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: Ernest Renan (1823-1892), Eric
Hobsbawm (1917), Benedict Anderson
(1936).


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Anthony D. Smith (1933- ).

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, Tanzimat.

(1839-1876)

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Hatt- erif Glhane,
Mustafa
Reid Paa, -
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1856 Abdul Mejid I
Hatt- Hmayun,

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1876

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Montesquieu,
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. (Yeni Osmanllar), 1865.
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=> 1839 ,
1908 , 1889
1906
(Jn Trkler).
:
Mekhitar,

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=> Armenagan (1885,
1921 Ramgavar ), Hunchakian (1887 ) Dashnaktsoutiun
(1890 - ), ,
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1894-1896 Abdul Hamid
II 300.000
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1909 30.000
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1915
Enver Paa

( amele
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, 24 1915,
Mehmed Tlat Paa
250

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Tehcir (27/05/1915).



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(13/09/1915).

, 1.500.000


Der Zor .

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Tlat Paa,
1915 1.256.403
.

284.157 ( 972.246).

(1919-1920),

1923.



( 1915-1923)


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. 1914 1923, 360.000 ,
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=> (1963-1964),
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8 100 .
(3.200.000), - (140.000) (270.000),
(1.100.000), ... (1.000.000), ( 500.000), (200.000),
(150.000), (130.000), (100.000), (95.000), (80.000),
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