Professional Documents
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Hunting horn
Natural horn
Crooks were different lengths of tubing that could be added to the horn
Around 1818 in Germany, rotary valves were added to the horn
This was added so that players did not have to change the different crooks
Also allowed for chromatic notes for the first time on the horn
Piston valves were also added to the horn in France around the same time
Bb Trumpet for
Comparison
STOPPED HORN
Stopped Horn technique is the act of fully closing off the bell of the instrument with
the either the right hand, or a special mute that assists with the stopping of the note.
The results of this produce a sort of nasally tone. The notation for stopped horn is
usually indicated by a + above the note that is to be played, and then an 0 for
notes that are to be played open. For passages that require a longer set of stopped
notes the words stopped horn is written out in the music.
The pitch of the stopped note lowers when the hand is placed in the bell. For
example, when playing a middle C (F-horn open) the pitch will raise the pitch by a
whole step.
Stopped horn originated in classical music, with pieces requiring the use of this
technique to lower the pitch accordingly.
Mozarts Four Horn Concertos, Concert Rondo, and Morceau de Concert were
written with this technique in mind.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=MiS47axhbKE (c. 1:30)
Single Horn
Descant Horn
Vienna Horn
Double Horn
Natural Horn