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TRUE
2) When the right-hand sides of 2 constraints are both increased by 1 unit, the value of the objective function
will be adjusted by the sum of the constraints' prices.
Answer:
FALSE
3) When a linear programming problem is solved using a computer package decision variables will always be integer
and therefore decision variable values never need to be rounded.
Answer:
FALSE
4) Sensitivity ranges can be computed only for the right hand sides of constraints. Answer: FALSE
5) Sensitivity analysis determines how a change in a parameter affects the optimal solution.
Answer:
TRUE
6) The sensitivity range for an objective function coefficient is the range of values over which the current optimal
solution point (product mix) will remain optimal.
Answer:
TRUE
7) The sensitivity range for an objective function coefficient is the range of values over which the profit does not
change.
Answer:
FALSE
8) The sensitivity range for a constraint quantity value is the range over which the shadow price is valid.
Answer:
TRUE
9) If we change the constraint quantity to a value outside the sensitivity range for that constraint quantity, the shadow
price will change.
Answer:
TRUE
10)
The sensitivity range for a constraint quantity value is the range over which the optimal values of the
FALSE
11)Linear programming problems are restricted to decisions in a single time period. Answer: FALSE
12)
Answer:
13)
A change in the value of an objective function coefficient will always change the value of the optimal
solution.
Answer:
14)
Answer:
FALSE
The terms reduced cost, shadow price, and dual price all mean the same thing.
TRUE
15)
Sensitivity analysis can be used to determine the effect on the solution for changing several parameters
at once.
Answer:
FALSE
16)
For a profit maximization problem, if the allowable increase for a coefficient in the objective function is
FALSE
The reduced cost (shadow price) for a positive decision variable is
zero
18)
The sensitivity range for a is the range of values over which the
19)
Answer:
20) The sensitivity range for a constraint quantity value is also the range over which the
is valid.
Answer:
shadow price
21)
values over which the current optimal solution point (product mix) will remain optimal.
Answer:
objective function
Consider the following linear program, which maximizes profit for two products, regular (R), and super (S):
MAX 50R + 75S
s.t.
1.2R + 1.6 S 600 assembly (hours) 0.8R + 0.5 S
300 paint (hours)
.16R + 0.4 S 100 inspection (hours)
Sensitivity Report:
Cell
Name
$B$7
$C$7
Regular =
Super =
Cell
Name
Final
Value
291.67
133.33
Final
Value
563.33
300.00
100.00
Reduced
Cost
Objective
Coefficient
Allowable
Increase
Allowable
Decrease
0.00
0.00
50
75
70
50
20
43.75
Shadow
Price
Constraint
R.H. Side
Allowable
Increase
Allowable
Decrease
600
300
100
1E+30
39.29
12.94
36.67
175
40
0.00
33.33
145.83
Answer:
$50.
by
Answer:
.
$1,333
Inspection
The profit on the super
26)
change
in
the
market
has
$667
Tracksaws, Inc. makes tractors and lawn mowers. The firm makes a profit of $30 on each tractor and $30 on each lawn
mower, and they sell all they can produce. The time requirements in the machine shop, fabrication, and tractor assembly
are given in the table.
Formulation:
Let
30y
subject to 2 x + y
60
2 x + 3y
x
120
45
27)
How many tractors and saws should be produced to maximize profit, and how much profit will they
make?
Answer:
28)
Answer:
29)
Answer:
30)
Answer:
31)
What is the maximum amount a manager would be willing to pay for one additional hour of machining
time?
Answer:
32)
Answer:
The production manager for the Whoppy soft drink company is considering the production of 2
kinds of soft drinks: regular (R) and diet (D). The company operates one "8 hour" shift per day.
Therefore, the production time is 480 minutes per day. During the production process, one of the
main ingredients, syrup is limited to maximum production capacity of 675 gallons per day.
Production of a regular case requires 2 minutes and 5 gallons of syrup, while production of a diet
case needs 4 minutes and 3 gallons of syrup. Profits for regular soft drink are $3.00 per case and
profits for diet soft drink are $2.00 per case.
The formulation for this problem is given below.
MAX Z = $3R + $2D
s.t.
2R + 4D 480
5R + 3D 675
34)
Answer: $420
35)
How many cases of regular and how many cases of diet soft drink should Whoppy produce to maximize
daily profit?
Answer:
36)
Answer:
37)
38)
if the company decides to increase the amount of syrup it uses during production of these soft drinks to 990
lbs. will the current product mix change? If show what is the impact on profit? Answer: Yes., Increase in profit =
0.57(990 - 675) = $180
Mallory furniture buys 2 products for resale: big shelves (B) and medium shelves (M). Each big shelf
costs $500 and requires 100 cubic feet of storage space, and each medium shelf costs $300 and
requires 90 cubic feet of storage space. The company has $75000 to invest in shelves this week,
and the warehouse has 18000 cubic feet available for storage. Profit for each big shelf is $300 and
for each medium shelf is $150.Graphically solve this problem and answer the following questions.
39)
Answer:
Profit = $45,000
40)
Answer:
Determine the sensitivity range for the profit on the big shelf.
the range is from $250
to infinity
41)If the Mallory Furniture is able to increase the profit per medium shelf to
$200, would the company purchase medium shelves. If so, what would be the
new product mix and the total profit?
Answer:
The linear programming problem whose output follows is used to determine how many bottles of fire red nail polish (x1),
bright red nail polish (x2), basil green nail polish(x3), and basic pink nail polish(x4) a beauty salon should stock. The
objective function measures profit; it is assumed that every piece stocked will be sold. Constraint 1 measures display space
in units, constraint 2 measures time to set up the display in minutes. Note that green nail polish does not require any time
to prepare its display. Constraints 3 and 4 are marketing restrictions. Constraint 3 indicates that the maximum demand for
fire red and green polish is 25 bottles, while constraint 4 specifies that the minimum demand for bright red, green and pink
nail polish bottles combined is at least 50 bottles.
MAX 100x1 + 120x2 + 150x3 + 125x4
Subject to
1.
5x2 + x4 120
3. x1 + x3 25
4. x2 + x3 + x4 50 x1, x2 ,
x3, x4 0
Optimal Solution:
Objective Function Value = 7475.000
42)
How much space will be left unused? How many minutes of idle time remaining for setting up the
display?
Answer:
43)
0, 63
a)
To what value can the per bottle profit on fire red nail polish drop before the solution
By how much can the per bottle profit on green basil nail polish increase before the solution (product
a) 87.5, b) 12
a)By how much can the amount of space decrease before there is a change in the profit?
b) By how much can the amount of space decrease before there is a change in the product mix?
c)
By how much can the amount of time available to setup the display can increase before the solution (product
mix) would change?
d) What is the lowest value for the amount of time available to setup the display before the solution (product
mix) would change?
Answer:
a) 0 b) 8 c) 0
d) 57
45)
You are offered the chance to obtain more space. The offer is for 15 units and the total price is $1500.
46)
Subject to:
6x1 + 2x2 18
15x1 + 20x2 60
x1 + x2 0
constraint 1: 6 - 24
constraint 2:
45 - 180
47)
Subject to:
6x1 + 2x2 18
15x1 + 20x2 60
x1 + x2 0
Determine the sensitivity range for each objective function coefficient. Answer:
x1:
Max
Subject to:
Z = 3x1 + 3x2
10x1 + 4x2 60
25x1 + 50x2 200
x1 , x2 0
Determine the sensitivity range for each objective function coefficient. Answer:
x1:
For a maximization problem, assume that a constraint is binding. If the original amount of a resource is 4
lbs., and the range of feasibility (sensitivity range) for this constraint is from 3 lbs. to 6 lbs., increasing the amount
of this resource by 1 lb. will result in the:
A) same product mix, different total profit
B) different product mix, same total profit as before
C) same product mix, same total profit
D) different product mix, different total profit Answer:
A
50)
A plant manager is attempting to determine the production schedule of various products to maximize
profit. Assume that a machine hour constraint is binding. If the original amount of machine hours available is 200
minutes., and the range of feasibility is from 130 minutes to 340 minutes, providing two additional machine hours
will result in:
A) the same product mix, different total profit
Mallory Furniture buys 2 products for resale: big shelves (B) and medium shelves (M). Each big shelf costs $500 and
requires 100 cubic feet of storage space, and each medium shelf costs $300 and requires 90 cubic feet of storage space. The
company has $75000 to invest in shelves this week, and the warehouse has 18000 cubic feet available for storage. Profit for
each big shelf is
$300 and for each medium shelf is $150.
53)
54)If the Mallory Furniture company decides to purchase 150 big shelves and no medium shelves, which of the
two resources will be left over?
A) investment money only
B) storage space only
C) investment money and storage space
D) neither investment money nor storage space Answer: B
The production manager for the Whoppy soft drink company is considering the production of 2 kinds of soft drinks: regular
and diet. The company operates one "8 hour" shift per day. Therefore, the production time is 480 minutes per day. During
the production process, one of the main ingredients, syrup is limited to maximum production capacity of 675 gallons per
day. Production of a regular case requires 2 minutes and 5 gallons of syrup, while production of a diet case needs 4 minutes
and 3 gallons of syrup. Profits for regular soft drink are $3.00 per case and profits for diet soft drink are $2.00 per case.
55)
a)90 R and 75 D
b)135 R and 0 D
d)75 R and 90
D
e)50 R and 50 D
Answer:
56)
For the production combination of 135 regular cases and 0 diet cases, which resource is completely
Answer:B
57)
A. $2 to $3
B.$2 to $4
C.$1 to $3
D. $1 to $3.33
Answer:D
58)
A. A + B -3
B. A - B -3
C.A - B 3
D. A + B -3
E. -A + B -3
Answer:
59)
Use the constraints given below and determine which of the following points is feasible.
(1) 14x + 6y 42
(2) x - y 3
A) x = 1; y = 5 B) x = 2; y = 2 C) x = 2; y = 8 D) x = 2; y = 4 E) x = 3; y = .5
Answer:
60)
For the constraints given below, which point is in the feasible region of this minimization problem?
1) 14x+6y <= 42
2) X+3y>= 6
A) x = 0; y = 4
Answer:
B) x = 2; y = 5
C) x = 1; y = 2
D) x = 2; y = 1 E) x = 2; y = 3
61)
What combination of x and y is a feasible solution that minimizes the value of the objective function ?
Min Z = 3x + 15y
(1) 2x + 4y 12 (2) 5x + 2y
10
A) x = 0; y = 3 B) x = 0; y = 5 C) x = 5; y = 0 D) x = 6; y = 0 E) x = 4; y = 1
Answer:
62)
A) the marginal gain in the objective that would be realized by adding 1 unit of a resource
B) the marginal gain in the objective that would be realized by subtracting 1 unit of a resource
C) the marginal cost of adding additional resources
D) the marginal gain of selling one more unit
Answer:
63)
A) $120
Answer:
B) $160
C) $185
D) $200
Given the following linear programming problem that minimizes cost. Min Z = 2x + 8y
Subject to
(1) 8x + 4y 64
(2) 2x + 4y 32
(2) y 2
66)
A) x = 2; y = 6
B) x = 6; y = 2
C) x = 12; y = 2
D) x = 2; y = 2
E) x = 6; y =
5
Answer:
67)
A) $30
B) $40
Answer:
68)
C) $50
E) $53.33
a) 0 to 2 b) 4 to 6
b) Answer:
69)
D) $52
c) 2 to 4
d) 0 to 4
a) 0 to 4 b) 2 to 5.33
Answer:
c) 0 to 5.33
d) 4 to 6.33
70)
measures the
for a given
a) decrease, resource
b)increase, parameter
c)improvement, resource
d)change,
e) decrease, parameter
71)
effect of
changes on the
a)price, company
Answer:
72)
b)cost, production
.
d)none of the above
C
For a linear programming problem, assume that a given resource has not been fully used. We can
73)
A) negative, negative
B) negative, zero
C) zero, zero
D) zero, negative
Answer: C
Aunt Anastasia operates a small business: she produces seasonal ceramic objects to sell to tourists. For the spring, she is
planning to make baskets, eggs, and rabbits. Based on your discussion with your aunt you construct the following table.
Your aunt also has committed to make 25 rabbits for a charitable organization. Based on the information in the table, you
formulate the problem as a linear program.
B = number of baskets produced E = number of
eggs produced
R = number of rabbits produced MAX 2.5B +
1.5E + 2R
s.t.
0.5 B + 0.333E + 0.25R 20 B + E + R 50
0.25B + 0.333E + 0.75R 80 R 25
The Excel solution and the answer and sensitivity report are shown below.
The Answer Report:
74)
Which additional resources would you recommend that Aunt Anastasia try to obtain?
a) mix/mold
d)demand
information provided
Answer:
75)
Suppose the charitable organization contacted Aunt Anastasia and told her that they had overestimated the
amount of rabbits they needed. Instead of 25 rabbits, they need 35. How would this affect Aunt Anastasia's profits?
increase by $2.50
c) Profits would decrease by $2.50
Answer:
76)
Aunt Anastasia feels that her prices are too low, particularly for her eggs. How much would her profit
have to increase on the eggs before it is profitable for her to make and sell eggs?
77)
Aunt Anastasia's available hours for paint and seal have fallen from 80 hours to 60 hours because of
A)Profits will decrease by $30. B) Profits will increase by $30. C) Profits will decrease by
$20.
D) Profits will increase by $20. E) Profits will not change.
Answer:
78)
E
Aunt Anastasia can obtain an additional 10 hours of kiln capacity free of charge from a friend. If she
a)Profit would increase by $25. B)Profits would decrease by $25. C) Profits would
increase by $6.25.
d) Profits would decrease by $6.25 e)Cannot tell from the information provided.
Answer:
79)
Aunt Anastasia is planning for next spring, and she is considering making only 2 products. Based on the
results from the linear program, which two products would you recommend that she make?
Manufacturing
2..5 minutes of machine time, 30 minutes of labor, and costs $14 to produce. Brand
requires 3 minutes of machine time, 45 minutes of labor, and costs $18 to produce.
machining hours available
Astros
Curious
per week, 3,750 labor hours, and he has a budget of $3,000. Brand
Astro sells for $15, Brand Bling for $18, and Brand Curious for $25.
The LP formulation that maximizes week profit shown below.
MAX 15A +18B + 25 C
s.t.
2A + 2.5B + 3C 300
20A + 30B + 45C 3,750
10A + 14B + 18C 3,000
The solution from QM for Windows is show below.
80)
a) machining time
Answer:
d) buyers
81)If one of Billy's machines breaks down, it usually results in about 6 hours of downtime. When this happens,
Billy's profits are reduced by
A) $15
Answer:
B)18 C) $25
D) $35
82)
Billy's accountant made an error, and the budget has been reduced from $3000 to $2500. Billy's profit
will go down by
A) $0
B) $625
Answer:
C) $1350
D) $1650
83) Billy has decided that he can raise the price on the Curious t-shirt by 10% without losing sales. If he raises the
price, his profits will
a) increase by 10%
$125
Answer:
d) increase by