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EXPERIMENT 5:

VENTURI METER

M V HARISH BABU (ME08B013)


MANOJ K TRIPATHI (ME08B014)
M KRISHNAKALYAN (ME08B015)
M SALIMUDDIN (ME08B016)

GROUP IV (BATCH 1)
AIM

 To determine the discharge coefficient Cd

 To show that the relation between flow rate (Q)


and pressure difference (∆P) is quadratic
Components required
 Long and short nipples (GI pipe)
 Joints
 Flow control valves
 Outlet pipe
 Measuring jar
 Manometer (made using wooden plank, plastic tube
and graph sheet)
 Venturimeter
 Meter scale
theory
 Venturimeter, essentially a short pipe consisting of
two conical parts with a short portion (throat) of
uniform cross-section in between
Contd.
 It is always used in such a way that the upstream part
of the flow goes through short conical portion while the
downstream part flows through the long one
 This ensures a rapid converging passage and a gradual
diverging passage in the direction of flow to avoid the
loss of energy due to separation
 In course of flow through the converging part, the
velocity increases in the direction of flow according to
“the principle of continuity”, while the pressure
decreases according to “Bernoulli’s principle”
Formula used

 From Bernoulli’s equation

 Here, since the height is same for two points of


venturimeter where the pressure is measured, h1= h2
Contd.
 From equation of continuity,
A1 V1 = A 2 V2
 Combining these two,

 To compensate for the loss due to viscosity and other


factors, the discharge coefficient (Cd ) is introduced in
the above relation, which gives
Experimental set-up
Observations

S.N H (cm) H (m) ln H Q Q x10-4 ln Q


o l /s m3/s

1 4 .040 -3.218 .1089 1.089 -9.125


2 6.4 .064 -2.7488 .1378 1.378 -8.889
3 7.8 .078 -2.5510 .1531 1.531 -8.784
4 11.6 .116 -2.1541 .1855 1.855 -8.592
5 15 .150 -1.8971 .2122 2.112 -8.458
6 18.2 .182 -1.7037 .2324 2.324 -8.367
Calculations

 The intercept from the plot(ln Q vs. ln H) is found to be -7.059


 Therefore, we have , -7.059 = ln Cd A1A2 (2g/A12 – A22)
 Using the data,
A1 = 5.064 x 10-4 m2
A2 = 1.267 x 10-4 m2
g = 9.81 ms-2

 Cd = 0.9457
Plot(ln Q vs. ln H)

-3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 y0= 0.501x - 7.509


-8.3
-8.4
-8.5
-8.6
-8.7 lnQ
ln Q

-8.8 Linear (lnQ)

-8.9
-9
-9.1
-9.2
ln H
Observations

S.No Flow rate, Q , x10-4 m3 /s ∆P , Pa


1 1.089 392.4
2 1.378 627.8
3 1.531 756.2
4 1.855 1137.9
5 2.112 1471.5
6 2.324 1785.4
Q vs. ∆P

2.5

1.5
Q
Q

1 Poly. (Q)

0.5

0
0 500 1000 1500 2000
∆P
Conclusions
 The value of discharge coefficient is found to be
0.9457 ≈ 0.95
 This is close to the expected value of Cd for a
venturimeter which usually lies between 0.95 to
0.98
 The graph of Q vs. ∆P is parabolic, which clearly
shows that the relation between Q and ∆P is
parabolic
Practical Values of Cd

S.No Q , x10-4 , m3 /s Qt , x10-4 , m3 /s Cd = Q/ Qt

1 1.089 1.1591 0.9395


2 1.378 1.4662 0.9398
3 1.531 1.6186 0.9458
4 1.855 1.9739 0.9397
5 2.112 2.2446 0.9409
6 2.324 2.4725 0.9399

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