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Mathematics IV

First Partial Formulary


Rectangular and polar coordinates
Changing form of coordinates:
Rectangular coordinates:
(x,y)
Polar coordinates:
(r,)

x = rcos

y = rsin
( )

Distance between two rectangular coordinates (x1,y1) and (x2,y2)

Distance between two polar coordinates (r1,) and (r2,)


where: = -

Point that divides a linear segment at a given rate r:


Midpoint of a segment:

Line
Slope:

Angle of a slope:

General equation for a line: Ax + By + C = 0


Point-slope equation:

Equation of the line that passes through two points:


Slope and intersection with the y-axis:
Intercept with abscissas and ordinates form:
Parallelism theorem: m1 = m2
Perpendicularity theorem:
Minimal distance between point (x1,y1) to line Ax + By + C = 0

Angle between lines


(

)(

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