2/23/2016

folksonomy
web 2.0
augmented reality
iPads

Digital Literacies

e-learning
PLNs
Flickr
net neutrality Mark Pegrum,

wikis

UWA

cloud computing

RSS

Were in a period where the cutting edge of change

has moved from the technology to the literacies
made possible by the technology.

Facebook
m-learning

Twitter
multimedia
animations
CC
apps
tagging
podcasting
YouTube

What is Howard Rheingold trying to say?

Do you agree with him?
Can you name some new literacies?
Feel free to use Twitter: #DLHK16

Howard Rheingold (2012)

Our kids, and we ourselves, can now carry the sum

of human knowledge around in our pockets.
Teachers and classrooms are no longer found only in
brick-and-mortar schools. We can have teachers and
classrooms with us wherever we go. Whats needed
for reading and writing literacy is evolving far
beyond traditional definitions. In fact, by modern
standards, most of us are illiterate.

Will Richardson (2012)

Extract from G. Dudeney, N. Hockly & M. Pegrum. (2013). Digital Literacies. Harlow: Pearson.

1.1

focus: language

print literacy

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print literacy
nuts & bolts: spelling, grammar & discourse

[A]ccess is not the sole divide. Technical skills,

media literacy, and even basic English literacy all
shape how teens experience new technologies.

skills: reading & writing

engage in deep reflection
make complex arguments
develop conceptual frameworks
build (a) worldview(s)
life skills & professional skills

Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

Reading and writing are intertwined If reading

habits change, so do the ways authors tend to
write. Computers, and now portable digital
devices, coax us to skim rather than read in depth,
search rather than traverse continuous prose. As a
result, how and how much we write is already
shifting.

Naomi Baron (2015)

1.2

danah boyd (2014)

[the] physical landscape of pages matters, at

least for many readers and many kinds of reading.
Print books let you easily see two full pages at
once. You can use your fingers to hold your place
for others. The topography of the text helps you
remember where you read something.

Naomi Baron (2015)

My smmr hols wr CWOT.

My summer holidays were a complete waste of time.

B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY

texting literacy

Before, we used to go to New York

2C my bro, his GF &

to see my brother, his girlfriend and

3 :-@ kds FTF.

3 screaming kids face-to-face.
Source: The Guardian, 15 May 2003

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?
textspeak

One clear conclusion that emerges is that exposure

to textese does not result in the deterioration of
conventional reading, writing and other language
skills, as has been widely suggested in the popular
press. On the contrary, the relationship between
textese use and literacy skills seems to be
overwhelmingly positive, and even, at least in part,
causal.

Nenagh Kemp (2011)

Is netspeak/textspeak a problem in education?

[] as the textisms used are rarely novel, it may be

that the originators of the forms, and not the end
users who merely reproduce them, demonstrate
these linguistic skills.

Fiona Lyddy et al (2013)

1.3
codeswitching

hypertext literacy

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cognitive effects of hyperlinks

Hyperlinks are a new form of punctuation they
invite you to continue on and on and on.
reduced speed
reduced focus
reduced memory

David Weinberger (2009)

Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

rhetorical effects of hyperlinks

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

1.4

emphasis
balance
openness

multimedia literacy

credibility
narrative
cohesiveness
autonomy
Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

1.5
In a multimedia world, it is not possible to focus
exclusively on the spoken or written element,
treating everything else as marginal as nonlinguistic extras. All the elements combine in a
single communicative act, and their joint roles need
to be considered.

gaming literacy

David Crystal (2011)

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1.6

1.7

mobile literacy

code literacy

Over the next decade, our lives will become so

inextricably linked with our digital companions that
we will find ourselves living as partners in code,
creating the next generation of human-digital coevolution. Code will become increasingly ingrained
in our lives. It will come to function as a sort of
white noise in the background: always there and
only noticeable when missing.

KnowledgeWorks (2015)

As computational devices, and the algorithms that

drive them, become more pervasive in childrens
lives, it becomes necessary to empower all children
with the understanding and confidence not only to
navigate their environment but to shape it.

Andrew Manches & Lydia Plowman (2015)

?
Its a long way [to go] for us, but in some countries
all kids are required to learn to code, at least the
basics, so you understand what its about even
though you may not write the next Windows
operating system.

How are language-related literacies

relevant to your teaching?
Feel free to use Twitter: #DLHK16

Lee Hsien Loong, PM of Singapore (2014)

2/23/2016

2.1

focus: information

tagging literacy

2.2

search literacy

While our public schools do a poor to fair job

preparing students for life in the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, instruction in online search
and credibility testing for our current milieu is not
taught in most classrooms.

Howard Rheingold (2012)

search literacy
In five years, we think 50 percent of queries will
be on speech or images ... Speech and images
are, in my view, a much more natural way to
communicate [than text].

different search engines

different search terms
different presentations of results
bias towards:

Andrew Ng, Baidu (2015)

Commercial
Popular
Recent
Personalised

Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

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social/personal search

Google

Facebook

PageRank
+
57 personalisation signals
(December 2009)

EdgeRank
=
3 key factors

The new generation of Internet filters looks at the

things you seem to like the actual things youve
done, or the things people like you like and tries to
extrapolate. They are prediction engines, constantly
creating and refining a theory of who you are and
what youll do and want next.
[]

where logging in from

what browser you use
what searched for in past

You can get stuck in a static, ever-narrowing version

of yourself an endless you-loop.

Now

Now

? factors

More than 100,000 factors

EdgeRank Source: Wikipedia. (n.d.). EdgeRank. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdgeRank (25 Sep 2015)

2.3

Eli Pariser (2011)

Books do not make you smart all by themselves. In

fact, they can make you stupid if you believe
everything they say or if you only read books that
contain viewpoints you already believe in.

information literacy
James Paul Gee (2013)

a conversation

Zack (14 years old):

Neighbour (retired):
Zack:

Im working on a history paper

about how the Holocaust never
happened.
Zack, where did you hear that the
Holocaust didnt happen?
I found it on the Internet in my high
school library. Concentration camps
were really clinics to help the Jews
fight typhus carried by lice
Later that day, the neighbour called
the school superintendent and
demanded that the Internet be shut
down.

information literacy

asking key questions

+
having a baseline of knowledge
+
triangulating
+
tracking

Source: Alan November, Empowering students with technology (2010).

Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

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2.4
Value now lies not in information, but in its
relevance: filtering, sorting, contextualizing that
which speaks to us.

filtering literacy
David Sasaki (2009)

?
How are information-related literacies
relevant to your teaching?

focus: connections

Feel free to use Twitter: #DLHK16

3.1

personal literacy

Curatorship allows users to control, select and

publish aspects of their performed, recorded self in
new media; and we can see here an essential life
skill; the management of resources and assets
made for, by and about us in a range of media.

John Potter & ystein Gilje (2015)

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3.2

network literacy

As knowledge becomes networked, the smartest

person in the room isnt the person standing at the
front lecturing us, and isnt the collective wisdom of
those in the room. The smartest person in the room is
the room itself: the network that joins the people and
ideas in the room, and connects to those outside of it
[] knowledge is becoming inextricable from
literally unthinkable withoutthe network that
enables it.

David Weinberger (2011)

Increasingly, those who use technology in ways

that expand their global connections are more
likely to advance, while those who do not will find
themselves on the sidelines.

What if Schools taught robot relations as a new

form of digital literacy?
2016 Horizon Report

robotic
literacy

2009 Horizon Report

KnowledgeWorks (2015)

3.3

participatory literacy

Participatory culture shifts the focus of literacy from

one of individual expression to community
involvement. The new literacies almost all involve
social skills developed through collaboration and
networking.

Henry Jenkins et al (2006)

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3.4
Knowing how to blog, tweet, wiki, search, innovate,
program, and/or organize online can lead to
political, cultural, and economic value.

intercultural literacy
Howard Rheingold (2012)

blogs

websites

iEARN

TakingIT
Global
Inspire. Inform.
Involve.

discussion
boards

wikis

How are connection-related literacies

relevant to your teaching?

Learning with
the world, not
just about it

Global
Voices
The world is
talking, are you
listening?

Rising
Voices

Feel free to use Twitter: #DLHK16

Helping the global

population join
the global
conversation

4.1

focus: (re-)design

remix literacy

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The remix is the very nature of the digital.

William Gibson (2005)

[Remix] is a literacy for this generation. This is

how our kids speak. It is how our kids think. It is
what your kids are.

Lawrence Lessig (2007)

Remix: the heart of digital literacies

remix

Doug Belshaw (2014)

meme

Political engagement takes many forms . many

teens have used the tools of internet culture to
express themselves politically. For example, the
production and distribution of internet memes is
a common form of self-expression, but it can also
be a form of political speech.

danah boyd (2014)

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remix literacy
macroliteracy

Digital literacies can be developed by remixing

other peoples work.

hallmark of contemporary culture

fits web 2.0 ethos
old & new tasks
interpret
critique
redesign

Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia

http://www.education.uwa.edu.au/

Doug Belshaw (2014)

?
Were in a period where the cutting edge of change
has moved from the technology to the literacies
made possible by the technology.

How is redesign-related literacy (remix

literacy) relevant to your teaching?
Feel free to use Twitter: #DLHK16

Howard Rheingold (2012)

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