Professional Documents
Culture Documents
9. Which ethical standard has been violated if an accountant fails to prepare financial
statements according to industry standards?
a. Competence
b. Confidentiality
c. Integrity
d. Credibility
10.
Which ethical standard is violated when an accountant uses information from
a financial statement he is preparing to advise a relative of a stock purchase?
a. Competence
b. Confidentiality
c. Integrity
d. Credibility
Direct labor
32
Variable manufacturing overhead
6
Fixed manufacturing overhead
12
Variable selling
4
Fixed selling
4
What is the total estimated conversion costs per unit? (Points : 1)
a.
$70
b.
$58
c.
$52
d.
$50
6. Which of the following is not a product cost for Tundra trucks? (Points : 1)
a.
Steering wheel
b.
Glue
c.
Salary of product sales manager
d.
Overhead
7. Which of the following types of firms has the highest degree of conversion causing
a major transformation from input to output? (Points : 1)
a.
Lee's Landscaping Company
b.
Toyota Manufacturing Company
c.
Wal-Mart Stores
d.
All of the above
8. Select the incorrect statement concerning the stages of the production or
conversion process. (Points : 1)
a. A manufacturing company's Finished Goods inventory account is
similar to a service company's Supplies inventory account.
b. Firms such as retailers that engage in only low or moderate degrees of
conversion ordinarily have only a single inventory account.
c. The production process occurs in three stages: raw material, work in process,
and finished goods.
d. At the point of sale, product costs flow from an inventory account to Cost of
Goods Sold expense.
9. Which of the following would not be classified as direct material for a Tundra truck?
(Points : 1)
a.
Cost of the battery
b.
Cost of the glue used to secure the carpet in the cab of the
truck
c.
Cost of freight paid on the truck windshield
d.
Cost of the fuel tank
10.
Which of the following would be classified as direct labor for the production
of a Tundra truck? (Points : 1)
a.
Wages paid to assembly line (production) workers
b.
Bonuses paid to production workers for exceeding production goals
c.
Production workers' Social Security taxes
d.
All of the above
11.
Which of the following costs would not be classified as overhead for the
production of Tundra trucks? (Points : 1)
a.
Salary of plant manager
b.
Indirect labor costs
c.
Salary of Toyota Chief Executive Officer
d.
Depreciation of production machinery
12.
All of the following are reasons why overhead costs are allocated to cost
objects except:
a. to compare alternative courses of action for management planning and
decision making.
b. to identify the fixed and variable components of the various
overhead costs.
c. to determine the full cost of the cost object.
d. to motivate the manager in charge of the cost object to manage it efficiently.
13.
A Company had the following inventories at the beginning and end of
January:
January 1
January 31
Finished goods
$12,500
$11,700
Work in process
23,500
25,100
Direct material
13,400
12,400
The following additional manufacturing data were available for the month of
January:
Direct material purchased $18,900
Direct labor
30,000
Actual factory overhead
17,500
What was the total cost of direct material used for January? (Points : 1)
a.
$19,900
b.
$18,900
c.
$17,900
d.
$6,500
14.
B Company had the following inventories at the beginning and end of
January:
January 1
January 31
Finished goods
$125,000
$117,000
Work in process
235,000
251,000
Direct material
134,000
124,000
The following additional manufacturing data were available for the month of
January:
Direct material used
$189,000
Direct labor
300,000
Actual factory overhead
175,000
What was B Company's cost of goods manufactured for January? (Points : 1)
a.
$672,000
b.
$660,000
c.
$658,000
d.
$648,000
15.
C Company had the following inventories at the beginning and end of
January:
January 1
January 31
Finished goods
$125,000
$117,000
Work in process
235,000
251,000
Direct material
134,000
124,000
Assuming the Cost of Goods Manufactured for January was $660,000, what was C
Company's cost of goods sold for January? (Points : 1)
a.
$676,000
b.
$668,000
c.
d.
$666,000
$652,000
16.
All of the following are reasons for using predetermined overhead rates in
product costing except:
a. to overcome the problem of fluctuations in activity levels that have no
impact on fixed overhead costs.
b. to overcome the problem caused by overhead containing both fixed
and variable costs.
c. to adjust for variations in actual overhead costs that are unrelated to
fluctuations in activity.
d. to allow management to determine whether a product, product line, or
customer is profitable.
17.
What is the best method for disposing of significant underapplied factory
overhead? (Points : 1)
a. Charge the underapplied amount to cost of goods sold
b. Prorate the underapplied amount to cost of goods sold, finished
goods, and work in process
c. Prorate the underapplied amount to inventory only (work in process and
finished goods)
d. Charge the underapplied amount to a loss account at the end of the period
18.
Select the incorrect statement concerning overapplied overhead. (Points : 1)
a. The overhead control account will have a debit balance.
b. The amount of overhead transferred to WIP from the overhead control
account exceeded the actual amount of overhead incurred.
c. Overapplied overhead must be closed at year-end because a single year's
activity level was used to set the predetermined overhead rate.
d. Overapplied overhead may result if the company's actual utilization of
capacity is greater than expected.
19.
In determining cost behavior in business, the cost function is often expressed
as y = a + bx. What does the "a" term represent? (Points : 1)
a.
Total variable costs
b.
Total fixed costs
c.
Unit variable cost
d.
Unit fixed cost
20.
M Company derived the following cost equation to explain its monthly
manufacturing overhead cost:
OH = $80,000 + $12MH, where MH = machine hours
The standard time required to manufacture one unit is 4 machine hours. The
company applies manufacturing overhead to production on the basis of machine
hours and its normal annual production is 50,000 units. What is the estimated
variable manufacturing overhead cost for a month in which scheduled production
is 5,000 units? (Points : 1)
a.
$360,000
b.
$320,000
c.
$240,000
d.
$80,000
21.
Which method of separating mixed costs ensures the best fitting regression
line? (Points : 1)
a.
High-low method
b.
Scattergraph method
c.
Proration method
d.
c.
d.
Mixed costing
None of the above
26.
Which cost accumulation and reporting system reports the total contribution
margin? (Points : 1)
a.
Absorption costing
b.
Variable costing
c.
Mixed costing
d.
None of the above
27.
Which cost accumulation and reporting system is required for external
reporting and tax purposes? (Points : 1)
a.
Absorption costing
b.
Variable costing
c.
Mixed costing
d.
None of the above
28.
The primary difference between absorption and variable costing lies in the
treatment of:
a.
variable selling and administrative costs.
b.
variable overhead costs.
c.
fixed overhead costs.
d.
fixed selling and administrative costs.
29.
Which cost accumulation and reporting system provides management an
incentive to over-produce (i.e., produce more units than can be sold)? (Points : 1)
a.
Absorption costing
b.
Variable costing
c.
Mixed costing
d.
None of the above
30.
In a period in which there is no change in inventory, which cost accumulation
and reporting system will report higher profits? (Points : 1)
a.
Absorption costing
b.
Variable costing
c.
Mixed costing
d.
None of the above
Unit 2 Quiz
1. Which of the following is not a reason to use predetermined overhead rates?
a. to overcome the problems of assigning overhead to diverse types of
products
b. to compensate for fluctuations in monthly overhead costs
c. to provide a means for assigning overhead during the period rather than at
the end of the period
d. to smooth out the amount of overhead cost assigned to products when
monthly production activity differs
2. The estimated maximum potential activity for a specified time is:
a. theoretical capacity
b. practical capacity
c. normal capacity
d. expected capacity
3. The measure of activity that allows for routine variations in manufacturing activity
is:
a. theoretical capacity
b. practical capacity
c. normal capacity
d. expected capacity
4. The measure of production that considers historical and estimated future
production levels and cyclical fluctuations is referred to as:
a. theoretical capacity
b. practical capacity
c. normal capacity
d. expected capacity
5. A short-run measure of activity that represents a firm?s anticipated activity level
for an upcoming period based upon expected demand is referred to as:
a. theoretical capacity
b. practical capacity
c. normal capacity
d. expected capacity
6. If a firm produces more units than it sells, absorption costing, relative to variable
costing, will result in
a. higher income and assets.
b. higher income but lower assets.
c. lower income but higher assets.
d. lower income and assets.
7. Under absorption costing, if sales remain constant from period 1 to period 2, the
company will report a larger income in period 2 when
a. period 2 production exceeds period 1 production.
b. period 1 production exceeds period 2 production.
c. variable production costs are larger in period 2 than period 1.
d. fixed production costs are larger in period 2 than period 1.
8. A basic concept of variable costing is that period costs should be currently
expensed. What is the rationale behind this procedure?
a. Period costs are uncontrollable and should not be charged to a specific
product.
b. Period costs are generally immaterial in amount and the cost of assigning the
amounts to specific products would outweigh the benefits.
c. Allocation of period costs is arbitrary at best and could lead to erroneous
decision by management.
d. Because period costs will occur whether production occurs, it is
improper to allocate these costs to production and defer a current
cost of doing business.
9. A firm presently has total sales of $100,000. If its sales rise, its
a. net income based on variable costing will go up more than its net
income based on absorption costing.
b. net income based on absorption costing will go up more than its net income
based on variable costing.
c. fixed costs will also rise.
d. per unit variable costs will rise.
10.
For its most recent fiscal year, a firm reported that its contribution margin
was equal to 40 percent of sales and that its net income amounted to 10 percent
of sales. If its fixed costs for the year were $60,000, how much were sales?
a. $150,000
b. $200,000
c. $600,000
15.
a.
b.
c.
d.
8. Which costing system assigns costs within multiple cost pools to products using
multiple drivers? (Points : 1)
a. Activity-based costing
b. Variable costing
c. Traditional costing
d. None of the above
9. E Corporation, which makes electronic components for NASA's space shuttle, uses
activity-based costing. One of its activities is described below:
Activity
1 Quality control
Cost
Driver
Est. Qty.
Required for
Cost Rat
of Cost Driver
Current
Contract
$0.14
17,500 units
Cost Driver
Materials
handling
Setup costs
No. of parts
handled
No. of setups
Machine hours
Machining costs
(MH)
Quality control No. of batches
Budgeted Activity
Budgeted
Cost
6,000,000
$720,000
750
315,000
30,000
540,000
500
Total overhead
cost
225,000
$1,800,000
The company also estimates that it will work 50,000 direct labor hours in the
coming year. The following information is provided for one of the company's
products for the coming year:
Direct material and Direct
Labor
Direct materials cost per unit
$4.4
0
.75
$5.1
5
20,000 units
5,000 units
2 per batch
5 parts
80 MH per batch
If the organization uses a traditional full cost system, the cost per unit of this
product for the coming year will be (Points : 1)
a. $6.95.
b. $6.11.
c. $5.44.
d. $5.39.
11.
If the organization uses an activity-based cost system, the cost per unit of
this product for the coming year will be (Points : 1)
a. $6.30.
b. $6.21.
c. $6.08.
d. $6.00.
12.
The use of activity-based costing normally results in: (Points : 1)
a. substantially lower unit costs for low-volume products than is reported by
traditional product costing.
b. equalizing setup costs for all product lines.
c. decreased setup costs being charged to low-volume products.
d. substantially greater unit costs for low-volume products than is
reported by traditional product costing.
13.
Because of the changes that are occurring in the basic operations of many
firms, all of the following represent trends in the way indirect costs are allocated
except: (Points : 1)
a. treating direct labor as an indirect manufacturing cost in an automated
factory.
b. using throughput time as an application base to increase awareness of the
costs associated with lengthened throughput time.
c. preferring plant-wide application rates that are applied to machine
hours rather than incurring the cost of detailed allocations.
d. using several machine cost pools to measure product costs on the basis of
time in a machine center.
14.
Activity-Based Costing is appropriate for which of the following
organizations? (Points : 1)
a. One that produces and sells a wide variety of products.
b. One that produces and sells a single complex product.
c. One that provides a single service to customers.
d. All of the above
15.
A number of barriers must be overcome to implement activity-based costing
systems successfully. Select the barrier that is not matched up properly with its
type. (Points : 1)
a. Fear of change Individual barrier
b. Regulatory agenciesEnvironmental barrier
c. Corporate culture issues Organizational barrier
d. All of the above barriers are properly classified.
Unit 3 Quiz
1. When a firm redesigns a product to reduce the number of component parts, the
firm is
a. increasing consumer value.
b. increasing the value added to the product.
c. decreasing product variety.
d. decreasing non-value-added costs.
2. Non-value-added activities that are necessary to businesses, but not costs that
customers are willing to pay for are known as
a. business-value-added activities.
b. long-term variable activities.
c. short-term variable activities.
d. superior business activities.
3. A value chart indicates
a. all steps in a process and the time it takes for them to be
completed.
b. the value-added steps in a process and the time it takes for them to be
completed.
c. the time and cost of all value-added steps in a process.
d. the time and costs of all value-added and non-value-added steps in a
process.
4. Which of the following is not a drawback of mass customization?
a. The choices are too numerous.
b. The potential for errors is great.
c. Only a small percentage of available choices is normally selected.
d. All of the above are drawbacks.
5. Product costing systems in use over the last 40 years
a. concentrated on using multiple cost pools and cost drivers.
b. were often technologically incapable of handling activity-based
costing information.
c. have generally been responsive to changes in the manufacturing
environment.
d. have been appropriate for managerial decision purposes as long as they met
the requirements of generally accepted accounting principles.
6. In allocating fixed costs to products in activity-based costing,
a. direct labor hours should always be used as the allocation base.
b. a company should use the same allocation base that it uses for variable
costs.
c. a cost driver that is not volume-related should be used.
d. machine hours should always be used.
7. Under activity-based costing, benchmarks for product cost should contain an
allowance for
a. idle time.
b. idle time and scrap materials.
c. spoilage.
d. None of the responses are correct.
8. Activity-based costing and activity-based management are effective in helping
managers do all of the following except
a. trace technology costs to products.
b. promote excellence standards.
c. identify only value-added activities.
d. analyze performance problems.
9. Traditional standard costs are inappropriate measures for performance evaluation
in the "new era" of manufacturing because they
a. build in allowances for non-value-adding activities.
b. are based on historical information.
c. don't reflect current costs.
d. are ideal goals.
10.
A key concept underlying cost driver analysis is that
a. all cost drivers identified should be used for cost accumulation.
b. the cost of measuring a driver does not exceed the benefits of using
it.
c. only costs occurring at the unit-level should be assigned to products or
services.
d. organizational/facility costs are non-value-added and should never be
assigned to products or services.
11.
When cost driver analysis is used, organizational profit or loss can be
determined by subtracting
a. organizational costs from total margin provided by products.
b. organizational costs from total product revenue.
c. total product costs from total product revenue.
d. total unit, batch, product/process, and organizational level costs incurred for
a period from total product revenue.
12.
The Pareto principle is important to consider when an organization is
a. assessing whether to employ activity-based costing versus attribute-based
costing.
b. evaluating the number of activities that are value-added versus those that
are non-value-added.
c. deciding whether to offer a product in one color versus in ten colors.
d. determining whether simultaneous engineering activities will be impacted by
the "Rule of One."
13.
Engaging in which of the following will result in radical changes being made
to an organization's processes?
a. Continuous improvement
b. Benchmarking
c. Reengineering
d. Mass customization
14.
Which of the following is most likely to make the implementation of ABC/ABM
slow and difficult?
a. The development of new cost drivers that measure costs more effectively.
b. A lack of involvement by or support from upper management.
c. The need for dual costing systems.
d. An inability to eliminate all business-value-added activities.
15.
Activity-based costing and generally accepted accounting principles differ in
that ABC
a. does not define product costs in the same manner as GAAP.
b. cannot be used to compute an income statement, but GAAP can.
c. is concerned only with costs generated from automated processes, but GAAP
is concerned with costs generated from both manual and automated
processes.
d. information is useful only to managers, while GAAP information is useful to
all organizational stakeholders.
b.
sold
c.
Raw materials, overhead, work in process
d.
Direct material, finished goods, work in process
8. The journal entry to apply overhead to production would include: (Points : 1)
a. a debit to Manufacturing Overhead Control.
b. credits to various accounts such as Cash, Accumulated Depreciation, and
Accounts Payable.
c. a credit to Manufacturing Overhead Control.
d. a credit to Work in Process.
9. The journal entry to transfer production from the Finishing Department to Finished
Goods would include a: (Points : 1)
a.
credit to Finished Goods.
b.
debit to Cost of Goods Manufactured.
c.
credit to WIP - Finishing.
d.
credit to Cost of Goods Manufactured.
10.
M Corporation manufactures a specialty line of jeans using a job-order-cost
system. During May, the following costs were incurred in completing Job M1: direct
materials, $13,700; direct labor, $4,800; administrative, $1,400; and selling,
$5,600. Overhead was applied at the rate of $25 per machine hour, and Job M1
required 800 machine hours. If Job M1 resulted in 7,000 good jeans, the cost of
goods sold per unit would be (Points : 1)
a.
$5.50.
b.
$6.30.
c.
$5.70.
d.
$8.50.
11.
Q Company uses a normal cost system. The following information is from its
financial records for the year:
Total manufacturing costs, $2,500,000
Cost of goods manufactured, $2,425,000
Applied overhead, 30% of total manufacturing costs
Predetermined OH rate, 80% of direct labor cost
Assuming the company's work in process inventory at January 1 was 75 percent of
its December 31 work in process inventory, what is the carrying value of the
company's work in process inventory at December 31? (Points : 1)
a.
$75,000
b.
$100,000
c.
$225,000
d.
$300,000
12.
Which of the following costing systems does not involve computing cost
variances? (Points : 1)
a.
Actual costing system
b.
Normal costing system
c.
Standard costing system
d.
All of the above systems involve computing cost variances
13.
Select the incorrect statement concerning standard costs and job order
costing. (Points : 1)
a. A standard cost system determines product cost by using predetermined
norms in the inventory accounts for prices and/or quantities of cost
components.
b. Standards can be used in a job order cost system only if a company typically
engages in jobs that produce fairly similar products.
c. Under GAAP, standard cost job order systems may not substitute for
actual or normal costing systems.
d. Standard cost variances can be computed for actual-to-standard differences
regardless of whether standards have been established for both quantities
and prices or for prices or rates only.
14.
Which of the following statements is true concerning job order costing and
management decision making? (Points : 1)
a. Job order costing assists managers in their planning, controlling, decision
making and performance evaluations functions.
b. Job order costing allows managers to trace costs associated with specific
current jobs to better estimate costs of future jobs.
c. Job order costing provides a means by which managers can better control
the costs associated with their operations.
d. All of the above are true statements.
15.
Select the incorrect statement regarding the accounting for product losses.
(Points : 1)
a. Normal losses that are anticipated on all jobs are estimated and included in
the development of the predetermined OH rate.
b. Normal losses that are associated with a particular job are charged
to a loss account in the period they are incurred.
c. Abnormal losses are charged to a loss account in the period they are
incurred.
d. The difference between normal and abnormal loss is one of degree and
therefore must be determined by management.
16.
Which of the following would least likely use a process costing system?
(Points : 1)
a.
Manufacturer of custom furniture
b.
Manufacturer of soft drinks
c.
Manufacturer of gasoline
d.
Manufacturer of paper
17.
Which of the following is not a basic objective of process costing? (Points : 1)
a. Compute an average cost per unit since units are homogeneous
b. Allocate production costs between whole units and partial units
c. Separate production costs into fixed and variable components
d. Determine the amount of production costs that should be transferred to the
next department
18.
Select the incorrect statement regarding equivalent units of production
(EUP). (Points : 1)
a. Two units 50% complete are equivalent to one unit 100% complete.
b. Except in very rare instances, only one EUP calculation is needed per
department.
c. EUP equals the number of whole units of output that could have been
produced during a period from the actual effort expended.
d. The objective of EUP calculations is to eliminate the costing problemcaused
by partially completed units.
19.
The steps in process costing are listed below:
Calculate physical units to be accounted for
Calculate physical units accounted for
Calculate equivalent units of production (EUP)
b.
c.
d.
5,000 units.
4,400 units.
3,800 units.
23.
Using the weighted average method, the equivalent unit materials cost for
April is: (Points : 1)
a.
$78.00.
b.
$87.10.
c.
$130.65.
d.
$138.55.
24.
Using the weighted average method, the 4,000 units completed during April
will be transferred out at an EUP unit cost of: (Points : 1)
a.
$188.69.
b.
$225.65.
c.
$257.31.
d.
$283.04.
25.
L Company uses a process cost system to account for its manufacturing
operations. All direct materials are added at the beginning of the process and
conversion costs are added proportionately. The production quantity schedule for
June is reproduced below:
Units
Work in process on June 1 (20% complete as to conversion costs)
16,000
Units started during June
100,000
Total units to account for
116,000
Units completed and transferred out from beginning inventory
16,000
Units started and completed during June
76,000
Work in process on June 30 (40% complete as to conversion costs)
24,000
Total units accounted for
116,000
Costs pertaining to the month of June are as follows:
Beginning inventory costs: (DM, $54,600; Conversion, $35,560)
$
90,160
Costs incurred during June (DM, $468,000; Conversion $574,060)
$1,042,060
Using the FIFO method, the equivalent units for direct materials for June are:
(Points : 1)
a.
116,000 units.
b.
100,000 units.
c.
85,600 units.
d.
76,000 units.
26.
Using the FIFO method, the equivalent units for conversion costs for June are:
(Points : 1)
a.
116,000 units.
b.
100,000 units.
c.
d.
98,400 units.
76,000 units.
27.
Using the FIFO method, the direct materials cost per equivalent unit for units
started and completed during June is: (Points : 1)
a.
$6.16.
b.
$6.00.
c.
$5.23.
d.
$4.68.
28.
Select the incorrect statement concerning process costing in a
multidepartment setting.
a. In this environment, goods are transferred from a predecessor (upstream)
department to a successor (downstream) department.
b. Transferred out costs of the predecessor department become transferred in
costs of the successor department.
c. Occasionally, successor departments will change the unit of measure used in
predecessor departments.
d. By definition, successor departments may not add any additional raw
materials to the units received from predecessor departments.
29.
Which of the following statements is true concerning process costing? (Points
: 1)
a. Companies my substitute standard costs for actual costs.
b. EUP calculations for standard process costing are identical to those of FIFO
process costing.
c. An advantage of standard process costing is that material, labor, and
overhead variances can be computed to assist in performance evaluation.
d. All of the above are true.
30.
An appropriate costing system for a company whose various product lines
have different direct materials but similar processing techniques is likely a (Points :
1)
a.
weighted average method of process costing.
b.
first-in, first out method of process costing.
c.
hybrid method of process costing.
d.
last-in, first out method of process costing.
Unit 4 Quiz
1. Which of the following organizations would be most likely to use a job-order costing
system?
a.
the loan department of a bank
b.
the check clearing department of a bank
c.
a manufacturer of processed cheese food
d.
a manufacturer of video cassette tapes
2. A company producing which of the following would be most likely to use a price
standard for material? (Points : 1)
a.
furniture
b.
NFL-logo jackets
c.
custom-made picture frames
d.
none of the above
3. A company producing which of the following would be most likely to use a time
standard for labor? (Points : 1)
a.
mattresses
b.
custom-made picture frames
c.
floral arrangements
d.
stained-glass windows
4. In a job-order costing system, the net cost of normal spoilage is equal to (Points :
1)
a.
estimated disposal value plus the cost of spoiled work.
b.
the cost of spoiled work minus estimated spoilage cost.
c.
the units of spoiled work times the predetermined overhead rate.
d.
the cost of spoiled work minus the estimated disposal value.
5. The net cost of normal spoilage in a job-order costing system in which spoilage is
common to all jobs should be (Points : 1)
a.
assigned directly to the jobs that caused the spoilage.
b.
charged to manufacturing overhead during the period of the
spoilage.
c.
charged to a loss account during the period of the spoilage.
d.
allocated only to jobs that are completed during the period.
6. Spears Manufacturing Company produces beach chairs. Chair frames are all the
same size, but can be made from plastic, wood, or aluminum. Regardless of frame
choice, the same sailcloth is used for the seat on all chairs. Spears has set a
standard for sailcloth of $9.90 per square yard and each chair requires 1 square
yard of material. Spears produced 500 plastic chairs, 100 wooden chairs, and 250
aluminum chairs during June.
The total cost for 1,000 square yards of sailcloth during the month was $10,000. At
the end of the month, 50 square yards of sailcloth remained in inventory.
The unfavorable material price variance for sailcloth purchases for the month was
(Points : 1)
a.
$ 100.
b.
$ 495.
c.
$1,090.
d.
$1,585.
7. Assuming that there was no sailcloth in inventory at the beginning of June, the
unfavorable material quantity variance for the month was (Points : 1)
a.
$ 495.
b.
$ 500.
c.
$ 990.
d.
$1,000.
8. Equivalent units of production are equal to the (Points : 1)
a. units completed by a production department in the period.
b. number of units worked on during the period by a production department.
c. number of whole units that could have been completed if all work of
the period had been used to produce whole units.
d. identifiable units existing at the end of the period in a production
department.
9. The weighted average method is thought by some accountants to be inferior to the
FIFO method because it (Points : 1)
a.
is more difficult to apply.
b.
only considers the last units worked on.
c.
ignores work performed in subsequent periods.
d.
commingles costs of two periods.
10.
The first step in determining the cost per EUP per cost component under the
weighted average method is to (Points : 1)
2. The document that summarizes the expected quantities and costs needed to
produce a unit is called a (Points : 1)
a.
bill of materials.
b.
total cost of ownership document.
c.
operations flow document.
d.
standard cost card.
3. This month R Company planned to produce 3,000 units of its product. The standard
cost card calls for six pounds of material at $.30 per pound. Actual production for
the month was 3,100 units, resulting in a favorable price variance of $380 and an
unfavorable quantity variance of $120. Based on these variances, one could
conclude that: (Points : 1)
a.
more materials were purchased than were used.
b.
the actual cost of material was less than the standard cost.
c.
the actual usage of material was less than the standard allowed.
d.
the actual cost and usage of material were both less than standard.
4. An unfavorable direct labor efficiency variance could be caused by a (n): (Points :
1)
a.
unfavorable variable overhead spending variance.
b.
unfavorable fixed overhead volume variance.
c.
unfavorable material usage variance.
d.
favorable fixed overhead volume variance.
5. The flexible budget for the month of August was for 9,000 units with direct
material at $15 per unit. Direct labor was budgeted at 45 minutes per unit for a
total of $81,000. Actual output for the month was 8,500 units with $127,500 in
direct material and $77,775 in direct labor expense. Direct labor hours of 6,375
were actually worked during the month. Variance analysis would show: (Points : 1)
a.
a favorable direct labor efficiency variance of $1,275.
b.
an unfavorable direct labor efficiency variance of $1,275.
c.
an unfavorable direct labor rate variance of $1,275.
d.
none of the above.
6. The total fixed overhead variance is the: (Points : 1)
a.
measure of the lost profits from the lack of sales volume.
b.
amount of the underapplied or overapplied fixed overhead
costs.
c.
potential cost reduction that can be achieved from better cost control.
d.
measure of production inefficiency.
7. Variable overhead is applied on the basis of standard direct labor hours. If the
direct labor efficiency variance is favorable, the variable overhead efficiency
variance will be: (Points : 1)
a.
unfavorable.
b.
favorable.
c.
zero.
d.
the same amount as the labor efficiency variance.
8. Y Company's product has a labor standard of 2 hours per unit. For 2011, it
estimates its production will be 200,000 units (400,000 DLHs). It budgets total
overhead at $900,000, which results in a fixed overhead rate of $1.50 per hour.
Actual data for the year include: Actual production, 198,000 units (440,000 DLHs),
Actual variable overhead, $352,000, Actual fixed overhead, $575,000 The variable
overhead efficiency variance for the year is: (Points : 1)
a.
$66,000 unfavorable.
b.
$35,520 favorable.
c.
$33,000 favorable.
d.
$33,000 unfavorable.
9. Standard cost systems should be used for all of the following reasons except:
(Points : 1)
a.
motivation.
b.
decision-making.
c.
establishing blame.
d.
clerical efficiency.
10.
Select the correct statement from the following. (Points : 1)
a. An extremely favorable variance is not necessarily a good variance.
b. There is a movement in practice toward reporting variances less often than
in the past.
c. Only unfavorable variances need to be investigated.
d. For proper performance evaluation to be made, responsibility for variances
should not be traced to specific managers.
11.
The best basis upon which cost standards should be set to measure
controllable production inefficiencies is: (Points : 1)
a.
engineering standards based on attainable performance.
b.
normal capacity.
c.
engineering standards.
d.
ideal capacity.
12.
Variance analysis for conversion cost in automated plants normally focuses
on: (Points : 1)
a.
spending variances for overhead costs.
b.
efficiency variances for machinery and production costs rather than
labor costs.
c.
volume variance for production.
d.
all of the above.
13.
A possible combination of materials or labor is called (Points : 1)
a.
materials-time measurement.
b.
yield.
c.
mix.
d.
conversion.
14.
A measure of the difference between the actual total quantity of input and
the standard total quantity allowed based on output is called the (Points : 1)
a.
mix variance.
b.
yield variance.
c.
volume variance.
d.
none of the above.
15.
Select the correct equation for the labor mix variance. (Points : 1)
a. (Actual mix x Actual hours x Actual rate) - (Actual mix x Actual hours x
Standard rate)
b. (Actual mix x Actual hours x Standard rate) - (Actual mix x Actual hours x
Standard rate)
c. (Actual mix x Actual hours x Standard rate) - (Standard mix x Actual
hours x Standard rate)
d. (Standard mix x Actual hours x Standard rate) - (Standard mix x Standard
hours x Standard rate)
16.
Which income statement format better facilitates the determination of a
company's break-even point? (Points : 1)
a.
Absorption costing income statement
b.
c.
d.
23.
A company sells a product for $9.00 which has a variable manufacturing cost
of $3.00 per unit. Last year, the company needed to sell 20,000 shirts to break
even. Assuming the company is subject to a 40% tax rate and wishes to earn
$22,500 profit after tax for the coming year, what sales will be required? (Points :
1)
a.
$257,625
b.
$236,250
c.
$213,750
d.
$180,000
24.
X Company sold a product last year that had a $5.00 unit contribution
margin. A significant change in the company's production technology has caused a
10% increase in annual fixed costs but a 20% decrease in unit variable costs.
Assuming there was no change in the product's $10.00 selling price what is the
company's new contribution margin ratio? (Points : 1)
a.
60%
b.
50%
c.
40%
d.
Can't be determined from the information provided
25.
A significant change in Y Company's production technology caused its total
fixed costs of $6,708,716 to increase by 9%. However, the change caused a 20%
unit cost decrease in direct labor and a 25% decrease in the unit material cost
leading to $25 increase in its $300 unit contribution margin. After incorporating
these changes, what is Y Company's new break-even point? (Points : 1)
a.
22,500 units
b.
20,643 units
c.
24,375 units
d.
22,363 units
26.
One Company sells two products, A and B. A has a unit contribution margin
of $40 while B has a unit contribution margin of $25. Last year the company sold
40,000 units of Product A and 60,000 units of Product B. What is the company's
weighted average contribution margin? (Points : 1)
a.
($40 + $25) / 2
b.
($40 x 40,000) + ($25 x 60,000)
c.
($40 x 0.4) + ($25 x 0.6)
d.
None of the above
27.
For a profitable company, the amount by which sales can decline before
losses occur is known as the: (Points : 1)
a.
sales volume variance.
b.
hurdle rate.
c.
marginal income rate.
d.
margin of safety.
28.
V Company sold 10,000 units of its product for $100 per unit. It's unit
variable costs are $20 and its total fixed costs are $600,000. Assuming the
company has a 40% tax rate, what is its degree of operating leverage? (Points : 1)
a.
4.00
b.
0.25
c.
6.67
d.
0.15
29.
Which of the following is not an assumption of CVP analysis? (Points : 1)
a.
All revenues and variable cost are linear.
b.
c.
d.
30.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mixed costs can be accurately separated into their fixed and variable
components.
Sales exceed production.
Labor productivity and market conditions will not change.
Select the incorrect statement from the following. (Points : 1)
If changes occur in selling price or cost, new computations must be made for
break-even and CVP analysis.
In the long-term, fixed costs should be regarded as a long-term variable cost.
Fixed costs exist only in a short-term perspective.
In the future, the only nonmonetary variable included in the breakeven model will be sales volume.
Unit 5 Quiz
1. An operations flow document (Points : 1)
a. tracks the cost and quantity of material through an operation.
b. tracks the network of control points from receipt of a customer's order
through the delivery of the finished product.
c. specifies tasks to make a unit and the times allowed for each task.
d. charts the shortest path by which to arrange machines for completing
products.
2. Bailey Corporation. incurred 2,300 direct labor hours to produce 600 units of
product. Each unit should take 4 direct labor hours. Bailey Corporation applies
variable overhead to production on a direct labor hour basis.
The variable overhead efficiency variance (Points : 1)
a.
will be unfavorable.
b.
will be favorable.
c.
will depend upon the capacity measure selected to assign overhead to
production.
d.
is impossible to determine without additional information.
3. A variable overhead spending variance is caused by (Points : 1)
a. using more or fewer actual hours than the standard hours allowed for the
production achieved.
b. paying a higher/lower average actual overhead price per unit of the activity
base than the standard price allowed per unit of the activity base.
c. larger/smaller waste and shrinkage.
d. both b and c are causes.
4. Fixed overhead costs are (Points : 1)
a. best controlled on a unit-by-unit basis of products produced.
b. mostly incurred to provide the capacity to produce and are best
controlled on a total basis at the time they are originally negotiated.
c. constant on a per-unit basis at all different activity levels within the relevant
range.
d. best controlled as to spending during the production process.
5. In analyzing manufacturing overhead variances, the volume variance is the
difference between the (Points : 1)
a. amount shown in the flexible budget and the amount shown in the debit side
of the overhead control account.
b. predetermined overhead application rate and the flexible budget application
rate times actual hours worked.
b.
c.
d.
Quarter
145,000 units Quarter
334,000 units
Quarter
238,000 units Quarter
448,000 units
Each unit of product requires three pounds of direct material. The company's policy
is to begin each quarter with an inventory of direct material equal to 30% of that
quarter's direct material production requirements. Budgeted direct material
purchases (in pounds) for the third quarter would be: (Points : 1)
a.
114,600.
b.
89,400.
c.
38,200.
d.
29,800.
7. The following beginning and ending inventory levels (in units) are planned for the
upcoming fiscal year:
Beginning of Year
End of Year
Raw material
40,000
50,000
Work-in-process
10,000
10,000
Finished goods
80,000
50,000
Two units of raw material are needed to produce each unit of finished product. If
the company plans to sell 480,000 units during the upcoming fiscal year, the
number of units it would have to manufacture during the year would be: (Points :
1)
a.
510,000 units.
b.
480,000 units.
c.
450,000 units.
d.
440,000 units.
8. Company is planning to sell 2,000 units and produce 2,200 units during the
upcoming month. Each unit requires 2 ounces of raw material at a cost of $15.00
per ounce and one-half hour of direct labor at a rate of $12.50 per hour. Overhead
is applied at a rate of 120% of direct labor costs. The company has 2,000 ounces of
raw material in its beginning inventory and wants to have 2,400 ounces in its
ending inventory. How much direct labor cost should be budgeted for the upcoming
month? (Points : 1)
a.
$27,500
b.
$16,500
c.
$13,750
d.
$12,500
9. E Company is planning to sell 2,000 units and produce 2,200 units during the
upcoming month. Each unit requires 2 ounces of raw material at a cost of $15.00
per ounce and one-half hour of direct labor at a rate of $12.50 per hour. Overhead
is applied at a rate of 120% of direct labor costs. The company has 2,000 ounces of
raw material in its beginning inventory and wants to have 2,400 ounces in its
ending inventory. How much overhead cost should be budgeted for the upcoming
month? (Points : 1)
a.
$27,500
b.
$16,500
c.
$13,750
d.
$12,500
10.
The following credit sales are budgeted by J Company:
January
$124,000
February
120,000
March
135,000
April
140,000
May
142,000
The company's past experience indicates that 50% of receivables are collected in
the month of sale, 30% in the month following the sale, and 20% in the second
month following the sale. What amount should be budgeted as cash receipts for
March? (Points : 1)
a.
$135,000
b.
$128,300
c.
$67,500
d.
$60,800
11.
M Company budgeted direct materials purchases of $150,000 in April and
$240,000 in May. It is the company's practice to pay for 70% of its purchases in the
month of purchase and the remaining 30% in the following month. Other costs are
all paid during the month incurred. During May, the following items were budgeted:
Wages expense
$75,000
Purchase of office equipment
36,000
Selling and administrative expenses 24,000
Depreciation expense
18,000
What amount should be budgeted for cash disbursements for May? (Points : 1)
a.
$366,000
b.
$348,000
c.
$324,000
d.
$213,000
12.
Select the correct formula to compute cost of goods manufactured. (Points :
1)
a. Beginning WIP + Raw Materials Purchased + Direct Labor + Factory
Overhead - Ending WIP
b. Beginning Finished Goods + Cost of Goods Sold - Ending Finished Goods
c. Raw Materials Used + Direct Labor + Factory Overhead
d. Beginning WIP + Raw Materials Used + Direct Labor + Factory
Overhead - Ending WIP
13.
A continuous budget: (Points : 1)
a. presents a statement of expectations for a period but does not present a firm
commitment.
b. drops the current month or quarter and adds a future month or a
future quarter as the current month or quarter is completed.
c. presents the plan for only one level of activity and does not adjust to
changes in the level of activity.
d. presents the plan for a range of activity so that the plan can be adjusted for
changes in activity.
14.
All of the following are benefits of budgeting except: (Points : 1)
a.
budgeting provides assurance that the company will achieve its
objectives.
b.
budgeting facilitates the coordination of activities.
c.
budgeting requires managers to plan ahead.
d.
budgeting provides specific benchmarks for evaluating performance.
15.
Which of the following items should be included in a company's budget
manual? (Points : 1)
a.
Sample budgetary forms
b.
Calendar of scheduled budgetary activities
c.
Original, revised, and approved budgets
d.
Unit 6 Quiz
1. When actual performance varies from the budgeted performance, managers will be
more likely to revise future budgets if the variances were (Points : 1)
a.
controllable rather than uncontrollable.
b.
uncontrollable rather than controllable.
c.
favorable rather than unfavorable.
d.
small.
2. The amount of raw material purchased in a period may be different than the
amount of material used that period because (Points : 1)
a.
the number of units sold may be different from the number of units
produced.
b.
finished goods inventory may fluctuate during the period.
c.
the raw material inventory may increase/decrease during the
period.
d.
companies often pay for material in the period after it is purchased.
3. A company that maintains a raw material inventory, which is based on the
following month's production needs, will purchase less material than it uses in a
month where (Points : 1)
a.
sales exceed production.
b.
production exceeds sales.
c.
planned production exceeds the next month's planned
production.
d.
planned production is less than the next month's planned production.
4. If a company has a policy of maintaining an inventory of finished goods at a
specified percentage of the next month's budgeted sales, budgeted production for
January will exceed budgeted sales for January when budgeted (Points : 1)
a.
February sales exceed budgeted January sales.
b.
January sales exceed budgeted December sales.
c.
January sales exceed budgeted February sales.
d.
December sales exceed budgeted January sales.
5. Matthews Company has a policy of maintaining an inventory of finished goods
equal to 30 percent of the following month's sales. For the forthcoming month of
March, Matthews has budgeted the beginning inventory at 30,000 units and the
ending inventory at 33,000 units. This suggests that (Points : 1)
a.
February sales are budgeted at 10,000 units less than March sales.
b.
March sales are budgeted at 10,000 units less than April sales.
c.
February sales are budgeted at 3,000 units less than March sales.
d.
March sales are budgeted at 3,000 units less than April sales.
6. For the month of November, Whetzel Corporation. predicts total cash collections to
be $1 million. Also for November, Whetzel Corporation. estimates that its
beginning cash balance will be $50,000 and that it will borrow cash in the amount
of $70,000. If Whetzel Corporation. estimates an ending cash balance of $30,000
for November, what must its projected cash disbursements be? (Points : 1)
a.
$1,090,000
b.
$1,120,000
c.
$1,070,000
d.
$1,020,000
7. For the month of March, Robertson Corporation. predicts total cash collections to
be $1.5 million. Also for March, Robertson Corporation. estimates that its beginning
cash balance will be $60,000 and that it will borrow cash in the amount of $80,000.
If Robertson Corporation. estimates an ending cash balance of $40,000 for March,
what must its projected cash disbursements be?
a.
$1,520,000
b.
$1,580,000
c.
$1,600,000
d.
$1,640,000
8. Sullivan Company is preparing its Manufacturing Overhead budget for the second
quarter of the year. Budgeted variable factory overhead is $3.00 per unit
produced; budgeted fixed factory overhead is $75,000 per month, with $16,000 of
this amount being factory depreciation.
If the budgeted cash disbursements for factory overhead for June are $80,000,
then the budgeted production for June must be: (Points : 1)
a.
7,400 units
b.
6,200 units
c.
6,500 units
d.
7,000 units
9. Mercy Medical Center has provided you with the following budget information for
April:
Cash collections
$876,000
April 1 cash balance
23,000
Cash disbursements 978,600
Mercy has a policy of maintaining a minimum cash balance of $20,000 and borrows
only in $1,000
increments. How much will Mercy borrow in April? (Points : 1)
a.
$80,000
b.
$79,600
c.
$99,000
d.
$100,000
10.
Bentonville Medical Center has provided you with the following budget
information for July:
Cash collections
$918,000
July 1 cash balance
32,000
Cash disbursements 1,020,400
Bentonville has a policy of maintaining a minimum cash balance of $30,000 and
borrows only in $1,000 increments. How much will Bentonville borrow in July?
(Points : 1)
a.
$ 70,400
b.
$ 71,000
c.
$100,400
d.
$101,000
11.
Lindburgh Company manufactures toy airplanes. Information on Lindburgh
Company's labor costs follow:
Sales commissions
$5 per plane
Administration
$10,000 per month
Indirect factory labor
$3 per plane
Direct factory labor
$5 per plane
The following information applies to the upcoming month of July for Lindburgh
Company:
a.
b.
c.
d.
192,000
208,000
408,000
416,000
Direct material
$0.60
Direct labor
0.40
Variable overhead
0.10
Fixed overhead
0.20
Total unit cost
$1.30
A steel company has offered to supply 20,000 handles to P Company for $1.25
each, which includes delivery. Accepting the offer will: (Points : 1)
a.
decrease the handle unit cost by $0.15.
b.
decrease the handle unit cost by $0.25.
c.
increase the handle unit cost by $0.15.
d.
Increase the handle unit cost by $0.05.
9. Select the incorrect statement concerning scarce resource decisions. (Points : 1)
a. Unit contribution margin rather than gross margin is the appropriate measure
of profitability.
b. Scarce resources may include machine hours, skilled labor hours, and raw
materials.
c. If the objective is to maximize profits, a scarce resource is best used
to produce and sell the product generating the highest contribution
margin per unit.
d. Although in the long run, a company may acquire a higher quantity of the
scarce resource, in the short run, management must make the most efficient
use of the currently available resources.
10.
D Company recently expanded its manufacturing capacity, which will allow it
to produce up to 15,000 units of Products A and B. The sales department believes
it can sell up to 13,000 units of either product this year. Because the two products
are very similar, D Company will produce only one of the two products. The
following information is available:
Per Unit Data
Product A
Product B
Selling price
$88.20
$80.00
Variable costs
52.80
52.80
Fixed costs will total $369,600 if Product A is produced but will be only $316,800 if
Product B is produced. D Company is subject to a 40% income tax rate. If the
company desires an after-tax profit of $24,000, how many units of Product B will
the company have to sell? (Points : 1)
a.
4,460
b.
12,529
c.
13,118
d.
13,853
11.
Select the correct statement concerning special order decisions. (Points : 1)
a. Such decisions must not violate the Robinson-Patman Act which prohibits
companies from pricing the same product at different levels when those
amounts do not reflect related cost differences.
b. Companies may give ad hoc discounts if such concessions relate to real or
imagined competitive pressures.
c. Special order decisions often hinge on productive capacity issues.
d. All of the above are correct.
12.
R Company sells a product for $10.00 that has the following unit cost:
Direct material
$1.60
Direct labor
2.40
Variable overhead
1.20
Fixed overhead
1.30
Total unit cost
$6.50
A company that does not compete with R Company's existing customers has made
an offer to purchase 1,000 units of the product at a proposed price of $6.00. R
Company is currently selling all of the units it can produce to its existing
customers. Select the correct statement from the following. (Points : 1)
a.
Reject the offer since the offer price is less than the unit production cost.
b.
Accept the offer since the offer price exceeds the sum of the variable
costs.
c.
Reject the offer to avoid a $4.00 per unit decrease in profit on
the 1,000 units.
d.
Accept the offer since the offer price exceeds the unit fixed cost.
13.
Select the correct definition of segment margin from the following: (Points :
1)
a.
Revenue - Expenses
b.
Revenue - Variable Costs
c.
Revenue - Variable Costs - Avoidable Fixed Costs
d.
Revenue - Variable Costs - Unavoidable Fixed Costs
14.
A product that results from a joint process may be classified as (Points : 1)
a.
a joint product.
b.
a by-product.
c.
scrap.
d.
All of the above.
15.
Select the incorrect statement from the following. (Points : 1)
a. Producing first-quality merchandise and factory seconds in a single operation
can be viewed as a joint process.
b. Waste is a residual output from many production processes whose
sales value is comparable to that of by-products.
c. By-products are distinguished from scrap by their higher sales value.
d. While joint cost allocations are necessary to determine financial statement
valuations, such allocations should not be used in making internal decisions.
16.
Select the incorrect statement concerning the split-off point. (Points : 1)
a. The split-off point is the point at which joint process outputs are first
identifiable as individual products.
b. If joint output is processed beyond the split-off point, additional costs will be
incurred and must be assigned to the specific products for which those costs
were incurred.
c. A single joint process cannot have multiple spit-off points.
d. Output may be sold at the split-off point or processed further and then sold.
17.
In joint product costing and analysis, which one of the following costs is
relevant when deciding the point at which a product should be sold in order to
maximize profits? (Points : 1)
a.
Purchase costs of the materials required for the joint products
b.
Separable costs after the split-off point
c.
Joint costs to the split-off point
d.
Sales salaries for the period when the units were produced
18.
Before committing resources to a joint process, management must first
decide whether total expected revenue from selling the joint output 'basket' of
products is likely to exceed the:
a.
selling expenses for the goods.
b.
joint costs and separate processing costs after split-off.
c.
d.
How much of the joint costs should be allocated to Product A under the
approximated net realizable value at split-off? (Note: round percentages to zero
decimal places.) (Points : 1)
a.
$4,600,000
b.
$4,100,000
c.
$1,300,000
d.
None of the above
25.
P Inc. always generates a certain amount of waste due to the nature of its
production activities regardless of which products it is producing at the time. After
production in a recent month, the company sold $200 of scrap. Which of the
following is the correct entry to record the sale of the scrap using the realized
value approach? (Points : 1)
a.
Cash 200
Manufacturing Overhead 200
b.
Cash 200
Finished Goods 200
c.
Cash 200
Scrap Inventory 200
d.
Cash 200
Work in Process 200
26.
Select the incorrect statement concerning the accounting for by-product and
scrap. (Points : 1)
a. Reducing joint cost by the NRV of the by-product/scrap is the traditional
method used to account for such goods.
b. Regardless of whether a company uses the NRV or the realized value
approach, the specific method used to account for by-product should be
established before the joint cost is allocated to the joint products.
c. Two common methods used to account for by-products are the NRV approach
and the realized value approach.
d. Under the realized value approach, the estimated selling price of
the by-product is recognized prior its actual sale.
27.
Not-for-profit organizations may charge the entire cost of a joint activity to
fund-raising if all of the following criteria are met except: (Points : 1)
a.
amount.
b.
audience.
c.
content.
d.
purpose.
28.
If a majority of compensation or fees for anyone performing a part of an
activity is tied to contributions raised, the activity automatically fails the (Points :
1)
a. purpose criterion and all costs of the activity must be charged to program
activities.
b. content criterion and all costs of the activity must be charged to fund-raising.
c. purpose criterion and all costs of the activity must be charged to
fund-raising.
d. audience criterion and all costs of the activity must be charged to
administrative activities.
Unit 7 Quiz
1. An ad hoc sales discount is (Points : 1)
2.
3.
4.
5.
a.
an allowance for an inferior quality of marketed goods.
b.
a discount that an ad hoc committee must decide on.
c.
brought about by competitive pressures.
d.
none of the above.
Eichholtz Company uses 10,000 units of a part in its production process. The costs
to make a part are: direct material, $12; direct labor, $25; variable overhead, $13;
and applied fixed overhead, $30. Eichholtz has received a quote of $55 from a
potential supplier for this part. If Eichholtz buys the part, 70 percent of the applied
fixed overhead would continue. Eichholtz Company would be better off by (Points :
1)
a.
$50,000 to manufacture the part.
b.
$150,000 to buy the part.
c.
$40,000 to buy the part.
d.
$160,000 to manufacture the part.
Collins Company uses 12,000 units of a part in its production process. The costs to
make a part are: direct material, $15; direct labor, $27; variable overhead, $15;
and applied fixed overhead, $32. Eichholtz has received a quote of $60 from a
potential supplier for this part. If Collins buys the part, 75 percent of the applied
fixed overhead would continue. Collins Company would be better off by (Points : 1)
a.
$30,000 to manufacture the part.
b.
$348,000 to buy the part.
c.
$60,000 to buy the part.
d.
$216,000 to manufacture the part.
Buxton Company is currently operating at a loss of $15,000. The sales manager
has received a special order for 5,000 units of product, which normally sells for $35
per unit. Costs associated with the product are: direct material, $6; direct labor,
$10; variable overhead, $3; applied fixed overhead, $4; and variable selling
expenses, $2. The special order would allow the use of a slightly lower grade of
direct material, thereby lowering the price per unit by $1.50 and selling expenses
would be decreased by $1. If Buxton wants this special order to increase the total
net income for the firm to $10,000, what sales price must be quoted for each of
the 5,000 units? (Points : 1)
a.
$23.50
b.
$24.50
c.
$27.50
d.
$34.00
The Southern Digital, Inc. produces a high-quality computer chip. Unit production
costs (based on capacity production of 100,000 units per year) follow:
Direct material
$50
Direct labor
20
Overhead (20% variable)
10
Other information:
Sales price
100
SG&A costs (40% variable) 15
Assume, for this question only, that the Memory Division is producing and selling at
capacity. What is the minimum selling price that the division would consider on a
"special order" of 1,000 chips on which no variable period costs would be incurred?
(Points : 1)
a.
$100
b.
$72
c.
$81
d.
$94
6. The Southern Digital, Inc. produces a high-quality computer chip. Unit production
costs (based on capacity production of 100,000 units per year) follow:
Direct material
$50
Direct labor
20
Overhead (20% variable)
10
Other information:
Sales price
100
SG&A costs (40% variable)
15
Assume, for this question only, that the Memory Division is operating at a level of
70,000 chips per year. What is the minimum price that the division would consider
on a "special order" of 1,000 chips to be distributed through normal channels?
(Points : 1)
a.
$78
b.
$95
c.
$100
d.
$81
7. The Southern Digital, Inc. produces a high-quality computer chip. Unit production
costs (based on capacity production of 100,000 units per year) follow:
Direct material
$50
Direct labor
20
Overhead (20% variable)
10
Other information:
Sales price
100
SG&A costs (40% variable)
15
Assume, for this question only, that the Memory Division is presently operating at a
level of 80,000 chips per year. Accepting a "special order" on 2,000 chips at $88
will (Points : 1)
a.
increase total corporate profits by $4,000.
b.
increase total corporate profits by $20,000.
c.
decrease total corporate profits by $14,000.
d.
decrease total corporate profits by $24,000.
8. Which of the following statements is true regarding by-products or scrap? (Points :
1)
a. Process costing is the only method that should result in by-products or scrap.
b. Job order costing systems will never have by-products or scrap.
c. Job order costing systems may have instances where by-products or
scrap result from the production process.
d. Process costing will never have by-products or scrap from the production
process.
9. The method of pricing by-products/scrap where no value is assigned to these items
until they are sold is known as the (Points : 1)
a.
net realizable value at split-off point method.
b.
sales value at split-off method.
c.
realized value approach.
d.
approximated net realizable value at split-off method.
10.
Riley Company produces two products from a joint process: A and C. Joint
processing costs for this production cycle are $9,000.
Yards
Sales Price
Disposal
Further
Final Sales
@ Split-Off
Cost @
Processing
Price
Split-Off
A
1,800
$7.00
$4.50
$1.50
$8.00
C
2,600
10.00
6.00
3.50
12.25
If A and C are processed further, no disposal costs will be incurred or such costs
will be borne by the buyer.
11.
Using sales value at split-off, what amount of joint processing cost is
allocated to Product A (round to the nearest dollar)? (Points : 1)
a.
$2,938
b.
$3,682
c.
$4,500
d.
$6,062
12.
Using sales value at split-off, what amount of joint processing cost is
allocated to Product C (round to the nearest dollar)?
a. $2,718
b. $4,500
c. $6,062
d. $6,282
13.
Using net realizable value at split-off, what amount of joint processing cost is
allocated to Product C (round to the nearest dollar)?
a. $2,718
b. $4,500
c. $6,062
d. $6,282
14.
Using approximated net realizable value at split-off, what amount of joint
processing cost is allocated to Product A (round to the nearest dollar)? (Points : 1)
a.
$2,718
b.
$2,934
c.
$3,014
d.
$4,500
15.
Using approximated net realizable value at split-off, what amount of joint
processing cost is allocated to Product C (round to the nearest dollar)? (Points : 1)
a.
$4,500
b.
$5,986
c.
$6,062
d.
$6,282
c.
management control system (MCS).
d.
management information system (MIS).
3. Which of the following is not a primary component of a management control
system? (Points : 1)
a.
Assessor
b.
Black box
c.
Effector
d.
Sensor
4. Which of the following is not an organizational role of a cost management system?
(Points : 1)
a.
Help manage core competencies
b.
Link plans and strategies to actual organizational performance
c.
Help identify tactics to fend off organizational threats
d.
Identify the organization's mission
5. Which of the following is not a primary goal of a cost management system?
(Points : 1)
a.
Assess product/service life-cycle performance
b.
Develop accurate product costs
c.
Identify the company's least profitable customers
d.
Measure performance
6. The product/service costs generated by the CMS are used for which of the following
purposes? (Points : 1)
a.
Prepare financial statements
b.
Create a basis for performance measurements
c.
Establish prices for cost-plus contracts
d.
All of the above
7. The relative composition of an organization's fixed and variable costs and, thus,
how costs change relative to changes in production or sales volume is referred to
as its: (Points : 1)
a.
cost behavior.
b.
cost horizon.
c.
cost pattern.
d.
cost structure.
8. The underlying set of assumptions about the entity and the goals, processes,
practices, and values that its member share is referred to as its: (Points : 1)
a.
mission.
b.
strategic plan.
c.
organizational culture.
d.
organizational structure.
9. The strategy of identifying and exploiting temporary opportunities for advantage is
known as a (Points : 1)
a.
confrontational strategy.
b.
cost leadership strategy.
c.
differentiation strategy.
d.
systematic strategy.
10.
Core competencies which are the operational dimensions that are key to the
company's survival include: (Points : 1)
a.
quality.
b.
customer service.
c.
cost control.
d.
all of the above.
11.
c.
d.
19.
1)
a.
b.
c.
d.
value chain.
pull system.
The primary objective of a pull system of production is to minimize: (Points :
26.
Unit 8 Quiz
1. A cost management system (Points : 1)
a. is finalized when the information currently being produced is the same as the
information currently desired.
b. can be generically designed to fit the information needs of the majority of
domestic (but not global) organizations.
c. must be continuously improved to adapt to changes in an
organization's internal and external environment.
d. that has been appropriately designed from gap analysis, does not need to be
changed unless there is a change in organizational management or culture.
2. Which of the following indicates the mission being pursued by a subunit that is
using cash? generating cash? (Points : 1)
a.
save harvest
b.
build save
c.
harvest build
d.
build harvest
3. An increase in the use of technology has caused (Points : 1)
a. fewer costs to be susceptible to short-run control.
b. companies to be more flexible in responding to changing short-term
conditions.
c. managers to be less concerned about capacity utilization because of the
increased ability to produce in large quantities.
d. a decline in the amount of fixed costs in an organization.
4. The life cycles of many products are becoming shorter (Points : 1)
a. causing companies to recognize that it may be more advantageous
to confront, rather than compete with, the competition.
b. making products in the maturity stage of their life cycle the basis on which
firms expect growth to be generated.
c. so companies spend less and less on product design and development
because products will not last as long as previously.
d. meaning that tools such as benchmarking and target costing become less
important in adapting to the competitive environment.
5. Most managers evaluate decision alternatives based on how (Points : 1)
a. much the decision will increase or decrease organizational profits.
b. the outcomes may affect selected performance measurement and
reward criteria.
c. much the outcome will reduce the organization's cost of capital.
d. easily the decision impacts can be quantified in the organization's cost
management system.
6. Target costing (Points : 1)
a.
can be applied to services if they are sufficiently uniform.
b.
can be applied to services only if they are automated.
c.
can be applied to services that are performed in a manufacturing
environment.
d.
cannot be applied to services.
7. Which of the following statements is false concerning electronic data interchange?
(Points : 1)
a.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) is essential in a pull system.
b.
One of the benefits realized by EDI organizations is a faster processing
of transactions.
c.
Electronic data interchange is essential in a push system.
d.
Electronic data interchange refers to computer-to-computer exchange of
information.
8. When JIT is implemented, which of the following changes in the accounting system
would not be expected? (Points : 1)
a.
fewer cost allocations
b.
elimination of standard costs
c.
combining labor and overhead into one product cost category
d.
combing raw material and materials in work-in-process into one product
cost category
9. In which life-cycle stage are product quality improvements and stable selling prices
likely to occur? (Points : 1)
a.
introduction
b.
growth
c.
maturity
d.
decline
10.
From a cost management view, research and development cost represents
(Points : 1)
a.
a life-cycle investment
b.
a period expense.
c.
an unearned revenue.
d.
a risk reserve.
11.
In a JIT manufacturing environment, product costing information is least
important for use in (Points : 1)
a.
work in process inventory valuation.
b.
pricing decisions.
c.
product profitability analysis.
d.
make-or-buy decisions.
12.
With JIT manufacturing, which of the following costs would be considered a
direct product cost? (Points : 1)
a.
insurance on the plant
b.
utilities used for manufacturing
c.
janitors' salaries
d.
salary of the plant supervisor
13.
The JIT environment has caused a reassessment of product costing
techniques. Which of the following statements is true with respect to this
reassessment? (Points : 1)
a. Traditional cost allocations based on direct labor are being
questioned and criticized.
b. The federal government, through the SEC, is responsible for the
reassessment.
c. The reassessment is caused by the replacement of machine hours with labor
hours.
d. None of the above is true.
14.
When a firm adopts the just-in-time method of management, (Points : 1)
a. employees are retrained on different equipment, but the plant layout
generally remains unchanged.
b. new machinery and equipment must be purchased from franchised JIT
dealers.
c. machinery and equipment are moved into small autonomous
production lines called islands or cells.
d. new, more efficient machinery and equipment are purchased and installed in
the original plant layout.
15.
Which of the following describes the effect on direct labor when
management adopts the JIT philosophy? (Points : 1)
a. Each direct labor person performs a single task, thereby allowing that person
to reach his or her theoretical potential.
b. Because each person runs a single machine in a JIT environment, there are
more employees classified as direct labor.
c. The environment becomes more labor-intensive.
8. Installation of an ERP system impacts the financial function in all of the following
ways except:
a. Financial specialists have to find ways to finance the acquisition of
the ERP system.
b. Financial and system specialists become responsible for selecting and
installing the software.
c. Financial specialists will be responsible for analyzing the data repository to
support management decisions.
d. Finance specialists are accountable for integrating externally purchased data
with internally generated data.
9. Which technique uses statistical techniques to uncover answers to important
questions about business operations? (Points : 1)
a.
business process reengineering (BPR)
b.
data mining
c.
employee to capital cost ratio (ECC)
d.
enterprise resource planning system (ERP)
10.
Joint ventures, equity investments, and technology swaps are examples of
(Points : 1)
a.
venture capitalists.
b.
licensing agreements.
c.
strategic alliances.
d.
exclusive buyer-seller agreements
11.
An agreement involving two or more firms to jointly contribute to the supply
chain (Points : 1)
a.
involves the exploitation of partner knowledge.
b.
includes partners with access to different markets.
c.
allows sharing of risks and rewards.
d.
all of the above.
12.
Characteristics of firms that are best suited to a successful implementation
of open-book management include all of the following except: (Points : 1)
a.
small size.
b.
centralized management.
c.
a history of employee empowerment.
d.
the presence of trust between employees and managers.
13.
Open-book management: (Points : 1)
a. decreases the transparency of information within an organization.
b. requires accountants to change from a mind-set of sharing to guarding
information.
c. frequently uses games and meetings to make information
understandable to financially unsophisticated employees.
d. centralizes both authority to make decisions and responsibility for decision
results.
14.
Which of the following is not a common principle of open-book management?
(Points : 1)
a.
Teach employees to understand the company's financial results
b.
Link nonfinancial measures to financial results
c.
Empower employees by allowing them to evaluate their own
performance
d.
Turn the management of the business into a game that employees can
win
15.
Which of the following is not a general approach to controlling environmental
costs? (Points : 1)
a.
Signing the Kyoto Protocol to reduce pollution
b.
Cleaning up pollutants after they are produced
c.
Improving processes to reduce the amount of waste produced
d.
Preventing pollution by never producing polluting materials
Unit 9 Quiz
1. ERP stands for (Points : 1)
a.
enterprise resource production.
b.
enterprise resource purchasing.
c.
enterprise resource planning.
d.
enterprise resource processing.
2. ERP systems are (Points : 1)
a.
packaged software.
b.
methods of examining processes.
c.
ways to downsize.
d.
ways to expand geographical operations.
3. ERP systems should help a company (Points : 1)
a.
improve quality.
b.
improve service.
c.
reduce overhead.
d.
all of the above.
4. Data mining is used to (Points : 1)
a.
uncover quality problems.
b.
study customer retention.
c.
identify cost drivers.
d.
all of the above.
5. Data mining (Points : 1)
a.
is packaged software.
b.
is a method of examining processes.
c.
uses statistical techniques to solve problems.
d.
is a way to downsize.
6. A strategic alliance is a (Points : 1)
a.
packaged software.
b.
way for two companies to jointly contribute to the supply chain.
c.
way to downsize.
d.
method of examining processes.
7. Strategic alliances take the form of (Points : 1)
a.
joint ventures.
b.
technology swaps.
c.
licensing.
d.
all of the above.
8. ____ allows a company to accomplish a technology swap. (Points : 1)
a.
Data mining
b.
Strategic alliance
c.
Diversity
d.
BPR