Rectangular and polar coordinates Changing form of coordinates: Rectangular coordinates: (x,y) Polar coordinates: (r,)
x = rcos
y = rsin ( )
Distance between two rectangular coordinates (x1,y1) and (x2,y2)
Distance between two polar coordinates (r1,) and (r2,)
where: = -
Point that divides a linear segment at a given rate r:
Midpoint of a segment:
Line Slope:
Angle of a slope:
General equation for a line: Ax + By + C = 0
Point-slope equation:
Equation of the line that passes through two points:
Slope and intersection with the y-axis: Intercept with abscissas and ordinates form: Parallelism theorem: m1 = m2 Perpendicularity theorem: Minimal distance between point (x1,y1) to line Ax + By + C = 0