"

DESIGN SEISMIC FORCES

BASED ON NSCP 200l

WORKSHOP

By

Rico P. Gomez. BSCE. F. ASEP, ACI, PICE

Workshop:

Calculate the seismic design loads for a three-story reinforced concrete frame building under the r,-:::;·.::,e;-r:~nl<: or N::;CP 2001 eJiLion. The proposed banding would be an office structure and approximately located 5 km away from Valley Fault System (See Figure 208-2B of NSCP 2001).

Design Criteria

A typical floor plan, roof plan and elevation of the building are shown below. The columns. beams and slabs have consta~[ cross sections throughout the height of the building. Though the uniformity and symmetry used in this example have been adapted primarily for simplicity, the structure itself is a hypothetical one, and has been chosen mainly for illustrative purposes. Other pertinent design data are as follows:

Material Properties:

Concrete fc' = 28Mpa (4.0 ksi)

Concrete weight, wc = 24 kN/m3

Concrete CHB weight, lSOmm thick solid grouted = 3.83 kN/m2 (vertical surface)

Member sizes:

Column Cl Column C2

=

0.40mxO.60m 0.40mx0.40m

0.40m wide x 0.60m deep 0.15 m

Beam sizes

Slab Thickness =

Other superimposed dead load:

Concrete toppings at aoof "" 0.075 m

Concrete toppings at typical flr. "" 0.05m

Ceiling weight = 0.50 kN/m2

Interior Partition at Typical flr. = I .00 kN/m~

Assumed 1.5 meter high paraJc;:::C wall along the perimeter of the roof level.

Assumed 50% of the perimeter of the typo floor is covered with ISOmm CHB solid grouted.

Seismic Parameters:

Importance factor, I := Seismic Zone factor. Z == Soil Profile Types == Seismic Source Type ==

1.00 ( assumed Occupancy Category IV. See Section 103) 0.40 (Zone 4) ( See Section 208.4.4.1)

SD (See Section 208.4.3. J)

A ( See Fig. 20B-2B, Valley Fault System is Type A)

:t ,

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Step 1: Calculate Mass at every f100r

Roof Level:

Slab weight = O.ISm x 24kN/mJ

Topping weight = 0.07Sm x 24 kNnlmJ

Parapet weight = O..J.5m x I.Sm x 60m x 24kN/m3 (18m X Um)

Beam weight = 0.40m :t 0.60m x 126m X 24kN/m3 (18m X 12m.)

Column weight = 0.40m x O.60m x 3.Sm 12 x 6pcs.x 24 (18"'" x 12m) \

= 0.401.4 X 0.40"" x 3.Sm 12 X 3pcs.x 24 (18m X 12m')

Total

Total weight in leN at Roof= 10.63Kpa x 18m X 12m

Typical floors

Slab weight = O.IS'" x 24kN/mJ Topping weight = O.OS'" x 24 kN/mJ

Perime. wall wt.= 2.9m x60m x3.83 N/m2 x SO% (18m X 12m)

Interior Partition = 1.0C kN/m2 •

Beam weight = 0.40'" x 0.60'" x 126m X 24kN/m3 (I81D X 12m)

Column weight = 0.40'" x 0.60m x 3.Sm x 6pcs.x 24 (18m X 12m)

0.40m X 0.401D x 3.Sm X 3pcs.x 24 (18m X 12m)

Total

= 3.60 kN/m2 = 1.80 kN/m2 = I.S0 kN/m2

= 3.36 kN/m2

= 0.28 kN/m2

= 0.09 kN/m2

= 10.63 kN/m2 .

= 2296.00 kN

= 3.60 kN/m2 = 1.20 kN/m2 = I.S4 kN/m2

= 1.00 Kn/M2 = 3.36 kN/m2

= 0.S6 kN/m2

= 0.19 kN/m2

= rI.4S kN/m2

Total weight in Kn at Typ. Flr.= 11.4SKpa x ISM X 12M = 2473.00 kN

Step 2: Calculate total mass of the building. W

W= 2296 + 2473 + 2473

=7242.00 kN

":::!.:.~-",'~. ~:~<. ,', .. _-.~ '-~. ~·""'··7.~:?··~ ~ .. .• ':' ' ..

~" .... ;, "~ ~"., -.,- ... ~:".~"

iii,::_; ,:;:;-;;~:i, ;;:,.) :':;'" '" ,; ?',;, ",'

Step 3: Calculate the Total Design Base Shear. V

Since the structure is regular. less than 75 meters in height and its structural system is Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF)·the Static Lateral Force Procedure may be used ( See Section 208.4.8.2).

V= Cv J JV

RT

The total design base shear need not exceed the following:

V=2.5 Ca I W R

The total base shear shall not be less than the following:

V= O.II Ca IW

In addition. for ::'clsmic Zone 4. [he total base shear shall also not be less than the foliowing:

V= O.8Z,vv' W R

Structure Period, T

Where: Ct = 0.0731 for SMRF

hn = 10.50 rn, height in meters above the base

T = 0.0731 (I 0.50») ~

= 0.43 sec .

. _

~

Near-Source Factor. from Table 208-4. for Seismic Source Type A and Closest

Distance to known Seismic Source of 5 Jan.

Nv = 1.6 Near-Source Factor. from Table 208-5. for Seismic Source Type A and Closest Distance to known Seismic Source of 5 Ion.

eel = 0.44Na Seismic Coefficient from Table 208-7. for Soil profile type SD and Seismic Zone 4

eel = 0.44( 1 .2) = 0.53

-

Cv = 0.64Nv Seismic Coefficient from Table 208-8. for Soil profile type SD and Seismic Zone 4

Cv = 0.64{ 1.6) = 1.02

R = 8.5

Numerical coefficient representative of the global ductility capacity of structural system from Table 208-11

V= Cv I W RT

1.02( 1.0)(7242.0) (8.5)(0.43)

= 2021.0 kN

V need not exceed the following:

V=l.SCa/W R

2.5(0.53)(1.0)(7242.0) = 1129.0 leN (Governs) 85

V shall not be less than the following

V= 0.11 Ca /W =

0.11(0.53)( 1.0}(7242.0) = 422.0 leN

V in seismic Zone 4 shall not be less than the following

V= 0.8Z.Vv/ W = R

0.3(A)( 1.6)(1.0}{7242.0) 3.5

= 436.0 kt"J

Srep-t: Vertical Distribution of Seismic forces

.

V=F+)·-:

I ...... ,

;-";SCP 2001 Equation 208-13

Fr= 0.07 TV;

NSCP 2001 Equation 208-14 .

Ft = 0 for T 0.70 sec

F = (~'-F,)w,n,

I •

Lw;h, ;·1

NSCP 2001 Equation 208-15

V = 1129 Kn; T = 0.43 sec.

F. = {I 129-0)(24108) = 543 kN at Roof Level

50075

F,_=(l129';'())(17311) = 391 leN atJrtlFloor·

50075

F. = (l129-O)(8656) = 195 k.N at 2nd Floor

50075

Vertical Distribution

Levels Story h. w. wxhx ~ Fx
Height (m) (leN) Lw1hl (kN)
(M)
Roof 3.5 10.5 2296 24108 0.481 543
Jrd Floor 3.5 7 2473 17311 0.346 391
2rd Floor 3.5 J.5 2473 8656 0.173 195
Ground 0
1: = 7242 50075 1.00 1129 · .','

Step 5: Horizontal Distribution

Lateral force will be distributed horizontally in direct proportion to the relative rigidities or stiffness of the resisting elements. Rigidity or stiffness ofan element is the force required to deflect one end of an clement a unit distance relative to the other end. Rigidity is therefore inversely prcpcrticnc: rc ::!~~~::~=. ?eb!i~'e !igit:li!y ;c ripfinf'd as the ratio of the rigidity of an element to the total rigidities of all the elements within a floor to floor distance.

=~+ 1.2Ph

121:.. I GA

For vertical members with both ends fixed

Where:

c5 ~ total displacement

Or = displacement dUI;! to bending 0.= Displacement due to shear

P = lateral force on pier or column h = height of pier or column

1 = cross-sectional moment of inertia of pier or column in G::;f:::i:)n of bending

E.: = modulus of elasticity of concrete '

G = shear modulus

For fc' = 28 mpa. Ec = 24.84 X lOb kN/m2 and G = 9.92 X 106 kN/m2

Using P = 1000 kN

Deflectio s d Stiff

fC I

F fi

x-e:

I n an I nesses 0 o umns or orce a ong irecnon
Frame Col. Height Area Or Ov Tota] ,
{
bxd h A J. = Ph3 = ].2Ph Deflect. Stiffness
-- (m) (m) , 4 12Ec I OA !l k, =1/0
m- m
A Al - 0.'4,,-0.6 3.5 0.24 0;0072 0.0200 0.0018 0.0218 45.87
A1 0.4,,-0.6 3.5 0.24 0.0072 0.0200 0.00]8 ,0.02]8 45.87
A3 0.4xO.6 3.5 0.24 0.0072 0.0200 0.00]8 0.0218 45.87
1:=137.61
B BI O.4xO.4 3.5 0.16 0.00213 0.0675 0.0026 0.0701 14.27
B2 O.4xO.4 3.5 0.16 0.002]3 0.0675 0.0026 0.0701 14.27
B3 O.4xO.4 3.5 0.16 0.002]3 0.0675 0.0026 ' : 0.0701 ' , ·14.27
, ~.,... ;:i~l 1:=42.81
C Cl 0.4xO.6 3.5 0.24 0.0072 0.0200 0.0018,' 0.02]8 45.87
C2 0.4xO.6 3.5 0.24 0.0072 0.0200 0.0018 .0.0218 , 45.87
C3 0.4xO.6 3.5 0.24 0.0072 0.0200 0.0018 0.0218 .~:' 45.87
.:JF._' .» :1:';117.61 .,~.~,.--- .. _...;.

,-

Deflections and Stiffnesses of Columns

F or force a ong Y -direction

Frame Col. Height

h (m)

bxd (m)

8r 8, Total

= Ph3 = 1.2Ph Deflect. Stiffness

m2 m4 12EoI GA 8 k.> 110

Area

A I

IA

IB

0.6x0.4

0.4xO.4

3.5

3.5

0.24 0.0032 0.0450 0.0018 0.0468 21.37

0.16 0.00213 - 0.0675 0.0026 0.0701 14.27

IC

.0.6x0.4

3.5

0.24 0.0032 0.0450 0.0018 0.0468 21.37

--~--------r-------~--------+-------+------~

L=57.01

2

2A

0.6x0.4

3.5

0.0032

0.0450

0.0018

0.0468

21.37

0.24

2B

O.4xO.4

3.5

0.00213

0.0675

0.0026

0.0701

14.27

0.16

3

:: 3A

2C

3B

0.6xO.4

0.6x0.4

O.4xO.4

3.5

0.0032

0.0450

0.0018

0.0468

21.37

0.24

1=57.0] .

3.5 0.24 0.0032 0.0450 0.00180.0468 21.37-

3C·

0.6x0.4

3.5 0.16 0.00213 0.0675 0.G026 0.0701 14.27

---+-------+--------+---------~------~------~--------~

3.5 0.24 0.0032 0.0450 0.0018 0.0468 21.37

:[=57.01

Find center of mass Xm and Ym : Center of mass can be calculated by taking statistical moment about a chosen location.

xm =Lm x • Lm

Ym =Im y Im

Find center of rigidity x, and Yr : Center of rigidity can be calculated by taking statistical moment about a chosen location.

y, = b...h.Y Ikx

- On this example center mass and rigidity for all the floors are similar because the layout and member sizes were assumed the same for all the floors.

The center of n:ass by inspection;

xm = 9 m from grid I

Center of rigidity y, ;

Yr = (137.6IxI2) + (42.81 x 6) + (137.6IxO) (137.61 +42.81 +137.61)

x, = _( 57.0IxO) + (57.0IxI0l + (57.0IxI8) (57.01x3)

J( I 5 _: :!.k y: 'I K7~ -= ? 'Ky;x

= 6 m from grid C

= 9.33 m from grid 1

Eccentricity e.. = (x, - xm) + 5% (18 m) = (9.33-?) + .05(18) = 1.23 m >:

Eccentricity e,. ~ (y, - Ym) + 5% (12m) ::: (9-9) + .05( I 2) ~ 0.60 m

Calculation of seismic forces at Roof Level

The horizontal force P, resisted by particular frame may be obtained from the equation,

p. = lkJ (F,) + lk~}.liMJ

~ k. J,

M,::: F, (e,.) ::: 543(0.6).= 325.8 kN-m (Torsional momentj-:

J, = ~ (k, dy~ + k, d,'2·) (Rotational stiffness)

= (I 37.6·b: 6~'" 42.81x O~ ~ 137.61x 62 + 57.01x ~.332 + 57.01x 0.672 + 57.01x 8.672) = 19l81.55k!'J-m

Aorce at Roof level of Frame A. PRoof = (137.61 }(543) + ( 137.61 x6)(325.8) ;::, 248.98kN

318.03 (19181.55)

Force at 3n1 floor of Frame A. PJrII = (137.61 )(391) + (137.61 x 6)(391x 0.6) 179.28 kN

318.03 . (19181.55)

Force at 2nd level of Frame A. P~r>l ::: (137.61) (195) + (137.6Ix6)(195xO.6) 89.41 kN

318.03 (19181.55)"-

Tabulated format of computing Horizontal distribution of Forces

Horizontal Distribution of Forces along X-direction (Take unit Force F=11
Frame Stiffness Relative Direct
k, Stiffness Force d d2 kjd2' . k~ Torsion Direct
- I:k;d2
~ (m) Force +
- - ~ "_
- . ~k, . Torsion
. '.
A 137.61 0.433 0.433 6 36 4953.96· 0.258· 0.0258 0.4588
B 42.81 0.135 . 0.135 0 0 o . 0 O· 0.135
. . -
C i .: ':'" (; ! 0.433 0.433· 6 36 4953 ~'6 0.258 -0.025&' . 0.433
_ .. --- ..•
'::k. =318.03 1.00 1.00
........
1 57.0l 0.333 - 9.33 87.05 4962.72 0.259 0.0167. 0.0167
2 57.01 0.333 - 0.67 0.45 25.65 0.0013 -0.0012 -
3 57.01 0.333 - 8.67 75.17- 4285.44 0.2234 -0.0155 -
l:~ =171.03 1.00 19181.73 , ,'~ .-,.., .;. . ..:
.~ . - Torsion Force = kid! (MJ I:k,d! d

M,::: F (ey) = 1.00 (0.60) = 0.60'

." : .. .

- . :.:1'.: -.-

-.-- _ .

. , .' .-~ - ,;~

.!.': V'

Horizontal Distribution of Forces along Y -direction (Take unit Force F= I)
Frame Stiffness Relative Direct
k, Stiffness Force d d2 k,d2 k-d2 Torsion Direct
-l=-
ls, (rn) Lk;d2 Force +
~k; Torsion
I 57.01 i 0.333 0.333 9.33 87.05 4962.72 0.259 0.0341 0.3671
2 I 57.01 I 0133 0.333 0.67 0.~S .... e c e {'\ f\('\' ., t'\ ,..".", A 0.333 ,
I , ~_'''V_' V.:'~1 -V .. vV~"" I
- -
3 157.01 I 0.333 0.333 S.67 75.17 4285.44 0.2234 -0.0317 0.333
12:k; =171.03 I 1.00 1.00

A 137.61 J 0.433 6 36 49.53.96 0.258 0.0258 0.0258
: -
B -l2.81 J 0.135 0 0 I 0 0 0 -
I -
C 137.61 I 0.433 I - 6 36 4953.96 0.258 -0.0258 -
- !:k;' =318.03 1.00 19181.73 Torsion Force -= ~s:. illJ ~k.dl d

M, = F (e, ).= 1.00 ( 1.23) = 1.23

T I

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.

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