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 PAKISTAN RAILWAY AND ROADS
LOGISTICS
_ Pakistan's roads and highways
are in dangerously poor
condition. Minor maintenance is
performed on existing roads as
new construction continues.
_ This ineffective planning and an
erratic prioritization of resource
usage and poor implementation
of policies and regulations
explain why Pakistan's
inadequate road network doesn't
serve its needs.
_ Trade and commerce languish in
the void of crucial road transport
services. Moreover, serious and
numerous fatal road accidents
could be prevented with common
sense, enforced regulations and
practical traffic management
systems.
_ Second only to the armed forces,
Pakistan Railway is the largest
employer in Pakistan. The number
of employees and their low skill
levels drain any revenue earned.
_ A single ministry, Ministry of
Railways, manages this one sub
sector of transportation. Yet, the
viability of Pakistan Railways is in
question. Flagrant sub-standard
maintenance is performed. Modern
and functional locomotives are in
short supply. Unreliable and
lacking passenger services
receive resources on higher
priority than possible revenue-
producing cargo.
_ Furthermore, inadequate
investment levels deposited the
fate of Pakistan Railways
existence on the desk of the
Privatization Commission.
 INTRODUCTION

OF

PAKISTAN RAILWAY
 ABOUT PAKISTAN RAILWAY
_ Pakistan Railways is the state-owned
railway company of Pakistan. It is a
large organization under the
administration of the Pakistani
Government's Ministry of Railways.

_ 2
  
 provides an
important mode of transportation in
the farthest corners of the country and
brings them closer for business,
sightseeing, pilgrimage and education
and its headquarter in Lahore

_ It has been a great integrating force

and forms the life line of the country
by catering to its needs for large scale
movement of people and freight. The
current chairman is Mr. Shakil Durrani.
 !ISTORY OF PAKISTAN RAILWAY

_ The possibility of Karachi as a sea port was first noticed in the

middle of 19th century. Sir !enry Edward Frere was appointed
after its annexation to British India's Bombay Presidency in 1847
and sought permission from Lord Dalhousie to begin a survey
for a sea port. !e also initiated the survey for a railway line in
1858.

_ It was proposed that a railway line from Karachi City to Kotri,

steam navigation up the Indus and Chenab rivers up to Multan
and from there another railway to Lahore and beyond be
constructed.

_ It was on 13 May 1861, that the first railway line was opened for
public traffic between Karachi City and Kotri, a distance of
105 miles (169 km). The line between Karachi City and Kiamari
was opened on 16 June 1889. During 1897 the line from Keamari
to Kotri was doubled.
 PAKISTAN RAILWAY ROLE
_ Pakistan Railway forms the life line of the country by
catering to its needs for large scale movement of freight
as well as passenger traffic. It not only contributes to its
economic growth but also promotes national integration.

_ Pakistan Railway endeavors to run the trains strictly in

accordance to time table and maintain high standard of
punctuality.

_ The progressive freight train sport organization operated

by professional management and competent staff
committed to provide reliable, competitive and
economical service of recognized standards to its
customers.

_ It provides logistics services to its customers and

having a country biggest cargo providing services to its
customer.

_ Pakistan Railway plays an important role in the

development of economy and earning a huge revenue for
country.
NETWORK OF RAILWAY BEFORE
1947
 PAKISTAN RAILWAY

! Largely neglected since independence in 1947.

! Carry less than 9% of passenger and approximately 4% of

freight.

! Total length of rail tracks in Pakistan are 8,162 KMS.

! Railways connect agricultural heartland to the port of

Karachi.

! Sector, especially freight being opened by Government to

private sector, however legal issues remain.
 PAKISTAN RAILWAY MAJOR
ROUTES FOR FREIG!T
Ú Major Routes
_ Train platform at Rohri Junction
_ Train platform at Sahiwal Junction

Ú The total length of railway tracks in

Pakistan is 5,072 miles (8,163 km).
The busiest routes include:

_ Peshawar-Karachi Route
_ Peshawar-Quetta Route
_ Lahore-Sialkot Route
_ Lahore-Faisalabad Route
_ Faisalabad-Khanewal Route
 FREIG!T TRAFFIC OF PAKISTAN
RAILWAY
_ The Freight Business Unit, with 12,000
personnel, operates over 200 freight stations
on the railway network.

_ The Unit serves two major ports of Karachi

and Bin Qasim as well as all four provinces
of the country and generates revenue from
the movement of agricultural, industrial and
imported products, Petroleum Oil &
Lubricants (POL), wheat, coal, fertilizer, rock
phosphate, cement, container traffic and
sugar.

_ About 39% of the revenue is generated from

the transportation of POL products, 19%
from imported wheat, fertilizer and rock
phosphate. The remaining 42% is earned
from domestic traffic.
 FREIG!T TRAFFIC OF PAKISTAN
RAILWAY
_ The Freight Business Unit offers services
to meet customer requirements and reduce
costs through efficiency, innovation and
modernization.

_ All possible efforts are made to increase

revenues and pass on the benefits to
customers. The Freight Business Unit is
headed by an additional General Manager.

_ The Freight Rates structure is based on

market trends, particularly of road
transport, which is the Railways' main
competitor.

_ The freight rates are no longer rigid but

flexible, depending on the lead, peak-off
peak season, and quantum offered.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY
_ Pakistan railway still
suffers from a mixture of
gauges, 1,676 mm
(5 ft 6 in) and 1,000 mm
(3 ft 3Ǫ in), but this is
being gradually tackled by
converting the narrow
gauge lines to broad
gauge, with little narrow
gauge remaining.
PAKISTAN RAILWAY IS OPERATING
ON T!REE GUAGES
 FUNCTIONS OF PAKISTAN
RAILWAY
_ All matters pertaining to Pakistan Railway.

_ Movement and priority in respect of Defence traffic.

_ Maintenance of Railway lines for strategic reasons.

_ Negotiations with International Organizations and other Countries and

implementation of agreements, with them.

_ Coordination of Development Projects of Railways as a part of the

National Development Programmed.

_ Standardization and specifications of materials and stores.

_ Overall efficiency and safety of Railways.

_ Coordination of Rail movements into and from Ports

PAKISTAN RAILWAY NETWORK
 PAKISTAN RAILWAY FREIG!T RATES
DETAILS

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PAKISTAN RAILWAY Comparative Statistics
2003 - 2004 Through 2007-2008
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PAKISTAN RAILWAYComparative Statistics 2003 -
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PAKISTAN RAILWAYComparative Statistics 2003 -
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 PAKISTAN RAILWAYComparative Statistics
2003 - 2004 Through 2007-2008 Contd..
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 PAKISTAN RAILWAYComparative
Statistics 2003 - 2004 Through 2007-2008

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2003 - 2004 Through 2007-2008
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 PAKISTAN RAILWAY PRICING
POLICY
_ Pakistan Railways moves cargo on rails at a lesser
cost in fuel spent in moving the same cargo by
road.
_ The organization by reason of this advantage is
able to formulate its pricing policy to the maximum
advantage allowable to the customer and the
organization.

_ The pricing policy of Railways is that all the

commodities be charged on differential basis
according to the principle of "What each type of
traffic can bear" The rate structure of Pakistan
Railways is designed to fix an upper limit while
taking into account the basic cost incurred in
transport value of commodity, its load ability,
susceptible to damage and pilferage along with
various other factors.
_ Promotional reduced rates are quoted to provide
incentive to move the commodities by Rail of Road.
Seasonal reduced rates are quoted to attract the
commodity.
 PAKISTAN RAILWAY CARGO
EXPRESS
_ A Cargo Express Service introduced Since
1974 is now running daily for transportation
of general cargo from Karachi City to
Badami Bagh / Lahore and Vice Versa.

_ This cargo express has been re-structured

with !igh Capacity and !igh Speed Wagons
along with terminal facilities to increase the
present load of 1000 tones to 1600 tones A
Similar Cargo Service has been initiated
between Faisalabad Multan and Karachi
and vice versa.

_ Presently, these services are being run five

time a week.

_ The containerization of cargo and the

establishment of Dry Ports were the steps
that further facilitated multimodal movement
of goods
PAKISTAN RAILWAY MATERIAL
!ANDLING EQUIPMENTS
!
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 ROAD LOGISTICS S!ARE IN
PAKISTAN
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 TOTAL LENGT! OF NATIONAL
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PAKISTAN
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 WEIG! STATIONS IN PAKISTAN
!ighways/ Weigh Stations Installed Operational Planned/ In
Motorways Progress
SSWIM !SWIM Static

M-1 - - - - 9

M-2 - 10 13 16 (7 !SWIM -
are being used
with static)

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M-9 - - 1 1 1

N-5 10 - 2 12 -

N-25 - - 2 2 -

N-40 - - 2 2 -

N-55 1 - - 1 5

N-65 - - 2 2 -

N-70 - - 2 0 1

SSWIM ---- Slow Speed Weigh In Motion

!SWIM ---- !igh Speed Weigh In Motion

Weigh station
 Unfortunately In Pakistan Axle Loads are
uncontrollable resulting in Damaging the Roads
OVERLOADING CAUSE ACCIDENT
COMPARISON DISTRIBUTION OF ACCIDENTS IN
PAKISTAN AND EUROPE DUE TO POOR ROADS
AND OVER AXLE LOADS
  !"
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ABOUT NATIONAL LOGISTICS CELL
_ NLC is a multifaceted organization where
diversification guides growth. With
business interests, both domestic and
international, NLC¶s development
strategies exploit the strength of the core
business while evolving challenging
activities.

_ Through infrastructure development,

provision of freight services, management
of border terminals and strategic inland
dry ports, manufacturing and engineering
excellence, enhancing energy resources;
we endeavor growth towards a self reliant
Pakistan.

_ This established reputation of the Cell has

resulted in the assignation of mega
engineering and construction ventures in
Qatar, Afghanistan and other countries of
the Middle-East. This has resulted planned
expansion of its operations to Central
Asian Republics, Turkey and Iran.
 NATIONAL LOGISTICS CELL
!ISTORY
_ National Logistics Cell (NLC) was raised
on 6th August 1978 to reduce the
congestion at Karachi Port, which had
resulted in a waiting time of 50 days for
the ships and was costing the
Government $12.5 Million per annum in
demurrage.

_ In the process NLC introduced in the

country the concept of containerization
and became the largest multi-modal
freight handler in the region.

_ NLC also serves as the Crisis

Management Arm of the Government to
handle and diffuse logistics emergencies.
In recognition of its services, NLC has
been awarded Gold Mercury Award by the
Government of Pakistan.
 E NATIONAL LOGISTICS CELL
_ Under the eNLC Program, the National
Logistics Cell plans to create a fully
networked, IT-enabled environment which will
streamline business processes and will
eliminate operational redundancies.

_ Additionally, it will provide µreal-time¶ accurate

data for managing all our administrative and
business functions. Using the latest web
based technologies, NLC envisions itself
transforming into a µOne Stop Shop¶ for
clients¶ multimodal freight requirements.

_ Clients will be able to make bookings on the

Internet and view the progress of their goods
from pickup point to final destination. In an
environment where the customer continues to
have increasing options, NLC plans to offer
quality services that no one else can provide.
E NLC ERP SYSTEM
 NLC LOGISTICS FLEET
_ NLC is a financially independent,
multidimensional organization that
employees more than 7000 personal,
equipped with more than 1500 state of the art
trucks. NLC today is on its way to become a
modern, flexible and sophisticated logistics
service provider in Asia.

_ NLC has imported EURO 3 Mercedeze Benz

prime movers which are the first of their kind
in Pakistan, meeting all the international
regulation of fitness, to be able to go in any
country in the world.

_ In the transportation and allied sector, NLC

makes use of the most modern tracking
developed indigenously by NLC and is
adapting to fully automated concept of fleet
management for its 1500 strong fleet of
modern trucks.
NLC LOGISTICS FLEET CONTD..
_ NLC embraces the emerging
technologies developed both in
Pakistan and abroad 

_ Sadly, none of the Pakistan tucks at

present come up to these standards.
It also holds credit for the new car
carrier which has the capacity of
transporting 10 cars.

_ These cars carriers are now being

fabricated in NLC workshops in
Karachi.
 NLC DRY PORTS FOR LOGISTICS
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Contd..
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 NLC WARE!OUSING FACILITY
_ Warehousing

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 NLC CUSTOM CLEARANCE AND
!ANDLING FACILITY
_ In order to provide one window
operation to its customers, NLC
is Providing efficient custom
clearance and handling services
as per International Standards,
with the assistance of Central
Board of Revenue.

_ This enables NLC to efficiently

handle export cargo.
 NLC STATE OF T!E ART
SCANNERS
_ 12  # $
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 NLC BORDER TERMINALS
_ Modern Border Terminals
_ The government has decided to establish four modern border
terminals on routes entering Pakistan. In order to promote trade
through land routes, the border terminals will be fully automated with
in-house scanners and online data management.

_ NLC has been tasked to build these state of the art Border terminals at
Wagah, Torkham/Jamrod, Chaman and Taftan. NLC has therefore
acquired land in these locations to develop these terminals and
provide ware housing and display centres.

_ Thus, the Pakistani exporters will be able to display their goods closer
to the zero point and will be able to strike deals with importers on the
spot.

_ The establishment of such terminals would also meet one of the major
requirements of trade facilitation in the region and promote land route
trade among the countries of the region.
NLC TRANSPORTATION

OPERATIONS
 DRY CARGO OPERATIONS

_ Dry Cargo Operations

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 NLC LIQUID CARGO OPERATIONS
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 NLC CAR FLEET MONITROING
SYSTEM
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 NLC IN WATER LOGISTICS
SERVICES
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NLC MATERIAL !ANDLING
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!
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 ABOUT C!AUD!ARY CARGO
_ Chaudhary cargo is a local transport
goods company.

_ There office is located in Mari Pur Bus

Ada near !awks bay.

_ The company is about more than 10

years old.

_ They give transport facility to their

clients and having a 2 , 3 and 4 axle
trucks and there quantity is around 8.

_ They deal in all types of goods and

cargo transfer facility.
 C!AUD!ARY CARGO LOGISTICS
SERVICES
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!ANDLING EQUIPMENTS
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C!AUD!ARY CARGO MATERIAL
!ANDLING EQUIPMENTS
 
!










 !

 

 AFTER AN EXTENSIVE
RESEARC! WE ARE ABLE TO
COMPARE

PAKISTAN RAILWAY , NLC AND

C!AUDARY CARGO
COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN RAILWAY ,
NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO

_ Pakistan Railway plays an important role in the transportation of

goods from one city to another.
_ Pakistan railway is cheaper then NLC and Choudary Cargo.

_ Insurance facility is available in Pakistan railway as they have two

options Owner Risk and Railway Management risk such as if
customer uses its own labour and if any theft occurs than railway
is not responsible and if customer sends goods through Railway
Management service they appoint their person who takes care of
goods and charges from customer. for eg if 50 packets of cement
have to be sent to Faisalabad and their weight is around 3 tons
and distance is around 700 km they will charge at the rate of
125.3 per ton .

_ In Pakistan railway rates are totally depend on weight , distance

or Km or mileage and it also depend on the railway stations.
COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN RAILWAY ,
NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO CONTD..

_ Pakistan Railway charges Rs.5 for per kg to keep goods in

their godown after the arrival of goods after 24 hrs.

_ Pakistan Railway gives free godown to their customer for

24 hrs after that they start to charge. (See Above)

_ Maximum ZBFC AND ZBKC takes 60 tons of goods, 40 tons

and minimum 20 tons of goods. ZBFC and ZBKC are cargo
train carriers they have been imported from china and are
also known as China Rack and their capacity is more then
Pakistan railway has. ZBFC cargo carrier is closed from all
sides and all goods , parcel and cargo send through them.
And ZBKC is a opened cargo train carrier in this car ,
trucks and heavy machineries are send.
COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN RAILWAY ,
NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO CONTD..
_ But Pakistan railway takes the longest time to shift goods from
one city to another at least 4 to 5 days and the risk is high as
compared to road transport.

_ In Pakistan railway if excel load exceeds then the goods are not
taken by the railway master.

_ In Pakistan railway Rates are fixed by the government and they

are cheaper then road transportation.

_ Pakistan railway provides goods services to each part of the

country.

_ In Pakistan railway they have no advance equipment all labour

are using and they use local trawls.

_ If NLC does not ship the goods within the time then they have to
give 3000 rupees to their customer as a penalty on per ton.
National Trade Corridor
 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY , NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO
_ Every day Pakistan Railway sent the goods at 4.00 pm after the
complete collection of good.

_ According to the sources Pakistan railways have around more cargo

carriers then others in Pakistan i.e. Road transport.

_ Pakistan railway takes all products of government, private and semi

government.

_ Railway is cheaper then road transport but they are not speedy.

_ Packing facility in Pakistan railway is partially given though most of

the customers do by them self.

_ No automatic tracking system only builty system is available.

_ The routes charges are fixed by the government.

 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY , NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO
_ !andling of goods (Loading and unloading) Pakistan railway has given
the contractor to local company and the agreement is of 0ne year.

_ Due to its cheaper rate Pakistan railway has destroyed the work of local
truck industry.

_ Pakistan railway has no proper warehousing facility to its customers.

_ Now days all heavy weight cargo are taken by the Pakistan railway.

_ Pakistan railway has their own weighing machines.

_ Pakistan railway has their own policy and can be seen in the picture.

_ Routes are selected by the railway management.

_ Diesel rates are fixed by the government and they are cheaper then
another road transport companies
 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY , NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO
_ NLC is a multifaceted organization where diversification guides
growth. With business interests, both domestic and international,
NLC's development strategies exploit the strength of the core
businesses while evolving challenging activities.

_ Through infrastructure development, provision of freight services,

management of border terminals and strategic inland dry ports,
manufacturing and engineering excellence, enhancing energy
resources; we Endeavour growth towards a self reliant Pakistan.

_ NLC provides online cargo tracking facilitates to its customers and

Pakistan railway has no such computerized system as well as
chodary cargo also.

_ NLC provides cargo inspection machines.

_ NLC only provides vessels to its customers and no such packing

facilities are provide to their customers.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY , NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO
_ Containers are also not providing by NLC customer have to arrange
by its self.

_ NLC provides warehousing facility to its customer for container and

they charge around Rs.40000 to 5000 rupees per day depending on
cargo weight.

_ They have around 1500 trucks.

_ NLC take 2 to 4 days to reach its destination.

_ Insurance facility is provided by the NLC to its customer.

_ Builty system is not available in NLC.

_ NLC have 40 feets (25 tons) , 45 feet ( 35tons) MB VE!ICLES (

Mercedeze Benz Vehicle ) and GC VE!ICLES (Grey Carrier vehicle)
and they are all Volvo made vehicles.
 - D# $$
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 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN RAILWAY ,
NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO CONTD..
_ They have both types of vehicles Containerized and flat truck
vehicles.

_ Rates are not fixed they are changed daily on the basis of market
need and oil prices.

_ NLC have their own fueling system the diesels are given to their
vehicle from their own petrol pump and they charge diesel rates
according to the distance and cargo weight (Rates not disclosed by
them).

_ NLC have a edge from their competitors they have modern handling
equipment that can carry up to 60 tons of containers.

_ If the container was not taken by the NLC on time then customer can
fined them on daily basis i.e. Rs.3000 per kg.

_ Route Racke done by NLC which means to select the shortest routes
and it all done by the Lt. Colonel and liuetent after every 5 to 8 years.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN
RAILWAY , NLC AND C!OUDARY CARGO
_ NLC only takes the containers of government and semi
government and some private companies such as Pakistan
Ordinance factory , radio broad casting , Pakistan Army etc.

_ Packing of goods done by the customers.

_ NLC only arrange container Vehicles and ordinary vehicle.

_ NLC as compared to Chowdary Cargo is more superior as

well as from Pakistan railway but they are reliable ,to the
time but little costly approximately they charge Rs.60,000
to 80,000 for 40 feet containers but rates are depend on the
route distance.
 

 




 

OF








 !


 


Pakistan Railway
1.Pakistan Railway is
cheaper.
2. No speclized !andling
equipments.
3. No proper Warehousing.
4. Charge 250 to 500 rupees
for godwon for 24 hrs.
5. Takes 5 to 6 days to reach
its destination.
6. Builty System no
computerized tracking.
7.No computerized System
such as ERP.
NLC Choudary Cargo
1.NLC is expensive then 1.Chaudary cargo is also expensive.
Pakistan Railway.
2.They don¶t have specialized
2. They have speclized equipments.
equipments.
3.Proper warehouse facility but not
3.Proper warehouse comparative with NLC.
container facility.
4.They sometime don¶t charge for
4.They charge 5000 to 7000 there cargo.
rupees for 12 hrs.
5.They take 4 to 7 days for up
5.They take 3 to 4 days. country.
6.Computerized tracking 6. They have a builty system.
system.
7.ERP SYSTEM is available 7.No computerized system all hand
in NLC. work.
Pakistan Railway NLC Choudary Cargo

8. Pakistan Railway can 8. NLC is capable of carrying 8. Chaudary cargo can carry up to
carry up to 60 Tons of Cargo. 45 tons. 20 to 40 tons of cargo.

9. They don¶t have 9. They have speclized staff 9. They also don¶t have specialized
specialized staff. and all are train. staff all local labour on rent.

10. Facing problems in term 10. Facing problems 10. Proper warehouse facility but
of different gauges. because of road conditions. not comparative with NLC.

11. Rates Charges are fixed 11. Rates are change on 11. Rates are not fixed they charge
by the government a edge daily basis. on the weight of the cargo and
for Pakistan Railway. company appearance.

12. Fuel is given by the 12. They their own PSO 12. . PSO , Caltex , Total and shell
government on discount but petrol pump from where all gives diesel on contract basis to
not disclosed by the officer. trucks fill diesel and the fuel them.
is given on discount.
ADVANTAGES OF NLC OVER
C!AUD!ARY CARGO
 RECOMMENDATIONS
! Pakistan Railway should improve the line gauges to promote the
cargo transport from one city to another as well their
warehousing facility.

! Pakistan Railway should have a latest handling materials.

! NLC should try to adopt more modern technology such as GPS

so that drivers can avoid from traffic jam and reach its
destinations.

! NLC must develop more logistics techniques.

! Chaudhary Cargo have to develop its fleet in proper manner.

! They should develop a driving school facility for the drivers.

 CONCLUSION
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 MANY T!ANKS TO T!OSE W!O !ELP
US TO S!ARE T!E INFORMATION
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