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    10 views9 pages

    Ambardar DSP OppgaverKapittel4 Del2

    Uploaded by

    mailme4121
    filter design

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 9
    186 z-transform Analysis 425. FIGURE P.4.25 Filter realizations for Problem 4.25 426. 427. 428, 429. 4.30. (Realization) Find the transfer function and difference equation for each digital filter re- alization shown in Figure P4.25. orl [Hints and Suggestions: For (a), compare with a generic third-order direct form Il realiza- tion. For (b), compare with a generic second-order transposed realization] (verse Systems) Find the transfer function ofthe inverse systems for each ofthe follow ing. Which inverse systoms are causal? Which inverse systems are stable? 5 ft0d 42 me = 204 wae = 2 (© ye} ~05yhn— = xin) +2010— 0 @ him = nun {Hints and Suggestions: For parts (c) and (set up H() and find Hy) = 1/ (21 (Causality and Stability) How can you identify whether a system isa causal andor stable stem fom the following information? {a) Its impulse response in} (b) Iestransfer futon H (2) an its epion of convergence {6) ls sytem difference equation (a) ts poe-zer0 plot (Switched Peridle Signals) Find the z-transform of each switched periodic signal (ai = 1, win © sin (a) al [Hints and Suggestions: For pats (b) and (2), the period is forthe ist period to find the transform of the periodic signal] (verse Transforms of Polynomials) Find the inverse z-transform ofthe following -13 “a (Hints or pts (6) through (2), expand the transform fis.) (inverse Transformsby Long Division) Assuming right-sided signals, determin the ROC df the following transforms and comput the nverstransform by long division upton = 3. +1 cost /2)ul] cos(0.Snx +0.2Sx)uln) ‘Write out the sequence wy Gu) = 431. 432. 43. 434, 435, 4.11 Problems 187 [Hints and Suggestions: Before dividing, set up the numerator and denominator as poly- nomial in descending powers of z and obtain the quotient in powers of =~! (verse Transforms by Partial Fractions) Assuming right-sided signals, determine the ROC of the following :-transforms and compute the inverse transform using partial fractions, 16 ° ME+2), (a) X(2) = —— OXO= Er, 025) Hype = GO" STF ODE i © 0 = Ba Tse Oe 0H TED [Mints and Suggestions: For part (©) (2) snot proper. Use Tong division to gt P Se Pi) and use para actions for, (c). Only par) has epested 00s. (inverse Transforms by Partial Fractions) Assuming right-sided signals detemine the ROC ofthe following transforms anc computetheinvesetransformusng pata fractions. (XG) = SRTUMETD mre) = 0.252 + I) Ose © 06) wy +0257 Ow = SyoaF [Hints and Suggestions: Parts) through (c) and (g) through (h) have real repeated roots Parts (through (have complex roots, Pars) through have complex repeated 00%. (verse ‘Transforms by Long Division) Assuming left-sided signals, determine the ROC ‘of the following z-transform and compute the inverse transform by long division for. Bre F41 [Hints and Suggestions: Before dividing, set up the numerator and denominator as poly ‘nomials in ascending powers of: and oblain the quotient in ascending powers of <.] (The ROC and Inverse Transforms) Let X(=) = describe a valid ROC for X'(2)? For each valid ROC, find x(n), using panial fractions. @l<1 Wil>3 Olekl<3 @lsi [amar] — [Sigal iter HC] — [eal LPF] — v0 The input is x(0) sampling rate of § Hz. The digital filter is deseribed by H Towpass filter has a cutoff frequency of 0.58 Hz. + eos( lint) + cos(0r). The sample is eal and operates a 01s The ideal 192. z-Transform Analysis 463. 4.64, 4865. 4.66. 467. 468. (2) Whats the smallest value of $ that will prevent aliasing? What isthe steady-state ouput y(0)? L “ge Whats the steady-state ouput 9)? ‘Response of Digital Filters) Consider the averaging filter yn] = 05h) +.xln— 1] + 05x{n~21 (4) Find its impulse response hand its transfer function #(2). (6) Find its response y(n} tothe input xin] = (3, 4,6, 8), (6) Find is response yn] to the input xn (@) Find its response yf] tothe input xn} {Hints and Suggestions: For part (b), use convolution. For part (), find the steady-state response. For prt), ad the steady state response due to each component) 4 1, 0.5), and the response is (Transfer Function) The input to a digital filter is x(n] described by vn] = 8fn + 1] = 28[n] ~ 8fn ~ H. (a) Whats the filter transfer function (=)? (b) Does H(2) describe an IR filter or FIR fer? (6) Is the filter stable? Is it causal? (System Analysis) Consider a system whose impulse response ish its response to the following input. (0.5)'u(n) Find (a) stn} = 3m) @) x00) = ulm) (©) stn] = 0.25)"uln} (@) xin] =(0.5)"uln} coster) (8) s{n] = cost ul) () s(n) = cosSn) (h) x(n] = cos(0Sn2 yun] (Hints and Suggestions: Fr pars (cand (the ouput isthe steady-state response yt) For parts (F) and (h) use yn} = KOS)" + yl] with [=I] = O and find -] (System Analysis) Consider a system whose impulse response ish) = (0.8) ‘What input x(n] will esl in each of the following steady-state outputs? (@) yin} = cost0Snx) (b) ln] =2 + c0s0.5n) (©) yin = com*0.25n2) [Hints and Suggestions: For (a), assume xn] = Aeos(0Snx) + Bsin(0.Snzx) and compare the resulting steady state response with yn}. For (b), assume xl] = C+ Acox(.Snz) + B sin(0.Sn7. Fr (e), note that cosa = 0.5 + 05cos2a-] {System Response) Consider the system yr] ~ 0.253 ~ 2 fn usingz-transforms, for the following inputs (2) slr} = 2610 = 11+ wt} (b) xf] = 2+ cosi0.5n2) [Hints and Suggestions: For part (a), find Y (2) and its inverse transform by pata actions. For part (a the steady stat esponse fr each component of he input _x{n]. Find its response (System Response) The signal x{n] = (0.5)"u{n] is applied to a digital te, and the response is yf]. Find the filter transfer function and state whether its an IIR oF FIR filter and whether iis lineur-phase filter ifthe system output yn] is the following FIGURE P.4.71 Filter realization for Problem 4.71 411 Problems 193, (a) yf = stm) 40.58 — 1) (b) yf = dln = 2510 — 1) (©) vial =(-0.5)"uln) 4,69. (Interconnected Systems) Consider two systems whose impulse response is hilt] = ln) + @d[n ~ 1] and fist] = (0.5)"uln}. Find the overall system transfer function and the response yi] of the overall system to the input x(n} = (0.5)"ule, and to the input ln] = cost) if (a) The two systems are connected in parallel with « = 0.5, (b) The two systems are connected in parallel with « = —05. () The two systems are connected in cascade with a = 0. (a) ‘The two systems are connected in cascade with a = ~0.5, 4.70. (Interconnected Systems) The transfer function H¢ 24025 of the cascade of two systems 1 is known to be (2) Ibis also known thatthe unit step response and Ha) 2035 of the first system is [2 — (0.5)"lu[n]- Determine H(2) and Hs(2). 4.71. (Feedback Systems)) Consider the filter realization of Figure P4,71. Find the transfer function #(z) of the overall system if the impulse response of the filter is given by (a) ln) = Sta] ~ in — 1) (b) fa] = 0.5500] + 0.58fn — 1. to * Fier vial Find the difference equation relating y(r] and xl] from ‘of the overall system, 4.72. (Systems in Cascade) Consider the following system: =) andl investigate the stability — [@)— vind x(n) — [| [ia isknown that [a] = 0.5(0.4)° un), Hs(2) Choose A. a, and f such that the overall system represents an identity system, [Hints and Suggestions: Set up #7(2) (2) (=) = | to find the constants), 4.73. (Recursive and Non-Recursive Filters) Consider two filters described by +a) F ©) and insfn} = s[n]-+0.5610—1 3 Ln} = ln}-+0.58[0—1) A= OQ) yt) ye = 1) = snd = xt = 3) (2) Find the transfer function of each iter. (b) Find the response of each filter to the input x{] = cost. (©) Are the two filters related in any way? 4.74. (eedback Compensation) Feedback compensation i offen use 0 stabilize unstable filters. tis required w stabilize the unstable filter G¢=) = by puttingit inthe Forward 194. z-Transform Analysis 475. 476. 477. path ofa negative feedback system. The feedback block has the form H(z) —B (a) What values of er and are required forthe overall system to have two poles at and z = 0.6? What is the overall transfer function and impulse response? (b) What values of a and are required forthe overall system tohave both polesatz = 0.67 ‘What isthe overall transfer function and impulse response? How does the double pole affect the impulse response? {Hints and Suggestions: For the negative feedback sytem, the overall ane funtion is sven by 7 ol os (Recursive Forms of FIR Filters) An FIR filter may always be recast in recursive form by the simple expedient of including poles and zeros at identical locations. Ths is equivalent to multiplying the transfer function numerator and denominator by identical factors, For ‘example, the fier H(c) = 1 ~2~! is FIR botif we multiply the numerator and denominator by the identical term 1 + 2-1, the new filter and is difference equation become yln} + yl — 1] = xba] — x02) ‘The ference equation can be implemented recursively. Find two different recursive dif- {erence equations (with different orders) for each of the following files. (a) bial = © He) = (©) yl} [Hints and Suggestions: Set up H(2) and multiply both numerator and denominator by ‘identical polynomials in z (linear, quadratic ete) Use this to find the recursive difference equation Computation and Design (System Response in Symbolic Form) The MATLAB based routine sysresp2 (on the author's website) returns the system response in symbolic form, Obtain the response ofthe following filters and plot the response for 0

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