CONTENTS

2: . ...---p rofit & Loss

,3.

Ratio and Proportion

4.

Partnerships problems~s . Average~

5

'"

11. Streams

12. Chain Ru:le

13. Tlme and Work

. ~. /~

14. Areas"p.

~ 15. VolumesandSurfaceAreas

e

....

-;,-.

a'~I.t ... ,,-~ ... I'·'~"

t. 1-

1-10
11-,20
21-27
8-31
32-35
I
36-38 ,I
.,
3944-
45-51
52 .. ;;7
58 .. 62
63~65
66-6:8
69' .. 74
75 .. 80 ... \

PERCENTAGES,

-

INTR·O,DUCTION

. .

Percent means the result for every hundred. The symbol % can be replaced by a Iractlon whose denominator is 100 ..

1. Ravi got 60% of marks ill El1gHsh exam out of

60

90 means, he scored - x 90 = ·54 marks 100

Percentage, can be expressed either in the form of a fraction or in the form of a d.ecimat as fonows:

36 9 36 .

36%:::::-:=- or ·~=O.36 100 25 100

Some useful fraotions are:

20m 20 1

, -/O~-=-

100 5

33' 1 tr/. _ 100 ." 1 _

-70-~X-

3 3 100

1620/0=50X __ l_=!

3- 3 100 6

2 200 1 2

66-%=-x~=-

3 3 100 3

A fraction or a decimal can be converted into a percentage as follows:

1 .1 ': ,

.;.... = -xIOO:: 50%

2 2

t If). 21-

-=-xlvO=:l '--%

8 8 ,2

-

FORMULA

x iswhat % of ~

x ·~xl00

y

---

EXAMPLES

Ex : 1) a} 28 is what p,ercentage of 112 '1

Ex: 2)

a) 8QD/o ef 70 + 40% of 90 = ?

Sol: (I:X70}( I: x90 ) =·56 + se = 92

b) 25% of 96 + 75%0" 48 == ?

Sol: (:X96 }(!X4s1= 24 +36;,= eo Ex: 3) ,

a) 30 -percent of a number is 120. What Is 40rQ_ of the. number ?

.-'

Sol:

an

--- Xx,=:120~ x:;;;: 400

100 .. _.

40

-, 40% of v = ~x400:= 160

d . ~ IQO

0.6,= 0.6 x 100 = 60% 0.75 = 0,.75 x 100= 75%

__ ...-_, ~ ~_~,_~ .....-; ....... _._~ __ - __ ~iIIiiiiiioooo_~_I_

, (fM)

C .. eativ.e L~arninn, In~.i+ .. t .... , Ii ......... -- ......... --~.-"- III_~-.-·-. - _. _ •• _ .....

b) 20% of a number is 60., What is 15% of the same number?

Sol:

20x " ~:60=>x=300 100

15. .

:. 15% ot x == ~x300:= 45

100 .

Ex : 4) 32<'/0 ·of a number exceeds 12% of the same by 80. What is the numbe.r ?

Sol : 32% of x - 12% of x =: 80

20x,;;:::8'O ~ 20% of x== 80 => 100 .

:. x::: 400

I If' a number increases by 10% of it,. it becomes 110% of itself.

t Simi'larly, lif a number decrease,s by 10% of it, it becomes 90% of itself.

x : 5} A number when increases by 20% of i't, giv·es 84. What is the number?

01 :

120

x + 20% of x = 84 :::::;> +:': x 100

:. x = 70

(:.6)

.: x = 50'0

: 7) If 30%, of a number, Is added to 84, the result· is the number ltself, What is the, number ?

I : 30% of x + 84 == X'

70

x - 30% of x ;: 84 ~ 100x == 84

r. x = 120

FORMULA

rf a quantity is tn.crease"d, the percentage of increase

.

Increase

= - xlOO

initial value

Similarly, if a quantity is decreased; then . percentage of decr'ease

decrease

_ - - xlOO

- initial value .

Ex: 10) The price of a book' is increased from ,300 to Rs. 312. Wha·t is the percentage

lnerease in its rice? .

OO~4%

,

Sol:

1$

"

1'f1$*,t 't"'{

Ex : t1!Jt7pH~ numb ~ . ~f students in a sc

~ . de~sed to' 160 from.20Q. What is

"I' . .

,ntage, of decrease in the number

, 'lents?

_ 40

Decrease %, = ~-xl00= 20% 200

Ex : 12) The weight 0,1 a bag is 60 kg. But in hurry it Is measured as ,61_8 kg. What the percentage of error in measuring weight?

Sol : Error (increase) percentage

1 .. 8 10

;; _·_x ' 0=30/0

60 .

Ex : 1'3) In a school of 400 students 48'% of students failed in the exam, What is .. number ot students passed the exam?

Sol;

48% of students failed

=} 5?% of the students passed the exam

\

52 400 52% of 400 = -X.' '.

. -' 100

= 20Sstudents passed the exam

Ex : 14)~. r. Rame.s.h .sp .. en~.-s. 28% of his salary on

. f od, 1 O~/o on house rent, 8'% on

_ .nsportati'on" 15% on children edueatlon, 9'~ on clothing, 10% on other expenses and saves Rs,. 1,40.0 per month. What ls his salary ?

Sol : Let his salary be 'x' Total Expenditure is

28 +- 10 + ,8 + 15 + 9 +10 = 80% :. Savings r; 20% of x = 1,4'00

20

:=;> ----:- x x :::; I, 400 100

., x;:: Bs, 7,000

Ex : 15) A student has to g,et 38% of marks to pass the examinatio,n. Ki'ran got 81 marks a,nd failed by 14 marks. What is the maximum mark?

Sol : Let the maximum mark be '.x'

38 .

3~% oqx)::: (81 + 14) ~ IOOX = 95

X ::: 25.0 is the maximum mark,. 1~

=x : 16) In a school of 600 studenIS,¥".,! "tt'~ii1's. 30% of the boys, a9f1~Q,% of th~~Yailed the exam. WhahWWl:he stud~Hls in the

school passed, ii' ex'ati.,;1 '

un 'rl

4o't;tfiul!;;

;,01 : 400~ of 600 == - x 600 = 240 g.irls

I' - 100

_.-

:. Number of boys =: 600 ~ 240 = 360 Number of boys fail,ed the exam

30 .

;:: ~x360= 108 100

., Number of girls 1ailed the exam

50

= --x240=120 100

:, Total number 01 students passed 600-(108 + 120) =372'

Percenta:ge of students passed

372 ~100 = 62% 600

Ex : 17) In an election, two candidates contested.

A candidate got. 38°/0 of the votes polled and lost to his rival by 3600 votes. Flind the total number of votes polled? .

Sol : Let the total number of votes be x

The votes polled for the defeated candidate 38

--x

- 10.0

:. x = 15,,000

- - " ,

SHORT .. CUT METHOD

Let. the total number-ot votes polled be 100. The defeated candidate got 38 votes

~ The winning candidate got 62 votes The difference = 62 - 38 ::: 24

If the difference is 24 4 Total number of votes is 100

If the dlffe,renee is 3600 -7' Total No .. of votes = ?

3600x100= 15,000 24

18.

60 .Iit,res of a mixture of milk and water contains 35'% of water. Jf 10 fitres of milk is added, what win be, the percentage' ,of wat.er inl the resultant mixture 7

Sol:

35 . .

Q. uan1ity of water::: -x60 = 21 litres

- . - 100

Percentage of water inthe final mixture

Sol : If C is 1 QO, then A is 6,0 and 8 is 80

21

== xIOO= 30%

(60+10)

Sol:

The value of ,3 box Increases by 20% ' annually. If Its present value is Rs. 800, what will be its value after 2 years?

The value after 2 years w'ill be

Ex: 20) The value of a building decreases by 10% annually. If its value is Rs,. 2,00,000, what wUl be' its value 3 years hence?

Sol: After, 3 years, its value will be'

90 90 90 =0 2,00,000)( 100 Xl 00 x 100

= "As. 1,45,BOO

Ex : 21) In a factory, 20%, of cars are blue, 40%. of the remaining are 'rea, 66o/~ot/fl\~\ remaining, are while and the remai,ni_,(g 10 are green in colour. What is tWe total number of cars in the fa.cto

Sol : [Hint: A number when oscreas (100-a)%j

Let 'X' be the tot ,f cars

\

I ~ ,.

J 8060 3·

xx-x-- x-=d02

100 100 100

:. x == 625

FORMULA

If a > b, a is more than b

" [b ]

a-·· ..

by ~b~, xlOO %

If a < b, a is less than b

[b-a ]

by -h-XIOO %

Ex : 22) A and B are less than C by 40'% and 20% respectively. By what percentage A is less

than B? " . .

-~---,---~--- ------~,-,--

20 -

60 is less than 80 by 80 xiOO == 25%

Ex : 23} ,If A Is more than B by 200/0, by what ~%:I B·

less than A '1 .

Sol: If B is 100, then A is 120

By what percentage 100 is less than 12.0 ?

20 2

;;; -xIOO=16-%

120 3

FORMULA

S,econd Method:

, ff A is ,more than B '~Y a% then B is 'less than

a-

( a

. by 100+ a

~~. " ,.

he price~\1J sugar is increased by 25 kg by wh,at percentage t . umptlon of sugar be reduced so t e expenditure on this account remai

c,onstant?

20 1 2

- =_- x 00=16-%

loa 3

Sol:' As the price increased from Rs. 11000 to A 125, the consumption must be reduced fr

125 to 100 kg,. '

. 25 .

=:;> e of decrease :: - X 100 == 20%

. - .. 125

FORMULA

II' a% and bOlo are two sucqe.ssive changes.

. I

( ab )

then ,the o~erau change = a + b + 100 %

.

Ex :25) The price of VCD player is decreased

10%, tbere by us sales is increased by 2_ what is the percentage change' in t turnover for the shopkeeper?

Sol; a= -10%, and b::;; 20% Net change in the, turnover the shop kee

,lOx20 .

:::: - 10 +-20 '- :=; 8% in. crease

100 - .

--_ -'~-'----=-- -=-----~---

· . :.., , -

- - . - . _~_ _', , _. - 1

(EXERCISE -1]

,

42 ls what percentage of 168,? .

1) 20% 2) 25'% 3) 30%, 4) 40%

3'61s what percenta,ge of ,80 ?

1 ) 65% 2) 55% 3) 45%\ 4) 35%

'What p,ercentageof 17,5 is 91' ?

1) 1 n2% 2) 52% I -3) 68Q/o 4) 72%

60 Ps. is what -erc - nt- - e - f- R,c ·2·4 ..,

.. __ p _e .. ag as. :;

1 ) 5/2 (i/o . ~) 3/2°/Q 3) 8/9°'/0 4) 2/9 Qj ...

16 m is what percentage of 8 km ?

1) 13'% 2) 14% - 3) 2%. 4) None !

25"% of 96 + 75% of 48 =·7% of' 80

1) 90

3) 60

2)80

70 percent ,of a number is 140. What i~s68Ci/o of the number?

1) 156

2) 136/ 3) 176

4)196

30°1 -f - n b- . '1-8'0'· W- h· t ls 15°1 f ... /Q o. a .,urn er IS -. - a IS -. 10d'

thtree flmes of 'he same number? ' ~-4'"

1) 160

2)80

3)280

1

39% of a number exceeds' 1 by 48. What is the number .

1} 180 2) 260 40/

A number when 78. What is the

g:ives

1) 66

2)60,

4)90

I.

A number when decreased by 14%01 it, gives 215. What is, the number-?

1~) 270

3) 250/ 4)240·

2.

40% of a number, when added to 42, results in the number itself. What is the number?

1)60

,2)70/

3) 80

~.

24% of·a nl:lm'berj when subtracted froml 74.4,

~l

'gl\/esthe '!'lumber liseJf. What Is the number?

1) 70' \2) 65 3) 60 4) 80 -

In a fraction, the numerator is decreased by 25'% and the, denominator is increased by 20%, then the value of the fractlen becomes 15116. Find the origi'nal fraetlen ?

1) 314 2) 3/2 3) 315 4) 3/9

.'---""r'- - - -- _.......; - _....... - -_ .. - -. --- - --

'115. The price ota pen i$lncreased from Rs .. 80 to Rs. 96 .. What is the ·pe:rcentage of lnerease in its price ?

1) 40% 2) .20% r 3} 60% 4) 70%

16. The number of students in it school daereased to 22'0 from 250. What [s the ipercentage of decrease in the number of stllJdenls '7

1) 10% 2) 11% 3) 120/' 4} 13°10

117. The weight of a box is 40 kg,. But in a hurry it Is measured 8841 .. 8 kg. What is ~he percentag.e f error in measuring its weight .. 1

4.50;/" -~3) 5r~ 4) 8%

1i8. % ai'his salarY" What is his

.ry is Rs. 12,000 ?

) Rs. 1.. 2) IRs, 2160/

~Js. 1940 4) Rs. 2040

school of 900 students 19% of the udents f,ailedln an exam. What is the I number oli students passed the exam?

I

1} 726 2} 129/3) 821 4) 741

Manoj . spends 30% of his salary on food, 10% on heusa.rent, 8°/0 on transportation, ,"5% on chndreneduca~ion,~% on clothing, 10%; towards other expenses,' and saves Rs. 2160 pet m.onth. What is hissalaty?

1) Rs, 12,500 2) Rs. 12,000/·

3) Rs .. 36,OOO 4) Rs.15,QOO

Ravl scored 82% of..m~rks in Paper A out of I 50 and 480/0 of marks in Pap-e'r Bout o,f 75. I Whalis the percentage of marks he scored in two papers?

1) 60.8P10

,3) 61J6°/'

20.

21.

2,61.99,:0 4)~,j.B%

22.

Astude.nf has to get 40% of marks tal pass an examination. Kiran got 89 marks and failed by 31 marks-. What i:S the maximum mark?

1.)200 3)600

2)300" 4)280

_.-. ------~.----~----

23.

In an examination R,aju got 3-7% of total marks and tailed by ,39, while Kiran g:ot 73% of total marks got 69 marks more than the necessary to, pass the exam, What is the percentage of marks required to pass the examin,ation ?

1) 40%, 2) 50%" 3) 60%

4)45%

24.

In a school of 300 students, 40% are girls. 30% of the boys, and 500/0 of the girls failed lin an exam. What, % of' the students in the - school passed theexam ?

1) 39% 2) 36%

3) 61%

4) 62'%/'

Two candidates contested in an electlon, A candidate got 34% of the votes polled and lost to his rival by 5120 votes. Find the total, number of votes polled.

1) 12,000 2.) 14,000 3) 16,000/.4) 1,.5,000

26. In an e'lection between two' candidates, 20,% oflhevotes polled 8'reinvali,d. A candidate got 60% of the valid votes and won by a , majority of 6400 votes. What is the total number et votes polled?

1). 54,000 2) .32',000 3) 40,OO()!l 4) 48,00

25.

27. 80 litlres of a 'mixture of mil contains 35% of water. If 4 I ' added, what win be the percen in 'the resultant mi

1).20%

1

3) 33- % 3

28.

The price of a box increases by 200/0 annually. If its present price is As. 700, what wi n be its, price after 2, years?

1) Rs. 11006 3) RS.1009

2) Rs. 1112

4) Rs. 1008/

29.

The value of a mach ine decreases by 1. 0,% annually. If its value is Rs. 1,20,000, what win be its value 3 years hence?

1} Rs.. 86,000 3) Rs. 87,4BO

2) Rs. 87,460 4) As. 81,640

er

31.

32,.

34.

The nu mber of; emplaye~s in an office iincreased by 10% and by 20% in successive years. If the present stre,ngth the office is 792.. What was the number employees in that office two years ago?

1)700

2}600

3)650

4}480

In Eli factory, 20% of bicycles are blue,,· of the remaining are red, 6.6% ,o-f . remaining are white and the remai'ning 1 are green lin colour. What is the total n I of bicycles in the factory?

1) 400 2) 600

3) 625 4) 615

If A is more than B by 2D%; by what % B less than A ?

2) 16 2 -_ 3

4)18%

'" schootlP.:'te number of boys is less ta f girls t,;y 20"/0. By what percentage 'er o,t girls is more than that of boys

2) 25o/~{

3)40%

4)60.%

X is more than Y by 20% and Z is less Y by 20%. By wha.t percentage X is thanZ?

1)60% 3) 50%'

2:) 40Q/o 4)30%

35.

A and B are less than C by 30% and respe,ctivel:y. IBy what percentage A is, than B?

'1) 10% ,3) 1,2 .. 5%

2)' 11.5'%1' 4) 16.5%)

3S.

The prlee of onion is lncreased bY'1 0%, what percentage the consumption of """i,,.. be reduced so that the expenditure on aeeount remains sam.e?

1) 10'Vc

1

2) 9-% . II

4) 116%

_. __ . __ -_iiiiiiiiiio.II ~'!!!!!!!!!!-----;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!---'-------~!!!!!!!!!!'--

7 PERCENTAGES

- - -- - -- -

37.

The price of a mobile, pho'ne is deG:reased by 30% there by its sales is increased by 4Q%. What is the percentage of change in the turnover for the shopkeeper?

1) 10% Decrease

2) 2% Decreasy

38.

-

3) 20% Decrease 4) 10% lncrease

The side of a square is increased by 1 0%. What is the percentage of increase in its area?

1) 20%) 2) 21%

3) 27%

3,9. In a class 44% of the students passed ,English 70% of the students passedTelugu and 21% of the students passed ·both the subjects. What is the percentage of the

, students failed In both the subJects?

1) 6% 2) 8%

3)7% 4}11%

1.

If x is 70% of 90 and if 120 is Y%1~~O, then .what is the value of (y - x) 1,\ i~~l~.

....~ . ]I t~#i%

1) '18 ~ '~lH~r

3) 16 ~. ~ 1 ~$

Adding 6% Of x to x ~o multiplying

xby

1)t.9 2}1.8

2.

3) 1.08

4) 1.06

3.

Subtracting ,60% of x from x, is equal to dividing x by

1) 0.2 2) 2.5

4) 17.5

4.

70 percent Qf a number is 110. Whalis, '105 percent of the same number?

1) 160 3) 165

2) 185 4)205

0 .. 08 percent. of a number is 36~ What is 1.6 percent of the same number?

1}72

2)24

4)720

3)760

J
4)1 5) 4
9) 3 10) 2
14) 2 15)2
19) 2 20)2
24}4 25)3
29)3 30}2
34}3 35)3
39)3 40)2 In a coUeg'e 30% of students are Arts graduates, 40% of the rest are Commerce graduates, 50% afthe remaining are Science, graduates and the remaining 210 are Management graduates. What i's the fotal number of students in the college?

I

1) 960 2) 1000 3) roso 4) 1240

40.

C KEY

1) 2. 6)4

3) 2 8) 4 13)3

2) :3 7) 2

11) 3 _ 112) 2

16) 3 '17) 2

21)3 _22)

'--s_.i"h :\

26)3 2/~

~l , 32).2 7)2

38)2

54% of a nu mber exceeds 36% of the same by 54. What is Ih~~ number?

1)300 2)450

3)400 4) 500

30% of a number when added to 63, results in the number itself. What is the number?

7.

~) 60 3)90

2}45 • 4)40

8.

Mr Rao saves 13%, of his salary~ What is his salary if h Is expenditure is R's. 5220 ?

1) Rs. 6,500 3) Rs. 5,500

2) Rs. 6,000 4) Rs. 5,000

Praveen spends 10"/0 of his income for clothing, 300,/0 tor food, 12~/o for children education, 1% for house rent, 11 CI/O for I transportation and saves Rs. 1200 per month. What is his month Iy salary?

9.

1) Rs. 5,000 3) Rs. 5,500

2) Rs. 4,000 4) Rs. 6,000

10..

17.

20 lltres of a rnixture of milk and wate'r' contains, 40"/0 water" When 5litresof milk is added, what will .be the percetltage of milk in the mixture?

1)25 3)68

2)60 4) 75

The income of Rafi Is decreased to Rs. from Rs. 3;600~ What is the perc,entage decrease in his 'income .?

11.

30 lltres ofa salt soluti-on ccntalns 9% salt, When 3 litres of water is evaporated, what is the percentage of salt in the final solution?

1)40%

1 - 2) 10-% .

10

1) 6 3) 12

2)8 4)10

1

3) 11-% - 7

1

4) 11-% - 9

12.

'Prasanth scored 64% of marks in Paper A out of 50 and 36% of marks in Paper Bout of 75. What % 0" marks did'h& get in two papers?

18.

After the decr~ase 'in the side of a _..,..~_ by 6 units, it becomes 12 unlts, What. is percentage of decrease in its side?

1)8% 2)20.%

1 4) 333%

1) 47 3)-47.2

2)48.2 4)100

3)60%

1,3.

A student has to get 400/0 of the marks to pass the exam, Ramu got 51 marks and failed by 25 marks. What i.s the max.lmum . mar'k?

19.

If A Is more t .an B by 20%, by

per'ceniage B _. ss than A ?

2) 190 4)250

14.

1)210 3) 180 A student has 'tog& the exam, Lalttha 9 than the necessary max.imum mark of the

1) 20'%

-61

., 1 -%

3

1) 450 3)500

2)550 4)600

The price of a toy is in.creased by 30%. orderto restore the original price, the new prl must be decreased by what percentage?

1

2) 23~%

13

. . 1

4) 20-% 13

15 .•

Kalyan got 60% of marks and got 40 mo·re than the necessary to pass. Ram got 30% of marks and failed by 20. What is the ~jnimum mark required to pass the ex.am ?

1

3) 13-% 13

The price of sugar i.s increased by1 0%. order to keep the expenditure as const the consumption of sugar must be redu by what percentage l'

1) 10% 2) gOlo

. 1

3) lO~% 11

1 4)9~%

u

1)'90 3)80

2) 100 4)120

22.

The production of a mill is reduced by in a year. lin order to reach the orig prcduetlon, the production in the n.ext ~ must be increased by what % ?

. 1 ('J/. 1 1

1) 1% 2) 10% 3) l~'-;o 4) .~.

. .. 99 101

'In a gathering of 80 members, 20% are females. 25% of the males and 5·0% of the fema'les did not aU.end the meeting. What % of the members had attended the meeting?

1) 60 2) 80 3) 70 4) 65

23.

The value of a land'_ increases by 20% 30.

annually. If it is Rs. 80,000/- now, what will

be its value two-year's hence?

1 } Rs. BAO,OOO 3) Rs. 1,04,000

2) iRs. 1,15,200 4) Rs. 2,00,000

24.,

The-salary of Mr. Rakesh is Increased by 100/0 and 200/0 in two sueceaslve years. If it is Rs. 15,840 this year, what was his salary two y1earsago?

1) Rs. 10,000 3) Rs. 11,000

2} Rs. 12,500 4) As. 12,000

25.

In a coUege 15,%, of the, students are Arts students, 20% .,fthe rest are SCHmce stud'ems, 40% aftha remaining are Commerce students and the remaining 408 are the students ,of Techn leal Courses. What is the total number of students, in the col,lege "

1)800

3) 1.000

2)963

4)1200

26.

The price of aT. V. is reduced by 100/0, as a Iresun its sales gels increased by 10%. What &~

is the percentage 0" change in the turnover "'l~i 1k of the sho~keeper ?

1} No change

2) 1°t d . ~,,1\

/0 ecr

27.

....__ 1) 5.6% increase 3) 5.84% increase

2) 6% increase

4) 6.24 % decrease

28. A and B are two numbers which are Iess than C by 29% and 40% respective'ly. By what percentage A j's mor-eJhan B l'

1}20%

2) 331 % 3)40% 3

4) 18%

29. '73% of students in a college selected Hindi, 45% of students selected Maths. If each student selects eithe,r HilncU er M-aths, or both, how many students opted both if there' are 500- stUdents In ,all ?

1) 64

3) 90

4)84

2)70

39% of employees in an office own a scooter, 79% of the employees . own a car. If the employees in that office own either a, scooter or a car or both, what is the lIjo of employe£!_s owning both scooter and car?

1)28% 3) 17.6%,

2} 18% 4)20%

31.

70% of studentsln a schoollpassed English "exam. 420/0 of the" students passed Hindi exam. If 18% of the students passed both ,the subjects, what is the % of the students f,ail'ed in both the exams?

1) 8%

2)6%

32.

4) 10%

.

";1~lIege passed English

'" '

¢,iel'JW1, 64°_0 " In practical exam. If 24%

J!tJlUSfudents p ss.ed the both, what Is 1he % " ~" f st~Be~ts failed in;- both the, subjectsj ?

'%'t -f%lt

z;:.. _ 70 2) 1.4%

3) 12%

The income tax rate is reduced from 15% to

. - 1 .. -

12 2 %. What difference does it make for an

employee of whose taxabfe Income is- Rs.,9800?

(2007)

'1) Rs" 245 3) Rs. 205

2) Rs. 2,50 4) As., 650

34. The salary of a person was first increased by" 1 0% and later the same was reduced by 10% .. What Is the net change '1 (200-5)

"

1) 11 % decrease 3) 11 % increase

2) 1 °/Q increase

4) NIL

, 35. A candidate secured 60% of votes and elected by a majority ,of 124 votes-. 'What is the total number of votes polled?

(2005)

3)435

4)713

2)62.0

~-_~ ~!!"'!!!!I!!I!!.__c....., - ""'!'!I"""!I"""'!!!!"~ '~ - _._

36. II 12 ~ % of-x together with 16 ~ % of y is

1 . 2 .

5 and 12 - % of' X Is ,greater than 16- %

, 2 - . 3

of y by 1 j then x- 2y = ?'

1) 15 3)5

2) '10 4)0

(2004)

37. 'The populati'on ofa town increases by 4% per year. If the population in this year is 17576, what was it three years ago?

(2004)

1)16525 3)16625

2)17525

I

4)15625

'1) 2 4 3) 4)3 '5) 4
..if.
l~\\~~ 8) 2 9) 2 10) 3
¥
13) 2 14)2 15) 3
17)4, 18)4 19) 3 20}2
22)3 23)2 24)4 25) 3
27)3, 28)2 29)3 30)2
31)2 32)3 33)1 34)1 35)2
36)4 37)4 38)4 39)2 40) 1 "

38. The pereentaqe of 120 in 420 is .... " ...

1 )27

. 2}28

]

3) 28-% 7

4 4) 28-% 7

39. If 15% of a, number inl! ls 15 more than 25.0 then 110% of 'n' is " ...

1) 10

2)20

4}31

3)25

40.

Thesal'ary of A is 20% more than that 0 By what percentage Bls salary is .e,ss t'

A? ~m

2)20%

~~----~~----~---

PROFIT AND ,LOSS

- -

INTRODUCTION

In this topsc, the use 0" "Percentaqe" is dominant. The prtceat which, an article is purchased is called neOST PRICE" (CP) and the price at which it is sold is called "SELLING PRICE" (SP).

Profit = SiP. - C.P Loss:: C.P - S.P.

_. Profit (or) Loss

Profit (or) Loss % = C.P xl00

-

EXAMPLES

Ex: 1) Krishna bought a book for Rs. 400 and seUs it for Rs. 440. Wha,t is hils ga;in

percentage?

Sol:

Ex: 2)

16.0 .

Loss 0/;, = 800 x 1 00 ::: 20%

It the C.P. of the articr.e Js given, to get the seUing price" we have to multiply the C.IP. with asuitabJe fracUon.

Ex : 3) A shop-k~per purchased a bag for Rs. '900.

Atwhat pric,e he has, to sell the bag- to get a gain 20%?

Sol: Since the gain is 20%, we have' to multiply

120

the C. P with a. fraction ron

120

.. S.P. =: 900x 100 := Rs. 1080

Ex : ,4) The cost price of a table is IASi. 1200. At what price it should be sold to get a loss of 200/0?

Sol : Since the loss is 20%" the cost price must

80

be, multlplied with a fraction 100

80

:. S. p. = 1200 x 1 00 ~ Rs. 960

Ex : 5) By selling an article for Rs .. 720, a loss of 10'% Is matle. What rs Its cost price ? flt/~

~

d~ ",,"1:1 . "·M " ,~",,,_

Sol: (C.P.ft ,'~O =:} C.P.;;;: As. 800

#f¥t}~. ,

§x ~'$J By selli ill box for Rs. 720, a loss of 10%

~ ':'~ J~. ~ obtained. At _~hat ~ri~e the box must

. ,fie, sold to get 20 Yo gain .

~:·lV

Sol : 1'O~% loss => The S.P. of the box

::: 9Q%1 of the C.p..

90

100 (C.P.) = 720 ~ C.R = Rs. 800

To get 20% gain, the S.P.

120

= 100 x800 = Rs. 960

SHORT CUT METHOD

90 : 120 : : 120 : ?

=

720x12Q

90 . = As. 960

Ex : 7) By selUng a, watch for Rs. 960, a profft of 20% is made. What is the 'gain or loss percentage, If it is sqld f'or Rs. 760 ?

, 120

Sol; 100 (G.P');, 960

C. P. = Rs. 800

If the S.P. = Rs. 76'0

Loss = 800 - 760 = Rs. 40

40

%l of loss = -x:l 00

- -. 800

·=5%

-

SHORT CUT METHOD

960 ; 120 : ': 760 : ?

~. 120x760 = 95 - 960

Ex: 8)

95% means, a loss of 5%) is made,

- -

Sol:

Ex :'9)

Sol :,

Anil sells a bicyc,le to ManoJ at 20%. Manaj sells it, to Raju at 10% loss. If pays Rs, 648 for 'it. at what price, did purchase it ?

let Anil purchased 'it for Rs x

12.0 9'0 xX~'x-

100 100

'X = As. 600

Mr. Seshul mixes ~g. of tea powder purchased @ Rs. 200 per kg. with 30 'kg. 01 another variety' purchased @ Rs. 360 per kg. He mixes the two and sells the miJ:ttur'e at Rs. 300 per kg. What [s his gain percentage?

Total cost price of the mixture

= (26 x 200 + 30 x 360) == Rs. 16,000 Sellingr price of the mixture = 56 x 300

::; Rs. 16,80Q . Profit = 16,800 - 16, aoo :;: Rs. 800

800 100

. Gain percentaqe « . X .... ;: 5%

.... 16000 -

Ex: 10) The loss obtained by selling a book, Rs. 760 is same aa the gain obtained selHng it for Rs. 1140. What is the price of the book ?'

Sol : Loss :;= Gain

:::::> C - 760. = 1140 - G ~ 2C=1900 .. C = Rs. 950

Ex : 11) Rajesh sold a pen at 12%1 profit. Had sold it for Rs .. 18 more"he would ha ga.ined 1,8%. What is the cost price of pen?

Sol:

112 Selling price in the first case = 100 (C.P;,

118 SeHing price in the second case = 100 (C.

6

::::::} 100 C.P.;:::: Rs. 18

:. C.P.:::; Rs. 300

Ex : 1,2) Asho1pkeeper sold an article at 10% [0 If he had taken Rs. '98 more, he, would h'~ .~ gained 4"/0. Wh,atls the cost price '9f art'icle? ~

104 SelUng price in the second case = 100

90

Sol : Selling price in the first cas"8 = 100 C.R

14' D,Uference in the selling price = 100 C.P:

= 98 \

=:;} C.E = Rs. 700

-, I

... L ~' • r '."" I, _,. ~ _.:._ _ __ " • , , ,-- _. • v !

Ex. 13) A fruit seller buys oranges @ 9 torRs" 16 and sells them at 11 for Rs.'22. Wha,t is his loss or gain percenmage ?

801 : C.R of 9 oranqes is Hs, 1 '6

=> C,p. 019 x 11 :::; 99 oranges is ,Rs. 176 S.P. of11 oranges is Bs, 22

:::::} S.R of 11 x 9 = 99 oranges is Hs, 198 Gain::: 198 - 176 =- Hs, 22

Gain e ;;:; , 22 )(100 = ] 2 .!. %

. 176 2

REMARK

If the C,P. lof two articles is same and they are I sold such that there is a% gain on one and a% loss on the other, then there win be no loss no gain il1 the deal.

Ex: 14) A shopkeeper purchases MO books at Rs. 400 each. He sold one book at 10% gain and the other at 10% loss. What is te total less or gain in percentage?

sol:

110 '

'S.P: of tst book = -x40

-, - - - - 100

~ S.p., of 2nd boo' %:\"",. x 400 ~~

_. (JO\~_

Total S.P. ~ 440 r~~S' 800

. Tota I G.P. = 400 + 400 =: Hs. 800

:. No loss no gain in~e 'deal.

or-- -

SHORT CUT METHOD

(By using the above remark

Slnoa the cost price o~ two bocks is Same (IRs. 400 each) there is 10%) gain on one and 10% loss on the other, No toss no gain in the deal.

FORMULA '.

It the S.P. of two articles is same such that there is a Clio gain on one and a Clio loss on the

ax.a a2

other there win be a loss of - = ;__ %. ']00 100

In the deal

~ C.p.:::: '1300 '~,

Total cost pricee BOO + 1300 = 2100 Totall s.a of two books ~ 1040 +.,1 040

, .L. :; ffl~· 2080

__________________ _.c;...... ','- - - - - - -,~ """""!<".,,;;."" ~_-=--_ ~ - -. _-. _.

Ex. : 15} A company sells two computers for Rs. 24,000 each. On one it ,gained 20% and on the other it lost 20%. What is the overall gain or loss percentage?

Sol:

120

100 (C.P.) ~ 24,000 :::;. C.R of 1 st computer

~ Rs.20,OOO

80

100 (C.R.) == 24,000 => C.P. of 2nd computer I

"'" Rs. 30,000

Total C.P.;;:; 20~OOO + 30,000 ~ Rs, 50,000 .24,000 x 2::;; IRs. 48,000 0,000 - 48,000 == Rs~ 2,,000

'!l~'''' f "1

f%liY . -

(By using 1he above formula) Since 1he-S,_ :

of two computers is same (Rs. 24jOOO each

There is 20% gain on one and 20% loss 0 the other

20x20 = 40:'",

'" Loss °/Q = --xtr

'.. 100

Ex:: 16) Ashop.keeperselistiNobooksforRs.1040 each, and he gains 30% on the first and loses 20% on the second. What is the gain or' loss in percentage in 1he whole transaotion ?

Sol:

130

(C.P.))( 1 00 =1 040 for ~he first book

~. C.P. = BOO

80 "

(C. P.) x 1-00 ;;;: 1040. for the second book ..

20 ,. 20

:. Loss peroentage = 2100 xlOO =: 21 %

Ex : '17) Manesh bought two bags for Rs. 900. He $o'id one bag at a 'Q,ain of 20% and the other at a loss of 4'% and he found each bag was so,ld at the same value. What is the cost of the bag: sold at a gain. ?

Sol: Let Rs. x be the cost of bag, sold at a gain 01 20%, then C.P. of the second bag

= Rs. (900 - x)

120 . . ' 96

Given .xx~=(900~x)x-

, 100 . 100

(Since S.P.s are same) 120 x = 96(900 - x)

5x = 4(900- x)

=> X= Rs. 400

Ex : 18) A dishonest dea'ler promises to seUrice

at the cost price but uses a weight of 96 kg. ilnstead of '100 k'g. What is his gaifl.;,\ perce'ntage? ~"{,

Sol : The C.P. and 8"P. are equal,

, _ 'if

But he purchased 96 kg,. of ri

as 100 kg

Cost P'riee + > Marketing price

-Oi:J'COIlnt'

(or) Ust price' (or) Printed priee '

) Selling price

Ex : 19) A sh'op-keeper marks his goods 20% above the 0'051 price, but al'lows a discount of 10%. W"at is the gain or loss %, Qbta'ined by the shop-keeper?

Sol ;, If C.P. ::; Rs,. 100

+20% )

mark~tjng price = Rs,. 120

-100M disCOUJ1t M.P. = Rs. 120 -....-----4)

90

100 x120 = Rs. 108 is selling price

Profit::: ~XI00 = 8%

.. 100

_ SHORT CUT METHOD

If a% and b%, are two successive changes, then the over,allchange in the deal

~ (a+b+ .:)%

< pie. the two changes are nd then 10% decrease

~o profit is obtained

Ex : 20) Two successiv~ discounts of 10% ahd are ·equal to a single discount of percentage?

-10-.30+ IOx30 = -37% 100

A sing'e discount 37% is equivalent to disc-bunt series of 10%, and 30%,.

Ex :21) The marketing price of a 'book is Rs.

Two, succeSsive discounts of 200/0 and 11 are given on H. What is the seiling price

Sol:

Sol:

80 90 240x-x-~ - A's' 172' 80- "100 100 - ' ., . .

Ex : 22.) After getting tw:Q: successive discounts 20%, 10% a customer purchased a toy Rs. 432. What is the list price of the toy

80 90

Sol: (LP.) x 100 X 'tOO = 432

:. list price::: Rs. 600

Ex: 23) The list price of a box is 30% above the cost price. After a'llQwing a certain discount, a. profit of 17'%,. 'is made to the shop-keeper. What Is the rate of discount?

let C. P. be As. 100 +30%)

maketing price e Rs. 130

Since the profit is 17%, the selling price

::: Rs., 117

.'. The rnarkatinq price Rs. 130 Is reduced to RS.1117

.'. Discount (decrease)%

13

~ -xiOO == 10% - 130

2.

I

3.

6.

1) Rs. 620

2)Rs.640

3) Rs, 670

4} Rs. 680

B,y selling an article for Rs. 520, a loss" of 20°-' is made. What is its cost price?

..

1) Rs.-620 2) Rs. 650

3) Rs. 610

4) Rs. 720

8yselling a book for Fls., 540, a gain of 20%, is made. What is the cost price of the book?

1) Rs. 650 2) Rs. 250 t P"1,

3} Rs,. 400 4) Rs. 450

% of Profit ~ 1: xlOO == 25%

Ex : 24) If the cost prlce 0" 2U pens is equal to selll ng price of 16 :pens" what is the gain or loss percentage?

Sol : Let the C. R of 1 pen ::: Rs.1

:. C.'P' of 20 pens'::;: Rs. 20::: s..P. of 16 pens C.P, of 16 pens = Rs, 1 x 16::: Rs. 16

and S.IP. of 16 pens;; Rs, 20

:. Profit::;: 20 -16; Rs. 4

.... I.

Raju bo'Ught a bag for Rs. 300 and sells it fo~. 360. What is his gain percentage ?

i1') .20% 2) '15% 3) 17"/a 4) 23% ~11~

. -\:;:""*

Krishna purchased an article for R.s. 900 and \~ p

sells it for Rs. 810. What is:his 1.0SS percentage?

'1) 20% ~o 3) 12%1

A shop-keeper purch.

At w,hat price he ha ~

a g. aln 01-20% 1

1) Rs .. 408 .~

~RS. 432 4) Rs.428 l~

'1-'L-

he cost price of a box is Rs, 850. At what jba

price it should be Sold to get a 'loss 0120% ? \ "'--1..-

"-~ .~o.

. \"-' '.:.:t

\ 0'

b

~~ -c

y se ling a bag for Rs. 380, a .oss of 5% is , ''ir 1 d. At what price the box must be o get a ,gain of 10%?

1) Rs. 460 2) Rs. 410

3)Bs.420

4) as, 440

A. gain of 30%, is made by selling a book for Rs. 390. At what prlee it should be· sold to get a loss of 25%, ?

1) Rs. 285 2) As. 225

3) Rs. 375 4) Rs. 275

By selling a book for R:s. 480, a proflt of 20%, is made. What is the gain or loss percentage., if it is sold for R.s. 352 '1

'1) 10% loss 3) 16'% loss

2) 12% loss 4) 100/0 gain

David sells ,a bicycle to Rajli at 30% profit. Raju selts it to Mohan at 10% loss. If Mohan pays Rs. 234 for It, at what price did David buy It?'

1} 'Rs. 250 2) Rs. 200

3) Rs. 310

4) Rs. 280

11.. A shopkeeper mixes 10 kg. of tea p.owder at,' , Rs. 150 per kg. with 35 kg. of another variety of Rs. 100 per kg. He mixes the two and sells the mixture @ Rs. 150 per kg. What is his gain percenta.ge?

1) 7.5% 2) 10'% 3) 15% 4)20%

-~~-~-"-=--~-_. -=~_-:'(TM) .----

12.

20.

13.

14.

15.

16.

18.

19.

A fruit seller b.ought 100 lem.ons at the rate of ten tor Rs" 6. Twenty ofthcse lemons are spoiled. At what prlce per dozen he has to sell the lemons to 9.et a gai:n of 50%. ?'

1) Rs" 18 2) As. 1S

3) Rs. 13.50

4) Rs .. 9

Ravi purchases two bag:s at fls. 300 each. He sold one bag at 1'0°/0 gain and the other at 10% loss. What is the total loss or gain in percentage?

1) 15% gain

3) 20% gain

2) 10~% loss

4) No loss or no ga,in

The loss obtained by seUing a bag for Rs. 76 is same as the gain obtained by selling it for Rs. 114. What is the cost pri·ce of the bag?

1) Rs. 82 2) Rs. 90

3) Rs. 93 4) Rs. 95

If biscuits are bought, at the rate of 18 for a rupee, how many blseuits must be sold for a rupee 1.0 get ali gain of BOD/o ?

1)8 2)9 3)10 4)1'1

A shopkeeper sold a hat at 12% profit. Had he sold it for Rs. 24 mare, he would have gained 18%. What is the cost 'price of the hat?

1} Rs. 360

2) R.s. 390

21.

A company sells two computers for As. 2.4,000 each. On one i,t gained 25% and on the other lost :25%. What is the overall gain or loss percentage?

1) 16.5% gain 2) 6.25%~ gaj1n

3) 75% gain 4) 4% galn

Ashoip .. keeper seUs two bags for Rs. ,5 eaoh, and he gains 30% on the first and 10' 20% on the second. What Is the g,ain or 10 in percentagej~he whole transaction?

~,,\'

1"'"., . . 20

1)' 13-01 ..,. - -%

2 10 , 21

l"$'l~o

}t3tJ°/o 4) ~5%

eeper bought two books for Rs .. 5 tl one book at a gain of 20'% and .0 er at a loss 'of 2,0% and he found ea book was sold at the same value. What the cost of the book sold at a gain?

1) Rs. 400 2) Rs. 300

3) Rs. 4000

4) Rs. 520

22.

@~

A jrader sold an article at 10% loss. If he \;\ ';

had 'laken 'Rs. '98 more, he would have gained

4%. What is the cost price of th iele ?

1) Rs., 7'00 2) Rs. 108

3) Rs. 660 A material is purcha~

fourth of the meter _ at a loss of

- ~'*~

20% and the remaini ~~ . gain of 10%,

what is the overall gain or los,s in percentage?

1) 4% 2.} 6'% 3).2.5%) 4) 7 . .5%

A shopkeeper buys pens at 9 for Rs. 16 and-. seUs them at11 for Rs. 22. What Is his loss or gain percentage?

1

1) 12-% 2

3) 13%

2) 10%

4) 20~/c

23.

A reductlqn of 10% in the prlce of a pencil enabled a man to purchase 9 more for Rs. 540. What is the reduced prioe ofthe pencil?

1) Rs. 18 2) Rs.45

3) Rs. 58

4) Rs.. 6

3) Rs. 200

4) As. 350

24.

A dishonest dealer promises 'to sen sue at the cos', price but uses a weight of 95 instead of 100 kg. What is his ga percentage ?'

5 .

3) 5-- % 4) 6% 19

25.

A shop-keeper marks his goods 30% ab the cost prlce, but. allows a discount of 1 What is the gain or loss % obtained by tl shop-keeper?

11)20% 3)25%

~7% 4) 16%

26.

Two successive discounts of 20'0/0 and 300 are equal 10 a sing!le discount of wh percentage,?

1) 50% 2) 44'%, 3) 46% 4) 56%,

~~--"~~------~-!!!!!!!!!!",,,,----~ _~I_~-----_-- -, -:---"B> -~-

-... • Iio ;i_ • .,_ _ _''~L_ Jr, iI'_-. L_.jI!i;I,..,_..,..; ... .ft w ....... ul .... nD ! CLICK

21.

A shop-kieeper purchased an article at 20% discount D,n its printed price and sold ~t at 120;'0 more than the printed price. What Is his g,ain percentage?

1) '8%, 2) 40% ft$l

'l;J:! ~ 3) 20% 4) 5,0% ~t ~

If the cost price of 40pens is equal to the '

selUng price ,of 30 pens, what ~j ,e gai',n percentage?' t

1) 33% 2}33;t/,3%

.. ~ ~~

3) 25% No cQE},ge

~----~--~--------~------~------------------

28.

The marketing prlee of a book is Rs. 120. 'Two successive discounts of 20% and 10% are given on it. What is the ,selUng price?

I

1) Rs. 86.40 2) As. 42.40

3) Rs. ,64 4) Rs. 78.20

After getting two successive discounts of 12%" 10% a customer ,purchased a loy for Rs. 633.60. What is the list pric~ of the toy?

1) Rs. 700 2) Rs. 800

3) Rs. 750

4) Rs. 850

29.

The list price of GIl box is 40% above the cost price. After a Uo,wing a certain discount, a profit of 26% fs made to the shop-keeper. What is the r,ate, of discount?

1) 20%2) 35c%

3) 15%

4) 10%

30.

31.

1) Rs. 450, Rs. 450

2) Rs. 600, Rs. 300 3).Rs. 470, Rs. 430

d 4) Rs. S20,R . ·~·O

. t

34. A .trader'i .. c~lt;gJale~ his. loss a~ 25% with resp . ~ Q selling pnce, What IS the

~%p,,_al Joss ~.entage 1

~~) 1 0 . 2)20%

'tilt- 4) 21%

35. The cost price and selUng pri'ceof a table arein the ratio 4: 7. What lsthe percentaglB of pr'ofit?

1)40% 2)60%

32.

By seUing 80 orang,es, a fruit seUer gains the cost price of 20 oranges. What is his ga'in ,percentage?

1) 200/Q

33.

3)50%

2)30% 4}2S%

A shop-keeper buys two bags for Rs. 900. He sells one box at a gain of 115% and the, other at a loss 01'30°/0. On the whole he has neither loss nor gain. What is the cost of each box?

3)65%

4) 75%~

( KEY )

1) 1 2') 2' 3) 3, 4)4 5) 2
6) 4 7)4 ,8) 2 9) 2 10)2
11) 4 12) 3 13) 4 14)3 15) 3
16) 1 17)3 18) 1 19)4 '20)4
21) 4 22)2 23)3 24}3 25)2
2'6),2 27)1 28)2 29)4 30)2
31)2 32)4 33)2 34) 1 35}4 -------~ -----~------~- --.----.~-~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!---~-~--~---

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

7.

8.

( EXERCISE - 2 )

By selling a book for Rs. 756, a man gains 20%. Find its 'cost prtce,

1) Rs. 724 2) Rs. 620

3) Rs. 680

4) Rs. ,630

I,f a bag is sold tor Rs. 546, a loss of 9% is obtained, what is its eest prlee ?

1) Rs. 555 2) Rs. 6150

3) 'Rs; 600

4) Rs. 780

'Ramesh sold a book to Raju at 20%. profit. R,aju sold it to' Anand at a gain of 25%. If Anand paid Rs. 225 for it, what did Ramesh pay for it?

1) As. 180 2) as, 190

3) Rs. 200 4) Rs .. 150

A sotd a land to B at 30.% gain and 8 sold it to C at a loss of 20%. If C pays As. 3,200,000 fo,r it, at what price did A buy 1·

1) Rs. 5,10,000 2) Rs, ,5,000,000

,,<': ' '.~'" \

~t ~

%

By selling an arlie'e for Rs .. 630, 5':1/0 gain is

made. A1. what price it must be s for there to be a 109S of 6% ?

3) As. 5,25,000

1) Rs. 620 3) Rs. 640 A loss 'of 1 O~/o is obt .¥t selUng salt at Rs. 5.40 per kg. At what price it must be

sold to ,gain 20% ? .

1) Rs. 5.60 2) Rs. 7.10

3) Rs. 6.00

4) Rs. 7.20

A shop-keeper mixes 30 kg of salt at iR.s. 3.60 per kg with 26 k:g of-salt at .As. 2 per kg and sells the mixture at Rs. 3 per k~. What is the percentage o,t profit?

1) 50% 2) 5% 3) 10% 4)25%

A shop-keeper bou.ght ao kg of sugar . at. Rs. 6.75 per kg and another 120 kg at As. 8, per kg. At what prlee per kg he has to sell the mixtu.re to make a gain of 10% ?

'1) Rs. 82) Rs. 8.75

3) As. 8.25

4) Rs. 9

9.

10.

11..

13.

14.

15.

A fruit seller bought 2nD oranges at, 'the. of ten for Rs. 4. Forty of those oranges spoiled. At what price per dozen he has sen the remaining oranges so that the,re a. gain of 40% '1

1) Rs. 7.40

3) Rs. 8040

2) Rs. 9.60 4) Rs.l0.S0

The ios;sobtained by sellit;19 a book Rs. 36'0 'is same as the profit obtained . it is sold for Rs. 480. What 'is the cost otthebook?

1) Rs. 410 3) Rs.. 420

2) Rs.510· 4) Rs. 400

The loss . ed by selUn,g a bag Rs. 140 'is' 11 %af, the profit obtained selling it for Rs. 2t2:~hat is the cost ",-" 'E'", -

oflhe'bag?

1) As. 160 2) Rs. 164

. $Hs.20B 4) As. 196

Wh.at is the p~rcentage olf profit made a book at a certain price, if by selUng at third of this price" there would be a loss 10°/0 ?

1) 1.5% 2) 35% 3) 40%, 4) 20%) A sho'p-keeper sold a. book at a profit of Had hie sold it for Rs. 18 I,ess, there bea gain of 24%1. What is the cost price 'the book?

'1) Rs. 300 3.) As. 200

2) Rs. 140 . . 4) Rs .. 180

A man sold an article at a loss of 8%. he sold at a giain of 8'.1/0, it would h·

-fetched Rs.144 more than it did. What the ecst price .of the art.icle ?

1) Rs. 800 2) Rs. 900

3) Rs. 1080 4) Rs. 600

A man sold a box at a less of 10%. If he taken Rs. 84 more, there would have been gain of 4%. What is its, cost price?

1) Rs. 600 2) Rs. 450

3) Rs. 455

4) Rs. 620

--'--__..----~--~---

• _"--- --- ••• 1 ........... - • CLICK ~

16. A shopkeeper purchases 9arUcies for Rs. 16 and sells them at'11 tor Rs. 20. What is the gain or loss percentage?

21nt 23 -1

1) --:- -7(J 2) . -% 3) 3-% 4) 1'1%

1] . 11 '11

17. IRati purchased! two articles at Rs. 3000 each.

He sold ene at a ga,in of 1,00/0 and the other' at a loss of 10%• What' i:s the overalilloss or gain in percentaqe ?

1) Rs,. 300 . 2) Rs. 100

3) Rs. 108

4) No loss, NO gain

'18.

Kishore sold 2 articles for' Rs. 9,9001- each. On one he gai'ned 20% and on the, other he lost 20%,. What is, the gain or leas in percentage ,on the Cwo articles?

1) 2.o/Q'OS8 2) 4% Joss

3) 4% gain 4) 2% gain

A trader sold two boxes at RS.200 each. On one he g~ined 25% and on the a,ther he lost 25%. What Js the overaU gain or toS&;!8.

percentage ? t(itt

. ~&~~~~

~+:!t~

1) 6B% loss 2} 4% loss

3) 6.25'% loss 4) 4% ga10:

<': • .:::;

A dishonest dealer Pl;QltIi's'es tcihseU good.s at the cost price by_tuJU~es a we~ of 800 grams per k9"Wh+i1.ts; his, SI~n percentage l'

, .ni~k ~¢t<

· tlIi$t~t$~ 1

1) 20(1/0 2} 250% '~1 ifO% 4) 16 __ %

3

19.

20.

21.

A shopkeeper premises to sen his 9'oods at the cost price, but he made use of 900 gms, instead of a kg. What is the gain percenlag'e ?

1 . 1 1

2) 9-% 3) 11-% 4) U - ole) - 11 9" 7-

!2.

A dishon,est dealer promises to ge~a loss of

• 4%, but he uses a wei'ghl of 900 gms. instead of a kg. What is the gain percentag,e ?

162 1 1 U! 1 2

1)-% 2) .0-10' 3) 9-. % 4) 6 --%

3 .' 3 11 3

23. A disho.nest dealer premlsea fa sen his, goods at the cost price but ,gains 60%,. What weight does he substitute, for a kilog'ram ?

1) 600 gm 2) '625 gm

3) 70(1 gm 4) 400 gm

24. A reduction of 10% ln the price of sugar enables a person 1'0 purehase B kgs. more ter Rs. 600. What is the red uced prlee of the sugar per kg ?

1) Rs. 10 2) R's. 12

3) Rs. 9.50

4) Rs" 8

2,5. A reduction o,f 20%, hll the price of apples enables a man to purchase 32 more for Rs. 80. What ~~ 1he prlce of 16 apples before the redue .'?

it)

1) ~S~j~" 11\liww 2) A.s. 14

'''!f.ri?) Rs. 1 '. '. iN: 4) As. 8

~t~tv~· . ~<fw~

26 "'{i"or,. J'd· 30'01 d 2 -

: I wa success.ve tsceunts .' /0 an 0% are

, elGal to a single discount of .... % '1 "<~J.P

1;;1$}'50% 2) 44% 3) 37% 4) 5'6%

27. A disQount serles of 20%, 10% and 30% is, equal to ,8 singh~ discount of what percentage?

1) 4'9.6%, 2) 50.4%

3) 57% 4) 57.9%

,28.. The list price of an article is Rs. 700. A customer is give.n two sucoessive dlseounts of 10% and 30'%. What is its s,emng' price?

1) Rs. 761 2) Rs. 441

3) Rs. 704 4) Rs. 608

29. A trader li'sts his articles' in such a way that after aUowing a dtsccunt of 20%, stl n there

, z

is a gain of 4%. By what percentage.above

the cost price is the marked prlee ?

1) 38% 2) 25%

3) 24°/6 4) 30%.

30. Mohan sold 16 articles tor the same money as he :paid for 24. What is his'gain or 10,$s in percentage ?

1)20% 2)25%

3) 50% 4)28%

.... -_

31. A shop-keeper' marks his goods in such away that a profit of 41% is obtained, after allowing a discount of 25% on the m.arked prlee, If no discount is allowed on the marked price, what would be the percentage of 'profit ?

1) 66% 2) 261%. 3) 88% 4) 74%

32.' By selUng an arttele for Rs. 990" a trader 1

. makes a profit of 12 i '%. The cost price of

the arUcl:ein rupees is

(200'7) 4)880

1)920

2)900

3)800

33. A trader allows a discount of 15% on the marked price ot an article. How much percentage above the cost price is to be marked

to make a, profit of 19% ? (2007)

1) 40% 2) 3,9% 3) 33% 4) 29PfQ

34. A. shcp-keeper marks his goods 20% above the, cost price and gives 10% discount. What is the percentage of profit? (2006)

1) 8

2)10

3}12

4) 15

35. By selling atay tor Rs. y, x% gain i obtained. Wha't is the cost price of the

(in Rupees) (2006)

lOO+x 1) tODy

lOOx 3} 100+ y

36.

37.

38.

39.

A man. sells 320 mangoes at the cost p of 400 mang,oes.What ts his ga

percentage? (2006)

1) 10 3)20

2) 15 4) 25

40.

A merchant gets Rs. 500 if he sells item A at 15% gair:t and item B at 10.% or 'it-em A at 16% loss and item B at 1, g'ai'n. What is; the cost pri'ce of the item A (in Rupees)

1) 100 2) 150

3)200 4)300

If the cost price of 20 tables is equal seUing price of 25 tables" what is the I

percentage? i/I'IInnr"

1) 5% 2) 10%

2) 55

3)60

4}45

a,y sel.1ing an article for Rs. 360, 20% gain made" What would be its seUing price, get a gain of 15°/00 ?

1) Rs, 260 3) As. 345

2) Rs. 375 4)Rs.350

( KEY )

1) 4 2) 3 3) 4 4) 2 5) 2
6) 4 7) 2 ,8) 3 9) 3 10) 3
11) 2 12) 2 13.) 1 14) 2 15) 1
16,)2 17)4 18)2 19)3 20)2
21) 3 22)4 23)2 24);2 25)4
26) 2 .27) 1 28)2 29)4 30).3
31)3 32)4 33) 1 34) 1 35)2
36)4 37)3 38)4 39}1 40)3 : RATIO AND PROPORTION

-

,INTRODUCTION

•

If the mcomeset A and Bare Rs. 11,000 and Rs. 12,000 respectively, we say that the

11

income of A::::: 12 of the income of B.

, ,

• The number of times a quantity contains other quantity of the similar ki nd is called the RATI10 of the two quantities.

• The ratio 'a' 10 Ib' is written as a : b (or) alb

• In the ratio 6: 7" 6 is the first term caned !'ANTECEDENT" And 7 is the second term called "CONS,EOUENT1'.

Note (1) : A ratio does not change even by multiplying or dividi,ng its terms with the same constant,

4 : 7 is same as 12 : 211 6 : 14 is same as 3 : 1 Note (2) : If two ratios a : band c : d ~~qual" then the numbers a, b, c and d at\e~l(t.tbe in

'l'PROPORTI'O· Nn AA.J'" ;';1:,'1;«

- . ." .• 1'1. r,' .,.,w

l~&~ t~ ,·:f

. 4 :.5= ~4:: 30. :hep~PO'r\~~ ma¥ be wriHen as 4.5 .. 24.30 (4 IS toi1i 1:. to 30)

~, 'j>~","

til'

Here 4 and 30 are caCl "EXTREMES" and

Sand 24 are called IIiMEANS""

If four numbers are in proportion, the product oUhe extreme numbers is equal to the product of the mean numbers.

, EXAMPLES

Ex : 1) Find the fourth prepertlon to the numbers 16, 40 and 8 ?

Sol: Let the fourth proportion be 'x' 16: 40 = 8: x

16 x='40 x 8

X\:: 20

Ex : 2) What is the mean proportion between 8 and 50?

Sol : Let the mean proportion be 'x' 8: x = x: 50

x2 = 8 x 50

x = .JSX50 =.J400 = 20

.', A.: B : C := 6 : 9 : 4 = 1 2 : 18 : 8. C:D:;;;B:1

_"'. A :: B : C: D = 12 ; 1 B. : B : 1 :. A::D=12: 1

SHORT CUT METHOD,

, , .

2x9)(8 12

then A :.0= 3x4x1 =1 = 12: 1

A : B = 2 : 3; B : C = 9 ; 4 and C ': 0 = 8 : 1

Ex :5) Rs. 1530 Is divided into two parts in the I ratio 4 : 5. What is the value of the second part. ?

5

Sol: Second part = gx1530 = As. 850

Ex: 6) A sum of money is divided between KaUash and Ramesh ln the ratio 4: 13. If the, d,ifference of their shares is Rs. 270. What is the total amount?

Sol : 9 : 270 : : 17 : x

270x17 9

:. x =

=Rs.510

Ex : 7). The eum of two wh'ole numbers, is 88,.

Which of the tonOwtng can be the ratio of the two numbers, 1,

1}13:4 3} 17: 3

2) 19: 3 4) 21 : 7

SOl: (2) The sum of two whole numbers is 88.

The sum of two elements in the ratio must be a factor 01 88

13+-4=17; 17+3=20,21 +7=28a.renot the factors, of 88.

But in 19 : 3, 19 + 3 = 22 is a factor of He ~ this can be the ratio of two numbers"

Two vessels of equal capacity are 314 and 216 fun of wine. ' They are then fmed up with water and the contents are poured in a third vessel, What will be the ratio of'the wine and water in the final mixture?

Ex: 8)

Sol:

3 2 23 Taltal quant'ity of wNne= - + - = ~,

, " 4 5 20

1 3 17 Total q' uaritity of water = - + - = -

, " ," "" 4 5 20

:. Ratilo ofwme and water ,~ .

Ex : 9) tiD 2 : 7. If each

number is Increase by 10, the ratio, changes to 3 : 8. What, are the twe 'numbers?

Sol : Let 2x and 7x be the numbers (2x'+-10) : (7x + 110) = 3 : 8 8(2x + 10) ::; 3(7x + 1Q)

~ 16x + 80 = 21 x + 30

5x:::; 50

x=10

The two numbers are 2 x 10::; 20 and 7 x 10 = 70

SHOBT CUT METHOD

Two numbers change from 2x and 1x to 3x land ax

- -

.. 2x = 2 t 10 = 20

and 'Yx = 7 x 10 ':::,10 are the numbers

Ex : 10) Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 2. If 40 ' subtracted from each of them, the W",~ ,Ir ... _

changes to 5, : 3. What is the sm.aller the two ?

Sol : Let 3x and 2x are the numbers (3x - 49) : (2x - 40) :::: 5 :, 3

==> 3(3x ~ 40) == 5(2x - 40)

=} x == 80

:. Smaller '}t!~ber == 2x= 2, x 80 == 160

-

SHORT CUT METHOD'

If '31x and 2;x{or 6X Snd 4x) are the two ',. "'. t~¥~hange to 5x and 3x.

in each number = x = 40 ",",,""'II ... r number = 4x == 4 x 40 = '1160

Ex: 11) In a mixture of 45 litres, milk and '"I!:lI~" are in the ratio 4 : 1. If 9 litres of water added, what will be the ratio of mi~k,

wat,er in the ,'inal mixture?

Sol: In 45 litres mixture, Quantity of milk

4

:= 5 x45 = 36 iitres

1 45 9'

and ,quantity., ' of water = - x ... ,::::: . lltras

,-- 5 .

'When 9 liters 01 water is added to the Mi~k : Water = 36 :, (9 + 9) = 36 : 1,8 = 2 :

Ex : 12) Of the three numbers a, b, e the first numbers, 8, and b are in the ratio 3 : 2,' 1ast two numbers band c are in the 7 ': '1. If the sum of these numbers is What 'is c?

So'J : a ~ b = 3 : 2 = 21 : 1,4 b : c ::: 7 : 1 ;;;: 14 : 2

., a : b : C = 21 : 14: 2

__ .---..._. I~_~_~~-"-'~

Ex : 13) If Rs,. 930 is djvided into three parts in the 111

ratio 2;"3: 5 . What is the third part?

. Sol:

1 1 1 15:10:6

• I ......-

=-- =-- =--=

2 3 5 30

The required ratio = 15: 1 0 : 6

6 . .

Third part e 31 x 930 ~ R.s.180

Ex : 14) A purse contains one rupee, five rupee Plnd ten rupees notes in the raUo 4 : 2 : -1. It the tetalamount in the purse is Hs, 480, how many five rupee notes are there in the purse?

Sol : Let ~he n umber of 1 Re. 5 Rs, and 10 Rs notes be 4x, 2>:, and x.

Total amount::; (1 x 4x) + (5 x 2x ;::: 24::<:

Given 24x ::; 480 x=20 :. The number oi Hs, 5 notes = 2:<

= 2 x 20 = 40

J I

Ex; 15) A.' s. um.~. , ..•.. B. s. 3.5 .. '. ,is m.·. ad.eup '0' .. 8 .. 0 .. co .. in. S'.' panly "950 paise and partly of 25 palse,

How many 50 paise coins are there?

Sol : Le~ the number of 50 P coins and 25 P coins be x and y respectively

x + Y= 80 (Number of coins}

SOx + 25y ~ 3500 (Value of Goins)

6y solving these two equations we carl get

If al180:coins are SQ P value := Rs. 40 25 P, value» Rs. 20

-, ,

15

~

:. SOP and2

1i

- in tbe raUo ~ 3 : 1

g,), ,

'V",%» 3

. N¥mber of 50 P coins = '4 x80 = 60

.. liv -

-_ '" '", -r- t - - - ----

Ex: ;~'# ~ .3000 is divided among 4 women, . 5 boys and 6 gi'rls, such .that the share of a women,.8 boy and a girl are in the ratio 9 : 8 : 4. What is the share, of girl?

Sol : Let the share DiS! woman, a boy and that ofa gi rlbe 9x, sx and 4x respectively

Total amount paid

= (4 x 9x) + (5 x 8x) + (6 x 4x) = 100x = 3000 ~ x= 30

.. The share of a.glrl! ;: 4.:<

, ~4 x 30~ IRs. 120 Ex: 17) Three numbers are I.M the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 such that the sum of their squares is 200. What is the middle number?

Sol: If3xj 4x and 5x am the three numbers (3}(i + (4.x)2 + (5x)~= 200

50 x'2= 200

~ )(2=4 .', x = 2

M:~ddle number == 4x:= 4 x.2 = 8

I!;;JIi,. I g} n~;' ~ '1 V 11;:ji UI Y lueu ·i:lIIIUI IS, A, Dang v ::to

that thrice' the share ot A is equa'i to twice the of B which is equal to four times that of C. What is the share of A ?

Sol : 3A = 28 = 4C = x

x - x x

·A=- B=- C=-

3' 2! 4-

The required ratio » 4: 6 : 3

4

A = 13 x910 = Rs" 280

c .... ; I ~ 1 Lllvn::u,ili n~. O:JU among Aj Dana \, somal receives 51'1.2 as much as Band C togeth receive and B receives 3/14 as much as and C together reeetve, What is the sh otC?

Sol: A = l~ (B + C) ---7 A : (B + C) = 5 : 12

5

. Ns share =: I7X850 = Rs. 250

3 -

B = 1_-4 {A + C) ===> B: (A+ C) =3: 14

I

,\1\

Find the fourth prcportlenalto the numbers 'i, 7"

'I!:~' «"

3 4 12? v;,"-;,

,; • I ""let"

1) 14 2)20 3) 16, \*\~.' - t.p~

~t\t~~ -~\

What is tho ,e mean prQo,Q~.r. tional ~W.· t~dtf

u,,'<h- . ". ;'}$H-;

7 and 28 ? tl~1tUtt~ 'lW;<

1} 23 2) 24 '" ~t~~~ 4) 20

If A : B = 1 : 5, B, : C = 1fi\Wflat is the value of A: B: C·?

2.

3 ..

1)1:2:3

3) 2: 10: 3;

2) 4 : 3 : 5 4) 7: 10: 4

4.

~f A : B = 3 : 2, B : C = 4 : 1, C : D = .2 : 3. What ts the value ,of A : D ?

~) 5 : 1 2) 3 ; ,2

2)4:3 4)4: 1'"

What IS, the third proportional to S, '12 '7

1) 12 2) 18;'

3) 20 4)2'2

Rs. 1890 is divided into two parts in the r3UO 4 :: 5. What is the value o,f the second part?

1) Rs. 1020 2) Hs. 1050

3) Rs. 840 4) Rs .. 830

5.

6.

B.

A sum of money is divided between David and R,aju in the rane 3 : 11,. lif the difference of their shares Is Rs. 240, what is the tot

amount.? '-

1)Rs.420 2) Rs. 28~

3) Rs. 360 4} Rs. 50~ ~

The sum of two whole numbers is 66. Wh i of the foil-owing can -be the ratio O-f the two numbers?

1)13:4 2)19:3 3)17:3 4)21:7

Two vessels of equal capacity are 3/4 an 2J-a fulli of wine. They are then filled up wi water and the contenfs are poured in a thir vessel'. What will be· the ralto of wine an water lin the finall mixture 7

1)17:11 2)17:7 3.)16:11 4)17:9 Two numbers are in the ratio 3: 7. If eac number is increased by 15, the ratio ohang to 3 : 5. What are the I.wo numbers. ?

1) 15,30 2) 3D, 105 3) 150,35 4) 40, 105 Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 2. It· 20 i subtracted 'rom each of them, the raii'o changes to 5· : 3. What is the smaller num otthetwo?

9.

10.

u,

2)80

3) 120

1) 90

4)160

----------.--~----

12.

13,

In a mixture of 60 Utr,es, milk and water are in the ratio 4: 1. If 12 litres of water is added, what will be the, ratio of ,milk and water in the final mixture?

1} 1 :'.2, 2} 2 : 3 3) .2 : 1/ 4) 3 :'2

Olthe three numbers a, band c the first two numbers a .and b are in the ratio 3 : 2, the last two numbers band c are in the ratio 7 : 1 j j'f the sum of these numbers is 740, what is c?

1) 20

3)30

2)25

4)40/

14.

If Rs.1240 is d.ivided lrrto three parts in the

1 1 1

ratio -2: 3 : ,5' what amounts to the third

part? -

1) Rs. 180

3) Rs.. 240;ill

2) Rs. 350 4) Rs. 220

A bag contains one rupee,flve rupees and ten rupee notes, in the ratle 3 : .2 : 1. If the total amount in the bag is Rs. 460" how many five rupee notes are there in the bag?

1)50 2)40 3)60 4}25 +~~n A sum of' Rs. 36 is madeup of 80 'COins, partly h. of 50 paise and partly of 25 paise. How many

50 palse coins are there ? sa ""t,

"<! .~:t~

1) 112 2) 96 3) 42 4);(~1r. ~~ "-,

'* .,!I, » "it

In an examination thers~['" 40 que$liOns"

A student gets 3 m~tH§;for !!ac~1 _carrec,t answer and1 mark ~~ d~YFted for eae~ wrong answer" M~nf:f"ttemptedal'l questions and got 88 '1¥ttltks. How manlY questions did heattem,pt correctly?

1) 30 2) 36 3) 32 4)31

18. Rs. 4000' is divided among 4 women, 5 boys and 6 girls, such that the share of a women, a boy and a girl are in the ratio 9 : 8 : 4. 'What is the share of the girl ?

1) Rs. 160 2) Rs. 150

3) Rs. 210 4) Rs. 400

15.

16.

17.

191,Three numbers are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 such that the sum of their squares is 450. What is the first number?

1) 8

2}4

3)6

4)9

20. Find the number which when subtracted from the terms of the ralto 9 : 5 makes it' equal t03 : 1 ?

1 )4 2) 1 0 3,) 3 4) 6

21. Divide Rs. 2380 into three parts in such a way that one-fourth of the first part, onefifth of the second part and one-eighth of the third part are equal. What is the second part ?

1) Rs. 580 2) Rs. 650

11

J 3) Rs., 700 t1!1'" 4) Rs. 375

22. Rs. 208QdS~'·! ~o. d among A, Band C so

.:l~~~o: 1*"1 ~~f;;;'

that thric~ "&9~is equal to twice 8's

.~?l me ~hicIMi'llqual to four times C's, share. I t~ '" ,at IS the sltare of A ?

*

<::~1) A.$fiIsD 2} Rs. 640

~~';~..sl·'\J "~1~l\'(i*920

4} Rs. 860

Divide Rs. 4800 among A, ., and C so that A receives 5/11 as much as Band C together receive and B receives 7/9 as much as A

and C together receive. What is the share otC?

1) As. 1050 3) Rs. 1600

2) Rs.1800 4) As. 1,200

24. What is the duplicate ratio of 3: 7 ?

1) J3:fj 3) s 40

.2) '9 ,: 49 4) 9 : 11

2,5.

What is thetripUcate raito of 8 : 5 ?

1)512:121 2)511:127

3)512: 125

4)512: 111

( KEY )
1) 3 2) 3 3) 3 4) 4· 5) 2
6)2 7) 1 8) 2 9) 2 10)3
11) 2 12)3, 13)4 14)3 15) 2
16)4 .17) 3 18) 1 19) 4 20)3
21) 3 ,22)2 23)4 24)2 25)3,
--'--- 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11,

12.

( EXERCISE - 2 )

If 60'% at a == 96% of b, what is a : b ? 1) 5 : 8 2) 8.: 5 3) 6: 5 4) 5 : 6

If a ; b = 2 ; 5 and b : c = 3 : 4 what is a : b : c?

1) 6 : 15: 8 2) 6 : 15: 10

3) 6 : 15: 20 4) 15 : 16 : B

What is the fourth proportlonal to the numbers 6, 8.and 15 ?

1) 18 2) 20 3) 30 4) 25

What is thf7 third proportional to.5, 20?

1) 60 2) 86 3) 80 4) 68

What is the mean proportional between 5 and 45?

1 ) 115 2) 105 . 3) 45 4 )15

Rs.'G30 is divided into two Iparts in 'the ratio 2 : 7. What is the va,lue of the second part ?

1) As. 490 2) Rs. 4gB

3) Rs" 493 4) Rs. 499

Th:e prices of a VeD and a Radio are in the raUo. 9 : 2. 'If the VeD costs Rs. 840 mor " .

..

than the Radio, find the price of the Radio?

1) As. 140 2) Rs. 240

3) Rs. 480 4) As. 360 -,

Two numbers are in the.ratio 3 ; .

.y:t~m,;:;:

number be tnerea . 'pitPY 60, th,

becomes 4:5. Find' r number;

1) 30 2) 180 ~~. 4) 120

Two numbers are in the';, atia 3 : 4. It each number ~s increased by 2, the ratio becomes 7 : 9. Find the numbers.

1)12,18 2)12,20

3)12,16 4)12,14

The incomes of Amar and' David are in the ratio 3 : 2 ana their' expenditures are in the ratio 5 :3. If ea.chsaves Rs. 2000, what is the income ot Amar?

1) Rs" 6,000 3) Rs. 18,000

2) Hs, 12,000 4) Rs. 24,000

In a mixture of 65 lltres, 'the ratio of W1ne and water is 4 : 1., If 13 Utres, of water is added to the mixture, find the ratio 0" wine and wat,er in the result'lng mixture

1,)'1:2 2)2~3 3)2:1 4)2:5

~.--------

A mixture contains milk and wat.er in the ratio 5 ~ 1. On ,adding, 6 lUres of water the ratio changes \05: 2 .. The quanti1y of milk in the mlxture is

1)40 lit. 3) 18 lit,

2) 30 lit. 4) 60 111.

In 90 tltres mixture of milk. and water'the ratio of milk and wat,er is 7 : 3. Find the quantity of water to be added lin, the mixture in order 10 reverse the ratio of rnllk and water?

1) 80 Its. 3) 120 lits.

2) 90 Its. 4) '60 Its.

14.

A ~nd B are two ~i~ures p~epar!d by mixing wme and wat n proport •. ons 7 ,: 11 and 7 :

2. If equ . 'ties of A and B are mixed,

then the pI: i· !of.wine and water in the

r sultant m i~"tf'

~, .

: 2 2) 3) 5 : 7 4) 7 ~ 3

ce~n sum of money is divided amon

.. 'd C, so that for each Rupee A has, B

'60 pais,e and C has 40 p. If lSI share is Rs. 18, find the sum of money?

1) Rs. 30 2) Rs. 80

3) Rs. 60 4) Rs. 90

If Rs. 624 is divided into three parts in t

15"

18 .

111 ratio 2'~ 3 : 4' find the va,lue of the seeen

part l' 1) Rs. 48 3) Rs. 3B4

2) As. 96 4) Hs. 192

17.

,A certain sum is divided among, A, Band so that A gets 3 times as much as B 9 and B gets one fourth as much as. lei gets. A receives Rs. 60 more than that of 8, Ii the sum divided?

1) Rs. 120 3) Rs. 1,80

2) As. 240 4)Rs, 360

18.

A, Band C 'Playa game. The scores ot and B are in the ratio 5: 2. Bls score to C score is in the ratio 5 : 2. Altogether.'t scored 585 points. How many points did score '1

1) 180 2) 300

4)200

3) 150

------.~~- ..... ------~-----

~ ""

19. Rs. 680 is divided among Al B and C-SQ that A gets 2:/3 of' what B gets and 8ge15 1/4 of whale gets,. What is the sbare of B ?

1) Rs. 240 -2) Rs. ~08

3) Rs. 360 4) Rs. 120

20., If Rs. a-BOis divided ,a:mon'g A, Band C so that ,A gets, ala of what Band C together get and B gets 5/11 of what A and C together get. What lsthe share of C ?

1) Rs,. 305 2) Rs. 365

3) 'Rs. Ej'10 4) Rs. 570

21. Rs. 1 024-was divided ,among P! Q and R such that if P had re_cehied Rs. 15 more, Q had received Rs. 19 more and R had reeelvad

. '

Rs. 22 more, their shares would be in the

ratio ,of 3: 4: 5. What is the share ofR ?

1 JRs. 450 2} Rs. 438

3) Rs. 428 4) Rs. 408

22. The first" secend 'lind third class tares between two statio,ns were 5 : 3 : 1 and the

, I· .,-

number of passengers traveUed by first, second and third class w,ere in the ratio 3 : 4 .: 10. If the total sale 0" tickets is 9,25D, how much was recel:vedon the' of second class tickets ?

1) Rs. 3,750 2) 'As. 2,50Q

3) Rs. 1 ,860 4)Rs,.3,~ *

23. R.s~ 3000 i_s'dividedamong 4 ,,6en and 6 bGys so thalAnlt;$hare e '\tn, a worna.nl anda bo ttih*~!\e ~atio 9 : 8 :: 4.

What IS, the share; , .

1) Rs. 240 3} Rs.BO

24. .A purse contains 50 p, 20 P and 10 P coins tn the ratio 3 : 4 : 5. The total amount in the purse, is Bs. 42. Find the number of 10 P coins in the purse ?'

1}175 2)90 3)75 4}100

25. Which number !;Jhould be subtraeted from 10! 24, 33 and 93 so. that they become proportlenal to eaeh other?

'1)2 2) 1 3) 34) 4.

26. Three numbers are in the ratio 2: '3: 5 such that 1he sum of their sguares is equal to 2432 .. What is the first number ?

1 ) 24 2) 40 3) 16. 4) 2

.27. Three numbers are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3, so that the sum 'of thelr cubes is 2304. What is the second number?

1 ) 64 2) 8 3) 16 4) 2

,28. If Rs. 1080 is divi.ded among A, Band C such that 1/4 of .Als share, 113 of Bls share and 1/2 ,.of CiS share are equal, what is the share of C?

1,) Rs. 360 2) Rs. 480

3) Rs. 200 4) Rs. 240

.29. Rs. 600 is divided into two parts in such a wa.y that ene-teurth Of the first and one .. thll'd of the seeend arelT the 'ratio 1 : 2. What i$ the first . part?

~",

1) IRS!. »" 2) Rs. 1aQ

3) Rs. .;,",- 4) Rs. 60

Jw,o nu are ln the ratle 4: 7. 1.1 ooch

.!lnumber is ncreased by 14, the ratio .changes t,~:: 7. What ate the two numbers? (2,006) 1~b, 35 2) 15,18 3) 12,21 4) 16,28

.it' -.' - h b ?

3t. 'ITa: b:::: 1 : 3,; b : c == 2 : 5 t en a: ._ : C == •

(2005.)

1 } 1 : 3 : 5 2) 1: 6 :: 15

3),2:6:15 4)6:2:15

32. A bag contain.ing 1:2 mirrors is dropped.

Whi'ch of the fQI~owing: can no. be the ratio between the number of broken and un-

bro'kell mfrroes ? (2005)

1) 3 : 1 2} 7 : 5 3) 2 : 1. 4) 3 : 2

33. The greatest of the natural numbers which a.re ,in the ratio 3 : 2 : 5 and whose sum of'

squarels 1862 (2004),

1) 35, 2) 42 3) 45 4) 49

34. Rs. 1050 is divided among A. Band C such that Ag.ets,2J5 of wha1 B- and C tog'ether get. What is Als share (:in Rupees)? (2004)

1) 300 2) 400 3) 500 4) 600

35. In a ratio equall to 7 = 4~ If the censequent is

56, wha~1 is the antecedent, ? (2001 )

1) 32 2) 49- 3) 98 4) 196

( KEY )
1) 2 2) 3 3) 2 4) 3 5) 4 16) 1 7) 2 B) 2 9) 3' 10) 2
11) 3 12) 2 13) 3 14) 2 15)<1 16)4 17) 2 18) 3 19)4 20)2
21') 3 ,22)4 23) 2 24)3 25)3 26) 3 27)2 28) 4 29)3 30)4
.... ~, \ ..... ........ \ .. ",,",,\ ... ,... AJ\. .. ~~\~ ,PARTNERSHIPS

- -

INTRODUCTION

Itf two or more persons put their money together in order to carry on a certain business, then the deal is kn,own as "'PAR.TNERSHlpH•

1} If lhe capitals are invested for the same period, then the partnership, is caUed "simple partnership II • lin this 'case profit must be divided in the ratio of their investments.

2) It the capitals are invested for diff,e'rent lengths ot time, then the partnership is called n'c.ompound partnershipil. 1n this case profit must be divided in the ratio of the preducta of investment and the time period.

-

EXA,MPLES

Ex : 1) A, Band C invest.ed Rs. 64,000, Rs. 72,000. and Rs. 912,OOOre,spectively to carryon a business. What is the share, of 8 in the annua] profit at Rs. 11,400?

Sol: Ratio of their profits is 64,000 : 7'2,000 ,; 92,000

16: 1.8: ,23

18 B's share =-

. 57

Ex : 2) In a business 'P - s Rs. 45,,000 for

5 months Q, cant _ .Ies 'As. 60,000 for 5 months and R contributes Rs. 80,000 for 6 mon.ths. What is the share of Q in the total profit of Rs. 1,34,0001

Sol ,; Ratio 01 their profits

= (4,5,000.x 5): (60,000 x 5) : (SO,OOO x 6) = 15 : 20: 32

Q's share = ~~ xl, 34, 000 = As. 40,000 Ex : 3) A, Band C rented a car torRs. 2,400 and they used it for 9, 8 and 13 hours respectively. What is the rent paid by B ?

Sol : 9 : 8 : 1 J. is the ratio of rents paid by them

8 . .

HiS share :;:~n x 2, 400 = Rs. ,640

Ex: 4) Ann and Visha1 invested Rs., 2.0,000 am 'Rs. 25,,000 respectively. After 3 months A invested Rs. 5,000 more. Find the sha of AnU in the annual profit of Rs. 18,000

So, : Ratio of their profits

::: (20.000 x 3 + 25,000 x 9) : (25;000 x 12) ~ 19: 20 -

:. Anil's share

19 .

= -x78,OOO

39

= Rs, 38,00.0

Suppose X an~-Y invested thek amounts to run a business. If X involve,s directl.y to improve the bUSiness andY does net, then

X is called "Workili-g Partner" (or) Ii Activ . Partner" and y' is called II SI,eepin Partner". in ,such a case out of total profit sal4ft must be alloted to, .X according t ·tf:r~rc'ontract. and the remaining profit b

\ tUvided in the ratio ,of their capitals.

~ ~ Ex : 5) A, and B started a business by investJi

ljl Rs. 80,000 and Rs. 1.,20,000. A was working partner and had to get 30% of tatat prof'it for his work and the rest is be div'jd(!d in the ratio of their capitals the total profit is Rs. 50.,000, what is share ot8?

So[ : Ratio of investments = 80,000 : 1,,20,00

=2: 3

30

Salary of A = 100 (50,000)

== Rs. 15.,000

Balance of Proiit == 50,000 - 15,009 :: Rs. 35jOOO

3

. Share of 8 == -x35.,OOO

.. . . 5

= As. 21,000

77::' '7'7 Irq 1' .. 5.

EXERCISE ... 1

1,

7.

A andB inves,ted Rs. 70,:000 and Rs. 90,000. A withdrew his capital after 8 months, How long B's capital was used, if the profits are divideded in the ratio 14: '9 ?

1) 2 months 2) 4 months

A, Band C inve~tedRs. 32,OOQ:,_Rs.3~~IO~O and Rs. 48,000 111 a business. What IS thie share of B in the annual profit of Rs. 11,4001

1) Rs. 2600 3) Rs. 4000

2) Rs. 3600

.,

4) Rs, 4200

2.

A, Band C invested Rs. 40,000, R's. 64,000 and Rs. 72,000 In a business. If A receives Rs. 24,000 less than C as his share in the annual profit, what is tha share of B ?

1) Rs. 30,000 3) Rs.: 3.2,000

2) Rs. 36,000 4) Rs. 48,.000

3.

In a business P contributes Rs. 30,000 for 5 months Q contributes Rs. ~5,OOO for 5 months and R contrlbutes Rs. 60,000 for

",'

6 months, What' is the share of Q in the total

profit of Rs. 2,54,000 ?

1) As. 36,000

2) Rs. 40,000

4.

..

ttf;~

3) Rs. 45jOOO 4) Rs. 50,000 ~itgi""

;::"itt

A, 81 and C rented a bus for Rs. 3,600 an"Ui !~ they used it for 5, 6 and 7 hour:s!t"espectively. ~t *

What is the rent pa.id by B ? ltilni~, , 'at.

';'tt" C!Jpt

1) Rs. 24000 dnl~Fts. 100Cf ;ifJ,1

3) Rs. 1200 U.Jr' 4) Flr;t.l900

iH Al'f

Vijay and Ajay i~ >;1 'l!d~$RS. ~5,O?O ~~d Rs.: 30,000 r:espec'tlvely. After 3 months Vljay ~nvested Rs.!5,OOO more, F'ind the share of Vijay in the annual profit of Rs. 1,41 ,O!OO ?

1) Rs. 50,000 2)1 Rs. 69,000

3} Rs. 48,000 4) Rs. 54,000

A, 8 and C invested Rs. 20,000, Rs. 15,000 and Rs .. 15,000 respecti've,ly. A withdrew Rs.S,OOO of his ,capital afte.r 4 mentas and after 2 more months B added As. 5000 to

• his investment. C withdrew his capital at the lend of the 8 month. What is the share of B in the total annual profit of As. 1,59,00{}1 ?

1) As. 48,000· 2) Rs. 50,000

~3) As. 69,000 4} Rs. 63,000

1.

"

3)6 months

4) B months

8. In a business the investment of A is onethird of' the total investment of Band C. B invested one-sixth of the total investment of A and C., What is the share of C in the profit of Rs. 56,0001

1)1 Rs. 3-6.,000 2) As. 34,000

3) As. 42,~qff 4) Rs. 502,000

A and B c.~· , rted a business by investing

1~ m~:1\ -

Rs. 64i®(T,· " ~B~.~ 1,80,000,. A is the, working

{"'$I't?~ """.""'",go •

part~e"~nfthlis;t~ get 20~GI of the tc.t~11 pro!lt

;1'tfpr hls wqtR$lnd the re~t IS to be diVided ~n ji~ ~lilheratio ofthejr capitals. If the total p.rofit

!~i iSj!s.4:0 ... ,rOOO.' ! what lis the share of B., '/

4;-~{ I~, <~ . '.,'

~} , . 1}'iRs. 21,000 2) Hs, 24,000

3) As. 80,000 4) Rs .. 92,GOO

10. A, Band C invested Rs. 12,000, Rs., 24,000 and Rs. 36,000 in a business. A wiithdrew his capital after 1 ye~r and afte·, 6 more months B withdrew his capital. (1 the, total profit is, Rs. 3,90,000 for 3 years! what is the shareofS?

1) As. 8'0,000 3) Rs. 65JOOO

9.

2) Rs. 90,000 4) Rs. 72,000

11. A and B enter: a partnershlp with capital in the ratio 4 : 7. A withdrew his capital at the end of 8· monlths. I'f they receive the p,rofit in the ratio 8 : 21', find how liang B's capital was, used?

1) 6 mo~tn,s 2') 8 months

3) 1 year 4) l' 8 months

A started a business by investing Rs. 8000. After sometime B joined him wilth a capital of IRs. 6000. They shared the· annual pr:ofit In the ratio 2 : 1. How long was B there in the business?

1) B months 3) 4 months

12.

2) 12 months 4) 9 months

13.

15:

The investments of A and B are in the ratio 3 = :2. 'A' withdraws his capital in 6 months, then how long B's capital lis used. if they divide the profit equany ?

1} 8 months 2) 9 months

3) 6 1/2 months 4) 11 months

14.. In a business' A' invested 3n of what Band C together 'invested. What is the share of' A' in the profit of As. 49,000 ?

1) Rs. 14600 2) Rs. 11800

4) Rs. 14700

The investments of A, Band C are in ratio 7 : 8~ 6. Ilf Band C together reC:f:!!I,Vlf!IiII Rs. 24000 as their share in the pre·fit, what A's share in the profit?

1) Rs. 12000 3} Rs. 8000

2) Rs.BOOO 4) As. 10,000

( KEY )
1) 2 2} 4 3) 4 4) 3 5) .2
6) 4 7) 2 8)2 9) ,2 10) 2
-
t 1)3 1~)1 13) 2 14)"4 15) 1 EXERCISE - 2

1.

A. Band C invested Rs. 16,000, Rs. 32,000 and Rs. 40,.000 in a business. If C received Rs. 36·,000' more than A as his share in annual profit, what is the share of B ?

1) Rs. 40,000

2) Rs. 48,000

2.

3) Rs. 60;000 4) Rs .. 7:2,000 , 1,_;u

11"-1",·' ,

The investment ~f A~ Band Care Rs. 36,OOO! '\ Rs. 42,000 and Rs. 60,000. If thotal profit "

is Rs. 2,76,000., what is the\; terence

between the share of A and C ? ,t,

}' .

s.40,OOO "'J"\~ ~O.OOO

r

1) As. 46,000 3}Rs.48;000

I

3 ..

A, Band C entered a pa:rtnership Band C investedRs. 48,000 and Rs. 42,000 they . tog,ether' received Rs. 45,,000 as the share of profit, If the total profit at the end of the year ls Rs. 63,000, what was the investment olA?

1) Rs. '36.000 3) Rs. 18,000

2) Rs. 72,000 4) Rs. 64,000

4.

In a business A contributes 'As. 45,000 for 5 months, B :contribut.es Rs. 60,000 for 5 months and C eontrlbutes IRs. 80,000 for 6 months. What is the share of B in the total profit of Rs. 2,68,000 ?

1) As. 160,000 2) As. 80,000

3) Rs. 75,000

4) Rs. 90,000

5.

,~ .

A contribut.e~~. 18,000 tor 8 months and

contributes B~24,OOO for 6 m'onths·. If' share of c in tffe~t<ital profit of Rs. 4,50, I~Rs. 1,~O,~t hOW lang C's capital sed if hls in'Ve:stment is Rs; 36,000 ?

. ) 2\wpnths 2) 6 months

)~):J.¥onths 4) B months

,,:~, and C hil'Sd a T.V. set for Rs. 720 .

they used it for 13, 9 and a ho· respectively. What was the charge byA?

1) Rs.. 212 2) Rs. 72

3) Rs. 318 4) Rs. 312

A, Band C rented a pasture. A grazed 36 cows for 4 months, B his 50 cows' 2 months and Chis 56 cows for 5 months. A's share of rent. was Rs. 360, whatwa.s total rent?

1) Rs. 131.0 2) Rs. 605

3) Rs .. 665 4) 'As, 700

A and B invested As. 15~OOO and Rs. 26, respectively. After 4 months, A puts Rs. 6,.000 more. What is. the share of B the annual profit of Rs. 62,000 '1

1) As. 15,000 2.) Rs. 18,000

3) Rs. 22,000 4) Rs. 30tOOO

Prasad and Hari entered a partnership Rs. 48,000 and Rs. 60,000 respectively. 6 months Pr.asad withdr,ew Rs. 8,000. the share of Harl in the annual profit of ',04,0001 1) Rs. 80,000 3) Rs. 75.000

6.

7.

B.

9.

2) Rs. 60.000 4) Rs. 90,000

10.

16.

A, Band C started a business. A invested Rs. 10,000. A and 8 rece.ived Rs. 500 and fls. 300 as their shares in the total profit Rs. 1000. What is the investment of C ?

(2006)

C KEY J
-
1} 2 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2. 5) 3 6) 4 7) 1 8) 4 9) 2 10)2
1'1} 1 12)3 13)4 14)2 15} 2 16) 3 17)2 1.8)3 19) 3 20)2 11.

Prabhu and Mahesh entered a. partne.rship with Rs. 50,000 and Rs. 60,000. After 4 months Prabhu invested Rs. 25,000 more

. whUe Mahesh withdrew Rs. 20,000. find the share of Prabhu in the annual profit of Rs. 3,.40,000 ?'

1) Rs. 2,80,000 .2) As, 2,00.000

3) Rs.45tOOO 4) Rs. 1',75,'000

A, Band C Invested Rs .. 40,000, Rs. 60,000 and Rs. 50,000 respectiveJy in a business. After 6 months ~increased his investment by 50%• What is the share of ,B In the annual profit of Rs. 96,000 ?

1) Rs. 36,000 2) Rs. 18,000

3) Rs. 45;000 4) Rs. 52,000

A and B invested Rs. 48,,000 and Rs.72,OOO in a busmess, B was'a sleeping iPartner. At the end of the year th.ey received Rs. 36,000 each. What Is the salary of A per year?

1) Rs. 10,000 2) Rs. 18,000

3) Rs. 12,000 4) Rs·, 20,,000

Priyatha and Sravan!i started a business with Rs.2 and Rs.3.5Iakhs respectively. P,riyatha is a slee,ping partner, In the annual p;rofit 0 Rs. ·3,35,000 Pri·yatha got Rs. 1 ,00,000. What is the monthly salary of Srava.nl t

1) Rs. 6,000 2) Rs. 50,0 _ . \

3) Rs. 60;000 4) Hs. 5,000 q

Feurtranspnrt comp~' " 8, C, D·

a parking pl'ace. A ke" B ea . r 4 months;

B kept 24 cars for 2 .fthS ept 28 ears

~itw~ f

for 6 months and.D kept u.cai'S· or 3 months

in the parking place. If A's share .of rent is R.s. 3,600, the total rent of the p.arking place in rupees is 1)18000 3)21000

12.

13.

14.

2)18600 4)24000

15.

lin a business, A jnvested 3 tlrnes as much of B invested and B ilnvested 2/3 of what C Invested. If the annual prQfit Is Rs. 55,000, the share ·of B In thousands of rupees is

f) 12 .2) fa 3) 15 4) 30

1) Rs. '9000 3) Rs, 4000

2) Rs. 6000 4) Rs. 3500

17.

In a business, the investments of A and B are in the ratio :3 : 2. If 10% of total profirt goes to a foundation and A rKelved Re. 810,

What Is the total Profit? (2006) .

18.

2)Rs.1500 4) As. 1400

In a jo·int .. nd C invested 114th

qt,the capl of the capital and the

<~' ~Iii:respecti ""~y.Then the share of B in the

Rs. '6,001,000 is (200S)

1) Re. 1550

3) Rs. 1.20,000

2:) Rs. 3,30,000 4) Rs. 1,00,000

A, Band C invested a total sum of Rs. 1,00,00,000 in a business. A invested Rs. 30 fakhs more than C,and B Invested Rs. 10 lakhs more than C. Then the 'sha,re of B 'out of a total' profit of Rs" 20 la,khs is (in lakhs)

(2005)

1) 4 3) 6

2)5 4) 10

20.

I,A I ,started a business by investing' Rs. 50,.000. Afle,r 2 months B joined him with Rs. 50,000 as his investment. What is the share of A In the ermuai profit of Rs. 22,OOO? (2004)

11) Rs. 10,000 3) Rs .. 11,500

2) Rs" t 1 ,000 4) Rs. 12,000

PROB,LEMS ON AGES

Ex : 1) The ratio of the ages of Mr. Dav,id and his son is 6 ; 1. After 5 years the ratio will be 7: 2. What is the present age, 0" Mr. David?

SOl! : Let the present aqes be 6x and x years Given (6x + 5) : (x + 5) = 7 : 2 ~ 2(16x + 5) ;:; 7(x + 5) 5x ;:: 25 x=5 ., The present age of Mr. David

= sx 5 = 30 years

Ex : 2) The ratio of ages of A and B is 5: 3 and the sum 'of their ages is 32 years. What wUl be the ratio of thelr ages after 16 ~.

·years? <~~ .

Sol : let the present age s of A and 8 be 5x and '

ax years x = 5

EXAMPLES.

5x + 3x = 32 => .x;;::: 4

: . Their ages areq;4

\I

-~'!20 and

. ,,'

:; :JIYears

~i'"

"'6 years = 36 : 28

=9,:7

Ratio of their ages af .

-

SHORT CUT M'ETHOD

Their ages are 5x and 3x Given sx + 3x = sx = 32 years :. 16 years = 4x

,

Since we require the 'ratio of t.heir aqss.atter 16 years, add 4x d~rec:tly qives (5X + 4x) and, (3x + 4x)

sx : 7}{:::: '9 : 7

Ex : 3) 'The ages of a father and his daughter are In the ratio 4 : 1. If 5 years ago their ages wer'e in the ratio 7 : 1" What is the present age of the father?

-.-----~-,-

Let 4x and x be their present ages (4x- 5) : (x - 5) = 7 : t ;;;;::>1(4x-5}=7(x-5)

3x = 30

:. x:;:: 10

Present age of father;: 4 x 10 ::: 40 years

Ex: 4) F'ive ye,ars ago Aruna's age was tlmes the age ,of her daughter at that and after 5 years! her age will be thrice age: of her d . hter. How old is I now?

Sol, :

Sol:

:. Arurra's age was 7 x 5

= 35 years, 5 years ago

:. Her present age :::: 35 + 5 = 40 years Ex : 5) The sum of the ages of Raghu and is 5'6 years. 6 years ago, the ratio of th ages was 7 : 4. How old is Mr. Rajesh

Sol : The sum of the ir present ages;: 56 years let their ages 6 years ago. were 7x and Sum oftheirpresent ages

= (7x + 6) + (4x + 6) :: 56

11x = 44

x:=lj

:. Mr. Raj.eshls present. age::; 4x + 6 = (4 x 4) +6 ;:;; 22 years

Ex: 6)

Sol:

Ex: 7)

Ex: 8)

A is 4 times as old as B. 3 years henoe'the sum of their ages wiU be 41 years. What is the age of A ?

Let A and B ages are 4x and x

(4x + 3) + (x + 3) :::; 41 => 5x:= 35 => x=-7 .. ~ Present age of A = 4 x 7 ;::: 28 years

Mr. Rao has, two sons. His age is 3 times the sum of the ages' of h is sons" After 4 years his age will be twice the sum of the ages of his sons. What is the present age of' Mr. Rae·?

Sol: Let M be the present age of Mr. R:ao Let 81 and 8,2 be the, aqes of his sons M :: 3(81 + 82) ....••.. (~}

After 4 years

(M -If- 4) :: 2{S1 + 4 + S2 + 4) M + 4 == 2(81 + 52) + 16

M = 2(81 + .82) + 12

M =- 2{M 13) + 12 (Using (1) Equation)

=> M ~ 36 years $ t

In 8 years, the age of Khan wUl be 4 Urnes ~t\" what he was 13 years ago. What ls his fd ""'

present age?' f

Given difference x = 4 years

.-

:. Kary ... an's p.~~sent age = 4 + 3 = 7 years

~U !

Ex : 10) Manoj is..8 {:~ en younger' to Vishal as he

ts olde" . ~Ifthe sum ofthe ages

40f ~_i~ha.~lJ'" . "esh Is 54,year, ho,w old t-iManoJ~. ?

JfiJ·

V1;fM = M - R

,iW1y + R

Sol:

Let the present age 01 Khan be IN years.

.

After 8 years he will be (A + 8) years old and

13 years a.go he was (A - 13) years old

Given (A + 8) = 4(A - 13)

=> A = 20 years

3 years 8'gO Pavan was twice as old as Kalyan. If the dilfference of their ages is 4 years, how old is Kalyan now?

Hatlo of their ages 3 years ago was 2 : 1

2x and x

Ex: 9}

Sol :'

Sol

2M =-54

:. M = 27 years

"'xu'''' """--.--- ....... ----."

%t,

!~e rati? of the ·a9_el!Hlt M!lt~mod~r a~d his son IS 5 :1. Afterfl.-Y1jii the rauo wdl be 6 ; 2. What is 'the present age of Mr. Damodar ?

1.

2.

,3.

1) 28 years 3.) 40 years

2} 36 years 4) 45, years,

4.

5.

6.

Five years ago lalita's age was, seven times· the age of har son at that time and after. 4 years, her age wifl be thrice the age of her son" How old ls Lal it.a now?

1) 35 years 3) 45 years

2) 28 years 4) 48 years

The ratio of the ages of Amar and Rahi'm is ,3:1 and the sum of their ages is 32 years. What will be the ratio of their ages after 10 years'?

1} 14: 5 3)17:9

,2) 16:.7 4) 19: 7

The sum of the ages Of Mehar and Ramu is 48 years. 4 years ago, the ratio qf their ag'es was 5 : 3. How old is Mr. Ramu now?

1) 22 years 3) 28 years

2) 24 years 4) 1 g, years

The ages of ,8 father and his son are in the ratio 3 ~ '1. If 6 years ago their ages were in the ratio 7 : 1. What is the age of the father?

1) 27 years 2) 48 years

3) 52 years 4} 32 years

Mr. K.ishore is 6 tim.es as old as Bhaskar. 4 years hence the sum of their age,s wU'l be 44 years. What is the age of Klshcre ?

1) 20 years 2) :23 years

3) 30 years 4) 26 years

,

- ~ __ ._~ - _~I_--L_._~ __ j_~ '_~ _~~~

7, Mlr. Pavan has two daughters. His age ts 3 times the sum ot the ages of his, daughtifH'S. After 4 years his age will be twice the sum of the ages of hls dsughle'rs. What is the present age of Mr. Pavan ?

1 ) 42 years 2) 36 years

3) 38 yeairs 4) 24 years

6. lin 10 years, the age of Mohan will be 3 times that of hlm 6 years a,go. What Is his, present a'ga?

1) 1 a years 2) 14 years

3) 12 years 4) 20yea.rs

9. 6 years·ago David was thrice.as old as Kim.n. " the difference of their ages is 2 years, how old is Kiran now?

1) ,8 years 2) 6, years

3) 7 years 4) 5 years

10.. Phani is as much younger to Vilhal, as he is older to Ram,esh" If the sum of the ages of Vithal and Ramesh is 56 years, how' old ls Phani now?

1) 26 years 2) 24 years

3) 28 years 4) 30 years

11 1, Neeraja go,t married 4 years ago. Today her

1 ~

1 - ~

age is -.s times her age at t

marriage.. He~r son's What is the age of 1) 1 year 3) 3 years

n?

12. The ages of A and B are in the ratio 3, :

The produc1 of their ages i,s 27. What"wHl the ratio of their' agesafte'r 3yea.rs?

1) 1 : 2 2) .2 : 1 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 5

13. The, sum of the ag~s of a father and his Is 4 times the age of the son. If the. AVGi_ age of· the father and the son is 28 what is the age 0" the son?

1) 16 years 2} 14 years

3) 12 years 4) 18 years

14. The sumetthe present ages of Prakash Sudhir is,7times the diffe~ence oUhelr Aft.er 5 years, the sum of their ages will times the difference of their ag'e5. The, age olthe el'der otthetwo lis

1) 10 years, 2) 20 years

3) 35 years 4) 18 years

15. . ,$ 5 times as o~d as

ars he w.ill be th How old is Sure,sh ........ ,'""'

2) 101 years 4) 15 years

( KEY )

1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 5) 4
6) :3 7) 2 8) 2 9}3 10)13
11) 3 12:) 2 13)2 14) 2 15)4 ( EXERCI'SE ... 2 )

~-.------~-- ........ ,----. !II~~~---~!!"!!!!"""'~----~ _

1.

Ki·ran is three years elder than Mani. If KImn is 'm' years old, how o!ld was Manl two years ago?

1) m _ 2 2) m - 3

3) m·_ 5 4) m + 5

A woman was In' yeareold IXI years ,ago .. Her age 'm' yearsfirom now is expressed as

1).n-x+m 2)n+x-m

2.

3) 2n'+ m +x

4) n + m + x

3.

Fift'een years hence a man will be four as old as he was fifteen years ago. was hi'S age 4 years ago?

1) 25 years 2) 29 years

3) 21 years . 4) 22 years .

Syam i:s younger to Sri,ja by 10 'years. If years back their ages were in the ratio 1 : how old is Srlja now?

1) 20 years 2) 25 years

3) 15 years 4) 30 years

4,

5,.

3) 4, years
)
( KEY

1) 3 2) 4 3) a 4) 2 5)-4
6) 2 7) 4 8) 2 9)2 10)4
11) 2 12) 1 13)3 14)2 15}4 6.

P is as much younger 'to Q as he is o,ldell' to R. If the sum of the ages 'of Q and R is, SO years, what is the, the difference between the ages of Pand Q ?

1) 25 years 2) 1 year

3) 2 years 4) Date inadsquate

Sushma's mother is four t,lmes as old as Sushma. After 5 years, her mother wUI be 3 times as old as she wm be then. What Is the age of Sushma?

1) 15 years 2) 10 years

3,) 20 years

4) 5 years

7.

A mother had three sons. They were born at the intervals of 3 years. The sum of the'ir ages is 24 years,. What lis the age of the youngest son?

1) 8 years 2) 6.years

3) 11 years

8.

Raj'esh is, 30 years younger than his uncle today. Ftve years ago, ,Rajesh was 1/4 as old as his uncle. How old will Rajeshis uncle be 8 ye'ar,s hence?

1 ) 40 y~ars 2) 48 years

3) 32 years 4) 4'6 years

Surekha got married 6 years ~r . Today her

1 !

a g .. e is 1-:- limes her age at . 'e ool

4, U}Y

marriage. He.r s 9 '!. 1/10 times her

age. Her son's a;," ];

1) 2 years ,~

9.

I ""''_~IIIIIiii!ii'!"!~'''JII!'IIii...~---. ---

4) 60 years

1.0.-

Two years back, the ratio between the ages, of Maruthi and Sandeep was 3 : 2. H Sandee,p is younger than Maruthi' by eig,ht years, what is the present age of Maruthl ?

1) 18 years 2} 20 years

3) 24 years 4) 26 years

Fiye years ago Raj's age was two-third of his present age'. How old is Raj today?

1) 16 years 2) 15years

3) 10 years 4) 20 years

The ratio of the present ages of father and. his son is 2 : 1., If the ratio 10 years ago was 5 : 2, then the present age of the sen is

(2007)

11"

12.

13.

2)25 4)32

. fa old tpr years ago. How ',s ago l' (2,000)

2') P-A+T

3)~ + P - T 4) A - P - T

f!~" will be 5 times a,s Ol~ as he _i,$ now. , awer 8yeairs. How many years hence will he be 10 times as old as he (s now? (,2004)

1)16 2) 18 3) 2.0 4) 14

The sum of the·ages of a father and his son i,s, 100 years. 10 years ago, their ages were in the ratio 5 : 3. What is the present age of

Ihetather? (2004)

1) 63 years 2) 62 years

15.

AVERAGES

. - '4500 E

Ave rag· e = = 75

.. ' 60

INTRODUCTION

.An Bv·erage ls the sum of n different items divided by n.

Total of items Average:: N be I it urn ner o I ems.

EXAMPLES

- - - -- - - -----

Ex : 1,) The av,erage mark obtained by 40 boys is 65

, and the .average mark of 20 girls is 95.

What is the average mark of all I:he students in tile class?

Sol: Total marks of boys and girls == (4'0 x 65) + (20 x 9'5)

= 2600 + 1 900 = 4500

1

Ex: 2) The avEtrage score 0·' a player 'in 9 matches \;

is 12. If in the, 10th match h

Sol :.

= (9 x .1 2) + 24 -

. 132.

New Average = ~ =.13.2

. 10

Ex : 3) The average mark of 30 students in a class is increased by 1.2, when a student of mark 48 is replaced by a new student, What is the mark obtained by' the new student?

Sol:

, ----

SHORT CUT METHOD

Total increase ;;;;;: 30 x 1.2 = 36

.', Marks obtained by new student are = 36 -+ 48 :;: 84

----.-----.--;;;,,;;;;;;;;;;:--------~-- ~-

Ex : 4) The average of four numbers is 13. If ea number is Increased by 5, what is the n ave,rage?

Sol : Let fl, b, c and d are the four numbe rs Given a + b + C + d = 4- x ·13 = 52

If' each number is Increased by 5 New total

::; (a + 5) + (b + 5) + (c« 5) + (d +5)

I

ars ago the average age of a famUy' embers was 1 9 years. A new b .aving been born, the present av'erage a of1he·family remainslhesametoday. is the present ag.e of the boy?

The total ag;e'of 3 membsrs.S years aqo W = 3 x 1 9 = 57 years

The present total age otthese thre,e mamba

, .

= 57 + (3 x 5) ;;; 72 years

The present total age of four members = 4 x 1 9 ::: 76 years

:. The age of the boy == 76 -72 = 4 yaar

Sol:

-----~---~~-~---

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

EXERCISE - 1

~'"

'~I.fh ,*-.ftt

~~~it The averagle of 11 numbe ~is, 40. The td t

, 12.

average of first 5 numbers ; i -.6 an9~ the

ave.rage of ,last 5 numbers is 4:i! - he

6th number ? g1itrt~; .J

",",i« *~ e-:

1) 38 2) 42fi~i 3) 1itl 4) 45

·t~:f.-& . &S"j;~

The averas.· e of 13·~geJtttaUons is 23. Th.e

~-"'¢-:'f ,;t"tt$-

average af first 7is~'27,.;and that of last 7 is

24. What Is the value of the seventh observation?

The average mark obtained by 30 glir'ls is, 55 and the average, mark of 20 boys is 40., What Is the average-mark qf all the students in the class ?

1) 38

2}42

3)49

4)63

The average score ofa player in 10 matches

- -

lis 12. If in the 11 tJ:l match his score is 34

what is his new average? . -

1) 11 2) 12 3) 13 4) 14

The average of four consecuUve even numbers is 3,1. What is the' Ila,rgest number of the, four?

1) 32 2)40

3)48

4)54

The average ,rainfall for MOr'1day, Tuesday and Wednes-day is'4.3" erri. Theaverage rainfall f,or Friday;-Satu;rday and Supday is 3.9 cm. If the av,erage rainfall tor the total week. ts .3.7 em, what is the ralinfal'l recorded on Thur~ay?

1) 2.4 em

2) 1.3 em

3) 2.8 em

2)58

4)72

,

The average age of Mr. and Mrs" Praka.sh and

their 4 children is 20 years. If his age is excluded" the average ,ag~ of remaining members in the famUy wOUlI'd be 17 years. How old is Mr. Prakash ?

1) 30 years 2) 32 years

3) 26 years

4) 29 years

B.

The average mark of 30 students in a class, is increased by 1.2, when a student of mark 42 is replaced by a new student. The mark obtained by the new student itS

1)64 2)72 3}78 4)66

The average of four numbers is 19. If each number is increased by 3, what is the new 8verag,e?

1)22 2)24 3)26 4)28

The aVe,ra,g'e age of 17 players is 14 ye'ars. If the age of their coach is j'ncJuded, the average oftbegroup beco.mes 15 years. How old Is the c.ch '?

9.

10.

1) 41 yea 2) 38 years ,

3) 31 ~tJ· . ~f~t4t;} 4) 32 years

f;t*au1\ "~IJ¥.~Ji" f - • -

11. . 5 years.Q~tJdtf8Verage age e a family of 3

" • - ember§.Sils 17 years. A new boy was born

. . d~rjng this period. Even then the average

(;Ul .~; otthe f:amily remains unchanged. What

t*,.: ,.J~ih,e present age of the boy? ,

~ ,-

1) 1 year 2) 2 years

3) 3 years 4) None

The average of 8 observations is 26. 'f the average for the first 5 observatlons is 18.2.

What is the average of' last 3 ebservatlons ?

1) 33 2) 39 3) 36 4)17

Of the three numbers, the IiIrs! number is one-half of the second, the second number

is one-thlrd of the thir,d' number. The-average of three numbers is 16. What is the sum of' ' the first and the second number?

1) 4B 2) 5.3 3) 24 4) 16

14. The average of 18 numbers is, 14. While calculating the average, one number is taken as 73 instead of 37. What Is the correct average?

1)36 2)12 3)18 4)19

15. What Is the average, of all the odd numbers between 40 and 90 ?

1) 130 2)90 3)65.5 4)65

1'3.

( KEY )

1) 3 2) 4 3) 2 4) 2 5) 4 6) 2 7) 2 8) 3

9) 1 10)4 11)2' 12)2 13)4 14)2 15)4

--""'!!!!!!!!!! ....... '---~-~--~-------

( EXERCISE - 2 )

( KEY )
1) 3 2) 3 3) 4- 4) 2 5) 3 6) 2 7) 3 8) 3
9) 4 10)2 11)4 12)2 13),4 14) 3 15)2 _,_ -' - - _ ~ ~ - - "'"""': - - -- ~ ~ _ -: - __ -_ -- -- -'-:--,'_~ -<!B) -----

- ..... IW'~~._I~ ... __ I ._= __ 1 6_t:& .• 1iiI'&_ l.r_~ ... IIiiII!_ .. __ . :; .... _. cr. 'IiI ••• .... __ .. #!i!1 .,~"'" -

1.

The aver,age mark of 17 boys is 12 and that of13 girls is 118. What is the average of all thestudenls ?

1) 15 3) 1'4.6

2) 15.5 4) 15.6

2,

The avera,ge of 9, b, e, d and e is 12.. If the average of a, band cis 19, what liS the average ef d and e?

1) 7 2) 6,53) 1.5 41) ,3

The average mark, of 30 students in ,8 class is 48. 15 new students join the class. With thi's tile average of'the class is brought down to 40. What is the average mark of the 15 new students?

3.

1)42

3)28

2)32

4)24

14.

The average temperat~re on SLiIIl1day; Monday and Tuesday i:s 19.5°. The average temperature on Thursday, Friiday ,and Saturday is 8.So. If the temperature on Wednesday,i,s 114°, what is the average temperature for the week l'

'1) 14.5° 2) 14° 3) 16,5° 4) 17.40

What is the 8vera,ge of first number,s?

1) 180 2) 90 The average of 1 number Is mult'i average?

1)62 2),63

5.

6.

4) 91

7.

The average of 21 numbers is 17. The aver:ag,e, oHirsi 11 numbers is 13 and that of last 11 numbers !Is 29. What is the value of the 11 th number?

1) 95 2) 75 3) 1 05 4) 115

The average of' three numbers Is 135. The largest number is 180 and the difference of the other two is 45. The smallest number is

1) 135 2) 45 3) 90 4) 190

8.

9.

Theavera,ge weiight o,f B men is increas by 1.5 kg when one of'the menwho weig- 65 kg is replaced by a new man. The weig of the new man is

1} 76 kg. 3) i'6.7kg.

2) 76.5 kg 4} 77 kg

10.

The aver,age mark of 45 students in a cia is 52. five of them whose average j's leave theclass and the other 5 studen whose average is 54 loin the class. What i tltie new average mark of the class 1

1)52,,6

2),52 2 3) 52~ 4} 53

'3 2

11.

4) cannot be determined

-, 'e average of marks obt.ained by 1, candidates is 35. II' the average of pass candidates is 3,9 and that of failed candidates is 15, the number of candidates who paSSed the examination is

1)80 2)150 3)30 4)60'

13. The, aver,age of X and y is 18. If z is equal t 9, the average of x, y and z is

1)3 2fg 3) 12 4) 15

14. The average age of 5 chUdren is 8 years .• their father's· a'ge is inc~uded then the average age of the group becomes 13 yea,

Ho,w old is the father? (2,006)

1 ) 30 2) 34 3) 38 4) 37

15. Three years ago, the av-erage age of A and B was 20 years. With C joining them, the average age of A, Band C is 25 years. HID

old Is C, ? '(2006)

1) 30 2) 29 3) 31 4)32

NUMB,ERS AND DIVISIBILITY

8 if the set of the last ttiree digits is divisible d~

. '~'lI-" !h

~a q.~

. ¥~.~ .. 2}

~&*'~: "'. $} if the sum of the digits is ,dIvisible by 9.

AJ

10 .If the digit in units place is zwit)

_ ''iU

Note: A _number IABCDI is $~W,iSible' ABC _, 20. i,s diviSib!!iyqy i.e. of a iven number ,if the twice cJmJ~<;C :. e digif, (I uni'ts place

hl. ./0""

when substracted fro . l~number made

of the remaining digits Is divided by 1 then the given number is divisibre by 7.

Note: A number ABC,D'EF is divisible by 11, if the differenoe between (A ;. C + E + ••. ) and (8 +, D ... F + ... ) is zere or a multiple of 11.

Face value of a digit

The actual value of a digit is known as, "Face zalue" or uAbsolute value".

INTRODUCTI,ON '

- - -

Rules of DilvisibUity :

A number is divisible by .

2 if the digit in the units place is even number or zero.

3 it the sum of the diglts of the number is divisible by 3.

4 it the set of last two ,digits is divisible by 4.

• 5 if the digit in the units place Is either zero

•

•

•

or five.

• 6 lithe number is divisible by botn 2 and 3.

•

•

•

ex ; The face value of 5 in 4563 is 5 Place Value of a di.9_it.

The value of a digit that vari,es with lts rosttlon is known as .1 Place value II or Local value".

Ex :The local value of 7 in 615 is 7 x 10 == 70 ecause it lsln ten's place.

EXAMPLES

Ex: 1) The sum o,t three consecutive even numbers is 90. What will he the middle number?

Sol : Let the three consecutive even numbers be

x, (x + 2), (x +j)

4:*

+ (x + 4) == 90

iddle number e 28 +2 ~ 30

Sol,:

If one-teurth of three-fifth of a number is ,27, what is 40 percent of that number?

1 3 .

-x~x=27

4 5

x ::; 180

40 40 .

Requlredvalue = -.~x::= -.-x180 == 72

. .. . 100 100

Ex ,: 3) What would come In the place Of ( * )0 mark

In the following equation?

23 *40+ 114 == 210 23*40 == 210

114

23*40=210x114 ::;23.94,0

:. The symbol (* ) be replaced by 9'

Ex; 4) A number when divided by 121 gives a remainder 60. ,If the same number is divided by 11" ths remainder will be

1) 3

3)5

4) 10

2)4

Sol : The general form 'Of the number is 121 x + 60

If the same number is divided by 11

121x +60

II ' the remainder win be 5

Ex : 5) Sanikar get'S 3 marks tor each correctly answered question and loses 2 marks 'fair each wrongly answered question. He attempts 30 questions and gets 40 marks. The number of eorreetly attempted questions is

1 ) 25 2) 20 3) 1 5 4) 14

Let 'C' be, the correctly done and 'WU be, wrongly done questions

C+W::30

3C-2W=40

Sol:

(

. C::20

. . -

Ex: 6)

Adding! 32 to a number is equal to adding 40% of that number' to it. What is 1,5'0% 'of

that number? \\' -,

*\

Sol:

Let the number be 'X'

40 x+32=x+-x 100

40

~ _______:__ x = 32 :;;;;;>

100

. 150 _150 80 -12'0

.. -x~-·-x -

100 100

Ex : 7) Ramu was asked to divide a number by 4, but wrongly he mul:fipUed the same by 4. H is answer is 60 more than the correct answer. What lis the correct answer?

x

Sol : Correct answsr « 4

Hi's answer» 4x

x

Given 4x ,:: 60 + 4 => x = 1,6,

.. Correct answer = 16/4 ::' 4

-!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!~~--"------- ----~----

Ex : 8) 849 tables are to be arranged in such a way that the number of chairs in each column should be equal to the number. columns. How manytables will be excluded to make this arrangement, p'ossible ?

Sol :, Let 1here be 'x' columns and 'x' chairs in sac Column

The number less than 849, which is a perfect square is 841

X,2:: 841

;;::;;} x = 29

:" 849 - 841 :: 8 chairs, will be excluded What is the sum of the numbers ;In the follow:ing se'rie~ ?

~~

2, 6~ 10, 14 .," 0

Ex: 9)

Sol;

If the diff,e,' , .Wt'feen the successive

numbers is cons Hrfhen in the series,

Number of elsrnents

. ~~st element - First elemen! + 1 Difference

Sum of the elements

n

= 2 [Last element + First element]

By usinq the, above formulae

70~2 Number of elements ~ - 4 + 1

1&

Sum of all the elemts:: 2: [70 + 2] ;;;:; 648

Ex: 10) How many numbers upte 216 are divisible by14?

Sol: 14) 21:6 (15

210

6

There are 15 numbers upto 216 which are divisible by 14.

---~-~~-----Q.~~--

. . .... .. -- ,.. .. ,..., ~

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

B.

,

(EXERCISE - 1 )

. I '

333' % of 20% af number j'g 15. What is the

number?

1)21'5

2)235

3),225

4)280

Tl1e sum of three consecutive even numbers is 78. What is the middle number?

.1)24

:l)22

3)26

4)28

If one-sixth of three seventh of a number is 10, what is 40% of that number?

. 1) 54

2)82

3)35

,4)56

When 14 is added to a number, it becomes 2

1 3 times the original number. What is the

original number?

1)24

3)21

2) 18

4)26

What wouJd come in the place of ( * ) m~:. in the following equatlon ?

32*50+225 =146

1) 2 2) 4

Which of' the 'folio added to 19694 tqf

I"

by9? f

1)8 2)7

3.) 6

4)4 .

If one--third of one-fourth of a number is 1S" then three .. fifthl of the number is'

1) '105

2)108

3) 102

4) 118

A number when div,ided by 221 give's a remainder o'f 63. If the same number jls divided by 11Jthe remainder will be

1) 4 2) 7 3)6 4) 8 Prakash 9,ets 3 ~ar,ks for each correctly answered question and loses 2 marks for each wrongly answered question. He attempts 30 questions and gets 40 marks. The number of qoestions answered correctly by him Is

1 ) 2.5 2) 20 3) 15 4) 14

10. One-half of three-fifth of one-fourth of a number is 27. What is 20%of that number?

1) 65

,2)68

3)7'2

4)96,

11. What should come in the ptaee o,f both the quest.ion marks, (7) in the tollowin'9 equation?

1.6 ?

12.

? 8.1

1)6.3 2)r5.6 3)3.6 4)0.36

f.

When 40 H ubtracb~d from a number, it

reduo-third. What is 60% of that

num

3)27

4)36

IfMJding 24 to a number ils equal to adding a~~. of that number, then 40% of that number on

IS .

2)40

3)32

4)36

14.

The sum of three consecutive e,vennumbers is 102. What is the, difference between 1/2 ,of the lowest and one .. third of the largest number?

2)6

3).8

4}NQne

1)4

15.

If the difference between a number and lts ' three-fifth is 60, what i's the number?

1)22,5

2)175

3)150

16.

.....

When 84 is added to a number, the new

number becomes 300 percent ofthe·original number. What Is the original number?

1) 81

2)42

3)200

4)56

17.

The sum of the digits of' a two digit number is 10. If 1.8 ;,s added 'to the number, the digits win be reversed. What is the number?

2)37

3)64

4)46

1) 73

18.

A number when multiplied by 17, exceeds itself by.48. What is the number?

3)8

4)12

1) 3 . ,2) 6

19.

By how much more is thr,ee - seventh of 147 than one-fourth of 96 ?

1) 39

2)46

3)59

4)81

20.

The sum of three eensecunve numbers ls 36. What is the square olf' the middle, number?

1) 144

2) 21 a

3)130'

4) 169

. 21.

Pradeep is asked to divide a number by 5, but he wlrongly multiplied the same by 5. His answer is 72 more than the correct

. answer. What is the correct answer?

1) 15

3)20

4)25

22.

In the lollowing 'product which number appears in the, un its place?

109 x 634 x 178 x 9364::

2)2

1) ,

3)3

4)4

23.

'749 chairs are to be arranged iin such a way that the number of chairs in each column should be equal to the number of columns. H"GW many cha irs' are to be withdrawn to make this arrangement possible?

3)27

1) 19

4)36

2),20

24.

What is the sum of the numbers in the series 3,7, '11, 15 .. u •••••••• 75

1) 862' 2)741

How ma'nynumb by17 ?

1)13 2)11

25.

4)9

26.

How many numbers are there from 250 10 502, which are divisib1e by 13 ?

1) 23

3)19

4)93

2) 102

27.

28.

30 .

31.

32.

34.

35,.

3) 16

How many numbers upto 355 are divisible by 3 and 4?

1)29 2) 115 3)251 4) 63

How many numbers 'from 281 to ,651 are divisible by 2, 3, 4 and 5 ?

1) 18

.2) 23

29. One third of three-fifth ot, a number is 17.

What is the number?

1)105

2)85

4)6

3)65

4)75

If two-fifth of a number is 1.8, what will be 300% of that number?

1) 14,.5 2) 13

3) 13.5 4) 14

If two-fifth of ~ne .. fourth of a number is 4, what lis the sumot the two digits, of the number?

1)40

3)4 .

4)1

A number exc~ed~ its two-thirds by 40.

What is the number 1 -

r60

2)"110

3)120

4)180

, }

When 45 is subtracted from a two-digit

Qumber, it reduces, 10 its three-fourth. What is 20°/0 ofthe number?

1) 360

2)36

3)180

4)150

,A number when d,ivided by 5 i,s dim'inished by 40. What is the number?

1}60

2}80

3) 50

4) 120

If two-fifth of a number is 15 less than the

- - -

ariiginal number, What is the number?

1) 60

2)70

( KEY )

1) 3 2) 3 3) 4 4) 3 5) 4 6) 2 7) 2 8) 4 9) 2 10)3
1'1) ,3 12)2 13)3 14) 1 15) 3 16} 2 11/)4 18) 1 19) 1 20)1-
21) 2 22)2 23)2 24)2 25)2 26)3 27) 1 28)4 29)4 30)3
31}3 32)3 33)2 34)3 35)4 3)85

4)25

(EXERCISE - 2)

1.

By how much is 116 g,t 425 less than 114 of 356?

1}40

3) 16

4)120

2)~

2.

When ,24 is added to a number it increases

i

to its 1 4 times. What is the number?

2)98

3)96

4)120

.

If 'one .. f1fth of a number increased by 2 is 6,

then what is the number?

1) 75

2)25

3)30

4)20

A number is as much greater than 36 as is less than 84. What is the number?

1)120

2)60

4) 110

3}80

Two-.fifth of a number is 3 more than onefourth of the same number. What is the sum of the two digits 'of the number'?

1)20

2)2

4) 9

,3) 4

What is the number which when multitl] to, by 12 is increased by 132?

1) 11

2) 12

3) 16

4)15

. '"

The sum of two numbers Is 1104• their difference is 3~ WHat, is the l>ence of their squares ~

1,) 540 2) 3600 3) 5400 4) 4800

The difference of two numbers is 9 and their sum is 25. What is their product?

1) 126

2)136

4)168

3)144

What is the least, number which is a perfect square and contains 48 as a fact.or ?

1) 4800 2) 1448 3) 144

4)7200

A number when divided by 357 'eaves a .remainde.r 26. By dividing the same number by 17, the remainder obtained is

1)26

3)29

4)'9

2) 19

11. A number when divided by 176 leaves 21 as the remainder. What will be the remainder, . when the same number is divided by 16 ?

1) 18

2) 15

4)'21

12.

The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging its digitS is 27. What is the difference between the two digit's of the number?

1) 3

2)4

3) 1

4)2

13.

From 82 to 120, what is the sum of the numbers?

14.

1) 3940 2} 3939' 3) 7940 4) 3970

What is the sum of aU the odd numbers that Ue between 140 and 198?

$1

1 )'5901 ~ ~ ~907 3) 5302 4) 4001

a, , I

T~e ~w r&;,%,. . .. ~. consecutive numbers is

87. Whij~ S .iddfe number?

3)31 4)33

The su.m o't three censecunve numbers is ~27.Which j,s the larg,est of the three?

15.

1) 11

2) 18

4) 16

3) 10

17.

The sum of three consecutive numbers, is 36 mare than the middle number. What is the first of the three numbers?

1) 16

3) 19

4) 17

18.

The sum of'three consecutive even numbers

. I

is 132. What will be the lowest of all the

fhree numbers?

1) 46

3)40

4)42

2)44

19.

The least numbe.r that must be subtracted from 5809 to make it exactly divisible by 9 is

1) :3

2)4

3}2

4)1

20. If 3 * 6 is a three-digit number with· * as the missing digit. If the number is divisible by 6, the missing digit is

1)4

3)0

4) 1

2)7

21'.

28.

31.

22.

A di'gi't 'pi is placed after a three dig,it n:umber~ in which the middle digit is zero" the, digit, in100ls place is IKi and that ot units

place is !MI. What isthe resultant number?

1) , 000 K + 100 M' + P

2) 1000 K + 10 M + P

3) 100 K + M + P ,4)100 K + 10 M + P

Krishna was asked to find. the vaJue of 5/12 of a number, Instead of multiplying the

number by 5/12, he, divided it by 5/12 and thus his answer exceeds the, correct answer by 238. What is the correct answer?

1) '20 2) .50 3) 60 4) 180

What lis, the least value of k such that 4876 k is divisl'bre by 11 ?

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4

Inl a test there are 50 questions, A student gets 3 maeks for every correct answer and one mark is deducted for every incorrect answer. If a student attempted afl and g'ot 60% marks, how many questions did he attempt correct.ly?

1)30 2) 20 . 3) 35 4) 15 diilt

IUhe numbe.rs: 1I:i9, 248,416, 97,4", 517, 6112*\, 33. and 325 are arranged in dese . ling order ~ ."

based en the sum of the dig . cbt of

these numbers, the middle num Ih~e

. at!Upr t't~ 007)

-;rw

1) 248 2) 517 3) 6 * 4) 974

1 t~

~ tables and 3 c~aifS;~~ , s. 3,500 while 3

la.bl,es and 2 chairs cos{ Rs. ,4,000.. The cost

of a table (in rupees) Is (21007)

1) 500 2) 1000 3) 1200 4) 1500

From 1 to 100; how many numbers are divisible by 5 and also have 5, as a digit in

it? (2006)

23.

'lA, ;,JI"t.

26 ..

27.

1) 10

2) 11

3) 12

4)20

The number of integers between 200 and divisible by .2, 3 and 7 is (20

,2) 9

3) 11

.4) 10

29.

2/3 of members of a commiUeeare wome 1/4 of male members are married. If the are 9 unmarried male members in th committee~ how many members are the in the committee? (200

1)32

2) 36

3)28

4)42

30.

If djgit 'I' is. placed after a two-dig'it numb whose tens digit It I and units digit is ! P I

then the number is (20

1) lOt + # + 12) lOOt + I O~ + 1

3) lOOOt + 1 Op + 1 4) t + J1 + I

Th~ least nu~~er to be .multiPlied by 17640 so that the r'fiLII' is a perfect square?

M ~O~

1)10 4)15

If the number 114978 a 672! is divlisible b

11 ,;What is the value of 'a' ? (2005)

1 5 2} 7 .3) 9 4) 8

A number leaves 83 as the remainder whedivided by 123. What will be the remainder if the same numbee is divided by 41 ? (2;004

11) 2. 2) 7 3) 1 4) 0

lin a fraction, the numerator i.s B less ttl . the denominator. If 3 is added to th numerator, 'the fraction becomes 213, the

the fraction lis (2004)

1) 7/15 2)215

3) 3111 4) 7/16

35.

It costs Rs.·1000 to make fi'rst 1000 coples of a book and Rs., x to make eac subsequent copy. It is costed total Rs, 7230 to make 8000 copies then x = ? (2004)

11) 0.89 2') 0.92

3) 0,72 4) 0.80

( KEY J

1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 2 .5) 2 6) 1
H)3 12)1 13) 2 14) 4 15)2' 1,6)3
21)2 22)2 2.3)3 24) 3 25),2 26)2
31) 1 32)4 33)3 34) 1 35)1
-----~--~----- 7) 3 8) 2 9) :3 10)4
17)4 18)4 1.9) 2 20)3
27)2 28)4 2'9)2 30)~ ...

_-a,·'9 i! ''fa

. INTRODUCTION

Common Divisor: A number which exactly dlv,ides aU the given numbers is a "Common Divisorll of those numbers.. Thus 3 is a common divisor' of 24, 48, 63 and 81.

Greatest Common Divisor (G~O) ,: The g'l"eatest number that exactly divides ,all the :9iven numbers is "GCDllof those numbers. Thus. 6 is the GCD of 18,36 and 48.

EXAMPLES

Methpd o{factors to find GCD : The product of aU the p.rime factors common to all the gIven numbers is tbei.r GeD.

Ex : 1) F.ind the GeD of 40, 56 and 72

Sol ~ 40 = 2 )(2 x 2 x 5 56=2x2x2x7 72;2x2x2x3x3 GCD == 2. x 2 x 2 :::

Ex: 2) Find the GCD 0 Sol =

273= 13x2'1 == 13x7x3 455 ;;;: 13 X 35 ~ 13 x 7 x 5 :. GeD == 13 x 7 =.: 91

lJ1ethod of:Oivision to 1ind Gee ~

Oivi'de the larger number with the' smaller lumber, the divisor by the rema~nder. divide the earlier livisor by the remainder and so on till the remainder

; '0'. The last divisor is the, ilGCD~' of the two numbers.

. ,

- -- --- - - - - ~ - --- --- --~ ~ --- --

Ex : 3) Find the GeD of 72 and 120.

72) 120 (~ '72

48) 72 (1 48

24)48(2 48

o

Tal find a'CD 0

the GeD of: a . 'crs as G, and find the

• 1-

GC,D ~.fN1 and. .' & ir umber and so on, The

letst GeD QbtainJ:M~ the GeO 0' an the gi'ven

J »

n\tmbe~~

Find the GeO of 273, 325, and 403 ?

273) ,32.5 (1 273

52) 2.73 (5 260

13) 52(4 52

o

13 is the aeD of 273,325 13)403(31

403

o

:. 13 is the GeD of 273, ,325 and 403.

Ex : 5) What is the side of the largest possible squar'9 slab which can be paved on the floor of a room 5m,92 em long and 4m 8,1 em broad?

Sol : The side ot the largest possible slab ~ the highest number divides 592 em and 461 em exactly,

481)592 (1

481

111)481{4 444

37)111 (3 1 '11

o

:. 37 em 'is. the side of maximum possible square slab,

'Ex .: 6) What is the GCD of 0.36,4.,8,,0.72 and 2.4'1 Sol; Ensure the same numbar of decimal places in all the g~ven numbers i.e 0 .. 36, 4.80, 0.72 and 2.40. Find the GCb as if thley are fntegersl, ~

GCD of 36, 480, 72 and 240 is 12

Mark the decimal; in accord a \j.Withthe

number of decimal places in .

numbers

:. GC'D == 0.12 Ex : 7) Find ~he greatest " 116, 149 and 188to f 4, 5 and 10 respect1ively,

Sol : The greatest number required

. at wiU divide . the remainders

== GGD ot(116 - 4), (149- 5), (186 -10) = GCD of 112;, 144 and 176· H2=2x2x2x7x2

144 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3

176 ::: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x n

:. GCD =. 2 k 2 x 2 x 2 :::. '16

Ex : 8) What is the greatest number tha.t will d'ivide 168, 201 and 300 so as to I.eave the sam.e remainder in each ca,se ?

Sol: The greatest number that dtv·ides 1'68, and 300 to le,ave same remainder is GCD (201 -168), (300.-201) and (300-168)

= GCD of 33, 99 and 132

33~3x11

9,9=3x3x11

132 = 3 x 2 x 2 x 11

:. Required number e 3 X'11= 33

Common Multiple.: A number which is AV~i"fh divis,ible by all the given. numbers is nco mu'ltiplell• Thus the common multiple of 4,5, 8, is 120.

leas,! .Common Multip'le (teM.) : The lea

number whlc!h is ctly divisible by all

given numbers is

24 is -a-common muUi.ple of 3, 4 and 6.

. mon multiple of 3, 4 and 6.

But 1,2, is the least commo·n muitiplel(LCM) of 4 and 6.

to Find lCM of"G,iven numbers ::

Method I .. Method of factors: The product of hi·ghesf..power of an the factors that occur 'in givlen numbers is their LCM .

Ex : 9) Find the L.CM of 12, 15 and 40.

Sol: 12 = 2 x 2 x 3 = 22 X 3 15=3x5==3x5

40 == 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 = 23 X 5

Here, the prime: factors appear tn the . numbers are 2, 3, 5. Thei,r hi;ghest

art? 23, 3 and 5. .

:. LCM= 23 x 3 x'S:: 120

Method II : Write aU the~ given niJ,mbers in a D'ivide them by one o·f the prime numbers 2, 7, 11 etc. which divided atleast two given Write down the quotients and the other . numbers in a row below the first. Repeat process tm you get a row of numbers! which prime to each other

The, product of aU the divis,ors and the numbers in the last row is their lCM.

, Ex: 1,,0) What is the LCM of 24,,36, 64, 801

,At any level of this method, we may cancel any number, which is a factor of other number In I

I

the same m,w.

Sol: 2:12. 1B, 32, 40 :3 6, 9,16.20 2 2J 3, 16r 20 2 3, 8,10

3,4,5

LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 2 x :3 x 4 x 5 = 2880 Ex: 11) What is the LCM of 8,12,,15 and 18? Sol: 2 8 12 15, 18

2 4, _6,15, 9

3,2, 3,15,9

2, 5, a

LCM = 2 x 2 .X 3 x 2 x 5 x 3 = 360

Ex : 12) What Is the lCM of 0.12, 0.15,0.2 and 0.54?

Sol : Ensure the same number of decima.l pi In .all the given numbers, i ... 9. 0.1,2, 0.15, and 0.54"

Find the LCM as if they ar

Mark thee de number of numbers.

:. LCM = 5.40 ~ 5.4

Ex : 13) What is the least number that leaves 1 as the rema,inder in each case when divided by 4,5,6, 8and 10?

Sol : 4, 5,,6, 8, 10 (Negfecting 4 and 5 in the 9'roup} LCM == 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120

Required number that I,eaves 1 as remainder = 120 + 1= 121'

Ex : 14) find the leas! number that leaves 3a.s the

, remainder In each ease when divided by 8, 12' and 16 and leaves no remainde.r when divided by 7 ?

Sol: LCM of 8. 12~ 16 (Negl'ecting 8 in the, group)

I

2 12, 16

2 6, 8

3, 4

LCM ::;: 2x 2 x 3 x 4 =; 4,8

The number leaves 3 as the remainder

:;; 48 + 3 = 51

but it is not divisible by 7

Next number leaves 3 as the remainder

== (48 x 2) + 3= 99

it is also, not divisibl'e by 7

Next number Ileaves 3 as the remainder

d

15)~hat Is least number of fIve digits that ,

ij; exactly dlvls;ible by 4, 12 ana 15 ?

LCM of 4" 12 and 15 = 60

-

1ihe least number of five digits == 10000

But 110000 is not exactly divisible by 60. It leaves 40 as remamder

.'. tOOOO + 20 = 10020 is the least number of five digits, exactly divisible by 4, 12 and 15

Ex : 16) What lis the greatest number of 3 dIgits, when divided by each ,of 3~4, 5 and 6· leaves the remainder 2 in. each case?

Sol: LCM of 3" 4, 5 and ,6 = 60

The ,greatest number of 3 digits is 999. leaves 3'9 as remainder, when divided by 60~

The greatest number of 3 digits exactly divisible by 3, 4, 5 and 6 = 999 - 39 ::: 960

Required number = 960 + 2 = 962'

I NOTE : The product of two numbers is equal to the' product of their LCM and GCD.

i.e. If a, b are two numbers then

a x b;::; LCM (a, b) x GeD (a, b)

-~-~-~-~-~-~~-~--

_ . _ _ _ _ _ _ rr M:'1

Ex : 11) The LCM and GeD of two numbers are 2310 and 30 respective,ly. If one of the' numbers is 21 0'1 what Is the other number'?

Sol : 210 'X b = (leM x GCD)

210 x b :; 23101 x 30 :::::> b ;:330

Ex : '18,) What is the least number when divided by 5,7 and 13 'leaves 3, 5 and 11 as remainders respective'ly ?

Sol : Divisor: 5, '7" 13 Remainder 3. 5~ 11 'Difference = 2, 2~ 2

Aequtred number = (lCM ofr 5, 7 and '13) - 2 = 455 -,2 = 453

L.!cMofnumerator' LCM of ftacttcns = GCDof denomi,nator

GeDlof numerator' GCD of fractions;:::: LCMof .... .i!"IoI"" ... j·., ... i .... ~" ..... ..."

4 5 7

Ex: 19) What is the LCM. of 5' 6 an

Sol:

4 5 lCM of 5' 6 an'

::: 140 =140 1

Ex : 201) Find the GCDof

2 3 4 5! 10 and 15

Sol: GCDof

234 5' 10 and 15

GCDof2,3and 4 1

== LeM of5,IOand15 :: 30

Ex : 211) The sum til, bvo numbers is 130'and Gee is 2,6.. How many such pairs poss,ibl,e'? ~

Sol: Gijven 26 j,s tfie GCD ,o'lWo numbers .', the two numosrS, are of the form

2,6 a and ,26 b. 26';1 -t 26 b = 130

" » ,

,'>

The combinations (1)a::: 1, b :::: 4 and (2) a = 2. b = 3 are possible

:. Two such pairs can be formed~

(~RCISE -1]

Fi'nd the GCD 'of 2,4, 56 and 72.

2) 8 3)6

4)4

. d the 'Gee of 273, 455, and 546~

''''",- 2) 7 ' 3) ,911 4) 128

"'CD of 7,8 and 130.

3) 18

4)21

"26

5. What is the side 'of the largest PU~-~IIII sq'Ua'Jis piee'e that can be cut from, a ' of 4m., 48 em long and 3m, 64 eiIR broad

1) 28 em 2) 31. em 3) 37 em 4) 34

6. What Is the GGD of' 24, 481 72.

1) 22 2)24 3) 36

4. Find the OeD of 299, 325" 403 ..

1)18 2)16 3)13

------------'-'~- ........ -

•. • - - ,... .I~IC \:..;;;I

4)26

4)152

7.

Find the greatest number that will divide 116, 149 and 188, to leave, the remainders 4, 5 and 12 respectively

1) 12 3) 18

2) 14 4) 16

8.

What is the greate,sl number that will di,vide 169, 202 and 301 so as to leave the same remainder ln each case?

1) 37 ,3)33

2)35 4)38

9.

Find the LCM of 12, 15 and 20

1)120 3)60

2) 180 4)90

10.

What is tne LCM of 12, 18, 3,2, 40 ?

1) 1448 3) 1440

2)1420 4)1280

11. What is the LCM of 8, 12, 15 and 36 ?

1')380

2)360

12.

3) 370 4) 365 1\i

What is, the LCM ,of 0.15, 0.2 and 0.54 ? .iii

1) 5.2 2) 5til\ '~iJb

~t·t:! a~

3) 2.7 4) 4.8 ~ " I;jV

What is, the Ie "'

5, 6, 8 and 1,0 '

eaehease ?

13.

1)128 3)123

2)122' 4) 127

1) 726- 3)721

14. Find the least number when dlvlded by 12, t 6 and '20 I,eaves 1 as the remainder but when divided by 7, teave,s no remainde.r?

150. What js the least number 0" five digits that is exactly divisible by '12, 15 and 16 ?

1)10060 2)10078

3) 10080 4) 10040

116. What is the 9r~atest number of 3 di'gits, when divided by 4, 5, 6 and 10 leaves a remainder of 3, 2 and i Irespectively?

2)7.28 4)798

'1) 931 30)967

2)938 4,)'961'

17.

The LCM and Gel:) of two numbers ar,e 2310 and 30 resQecti'very. If the f.irst number Is 330, fi '~e seeend number?

, ,

!

2)210 4)2'80

,

What is t " e LCM of 4/5, 5/6 and 8/15 ?

1}60 2) 1/40

3)40 4) 1160

Flind the GC.O of 215, 3116 and 417

1) 11700 2) 117.20

3) 11360

4) 1/560

19.

20.

The sum of two numbers Is; 1'62 and their Gel) is 27. How many such pairs, are 1 possible?

11) 2 3) 1

2)3

4) None

( IKEY )

'1) 2 ,2) 3 3) 2 4) 3 5) 1
6) 2 7) 4 8) 3 9) 3 10) 3
11) 2 12) a 13)2 14) 3 15) 3
16)3 17)2 18) 3 19)4 20)2 1.

Find the least number that leav~ 2 as the remainder when diivided by 4. 5, 6, 8 and 101

1)'60 3)120

2)122 4) 121

2.

Find the Ileast number which. whe,n divtded by 56, 80, and 88 leaves 2 as the remainder in eaeh case ?

1)3960 3)7922

2)792,0 4) 6162

3.

Find the lea,st square number which 'is exactly divisible by 4'1 5,8 and 10'?

1)900 3)400

2)3600 4)1200

4.

Find 'the number between 600 arid 750 which 'is, exactly tI~vjsible by 12, 15 and 18 ?

1) 780' 3)720

,2)760 4)820

5.

Find the least number, which by 5 is divisible by 32,. 36 and

1) 1435 '1446

3)1445 7

Find the least numb n divided by 16,

20. 25 and, 45 leaves 2 as, the remainder in each case?

6.

2)7206 4}_3602

1)3603 3)7208

What is the least nllmber of 4 dl:gits when 'vided by 4, 5, t and 7 ',aves 2 as the -inder?

2)1262 4)1260

eate~,t number of 'i,ve digits, ., by 16,18 and 20-1

2)99900

4)99980

j r

'/

---

9. Four bens ring at int'ervalsofl0, 12, 15anid

. 20 minutes respectively~ They j"ing together at 6 A.M. At what time will they again ring together'?

1) 6,,30 A .. M. 3) 7.00 A.M.

2) 7.20 A.M. 4) 8.00 A.M.

10.

Find the least number of poles, such that they can be arranged ln rows of 6, 12, 116, 18 and 2:4 exactly?

1) 72 3)96

2)28B 4}144

of 36, 72 and 96 ? 2) 12

4) '16

11.

1)24- ~a,

What 1$lhe 'GCD of 715 and 1001 ?

'!)

~:..t

1I--· '7 2) 143

3)286 ' 4)196

Find the greatest n~mlmr that will divide 11 a. 1,4'9 and 180 to leave the remalinders 6, 5 and 4 respectively?

13.

1)32 3) 19

2)48 4)16

14 ..

Find the maximum number of girls among whom 50,7 pencilS and 74~ books can distributed equaUy ?

1) 13 3)78

2:)39 4) 117

15.

What is the greatest possible length of a scale, that can be used to measureexacl'ly three blocks '0" wood of I:engths 240 e 336 cm and 432 em ?

1) 12 em 3) 48 em

'2) 96cm 4) 24 em

-,oiiiiiiiiiIiIo ~_·~ - ~ ~_-....~ __ ~~~ ............... ---- _

__ _ _ ~_ (nl)

Three numbers are In the rat,io 13 :, 20 : 27. The GCD of these numbers is 21. What fs the smallest number of the threa ?

1)273 8)271

2)272 4)270

17'.

The GCD of tw9 numbers is 36 and theft product Is 15552. What Is their lCM '1

1)108 2)216

3)364 4)432

What ts the least number that leaves 2 as the remainder when divided by 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 ? (2007)

18.

1) 46 3)50

2)148 4)62

19.

What is the' least positive square number exactly divisible by 12, 15,20 and 24 ?

(2007)

1)3600 3)6400

2)4900 4)8100

The I.'ast number of five di'gitsexact.ly divisible by 456 is

1) 10000 2) 10012

3)10032 The GeD and lCM af two nu and 384 res,pectively. If 'the Ii divided by 2, the .... _rng second number is 0

20.

·s • The • {2007)

1) 192 3)384

22.

The LCM and GCD of two numbers are 240 and 16 respectively. If the two numbers are In the ratio ,3 : 5, the numbers are

(2007)

1) 24,40 3)36,60

2)21,35 4)80,.48

23.

The GCD and LCM of two numuers are 66 and 384. If one, of the numbers divided by 2 gives the result as 192, what Is the second number? (2006)

1)66 3)33

2) 196 4) 192

24.

The greatest possible length of a scale which can be used to measure exactly the length

1 m 20 em" sm, 5 ern and 1,11'1'65 em is

(2006)

2) 25 em 4) 15 em

1) 35 em 3)'5 em

Thd ' C.M. and G.C.D. ot two numbers are ~8nd 12. If one of the numbers is 72, what ls the second number? (2004,2003)

1)7'2 3) 168

2)96 4)84

KEY'
1) 2 2) 4 3) 3 4) :3 .5) IIr
6} 4 7) 2 8) 2 9) 3 10) 4
11)2 12) 2 13) 4 14)2 15)3
16) 1 17)4 18)3 19) 1 20)3
21) 1 22)4 23)1 24)4 25)4 TIME AND D'IS,TANCE

--- .

FORMULAE

Distance 1) Speed = T" -, lme

2} :Oistance = Speed x'Ilme

Distance 3)Tlime :;:

Speed

5

4)lal kml hr= ax 18 ml sec

18

5) 'a' m I sec = a x 5 kmph.

--

EXAMPLES

- Ex : 1) The speed 'of a bus Js :25 ,m/sec," What is ~peed in kmph ?

Ex:,2)

18

Sol: 25 m/sec = 25 xs, ' := 90 kmp

Sol:

Dis tan ce 324

Tlme e Speed - - 108. == 3 hrs.

lEx: 3) A car covers half of the j,Qurney at 30 kmph and the remaining distance at 10 kmph. What is the average speed of the ear for the whole journey?

Sol : Since the distance covered by speeds 30 kmph and 10 kmph are equal,

2x30xlO .

average speed = 30 + to == 15 kmph

SHORT CUT METHOD

Average Speed : If a body covers certain distance at 'a' kmph and an equal distance at 'b' kmph, then the average speed lor the whole journey is

Ex : 4) Ramya takes 6 flours in walking to.a _ place and riding back. However shewou have gained 2 hours had she rided .

- i

the ways. long would she take to

bolhth,w ?

Sol : let 'w hrs, ~. . !\U5 .. be the times taken walking and rIding '{he distances

W + R == 6 hrs (1)

ar'lct2R == 6 - 2 =;. 4 hrs => 19 = 2 hrs Using in (1) W + 2:: 6 ~ W::::; 4 hrs

:. Time taken by Ramy.a. to walk both ways. == 4 + 4 = 8 hrs,

Ex: 5)

Soil:

The speed of a car including stoppages 60 kmph. and without stoppages Uis kmph. How many minutes per hour the car stop?

Let the car stop for 't' mins, in 1 hour Distance;::; 72[60 - t] ;::; 60(60)

Ex: 6)

72t = 12)( 60 t=10min

.'. The car stops for 10·min. in one hour

A bus travels a distance ot 4100 km. ~n 1 hours, partly al-40 krnph, and partly at kmlph. - f'i,nd the dtstanee travelled at kmph?

Let the distance nave lied at 30 km ph be x' krn.

Then the bus, travelled (400 - .x:) km. at kmph

Sol:

(400-x) x

Total time ~ 40 + 30 = 12 hrs.

. 3(4.00- x) + 4x ~ 12

~ 120

~ x::::240 km

Ex : 7) A and B start together to ride a certain distance at speeds 30 .kmph. and .20 kmph. Find the distance they ride, if one takes 10 minutes Jonger than the other?

Sol: let x km. is the distance travelled by them Given, the difference between times taken

1

by them is 10 min. = 6 ~r

x x 1

~--=.....__

W 30 6

x 1

-_-

60 6

8.

Sol ~

2D !.D

Time:; L_+_3_=10 hrs, 40 20

D D ~+-=10

60 60

D

::::> _. = 10

30

:. D = 300 km

If S1 and 52 are the speeds of two bodies, then their relative speed (apparent speed)

== 91 + 52' if they are moving in opposite direction

x s )

2

The relative speed = S1 - 82, if they are moving in the same direction

-7 52

-~S,

, Ex : 9) The speeds of two buses started from A and B at the same time towards each other are 40 and 30 kmph. respectively. The distance between A aJld B is 280 km. At what dista. ", from A will the two buses

Sol: I

B

30 kmph Their relative speed e 40 + 30 ;; 70 kmph

Time = Dis tan ce ;;:;;; 27' .. 80.° = 4 hrs.

Speed

They meet atter 4 hours, at a distance

== 40 x 4= 160 km from 'A'

Ex : 10) The distance between two cities X and V ls 430 km. A bus starts from X to V at 6 a.m .. at 40 kmph. and another bus starts from V for X at 10 a.m. at 50 kmph. When will they meet?

Sol : . Bus from City X starts at 6 a. m. and the other

bus from city Y starts at 10 a.m,

-

In these 4 hrs. the first bus covers

== 4 x 40 = 160 km

L-~-:=~=· ~--~~=-~--~~~~~---_--~~--_jl--~----------------------------~'--

As at 10 a.m. :

The distance between the buses

,

:= 430 ~ 160:: 270 km

Relative spesd « 40 + SO ;;:: '90 krnph

(oppositE! direction)

Time

=

Distance Speed

270

= 90 = 3 hrs.

:. They take ,3 hours from 10 a.rn, i.e. will meet at 1 p.rn,

EXERCISE ·1

1.

The speed of a train is 45 kmph. What is its speed In m I sec?

1) 1 G m I seo 2.) 12 m ! sec

3) 14.5 m J sec 4) 12.5 m I sec

The speed of a bus is 40 m/sec. What is It,s speed in kmph ?

1 )12 kmph 2) 144 kmph

2.

3) 196kmph

4) 135kmph

3.

In how many hrs. a bus, covers 450 kill @ v ... '1,,,·a'lJlO. mlsee?

1) 3 hrs,

3) 4 hrs, A bus takes 45 min. er a distance of 60 km. In how many minutes it covers the same distance If the speed Is reduced by 20 kmph?

1) 1 hr. 2) 2 hrs, 3) 3 hrs. 4) 4 hrs,

5. A car oovers half at a journey at 40 kmph and the remaining distance at 10 kmph .. What iathe average spe~dof the car for the whole joumey 7

'1) 1.2 kmph 2) 16 kmph

3) 1,8 kmph 4) 24 krnph

4.

I 6. Ravi goes to city Y from city X at 20 kl1\ph and returns the same distance at 60 'kmph .. It he takes 3 hrs. in aU,. what is the distance between X and Y ?

7.

A car travels first 450 km. at 90 kmph. the remaining 750 km. at 50 kmph~ What the ave'rage speed of 'the car for the journey?'

1)201km ~ 3)60 kmph

2) 40kmph )80kmph

B.

m,esh coveA!d on~tourth of a journe,y 30 ",h, one-third otthe joumey alSO' &net . e remainingl at 62.5 kmph.. What bW4:verage sp.eed for the whole joumey

] 2)4613 kmph

1)41.5 krnph

3)46 krnph

2 4)4613 kmph

lavanya lakes 6 hours In walklng to a place and riding back. However she have gained 2 hours jf she had rided the ways. How Eong would she take to both the ways?

1) 16 hrs. 2) 12 nrs, 3) 10 Mrs. 4) 8 hrs.

10. The. speed of a ear Includl,ng stoppages 36 kmph. and wlthoutstoppag,es It is kmph. How many minutes per hour did car stop ?

1) 12 min. 2) 15 min. 3) 16 min.' 4) 20

'9.

11 . Walkin,g at en o' his usual speed, a reaches his school 4 min. late. What is usual time taken by the boy to reach same, dtsUI.nce ?

1) 40 min. 2) 48 min. 3) 30 rnln,

12. A bus travels a distance of 300 km. in 6 hrs. partly at 40 kmph. and partly at 35, kmph. Find the distance travel.led at 3S kmph ?

1) 160 km 2) 120 km 3) 140 km 4) 180 km

13. Ravi and RaJustari together to ride a certain distance with speeds 18kmph. and 15 kmph. Find the distance the:y ride, lf one of them took 20, minutes long.er than the ather?

1) 30 km. 2) 60 krn. 3) 90 km. 4) 120 km,

14. A bus reaches its destination 1 0 min. early when It drives at 25 kmph. and 5 mln. late, if it drives at 2,0 kmph. What is the distance travelled by the bus?

1 ) 20 km 2} 25 km 3)30 km 4) 35 krn

15. Rajesh covers two-third 'of his journey at 40 kmph. and the remaining distance at 20 kmph. Jf he takes 16 hours In alii' what is the total journey in kms. ?

1) 480 km 2) 340 km 3) 400 km 4) 440 km

16. The speeds of two buses which started from two towns A and B at the sam.e time tQwards; each other are 66 and 42 kmp'h. respectively~ The distance b,tween A and B is 54'0 km. At what distance from A wUl the two bu

- ~

meet?

1) 270 krn, 3) 3·20k'm.

, '.~ •• 1 - - - _ -,

18.

KEY )

1) 4 2) 2 3) .2 4) 1 5) 2
6) 1 . 7) 3 8) 4 9) 4 10)2
11) 4 '12) 2 13) 1 14)2 15) 1
16) 4 17),2 18)4 .19) 2 20)3 20.

17.

The distance between cities P a"d Q is 340 km. A bus starts from P tor Q at 6 a.m. at 49 kmph, and another bus starts from Q for P at 10 a.m. at 50, kmph. When will they meet?

1) 4 P.M. 2) 12.'0 clock

3) 3 P.M. 4) 5 P.M

Two cars start from A towards B, one at 8 a.m. at 15 kmph. and the other at 10 a.m, at 27 kmph. At what time will they meet?

1) 12.90 noon 2}11 AO A.M.

3) 11.30A.M. 4) 12.30 P.M.

The speeds of a Ciar and a bus are iln the ratio 3: 4. If the bus eovers a certain distance in 24 minutes, how many minutes wiu it take tor the car to cover the same dIstance?

19.

1) 18 2) 32 3) 1,6 4) 14

A J,ldf I dl t . 30

car £0rtfJ's a certa n . IS anee m '.,

minu~~" ", many mfnutes, win It cover

the same: ' ""if its speed increases by

20% ?

2)28

3) 25

4)20

~ .

7.

B.

9.

EXERCISE - 2

A car covers a distance of 540 km. is 30 hr •. What is its speed in mps. ?

1) 10 2) 5 3) 15 4)20

A bicycle covers 30 m in 24 sec. What is Its speed in kmph ?

1) 9 2) 4 3) 4.5 4) 116

A car covers a distance 01120 km. at,50 mps.

in .., hrs.

2)2,

3) 1

4)5

A bus cove,s a dlsta,nce In 45 min., if I,t turns at a speed of 60 kmph. The speed at whleb 'the, bust must run to make the time oil

journey 1,0' SO min. is km,ph. ?

1) 60 2) 120 3) 90 4} 65

A car takes 75 min. to cover a distance of SO km. 'in how many minutes can 'it. cover the same distance 11 the speed is reduced by 4 kmph?

1) 45 2) 50 3) 60 4) 80

A car travelled from Ato B at 60 kmph. and returns fhe same distance at 40 kmph. What, is 'the average speed of the carfor~e whole journey?

1),24Ikmph

3) 36 kmph 4) 5 - ph

A car covers half ot ... • ey' at 18 kmph. and the r'est at 12 knlph., It 'it takes 5 hrs, in aU, what is the total length of the Journey in km?

1) 36

4)144

2)72

3)18

Raju goes to city A from city S, at 30 Ikmph and returns to B from A at 20 kmph. If be takes 10 hours In alii 'What is fhe, distance between the two cities, A and B ?

1) 240 km 2) 100 krn

3.) 120km 4) 60 km

Karimi takes 8 hrs. in walking to a certain place and riding back. However he woul.d have gained 3 hrs. had he rided both the ways. How long would he take inwalki.ng both the ways?

1) 6 hrs. 2) 8 hrs. 3) 9 hrs. 4) 1-1 hrs.

10. ' The average speed 'of a car is 45kmp without stoppages and with stoppages it· 36 Ikmph. How many minutes per hour d the car stop 1

1) 1Q min. 2} 15 min.

3) 30 min, 4) 12 min.

11. The speed of a vehicle Is 50 kmph excludi the stoppages and it is 45 kmph. includi the stoppages. How many mlinutes per' ho did the vehicle stop '1

1) 10 min. 2)12 min.

3) 6 min. 4) 8 m'n.

"'~

12. Walking at 4/5)O'f his u8uals1peed Ram

reaches his office 12 mlnu.tes late. What the usual time taken by him to cov'er same distance ?

1) 40 min. 2) 36 min.

3) 45 min. 4) 48 min.

13. .:r.o cars start at the- same time from A B towards each ottl~r~ The speeds of are, 64kmph. and 46 kmph. 'By the time two cars meet,one car had covered 90 more than the other. What Is the dista 'between A and B ?

1) 400 km. ,2) 550 km. 3) 120 km. 4) ,250

14. G,opal covers one-third of hi,s lau.m,ey '20 kmph. and the rest at ,40 kmph. If he 1,2, hours in all, what Is the total journe km?

'1) 24Q km 2) 360 km 3) 400 km, 4) 250

15. The distance between A an.d S, is 360 Two buses started from A end B at the time towards each oth.rwith the s 34 kmph. and 28 kmph. respectively. ,At distance from 'AI will the two buses m

1)146km 2}204km 3) 170km 4)200

16. The distance bS'l:Ween A anrd B is 305 A, train start.s from A towards B at 20 at 6 a.m, Another train starts from B t at 25 kmph at 10 a.m, When will they

1) 2 p.m, 2) 3 p.rn, 3) 6 p.m, 4) 4 p.

17.

25.,

A bus travelled a distance of 300 km, in 8 hrs. partly at 60 kmph and the remaining at 24 kmph. Find the time It travelled at ,24 kmph?

1} 6 hrs, 2) 5 hrs.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

Two cars start from A towards B; one at 5 a.m, at the rate of 27 kmph. Another car starts at' 8 a.m, at 36 krnph, At what time will the two' cars meet?

1) 2 p.m. 2) 6 p.m. 3) 4 p.rn. 4) 5 p.m.

A car reaches its destination 18 min. late when it drives at 40 kmph and 24 min. late, when it drives at 30 kmph. What is the distance between the two stations?

1) 6 km. 2) 12 ~m. 3) 4 km. 406 krn,

David walks from his house at 4 kmpn, and reaches his school 6 mi~. early. The next day he deer,eases his speed to 3 kmph. and reaches late by 9 min. Ho,wfar is the schoo,1 from the house?

1 ) 2 km 2), 3 km 3) 4 km 4) 6 km

Ravi rides by B cycle at 8 kmph. After every 10 km. he takes rest for 20 minutes. How long does It take to cover 40 km. by him?

1} 5 hrs. 2) 5 hrs, 20 min.

3) 6 hrs, 4) ,6 hrs. 20 min.

,Rakesh goes 10 his office at 3 kmph. and returns at the rate of 2 kmph. If he takes 30 min. in all, then the distance of office from home is

1) 1.2 ~m. 2) 0.4 km. 3) 0 .. 72 km .4) ~.6 ~flt\" Two bicycle, riders ,cover aeertam drstan~h a1 the rate of 32 kmph. and 30 kmph. _ On_11'; rider takes 16 min. more tha.,lfi~ other. Whatqtt Is, the distance they ride? "~l:b

1) 120 ikrn 2) 1284m1~S) 160 kiiiJ Mohan travels,,,1rthe ~iJll! of 30"kmph. and reaches a p~alc. . rniri~fit'te. If he tr~vels ,8,t the rate of 40 km .,faches 15 min. eariy. The distance traveJled by him is.

1) 20 km. 2) 30 krn, 3) 60 km. 4) 90 km. If the car travels a distance of 480 km. In 12 hrs., partly at a speed of60 kmph. and partly at 30 kmph, find the distance travelled a,t 60 kmph?

1) 240 km 2)180 km 3) 200' km 4) 160 km

(
1) 2 2) :3 3) 1! 4) 3 5) 4
11)3 12)4 13)2 14).2 15)3
21)4 .22)2 23}3 24) 1 25)2 6)2 16) 2 ,26)2

3) 3 hrs. 30 min.

4) 2" hrs.

26.

Pranav has to travel 84 km. djstance in 1 hr. 20 minutes. He travels 60 km. distance at 90 kmph. A,t what speed (in kmph) has he, to cover the remaining distance to complete the journe.y in the stipulated duration?

1) 30 kmph 3)45 kmph

2) 36 krnph 4)40 kmph

27.

The speed of a jeep and a car 8,re in the ratio 4 :' 7. rt the ear covers a certain distance in 5,6 min, in how many minutes the jeep covers the same distance?

•

1) 32 ;gt98 '3) 16 ,4)49

~ {'it

A car )1~!tt8 a.m. wllth 65 krnph. and

,anothetiit;f8~~ it at S a.m. with 10 kmph speed. Ttlen the two car. will meet i'n the

*'

eveming at (2006)

28.

1)4

3)8

2)6

4)10

29.

A Is twice as fast as Band B Is thrice as fast as C. Distance covered by C in 1 hr. will be covered by A In how many minutes? (2.005)

1)10 2)5 3)1/6 4)30

A person travels 120km by ship,450 km by train and 60 km, by horsa. The total time of ' Journey is 9 hours. The speed of the train is

, I

3 times that of horse and 1 2 times that of

shl,p. What is the speed of the train ?

(in kmph) (2004)

1) 30 2) 60 3) 90 4} 120

30.

)
7) 2 8) 3 9) 4 10) 4
17)4 18) 2 19) 2 20) 3
27) 1 28)4 29)1 30)3 (TRAINS)

REMARK

In case a train passes a tree (or) a telegraph pole (or) falg staff (or) a stationary man:

the distance = the length of the train.

EXAMPLES

: 1) How many seconds will a train of 1 DO metres long running at the rate of 36 Kmph take to pass a telegraph pole?

Speed~ 36 kmph = 36x I~ ",10m/sec

. _ Distance = 100 == 10

TIme - Speed 10 sec

REMARK

In case a train crosses a PJattOl bridge (or) a river (or) a tun

Distance = [Le'fl!g,I[r~/o

+ [Length of river· ••. .]

Sol:

m.any sec~ond!f~iI metres ton9 running at 48 kmph take to Ci"OSS a platfonn of' 160 metres length?

5 40

Speed = 48x-= -- m/s 18 3

Distance = 120 + 160 = 280 m

Dis tan ce := 280 == 280 x3 Time:; Speed 40 40

3,

~ 21sec

Ex : ,3) A train is running at 63 kmph. In how seconds will it cross a man running opposite direction at 9 kmph, if the of the train is 200 m ?

Sol: - Relative speed of train. and man

=.8, + 52 =63+9

5

= 1.2 krnph » 72x 18 = 2.0 m I sec

Distance = ~~g,th of the train only:: 200 [Since thelEmgtp of man is ne.gligibJe J

DIS tan ce 200

Time = =-=10 sec

Speed 20

A.train takes 18 sec. to, cross a running in the same direction at 12 If the speed of ths tratn is 92 kmph, is the lengt'h of the train ? ~

Sol, : Relative speed of train and man = 92- 1

5 200

= 80 x- = - m/sec 18 9

Length of the train

= Di$tance = Speed x 200 =-x18=

9

Ex : 5) Two trains cross each other' in 25 sec, they are running in opposite direction. speeds of two trs'lna are 42 kmph 30 kmph respectJvely. If the length first tral," Is ,280 m, what is the Aftft_ ~e second train?

5

= 72x- = 20 m/sec 18

Tlrne = 25 sec

The distance 500 m js the total Jength of the two trains

280 + ~ = 500

.: The length of second train = 220 m

Ex : 6) Two trains of 480 m and 520 m long 'are running In the same direction. They cross each other in 180 sec, If the speed of the slower train is 48 kmph, what is the speed of the fasier train?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

EXERCISE - 1 >

.f~::-

"trw; ""

I ' ~'&

,,~ ",it) ..

$$!-~ 1i'l4 "f'*" •

Two tral F Bnn10g$c on parailel Imes are

190 m and 1;tO m. long. Theirspeecls are 28 kmph arid 25 kmph. In how many ml~s wUI they cross eaeh other, if they are moving in the same direction ?

11) 4 min. 2) 6 min. 3) 8 min. 4) 10 min.

So: Distance = 480 + 520 = 1000 m Time = 180 sec

.', (Relative) Speed

Dis tan ce 1000

.: ----:: ---- m/s

Time 180

100 18

= -X'- = 20 kmph l8 :;

5, - S:2 = 20 81 = 20 + 48

:;:; 68 kmph is the speed of the faster train

How many seconds will a train 400 metres Long runn Ing at the rate of 48 kmph taka to pass a telegraph pole?

1) 18 sec. 2) 15 sec. 3) 10 sec. 4) 8 sec. A train takes 18 sec. to cross a man running In the same direction at 12 kmph. If the speed of the train Is 92- km,ph, what Is its length?

1) 400 m 2) 440 rn 3) 500 m 4) 480 m

6.

1) 25 sec" 2)-' 30 sec. 3) 40 sec. 4) 48 saGt!, ~ ~fti\

How many seconds witJ a train 220 ~ long ~-" ti runn,i,ng at 72 kmph lak,s to cra_. a platform { in

,~~*} f:;o 7

of 180 metres length? • e$ , ' .

f' ~~, ,.t

t;fi~nt) 1) 15 sec. 2) 18 sec/a) zo sec. *~~~~c.

":" 'II ~T

A train of 200 m.~s itj1ridge In 25 sec. If the speed of the traJnjj;$'4 kmph, what is the length of the brldgEf"~

1) JOB km.2) 110 km.3)165 km. 4) 175 km. A train Is r,unnln'g at 60 kmph. In how many aecends will It cross a man running In opposite direction at) 2 kmph, if the length

of the t,raln 18 200 m ?

Two trains cross each other In,25 sec, When they are running in opposite direction. The speeds of two trains are 42 kmph and 30 kmph. respectively. If the length of the first train is 280 m, what Is the length of the second train?

1) 180 m 2) 360 m 3) 240 m

4)22,0 rn

8.

Two trains ot 440 m. and 560 m long are runnrng in the same direction. They cross each other In 180 sec. It the s,peed of the slower train is 48 kmph, what is the speed Dr the fater train '?

1) 48 kmph. 3)72 kmph

2) 68 kmph 4) 92 krrjrh

9.

,A train crosses a bridge 140 m long in 15 sec. and another bridge of 200 m. length in '18 sec. What is the length of the train?

1) 1160m 2) 140m 3)200m 4) 120m

10.

11.

Two trains are moving in the same directlon at 60' kmph and 3'6 kmph 'respectlvely. The faster trainCITosses a man in the slower train in 24 sec. What is the length of the faster train?

t) 120 m 2) 140 m 3) 160 m 4) 18Q m

A train of 200 m. length passes a tree in 10 sec. and It crosses another train of double the length travelling in opposite direction. in 12 sec. What is the speed of the second train "1

1} 96 kmph 3) 108 kmph

2) 109kmph 4) 15 kmph

12. Two trains cross each other in 16 sec, If they mave in op'poslte direet'ion and in 36 sec; if they mo,ve In the same direction. What is the ratio between the speed of the faster train to that of the slower one?

1)11:02)13:53)14:9 4)9:7

(

1) 2 2) :3 3) 4 4) 3

9) 1 10) 3 11) 3

1.

13.

14.

A train running a,t, 108 kmph" crosses a man standing on a platform In 40 sec. What is its length?

1) 1600m 2) 1400m 3) 1100m 4) 1.200m Two trains of lengths 420 m and 280 mare moving in opposite direction with speeds '132 and 120 kmph. In how many seconds will they eress each other?

1) 1,2 . 2)30

3)20

4) 10

15.

A train of 1400 m crosses a tree in 120 sec. In how many seconds will it cross a bridge of 700 m length?

1} 160 2) 180 3) 200 4) 60.

6) 2 7) 4 8) 2

14)4 15) 2

3)20

4) 10

2. The length of 8 train is 2,70 m. In how many seconds It crosses a bridge of 100 m, if its speed Is 3'6 kmph. ?

1)37 2)34 3)24 4)40

3. .A train of 180 m. length crosses a platform In 20 sec. If the speed of the train Is 54 kmph, what is, the length of the platform?

1)100m 2)120m 3)10Bm 4)150m

4. A train of 240 m crosses a plaHorm in 12 sec. If the .'peed of the train Is 108 kmph, what Is the length of the platform, ?

1) 100 m. 2) 140 m. 3) 110 m. 4) 120 m.

__ ~ ,_~~_'-~ F ..-_._~_-~~-'-

-~----~.-_~I···""_'_' ...... ~I"!:--~ ... o.h ..... ·u Knwl _dae..; I K ~

5.

A man is running at the speed -4 kmph. train runs at 52 kmph. If the length of train is 200 m, 'haw long does it take for traln to lovertake the man ?

6.

1) 1 0 sec 2) 15 sec 3) 18 sec A train running at a speed of 50 crosses a man running In opposite rti ...... , ... tUloi @ 5 mps 'in 10 sec. What Is the length of' train?

1)500m. 2) 250 m. 3)550m. A trai,n takes 8 S'8C. to pass over a running in o'pposite direction at 9 kmph. the speed atthe trai,n is 54 kmph what Is length of the train {In meters) ?

1) 120 2) 140 3).200 4) 180

7.

16.

8. A train crosses a bridge of 180 m. In 36 sec. and it crosses a telegraph pole in 24 sec. What Is the length of the train ?

1) 120 m 2) 240 m 3) 360 m 4) 480 m

9. A train passes through a tunnel of 50 m. In 30 sec. and It crosses a platform of 180 m in 45 sec .. What Is the length of the train?

1) 180 m 2) 90 m 3) 210m 4) 140 m

10. Two trains of lengths 120 m and 180 m are running, on parallel lines in the same . direction. n their speeds are 30 kmph and 35 kmph respectively how long do they take to cross each other?

1) 200 sec, 3)16 sec.

2) 196 sec. 4) 216 sec,

11.

Two trains of 270 m. and 150 m. lengths are running In the opposit~ directions. The speeds of the two trains are 40 kmph and 32 kmph" How fong do they take to cross each other?

1) 42 sec. 3) 2.0 sec,

2) 10.5 sec. 4) 21 sec.

12.

Two trains are running on parallel lines opposite direction alSO kmph a,r}d 22 kmph .

respectively. They take 15 sec,~ each other. It the length of a train is ~ .• ~~ ';,s!!~e other, what 18 the le~ Of the srm,l, tt1ra1n?

'~ t::: p

1) 200 m 2) 100 m:! 3) 1~ fT1 4) 220 m

VI., <p?

Two trajns ,,'Y60 m.M1140 m are running

in the same direction. They cross each other in 180 sec. If the speed of the slower train is 18 kmph, then what is the speed Df the faster train ?

13.

1)48 kmph 3}46 kmph

2)38 kmph 4) 40kmph

14. Two trains are moving In opposite direction on paral'lellln" al 38 kmph and 34 km,ph. The faster train crosses a man in the slower train in 20 sec. What Is the length of the faster train?

1)600m 2)40Qm 3)250m 4)320m

15.

A train of length 150 metres takes 10 seconds to pass over another train of 100 metres long coming from the opposite direction. If the speed of the first train be 30 kmph., the speed of the, second train is

1) 54 kmph 3) 72 kmph

2} 60 kmph 4) 36 kmph

Two trains 450 m and 400 m long are going in the same direclion at 15 km and 20 km per hour respectively. H·ow long would it take for them to pass each other?

1) 10 minutes

2) 10 minutes and 12 sec.

3) 12 minutes

4) 12 m in utes at){j 10 sec f&t,

17. How map,K" "Xc'1ds will a train 1 00 m long running al ~ .'~20 km per hour take to

"t pass a cert~telegraph post?

d% 'iU~~. .

l!l"c 1) 20sec ·-2) 12 sec 3) 18 sec 4} 10 sec

tJ

18.~ At the rate, of 35 m I sec a train crosses a

platfo.rm of 600 mts. length In 30 seeonde, What Is the length of the train in metres ?

1)400

2)200

4)450

3)250

19. A train of 120 m length f. running at 62 km per hour. In what time will it cross a man moving in the same direction at the rateot S.kmph'?

1)858C. 2)10S90.3)125ec. 4)1488C

.20. A passenger train running at a speed of 90 kmph leaves the station 6 hours after a goods train reaves and overtakes the goods train In 4 hours. The speed of the goods train is

1),36 kmph 3) 40 kmph

2) 38 kmph 4) 34kmph

21.

A train 420 m long passed a pore in 42 seconds. How long wll'l It take to pass a platt,orm of 180 m length?

1) 18sec 2) 1 min. 3) 100 sec .. 4) 150S8C.

23.

24. A train running at 36 mps passes a man walking in opposite dl'rection @ 4 mps 10 sec. What is the length of the train? (2003)

1) 400 m 2) 480 III 3) seo m 4) 460-m

A train of 1200 m length running at 46 crosses another train of 800 m running opposite direction in 72 see, What is s~d of the second train In kmph? (2001

1) 100 2) 54 3) 48 4) 72

A train takes 8 sees to pass a person standing on the platform. If the speed of the traIn is 36 Kmph Its length In meters Is (2007)

1)80 2)90 ,3)110 4)11,5

A traln of 300 m, crosses a platform of 900 m in 1 min. 12 sec. What is the speed of the train" in kmph ? (2004)

25.

1)45

2)50

4)60

( KEY )

1) 2 2) 1 3')2 4)4 5)2
6) 3 7) 2 8) 3, 9) 3 10)4
11)4 12)2 13)2 14)2 15)2
16)3 17)3 18)4 19) 2Q) 1
21)2 22)1 STREAMS

INTRODUCTION

If 'a' kmph is the speed Qf a boat or a man ln stiU water and if Ib' kmph is the speed ol'the'current, then the speed of the man or boat.

i) Along the current (with the current or down the current) ::: (a -t b) kmph

ii) Against the<current (up"the current) :: (a - b) kmph.

I

EXAMPLES

Ex : 1) A boat can row upstream at 6kmp,h and down the stream at 12 kmph. What is"the speed of llie boat. in son water 7

Sol: a ~ b = 6 kmph a + b::: 1:2 kmph

:. a = 9 kmph

Ex : 2) A man can row at 8 kmph in still wate: a stream whh:h ;s flowingal 4 kmph,

takes him 2 hours 10 ro'Wt p.lace an:

row back. How far is the' ").

Sol: Let D km is t polnts

D D ~~+. '., =2 hrs

(a+b) (a-b) .

.. '. The distlnation is 6 kmfrorn the initial point

Ex :3) A boat can row 24 km down the stream in 4 hours. If the speed of flow Is 2 kmph, flind the time requ ired for the boat to travel the same distance: against the current ?

, Sol: Speed af the boat down the stream

a +0 ::: 6 kmph .and b == -2kmph :. a.=4kmph

Time taken by the boat to navel same distance i.e, 24 km

Distance 24

. against the stream =:; .~-~~-

Speed a=b

Ex: ·4)

24

::: - ... -.- == 12 hours

4-·2

The speed of a boat In stili water' is 8kmph and the speed of the flow l's2 kmph. The boat travels from A to B dewn the stream and returhe same distance in 2: hours.

What is lstenee between A and( B ?

Spe,'fat down the flow

:::: B + . 'l1~

and spe~of the boat up the flow = 8 - 2. =6 kmph Let 'Xi Ikm is the distance between A and B

Sol:

x x

Given 10 + 6 :=:2 hrs,

8x . ,

:::;> _- :::::: 2 => x == 7.5 km

30 ~"II

Ex : 5) A boa.t rows between two places down the stream ill1l 2 hrs. and returns the same distance in 3 hrs. If the speed of the flow is 2 kmpl1. What Is the speed of the boat lri still water?

Sol:

SHORT CUT METHOD

Distance between 'two places is same in both the cases

~ speed x time is same in both the cases . (a + b}2 == (8. - b)3

;;:;:;> a~.5b

Given b::: 2 krnph

. :. El::: 5 x 2 ::;: 10 kmph Is the speed 0.1 the boat in still water

.,.,

- .......... iiiIiiiiiiiiIIi iIiiIIIilIiII_,~"""'~ .......... ~ _,~~--- ~-

EXERCISE

1.

9.

A boat rows between two 'places down stream in 4 hrs.and returns the sa dIstance in 5 hrs. If the speed of the flow 2 kmph what is the speed of the boat in water?

A boat can row upstream at 10 kmph. and down the stream at 24 kmph. What Is the speed afthe boat in still water?

1) 13 kmph 2) 17 kmph

3) 19 kmph

4) 21 kmph

2.

A man can raw down the stream at 20 kmph. The speed of flow is 6 kmph. What is the speed.ot the man against the stream?

1) 8 kmph 2) 10 kmph

3) 16 kmph

4) 21 kmph

3.

A man can row 8 kmph in still water. In a stream which is flowing at 4 kmph, lit takes him 2 hours to row both ways. How far is theptace ?

1) 2 km 2) 4 km 3) 12 km 4) 6 km

The speed of a boat is 24 kmph against. the current and It Is 32 kmph with the current. What is the speed of the flow?

1) 10 km 2) 6 km 3) 4 km 4) 5 km"

A boat ean row .3 km up the stre·a.m in 36 minutes and down the stream In 18 minutes., What is the speedgfthe boat in

still water l' '

4.

5.

6.

..

1) 4.5 kmph 2)'"6 kmph ~

3) 7.Skmph 4) B~ph

A boat can row 24,c d4\Wm the stream in

4 hours., Hthe speed Offlow is 2. kmph, find the tima required ·for the boat ton,v·el the same distance against the current?

1} 18 hrs, 2) 12 hrs, 3)1,5 hrs. 4) 24 hrs. The speed of 8 boat in still water is 15 kmph and the speed of the flow Is 5 kmph. The boat travels from A to B down the stream and returns the same distance In 3 hours. What. lis the distance' between A and B ?

1) 18 km .2) 19 km 3) 20 km 4) 211 km The speed of the boat in still water is 8 krnph. It takes the boat thrice as long to row up the stream as to row down the stream. What is the speed of the stream '1

1) 3 kmph 2) 4 kmph 3,) 5 kmph 4) 6 kmph

7 ..

8.

1) 18 kmph 3) 1. kmph

2) 8r kmph 4) 12kmph

10.

The speed of a boat in stut water is 20 InnI"hII and its speed against current is 8 Irrnlr'l". What Is· tln.e speed of the, boat along curren.t?

1) 32 kmph ~~.

11

3) 12 kmph

2) 16 kmph 4) 18 kmph

11.

The speed of a boat with the current 28 kmph. and its speed against the .... " .rrs:o ... is 20 kmph. What Is the speed of the beat stiUwater?

1) 2.3 kmpl1 3)25 kmph

2) 11.5 kmph 4) 12.5 kmph

12.

A boat rows at 10 'Imlph against the and the speed of flow Is 4 kmph. What the speed afthe boat down the current?

1) 12 kroph 3) 18 kmph

2) 116 kmph 4) 16.5 kmph

13.

A man rows against current is 10 kJnph with the current it Is 15 kmph. What Is velocity 'of the stream?

1,)2.5 kmph 3)3 kmph

2}2 kmph 4)4 kmph

14.

A boat can row 4 Ion In 24 minutes· the cunent and the speed of-the 3 kmph. What is the speed of (he. boat the current?

1) 4.8 kmph 3)5kmph

2)4kmph 4) 6 kmph

1'5.

A boat can row 5 km up the stream In 60 minutes and down the stream in 30. minutes. What is the speed of the current?

1) 2 kmph 3) 2.5 kmph

2) 3 kmph 4) 3.5 krnph

16.

A boat goes 36 kin wlth the stream in 6 hours and it goes 40 km against the stream In 8 hours. What Is the speed of the boat in still water?

1) 5.5l<mph 3) 7 kmph

2) 11 kmph 4) B krnph

17.

A boat can row 48 km. down the stream IIi1 8 hours. If lhespeed of flow is 2 kmph find the lime req,uired tot' the boat to travel the same distance aga'inst: the frow ?

1) 20 hrs, 2) 24 hrs.3) 12 hrs. 4) a"hrs.

A boat can row a certain distance down the streams in 6 hours and returns to the same position lin 9 hours. If the stream flows at the rate of 2 kmph find the speed of the boat

. In still water?

A b~at can rew between two pl'aces up the stream In 5 hours a'nd It covers the same distance down the stream In 3 hours. If the speed of the boat in stili water isS kmph, what is the speed of current ?

1) 2 kmph 2} 3 krnph

A man can row 12 kmph In sti II water. It takes him twice as long to row up as to row down 'the river. Find the rate of ,stream?

.,

1) 6 kmph:;1\j ''1" icl1

3)8~~,

"

18.

1)20 kmph 3} 10kmph

19.

3) 4 kmph

20.

1 3) 4 4) 3 5) 3
8) ,2 9) 1 10) 1
12) 3 13) 1 14) 2 15)3
17) 2 18)3 19) 1 20)2 2) 5 kmph 4) 7.5 kmph

4) 1 kmph

2)4 kmph

4) 3 kmph

------_------------

CHAIN RULE

INTRODUCTION

Two quantilties are said to be in Direct proportion'l when the"y are re1ated to each other' so that if one of them is multipHed or divided by a number" the ather Is also multiplied or divided by Ihe same number.

EXAMPLES

Ex : 1) It 12 books cost Rs. 8, what do 30 books cost?

Sol: If there i~ the increase in the number of books, the price also becomes higher.

12 : 8 :: 30 : .

8x30

. Cost of 30 books = 1 ~ = Rs. 2.0

Ex : 2) A hostel had provisions for ~ 0 boys for

40 day~. If 100 boys left the' tel.,,,~w

longl w." the food last at the sa ~t?

l'

Sol : Less number 'of s of days

500 boys -1 40 da 400 boys -+ ?

500

-. x40 = 50 days

400 ~ ,

- lEx: 3) 40 men can build a wa.!! of 320 m in 12 days, working 8 hI'S. a day. What length 6} the similar wall can be built by 25 men in 16 days, wQ·rking 9 hrs. a day?

Sol: Men Length Days No. of nrs, per day of tha wall

4Q 320m 12 8

?

16

9

25

More days :::; iength of wall more

more Mrs. per day => length of wall more

25 16 9 -x-x~x320 - 3'00 m

40 12 8 -

Ex : 4) 80 boys can make 30 boxes in 20 How many more boys should be em[)lovec:. to prepare 60 boxes in 25 days?

Sol : Boys Boxes

(

More boxes => more boys: 40

«

More days ::::> less:~s ?

, .,iI

30 60

:. 128 - 80 = 48 more boys be employed

Ex : 5,) tf Ramesh has been twice as e·fficient today,fhen he would have finished a in 10 days. If his erticiency is reduced one-third of what it Is at 'present then how many days would he be able·to fin the work?

Sot:

-

SHORT CUT METHOD

Efficiency and time period are inv·ersly proportional to each other.

II efficiency is doubled, it takes 10 days. ==> Usually It takes 2'0 days. to complete

the job.

If effic'iency is reduced to one-third, time becomes three times => 60 days

EXERCISE -1

1.

8.

4,0 worker, can dig a canal of 160 m in 12 days, working 8 hrs. a day. What length ()f the similar canal can be, dug by 25

. workers In 16 days, working 9 hrs. a day? e

- . Ht~'"

'1) 140 m 2) 150 m 3) 160 m 4) 180 m ~t~;'1

A hostel has provisions f'O~ 1 qO girls for tI \._ 45 days. If after 10 days,2~f!!s '~H the -, 12. hoster, how long will the food;Jhe

.. ? ,tl::'jl i'.<r

same ,rale • ~. ~1 i:t.,,~ j "

t-:~ . J;;Jr

1) 42 days 2) 30 ~!'MS 3) M: days 4) 32 days

A hostel, for 300 i!l!If_thas provlalons for 20 days. If after 4¥aays, there's a further lnerease of 100,studenls, how long will the provtslons last at the, same r,ate ?

1) 10 days. 2) 15 days

3) 20 days 4) 12 days

40 girls can make 30 boxes in 20 days. How many more girls should be employed to

prepare 60 boxes In.25 days?

1) 40 2) 36 3) 64

• ( )
KEY
1) 2 2) ~ 3) 3 4)2 5) 1 6) 4 7) 4
8)3 9)2 10) 1 11) 4 12)2 13) 1 14)4
--~~~-~~~---~~~~~~- --- --- 2.

If 16 pens cost Rs.24," What do 18 pens cost?

1) 28 2) 27 3) 34 4) 32

A Hostel had provisions for 500 boys for 80 days. If 200 boys left the hostel, how long will the food last at the same rate?

1) 50 days 2) 200 days

3) 60 days 4) 100 days

1160 men working 7 hrs. a day can do a piece of work in 9 days, In how many days wifl21 men, working 8 hrs. fa day do the same

\ work?

3.

1) 2.0 days

2) 21.!. days 2

1

3) 22 2 days

4) 24 days

4.

5.

6.

7.

4)24

If 8 women completed two-fifth of a work in 18 days. working 8 hrs, 8 day, how many more women should be employed to complete the remaining work in 6 da.ys, each workIng 9 hrs.a day?

1) 72 2) 64 3) 544} 52

If 5 men or 8 girls can do a piece of work in 42 days in how many days can 20 men and

10 girls do the same work?

1) 16 days 2) 8 days

3) 4 days 4) 12 days

10. A. certain number of men in a group can do a piece of work in 20 days. If there are 6 men less in the group, the remain,ing men ean complete the work In 30 days. What was

the n. um .. berldil.' en in th.e .group inltiaUy?

1) 15 *1* . ~6 3) 18 . 4)20

11. If Rohn iimt",.~i~e as efficIent as tod~y, then he _dttUiVe finished a work In

!trgH, days. lW!ijs.e~ICienCY Is reduced one{;;(;$;' fourth of what It IS at present then fn how ~l;tf,"many days would he be able to finish the', . \{:,Wbrk?

1) 24 days 2) 48 days

3) 36 days 4) 96 days

If 1 man or 3 boys or 5 girls can do a piece of work in 46 days, then In how many days

1 man, 1 boy and 1 girl can do the same?

1) 25 days 2) 30 days

3) 23 days 4) 35 days .

13. 6 boys and 5 gir,ls can do a piece of w.ork In 12 days, while 8 boys and 18 girls can do it in 6 days. In how many days, can 7 boys and 20 girls do the same work?

1) 6 days 2) 3 days

3) 10 days 4) 5 days

14. Ravi can do a work In 15 days. Madhav fs 25,% more efficient than Ravl. In how many days Madhav alone can do the work?

1) 8 days 2) 20 days

3) 15 days 4) 12' days

9 ..

EXE,RCISE, • 2

1.

8.

8 men. or 12 boys can do a work in. 25 day In how many days"6 men and 11 boys e comp'1ete the same work?

1) 12 days 3) 16 days

2) 15 days 4) 18 days

2.

48 men working 4 hours a day can finish a work tn '1'0 days. Workjng at the rate of 10 hOllrs a day, the number of' men required to finish the work in 6 da'Ys is;

1) 32 2) 34 3) 36 4) 4'0

In a hostel, ration for 2000 students was suffici,e,nt for 54 days. ,After 15 days, some more people lo1ned and the ration lasted only for 20 mere days. How 'many people

joined afterwards? -

1) '675 2) 1900 3) 2250 4) 2500

Some men 'promised to do a Job In 18 days but 6 of theml went on leaves so the remaining men took 20 days to comprete the lob. How many men were there initially?

1)40 ,2) 50 .3)60 4)65

A certa:ln number of men can do a 'work in 60 days. Had 8, more been ta,ken, It would have been fin Ished in t 01 days. How many men were there present before?

1" 45 2) 35 3) 52 4) 40

On.e N.:S.S. esmp is 'plBlnned for 240 boys for 28 days. But. only 112 boys attended. For how man.y days can these boys stay in the eamiP till the provisions are exhausted?

1) 5.6 2) 120 3) 60 "~190

One army' camp has ration for 2sO sold~ for 20 days. 280 8olc:!fjers report for I camp and after 8 days, 4t) studts are sent to another camp., For h(lW ny days'l the remainingl soldle'rs ,ean . _ y in the camp withouttha necessity of any new,l1ation '?

1)12 2)16 3)10 4)14

3 men er 6 wome'n can do a place of'wo,rk in 20 days. In how many days will. 12 me'n and 8 women do the same work?

A certain job was assf;gned to a group men fair its completion In 40 days", But 1 men did not turn up far the jo.b and t remaining men did the, Job in 64 days. original number of manl In the grDup was

1) 32 2) 34 3) 36 4) 40

A road ean be made in 40 days by 24 wo

each wor1tin . urs a. day. If t!he work I

for the day i uced by 2 hours for ea

workler how '" workers are required

complete tha1worlc in 20 days?

1) 80 2) (32 3') 64 4} 40

10.

3.

4.

5.

7.

1

1) 3 2 days

'3) 4. days

3

2) 3 4 days

4) 5 days

1

If8workers can dig 74' metre cana~ in

day, how many workers w111, be required dig 29 m long canal in 2 days?

1) 34 2)36 3)32 ,4) 16

If 5 men can do 5 time. of a work in 5 d then 30 men can do 301 times ·ofthe work

1) 20 ,days 2) 4 days

3) 10 days 4) 5 days

3 men or 5 women can, do a 'piece Imwo 30 days. How long would It take for '12 and 5 women to do the um.a plece'ofw

1) 6 days 2) 6 days,

11.

12.

3) 4 days

4) 8 days

C KEY )

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 5) 3 6)3, 7)2
8)2 9) 1 10) 3 11)4 12)4. 13) 1 ,___,._----~-~,-.- .......... ~-::..~--- - -, - ~ ~ -, - - ~ - ~ - ~ - ---.~ -'_ ~ ~- ~-

-_ [fl ....

(TIME AND WORK]

1 1 3+1 1 " Thus A and B can do - + - = -. _. = - tq~L 8 24 24 6 ;1t:

"< ,t ~

t, ."

work in 1 day «' ~ 11:%

:. A and B can do the work inY'tiB~Ys ,ffi ;&"

-s. .. t .pU14<,* <::*4S3:t*,%4~1~ ~'$1l'm·~

INTRODUCTION

•

[f a man can do a piece of work in 6 days, he wiH do 1/6 of the work in 1 day. And conversely, if a man can to 1/8 work in 1 day, he wnl do the work ~n 8 days.

IliA' can do a work in 'a' days and B can do it In Ibl days, then A and B together can do ilt

ab

in ~-b days.

a+ -

•

EXAMPLES

Ex : 1) If A can do a, work in 8 days and B alene can do it in 24 days. In how many days A and B together can do the work?

Sol: . A can do 1/8 work in 1 day and B can do 1/24 .work in 1 day

FORMUU\

A and B togeth~~n dot's work in ~af$' ~%$~

ab 8 x 24 "iIi ;U4 tli

--.-

a+b 32

= 6 days

Ex : 2) A and B together can do a work in 60 days and A alone can do it 40 days. In how many days B alone can do It ?

Sol:

1

A and B can do 60 work in 1 day

A alone can do _!_ _...!._ work in 1 day f{)40

1 1

B alone can do _--

.. -' . 60 40

4-3 1

240 = 240 of the work in 1 day

.'. B alone can do the whole work in 240 days

Ex : 3) A and B can do a piece of work In 40 days, and 60 days respectiVely. They work together for 12 days and then B leaves.. In how many days the whole work Is completed?

complete

1 1

R'emain ing work ~ 1 - 2 = 2 of work

1

1 2

A can do 2" of the work in ..!_ = 20 days

40

:. Total time taken to complete the work is 12 + 20 :::; 32 days

Ex : 4) A and B can do a work in 25 days and 20 days respectively. They together undertook to do a piece of work for Rs. 1 BOO. What is the share of B ?

Amount must be divided in the ratio of their capability (or) in the ratio of their one day work.

Ratio of l' day work of A and B =

Sol:

1 . 1 -4-5 25' 20 -, .

5 .

B"s share e 9 x I 800 :::; Rs.. 1000

5) ,A, and B can do a work in 12 and 9 days respectively. If they work on alternate days. A begins the, work on which day will the work be completed?

Work done by A and B in first 2 days (1 pair of days)

1 1 7

- ~+-=-.

- 12 9 36

Work. done by them in 5 pair of days

7

= -. xS

36

35 (or 10 days) = 36-

35 1

Remaining work s 1 - 36 ::; 36 of the work

1

A can do 36 or the work in

1

36 _1

T- 3th of day

12

1

• 110.- tail time req·.ui,red = 10 - daus

'. . -' - . -' 3 'I

Thus tlne: work would be completed on 11th day by A

Ex : 6), A is th rice ;as good a workman as B.

Together th'ey can do a work in 12 days. In how many days B, alone can do the

work?

Sol : A + B can do the work in 12 days since A=3B

(8 + 38) can complet!BI the work in 12 days

4B can comple:te the work in 12, days

.'. B alone can do the work in 48 days

5xlS, 20

Ex : 7) A is thrice as fast as '8, and i.s the~eloJe able 1:0 finish a work in, '10 days tess than Bdoes. In how m.any days can it b completed if they worl( together?

Sol:, A =38

l.f A can do the work in x days ~ 8 can do It ill 3x days

Difference In time period::: 2x =1 0 days,

x: 5 days

:. A alone can do i.t in 5 days and B alone i 15 days

.', A and B can together do the work, in

days t

t

Ex : 8) Twa taps A and .8 can fm a tank 'In 16 h 'and 1.2 hrs. respecti,vely. !Ifboth the 18 are opened simul,taneouS1YJ how long·_

it. take to fUI the t'Bnk ?

1

Sol : Tap A can till 6 th of tank in 1 110m

1

'Tap -Bean Uti 12 th of tank in 1 hour'

1 I 3 1 . A and B can fill = ~ + -. = -- :;= - .. 6 12 12 4

1

= '4 th tank i,n 1 hour

:. 'In 4 hours! A and B can fill the tank

FORMULA

ab

-Use the formula ----b hrs. a+

6><12

18 =4 hrs ..

---~~~.~~~~--:: .~ •. :;,€M), -. -~

1.

If A can do a work in 4 days and B alone can do it in 12 days, in how many day,s A and B together can do the work?

1) 2 days 2) 3 days...-

3) 4 days

4) None

2.

.

A and B together can do, a work In 60 days

and A alone can do it in 80 days. In how many days Barone can do it '/'

1) 120 days 2) 60 days

3) 240 days 4) 200 days

A and B can do a piece of work in 24 days. Band C in 30 days, C and A In 40 days. How long would all of them take to do the same work'?

1) 18 days 2) 20 days

3.

3)22 days

4) 24 days

K.iran can do a work in 20 days, which Saro; can do In 12 days. Sa,roj worked on it for 9 days and leaves,_ In how many days can Kirsn finish the remaining work?

1) 3 days 2) 5 days

3) 8 days 4) 9 da~st "~t

A and B can do a piece of ~ in 20 days"l'· and 30 days respect!vely. TheY~:~ -:lpther

f~r 6 days and tbtW'iJeaves.] many

days the whol ..... W r. k is~omple ?

~. t f

1 )24 days , '$.ra~ '. days

3) 15 clays t~t'f4) 16 days

A and B can do a work In 50 days and 40 days respectiv,ely. They together undertook the work for Rs. 9000. What is the share of B?

1) Rs. 2000 3) Rs. 5000

2)Rs.3500 4)Rs.6600

A can do a work in 16 days. B alone can do it in 24 days. They together undertook the work for Rs. 3200. With the help of C" they finished the work In 6 days. What is the shareofC?

1) Rs .. 1200 3) As. 750

2) Rs.i600 4) Rs. 980

3) 14days.

4) 10 days

A and B cando a work in 18 and 9 days respectively. If they work on alternate day,s and A begins the work fn how many days can it be completed?

1} 12 days 2) 6 days

8.

9.

Pradeep Is thrice as good a workma.n as Pramod. They can do a work together In 24 days. In how many days Pramod alone can do the work ?

') 16 days 3) 36 days

2) 24 days 4) 96 days

Two taps A and B can fill a tank in 2 hrs, and 8 hrs. respectively. If both the taps are opened simultaneously, how much time will it take to tiI/ahe tank?

$' Im

1) 1 h"71) " . e ? 2) 1 hr. 36 min.

~J 1 hr. " 4) 1 hr. 8 min.

i

'Two taps. and B can fill a tank in 20 hrs.

... 30 hrs. Third tap C can empty the full i$f~ffl< In 60 hrs. If all the taps are opened Obi together how much time will it tak.e to fill thetank?

1) 30 hrs. 2) 2.0 hrs, 3) 15 hrs. 4) 12 hrs.

Two, pipes A and B can fm a cistern in 16 hrs., and 2,4 hours respectivley, while pipe C can empty It in 12 hrs. In what time wililhe cistern be full, if all the pipes are opened together?

11) 40 hrs. 2) 48 hrs. 3) 39 hrs. 4) 56 hrs.

Two pipes A and B can fm a tank in 24 min. and 30 min. respectively. Both are opened together but after 8 min. A i"s turned off. In how many more minutes, wnl the tank be tined?

1)14min.2)16min. 3) 12min. 4)10min.

14. Three pipes A, Band C can fill a tank In 12 hrs., 4 hrs, and 24 hrs. respectively. Pipe A is opened at 6 a.m, pipe B at 8 a.m. and pipe C at 9 a. m. At what time can the tank ' befiUed?

1) 10.40 A.M. 2) 9.30 A.M.·

3) 10 A.M. 4) 10.20 A.M.

10.

12.

13.

--,----- . .._--_.------~- ---.--~--...----. -~

15. A cistern ean be filled bya pipe in 6 hrs. but ( KEY )
due to a [leak in the bottom it takes 2 hrs.
10'n9 e r to fill it. If the cistern is tull, in ho,w
many hrs. will the lea.k empty it ? 1) 2 2) ,3 3) 2 4} 2 5) 4
1) 16 hrs, 2) 18 hrs. 3) 20hrs. 4} 24 hra 6) 3 7) 1 8) 1 '9)4 10) 2
11) 3 12)2 13)3 14) 4 15) 4 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

( EXERCISE - 2 )

A can do a work in 16 days and B alone can do the same work in 12 days. In how many days A an,d B 1,ogeti':le'rcan do, the work '?

1)28

6 3).6- 7'

1 4) 6- 7

2)24

A, Band C can do a work In 12, 20 and 15 days respectively. In how many days can they together complete the work l'

11) 10 days 2) 5 days

3) 47 days 4),12 days

Amar and Bbanu together can finish a work in 8 days. Amar' alone can do it in 12 days. How many days will Bhanu alone take to,

complete the same, work? "'

1)16 2)2'4 3)4 ,None

Madhav fInished 1/~~ (lffhe work '~O da,ys. In how many d~$1 will he finish 'the

remaining work?" e t

1) 50 days , 3O<:fays

3) 20 days

4} 40 days

A tank can be fined in 9 hours, but takes one hour longer to be fUled due to a leak. in its bottom. 1': the tank is fun, what is the time req,uired. to empty it ?

1}-30 hrs .. 2) 40 hrs. 3) 4-5 hrs. 4) 90 hrs,

If 4/5 th pari of a tank is ',med with water in one minute, then the time reqq'ired to fill the remaining part is

1)10 sec 2) 12 sec. 3) 15 sec. 4) 20 sec. A and B can do one work in Kdays. Only A can do the work in 9 da.ys. ,'In how many days B alone can do th~s work?

1) 21 days 2) 24 days

--'._----~--_._--~........_ ----- --- - - ---- -

3) 18 days

4) 14 days

A, can do a p,iece of work In 20 days, Bin 15 days and C in 12 days. In how many days can A finish the work if he is assisted by B on one day and by C on the alternate days?

1)14 2)6 3)8 4)1.0

20 men, 20 women and 20 chil:dre,n can do a work In 5 daVs, 10 days and 15 days respectively. the n <how many days 1Dmen, 1 Q women andl1 O¢hildren take to co.mptet,e the same work ?

8.

9.

1 2)1- 11

5 3)5~ 11

Mohan can do a work In 40 days. He'work$1 for 5 days and David finished the remaining work in ,21 days. In how many days can Mohan and David togelher comp'lete the work?

A and B can do a work in 18 days and 15 days resipE!Ctive'ly. They work together for 5 days and B leaves the work. In howl!'ft!:l·II"I .... days win A finish off the remain ing work?

1) 14 days 2) 11 days

Rohit and Mohit can do a work. in 25 and 20 days respectively. They fDllleU,MI undert.ook a piece of work for Rs. 1 a, What 'is 'the share of Matllt ?

10.

1) 64 days 3) 1,5 days

2) 4Sdays 4) 20 days

1 '1, .•

2

3) 14~ days

. 7 .

4) 7 days

12.

1) Rs. 8000 3) Rs. 10.000

2)Rs.1200 4),Rs.9,OOo

13. .A can do a work in 12 da.ys and' B can do the same in 36 days. If they work on alternate days] and A begins the work, on which day will the work be completed ?

1) 9th day 3) 27th day

2} 18th day 4) 36th day

14.

Kalyan is twice as good efficient worker as Raju. They can complet.e a work together in 15 days. In how many days Raju alone can complete the work?

1) 5 days 3) 15 days

2) 10 days 4) 45 days

15.

A sum of money is sufficient to pay A's wages for 20 days and It is sufficient to pay Bls wages lor 30 days. For how many days the same sum of money will be sufficient to pay the wages for both A and B ?

1) 12 days 3) 16days

2) '9 days 4) 18 days

16.

Two taps A and Bean fill a tank in 32 min. and 24 min. respectively. If both the UJps are opened simultaneously, aft~r how riI'IIi, 'Om.." time ,should ,A be c.losed so that the' can be filled in 8 minutes ?

1) 12min. 3) 18 min,

2) 6

~.

i) 10 min.

17.

A is thrice as d Is therefore able

to fin,ish ,8 work . s less than B does.

How long does It take Ics complete If 'they work together?

1) 1 day 3) 3 days

2) 2' days 4) 4 days

18.

A and B can do a piece of work In 45 and 40 day,s respeetlvely~ They began the work together but A had left after some days and B finished the remaining workrn 23 days.

• After how many days did IAI leave?

1) 6 days 3) 10 days

2) 9 days 4) 12 days

3 1) 3- 7

19. Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 6 hrs.

. and 8 hrs. ,respectively. If they are open on alternate hours starting' with A, the number of hours needed to fm the tank is (2007)

20' ..

21.

23.

24.

2)6

.61 3)', -

2

~ 4) 6':" 4

A tank is normally filled in 8 hrs., but takes 2 hrs. longer to fill because of,: ,leakage. 'f the tank Is fuU, the time taken by the leak to

empty It is (2007)

1) 36 hrs, 2) 38 hrs,

3) 40' hrs. 4) 44 nrs,

A can complete a piece of work in 18 days. B is 20% more efffc)ent than A. The number

of days B 18 to comp.lete. the same piece

of wor~ I (2007)

'fW

1) 15

\ 2) 12, 4)9

~()rie man or two women or 3r part-timers can com,plete a piece work in 48 days. How many days will it take for 2 men, 3 women and 3 part-timers 'to complete the same piece of work? (2007)

1) 12

2)18

. 2

4) lO-

S

3)20

Two taps can fin a tank in 5 m,in. and 7 min. respectively and the ·thlrd one can empty it in S min .. If they lire opened togethe.r, in how many mnts. will the tan,k be fflled? (2006)

1) 115 min. 3) 120min.

2) 105 min. 4) 135 min.

'f A can do one-fifth of 11 work in 2 days and B can do one-third of that work in 5 days, then the number of days that both A and B take to do the work Is (2006)

3)8

4)4

1)4 3} 10

1) 12 3) 11

2) 15 4) 14

28. Pipe A can tm a tank in 6 hrs. and pipe can empty the tank In 7 hrs. In how : hours theltank can be'fiUed, if both the

are opened?

A~ ·B and C can do a work in 4, 5 and 7 days respectively. They together ,completed that work and earned Rs. 415. What ts the share of A? (2006)

1) Rs. 170 3) Rs, 185

2) Rs.175 4) RS,180

1) 13 3}2B

2)21 4)42

A sum ot mDney is sufficient 10 pay Als wages for 21 days and B',5 wages tor 28, days. The same sum of money win be sufficient for both of them for how many days?

(2005)

29,

., the ratio at the work do'ne by .(x- 1) in (x + 1) days to the wQrk done by (x + men in (x -1) days is 9: 10 (hen x == '1

1) 6 3.) 8

2)7 4)9

30,

AI' Band C can do a work ln 10 days. B C can do it in 20 days. C a'onecan do It 30, days .• n ho many days A and B .T1U .......

can do it?

Two pipes A and B can liU a tank in 5 hrs. and 20 hrs, respectively. '" how many hours

they toget.her can tm the tank? (2005)

_- . .

1) 10

2}11

,*""

oj}'

4) 15

2.) '6 4)12

\ 3) 2 4) 4 5) 4
8) :3 9) 3 10) 3
1.2)3 13)2 14)4 15) 1
17)3 18) 2 19)4 20)3
21) 1 22.)4 23)2 24)1 2.5)2
26)1 27)1 28)4 29)3 39:)4 1.

2.

3.

AREAS

5.

Area of a Quadrilateral

= .~ x diagonal x sum of the offsets

LIST OF FORMULAE

a

I

. . (Diagonal) 2

Area of square -= (slde)2 := 2 .

Perimeter ot a square = 4a

Diagonal = J2a

I

b~b

I

Area. of a rectangle = length x Breadth

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(1 ~-_

Diagonal == Je + b2

,

b

Area. of a parallefogram = Base x height

Where d11 d2 are the lengths of the diagonals Perimeter ·of a rhombus = 4a

6.

, "

paraftetsldes x Perpsndlcutar distance between them

h

= -(a+b) 2

7.

a

b

. 1

Area of a Triangle = 2 x base x height

Area of Triangle = .Js(s - a)(s .... b)(s - c) where e, b, c are the lengths of the sides and a+b+c

s=---

2

8.

Area of an equil~t-eral triangle = tir + 2r

Height of an aqullaterat trianqts = .J3 a 2

g,.

10.

Area of a cire e = tr:r2

/i\, -11.%1

C'rcumfe renee of a circle = 27rf'''

B

A

z( 9 )'

Area of a ssctor e nr . 360

length of arc of a sector = 2m{ ~ J Circumference of a sect .... !:':::; (21l"r~. e - J+ 2

- - - VI 360

,i .

12.

lrr2 ~r1Ml1et a Semi circle:::; -

.,~ 2

, . . 36

Cirrcumference ofa semi clrcte II: 7 r = zrr+ 2r

Note: 1 Hactare e 10,000 sq. metres

1 Acre = 4,000 sq. metres

EXERCISE • '1

1.

The perimeter of a square is 60 cm. Find Us area?

1) 155 cm2 3) 245 cm2

2) 225 cm2 '4)255 cm2

2.

The side of a square Is increased by 20%. By what 'peroentage Its area might be increased?

1)40% 2)44%

3)50% 4)52%

3; The cost of cul,Uvating a square field «t Rs. 210 per Hectare Is Rs. 840. What is- the length of Ita ,llde?

__ ~~Om_~~~~~OO~~~9~_

'--.--------..._.__.~,. 1_ Ic_ .... : ....... _...__~_

The area ,of a rectangle 'Is 216 sq. m. and perl meter is 60 m. What is ·the poss[ length of the rectangle?

1)'10m 2)11m 3)1Bm 4)13m How many square tile. of 3 m sides

required to pave a rectangular hall of 45 lengthl and 24 m broad?

1) 80 - 2) 100 3) 110 4) 120

6. A rectangular ground of 30 m x 20m surrounded by a path of 2 m wide,. What the area of the path?

1) 216 m2 ,2) 512 m2

3) 343 m2 4) 125 m2

4.

5.

( KEY )

1) 2 2} 2 3) 3 4) 3 5) 4 S) 1 7) 2 8) 3 9) 3

10)2 11)312)213)214)215)216)2 17)1 18)3

. 19)3 20)3 21) 1 22)3 23)2 24)3 25),4

-....._.----...._....._-~.------~-~-~ ---.--.-~-._...~-~ ..... -

8.

The sIdes of a rectangle are in the ratio 3 : 2 and Its area is 726 sq. m. What is its length?

1)28m 2)33m 3)35m 4)39m

The length of a rectangle is increased by 30% and Its breadth is decreased by 20%. What is the percentage of 1:hange In its area?

1) 2'% 2) 3% 3) 4% 4) 5'%>

The area of a paralletogram is 432 sq. em. Its attitude Is thrice the corresponding base. What is the length of its base?

1) 15 em 2) 1,8 em 3) 12 em ,4) 20 em The two diagonals of a rhonbus are 8 cm and 16 em What is its area?

1) 18 sq. em 2} 24 sq. em

3) 28 sq. ern 4) 32 sq. em

The perimeter of a rhombus Is 68 em and one of its diagonal is 30 em. What Is its area?

1) 190 cm2 2) 220 cm2

3) 240 em2 4) 280 cm2

Find the area. of a quadrilateral if one of its diagonal is 16 em and its offsets are 24 em and 22 em?

9.

10.

11.

12.

1) 288 cm2 3) 428 cm2

2) 368 cm.2 4) 448 c

13.

The two pa'~lIel sides of a tra u· 'fIre

4:.;::"f-~ #':$1, ~

8 em and 10 em. If" "' ....... ea Is 7~ y m.,

what Is Its height '1 w +

1) 6 em 2) 8 om' J,fJAn 4) 12 em

The sides of a trian f3, 14 and 15 em.

What is Its area? .

1) 72 cm2 2) 84 cm2

3) 89 cm2 4) 96 cm2

The height of an equilateral triangle Is'

3.[3 em. What Is Its area?

15.

1) 3J4 cm2 3) 713 cm2

2) 9J3 cm2 4) .s.J3 cm2

16. The sides of two equUateral triangles are in the ratio 1 ; 3. What is the ratj'o ,oftheir areas?

1) 2: 5 2) 1 : 9 3.) 2 : 3 4) 1 : 7

17. One side of a right angled triangle is 60 em and its longer side Is 1 DO cm. What is the area of the triangle?

1) 2400 cm2 2) 2500 cm2

3) 2600cm2 4) 2800 cm2

1 B. The diagonaf Qf a square and the side of an I equilateral triangle are equal in magni'tude. What is the ratio of their areas 1

1) 215 2) 3.J2 3) 2·: 13 4) 4../3

19. The circumference of a circle is 176 em.

What is its area?

1) 1836 cm2 2) 2034 cm2

3) 2464 cm2 4) 2832 cm2

20. The diameter , two Iclrcles are in the ratio

•

2 : 5. Wh· ratio of their areas?

1) 3 : 5 ~ 3) 4 : .25 4) 7 : 11

21. There' is a de" aroLJnd a circular

t!${"i4tk of 1 0 "t'" dius. What Is the area of the 1Jl pat~m?'

1) ~~q.m 2) 68 sq. m

't .:~ro sq. m 4) 180 sq.m

The radius of a wheelis 28 em. How many times does it revolve during a journey of

O.3S2km.?

1) 180 rotations 2,) 190 rotations

3) 2000 rotations 4) 280 rotations

23. The circumference of a sem' ... circle fs 72 em.

What Is its area?

1) 302 cm2 2) 308 cm2

.3) 310 cm2 4) 315 cm2

24. The radius of a circle Is In'creased by 100'/0.

What is the percentage of Increase In its area?

1) 18% 2) 20% 3) 21% 4) 23%

251 The radius, of a sector's 14 em and the length of the arc is 33 em. What Is, the angle subtended by the sector at the centre of the cfrcle?

1)210° 2) 1850 3) 1450 4) 1350

".

. ---~

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

B.

EXERCISE ... 2 I

The perimeter Of3 square is 68 em. Find He area?

1) 289 cm2 3)400cm2

2) 250 cm2 4) 600 cm2

The dia.gonall ola square is 16 cm. Find Its area?

1) 1'82 cm.2 3) 212 cm2

2) 128 cm2 4) 162 cm2.

If the s,ide of a square Is decreased by 30%, wha.t is the percentage of decrease In its area?

1}49

2}51

3)69

4)72

The cost for cultivating a square field at the rate of Rs,.110 per hectare is Rs. 990. The cost of fencing' it at 50 ps. per meter is

1) As. 1200 2) Rs. 600

3) Rs.400

4) As,. 450

The length and breadth of a rectangular room are in the ratio 5 : 3 and i rimeter is 80 m. Find Its area ?

1.325 m2

3) 308 m2 _ 4) ~75f2 , r

If the width 01 a r is 3 m less than

its length and Its perimeter is 26 m, the area of the rectangle Is

1) 60 m2 2} 35 m2

3) 40 m2

4) 120m2

A man walked 20 m to cross a rectangular field diagonally. If the length of the field is 1 e m, the breadth of the field is

1)12m 2)16m '3)10m 4)8m

The length and breadth of a rectang,ular piece of land are In the ratio 5 : 3. The owner I spent Rs. 6000 for surrounding it from. ·all the sides at the rate of Rs. 15 per meter. The d·ifference between the length and breadth

is

1)100m 2)150m 3)2Sm 4)75m

9, How many paving stones" each measur'ing 3m x 2m are required to pave a rectangular court yard of 45 mlong and 16 m broad?

1)1,90 2) 120 3) 11.0 4) 90

10. The sides of a rectangular park are in t_ ratio '3 : 2 and its area 11.3,750 sq. m. Wh is the eost of fencing the park at Rs. 2 meter?

1) Rs. 125 3) As. 1000

2) Rs .. 400 4)'Rs.500

11.

A rectangular hall 18 m long, 16 m broad surrounded b a path 2 m widew 'Flndl t

area of the ?

1) 150 m2 $)t60m2

,2) 152 m2 4) 164 m2

A reltangular lawn 80 m x 35 m has '.' each 2m wide, running in the midd "Cif''it, one parallel to length and ·the 0

'parallel to breadth. FInd the' area of'lhe . roads?

12.

1) 230m2 3) 226 m2

2) 222m2 4)221 m2

13.

The area of a parallelog,ram is 98 sq. and Its altilude is twice 'the correspondl bass. What Is the length of the base in, em

1)49 2) 14

3)7 4)3.5

One side of a parallelogram is 10 ern, distance fr'om the opposite side is 8 c What 'Is the area of thai paranel,ogram ?

1) 40 cm2 2) 80 cm2:::-

14.

3) 45 cm2

4)60 cm~

15 ..

The diagonals of a rh.ombus are 30 em a 16 em. Find Its area ?

1) 200cm2: 3) 208 em'

2) 240cm2 4) 160 cm2

___ ~ , .....,;;;ii'__ '~~ ~ ~~ _

II': ,M

16.

17.

8.

The perimeter of a rhombus is 20 om. and one of its diagonals is 8 em. Find its area ?

1) 48 cm2 2} 24 cm2

3) 12 cm2 4) 16 cm2

Find the area 0" a quadrilateral piece of ground one of whose diagonals is ,60 m long and the, perpendiculars from the other two vertices are 28 m and 32 m respectively?

1) 1600m2 2) 1690 m2

3) 1800 m2

4) 1500m2

The cross section of a canal is a trapezium in its shape. If the canal is 12 m wide at the top'snd 8 m wide ,at the bottom and the area of cross-section Is 60 sq.m, detennine its depth?

1)8m 2)6m 3)10m 4)7m

Find the' area of a triangle whose base Is 18 em and h.'ght 10 em?

1) 96 cm2 2) 98 cm2

3) 90 em'! 4) 60 cm2

The area of an equilateral trlangl 25~ crrr'-. Find its perimeter?

1) 40 om 3) 60 em

~~4} 25 c

ui ral triangles are In

1

_ tlo of their sides ?

Theareaaof the ratio 4: t.

1) 2: 3 2) 2:1

3) 1 : 2 4) 3: 2

"

The clrcumf.rence of a circle is 88 em.

Find Its area

~r616 cm2 2) 716 cm2

3) 416cm2

'.- .

4)608cm.2

- ,. ';

The ratio be\WtMtn the,ar_. of twoolreles .Is 4 : 9. FJnd1h. ratio between theIr radii.

. ',"

1) 2 : ,1 2) 2 : 5 _ -·3) 2 ,: 3' 4) 3: 1

The circumference of a 'semi circle Is

360.m. Find Ita area? .

1} 3500 m2 ' • .: _; 2) 7700 m2

ID~~~ '~~~~:' ~.~ __

25.

The radius of a wheelis 21 em. How many times does it revolv,e durIng a. journey of 5.28km?

1)400 2)4Q

3)4000 4)2000

What is the area of a sector of a circle Whose radius Is 14 em and angle of sector is 45D ?

1) 66 cm2 2) 77 cm2'

3) 88 cm2 4) 60 cm2

A circular wire of radius 21 em is cut and bent in the' form of a square. What is the area of the resultant square in square em ?

1) 1121 2) 1069

3}1079 4)1089

26.

27.

28.

The length of a rectangle Is increased by , 50%. By what percentage, Its breadth must be reduc 0 keep the area as constant?

1).5, , 2) 25%

•

3) 33~

;f

M

'e ratto of the sIdes of II rectangle is 4 : 9,

,

and the area is equal to 144 sq.m. The

perimeter of the rectangle in meters is

(2007)

4) 16 2 % 3

1) 52 3} 18

2)26 4)30

30.

The area (in square ems) of a trapezium, for which the lengths of paralle' sides are 20 ems, and 23 ems while the dfstance between the parallel sides is 12 ems, is (2007)

1) 238 2) 248

3)258 4}264

If the ratio of the circumferences of two ' cIrcles Is 2 : 3 then the ratIo of their areas is

(2007)

31.

1) 4:9 3)5: 6

2)3: 5 4)3: 2

32.

The area (in sq. cms) of the regular hexagon whose perimeter 18 12 ems, is (2007)

1) 18J3 3) 12 .J3

2) IS.J3 4) 6$

An isosceles triangle of area 12 sq.cm. has one of Its equal sides as 5 em. The length of the base of 'the triangle (in ems) is (2007)

,2)7 4)9

w.

The' inner and outer radii of a circular track are 211 and 21 m. What is the cost of levelling at Rs. 5 per square meter '? (2006)

37.

1 (2 b2) The area of a trapezium Is 2 . a -. sq.

un'lts" when a, b are lengths of the parallel sIdes. Then the distance between the parallel sides is

(2005),

1) Rs. 1078 3) Bs. 4312

2) Rs. 2156 4) Rs.5390

1) 5

3)(a +b)

2)2a

4) (8 -b)

5. The radius of a circle that can eircumscribe a r,ectangel of dimensions 12 em and 5 ern

is (in em) ? (2006)

1) 6 3)7

2)6.5 4)8.5

38. The areas of two squares are in the ratio 3 :, 1. What is the ratio of their perimefers ?

(2004)

1) 3: 1

2} 1:f3

A wire of length 132 em is bent in the form of a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio 7 : 4. What Is the area of the rectangle ?

(in sq em) (2005)

1),4032 2) 4230

3) 1008 4),3420

3) J3: 1

4) 1 : 3

39.

The dimpnsiQ"'s of a rectangle are 36 em and 20cm. The 8tll:! of a sqluare is five times that of the rectang"te: 'What: is the side of the

equare "1 ( em) (2.004)

1)a, 2)40

,

~,4S 4)60

A wheel travelled 792 m in 240 revo'imions. What Is Its radius? (2,004)

40.

1) 52.5 m 2) 5.25 m
3) 0.525 m 4)O.0525m
KEY )

1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 4)2 5) 2
_ 6) 3 7) 1 8) 2 9) 2 10)4
1.1)2 12)3 13) 3 14)2 1,5) 2
16) 2 17)3 18) 2 19~,3 20)2
21) 1 22)1- 23)3 24)2 25)3
26),2 27)4 28)3 29) 1 30)3
31)1 32)4 33)3 34)4 35)2
36)3 37)4 38) 3 39)4 40)3 __,,-- -"""""-="'!!!!!'!.:-==-:-==-=-=-==-=-::..:-=.:-=--:..:_.,.:.:-:':-:_~-=-=' _=' _::.:_=_=_=~ - ---1- _... -.:--

@ ,

- K

1.

VOLUMES, AND SURFACE AREA

IMPORTANT FORMULAE

Curved surface area == 1t'rl Total surface arsae nrl + nr2

Total surface area

= 21rrh + 2n-r = 2nr(h+r)

Cube:

a

]. 2 Cone : Volume == 3 nr h

4.

a

Slant height I:::: " r2 + h2

Volume Surface area

Diagonaf

2. Cuboid:

Volume Surface area

4 3 Volume: -1tr 3

Diagonal Area of 4 walts of a room,,;: 2h (I + b) Cylinder:

6.

Hemisphere :

Surface area == 4nr2

h

2 3 Volume =: =x:

. 3

Curved surface area» ·Znr2 Total surface area = 3nrz

Volume

Curved surface area

~ 21t'rh

.-----------~-=-=-~-=-~L-=-=---~----------t_._-~C~r.-ativ ,I --

EXERCISE .. 1

What isths'surfaoe area 0" a, cube of volll.lme 125 cu. em?

1) 110cm2 3} lBOcm2

2) 130 cm2 4) 150cm2

If each edge of a cube is increased by 10%, what is DIe pe,rcentage 0" increase in It,s volume?

1)33.2% 3)23%

2)45% 4)33.1%

A, c:ube of side 6 em is melted and formed into smaller cubes of side 2 em each. How many such smaller cubes can be made?

1) 12

2} 18

3)27

4)36

5.

Three cubes of metal, whose sides are 3t 4 and 5 em are melted and formed into a single cube. What is the side of the r,esullant cube?

1) tsem 2) 20 em

3) sem 4) 25 em

What is 1he surfa,cearea of a cuboid Bmx6mx2m?

1.) 96 sq. em

3) 15,2 sq. em What i,s the' surta - opened at the to are6mx3 mx 2

1):36 m2

3) 64m2

2) 112 sq. em

6.

2) 54 m:2 4) 92 m2

7.

The dimensions of a room 'are 30 m x 20 m x 18 m~ What' Is the cost of [paper'ing the 4 warls of the room @ As. 2 Ipeir sq. metre?

1) As. 2600 2) Rs. 9000

3)Bs.7500

4) RS .. 3600

8.

What is the length of the la'nges', pole, that can be placed In a cuboid 0' 10 m length, 8 m breadth and 5 m height?

1) sJfi rn 3) lO~ m

2) 3421 m

4) None

9.

What is the surface area of a box which is o:pened at the top, whose dimensions are ,8mx6m.x3 m?

1 )116, m2 3) 132m2

2) 156m'2 4) 186m2

1,0. The radius of a cylinder Is 3.5 em and its height is 6 em. What is the cunred surface area?

1} H8 cm2 3) 180 cm2

2)136 cm2 4) 132cm2

11. Two c,y'l,inders rave their heights in the ratio 4, : 3 and Ihei~adii in the ratiio 1 : 3. What, is the ratio oft}iiir volumes?

«"

1,) 9 : 17 s ~ ~ ',b 2) 4 : 27

3) 13 : 5 4) 14 : 5

1~_ The mdius and height of a roller are 35 em

"'b,and .2 m respectively. How many square ·i),,~metres 'will it cover in 20 rounds ?

1)'70m2 3)92 m2

2) 88, m2 4) 108 1m2

13. The height of a cylinder Is halved and Its radiius is increased to three times the in'itial tadius. What is the raUo between the initial volume and new volume?

1) 2: 9 3) 3: 5

2) 1 : B 4) 4: 5

14.

The radius of a conical 'tent lis, 1 m and its slant height is 12 m. What is the area o,f canvas, cloth required to consb'Uctthe tent?'

1) 192m2 :3)314m2

2) 264 m2 4) 414 m2

15. 'The radiil of two cones, are In 'the ratIo 3 : 5 and thetr he'ights are In ther,at'io '1 : 3. What is, the ratio, of their volumes?

1,}5: 17 J 3)3:25

2) 4: 13 4) 6: 11

16.

19.

How many spher,leal bullets of radius 1,.25 em can be made out O'f a lead cylinder 20 em high and 5 em radius?

1)125 2)625 3)156 4)192

A cylinder and a cone have the same radii. Their heights are in the ratio 4 ~ 1. What' Is the ratio of their volumes?

th\ ti' ~1:

'hit If the volume of a cube is 2161# ' em, what "1JP

is its surface area? 'n

1*"if, '

'1 ttaV206 cm2

Jfri ""

Hh ȣ1'"

3) 144 cm2 ql=!4Llsfkm2

fd? ,~4 ~

Find the length of thErlorigest pole which

can be arranged In a cube of which surface area is 162 sq.m. ?

\ 1)\12 m

3)6m.

The diameter of a sphere is 16 em. This sphe,re is melted and small spoerical balls .ot radius 2 em each are formed. How many smaller balls can be made?

1) 16 3)81

2)24 4)64

17.

The radius of a sphere is 7 em. What, is its surface area?

1) 315 cm:2 3) 616cm2

2) 343cm2 4) 902 em2

18.

The surface area of Heml-sphere is 462 sq. om. What' is its curved surface area?

\_'1) 114cm2 2)212cm2

3) 308 cm2 4) 296 cm2

1.

Find the volume of the lube of 12 ern side?

1) 1718 c.c, 2) 1728 c.c.

3) 1738 c.c.

4) 864 c,c,

2 ..

1)216cm2

3.

2)9m 4) 15m

4.

If each edge of a cube is decreased by 200/0, what is the percentage of decrease In tts vof,ume?

1) 48 3) 51.2

2)68 4)48.8

5.

A cube of side 6 em. is melted and smaller cubes o,f sides 2 em. each are made. How many such cubes are possible?

2}3,

3)27

4) 15

1)24

20.

1)12:1 2)15:2 3)13:4 4)6:5

( KEY )
1) 4 2) 4 3) 3 4) :3 5) 3
6) 2 7) 4 8) 2 9) 3 10) 4
11) 2 1.2)2 13) 1 14)2 15) 3
16) 4 17) 3 19) 4 20) 1 1)4cm 3) 12 em

2) 10 em 4) 6cm

7.

The volumes of two cubes are in the ratio 125: 64" What lis the ratio ,of the'r surface areas?

1) 5: 4 ,3) 25: 16'

2) 25: 12 4) 16; 3

8.

What is the volume of cuboid of sides 9mx4mx3m?

1) 108 cum 3) 118 ou.rn

2) 112 cu.m 4) 72 cum

9.

The volume of cuboid 18 54 cu. em. If its ~Iength and breadth are 6 em and 3 cm respectively, what is the surface area of the cuboid?

1) 60 cm.2 3) 45 cm2

'2) 90 cm2 4) 105 r·:l

Creative Learnln Institute for C

---~--~------~-~----- -~----~--~----

I I

11.

12.

10.

A brick measures 12 em x ,6 em x.5 em. How many brick. are required for a wall 15 m. long, 3 m. height and 2 m thick?

1) 25,000 2) 2,50,000

14.

15.

17.

3)2500

4)250

----------~~------

What is the area of 4 walls of a room of dimensions 6 x 4 x 2 cu. m. ?

1} 40 m2 ~) 60 m2

3) 8Q m2 4)20 m2

The diametr. of a cYII~der is 8 m andils height is 1.4 m. What is its-curved s~rface area, ?

1) 342 rn'.2 3) 352 m2

2) :358 m2 4) 308 rn2

13. The .circumference of the circular base of a cylinder is- 22 em. If Its height is 16 cm, what is its VOIUMf!. ?

1) 606 e.c, 3) 616 c.c,

2) 672 c,c 4) 608 c,c,

The volume ~nd curved surface area of cylinder' are 432 e.e. and 108 sq. em. respectively. What is Its diametre ?

1) 12 em 2) 14 em

3) 18 em Two circular cylinde their heights In th ratio of their radii ?

1) 1: fi 3) 1 : 4

2) 1:-J3 4) 1 : 5

16. If the height of acylinC!er is doubled and Its radius, is halved, what Is, the ratio between the new volume and the Initial volume?

1) 2 : 1 3} 1: 3

2) 1 : 2 4) 3: 1

The diameter of a, rIght circular cone is. 0.7 m and Its slant height is 12 m. What i$ its curved surlace area?

1) 11.2 m2 3) 10.8 m2

, 2 2) 13.2 m

4) 11..4 m2.

18.

The dialTJ~ters of two cones are In the ratio 2:5 and,their heights are In the ratio 1 : 4. What is!the ratio of their volumes?

1) 1 : 5. 2) '1 : 25

3) 1 : 4; 4} 1 : 16,

If a solid sphere of radius 18cm is moulded into f~olid baUs of radius 2 em each, how many,such solid balls can be made?

1)81 2}9 31729 4)243

If the,curved surface areas of two spheres are in the ratio 1 : 4, what Is the ratio of their radii?

19"

20.

1) 1 : 1

2) 1 : 3

3) 1 : 4 4) 1 : 2

21:.

A hemisphere has Its radiUs 21 em, What is

its curved surt area?

1)2712c .. 3) 2672c

) 1842cm2

22.,

surface _ of a sphere is 48 m2• What

urfaee area of the corresponding here?

23.

A cylinder and a Hemi .. sphere have the same base radius and height. What is the ratio of their volumes? .

1) 2: 3 2) 2: 1

3) 3: 2 4) 4: 1

24. What Is the volume of a sphere, that can fit inside a cube of side 'a' units?

25.

A cylinder of radius 8 em and helg:l1t 6 em Is melted and spheric-a I balls each of radius 2 cm are made with It. . How many such spherical balls can be obtained ?

1)24

3) 18

4) 12

2)36

26.

Six spherleat balls of rad1us r are melted and cast into a cyllhdrlcal rod of the same radius. The height of the rod is (2007)

1 ).4r 2) 6r 3)8r 4) 12r

27.

28.

29.

30.

A_ cube, made of a metal, with edge 3 ems weighs 12 9ms. The wef-9hl (in grams) of the cube of edge 12 em, made of-the same metal" is (2007)

1)48

3)758

2)64

4)768

The, curved surfac-e alea of a cylinder is three times, the area of its base,. What is, the ratio between its radius and height l' (2006)

1) 4 : 3 2) 3 : 5 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 2

\ The radii of two cylinders are in the ratio 2 : 3 and thei, heights are in the retlo 9 : 5. What is the r,allo of' their volumes?

(2006)

1) 11 : 8 3) 1 : 4

2.) 4: 5 4)5-,: 14

The number of iron rods each of length 14 m and dIameter 2 em that can be made out of 0.88 cubic m of Iron is (2005)

1)140 3)280

2)200 4)320

31. A metaUc sphere of diameter 20 em is into smaflspherical bans of radius 0.25 How many such bans ean be made? (2004)

1) 46,000 2) 50,

3)64.000

( KEY J

1) 2 2) 1 i3) 2 4) 4 5) 3
6} 4 7) 3 8) 1 9) 2 10) 2
11)1 12) 3 13)3 14) 4 15} 2
16)2 17)2 18)2 19) 3 20)4
21)2 22)2 23)3 24)2 25)2'
26)3 27)4 28)3 29)2 30)2
31)3 32)4 33)4 34)2 35)2 85

VOLUMES AND SURFACE ARI

32.

The base area of a cone Is 125, 1t sq. and its height is 36 em. What is its VOlume?

(In cubic em) (2004)

1) 3600 ~ 2) 5400 1(;

3)2700 n 4) 1500 n

What is the maximum length of a stick that can be pfaeed' In a cuboid of 5 em x 4 em x 3 em ?

33.

1)12 em 3) 8 em

2)9cm

4) sJ2 cm-

34.

The radii of two sphere. are in the ratio 3 ! 5. What is the ratio of their vplumes ?

1)27:25 3)27: 80

2)27;125

4)14:11.

_ ne Is halved and Its radius percentage of change

~~ .

35,

2) 100% increase 4) 75% increase