You are on page 1of 52
Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback Questions - Paper 4, Chapters 14 to 18 Chapter 14 - Engines Q1. The combination of Boyle's Law and Charles's Law define the relationship of: (a) pressure, volume, temperature. (b) pressure, volume, velocity. (©) pressure, velocity, temperature. (¢) volume, velocity, temperature. Chapter 15 - Piston Engines Q1. The correct formula to calculate the multi-cylinder engine displacement is : (2) cylinder length * cylinder diameter (b) piston area * piston stroke * number of cylinders (©) piston area * piston stroke (@) cylinder volume * number of cylinders Q2. _ Inmost cases aeroplane piston engines are short stroke engines. This permits a (a) lighter construction. (b) lower fuel consumption. (c) _ better piston cooling. (d) cheaper construction Q3. For piston engines, mixture ratio is the ratio between the : (2) volume of fuel and volume of air entering the carburettor. (b) mass of fuel and volume of air entering the carburettor. (c) mass of fuel and mass of air entering the cylinder. (¢) volume of fuel and volume of air entering the cylinder. Q4. On modern carburetors, the variations of mixture ratios are obtained by the adjustment of : (2) airflow. (b) fuel flow and air flow. (c) fuel flow, air flow and temperature. (@) fuel flow. Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 08. a6. a7. a8. a9. ato. att. To adjust the mixture ratio of a piston engine when altitude increases, means to: (a) decrease the amount of fuel in the mixture in order to compensate for the increasing air density. (b) increase the amount of fuel in the mixture to compensate for the decreasing air pressure and density. () increase the mixture ratio. (4) decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for the decreasing air density. ‘When applying carburettor heating (a) the mixture becomes richer. (b) a decrease in RPM results from the lean mixture. (c) the mixture becomes leaner. (d) no change occurs in the mixture ratio. When the pilot moves the mixture lever of a piston engine towards a lean Position the (a) volume of air entering the carburettor is reduced, (b) amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is increased. (c) volume of air entering the carburettor is increased. (4) amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is reduced. When altitude increases without adjustment of the mixture ratio, the piston engine performance is affected because of a : (a) _ increase of air density for smaller quantity of fuel, (b) decrease of air density for a smaller quantity of fuel. (c) decrease of air density for a constant quantity of fuel. (4) constant air density for a bigger quantity of fuel. Arich mixture setting has to be used during climb segments. This results in a (2) lower cylinder head temperature. (b) higher efficiency. (©) slight loss of power. (2) higher torque. Max. Exhaust Gas Temperature is theoretically associated with : (a) Cruising mixture setting. (b) ullrich setting. (c) Mixture ratio very close to idle cut-out. (4) Mass ratio of 1/15. For a given type of ol, the oil viscosity depends on the: (a) oiltemperature. {b) outside pressure. (c) oil pressure. (@) quantity of oi Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 a2. ars, ata. ats, are, iz, With respect to a piston engined aircraft, ice in the carburettor : (2) __willonly form at OAT's below +10°C. (6) will only form at outside air temperatures (OAT's) below the freezing point of water. (c)__will only form at OAT's below the freezing point of fuel. (4) may form at OAT's higher than +10°C. Ifthe ground wire between the magnetos and the ignition switch becomes disconnected the most noticeable result will be that: (a) the engine cannot be shut down by turning the ignition switch to the “OFF position (b) a still operating engine will run down (©) _ the engine cannot be started with the ignition switch in the "ON" position (4) _ the power developed by the engine will be strongly reduced ‘The compression ratio of a piston engine is the ratio of the: (2) _ area of the piston to the cylinder volume. (b) weight of the air induced to its weight after compression. (©) volume of the cylinder with the piston at bottom dead centre to that with the piston at top dead centre. (4) __ diameter of the bore to the piston stroke. The part of a piston engine that transforms reciprocating movement into rotary motion is termed the : (a) reduction gear (b) crankshaft (c) piston (¢) camshaft Which of the following factors would be likely to increase the possibility of detonation occurring within a piston engine ? (a) slightly retarding the ignition timing (6) using too lean a fueVair mixture ratio (©) the use of a fuel with a high octane rating as compared to the use of ‘one with a low octane rating (2) using an engine with a low compression ratio Prolonged running at low rpm may have an adverse effect on the efficiency of the: (a) ollpump. (b) fuel fiter (©) sparking plugs. (4) carburettor. + Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 are. arg, 20. 21. 22. 023. 24. The useful work area in an ideal Otto engi the following gas state change lines, (@) 2 adiabatic and 1 isothermic lines. (b) 2 adiabatic and 2 isobaric lines. (c) 2 adiabatic, 1 isochoric and 1 isobaric lines. (4) 2 adiabatic and 2 isochoric lines. ‘The ignition occurs in each cylinder of an four-stroke engine (TDC = Top Dead Center) : (a) _ before TDC at each crankshaft revolution. (b) behind TDC at each crankshaft revolution. (c) behind TDC at each second crankshaft revolution. (4) before TOC at each second crankshaft revolution. ‘The power output of a piston engine can be calculated by (2) Torque times RPM. (b) Work times velocity. (c) Force times distance. (@) Pressure times arm, ‘The power of a piston engine which will be measured by using a friction brake is: (2) Heat loss power: (b) Indicated horse power. (©) Brake horse power. (@) Friction horse power. The torque of an aeroplane engine can be measured at the: (a) propeller blades. (b) accessory gear box. (c) camshaft. (d) gear box whict located between the engine and the propeller. we ‘The power of a piston engine decreases during climb with a constant power lever setting, because of the decreasing : (2) temperature. (b) —airdensity (©) engine temperature. (@) humidity The conditions under which you obtain the highest engine power are : (2) cold and dry air at high pressure. (b) warm and humid air at low pressure. (6) cold and humid air at high pressure. (6) warm and dry air at high pressure. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 025. 26. 27. 228. 29. 230. ‘The power output of a normally aspirated piston engine increases with increasing altitude at constant Manifold Air Pressure (MAP) and RPM because of the : (a) _ lower losses during the gas change. {b) lower friction losses. (c) leaner mixture at higher altitudes. (8) __ lower back pressure. During climb with constant Manifold Air Pressure (MAP) and RPM indication and constant mixture setting, the power output of a piston engine: (a) stays constant, (b) increases. (c) decreases. () only stays constant if the speed control lever is pushed forward. The octane rating of a fuel and compression ratio of a piston engine have which of the following relations? (a) the higher the octane rating is, the higher the possible compression ratio is () the lower the octane rating is, the higher the possible compression ratio is (©) __ the higher the octane rating is, the lower the possible compression ratio (4) compression ratio is independent of the octane rating. ‘The kind of compressor normally used as a supercharger is (a) a hybrid compressor. (b) —_apiston compressor. (c) a radial compressor. (4) anaxial compressor. ‘What can be the consequence during a descent with a fully open throttle if the waste gate is seized ? (a) The turbine shaft will break. (b) The turbine blades will separate. (c) The manifold air pressure (MAP) value may exceed the maximum allowed value. (6) The power of the motor will decrease. ‘One of the advantages of a turbosupercharger is that : (a) there is no danger of knocking (b) __ituses the exhaust gas energy which normally is lost. (c) _ithas a better propulsive efficiency. () there is no torsion at the crankshaft ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 31 032. 233. 034, 235. 036. 37. With which instrument(s) do you monitor the power output of an aeroplane fitted with a fixed pitch propeller? (a) RPM and Fuel Flow indicator. (b) RPM and MAP indicator. (c) _ RPMand EGT indicator. (2) RPM indicator. An EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) indicator for a piston engine is used to (a) control the fuel temperature. (b) assist the pilot to settle correct mixture. (©) control the cylinder head temperature. (4) control the carburettor inlet air flow. The conditions which can cause knocking are : (2) High manifold pressure and high revolutions per minute. (b) Low manifold pressure and high revolutions per minute. (c) Low manifold pressure and high fuel flow. (d) High manifold pressure and low revolutions per minute During climb with constant throttle and RPM lever setting (mixture being constant) the : (a) Manifold Air Pressure (MAP) decreases. (b) RPM decreases. (©) Manifold Air Pressure (MAP) increases. (4) RPM increases. The crank assembly consists of (2) propeller, crankshaff, pistons and connecting rods. (b) —_Crankcase, crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons. (c) crankshaft, camshaft, valves, valve springs and push rods. (4) crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons. Ignition systems of piston engines are (a) dependant on the DC-Generator. (b) dependant on the AC-Generator. (c) independent from the electrical system of the aircraft (4) dependant on the battery. On four-stroke piston engines, the theoretical valve and ignition settings are readjusted in order to increase the: (2) compression ratio (b) piston displacement (0) engine RPM (d) overall efficiency Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Foodback paper 4 Q38. 39, ao. at. a2. 43. 244. In a four-stroke piston engine, the only “driving” stroke is : (a) intake {b) compression (c) exhaust (@)___firing-expansion In a piston engine if the ratio of air to fuel, by weight, is approximately 9:1, the mixture is said to be : (@) rich (b) weak (c) too Weak to support combustion (4) normal To ensure that the fuel flow is kept directly proportional to the volume of air flowing through the choke, thus preventing the main jet supplying excessive fuel as engine speed is increased, a carburettor is fitted with : (2) adiffuser (b) a powerjet (©) an accelerator pump (d) a mixture control The oil system for a piston engine incorporates an oil cooler that is fitted : (2) _ between the oil tank and the pressure pump (b) after the pressure pump but before the oil passes through the engine (©) after the oll has passed through the engine and before it enters the sump (d) inthe return tine to the oil tank after the oil has passed through the ‘scavenge pump When leaning the mixture for the most economic cruise fuel flow, excessive eaning will cause : (a) tow cylinder head and exhaust gas temperature (b) high manifold pressure (©) high cylinder head and exhaust gas temperature (2) high engine rpm For internal cooling, reciprocating engines are especially dependent on: (2) a property functioning thermostat (b) lean fueVair mixture () the circulation of lubricating oil (2) atich fuelair mixture The positions of the intake and exhaust valve at the end of the power stroke are (2) exhaust valve closed and intake valve open. (b) intake valve closed and exhaust valve open. (c) both valves open. (d) both valves closed. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 ase. az. ass. ag, 50 ast. ‘The main purpose of the mixture control is to: (2) _adjust the fuel flow to obtain the proper fuel/air ratio (b) decrease the air supplied to the engine () increase the oxygen supplied to the en (6) decrease oxygen supplied to the engine In which sections of the carburettor would icing most likely occur? (a) main air bleed and main discharge nozzle (b) venturi and the throttle valve (c) float chamber and fuel infet filter () accelerator pump and main metering jet ‘The operating principle of float-type carburettors is based on the: (2) automatic metering of air at the venturi as the aircraft gains altitude (©) _ increase in air velocity in the throat of a venturi causing an increase in air pressure (©) measurement of the fuel flow into the induction system (4) difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet we] In an engine equipped with a float-type carburettor, the low temperature that causes carburettor ice is normally the result of: (2) compression of air at the carburettor venturi (b) low volatility of aviation fuel (c) vaporization of fuel and expansion of the air in the carburettor (4) freezing temperature of the air entering the carburettor wi heat? statement is true concerning the effect of the appl n of carburettor (@) __itreduces the volume of air entering the carburettor, thus leaning the fueVair mixture () _itreduces the density of air entering the carburettor, thus leaning the fueVair mixture (0) __itreduces the volume of air entering the carburettor, thus enriching the 7 fuel/air mixture (d)__itreduces the density of air entering the carburettor, thus enriching the fuel/air mixture Fuel/air ratio is the ratio between the: (2) _mass of fuel and mass of air entering the cylinder. () volume of fuel and volume of air entering the carburettor. (c) volume of fuel and volume of air entering the cylinder. (d) mass of fuel and mass of air entering the carburettor ‘Vapour lock is (a) vaporizing of fuel in the carburettor (b) the inability of a fuel to vaporize in the carburettor (c) vaporizing of fuel prior to reaching the carburettor (a) the formation of water vapour in a fuel system Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Know! .dge Feedb: ick pay 52. 83. 054. 255. as7. ass. In addition to the fire hazard introduced, excessive priming should be avoided because (a) _itdrains the carburettor float chamber (b) the gasoline dilutes the oil and necessitates changing oil (c)__itwashes the lubricant of cylinder walls. (d) _ it fouls the spark plugs The primary purpose of a supercharger is to : (a) __ provide leaner mixtures at altitudes below 5000 ft (b) provide a richer mixture at high altitudes (©) maintain power at altitude (@) increase quantity of fuel at metering jet ‘An excessively rich mixture can be detected by : (a) black smioke from exhaust. (b) high cylinder head temperatures (c) white smoke from exhaust. (d) a tong purple flame from exhaust. Pre \n refers to the condition that may arise when : (a) the mixture is ignited before the piston has reached top dead centre. (b) a rich mixture is ignited by the sparking plugs (c) the sparking plug ignites the mixture too early. (4) the mixture is ignited by abnormal conditions within the cylinder before the spark occurs at the plug ston engine compression ratio is the ratio of the : (a) swept volume to the clearance volume. (b) total volume to the clearance volume. (c) clearance volume to the swept volume. (d) total volume to the swept volume 19 of a piston engine is likely to result from an excessively : (a) low barometric pressure. (b) high barometric pressure. (ec) weak mixture. (@) rich mixture. ‘The maximum horsepower output which can be obtained from an engine when itis operated at specified rpm and manifold pressure conditions established as safe for continuous operation is termed : (a) maximum power. (b) take-off power. (©) critical power. (d) rated power. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback 59. Q60. 61. 262. 263, 65. A fuel strainer when fitted to a carburettor ill be positic (2) upstream of the needle valve (b) between the needle valve and the metering jet. (c) between the metering jet and the discharge nozzle. (4) downstream of the discharge nozzle. The working cycle of a four-stroke engine is : (2) compression induction, power, exhaust (b) induction, compression, expansion, power. (c) induction, compression, power, exhaust. () induction, power, compression, exhaust. Specific fuel consumption is defined as the (2) maximum fuel consumption of the aircraft (b) mass of fuel required to produce unit power for unit time. (©) designed fuel consumption for a given rpm. (4) quantity of fuel required to run the engine for one minute at maximum operating conditions. Ina piston engine, the purpose of an altitude mixture control is to (2) _ prevent a weak cut when the throttle is opened rapidly at altitude. (b) weaken the mixture strength because of reduced exhaust back Pressure at altitud (c) enrich the mixture strength due to decreased air density at altitude. (4) correct for variations in the fuel/air ratio due to decreased air density at altitude, The purpose of an ignition switch is to (a) control the primary circuit of the magneto (b) connect the secondary coil to the distributor {c) connect the battery to the magneto (a) connect the contact breaker and coridenser in series with the primary coil Under normal running conditions a magneto draws primary current (a) from the booster coil (b) directly from the aircraft batteries. (c) from the aircraft batteries via an inverter. (d) from a self-contained electro-magnetic induction system, (On a normally aspirated aero-engine fitted with a fixed pitch propeller: (2) ina descent ata fixed throttle setting manifold pressure will always remain constant. (b) manifold pressure decreases as the aircraft climbs at a fixed throttle setting. (c) the propeller setting is constant at all indicated airspeeds. (d) in level fight, manifold pressure will remain constant when the rpm is increased by opening the throttle. Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 > 3 66. ag7. 68. 69. aro. an 72. The air in a piston engine turbo-supercharger centrifugal compressor: (a) enters at the periphery and leaves via the eye of the impeller. (b) enters at a tangent to the rotor and leaves via the stator. () enters the eye of the impeller and leaves at a tangent to the periphery. (d) enters via the diffuser and is fed to the impeller at the optimum angle of attack Ina piston engine, turbocharger boost pressure may be monitored by: (a) both a CHT gauge and manifold pressure gauge. (b) both engine rpm readings and a manifold pressure gauge. (c) a manifold pressure gauge only. (4) a cylinder head temperature gauge (CHT), a manifold pressure gauge, and engine rpm readings. The purpose of the venturi in a carburettor is to: (2) ensure complete atomisation of the fuel before entering the induction system. (b) create a rise in pressure at the throat before the mixture enters the induction system. () create the depression necessary to cause fuel to flow through the carburettor jets, () prevent enrichment of the mixture due to high air velocity through the carburettor. The mixture control for a carburettor achieves its control by: (2) moving the butterfly valve through a separate linkage to the main throttle control. (b) altering the depression on the main discharge tube, (©) varying the air supply to the main discharge tube. (2) varying the fuel supply to the main discharge tube. The purpose of a distributor in an ignition system is to distribute: (a) primary current to the sparking plugs. (b) secondary current to the sparking plugs. (c) _ primary current to the condenser. (@) secondary current to the condenser. The very rapid magnetic field changes (flux) around the primary coil in a magneto are accomplished by the: (a) contact breaker points closing. (b) rotor turning past the position of maximum flux in the armature. () contact breaker points opening. (@) distributor arm aligning with one of the high tension segments. The reading on the oil pressure gauge is the: (2) pressure in the oil tank reservoir. (b) pressure of the oil on the inlet side of the pressure pump. (c) pressure of the oil on the outlet side of the pressure pump. (d) difference between the pressure pump pressure and the scavenge pump pressure. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paj Q73. a7. 75. ave. 77. ave. a79. A turbocharger system is normally driven by: (a) (b) (c) (a) an electrically activated hydraulically powered clutch. the exhaust system, an electric motor. an hydraulic motor. A turbocharger consists of a : (a) (b) (c) (a) ‘compressor and turbine on individual shafts compressor driving a turbine via a reduction gear. turbine driving a compressor via a reduction gear. ‘compressor and turbine mounted on a common shaft. ‘An impulse coupling does not function at such speeds above those encountered in starting. Its engaging pawis are prevented from operating at higher speeds by ~ (a) centrifugal force a (b) engine oil pressure (©) acoll spring (a) electro-magnetic action of operating magneto. An aircraft magneto is switched off by (a) grounding the secondary circuit. (b) grounding the primary circuit (©) opening the primary circuit (6) opening the secondary circuit ‘Spark timing is related to engine speed in the way that the: (2) faster the engine functions, the more the spark is advanced (b) slower the engine functions, the more the spark is advanced (c) faster the engine functions, the further past TDC the spark occurs (@) faster the engine functions, the more retarded the spark is. A condenser in parallel with breaker points will - (a) (b) (c) (a) permit arcing across points assist in negative feedback to secondary coil assist in collapse of secondary winding, intensify current in secondary winding ‘An impulse magneto coupling (a) (b) (c) (a) advances ignition timing and gives a hotter spark at starting gives an automatic spark increase during high speed operation. gives a retarded spark at starting reduces magneto speed during engine warm-up Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 aso. 81. 82. 083. ass, 285. Bristol Groundschool If an engine fails to stop with the magneto switch in OFF position, the cause may be (a) defective condenser (b) fouled spark plugs (c) excessive carbon formation in cylinder head. (¢) switch wire grounded Ifthe ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes isconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine (a) cannot be started with the switch in the ON position (b) cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF po: (c) will not operate at the left magneto (4) _ will not operate at the right magneto iont ‘An impulse coupling used on a magneto for a piston engine is for (@) advancing ignition timing (b) quick removal and installation (c) absorbing starting loads (d) providing a retarded spark for engine starting. Low oil pressure is sometimes the result of a (a) worn oil pump. (b) too large oil pump (©) restricted oil passage () too small scavenger pump. During a power change on an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller, a wrong combination of manifold pressure and RPM values results in excessive pressures in the cylinders. This is the case when one simultaneously selects a... (2) high manifold pressure and high RPM. (b) low manifold pressure and low RPM. () high manifold pressure and low RPM. ° (4) low manifold pressure and high RPM. When the magneto selector switch is set to "OFF" position, the piston en: continues to run normally. The most probable cause of this failure is that: (a) Awire from the magneto is in contact with a metallic part of the engine. (b) There are local hot points in the engine (probably due to overheating of the cylinder heads). (©) Ona magneto, a grounding wire is broken. (d) There is a carbon deposit on the spark plugs electrodes. Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 86. 87. 28s. 089. ago, 91. ‘Bristol Groundschool On a normally aspirated engine (non turbo-charged), the manifold pressure gauge always indicates. (@) __avalue equal to the QFE when the engine is at full power on the ground. (b) a lower value than atmospheric pressure when the engine is running. (c) greater value than atmospheric pressure when the engine is running, (d) zero on the ground when the engine is stopped. The richness of a fuel/air mixture ratio is the (a) mass of fuel relative to the volume of air. (b) volume of fuel relative to the volume of air. (c) volume of fuel relative to the mass of the volume of air. (4) __ real mixture ratio relative to the theoretical ratio. In very cold weather, the pilot notices during startup, a slightly higher than normal oil pressure, This higher pressure : (2) _ is normal, if it decreases after startup. (>) is abnormal and requires the engine to be shut down. (c) _is abnormal but does not require the engine to be shut down. (d)__ requires an oil change. piston engine may use a fuel of a different grade than the recommended: (2) provided that the grad (b) never (C) provided that itis an aeronautical petrol (¢) provided that the grade is higher lower With a piston engine, when detonation is recognised, you: (a) Reduce manifold pressure and enrich the mixture (b) Reduce manifold pressure and lean the mixture (©) Increase manifold pressure and enrich the mixture (4) _ Increase manifold pressure and lean the mixture ‘Spark plug fouling is more likely to happen if : (a) the aircraft descends without a mixture adjustment. (b) powers increased too abruptly. (©) _ the engine runs at the authorized maximum continuous power for too long. (d) the aircraft climbs without mixture adjustment. Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q92. Ina piston engine, magnetos are used to produce the spark which ignites the fuel/air mixture. The operating principle of magnetos consists in: (2) accumulating in a condenser a low volt current from the battery, reconstitute it as high voltage current at the moment the spark is generated, (b) creating a brief high intensity magnetic field which will be sent through the distributor at the appropriate time. (©) _ breaking the primary current in order to induce a low amp high volt current which is distributed to the spark plugs. (@) obtaining a high amp tow volt current in order to generate the spark. Q93. Fora piston engine, the ideal fuel/air mixture corresponding to a richness of 1 is obtained for a weight ratio of: (a) 1/9th (bo) 4/t0th (©) 12th @) 415th Q94, The global output of a piston engine is of: (global output = Thermal energy corresponding to the available shaft/power over the total thermal energy produced). (a) 0.50 (>) 0.75 (©) 0.90 () 0.30 Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 we er Chapter 14 - Engines (AWG HECHED! Chapter 15 - Piston Engines ABCD ABCD ABCD 1 33 65 2 34 66 3 36 67 4 36 68 5 37 69 6 38 70 7 39 nm 8 40 | 72 9 | at | 73 10 | 42 74 " 43 75 12 44 76 13 45 CI 77 14 46 78 16 47 79 16 48 80 7 4 [| 81 18 sof |_| 83 19 si || [ a3 || 52 84 53 85 54 86 7 55 87 56 as | | 25 87 89 26 58 90 | a 59 a1 | 28 60 92 | 29 61 93 | 30 62 4 | 31 63 32 64 Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 iv) Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Chapter 16 - Gas Turbine Engines at 2. a3. 4. as. In a compressor stage of a jet engine, the sequence is: (a) stator stator - rotor (b) rotor - stator (c) _stator- rotor () rotor - rotor - stator Taking practical design considerations into account, which one of the following arrangements of gas turbine engine is most likely to produce the greatest increase in pressure within the compressor section? (a) Twin spo! axial flow. (b) Double entry single stage centrifugal. (c) Single spool axial low. () Single spool axial flow contra-rotating prop-fan. ‘The compressor surge effect during acceleration is prevented by the : (a) inlet guide vanes. (>) _ surge bleed valves. (c) variable setting type nozzle guide vanes. (@) Fuel Control Unit (F.C.U.) ‘The accessory units driven by the accessory gearbox of a turbo-jet engine are the: tacho-generator N1 tacho-generator N2 thrust reverser pneumatic motors AC generator and its Constant Speed Unit (CSD) oil pumps. hydraulic pumps high pressure fuel pumps NOMEN The combination regrouping all the correct statements is (a) 2,3,4,5,6,7. b) 2,4,5,6. ©) 4,5,6,7. @)—1,4,5,6,7. The normal requirements of a gas turbine starting system, using an electric starter motor are: (a) high energy ignition, direct current motor producing a high torque. (b) high energy ignition, alternating current motor producing a low torque. (c) low energy ignition, direct current motor producing a low torque. (d) low energy ignition, alternating current motor producing a high torque. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 a6. a7. 28. ae, ato. att The fan in a high by-pass ratio turbo-jet engine produces: (a) none of the thrust. (b) the greater part of the thrust. (c) _ halfthe thrust. (4) the lesser part of the thrust The oil system that is used in a gas turbine engine which has high bearing chamber pressures is: (2) the pressure relief valve system only. (b) the total loss (expendable) system only. (c) the full flow system only. (d) either the full flow system, the pressure relief valve system or the total loss system, which are all acceptable alternatives. In a gas turbine engine, the power changes are normally made by controlling the amount of: (2) air entering the compressor and fuel entering the combustion chambers. (6) fuel supplied. (©) airentering the compressor. (@) _airleaving the compressor by the opening or closing of bleed valves. By-pass ratio in a turbine engine is the ratio of the: (a) cold stream air to the hot stream air. (b) speed of the combusted air to the speed of the by-pass air. (c) _intake air pressure to the turbine delivery air pressure. (d)__ tertiary air to the primary ai ‘The primary purpose of the bleed valves fitted to axial flow compressors is to: (@) enable an extemal air supply to spin up the compressor for engine starting, (©) spill compressor air should the engine overspeed thus controlling the speed. () reduce the likelihood of compressor stall () control the acceleration time of the engine. In addition to fire detention/protection, most auxiliary power units (APUs) have automatic controls for stating, stopping and maintaining operation within safe limits. These controls provide correct sequencing of the starting cycle as well as protection against : (a) high TGT only. (b) high turbine gas temperature (TGT), overspeed, loss of oil pressure and high oil temperature. (©) high TGT and loss of oil pressure only. (4) overspeed and high oll temperature only. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 5 a2. arg. a1. ats. ate. iz. In a gas turbine engine, the power changes are normally made by controlling the amount of: @ air entering the compressor. fuel sup} air entering the compfessor and fuel entering the combustion chambers. air leaving the compressor by the opening or closing of bleed valves, ‘A “hung start” is the failure of an engine to accelerate to its normal idle speed. It may be caused by: (a) (b) (c) (d) an attempt to ignite the fuel before the engine has been accelerated sufficiently by the starter. ‘compressor surging. the starter cutting out early in the starting sequence before the engine has accelerated to the required rpm for ignition. failure of the fuel to ignite in the starting sequence after the engine has been accelerated to the required rpm by the starter. Ina free turbine engine: (a) (b) (c) (a) the compressor and power output shaft are mechanically connected. there is no mechanical connection between the compressor and the power output shaft. its shaft may be connected to either a compressor or another turbine. the air enters the compressor via the input turbine. Severe compressor stall would be indicated by: (a) (b) (c) (d) a rise in turbine gas temperature (TGT) and a change in vibration level. an increase in engine pressure ratio (EPR) and a decrease in TGT and fuel flow. a decrease in TGT and a change in vibration level. a rise in TGT and an increase in fuel flow. ‘At constant fuel flow, if engine compressor air is bled off for engine anti-icing or a similar system, the turbine temperature: (a) (b) (©) (a) may rise or fall depending on which stage of the compressor is used for the bleed and the rpm of the engine at the moment of selection. will fall will rise. will be unchanged, A reverse thrust door warning light on the flight deck instrument panel illuminates when: (a) (b) (c) (d) the reverser doors are locked. reverse has been selected but the doors have remained locked. the reverser doors have moved to the reverse thrust position. the reverser doors are unlocked. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 are. arg. 20. 21. 22 23, In the axial flow compressor of a turbo-jet engine, the flow duct is tapered. Its shape is calculated so as to: (a) (b) (©) (a) reduce the axial speed in cruising flight. reduce the axial speed, whatever the engine rating, maintain a constant axial speed in cruising fight. maintain a constant axial speed whatever the engine rating, In the stator of a turbine, the speed V and static pressure Ps vary as follows: (a) (b) (c) () V decreases, Ps decreases. V increases, Ps decreases. V decreases, Ps increases, \V increases, Ps increases. On the ground, the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) can be substituted for the: (a) (b) (c) (a) f ‘ground power unit, the starting system, the air conditioning unit. ground power unit, the air conditioning unit. ground power unit, the starting system. ground power unit. The Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR) is the ratio of: (a) (b) (c) (d) the total turbine outlet pressure to the total compressor outlet pressure. the total turbine inlet pressure to the total compressor the total turbine outlet pressure to the total compressor inlet pressure, let pressure. the total turbine inlet pressure to the total compressor outlet pressure. ‘An impulse turbine is a turbine in which the expansion takes place: (a) (b) (c) (d) fully in the rotor. in the stator and in the rotor. in order to produce a degree of jet propulsion < 1/2. fully in the stator. The primary reason for a limitation being imposed on the temperature of gas flow is to : (a) (b) (©) @) prevent damage to the jet pipe from overheating, prevent overheating and subsequent creep of the nozzle guide vanes. ensure that the maximum acceptable temperature within the combustion chamber is not exceeded. ensure that the ma» is not exceeded. 1um acceptable temperature at the turbine blades Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q24. Consider a jet engine whose control is based on the Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR): 1. with a constant EPR, the thrust decreases when the altitude increases. 2. with a constant EPR, the thrust is independent of the Mach number 3. At same environmental conditions, a given EPR setting maintains the thrust irrespective of engine wear due to ageing. 4, the EPR is determined by the impact pressure difference between the turbine outlet and the compressor inlet 5. ontake-off, in the event of icing not detected by the crew, the indicated EPR is lower than the real EPR ‘The combination regrouping all the correct statements is Q25. A shroud is fitted to the blades of a turbine in order to: (2) increase turbine efficiency... (6) provide a seal for the cooling airflow. () prevent blade creep. (4) reduce turbine temperatures. Q26, Ina gas turbine engine, compressor blades, which are not rigidly fixed in position when the engine is stationary, take up a rigid position when the engine is running due to (a) oil pressure. (b) thermal expansion. (©) _ blade creep. ()__ the resultant of aerodynamic and centrifugal forces. Q27. fair is tapped from a gas turbine HP compressor, the effect on the engine pressure ratio (EPR) and the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is that : (a) _ both EPR and EGT decrease. (b) EPR decreases and EGT remains constant. (©) _ EPR decreases and EGT increases. (6) EPR remains constant and EGT increases. Q28. The primary purpose of the bleed valves fitted to axial flow compressors is to : (a) control the acceleration time of the engine. (b) spill compressor air should the engine overspeed thus controlling the speed. (©) enable an external air supply to spin up the compressor for engine starting. (4) reduce the likelihood of compressor stall. Bristol Groundschoo! Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 29. Q30. Q31. 32, 233. 034, Ina gas turbine engine, the maximum gas temperature is attained: (a) within the combustion chamber. (b) across the turbine. (c) inthe cooling airflow around the flame tube, (4) atthe entry to the exhaust unit. Turbine blade stages may be classed as either "impulse" or "reaction". In an impulse blade section (2) the pressure rises across the nozzle guide vanes and remains constant across the rotor blades . (b) the pressure remains constant across the nozzle guide vanes and drops across the rotor blades . (©) the pressure remains constant across the nozzle guide vanes and rises constant across the rotor blades . (d) the pressure drops across the nozzle guide vanes and remains constant across the rotor blades . In a jet engine the propelling nozzle: (a) must be designed to obtain the correct balance of pressure, temperature and thrust. (b) is fitted immediately behind the turbine. () directs the hot gas stream onto the turbine at the optimum angle of attack. (4) decreases the velocity and increases the pressure in the jet pipe to provide greater thrust. After air has passed through the compressor of a gas turbine engine the: (a) velocity will be higher than the inlet velocity, (b) pressure will be the same as the inlet pressure. (c) temperature will be higher than the inlet temperature. (d) velocity will be the same as the inlet velocity. The purpose of the blow-in-doors at the air inlets is to: (2) _ serve to increase the relative velocity at the first compressor stage. (©) _ provide the engine with additional air at high power settings and low air speeds. (©) provide the engine with additional air at high power settings at cruising speed. (d) feed cooling air to the engine cowling, An engine pressure ratio (EPR) gauge reading normally shows the ratio of: (a) _ compressor outlet pressure to compressor inlet pressure. (b) jet pipe pressure to compressor inlet pressure. (©) __ jet pipe pressure to combustion chamber pressure. ()__“ combustion chamber pressure to compressor inlet pressure. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 035. 236. 37. 38. Q39. ao. aa (On a high by-pass ratio (fan) engine, due to the distribution of the thrust, i normal for reverse thrust to be achieved by reversing: (a) only the direction of the fan airflow. (b) only the direction of the exhaust gas flow. (c) the direction of rotation of the fan. (d) the direction of both the exhaust gas flow (hot stream) and the fan airflow (cold stream) ‘A gas turbine engine turbine section may employ active clearance control: (a) order to cool the disc. (b) order to reduce "creep" in the blades. (©) as a method of attaching the stators and rotors to the hub of the disc. (4) to provide enhanced clearances between the blade tips and the casing. Concerning the centrifugal compressor, the compressor diffuser is a device in which the: (@) velocity rises and pressure falls. (b) pressure rises and velocity falls. . (c) pressure rises at a constant velocity. (d) velocity, pressure and temperature rise. In the flow of air through a single-spoo! axial flow turbo-jet engine, at which one of the following positions will the axial velocity of the air be greatest? (a) Onexit from the propelling nozzle. (b) sit leaves the compressor. (c) Within the combustion chamber. (4) Asit leaves the turbine. ‘A “fan" stage of a ducted-fan turbine engine is driven by: (a) __ the high pressure compressor through reduction gearing, (b) the high pressure turbine. (©) airflow drawn across it by the high pressure compressor. (4) __ the low pressure turbine, Ina single spool gas turbine engine, the compressor rpm is. (a) the same as turbine rpm. (b) independent of turbine rpm. (c) greater than turbine rpm. (4) less than turbine rpm. ‘When the combustion gases pass through a turbine the : (@) pressure rises. (b) velocity decreases. (c) pressure drops. (@) temperature increases. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 42, Fora turbine engine, the term self-sustaining speed relates to the speed at which the engine : (a) will run without any extemal assistance. (b) is designed to idle after starting, (c) operates most efficiently in the cruise... (d) _will enable the generators to supply bus-bar voltage. 43. A stage in an axial compressor: (a) __ is made of row of stator blades followed by a rotor disc (b) has a compression ration in the order of 0.8 (©) __ is made of a rotor disc followed by a row of stator blades (4) __has a compression ratio in the order of 2.1 Q44, Fora fan jet engine, the by-pass ratio is the: (2) external airflow mass divided by the intemal airflow mass % (b) internal airflow mass divided by the external airflow mass ad (©) intemal airflow mass divided by the fuel flow mass (@) fuel flow mass divided by the internal airfiow mass Q45. Ina turbo-jet, the purpose of the turbine is to ... (@) compress the air in order to provide a better charge of the combustion chamber (b) drive devices like pumps, regulator, generator. (c) drive the compressor by using part of the energy from the exhaust gases (4) clear the burnt gases, the expansion of which provide the thrust Q46. The thrust reversers of jet engines may use clamshell doors in order to: (2) stop the flow of the exhaust gas stream. (b) change the direction of the exhaust gas stream. (©) reduce the pressure of the exhaust gas stream by diffusing it to atmosphere. » (4) absorb any surge in engine thrust. 3 Q47. The disadvantages of axial flow compressors compared to centrifugal flow compressors are : 1. expensive to manufacture 2. limited airflow 3. greater vulnerability to foreign object damage 4. limited compression ratio The combination of correct answers is : (a) 2-3 (b) 2-4 (©) 1-3 (6) 1-2 Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 aus. Q50. 51. 052. 53. Using compressor bleed air to power systems: (a) _ has no influence on aircraft performance (b) increases aircraft performance (©) _is limited to the phases of take-off and landing (a) decreases aircraft performance The output from an engine vibration transducer (2) always filtered to remove unwanted frequencies. (b) inversely proportional to engine speed. (c) directly proportional to engine speed. (d) ed directly to the indicator in the cockpit without amplification or filtering. From the cruise, with all the parameters correctly set, if the altitude is reduced, to maintain the same mixture the fuel flow should: (2) remain the same (b) increase or decrease, depending on the engine type (c) _ increase (@) decrease (Use Annex A to answer this question) The gas turbine illustrated is of the following type: (a) free turbine and centrifugal compressor (b) free turbine and axial compressor (c) single shaft turbine and centrifugal compressor (d) single shaft turbine and axial compressor Creep of turbine blades is caused by: (a) prolonged idling at low rpm. (b) application of heat whilst under centrifugal loading. (c) _ bending stresses set up by gas pressure. (d) static imbalance of the blades. Ina three spool turbofan engine, the fan is driven by: (a) the intermediate turbine. (b) the foremost turbine. (©) _allthree turbines since they are on a common shaft with the compressor. (4) the rearmost turbine. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q54, The control of free turbine engines on turboprops, is accomplished by: propeller control lever used to select: 1. propeller RPM 2. turbine temperature 3. turbine RPM a fuel control lever used to select: 4. propeller RPM 5. torque 6. turbine temperature ‘The combination which regroups all of the correct statements is : (a) 3-4-6 (b) 2-4-5 (©) 1-5-6 @) 1-3-5 Q55. The primary reason for a limitation being imposed on the temperature of the gas flow is to: (@) ensure that the maximum acceptable temperature at the turbine blades is not exceeded. (©) ensure that the maximum acceptable temperature within the combustion chamber is not exceeded, (c) prevent overheating and subsequent creep of the nozzle guide vanes. (@) prevent damage to the jet pipe from overheating, Q56. The thrust of a turbo-et, at the selection of full power : 1, equals the product of the exhaust gas mass flow and the exhaust gas velocity 2. _ is obtained by pressure of the exhaust gas on the ambient air 3. __ Is equivalent to zero mechanical power since the aeroplane is not moving 4, is independent of the outside air temperature (a) 4 (b) 1-3 (0) 1-2 () 2-3 Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 37. ass. ass. 60. 61. 62 The use of igniters is necessary on a turbo-j throughout the operating range of the engine for accelerations for ground starts for in-fight relights during turbulence in flight under heavy precipitation or in icing conditions Oasens The combination which regroups all of the correct statement: ‘An engine pressure ratio (EPR) gauge reading is normally that of: (2) _ jet pipe pressure to compressor inlet pressure. (b) jet pipe pressure to combustion chamber pressure. (c) combustion chamber pressure to compressor inlet pressure. (@) compressor outlet pressure to compressor inlet pressure. The efficiency of a gas turbine engine will increase with: (2) increase in ambient air temperature. (b) decrease in ambient air temperature. (c) decrease in ambient air pressure. (a) increase in humidity Ina divergent duct the: (a) pressure decreases, velocity increases and temperature increases. (b) pressure increases, velocity decreases and temperature decreases. () pressure increases, velocity decreases and temperature increases. (d) _ pressure decreases, velocity increases and temperature decreases. A “hung start" is the failure of an engine to accelerate to its normal idle speed. Itmay be caused by: (a) _an.attempt to ignite the fuel before the engine has been accelerated sufficiently by the starter. (b) compressor surging. (©) _ the starter cutting out earty in the starting sequence before the engine has accelerated to the required rpm for ignition. (4) failure of the fuel to ignite in the starting sequence after the engine has been accelerated to the required rpm by the starter. An aircraft flying in conditions of continuous heavy rain and high ambient temperatures may require the precautionary use of: (a) airframe de-icing only. (b) engine intake ant-icing only. (c) both engine intake anti-icing and airframe de-icing. (d) engine igniters. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 63. 64. 6s. 266, 67 a6. Turbine blade stages may be classed as either "impulse" or "reaction’. In an impulse blade section the pressure (i) ....... across the nozzle guide vanes and across the rotor blades: (@) (irises (li) remains constant (b) remains constant (ji) drops (©) (i) drops (ii) remains constant (@) (i remains constant (li) rises Where several thermocouples are used in a jet pipe to detect turbine gas temperature: (a) the thermocouples are connected in series. (b) the thermocouples are connected in parallel, (c) the thermocouples are connected in series-parallel. (4) each thermocouple has its own independent circuit. Ina gas turbine engine, compressor blades which are not rigidly fixed in es) Position when the engine is stationary take up a rigid position when the engine is running due to: (2) the resultant of aerodynamic and centrifugal forces. (b) blade creep. (©) oil pressure. (4) thermal expansion The by-pass air in a by-pass type gas turbine engine promotes lower specific fuel consumption by causing an overall (a) decrease in combustion chamber temperature and higher thermal efficiency. (b) decrease in gas flow velocity and higher propulsive efficiency. (©) increase in gas flow velocity thus increasing engine pressure ratio. (d) __ increase in the mean jet temperature and increase in thermal efficiency. If engine compressor air is bled off for engine anti-icing or a simitar system, the turbine temperature: (a) -will be unchanged. (b) —willrise (©) may rise or fall depending on which stage of the compressor is used for the bleed and the rpm of the engine at the moment of selection. () will fal The purpose of compressor bleed valves is to: (a) limit the acceleration period of the engine. (©) increase the airflow across the rear compressor stages, whilst that across the early stages is decreased (©) decrease the load on the compressor when the engine is approaching maximum rpm. {d) decrease the airflow across the rear compressor stages, whilst that across the early stages is increased. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 69, Q70. an ava 73. a7, Q75. High engine oil temperature may be caused by: (a) _ blocked air passages in an air-cooled oil cooler. (b) anil cooler by-pass valve stuck in the closed position, (c) __ high gas temperature. (d) failure of a chip detector. In a gas turbine engine, the maximum gas temperature is attained: (2) across the turbine. (b) inthe cooling airflow around the flame tube. (©) within the combustion chamber. (d) atthe entry to the exhaust unit. In a gas turbine engine fuel system, the purpose of a barometric capsule assembly in the pressure control unit is to control the flow rate from the pump nto: (2) compressor outlet air pressure. (b) forward speed and ambient air pressure. (c) engine rpm. (4) fuel temperature and ambient air temperature. To achieve reverse thrust on a "big fan" turbine engine, it is necessary to: (a) stop the fan. (b) reverse the direction of rotation of the fan. (c)_ deffect the fan thrust. (8) reduce the flow of hot stream air. In a free turbine engine: (a) _ its shaft may be connected to either a compressor or another turbine. (b) __ the air enters the compressor via the input turbine. (c) the compressor and power output shaft are mechanically connected. (2) __ there is no mechanical connection between the compressor and the power output shaft. At passing through a divergent duct: (a) _ increases in velocity and decreases in pressure. (b) decreases in pressure and velocity. (c) decreases in velocity and increases in pressure (d) increases in pressure and velocity. ‘When air is compressed the: (2) density will increase and the temperature will decrease. (b) temperature will increase and the density will decrease. () pressure will increase and the density will decrease. (d) density and temperature will both increase. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q76. An aircraft fitted with an Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM) system has two CRT type displays. These displays: (2) are mounted side by side; the left-hand screen depicts information in a checklist format and the right-hand screen in a pictorial format. (6) are mounted side by side; in flight the right hand screen is blank in normal flight activating only when a warning phase occurs. (©) are presented as upper and lower screens showing primary and secondary engine parameters in fight under normal operating conditions. (4) _ have four automatically selected modes, the flight phase related mode taking precedence over the other three modes. Q77. An aircraft with twin-spool gas turbine engines (N1 the low pressure spool, N2 the high pressure spool) is fitted with a CRT type engine indicating and crew alerting system (EICAS). In addition to engine pressure ratio (EPR) the primary engine parameters displayed by the upper unit would be: (2) N14, N2 and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). (b) Nt and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). (c) exhaust gas temperature (EGT), fuel flow (FF) and engine vibration (viB). . (4) N2, fuel flow (FF) and oil pressure. Q78. In the exhaust system of a high by-pass ratio engine, the hot stream gases and cold stream airflow: (2) are always combined in a mixer unit downstream of the turbine in a manner which ensures thorough mixing of the two streams prior to ‘exhaust through a common nozzle. (b) are thoroughly mixed prior to entry to the turbine and exhausted through a common nozzle. (©) __ may either be partially mixed within an integrated nozzle before ejection to atmosphere or kept apart and exhausted through separate co-axial nozzles. (4) are always exhausted through separate co-axial nozzles. Q79. An annular combustion chamber, when compared to a tubo-annular (can- annular) combustion system of the same power output: (2) eliminates combustion problems from chamber to chamber but requires considerably more cooling air to prevent burning of the flame tube wall () requires a longer and therefore heavier combustion chamber but has a higher combustion efficiency. (©) weighs more and has a lower combustion efficiency. () weighs considerably less and has a higher combustion efficiency. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q80. On an aircraft fitted with an Engi {EICAS) the "status mode’: 1¢ Indicating and Crew Alerting System (a) _ is manually selected and displays information on the lower EICAS. sereen. (b) provides information to engineers in different display formats to aid them in trouble shooting and testing of the major sub-systems. (©) automatically provides information on the upper EICAS screen of the status of a system following an in flight failure. (2) displays primary and secondary information of engine parameters on ‘one screen following a failure of the other screen. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback pai Annex A Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Chapter 16 - Gas Turbine Engines A BcoD AB cD ABCD 1[ 36 nd 2 | 37 72 3 38 73 4 | 39 74, 5 40 7 6 a 76 | 7 42 7 8 43 78 9 44 79 10 45 80 I " 46 12 47 13 48 14 49 18 50 16 51 17 52 18 53 19 i 54 20 55 a 56 i 22 57 [ 23 58 24 59 25 60 26 61 27 62 28 63 29 64 30 65 a | 66 32 | 67 33 “Ty 68 34 69 36 70 rtd istol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Fes dback paper 4 w ue Chapter 17 - Propellers at. a2. a3. Qs. 26. The feathering pump of a hydraulic variable-pitch propeller: (@) isan electrically driven oil pump, which supplies the propeller with pressure oil, when the engine is inoperative, (b) is intended to control the pitch setting of the propeller during fight in order to obtain a constant speed. (c) _ controls the propeller, if the speed governor fails. (@) is driven by the engine and supplies pressure oil to the propeller in case of engine problems. When changing power on engines equipped with constant-speed propeller, engine overload is avoided by : (2) reducing the RPM before reducing the manifold pressure. (b) increasing the manifold pressure before increasing the RPM. (C) increasing the RPM before increasing the manifold pressure. (d) adjusting Fuel Flow before the manifold pressure. The pitch angle of a constant-speed propeller (a) increases with increasing true air speed. (b) only varies with engine RPM. (c) decreases with increasing true air speed. (d) is independent of the true air speed. A propeller blade is twisted, so as to (2) avoid the appearance of sonic phenomena. (b) decrease the blade tangential velocity from the blade root to the tip. (c) allow a higher mechanical stress. (4) keep the local Angle of Attack constant along the blade. pilot normally uses the propeller autofeather system during : (a) Cruise. (b) Take-off. (©) Landing. (4) Take-off and landing. ‘When increasing true airspeed with a constant engine RPM, the angle of attack of a fixed pitch propeller (a) reduces. (b) increases. (c) stays constant. (d) stays constant because it only varies with engine RPM. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft Genoral Knowledge Feedback paper 4 a7. a8. a9. 10. ant 12. a3. When TAS increases, the pitch angle of a constant speed propeller (RPM and MAP levers are not moved) : (a) stays constant. (b) increases. () reduces. (d) first reduces and after a short time increases to its previous value. ‘The main advantage of a constant speed propeller as compared to a fixed pitch propeller is a: (2) higher efficiency in all operating ranges. (b) constant efficiency in all operating ranges. (c) lower propeller blade stress. (d) higher efficiency in cruising range. To unfeather a propeller during fight you have to : (a) gain speed for aerodynamic unfeathering. (b) gain speed so as to use the engine unfeathering pump. (©) _ use the electric unfeathering pump. (4) manually release the blade latch. Fixed-pitch propellers are usually designed for maximum efficiency (a) cruising speed (b) idling () full throttie () take-off The ‘slipstream effect’ of a propeller is most prominent at: (2) _low airspeeds with low power setting, (b) low airspeeds with high power setting. (©) _ high airspeeds with low power setting. (4) high airspeeds with high power setting, In case of engine failure during flight the blades of the constant speed propeller ina single engine aeroplane, not fitted with feathering system (2) move in a certain pitch position depending on windmilling RPM. (b) move in the highest pitch position by the aerodynamic force. (c) move in the lowest pitch position by the centrifugal force. (4) __ move in low pitch position by oil pressure created by the windmill propeller. For take-off, the correct combination of propeller pitch (1), and propeller lever position (2) at brake release is (a) (A)high (2) forward (b) © (1) low (2) forward. ©) (low Q)att. @)—(A)high (2) aft. Bristol Groundschool Knowledge Feedback paper 4 a4 ats. ate. a7. ars. arg. Consider the variable-pitch propeller of a turbo-prop. During deceleration : (a) when braking, the propeller supplies negative thrust and absorbs (b) at zero power, the propeller thrust is zero and the engine power absorbed is nil (©) when feathered, the propeller produces thrust and absorbs no engine power. (4) with propeller windmilling, the thrust is zero and the propeller supplies engine power. Which of the following qualitative statements about a fixed propeller optimized for cruise condition, is true for the take-off case? The angle of attack of the propeller: (a) _ blades reduces to zero. (b) blade is relatively high. (c) blade is relatively small (2) __aerofoit section is negative. ‘An asymmetric loading (p-factor) on the propeller exists .. (a) Only for counter rotating propeller (b) Only if the ‘constant speed propeller’ mechanism is broken. () Ifthe aeroplane has a large angle of attack. (d) If there is an unbalanced propeller. The ‘constant speed propeller’ has (a) its best efficiency during climb. (b) only above and below the design point a better efficiency than the fixed propeller with the same design speed. (©) _ingeneral a worse efficiency than the fixed propeller. (4) _ only at the design speed a better efficiency than the fixed propeller. What will happen to the geometrical pitch angle of a “constant speed propeller" if the manifold pressure is increased ? {a) twill increase (b) It will increase and after a short time it will be the same again (c) It will decrease so that the engine can increase (d) twill remain the same In twin-engine aeroplanes with right turning propellers. (a) the ‘minimum control speed! is determined by the failure of the right engine, (b) the right engine is the critical motor. (c) the left engine is the critical motor. (d) the left engine produces a higher yaw moment if the right engine fails than vice versa Bristol Groundschoo! _ Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Q20. In general, in twin-engine aeroplanes with ‘constant speed propeller’ (a) the spring force turns the propeller blades towards smaller pitch angle. (b) the oil pressure tums the propeller blades towards higher pitch angle. (c) the oil pressure turns the propeller blades towards smaller pitch angle. (a) the aerodynamic force turns the propeller blades towards higher pitch angle, Q21. In modern aircraft, a pilot can actuate the feather system by : (a) pulling the RPM lever backwards. (b) pushing the RPM lever forward. (c) pushing the power lever forward, (d) pulling the power levers backwards. 22. When in flight, a piston engine is stopped and the propeller blade pitch angle is. near 90°, the propeller is said to be... (a) feathered. (6) windmiting. (©) transparent. (4) at zero drag, 23. The pitch angle of a propeller is the angle between the (a) __ reference chord line and the propeller plane of rotation. (b) propeller reference chord line and the relative airflow. (c) _ propeller reference chord line and the extremity of the propeller. (4) propeller plane of rotation and the relative airflow. Bristol Groundschoo! Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 ABCD Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 oe) Chapter 18 - The Airframe at a2 a3. DURALUMIN alloys = have an aluminium-copper base. have an aluminium-magnesium base. are easy to weld. are difficult to weld, have a good thermal conductivity. have a poor air corrosion resistance Parone ‘The combination regrouping all the correct statements is (a) 1,4,5 (b) 24,5 (c) 1,3,6 @) 23,6 For FAIL-SAFE designed structural parts : The mounting principle is parallel mounting, No routine check is necessary. ‘The member is removed at the end of the calculated life cycle. Certain components may not be accessible. The principle is the redundanoy of components The failure of a member causes the loads to be shared between the other system components. PareNs The combination regrouping all the correct statements is : (@) 2.56 (b) 1,5,6 () 234 @) 134 ‘Fall safe construction’ is (a) Assimple and cheap type of construction. (b) _Atype of construction for small aircraft only. (c)__ Acconstruction which is suitable for aerobatic fight. (@)__Atype of construction in which the load is carried by other components if a part of the structure fails. In flight the wing of an aircraft containing fuel is subjected to vertical loads that produce a bending moment which is: (2) equal to the zero -fuel weight multiplied by the span (b) equal to half the weight of the aircraft multiplied by the semi span (c) lowest at the wing root (4) highest at the wing root Bristol Groundschool ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 as. a6. a7. 3. a9. 10. ‘The Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: Is a limitation set by regulation. Is designed for a maximum load factor. Is due to the maximum bending moment at wing root. Requires to empty external tanks first. Requires to empty internal tanks first. geene The correct combination of true statements is (a) 24 (b) 1,3,5 (c) 1,2,3 @) 25 The trim tab : (a) reduces hinge moment and increases control surface efficiency. (b) increases hinge moment and control surface efficiency. (c) increases hinge moment and reduces control surface efficiency. (d) reduces hinge moment and control surface efficiency. The purpose of a trim tab (device) is to: (a) lower manoeuvring control forces. (b) reduce or to cancel control forces. (©) trim the aeroplane during normal fight (a) trim the aeroplane at low airspeed. It may be determined that an aircraft is not properly bonded if: (2) there is heavy corrosion on the fuselage skin mountings. (b) static noises can be heard on the radio. (©) circuit breaker pops out. (6) __ there is interference on the VOR receiver. The wing of an aircraft in flight, powered by engines located under the wing, is subjected to a bending moment which causes its leading edge, from the wing root to the wing tip, to operate in: (2) compression, then in tension. (b) tension, then in compression. (c) _ tension. (¢) compression, ‘The fuselage of an aircraft consists, among others, of stringers whose purpose is to: (2) _ assist the skin in absorbing the longitudinal traction-compression stresses. (b) withstand the shear stresses. (©) provide sound and thermal isolation. (@) _ integrate the strains due to pressurization to which the skin is subjected and convert them into a tensile stress. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 an 12. ars. ats. ats. Among the different types of aircraft structures, the shell structures efficiently transmit the: 1. normal bending stresses 2. tangent bending stresses 3. torsional moment 4. shear stresses ‘The combination regrouping all the correct statements is : ‘Ona non-stressed skin type wing, the wing structure elements which take up the vertical bending moments Mx are: (a) the ribs. (b) the webs, (©) the skin (d) the spars. ‘The purpose of static wick dischargers is to : (a) _be able to fly higher because of less electrical friction (b) dissipate static charge of the aircraft in flight thus avoiding radio interference as a result of static electricity. (©) dissipate static charge from the aircraft skin after landing. (4) provide a path to ground for static charges when refuelling Which of these signals are inputs, at least, in the stall warning computers? (2) Angle of attack and flaps and spollers deflection. (b) Angle of attack, flaps deflection and EPR. (c) Angle of attack, flaps deflection, EPR and N1 () Angle of attack and flaps and slats deflection, AYaw Damper is : (a) rudder damper designed to avoid the "Dutch roll" (b) — Anelevator augmentor. (©) Anelevator augmentor to avoid the nose-down effect at speeds greater than MO.8, () — Arolltrim tab. Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 16. a7. are. arg, Se Ina steep turn to the left, when using spoilers... ; (a) The right aileron will ascend, the left one will descend, the right spoiler will retract and the left one will extend, (b) The right aileron will descend, the left one will ascend, the right spoiler will retract and the left one will extend, (©) The right aileron will descend, the left one will ascend, the right spoiler ill extend and the left one will retract. (4) The right aileron will ascend, the left one will descend, the right spoiler. will extend and the left one will retract. The primary purpose of bonding the metallic parts of an aircraft is to (2) _ provide a single earth for electrical devices (©) prevent electrolytic corrosion between mating surfaces of similar metals. (©) _ isolate all components electrically and thus make the static potential constant. 5 (d) _ provide safe distribution of electrical charges and currents. Static dischargers 1, are used to set all the parts of the airframe to the same electrical potential 2. are placed on wing and tail tips to facilitate electrical discharge 3. are used to reset the electrostatic potential of the aircraft to a value approximating 0 volts 4, are located on wing and tail tips to reduce interference with the on- board radio communication systems to a minimum, 5. limit the risks of transfer of electrical charges between the aircraft and the electrified clouds The combination regrouping all the correct statements is (a) 245, () 1.25. (©) 13,4. 5 @) 345, Z On an aircraft, the Krueger flat (a) _ leading edge flap close to the wing root (0) leading edge flap close to the wing tip (©) leading edge flap () trailing edge flap Evacuation slide inflation is ensured by : (2) a pressurized gas canister combined with the slide itself (b) the aircraft's general pneumatic circuit. (©) a manual pump, used when needed by the cabin crew. (@) pressurized air from the air conditioning system. Bristol Groundschool " Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 21. 22. 923, 24. 026. 226. The reason for the fact that an aeroplane designed for long distances cannot simply be used for short haul flights at higher frequencies is that (a) __ the lifetime of the fatigue sensitive parts has been based on a determined load spectrum (b) __ the procedures and checklists for this kind of aeroplanes will take too much time (c) these aeroplanes often consume too much fuel on short haul flights, (d) _in that case some fuel tanks remain empty during the whole flight, which stresses the aeroplane's structure in an unacceptable way ‘The reason for the trim switch on a control column to consist of two separate switches (2) Tobe able to use two different trim speeds, slow trim rate at high speed and high trim rate at low speed (b) To reduce the probability of a trim-runaway (C) To prevent that both pilots perform opposite trim inputs. (4) Because there are two trim motors. ‘The advantage of mounting the tailplane on top of the vertical stabilizer is : (a) to decrease fuel consumption by creating a tail heavy situation (b) to withdraw it from the influence of wing turbulence (©) toa have greater effectiveness at high speed (d) that it does not require a de-icing system In the pneumatic supply system of a modem transport aircraft, the air pressure is regulated. This pressure regulation occurs just before the manifold by the : (a) _ intermediate pressure check-valve (b) low pressure bleed air valve () high pressure bleed air valve (4) fan bleed air valve On an aeroplane, spoilers are : (a) upper wing surface devices, their deflection is always asymmetrical (b) lower wing surface devices, their deflection is always asymmetrical. (©) upper wing surface devices, their deflection is symmetrical or asymmetrical. (4) _ lower wing surface devices, their deflection is symmetrical or asymmetrical. On an airplane, the Krueger flaps are: (a) leading edge flaps close to the wing tip {b) leading edge flaps close to the wing root (c) trailing edge flaps close to the wing root (d) trailing edge flaps close to the wing tip Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Chapter 18 - The Airframe ABCD A BcoD A BcD 1CI_ 36 n 2 i 37 72 I 3] 38 73 4 39 74 5 | 40 7 6 a 76 | 7] 42 7 I 8 43 7 | 9 44 7 | | 10 45 80 " 46 [mala 12 47 13 | 48 14 49 | 15 50 | 16 | st | | | 17 s2| | CI 18 53 19 54 20 55 a1 56 2 87 alm 23 58 7 24 59 25 _ 60 26 61 27 62 28 63 29 64 | 30 65 3 66 32 | | 67 33 68 34 69 36 [ 70 =| Bristol Groundschoo! ‘Aircraft General Knowledge Feedback paper 4 Intentionally Blank Bristol Groundschool Aircraft General Knowl ige Feedback paper 4 w

You might also like