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ALKANES POLYALKENES
PRIMARY AMINES
ALKENES DIHALOALKANES
HALOALKANES ALKYL
HYDROGEN EPOXYALKANES DIOLS
SULPHATES
ALCOHOLS
NITRILES
CARBONYLS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
You need to know the equations, conditions, reagents and type of reaction for all these
reactions.
1. Alkane chloroalkane
reagents: Cl2
conditions: UV light
mechanism: free radical substitution
equation: RH + Cl2 RCl + HCl
2. Alkene polyalkene
Conditions: low T, high p.
Equation:
C C
n C C
C C + H Br C C
Br H
4. Alkene dibromoalkane
Reagent: Br2 in water or in an organic solvent
Conditions: room T
Equation:
C C + Br Br C C
Br Br
5. Alkene alkylhydrogensulphate
Reagent: concentrated sulphuric acid
Conditions: cold
Equation:
C C + H OSO3H C C
H OSO3H
6. Alkylhydrogensulphate alcohol
Reagent: water
Conditions: warm
Equation:
C C
C C +
+ H2O H OSO3H
H OSO3H
H OH
7. Alkene alkane
Reagent: hydrogen
Conditions: 150 oC, Ni catalyst
Equation:
H H C C
C C +
H H
OH H
9. Alkene epoxyalkane
Reagent: oxygen
Conditions: 300 oC, silver catalyst
Equation:
O
C C + 1/2 O O C C
C C + H H HO C C OH
O
C C -
R C C X + X + H2O
R R
R R
Type of reaction: elimination
C C H C C + H2O
OH
Type of reaction: elimination