end, it was also
motivated by the consolidation of their respective position in the
international market by Taiwan,
Hongkong, South Korea etc. as quality cloth competitors of Indian
products. Modernization of textile
industry became a key goal of post 1985 textile policies. Towards this end,
textile modernization fund
got created in 1986 by IDBI (Industrial Development Bank of India) and
later in 1991; a National
Renewable fund got created in the national budget to handle the voluntary
retirement and redeployment
of redundant labour of sick mills. Consequently, emphasis got laid on
quality of the product. Even in
case of cloth production meant for poor section of the society, a minimum
quality was laid down. To
encourage moves towards product quality improvement, steps towards
relative liberalization and
deregulation were initiated during 1985 and later in 1991, when the
industry was delicensed. In fact,
after 1991, except the locational clearance requirement in case of power
looms and mills; no other
clearance from government was required to set up textile units (Kumar,
2002).
This paper highlights review of literature regarding impact of globalization
and liberalizati
on on exports
of textile industry. Impact of MFA (Multifibre Agreement) and ultimately
ATC (Agreement on Textiles
and Clothing) have been investigated. It was found that with MFA phase
out, export performance would

not be the same for all countries. Those countries which had good
production base, superior technology
and marketing acumen would benefit as compared to those countries
which did not have much
competitive strength.
Pelzman
(1984) examined effect on profitability of Textiles and Apparel for 29
textile and 33 apparel
industries during the period 1969-79 by using multiple regression analysis.
Pooled cross section, time
series data for pre MFA- Multifibre Agreement (1965 -73) and post MFA
(1974-79) has been taken. The
variables taken were capital output ratio, concentration of manufacturing
index, economies of scale,
growth of industry demand, seller concentration ratio, ad valorem nominal
tariff rate, import penetra
tion

Greening of the Textile and


Clothing
Abstract

Today consumers are becoming more aware of the need to protect the
environment, and
companies use these terms to promote their goods or services with ecolabels. Environmentally
friendly (also eco-friendly, nature friendly, and green) are terms used to
refer to goods
and services, laws, guidelines and policies claiming to inflict minimal or no
harm on the
environment. Clothing is an integral part of our lives and green or
environmental concerns
have started to draw more and more attention in the textile and clothing
sector . This paper
analysed how green the textile and clothing industry is with respect to the
product lifecycle,
from raw material through the design, production and logistics up to
disposal in order to
point out important points and parameters for greening the industry.
Key words: green, environmentally friendly, eco-friendly, textile industry,
apparel industry

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