1.

Global warming
2.the ozone layer
3.the greenhouse effect
4.ecology
5.the environment
6.endangered species
7.extinct
8.pollution
9.acid rain
10.pesticides
11.rainforest
12. lifespan
13.chop down
b) Match words and their definitions.
a)an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the
atmosphere (= mixture of gases around the Earth), that is believed to
be the cause of a gradual warming of the surface of the Earth
b) a gradual increase in world temperatures caused by gases such as
carbon dioxide that are collecting in the air around the Earth and
stopping heat escaping into space
c) animals or plants that may soon not exist because there are very
few now alive
d)the relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc.,
usually of a particular area, or the scientific study of this:
e)a layer of air containing ozone high above the Earth that prevents
harmful ultraviolet light from the sun from reaching the Earth
f) damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or waste:
g) a forest in a tropical area that receives a lot of rain
h)the air, water, and land in or on which people, animals, and plants
live:
i) rain that contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of
burning substances such as coal and oil
j) not now existing:
k) a chemical substance used to kill harmful insects, small animals,
wild plants, and other unwanted organisms
l) the length of time for which a person, animal, or thing exists
m) to cut through something to make it fall down
a) Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the previous
exercise.
There is concern that the giant panda will soon become --------------.

The manifesto includes tough measures to tackle road congestion and

environmental
------------------.
The -------------- that farmers spray on their crops kill pests but they can
also damage people's health.
The average human------------------ in the developed countries has
increased over the last hundred years.
She hopes to study ---------------- at college.
We're not doing enough to protect the ---------------------- from pollution.
Their discharge of dust and gas into the atmosphere destroys the ozone layer of the Earth and causes
--------------------- -----------------

Our ancestors ----------- ---------the forests, killed animals that lived

there and invented machines and instruments that polluted the water,
the air and the soil.
Read the text and translate it.
Environmental protection.
For many centuries the people who lived on our planet before us
had been trying to make their life easier and more comfortable. They
thought that resources of the Earth were endless. They used those
resources without thinking about the generations that would come
after them. Our ancestors chopped down the forests, killed animals
that lived there and invented machines and instruments that polluted
the water, the air and the soil.
In the 19th century the word "ecology" was born, but the idea of
environmental protection was not clear yet, and did not seem urgent
for either the majority of the governments or common people. People
still considered themselves "lords and kings of nature" and used its
riches only as consumers.
In the 20th century, the rapid growth of science and technology
resulted in an increasing negative effect on the biosphere of the
Earth. Huge industrial enterprises pollute the air we breathe, the
water we drink and the land which gives us bread, vegetables and
fruit. Their discharge of dust and gas into the atmosphere returns to
the Earth in the form of acid rains. It also destroys the ozone layer of
the Earth and causes "greenhouse effect", It effects forests, rivers,
crops and people's health. This leads to the reduction of the life-span
of man. People die younger because of cancer, AIDS and other
diseases which are directly connected with the polluted environment
they live in. Many species of animals and birds face extinction due to
the pollution of the biosphere.
The world's oceans are in danger too. They are filled with
poisonous industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and
pesticides. The Aral Sea in Russia is already dead, the Mediterranean
and the North Sea are slowly dying.

The worst situation with air pollution is in big overpopulated cities.

In Cairo and Mexico City, for example, breathing is equivalent to
smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day. The big industrial cities in
Ukraine like Zaporizhiya, Donetsk, Kharkiv and some others have the
same situation. Air pollution is especially severe in cities and towns
of southeastern Ukraine, notably in Luhansk , Donetsk , Alchevsk ,
Makiivka and Odessa. Coal using industries, steel meal and thermal
power plants are major sources of uncontrolled emissions of sulphur
dioxide, dust , unburned hydrocarbons and other harmful substances
. Over one third of the emissions into the atmosphere originate from
the automobile transport.
Almost all surface waters of Ukraine belong to the black Sea and
Sea of Azov basins, the high population density , heavy industrial
development , the low government priority placed upon
environmental protection , have given rise to chronic and serious
levels of water pollution. The Dnister and the Dunabe are included to
the most polluted bodies of water in the territory of the former
Soviet Union.
Another threat for the environment are nuclear power stations like
Chernobyl. In April 1986 that nuclear power plant just north-west of
Kyiv suffered the worst nuclear accident in history: dozens died
immediately, tens of thousands were evacuated, while the long-term
effects to human life are difficult to calculate. A large part of Ukraine,
Russia and Byelorussia was polluted by radioactive substances. Great
damage was done to their economy, nature and people's health. The
problem of Chernobyl has not been solved yet because of the
economic difficulties that Ukraine is having now. The power plant was
closed on December 15,2000.
Nowadays people of Ukraine, like most people in developed
countries, realize that without solving environmental problems, the
life of the future generations will be in real danger. Many people join
the Greer. Party of Ukraine to save the planet where we live, to make
our world healthier and more beautiful.

After reading
1.Make up sentences using the following words and word combinations.
1. many; For, centuries, to make, us, easier, and, more, before, comfortable, have been,
trying; the, people, lived, their, on, who, planet, life.
2. resources, They, that, thought, of the Earth, endless, were.
3.used, generations, about, future, without, resources,They, those, thinking.
4.chopped down, animals, Our, forests, ancestors,killed, and.
5. the word, born, was, in, the 19th, 'ecology', century
6. science, technology, The, growth, resulted, rapid, in, an, increasing, on, the
biosphere, of, and, effect, negative, of the Earth.
7.the air pollute, Huge, breathe, we, industrial, the water, enterprises, drink, we, the land,
and, bread, which, us, vegetables and fruit, gives.
8.destroys, layer, and, the ozone, rain, causes, Acid, greenhouse effect.
9.lifespan, the, Pollution, of, leads, to, man's, reduction.

10. die, because of, People, younger, cancer, diseases, other, and.
11. situation, in, with, pollution, air, The worst, big, cities, is, overpopulated.
12. suffered, In, the Chornobyl, nuclear, plant, accident, nuclear, the worst, April, in,
1986, history, power.
13. smoking, Breathing, equivalent, big, is, industrial, in, to, 2 packs, a day, cities,
cigarettes, of.
14.filled, poisonous, world's, Oceans, with, are, and, industrial, waste, fertilizers,
pesticides, chemical, the.
2. Complete the sentences.
1.
For many centuries people...
2.
They thought that resources...
3.
They used those resources without...
4.
Our ancestors chopped down...
5.

In the 19th century...

6.

People considered themselves...

7.
8.

In the 20th century the rapid growth...

Huge industrial enterprises pollute...

9.
10.
11.

Acid rain destroys...

It effects...
People die younger because of...

12.
The world's oceans are...
13.
Breathing in big cities is...
14. In April 1986, the Chornobyl nuclear power plant suffered...
15. The problem of Chornobyl has not been solved yet...
3. PAIR WORK
Discuss with your peers.
1. In what way did our ancestors use the resources of our planet?
2.

Did they think about future generations?

3.
4.

When was the word 'ecology' born?

What do huge industrial enterprises pollute?

5.
6.
7.

What is the negative effect of acid rain?

Why do people die younger?
Where's the worst environmental situation?

8. When did the Chornobyl' nuclear power plant suffer the worst nuclear accident in
history?
.
Pre-Listening
What is the negative effect of acid rains?

What causes them?

a) Listen about this environmental problem and say whether we were right or not.
b) Listen again and complete the sentences.
1. Acid rain is a result
2. It damages
3. Cars burn
4. Some gases react with
5. Acid rain take the form of
6. Governments need to
7.Its better to use electric appliances only
After listening.
What are the urgent problems of our environment?
What possible attitudes to these problems can exist?
Is there anything to do to change the situation for better?
.
1. .
2. .